Unit 5 Humans and Nature单词短语句型语法（教材考点精练）英语北师大版必修第二册
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司
学科网（北京）股份有限公司
Unit 5 Humans and Nature
单元重点单词短语句型语法精练
（时间：60分钟，满分：100分）
教材考点概览
一、重点词汇
Topic talk
disaster, flood, drought, hurricane, wildlife, comment, crowded, living, deer, insect, whale, dolphin, shark, kangaroo, eagle, fox, soil, climate, jungle, shock, lecture, overuse, million, greenhouse, title
Lesson 1
wave, escape, survive, file, soul, frightened, horrible, edge, curious, observation, equal, extent, tube
Lesson 2
rescue, trap, attempt, interrupt, death, loss, damage, measure, operation, overseas, site, process, duty, conduct, protection, lamp, nearby, breathe, dust
Lesson 3
explorer, preparation, ski, boot, captain, base, anxiously, ambition, exploration, cheerful, prove, distant, honesty, bravery
Writing workshop
brochure, shelter, observe, metal
Reading club 1
varied, scary, harmless, skiing
Reading club 2
disappearance
二、重点短语
Topic talk
turn one’s back (on sb./sth.), be covered with, noise pollution, as a result, feel pain, suffer from, make use of, be shocked at
Lesson 1
survive a storm, on the edge of, risk doing, all at once, in such a way, at great speed, become curious about, fall into, in the direction of, as if, move toward, after a while, be curious about, make observations, expect to do
Lesson 2
rescue teams, search for, breathe in, run out, save lives, sound like, take part, provide medical help, under pressure, rescue attempt, move away from, stay away, knock on, end the conversation, so as to
Lesson 3
receive a message, race to, break down, the return journey, ahead of, lose the goal of, hopeless situation, at one time, in the distant past, in preparation for, the first to leave, make progress, have difficulties with, on one’s way back/to, carry on, fail to, win the race
Writing workshop
survive a disaster, give advice on, hold on, if possible, avoid doing, open area, stay calm, protect from…
Viewing workshop
compare to, enable sb. to do
Reading club 1
be home to, be native to, a total area of, as well as, from place to place, a common saying, be made up of, square kilometers, national parks
Reading club 2
a pack of, upset the natural balance, be based on, take good care of, at one point, leave sb. with…, bring disaster to…, negative effects
三、长难句理解：
1. My two brothers and I were coming back from the islands where we often risked going and got more fish than others.
结构拆解：
主句为 My two brothers and I were coming back from the islands；其后接 where 引导的定语从句 where we often risked going and got more fish than others，修饰先行词 islands。定语从句中，risked going 和 got more fish 为并列谓语，than others 为比较状语（省略了 got）。
译文： 我和我的两个兄弟正从那些岛屿返回，我们经常冒险去那里，并且捕到的鱼总比别人多。
2. I began to think how amazing a thing it was to die in such a way, and how wonderful it was to see the power of nature.
结构拆解：
主句为 I began to think；后接 and 连接的两个并列宾语从句：how amazing a thing it was to die in such a way 和 how wonderful it was to see the power of nature。每个宾语从句中，it 为形式主语，真正主语分别为 to die in such a way 和 to see the power of nature；how amazing 和 how wonderful 为感叹句结构作表语前置。
译文： 我开始思考，以这样一种方式死去是多么惊人的事，而见识到大自然的力量又是多么奇妙。
3. The reason why I’m here to tell the story is that I made the right decision.
结构拆解：
主语为 The reason，后接 why 引导的定语从句 why I'm here to tell the story 修饰 reason；系动词为 is；表语为 that 引导的表语从句 that I made the right decision。
译文： 我之所以在这里讲述这个故事，是因为我做了正确的决定。
4. The waves soon carried me to an area where the other fishermen were.
结构拆解：
主句为 The waves soon carried me to an area；其后接 where 引导的定语从句 where the other fishermen were，修饰先行词 area。
译文： 海浪很快把我带到了其他渔民所在的那片区域。
5. Then came the total darkness of the polar winter.
结构拆解：
本句为完全倒装句，正常语序为 The total darkness of the polar winter came then。为强调时间状语 then 并使描写更生动，将 then 置于句首，谓语 came 移至主语 the total darkness of the polar winter 之前。无从句嵌套。
译文： 随后，极地冬季的完全黑暗降临了。
6. Though we tried to stop him, we knew that it was the act of a brave man and an English gentleman.
结构拆解：
Though we tried to stop him 为让步状语从句，修饰主句；主句为 we knew... ，后接 that 引导的宾语从句 that it was the act of a brave man and an English gentleman。宾语从句中，it 指代上文提及的某件事（即那位男士的行为）。
译文： 虽然我们试图阻止他，但我们知道，那是一个勇敢的人、一位英国绅士的举动。
四、语法核心规则和难点提示
the+比较级...，the+比较级... 意为"越......，越......"
例如：
The harder you work, the better you will be at it.
The sooner, the better.
定语从句
1. 关系副词 where 和 when 引导的定语从句提供地点和时间方面的信息。
例如：
This is the place where I lost my purse.
Marco Polo travelled to China, where there were inventions and developments at that time.
She still remembers the day when Bill first walked into her office.
I'll never forget the day when I first met this great inventor.
2. 在 reason 后使用 why 来引导定语从句。
例如：
Do you know the reason why he's so angry with me?
Could you tell me the reason why you waste time going to the bank when you can do your banking online?
有时，reason 后面的 why 可以省略，或者使用 that。
例如：
The reason (that) he's coughing so badly is because of the smog.
3. 关系副词和"介词+关系代词"有时可以互相替换。
例如：
This is the room where (=in which) he used to live.
难点提示：
1. "介词+关系代词"引导定语从句时，介词根据在从句中的搭配确定。
例如：
She lost the pen for which she had paid twenty dollars.
She lost the pen on which she had spent twenty dollars.
2. 关系代词和关系副词的区分，主要看从句中缺少的成分。即：把先行词放到从句中，从句如果正确，则需要关系代词；否则需要关系副词或者"介词+关系代词"。
例如：
The child often goes to the store ______ sells all kinds of toys.
把先行词 the store 放到从句中，从句正确，所以填关系代词 which/that。
例如：
The child often goes to the store ______ all kinds of toys are sold.
把先行词 the store 放到从句中，从句不正确，所以填关系副词 where。
考点夯基攻坚
小题夯基·精准突破
一、词汇练习
从方框中选择恰当的单词填入句子中，注意使用其正确形式。
measure prove trap survive rescue
attempt shock damage shelter escape
1）We _____________ at the news that he passed away the night before.
2）We should take ____________ to protect endangered animals.
3）Although he was late for school, he _________ from punishment.
4）These plants cannot _________ in very cold conditions.
5）___________ workers arrived at the scene two hours later.
6）Twenty miners ________________ underground, but soon they were rescued.
7）She passed her driving test at the first ____________.
8）Up to now, lots of tests ______________ that the system works.
9) These chemicals have been found to cause serious environmental ___________.
10) All of a sudden, it began to rain heavily and we hurried to seek __________.
二、短语练习
从方框中选择恰当的短语填入句子中，注意使用其正确形式。
ahead of be curious about receive …from have difficulty（in）doing cry out run out (of) break down be covered with tie…to on the edge of
1）Hearing the news of his son’s death, she was ___________ despair.
2）They ___________ the people who lived upstairs.
3）In winter, most parts of our village ____________ snow.
4）Since I left my hometown, I ___________ many letters ___________ my parents.
5）She ____________ for help when a young man robbed her handbag.
6）Visitors usually ____________ finding hotel accommodation during the summer.
7）He ___________ food; his children are hungry.
8）On my way to the station my car ___________, so I had to call vehicle rescue service.
9）With the joint efforts of everyone, we finished the task ___________ our planned schedule.
10）_________ your bike _________ a tree so as to prevent it from being stolen.
三、语法练习
用恰当的关系代词或关系副词填空。
1. I still live in the place ______ I was born.
2. It is a challenging job ______ you are doing something serious but interesting.
3. It also keeps a record of the date ______ they will travel.
4. The big tree stood at the place ______ the roads meet.
5. This is the reason ______ he gave us.
6. This is the school ______ we built last year.
7. I'll never forget the day ______ I won the first prize in the 100-metre race in school.
8. Many countries are setting up national parks ______ animals and plants can be protected.
9. We went through the period ______ communications were quite difficult in rural areas.
10. The reason ______ he didn't go to school yesterday was that he was ill.
四、翻译下列句子
1）我将永远不会忘记我参军的那一天。
2）这是我两年前居住的房子。
3）他迟到是因为他睡过头了。
4）这是我妈妈工作的医院。
5）我仍然记得我们一起在农场劳动的日子。
综合攻坚·知能拔高
一、完形填空（共10小题，每小题1. 5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
For a long time Gabriel didn’t want to be involved in music at all. In his first years of high school, Gabriel would look pityingly at music students, ___1___ across the campus with their heavy instrument cases, turning up at school for practice hours ___2___ anyone else had to be there. He swore to himself to avoid music, as he hated getting to school extra early.
However, one day, in the music class that was part of his school’s standard curriculum, he was playing idly (随意地) on the piano and found it easy to pick out tunes. With a sinking feeling, he realized that he actually ___3___ doing it. He tried to hide his ___4___ pleasure from the music teacher, who had wandered over to listen. He might not have done this particularly well, because the teacher told Gabriel that he had a good ___5___ and suggested that Gabriel go into the music storeroom to see if any of the instruments there ___6___ him. There he decided to give the cello (大提琴) a ___7___. When he began practicing, he took it very ___8___. But he quickly found that he loved playing this instrument, and was committed to practicing it so that within a couple of months he was playing reasonably well.
This meant, of course, that he arrived at school only in the morning ___9___ his heavy instrument case across the campus to the ___10___ looks of the non-musicians he had left behind.
1. A. travelling B. marching C. pacing D. struggling
2. A. before B. after C. until D. since
3. A. missed B. disliked C. enjoyed D. denied
4. A. strange B. obvious C. false D. similar
5. A. ear B. taste C. heart D. voice
6. A. occurred to B. took to C. appealed to D. held to
7. A. change B. chance C. mission D. function
8. A. seriously B. proudly C. casually D. naturally
9. A. pushing B. dragging C. lifting D. rushing
10. A. admiring B. teasing C. annoying D. pitying
二、语法填空
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Once it snowed, I netted a bird. Holding it in my hands, I felt very ____11____ (excite). My father saw it and said he could turn this black bird into a colorful one. I didn’t believe ____12____ he said but decided to give it a go. I opened my hands and saw that the bird was edged with the color of the sunshine when it ____13____ (fly) in the sky freely. My father said no matter how beautiful a bird was, it would turn black when it was grasped in our hands and lost freedom.
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The tiger shark ____14____ (consider) to be one of the most dangerous sharks in the world. Why are tiger sharks so dangerous? First, they like to live ____15____ waters where humans usually swim, so the chances of an encounter are much greater. Second, tiger sharks are so strong and aggressive that they can ____16____ (easy) hit a person. And third, tiger sharks have ____17____ (tooth) perfectly designed for cutting their food, so it is certain that the damage will be disastrous.
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
You never get a second chance to make a first impression, which may sound like an unusual piece of advice, ____18____ it is true. So how do you make a good first impression? The most important tool is your face. Smiling, being responsive, and looking like you are happy almost always leave a positive impression on people. Furthermore, being in a positive mood ____19____ (help) you to get a better understanding of new things. This means that you can possibly be friendlier to people you do not know and be ____20____ (creative) and able to solve problems more quickly.
三、阅读理解
A
The Great Wall Marathon is designed to be more than just a race. We want you to be able to run in amazing places, surrounded by friendly people, and exposed to new cultural experiences. It’s not just about the race — it’s about enjoying time together with family, friends, and other running minded spirits.
Itinerary
17 May 2023 Welcome to Jizhou, Tianjin
18 May 2023 Route Inspection Day
19 May 2023 Relaxation in Jizhou with tour option
20 May 2023 Race Day
21 May 2023 Explore Beijing & Evening Celebration Party
22 May 2023 Farewell China
※On Route Inspection Day, the Race Officials will provide you with a Race Briefing, which will cover everything from a weather forecast to a brief presentation of the start/finish procedures. All runners are expected to walk the 3.5 km section of the wall that is part of the marathon, half-marathon and 8.5 km Fun Run course. Race Officials and Medical Staff will be present to answer any questions you may have.
Rules & Regulations
Full marathon runners must be at least 18 years old on Race Day. Half-marathon runners must be at least 16 years old. Fun Run participants must be at least 12 years old. Fun Run participants under the age of 12 are also welcome, so long as they are accompanied by a runner aged 16 or above.
The cut-off time for all distance events is 8 hours. All runners with a net finishing time slower than 8 hours will receive a FNT (Finished No Time) on the result list.
If you decide to change distances during the race, i.e. if a half-marathon runner decides to follow the marathon route, he or she will receive a certificate but not an official time. The race result will read FNT. The same applies to a marathon runner who changes distances during the race. All runners who change distances before Race Day will be registered accordingly and receive an official time.
Visa Information
6 — 8 weeks prior to the race you will receive the service voucher which you can use for acquiring a visa.
For more details, please visit us online at www.greatwallmarathon.com.
21. What will participants do on Route Inspection Day?
A. Enjoy the Fun Run. B. Join in a 3.5 km walk.
C. Get medical insurance. D. Attend a training course.
22. According to the rules, full marathon participants ______.
A. will receive a FNT on the result list B. can change distances on Race Day.
C. should be at least 12 years old D. will be awarded medals
23. What is the purpose of the passage?
A. To advertise a sport event. B. To promote a cultural tour.
C. To introduce a marathon camp. D. To publicize a place of interest.
B
I had a quick short stay in Detroit Airport before heading home. Knowing my gate number, I got there with 5 minutes to spare and stood waiting for “Gate 3” to be called.
I was already very tired and had an important call scheduled for an hour after I was set to get home. But then I heard the announcement, “It seems we have overbooked the flight. Would anyone care to volunteer to stay for the later departure in 4 hours?” And the gate attendant was anxiously waiting for someone to volunteer.
I looked around and saw businessmen needing to work, moms needing to meet their kids, kids needing to see their friends. Even though I wanted to be home just as much as anyone, something inside me said that I should extend some kindness to this group of strangers.
I picked up my bag, approached the desk, and told the gate attendant my decision. Smile spread on the face of her. As she was processing my ticket, I was happy to see all the other passengers could now board their flight and I had been able to help. The attendant handed me my boarding pass for the later flight and another piece of paper, then said, “This is for your kindness.” I saw that it was a 700-dollar voucher to fly anywhere in the world during the next year!
I got to my new gate and took a seat next to a power outlet so that my laptop would make it through the extra four hours. 1 rescheduled that important call. And then I got a lot of work done, which was a wonderful silver lining.
When my flight started boarding, I was surprised to discover that my new boarding pass was for a seat in first class. I thought about how grateful I was for everything that had happened, and how it was all because of the chain effects of kindness. I gave with the intention to serve others, with no thought of reward, and that kindness was returned to me with an amazing upgrade.
24. The airport announcement was made to ______.
A. ask someone to take next flight
B. give information about a delayed flight
C. inform that the flight was about to take off
D. tell passengers the flight had been cancelled
25. What made the author off or to volunteer?
A. A reward of 700 dollars B. An offer of first-class seat.
C. The request of the attendant. D. His concern about other passengers.
26. How did the author think about his extra 4-hour stay at the airport?
A. Boring but productive. B. Challenging but acceptable.
C. Satisfying and efficient. D. Relaxing and worthwhile.
27. What is the best title of the passage?
A. Every Effort Counts B. Time Is Treasure
C. Patience Is Appreciated D. Kindness Gives Back
学科网（北京）股份有限公司
$
Unit 5 Humans and Nature
单元重点单词短语句型语法精练
参考答案
考点夯基攻坚
小题夯基·精准突破
一、词汇练习
答案：1.were shocked 2.measures 3.escaped 4.survive 5.Rescue 6.were trapped 7.attempt 8.have proved 9.damage 10.shelter
二、短语练习
答案：1.on the edge of 2.were curious about 3.are covered with 4.have received…from 5.cried out 6.have difficulty(in) 7.has run out of 8.broke down 9.ahead of 10.Tie;to
三、语法练习
答案：1.where 2.where 3.when 4.where 5.that/which 6.that/which 7.when 8.where 9.when 10.why
四、翻译句子
答案：1.I will never forget the day when I joined the army. 2.This is the house where I lived two years ago. 3.The reason why he was late for work is that he overslept. 4.This is the hospital where my mother works. 5.I still remember the days when we worked together on the farm.
综合攻坚·知能拔高
一、完形填空
答案：1.D 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.A 6.C 7.B 8.C 9.B 10.D
二、语法填空
A：11.excited 12.what 13.was flying/flew B：14.is considered/has been considered 15.in 16.easily 17.teeth C：18.but 19.helps 20.more creative
三、阅读理解
A：21.B 22.B 23.A B：24.A 25.D 26.C 27.D
学科网（北京）股份有限公司
$
学科网（北京）股份有限公司
学科网（北京）股份有限公司
Unit 5 Humans and Nature
单元重点单词短语句型语法精练
（时间：60分钟，满分：100分）
教材考点概览
一、重点词汇
Topic talk
disaster, flood, drought, hurricane, wildlife, comment, crowded, living, deer, insect, whale, dolphin, shark, kangaroo, eagle, fox, soil, climate, jungle, shock, lecture, overuse, million, greenhouse, title
Lesson 1
wave, escape, survive, file, soul, frightened, horrible, edge, curious, observation, equal, extent, tube
Lesson 2
rescue, trap, attempt, interrupt, death, loss, damage, measure, operation, overseas, site, process, duty, conduct, protection, lamp, nearby, breathe, dust
Lesson 3
explorer, preparation, ski, boot, captain, base, anxiously, ambition, exploration, cheerful, prove, distant, honesty, bravery
Writing workshop
brochure, shelter, observe, metal
Reading club 1
varied, scary, harmless, skiing
Reading club 2
disappearance
二、重点短语
Topic talk
turn one’s back (on sb./sth.), be covered with, noise pollution, as a result, feel pain, suffer from, make use of, be shocked at
Lesson 1
survive a storm, on the edge of, risk doing, all at once, in such a way, at great speed, become curious about, fall into, in the direction of, as if, move toward, after a while, be curious about, make observations, expect to do
Lesson 2
rescue teams, search for, breathe in, run out, save lives, sound like, take part, provide medical help, under pressure, rescue attempt, move away from, stay away, knock on, end the conversation, so as to
Lesson 3
receive a message, race to, break down, the return journey, ahead of, lose the goal of, hopeless situation, at one time, in the distant past, in preparation for, the first to leave, make progress, have difficulties with, on one’s way back/to, carry on, fail to, win the race
Writing workshop
survive a disaster, give advice on, hold on, if possible, avoid doing, open area, stay calm, protect from…
Viewing workshop
compare to, enable sb. to do
Reading club 1
be home to, be native to, a total area of, as well as, from place to place, a common saying, be made up of, square kilometers, national parks
Reading club 2
a pack of, upset the natural balance, be based on, take good care of, at one point, leave sb. with…, bring disaster to…, negative effects
三、长难句理解：
1. My two brothers and I were coming back from the islands where we often risked going and got more fish than others.
结构拆解：
主句为 My two brothers and I were coming back from the islands；其后接 where 引导的定语从句 where we often risked going and got more fish than others，修饰先行词 islands。定语从句中，risked going 和 got more fish 为并列谓语，than others 为比较状语（省略了 got）。
译文： 我和我的两个兄弟正从那些岛屿返回，我们经常冒险去那里，并且捕到的鱼总比别人多。
2. I began to think how amazing a thing it was to die in such a way, and how wonderful it was to see the power of nature.
结构拆解：
主句为 I began to think；后接 and 连接的两个并列宾语从句：how amazing a thing it was to die in such a way 和 how wonderful it was to see the power of nature。每个宾语从句中，it 为形式主语，真正主语分别为 to die in such a way 和 to see the power of nature；how amazing 和 how wonderful 为感叹句结构作表语前置。
译文： 我开始思考，以这样一种方式死去是多么惊人的事，而见识到大自然的力量又是多么奇妙。
3. The reason why I’m here to tell the story is that I made the right decision.
结构拆解：
主语为 The reason，后接 why 引导的定语从句 why I'm here to tell the story 修饰 reason；系动词为 is；表语为 that 引导的表语从句 that I made the right decision。
译文： 我之所以在这里讲述这个故事，是因为我做了正确的决定。
4. The waves soon carried me to an area where the other fishermen were.
结构拆解：
主句为 The waves soon carried me to an area；其后接 where 引导的定语从句 where the other fishermen were，修饰先行词 area。
译文： 海浪很快把我带到了其他渔民所在的那片区域。
5. Then came the total darkness of the polar winter.
结构拆解：
本句为完全倒装句，正常语序为 The total darkness of the polar winter came then。为强调时间状语 then 并使描写更生动，将 then 置于句首，谓语 came 移至主语 the total darkness of the polar winter 之前。无从句嵌套。
译文： 随后，极地冬季的完全黑暗降临了。
6. Though we tried to stop him, we knew that it was the act of a brave man and an English gentleman.
结构拆解：
Though we tried to stop him 为让步状语从句，修饰主句；主句为 we knew... ，后接 that 引导的宾语从句 that it was the act of a brave man and an English gentleman。宾语从句中，it 指代上文提及的某件事（即那位男士的行为）。
译文： 虽然我们试图阻止他，但我们知道，那是一个勇敢的人、一位英国绅士的举动。
四、语法核心规则和难点提示
the+比较级...，the+比较级... 意为"越......，越......"
例如：
The harder you work, the better you will be at it.
The sooner, the better.
定语从句
1. 关系副词 where 和 when 引导的定语从句提供地点和时间方面的信息。
例如：
This is the place where I lost my purse.
Marco Polo travelled to China, where there were inventions and developments at that time.
She still remembers the day when Bill first walked into her office.
I'll never forget the day when I first met this great inventor.
2. 在 reason 后使用 why 来引导定语从句。
例如：
Do you know the reason why he's so angry with me?
Could you tell me the reason why you waste time going to the bank when you can do your banking online?
有时，reason 后面的 why 可以省略，或者使用 that。
例如：
The reason (that) he's coughing so badly is because of the smog.
3. 关系副词和"介词+关系代词"有时可以互相替换。
例如：
This is the room where (=in which) he used to live.
难点提示：
1. "介词+关系代词"引导定语从句时，介词根据在从句中的搭配确定。
例如：
She lost the pen for which she had paid twenty dollars.
She lost the pen on which she had spent twenty dollars.
2. 关系代词和关系副词的区分，主要看从句中缺少的成分。即：把先行词放到从句中，从句如果正确，则需要关系代词；否则需要关系副词或者"介词+关系代词"。
例如：
The child often goes to the store ______ sells all kinds of toys.
把先行词 the store 放到从句中，从句正确，所以填关系代词 which/that。
例如：
The child often goes to the store ______ all kinds of toys are sold.
把先行词 the store 放到从句中，从句不正确，所以填关系副词 where。
考点夯基攻坚
小题夯基·精准突破
一、词汇练习
从方框中选择恰当的单词填入句子中，注意使用其正确形式。
measure prove trap survive rescue
attempt shock damage shelter escape
1）We _____________ at the news that he passed away the night before.
2）We should take ____________ to protect endangered animals.
3）Although he was late for school, he _________ from punishment.
4）These plants cannot _________ in very cold conditions.
5）___________ workers arrived at the scene two hours later.
6）Twenty miners ________________ underground, but soon they were rescued.
7）She passed her driving test at the first ____________.
8）Up to now, lots of tests ______________ that the system works.
9) These chemicals have been found to cause serious environmental ___________.
10) All of a sudden, it began to rain heavily and we hurried to seek __________.
【答案解析】
1. 解析：shock是动词“使震惊”，固定搭配be shocked at“对……感到震惊”；从句为一般过去时，主语是we，be动词用were。句意：听到他前一晚去世的消息，我们感到很震惊。
2. 解析：measure是名词“措施”；固定搭配take measures to do sth.“采取措施做某事”，measure要变为复数measures。句意：我们应当采取措施保护濒危动物。
3. 解析：escape是动词“逃避”；固定搭配escape from“逃避”；从句为一般过去时，escape变为过去式escaped。句意：虽然他上学迟到了，但他逃过了惩罚。
4. 解析：survive是动词“生存，存活”；情态动词cannot后面需要接动词原形。句意：这些植物在严寒环境下无法存活。
5. 解析：rescue是名词，此处作定语修饰workers，rescue workers固定表达“救援人员”。句意：救援人员两小时后抵达现场。
6. 解析：trap是动词“使困住”；miners和trap为被动关系，用be trapped“被困”；后文were rescued提示一般过去时，主语复数，be动词用were。句意：二十名矿工被困地下，但很快他们就获救了。
7. 解析：attempt是名词“尝试”；固定搭配at the first attempt“第一次尝试”。句意：她第一次尝试就通过了驾照考试。
8. 解析：prove是动词“证明”；时间标志up to now“到目前为止”，要用现在完成时；主语tests是复数，故用have proved。句意：到目前为止，大量测试已经证明这套系统有效。
9. 解析：damage是不可数名词“损害，破坏”；environmental damage“环境破坏”。句意：人们发现这些化学物质会造成严重的环境破坏。
10. 解析：shelter是名词“庇护处，躲避处”；seek shelter“寻找庇护、避雨”。句意：突然下起大雨，我们急忙找地方避雨。
二、短语练习
从方框中选择恰当的短语填入句子中，注意使用其正确形式。
ahead of be curious about receive …from have difficulty（in）doing cry out run out (of) break down be covered with tie…to on the edge of
1）Hearing the news of his son’s death, she was ___________ despair.
2）They ___________ the people who lived upstairs.
3）In winter, most parts of our village ____________ snow.
4）Since I left my hometown, I ___________ many letters ___________ my parents.
5）She ____________ for help when a young man robbed her handbag.
6）Visitors usually ____________ finding hotel accommodation during the summer.
7）He ___________ food; his children are hungry.
8）On my way to the station my car ___________, so I had to call vehicle rescue service.
9）With the joint efforts of everyone, we finished the task ___________ our planned schedule.
10）_________ your bike _________ a tree so as to prevent it from being stolen.
1. 解析：on the edge of为固定短语，意为“濒临……”；on the edge of despair“濒临绝望”。句意：听到儿子死亡的消息，她濒临绝望。
2. 解析：be curious about“对……好奇”；根据从句lived判断为一般过去时，主语they，be动词用were。句意：他们对住在楼上的人很好奇。
3. 解析：be covered with“被……覆盖”；主语most parts为复数，描述客观常态，用一般现在时，be动词用are。句意：冬天，我们村子的大部分地区被白雪覆盖。
4. 解析：receive…from…“从……收到……”；since引导时间状语从句，主句使用现在完成时；主语I，故用have received …from。句意：自从离开家乡，我已经收到很多父母寄来的信。
5. 解析：cry out“大声呼喊”；when引导的从句为一般过去时，cry out变为过去式cried out。句意：当一名男子抢夺她手提包时，她大声呼救。
6. 解析：have difficulty in doing sth.“做某事有困难”；usually表示一般现在时，主语visitors为复数，短语保持原形。句意：游客在夏天常常很难找到酒店住处。
7. 解析：run out of“用完”，主语为人；本句强调已经用完的结果，使用现在完成时，主语he，故用has run out of。句意：他已经把食物吃光了，他的孩子们都饿了。
8. 解析：break down“（车辆）出故障”；后文had提示一般过去时，break的过去式为broke。句意：在去车站的路上我的车坏了，我只好呼叫车辆救援。
9. 解析：ahead of“在……之前”；ahead of schedule“提前”。句意：在所有人共同努力下，我们提前完成任务。
10. 解析：tie…to…“把……拴到……”；本句是祈使句，动词原形置于句首。句意：把你的自行车拴到树上，防止被盗。
三、语法练习
用恰当的关系代词或关系副词填空。
1. I still live in the place ______ I was born.
2. It is a challenging job ______ you are doing something serious but interesting.
3. It also keeps a record of the date ______ they will travel.
4. The big tree stood at the place ______ the roads meet.
5. This is the reason ______ he gave us.
6. This is the school ______ we built last year.
7. I'll never forget the day ______ I won the first prize in the 100-metre race in school.
8. Many countries are setting up national parks ______ animals and plants can be protected.
9. We went through the period ______ communications were quite difficult in rural areas.
10. The reason ______ he didn't go to school yesterday was that he was ill.
【答案解析】
1. where
解析：先行词是 the place，定语从句 I was born 缺少地点状语（“我出生在这个地方”），关系词在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词 where。
2. where
解析：先行词是 a challenging job，从句 you are doing something serious but interesting 表示“你在工作中做某事”，缺少地点状语，故用 where。
3. when
解析：先行词是 the date，从句 they will travel 缺少时间状语（“他们在该日期旅行”），故用关系副词 when。
4. where
解析：先行词是 the place，从句 the roads meet 缺少地点状语（“道路在该处交汇”），故用 where。
5. that / which
解析：先行词是 the reason，从句 he gave us 中动词 gave 缺少宾语（“他给我们的理由”），先行词指物，且关系代词在从句中作宾语，故用关系代词 that 或 which（口语中可省略，但填空填此二者均可）。
6. that / which
解析：先行词是 the school，从句 we built last year 中动词 built 缺少宾语（“我们去年建的学校”），先行词指物，关系代词作宾语，故用 that 或 which。
7. when
解析：先行词是 the day，从句 I won the first prize in the 100-metre race in school 缺少时间状语（“在那天赢得比赛”），故用关系副词 when。
8. where
解析：先行词是 national parks，从句 animals and plants can be protected 缺少地点状语（“在公园里受到保护”），故用 where。
9. when
解析：先行词是 the period，从句 communications were quite difficult in rural areas 缺少时间状语（“在那个时期通信困难”），故用 when。
10. why
解析：先行词是 the reason，从句 he didn't go to school yesterday 说明原因，缺少原因状语，先行词为 reason 时固定用关系副词 why 引导定语从句。
四、翻译下列句子
1）我将永远不会忘记我参军的那一天。
2）这是我两年前居住的房子。
3）他迟到是因为他睡过头了。
4）这是我妈妈工作的医院。
5）我仍然记得我们一起在农场劳动的日子。
【答案解析】
1. 答案：I will never forget the day when I joined the army.
解析：先行词the day表示时间，关系副词when引导定语从句，在从句中作时间状语；join the army为固定短语，意为“参军”。句意：我将永远不会忘记我参军的那一天。
2. 答案：This is the house where I lived two years ago.
解析：先行词the house表示地点，关系副词where引导定语从句，在从句中作地点状语，where可等同于in which。句意：这是我两年前居住的房子。
3. 答案：The reason why he was late for work is that he overslept.
解析：考查固定句型The reason why…is that…；why引导定语从句修饰先行词the reason；that引导表语从句，不能用because替换；be late for意为“迟到”。句意：他迟到是因为他睡过头了。
4. 答案：This is the hospital where my mother works.
解析：先行词the hospital表示地点，where引导定语从句，在从句中充当地点状语。句意：这是我妈妈工作的医院。
5. 答案：I still remember the days when we worked together on the farm.
解析：先行词the days表示时间，when引导定语从句并在从句中作时间状语；on the farm是固定搭配，意为“在农场”。句意：我仍然记得我们一起在农场劳动的日子。
综合攻坚·知能拔高
一、完形填空（共10小题，每小题1. 5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
For a long time Gabriel didn’t want to be involved in music at all. In his first years of high school, Gabriel would look pityingly at music students, ___1___ across the campus with their heavy instrument cases, turning up at school for practice hours ___2___ anyone else had to be there. He swore to himself to avoid music, as he hated getting to school extra early.
However, one day, in the music class that was part of his school’s standard curriculum, he was playing idly (随意地) on the piano and found it easy to pick out tunes. With a sinking feeling, he realized that he actually ___3___ doing it. He tried to hide his ___4___ pleasure from the music teacher, who had wandered over to listen. He might not have done this particularly well, because the teacher told Gabriel that he had a good ___5___ and suggested that Gabriel go into the music storeroom to see if any of the instruments there ___6___ him. There he decided to give the cello (大提琴) a ___7___. When he began practicing, he took it very ___8___. But he quickly found that he loved playing this instrument, and was committed to practicing it so that within a couple of months he was playing reasonably well.
This meant, of course, that he arrived at school only in the morning ___9___ his heavy instrument case across the campus to the ___10___ looks of the non-musicians he had left behind.
1. A. travelling B. marching C. pacing D. struggling
2. A. before B. after C. until D. since
3. A. missed B. disliked C. enjoyed D. denied
4. A. strange B. obvious C. false D. similar
5. A. ear B. taste C. heart D. voice
6. A. occurred to B. took to C. appealed to D. held to
7. A. change B. chance C. mission D. function
8. A. seriously B. proudly C. casually D. naturally
9. A. pushing B. dragging C. lifting D. rushing
10. A. admiring B. teasing C. annoying D. pitying
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. A 6. C 7. B 8. C 9. B 10. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了学生Gabriel原本讨厌音乐，但在音乐课上发现自己有音乐天赋，从而爱上大提琴并坚持练习的故事。他克服了怕早起和背乐器的困难，最终成为一名不错的演奏者。
【1题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他高中的头几年，Gabriel会怜悯地看着音乐系的学生，他们拿着沉重的乐器箱，艰难地在校园里穿梭，比任何人都早到学校练习。A. travelling旅行；B. marching行军；C. pacing踱步；D. struggling挣扎，艰难行进。根据后文“with their heavy instrument cases”可知，这些音乐系的学生拿着沉重的乐器箱，在校园里艰难地行走。故选D项。
【2题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：在他高中的头几年，Gabriel会怜悯地看着音乐系的学生，他们拿着沉重的乐器箱，艰难地在校园里穿梭，比任何人都早到学校练习。A. before在……之前；B. after在……之后；C. until直到；D. since自从。根据后文“anyone else had to be there”以及“he hated getting to school extra early”可知，这些音乐系的学生比任何人都早到学校练习，before符合语境。故选A项。
【3题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他带着一种沮丧的心情意识到，他实际上喜欢这样做。A. missed错过，想念；B. disliked不喜欢；C. enjoyed喜欢；D. denied否认。根据后文“he loved playing this instrument”可知，Gabriel发现自己实际上喜欢弹钢琴。故选C项。
【4题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他试图向音乐老师隐藏自己明显的喜悦，老师走过来听他弹奏。A. strange奇怪的；B. obvious明显的；C. false错误的；D. similar相似的。根据后文“the teacher told Gabriel that he had a good”以及“suggested that Gabriel go into the music storeroom”可知，Gabriel对弹钢琴的喜悦是明显的，老师也发现了这一点。故选B项。
【5题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：老师告诉Gabriel他有一个好耳朵，并建议Gabriel去音乐储藏室看看有没有任何乐器吸引他。A. ear耳朵；B. taste品味；C. heart心；D. voice声音。根据后文“and suggested that Gabriel go into the music storeroom to see if any of the instruments there”可知，老师认为Gabriel在音乐方面有天赋，即有一个好耳朵。故选A项。
【6题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：老师告诉Gabriel他有一个好耳朵，并建议Gabriel去音乐储藏室看看有没有任何乐器吸引他。A. occurred to想到；B. took to喜欢上；C. appealed to吸引；D. held to坚持。根据后文“There he decided to give the cello a”可知，老师建议Gabriel去音乐储藏室看看有没有任何乐器吸引他，从而决定选择哪种乐器。故选C项。
【7题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那里，他决定给大提琴一个机会。A. change改变；B. chance机会；C. mission任务；D. function功能。根据后文“When he began practicing, he took it very”以及“he loved playing this instrument”可知，Gabriel决定给大提琴一个机会，尝试练习它。故选B项。
【8题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：当他开始练习时，他非常随意地对待它。A. seriously认真地；B. proudly骄傲地；C. casually随意地；D. naturally自然地。根据后文“But he quickly found that he loved playing this instrument, and was committed to practicing it so that within a couple of months he was playing reasonably well.”可知，上下文之间为转折关系，所以此处指的是Gabriel开始是随意的练习，但是很快发现自己喜欢演奏乐器，符合逻辑。故选C项。
【9题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这意味着，当然，他早上才到学校，拖着沉重的乐器箱穿过校园，面对着他曾经留下的非音乐系学生怜悯的目光。A. pushing推；B. dragging拖；C. lifting举起；D. rushing冲。根据后文“his heavy instrument case”以及“across the campus”可知，Gabriel拖着沉重的乐器箱穿过校园。故选B项。
【10题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这意味着，当然，他早上才到学校，拖着沉重的乐器箱穿过校园，面对着他曾经留下的非音乐系学生怜悯的目光。A. admiring钦佩的；B. teasing取笑的；C. annoying恼怒的；D. pitying怜悯的。根据第一段中“Gabriel would look pityingly at music students”可知，Gabriel曾经怜悯地看着音乐系的学生，现在轮到他面对非音乐系学生怜悯的目光了。故选D项。
二、语法填空
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Once it snowed, I netted a bird. Holding it in my hands, I felt very ____11____ (excite). My father saw it and said he could turn this black bird into a colorful one. I didn’t believe ____12____ he said but decided to give it a go. I opened my hands and saw that the bird was edged with the color of the sunshine when it ____13____ (fly) in the sky freely. My father said no matter how beautiful a bird was, it would turn black when it was grasped in our hands and lost freedom.
【答案】11. excited 12. what 13. was flying##flew
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述作者抓住一只鸟并在父亲的劝说下将它放飞的故事。
【11题详解】
考查形容词。句意：将它握在手中，我感到非常兴奋。空处作表语，表示人物感受，用excited“激动的，兴奋的”。故填excited。
【12题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：我不相信他说的话，但还是决定试一试。believe后为宾语从句，从句部分缺少said的宾语，表示事物，用连接代词what引导从句。故填what。
【13题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：我张开双手，看到那只鸟在天空中自由飞翔时，身上呈现出阳光般的色彩。when引导时间状语从句，根据句意可知，表示当时鸟儿飞翔的过程，用过去进行时。主语it为第三人称单数，be动词用was。或者用一般过去时表示过去的动作。故填was flying或flew。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The tiger shark ____14____ (consider) to be one of the most dangerous sharks in the world. Why are tiger sharks so dangerous? First, they like to live ____15____ waters where humans usually swim, so the chances of an encounter are much greater. Second, tiger sharks are so strong and aggressive that they can ____16____ (easy) hit a person. And third, tiger sharks have ____17____ (tooth) perfectly designed for cutting their food, so it is certain that the damage will be disastrous.
【答案】14. is considered##has been considered 15. in 16. easily 17. teeth
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为什么虎鲨如此危险。
【14题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：虎鲨被认为是世界上最危险的鲨鱼之一。这是一个客观事实，可以用一般现在时，或者这是到目前为止一种认知，所以也可以用现在完成时。主语是the tiger shark，是单数形式，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。而且“虎鲨”跟“认为”之间是被动关系，所以也要用被动语态。故填is considered/has been considered。
【15题详解】
考查介词。句意：首先，它们喜欢生活在人类经常游泳的水域，所以遇到它们的几率要大得多。虎鲨生活在水里，要用介词in。故填in。
【16题详解】
考查副词。句意：第二，虎鲨是如此的强壮和有攻击性，它们可以轻易地攻击一个人。hit是动词，修饰动词要用副词。故填easily。
【17题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：第三，虎鲨有完美的设计来切割食物的牙齿，所以肯定会造成灾难性的破坏。空处作have的宾语，表示泛指，用复数形式teeth。故填teeth。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
You never get a second chance to make a first impression, which may sound like an unusual piece of advice, ____18____ it is true. So how do you make a good first impression? The most important tool is your face. Smiling, being responsive, and looking like you are happy almost always leave a positive impression on people. Furthermore, being in a positive mood ____19____ (help) you to get a better understanding of new things. This means that you can possibly be friendlier to people you do not know and be ____20____ (creative) and able to solve problems more quickly.
【答案】18. but 19. helps 20. more creative
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何才能给别人留下良好的第一印象。
【18题详解】
考查连词。句意：你永远不会有第二次机会来留下第一印象，这听起来可能是个不太寻常的建议，但却是事实。空处前后文意思为转折关系，用并列连词but连接。故填but。
【19题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：此外，保持积极的心态有助于你更好地理解新事物。空处作谓语，动名词作主语，句子描述客观情况，谓语用第三人称单数helps。故填helps。
【20题详解】
考查形容词的比较级。句意：这意味着，你或许能够对那些你不认识的人更加友好，并且能够更具创造力，从而更快地解决问题。根据前文的friendlier及后文的more quickly及语境可知，空处用形容词比较级作表语，creative比较级为more creative。故填more creative。
三、阅读理解
A
The Great Wall Marathon is designed to be more than just a race. We want you to be able to run in amazing places, surrounded by friendly people, and exposed to new cultural experiences. It’s not just about the race — it’s about enjoying time together with family, friends, and other running minded spirits.
Itinerary
17 May 2023 Welcome to Jizhou, Tianjin
18 May 2023 Route Inspection Day
19 May 2023 Relaxation in Jizhou with tour option
20 May 2023 Race Day
21 May 2023 Explore Beijing & Evening Celebration Party
22 May 2023 Farewell China
※On Route Inspection Day, the Race Officials will provide you with a Race Briefing, which will cover everything from a weather forecast to a brief presentation of the start/finish procedures. All runners are expected to walk the 3.5 km section of the wall that is part of the marathon, half-marathon and 8.5 km Fun Run course. Race Officials and Medical Staff will be present to answer any questions you may have.
Rules & Regulations
Full marathon runners must be at least 18 years old on Race Day. Half-marathon runners must be at least 16 years old. Fun Run participants must be at least 12 years old. Fun Run participants under the age of 12 are also welcome, so long as they are accompanied by a runner aged 16 or above.
The cut-off time for all distance events is 8 hours. All runners with a net finishing time slower than 8 hours will receive a FNT (Finished No Time) on the result list.
If you decide to change distances during the race, i.e. if a half-marathon runner decides to follow the marathon route, he or she will receive a certificate but not an official time. The race result will read FNT. The same applies to a marathon runner who changes distances during the race. All runners who change distances before Race Day will be registered accordingly and receive an official time.
Visa Information
6 — 8 weeks prior to the race you will receive the service voucher which you can use for acquiring a visa.
For more details, please visit us online at www.greatwallmarathon.com.
21. What will participants do on Route Inspection Day?
A. Enjoy the Fun Run. B. Join in a 3.5 km walk.
C. Get medical insurance. D. Attend a training course.
22. According to the rules, full marathon participants ______.
A. will receive a FNT on the result list B. can change distances on Race Day.
C. should be at least 12 years old D. will be awarded medals
23. What is the purpose of the passage?
A. To advertise a sport event. B. To promote a cultural tour.
C. To introduce a marathon camp. D. To publicize a place of interest.
【答案】21. B 22. B 23. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了长城马拉松比赛，包括比赛的行程、规则和条例以及签证信息。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据小标题Itinerary中的内容“All runners are expected to walk the 3.5 km section of the wall that is part of the marathon, half-marathon and 8.5 km Fun Run course.（所有的参赛者都将在马拉松、半程马拉松和8.5公里的趣味跑中走完这段3.5公里长的城墙。）”可知，参加者在路线检查日会参加3.5公里的步行。故选B项。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据小标题Rules & Regulations中第三段中的第一句“If you decide to change distances during the race, i.e. if a half-marathon runner decides to follow the marathon route, he or she will receive a certificate but not an official time.（如果你决定在比赛中改变距离，也就是说，如果一个半程马拉松选手决定沿着马拉松路线跑，他或她将收到一个证书，但不是官方的时间。）”可知，按照规定，全程马拉松参赛者可以在比赛的过程中改变距离。故选B项。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段内容“The Great Wall Marathon is designed to be more than just a race. We want you to be able to run in amazing places, surrounded by friendly people, and exposed to new cultural experiences. It’s not just about the race—it’s about enjoying time together with family, friends, and other running minded spirits.（长城马拉松的设计不仅仅是一场比赛。我们希望您能够在令人惊叹的地方跑步，周围都是友好的人，并接触到新的文化体验。这不仅仅是关于比赛，而是关于与家人、朋友和其他有跑步精神的人一起享受时光。）”可知，这篇文章的目的是宣传本次的马拉松比赛，吸引人报名参与。因此A项“为体育赛事做广告”符合。故选A项。
B
I had a quick short stay in Detroit Airport before heading home. Knowing my gate number, I got there with 5 minutes to spare and stood waiting for “Gate 3” to be called.
I was already very tired and had an important call scheduled for an hour after I was set to get home. But then I heard the announcement, “It seems we have overbooked the flight. Would anyone care to volunteer to stay for the later departure in 4 hours?” And the gate attendant was anxiously waiting for someone to volunteer.
I looked around and saw businessmen needing to work, moms needing to meet their kids, kids needing to see their friends. Even though I wanted to be home just as much as anyone, something inside me said that I should extend some kindness to this group of strangers.
I picked up my bag, approached the desk, and told the gate attendant my decision. Smile spread on the face of her. As she was processing my ticket, I was happy to see all the other passengers could now board their flight and I had been able to help. The attendant handed me my boarding pass for the later flight and another piece of paper, then said, “This is for your kindness.” I saw that it was a 700-dollar voucher to fly anywhere in the world during the next year!
I got to my new gate and took a seat next to a power outlet so that my laptop would make it through the extra four hours. 1 rescheduled that important call. And then I got a lot of work done, which was a wonderful silver lining.
When my flight started boarding, I was surprised to discover that my new boarding pass was for a seat in first class. I thought about how grateful I was for everything that had happened, and how it was all because of the chain effects of kindness. I gave with the intention to serve others, with no thought of reward, and that kindness was returned to me with an amazing upgrade.
24. The airport announcement was made to ______.
A. ask someone to take next flight
B. give information about a delayed flight
C. inform that the flight was about to take off
D. tell passengers the flight had been cancelled
25. What made the author off or to volunteer?
A. A reward of 700 dollars B. An offer of first-class seat.
C. The request of the attendant. D. His concern about other passengers.
26. How did the author think about his extra 4-hour stay at the airport?
A. Boring but productive. B. Challenging but acceptable.
C. Satisfying and efficient. D. Relaxing and worthwhile.
27. What is the best title of the passage?
A. Every Effort Counts B. Time Is Treasure
C. Patience Is Appreciated D. Kindness Gives Back
【答案】24. A 25. D 26. C 27. D
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇夹叙夹议文。作者乘坐的航班，因超额预定，需要有人自愿改签下一个航班，作者主动表示善意，让其他乘客能如愿登机，在滞留机场的4个小时中，作者高效率完成了很多工作，而这次主动改签，他不但收到了航空公司送的代金券，还坐上了头等舱。小小的善举产生了连锁效应，作者得到了大大的回报。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“But then I heard the announcement, ‘It seems we have overbooked the flight. Would anyone care to volunteer to stay for the later departure in 4 hours?’ And the gate attendant was anxiously waiting for someone to volunteer.(但随后我听到广播说:‘我们的航班似乎超额预定了。’有人愿意为4小时后起飞的飞机留下来吗？门口的服务员正焦急地等着有人来做志愿者。)”可知，机场广播通知乘客，这个航班因预定人数过多，希望有人自愿放弃乘坐这个航班，改签下一个航班。故选A项。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“I looked around and saw businessmen needing to work, moms needing to meet their kids, kids needing to see their friends. Even though I wanted to be home just as much as anyone, something inside me said that I should extend some kindness to this group of strangers.(我环顾四周，看到商人们需要工作，妈妈们需要见孩子，孩子们需要见朋友。尽管我和其他人一样想回家，但我内心深处有个声音告诉我，我应该向这群陌生人表达一些善意。)”可知，作者考虑到其他乘客的需求，主动表示善意，愿意乘坐下一个航班，让其他乘客能如愿登机。故选D项。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“I got to my new gate and took a seat next to a power outlet so that my laptop would make it through the extra four hours. 1 rescheduled that important call. And then I got a lot of work done, which was a wonderful silver lining.(我到了新登机口，坐在电源插座旁边，这样我的笔记本电脑就能撑过这额外的四个小时。我重新安排了那个重要的电话。然后我完成了很多工作，这是很好的一线希望。)”可知，作者在机场的四个小时中，干完了好多工作，重新安排了电话时间，根据“a silver lining”可推断，作者认为这4个小时中工作效率不错，整体上是令他满意的。故选C项。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，以及最后一段第二句开始“I thought about how grateful I was for everything that had happened, and how it was all because of the chain effects of kindness. I gave with the intention to serve others, with no thought of reward, and that kindness was returned to me with an amazing upgrade.(我想到我是多么感激所发生的一切，这一切都是因为善良的连锁效应。我的付出是为了服务他人，而不是为了回报，而回报给我的是一种令人惊讶的提升。)”可推断，本文与kindness有关，D项“Kindness Gives Back”，意为“善良回馈”，与文章主题贴切。故选D项。
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