Unit 4 Information Technology单词短语句型语法（教材考点精练）英语北师大版必修第二册

学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 Unit 4 Information Technology 单元重点单词短语句型语法精练 （时间：60分钟，满分：100分） 教材考点概览 一、重点词汇 Topic talk app, enable, convenience, effect, self-focused, addicted, indeed, download, recommendation, super, explore, personality, admit Lesson 1 image, trick, identity, variety, instant, sex, sensible, creativity, blog, obviously, experiment, nowadays, hairstyle, selection, type, concern, cheat, view Lesson 2 accommodation, powerful, latest, reality, ensure, material, press, button, goods, favour, confirm, deliver, error Lesson 3 harm, argument, replace, hug, concentrate, concerned, rewarding, addition, content, basis, percent, opinion, focus, maintain, smartphone, limiting, brief, creative, authority Writing workshop location, imaginary, series, author, amazing, policy Reading club 1 sailor 二、重点短语 Topic talk information technology; provide convenience; feel less lonely; develop new friendships; live in an unreal world; face-to-face communication; chat online; be addicted to; download lots of apps Lesson 1 express myself freely; instead of; create real/digital identities; avoid online safety risks; a variety of; instant messenger; more or less; experiment with; type in your message; attend classes; cause a few concerns; in virtual worlds; cheat others; look forward to; support one’s opinion Lesson 2 book tickets; book accommodation; order food; find direction; subscribe to newspapers; solve real-world problems; general functions; develop an app; the latest technology; mobile device; virtual reality; call for; personal interests and needs; learning materials; set up an account; press the “Finish” button; receive the goods; do sb. a favour Lesson 3 no replacement for; show kindness to others; direct contact; enable sb. to do; develop lifelong friendships; be concerned with; in addition; form meaningful relationships; on the basis of trust; in my opinion; focus on; maintain healthy relationships; stay in touch with; take time; give a brief response to; care for; bring people closer; point out; the benefit of Writing workshop a personal profile; explore the unknown world; do an amazing job; have a lot in common Viewing workshop printed books; be replaced by; the latest news; meet people’s various reading interests Reading club 1 be amazed by; ancient Chinese customs; move around; conduct business; come alive; in detail; make the art accessible to the world; combine...and...; invaluable paintings Reading club 2 keep track of; long-lasting battery; plan your exercise routine; a wide range of; adapt to; easy-to-use stopwatch and timer 三、长难句理解： 1. When people started creating their own avatars, they discovered that they were going to have the power to create new identities that did not look or act like their real selves at all. 结构拆解： 时间状语从句 When people started creating their own avatars 修饰主句；主句为 they discovered... ，后接 that 引导的宾语从句 that they were going to have the power to create new identities；该宾语从句中嵌套 that 引导的定语从句 that did not look or act like their real selves at all，修饰先行词 new identities。 译文： 当人们开始创建自己的虚拟形象时，他们发现自己将有能力创造全新的身份，这些身份的外表和举止完全可以和真实自我完全不同。 2. Most people create avatars that have similar features to their personalities and that look more or less like them and act like them. 结构拆解： 主句为 Most people create avatars；其后接两个并列的 that 引导的定语从句 that have similar features to their personalities 和 that look more or less like them and act like them，共同修饰先行词 avatars。第二个定语从句中，look more or less like them 和 act like them 为并列谓语。 译文： 大多数人创建的虚拟形象，其特征与自身性格相似，外观上或多或少与自己相像，行为方式也和自己一致。 3. Friendships are built on the basis of trust, and with online communication you can never be 100 percent sure that the people you are chatting to are being honest about who they are. 结构拆解： and 连接两个并列分句。第一个分句为 Friendships are built on the basis of trust。第二个分句为 with online communication you can never be 100 percent sure...，其中 sure 后接 that 引导的宾语从句 that the people you are chatting to are being honest about who they are；该宾语从句中，you are chatting to 是省略了关系代词的定语从句，修饰 the people；who they are 为 about 的宾语从句。 译文： 友谊建立在信任的基础之上，而在网上交流时，你永远无法百分百确定正在聊天的人在身份问题上是否诚实。 4. The good news for art lovers who cannot travel, and for the caves themselves is that scientists have created a 360-degree, 3D digital projection of the caves. 结构拆解： 主语为 The good news，后接介词短语 for art lovers who cannot travel, and for the caves themselves 作定语，其中 who cannot travel 为定语从句修饰 art lovers；系动词为 is；表语为 that 引导的表语从句 that scientists have created a 360-degree, 3D digital projection of the caves。 译文： 对于无法出行的艺术爱好者以及洞穴本身而言，好消息是科学家们已经创建了一个360度3D数字投影的洞穴影像。 四、语法核心规则和难点提示 Past Future 过去将来时 过去将来时表示从过去某时看将来要发生的事情。 1. 肯定形式 (1) 主语+would+动词原形+其他 例如： He said he would buy a computer to help with his work. (2) 主语+was/were+going to+动词原形+其他 例如： She said she was going to start at once. 2. 被动语态 (1) would+be+动词的过去分词（done） 例如： We had to take them at their word that the job would be done on time. (2) was/were+going to be+动词的过去分词（done） 例如： The Delegation thought it was important to get an idea of when, how and what was going to be done to finalize consideration of those proposals. 难点提示： 1. was/were+going to+动词原形也可表示根据计划或安排即将发生的事。 例如： I was told that he was going to return home. 2. 过去将来时还可以用 was/were+about to+动词原形来表示。 例如： The attendant said that the train was about to leave. 3. would 用于过去将来时和表示过去重复的动作时含义不同。 例如： He said he would raise the question at the meeting. When I was small, my mom would read me stories at night. 考点夯基攻坚 小题夯基·精准突破 一、词汇练习 从方框中选择恰当的单词填入句子中，注意使用其正确形式。 enable, convenience, effect, explore, obviously, recommend, reward, view, deliver, concentrate 1. The travel agent strongly ______ that we should not travel on Thanksgiving Day. 2. We provide software and services to ______ people to do better work. 3. Shops that stay open twenty-four hours a day are a great ______ to the public. 4. Young children have a limited attention span and can't ______ on one activity for very long. 5. I have been taking these pills for three days, but so far they have had no ______. 6. As soon as we arrived on the island, we couldn't wait to ______. 7. He was responsible for ______ newspapers to every household. 8. People in Asia may ______ silence as a sign of respect, particularly to an elder. 9. It is ______ that China is getting more and more powerful. 10. Teaching can be a very ______ career. It allows teachers to have an input in the development of young lives. 【答案解析】 1）解析：recommend是动词“建议”，本句缺少主句谓语，描述过去发生的动作，需要动词过去式。recommend的过去式recommended表示“建议”；固定搭配recommend that…(should) do，从句使用虚拟语气。句意：旅行社强烈建议我们不要在感恩节出行。 2）解析：enable是动词“使能够”，不定式符号to后面需要动词原形。enable保持原形；固定搭配enable sb. to do sth.，意为“使某人能够做某事”。句意：我们提供软件和服务，使人们能够更好地工作。 3）解析：convenience是名词“便利，方便”，不定冠词a great后需要接名词。convenient为形容词，它的名词形式convenience表示“便利的事物”。句意：24小时营业的商店对公众来说是一大便利。 4）解析：maintain是动词“维持，保持”，情态动词can't后面需要动词原形。maintain保持原形，此处表示长时间维持注意力。句意：幼儿注意力持续时间有限，无法长时间把精力维持在一项活动上。 5）解析：effect是名词“效果，作用”，否定词no后需要接名词；固定搭配have no effect，意为“没有效果、不起作用”。句意：我已经吃了三天药，但到目前为止它们毫无效果。 6）解析：explore是动词“探索，探险”，固定结构couldn't wait to do sth.（迫不及待做某事），to后接动词原形。explore保持原形。句意：我们一到达这座岛屿，就迫不及待地去探险。 7）解析：deliver是动词“递送”，介词for后面需要动名词形式。deliver的动名词形式delivering表示“递送”；固定搭配be responsible for doing sth.，意为“负责做某事”。句意：他负责给每家每户送报纸。 8）解析：view是动词“看待，视为”，情态动词may后面需要动词原形。view保持原形；固定搭配view…as…，意为“把……看作……”。句意：亚洲人可能把沉默视作一种尊重，尤其是对长辈。 9）解析：obvious是形容词“明显的，显而易见的”，固定句型It is +形容词+that从句，形容词作表语。句意：显而易见，中国正变得越来越强大。 10）解析：rewarding是形容词“有回报的，有益的”，此处修饰名词career，需要形容词作定语。reward是动词/名词，对应的形容词rewarding表示“有收获的、有意义的”。句意：教学会是一份非常有回报的职业。它让教师能够参与年轻人的成长发展。 二、短语练习 从方框中选择恰当的短语填入句子中，注意使用其正确形式。 be addicted to, a variety of, on the basis of, be concerned with, in addition, subscribe to, focus on, in one's opinion, do…a favour, have an impact on 1. Scientists believe that climate change could ______ animal evolution and ecology. 2. The talks will ______ economic development of the region. 3. Chinese dumpling is a delicious food. You can make ______ Chinese dumplings using different fillings based on your taste. 4. He is so ______ his phone that he just can't help checking his phone every five minutes in case of missing any important text. 5. Our government officials should ______ people's life. 6. ______, it is my best friend that changed my attitude towards life. 7. Statement should be made ______ fact. 8. To learn English, I have to ______ some magazines. 9. I wonder if you could ______ and take the box to the office. 10. Online shopping provides customers with a wide range of choices, ______, it is very convenient and time-saving. 【答案解析】 1）解析：have an impact on为短语，意为“对……产生影响”；情态动词could后接动词原形。句意：科学家认为气候变化可能会对动物的进化和生态产生影响。 2）解析：focus on为短语，意为“聚焦于，重点讨论”；will后接动词原形。句意：会谈将聚焦该地区的经济发展。 3）解析：a variety of为短语，意为“各种各样的”，后接可数名词复数。句意：中国饺子是美味的食物。你可以根据自己的口味，用不同馅料做出各种各样的中国饺子。 4）解析：addicted to为短语，意为“对……上瘾”；be addicted to是固定搭配，so修饰形容词addicted。句意：他对手机如此上瘾，总忍不住每五分钟查看一次手机，生怕错过重要短信。 5）解析：be concerned with为短语，意为“关心，关注”；should后接动词原形be。句意：我们的政府官员应当关心人民的生活。 6）解析：In my opinion为短语，意为“在我看来”，作插入语，放在句首。句意：在我看来，正是我最好的朋友改变了我对生活的态度。 7）解析：on the basis of为短语，意为“以……为基础，依据”，介词短语作状语。句意：陈述应当以事实为依据。 8）解析：subscribe to为短语，意为“订阅（报刊杂志）”；have to后接动词原形。句意：为了学英语，我得订阅一些杂志。 9）解析：do me a favor为短语，意为“帮我一个忙”；could后接动词原形。句意：不知你能否帮我个忙，把这个箱子搬到办公室。 10）解析：In addition为短语，意为“此外，另外”，作连接副词，放在句首。句意：网购给顾客提供繁多的选择，此外，它还十分便捷省时。 如果你需要，我可以只输出纯解析版本，去掉答案。 三、语法练习 用所给动词的正确形式填空。 1. In the 1980s, few people knew that future avatars ______ (have) such a wide variety of forms and uses. 2. When many Internet users realized that their avatars ______ (see) by many people, not just their friends, they created more than one avatar. 3. It was believed that things ______ (get) worse, but as it is they are getting better. 4. Albert Einstein was born in 1879. As a child, few people guessed that he ______ (be) a famous scientist whose theories would change the world. 5. The scientists said the world’s population ______ (slow) down in future. 6. As you go through the book, you ______ (find) that each of the millions of people who lived through World War II had a different experience. 7. The students want to know whether they ______ (have) dictation today. 8. When I told my cousin that our journey ______ (begin) at an altitude of 5,000 meters, she seemed to be excited about it. 9. Could you tell me if it ______ (rain) tomorrow? 10. I knew John ______ (not finish) the work by 5:00 tomorrow afternoon. 【答案解析】 1. 答案：would have 解析：时间状语 In the 1980s 表明是过去的时间点；knew 是过去时，宾语从句中描述的是从过去看将来（即20世纪80年代看“未来的虚拟形象”），因此要用过去将来时 would have。 2. 答案：would be seen 解析：主句 realized 是过去时，宾语从句表示“他们的虚拟形象将被许多人看到”，这是从过去看将来的被动动作，故用过去将来时的被动语态 would be seen。 3. 答案：would get 解析：It was believed 是过去时，其后接主语从句，表示“人们过去认为事情会变得更糟”，是从过去看将来，故用过去将来时 would get。 4. 答案：was going to be 解析：guessed 是过去时，宾语从句表示“他将来会成为著名科学家”，此处强调过去对未来的预测或打算，且 was going to 常用于表示过去计划或预计要发生的事，故用 was going to be。 5. 答案：would slow 解析：said 是过去时，宾语从句表示“世界人口将来会放缓”，是从过去看将来，故用过去将来时 would slow。 6. 答案：will find 解析：As you go through the book 是时间状语从句，用一般现在时表示将来时间；主句表示“你将会发现”，是从现在看将来，故用一般将来时 will find（主将从现原则）。 7. 答案：will have 解析：主句 want 是现在时，宾语从句 whether they ______ dictation today 描述的是“今天是否将有听写”，是对将来情况的询问，故用一般将来时 will have。 8. 答案：would begin 解析：主句 told 是过去时，宾语从句表示“我们的旅程将在海拔5000米处开始”，是从过去看将来，故用过去将来时 would begin。 9. 答案：is going to rain 解析：Could you tell me 中 Could 表委婉语气，并非过去时；从句询问“明天是否会下雨”，表示对将来天气的预测，常用 be going to 表示根据迹象或预计会发生，故填 is going to rain。 10. 答案：wouldn't finish 解析：主句 knew 是过去时，宾语从句表示“约翰到明天下午5点不会完成工作”，是从过去看将来某一时间点的动作，故用过去将来时 wouldn't finish（此处未强调完成，而是一般将来事实）。 四、翻译下列句子 1）我们从没想过约翰会成为一名医生。 ____________________________________________________ 2）他说他会考虑我的建议。 ____________________________________________________ 3）在开发应用程序的时候，她很自信她的程序会成功。 ____________________________________________________ 4）她告诉我们如果下雨她就不和我们一起去了。 ____________________________________________________ 5）吉姆下定决心，一旦他换了工作他就买一辆新车。 ____________________________________________________ 【答案解析】 1）我们从没想过约翰会成为一名医生。 答案：We never imagined that John would become a doctor. 解析：本句为主从复合句。主句用一般过去时`never imagined`；that引导宾语从句，受主句过去时态制约，情态动词will变为过去式would，表示过去视角下“将会”。imagine后接宾语从句，表达“料想、设想”。 2）他说他会考虑我的建议。 答案：He said that he would consider my suggestions. 解析：`said`为主句一般过去时，that引导宾语从句，遵循时态呼应，will→would；`suggestions`用复数，泛指多条建议；`consider`意为“考虑”。 3）在开发应用程序的时候，她很自信她的程序会成功。 答案：When developing the app, she was confident that her app was going to be a success. 解析：`When developing…`是时间状语从句的省略，完整为When she was developing the app；`be confident that…`后接宾语从句；主句为一般过去时，从句用`was going to be`表示过去视角的将来；`a success`此处为抽象名词具体化，表示“一件成功的事”。 4）她告诉我们如果下雨她就不和我们一起去了。 答案：She told us that she wouldn’t go with us if it rained. 解析：`tell sb. that…`引导宾语从句；主句`told`是过去时，从句内再嵌套if引导的条件状语从句；过去将来时（wouldn’t）+ 一般过去时（rained），是过去语境下的“主将从现”。 5）吉姆下定决心，一旦他换了工作他就买一辆新车。 答案：Jim made up his mind that he would buy himself a new car once he changed his job. 解析：`make up one’s mind that…`下定决心……；that引导宾语从句，once引导时间状语从句；主句为过去时，从句遵循时态一致：将来含义用`would buy`，once从句用一般过去时`changed`；`buy oneself sth.`表示“给自己买某物”。 综合攻坚·知能拔高 一、完形填空 My Father’s Heart Surgery “Reese, can you come in here?” Mom’s words caused me to look over from the kitchen. My brain quickly ___1___ what the conversation could be about. It was rare for my parents to want to have any serious discussion with me. I walked over to the living room where my parents were seated. Mom carefully explained Dad needed open-heart surgery for a valve (瓣膜) problem. I stared at her, my heart pounding. Dad looked so healthy sitting there. The words reached my ears, but their ___2___ disappeared with the room’s silence. Dad and I had always gotten along well. He’s naturally caring and supportive. However, as I reached high school, I grew distant from him. It was my own ___3___. His caring personality began to annoy me. He noticed my lack of effort and tried to ease the ___4___ between us. He ___5___ the relationship he once had with his little girl. The day of surgery arrived. During the long wait, I noticed the black-covered journal Dad had given us before his operation. My fingertips traced (轻抚) its edges ___6___ before I opened it. Inside were my father’s words—a month’s worth of journal entries, all of which were letters to me. I slowly turned the pages. Tears blurred (模糊) my vision as memories ___7___ my mind. I remembered how I had repeatedly ___8___ his invitations to go out to breakfast. After the surgery, we anxiously walked to his room. Dad was connected to numerous machines, but he was alive. I approached his bed and grasped his hand. Everything that had once bothered me seemed so ___9___ now. All that mattered was that we were together, and I had been given a second ____10____. 1. A. ignored B. recorded C. analyzed D. recalled 2. A. effect B. response C. source D. meaning 3. A. choice B. right C. dream D. duty 4. A. tension B. attraction C. affection D. suspicion 5. A. looked into B. dealt with C. gave up D. longed for 6. A. carelessly B. hesitantly C. confidently D. eagerly 7. A. crossed B. slipped C. flooded D. changed 8. A. received B. offered C. declined D. accepted 9. A. urgent B. silly C. challenging D. capable 10. A. thought B. life C. plan D. chance 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A 4. A 5. D 6. B 7. C 8. C 9. B 10. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述父亲因瓣膜问题需做心脏手术，作者翻看其术前日记，回忆起曾疏远父亲的过往，在父亲术后幡然醒悟，珍惜重拾父女亲情的第二次机会。 【1题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的大脑迅速分析这场谈话可能关乎什么。A. ignored忽视；B. recorded记录；C. analyzed分析；D. recalled回忆。根据下文“it was rare for my parents to want to have any serious discussion”可知，父母极少谈严肃话题，作者因此本能地琢磨谈话内容，analyzed符合“思考、推测”的语境。故选C项。 【2题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：话语传到了我的耳朵里，但它们的意义却随着房间的寂静消失了。A. effect影响；B. response回应；C. source来源；D. meaning意义。根据上文“Dad needed open-heart surgery for a valve (瓣膜) problem”可知，作者因父亲要做心脏手术的消息震惊，一时无法理解这一事实的含义，meaning符合“难以领会话语背后的实质”的语境。故选D项。 【3题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，上了高中后，我和他疏远了。这是我自己的选择。A. choice选择；B. right权利；C. dream梦想；D. duty责任。根据下文“His caring personality began to annoy me”可知，后文提到父亲的关心让作者厌烦，所以是作者主动与父亲疏远，choice体现“主动做出的决定”，符合语境。故选A项。 【4题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他注意到我的疏远，试图缓解我们之间的紧张关系。A. tension紧张；B. attraction吸引；C. affection喜爱；D. suspicion怀疑。根据上文“I grew distant from him”可知，作者与父亲疏远，两人之间存在隔阂与紧张感，tension符合“关系不融洽的状态”，与ease搭配合理。故选A项。 【5题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他渴望找回曾经和他小女儿之间的那种关系。A. looked into调查；B. dealt with处理；C. gave up放弃；D. longed for渴望。根据上文“tried to ease the 　4　between us”可知，父亲试图缓解紧张关系，说明他怀念过去亲密的父女关系，longed for符合“向往过往美好关系”的语境。故选D项。 【6题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我犹豫地用指尖轻抚着它的边缘，然后才打开它。A. carelessly粗心地；B. hesitantly犹豫地；C. confidently自信地；D. eagerly急切地。根据上文“I noticed the black-covered journal Dad had given us before his operation”可知，这本日记是父亲手术前留下的，作者既好奇又带着复杂情绪，打开前会犹豫，hesitantly符合“复杂心态下的动作”。故选B项。 【7题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：泪水模糊了我视线，回忆涌上心头。A. crossed穿过；B. slipped溜走；C. flooded涌入；D. changed改变。根据上文“I slowly turned the pages”可知，看到父亲的信，过往的记忆大量且快速地浮现，flooded体现“回忆密集涌现”的状态，符合语境。故选C项。 8题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想起了自己曾一次次拒绝他出去吃早餐的邀请。A. received收到；B. offered提供；C. declined拒绝；D. accepted接受。根据上文“I grew distant from him”可知，作者之前与父亲疏远，所以会拒绝父亲的亲近邀请，declined符合“疏远状态下的行为”，与前文“grew distant”呼应。故选C项。 【9题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：曾经困扰我的一切，现在看来都如此可笑。A. urgent紧急的；B. silly可笑的；C. challenging有挑战性的；D. capable有能力的。根据上文“Dad was connected to numerous machines, but he was alive”可知，父亲手术成功后，作者意识到亲情的重要性，之前对父亲的厌烦变得毫无意义，silly符合“事后觉得之前的不满毫无价值”的语境。故选B项。 【10题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：重要的是我们还在一起，而我也得到了第二次机会。A. thought想法；B. life生命；C. plan计划；D. chance机会。根据上文“I approached his bed and grasped his hand.”可知，作者之前疏远父亲，父亲手术让她有机会弥补，重新修复父女关系，chance符合“弥补过错、重建关系的契机”的语境。故选D项。 二、语法填空 A 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 The Song-dynasty writer Li Qingzhao is considered one of the greatest ____11____ (poet) in Chinese history. She was also skilled in calligraphy and painting, all coming from a highly educated family. In 1101, she married Zhao Mingcheng, a man ____12____ shared her intellectual interests. They had a happy marriage until his death in 1129．Li Qingzhao’s earlier poetry is known ____13____ its lively tone, while her later works reflect the sorrow of losing her husband. 【答案】11. poets 12. who##that 13. for 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是宋朝作家李清照的相关信息。 【11题详解】 考查名词的复数。句意：宋朝作家李清照被认为是中国历史上最伟大的诗人之一。空前有one of，空格处用复数，故填poets。 【12题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：1101年，她嫁给了和她有共同精神兴趣的赵明成。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词man是人，因此用关系代词who/that引导定语从句，故填who/that。 【13题详解】 考查介词。句意：李清照早期的诗歌以其活泼的基调而闻名，而她后期的作品则反映了失去丈夫的悲伤。由its lively tone可知，句子表示“李清照早期的诗歌以其活泼的基调而闻名”，be known for意为“因……而闻名”，因此空格处用介词for，故填for。 B 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 As the climate changes, the ____14____ (frequent) and intensity of extreme weather events increase. Take Beijing for example. Data from the Beijing Climate Center shows that in 2023, the Beijing Observatory ____15____ (record) 34 high-temperature days, 2.4 times the annual average. The city suffered both extreme high temperatures in summer and severe cold spells in winter within the same year, ____16____ (set) its longest consecutive low-temperature record in December. 【答案】14. frequency 15. recorded 16. setting 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了气候变化下北京极端天气愈发频繁，2023年高温日达常年2.4倍，同年冬季又创最长连续低温纪录，显示寒暑极端气温同在。 【14题详解】 考查名词。句意：随着气候变化，极端天气事件的频率和强度增加。and连接两个并列成分，intensity是名词“强度”，所以这里也应用名词形式，frequent的名词是frequency，意为“频率”作主语，故填frequency。 【15题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：北京气候中心的数据显示，2023年，北京天文台记录了34个高温日，是年平均天数的2.4倍。根据时间状语in 2023可知，事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时，record的过去式为recorded，故填recorded。 【16题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：该市在同一年里，夏季遭受极端高温，冬季遭遇严重寒潮，在12月创下了最长连续低温记录。句中已有谓语动词suffered，所以此处应用非谓语动词。The city与set之间是主动关系，即“这座城市创下记录”，所以用现在分词setting作结果状语，故填setting。 C 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 While smartphones are indispensable nowadays, ____17____ troubles us is people’s overuse of this device. Similar to most drugs, smartphones ____18____ (design) to be addictive in their nature. Most apps use algorithms (算法) that feed users content ____19____ (base) on their preferences and interactions, keeping ____20____ (they) engaged for longer periods. It becomes mindless scrolling, and most times the information you see is not even registered in your brain. 【答案】17. what 18. are designed 19. based 20. them 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是如今智能手机虽不可或缺，但人们对其过度使用成了一个问题。 【17题详解】 考查主语从句。句意：虽然智能手机现在是必不可少的，但困扰我们的是人们过度使用这个设备。空格处引导的是主语从句，从句中缺少主语，句子表示“困扰我们的是人们过度使用这个设备”，因此用what引导主语从句，故填what。 【18题详解】 考查动词语态和主谓一致。句意：和大多数毒品一样，智能手机的设计本质上就是让人上瘾。空格处是谓语，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，be designed to do意为“目的是”，主语smartphones是复数，因此空格处是are designed。故填are designed。 【19题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：大多数应用程序都使用算法，根据用户的偏好和互动向用户提供内容，使他们长时间沉浸其中。that引导的定语从句中的谓语是feed，空格处用非谓语动词，content和base之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此用过去分词表被动，作后置定语。故填based。 【20题详解】 考查代词。句意：大多数应用程序都使用算法，根据用户的偏好和互动向用户提供内容，使他们长时间沉浸其中。空格处用代词的宾格them，作宾语。故填them。 三、阅读理解 A A Tour of Unique Festivals Among China’s Ethnic Minorities (少数民族) The Mountain Circling Festival The Mountain Circling Festival, also known as Zhuanshan Festival, is a significant traditional event of the Mosuo people in Yunnan Province, China. Held annually on the 25th day of the seventh lunar month, it was included in Yunnan’s Intangible Cultural Heritage (ICH) list in 2005. Originating from nature worship and matriarchal reverence (母系崇拜), it is one of the earliest traditional festivals of its kind. During the festival, people gather at the foot of Gemu Mountain, offering grains, hanging prayer flags, and praying for a good harvest and prosperity (繁荣). It has evolved into a grand cultural event featuring horse racing, wrestling, and singing. The Jingpo Ethnic Group’s Munao Zongge Festival The Jingpo Ethnic Group’s Munao Zongge Festival, known as the “heavenly dance,” is the most important celebration for the Jingpo people and is held annually around the Lantern Festival. Recognized as a National ICH in 2006, it is often called the “carnival dance of ten thousand people” for its spectacular sight of thousands dancing to the same drumbeat. The dance symbolizes unity and celebrates a rich harvest. Hani October Festival Hani October Festival is a major festival for the Hani people in Honghe Prefecture (自治州), Yunnan, typically celebrated in November. Its most symbolic event is the Long Street Banquet (宴会), where countless tables are lined along the streets, forming one of the world’s longest banquet tables. Dressed in traditional Hani costumes, participants enjoy feasts, watch fireworks, and take part in various folk activities. This festival was listed as a National ICH in 2006. Miao Sisters Festival Miao Sisters Festival is a beloved tradition of the Miao people in Guizhou Province, often regarded as one of the most romantic festivals. It typically takes place in spring. During this festival, young Miao girls prepare colorful glutinous rice and gifts, which they offer to young men as a way to show they like them. The event is filled with singing—especially the antiphonal (对唱) style—and traditional dances, all celebrating youth, love, and the arrival of spring. It was included in the National ICH list in 2008. 21. Which of the mentioned festivals often takes place in summer? A. The Mountain Circling Festival. B. The Munao Zongge Festival. C. Hani October Festival. D. Miao Sisters Festival. 22. What can we learn from the passage? A. The Munao Zongge Festival features people dancing to their own rhythm. B. Zhuanshan Festival was included in the National ICH list in 2005. C. Miao Sisters Festival is celebrated to pray for a happy marriage. D. Hani October Festival is famous for its Long Street Banquet. 23. Where is the passage most likely to be taken from? A. A news report. B. A travel blog. C. A research paper. D. A cookbook. 【答案】21. A 22. D 23. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍中国四个少数民族的独特节日，包括举办时间、文化内涵及非遗地位等信息。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据The Mountain Circling Festival的“Held annually on the 25th day of the seventh lunar month(每年农历七月二十五日举行)”可知，绕山节在农历七月二十五日举行，农历七月对应公历7-8月，属于夏季。故选A项。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据Hani October Festival中的“Its most symbolic event is the Long Street Banquet (宴会)(其最具标志性的活动是长街宴)”可知，哈尼十月年以长街宴闻名。故选D项。 【23题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章详细介绍了四个少数民族节日的举行时间、特色活动和文化意义，内容生动具体，兼具知识性和趣味性，符合旅游博客向读者推荐特色文化体验的风格。故选B项。 B The universal freshman fear materialized: I walked into the wrong class on my first day in my senior high school. I faked confidence until attendance was called, feeling the confusion one feels when trying to complete a jigsaw (拼图) puzzle. The front office adviser delivered worse news: a system error had messed up my entire schedule and my intended class was full. Stuck by the limited choices, I stood silent until the adviser decided for me. “How about Video Production?” she said. Without any prior knowledge or preparedness and simply in desperation to feel settled, I agreed, reasoning that fancying movies might translate to fancying making them. Before high school, I had no standout hobbies. I had tried many, but each was a puzzle piece that wouldn’t fit, leaving me with little identity and intensifying my fears. This random placement, however, was a turning point. Learning the ins and outs of filmmaking that first semester, a passion began to grow unnoticed. I realized it one day when I felt genuine excitement heading to class. It became the subject I devoted the most homework time to, a true indicator of my interest. Milestones like joining the student news broadcast team, which delivered episodes every Friday, fueled my love for the craft. This passion provided the sense of belonging I had longed for. I dedicated three years to video production, taking all subsequent courses. Through writing scripts, editing videos, and collaborating with a crew, it became a fiber of my identity. It boosted my confidence, helped me find friends, and fundamentally changed my posture from a timid freshman to an assured senior. Finding a passion does wonders for self-esteem. This serendipitous (有意外收获的) pairing of mec and video production prepared me for my life ahead. I now see life not as a puzzle to complete, but as a kaleidoscope (万花筒); my interests will continually shift and evolve: Embracing this, I am seeking new adventures at Arizona State University. I’ve applied to the State Press. I am sure that both my filmmaking fundamentals and my newfound confidence will help me contribute. I welcome this next chapter, knowing each experience adds a unique piece to the evolving picture of my life. 24. How did the author feel when he finally agreed to take the course of Video Production? A. Stressed. B. Uncaring. C. Confident. D. Angry. 25. Which was a sign of the author’s growing passion for Video Production? A. He had more confidence to find friends. B. He devoted the most time to its homework. C. He developed a talent for writing scripts quickly. D. He decided to take all the related advanced courses. 26. What can we learn about the author from his experience in high school? A. He formed his primary social circle there. B. He was naturally gifted in technical subjects. C. He decided to pursue a career in filmmaking. D. He became more explorative and self-assured. 27. What can we learn from this passage? A. Practice makes perfect. B. Chances favor the prepared. C. Every cloud has a silver lining. D. Misfortunes never come alone. 【答案】24. A 25. B 26. D 27. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者因选课系统错误意外进入视频制作课程，从最初的迷茫到逐渐发现热爱，最终通过这一经历获得自信与成长，并学会以开放心态迎接人生变化。 【24题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Stuck by the limited choices, I stood silent until the adviser decided for me. “How about Video Production?” she said. Without any prior knowledge or preparedness and simply in desperation to feel settled, I agreed, reasoning that fancying movies might translate to fancying making them.(由于选择有限，我静静地站着，直到导师替我做出了决定。“那视频制作怎么样？”她说道。在毫无事先了解和准备的情况下，仅仅出于急于找到一个让自己安心的选项的无奈心理，我同意了。我心想，喜欢电影或许就意味着喜欢制作电影。)”可知，这些描述体现作者是被动接受、无奈妥协的状态，所以当作者最终同意学习视频制作这门课程时，他的感受应该是焦虑的。故选A项。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“It became the subject I devoted the most homework time to, a true indicator of my interest.(它成了我花最多作业时间钻研的科目，这确实表明了我对它的兴趣。)”可知，作者对视频制作的热情日益高涨的标志是他在家庭作业上花费了最多的时间。故选B项。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“It boosted my confidence, helped me find friends, and fundamentally changed my posture from a timid freshman to an assured senior.(它增强了我的信心，帮助我找到了朋友，并从根本上改变了我的姿态，从一个胆小的高一新生变成了一个自信的高三毕业生。)”以及最后一段“Embracing this, I am seeking new adventures at Arizona State University. I’ve applied to the State Press. I’m sure that both my filmmaking fundamentals and my newfound confidence will help me contribute.(接受了这一决定后，我正准备前往亚利桑那州立大学开启新的征程。我已经向《州报》提交了申请。我相信，我的电影制作基础以及新获得的自信都将有助于我做出贡献。)”可知，作者经历让他变得“更加勇于探索和自信”。故选D项。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。分析全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了作者因选课系统错误意外进入视频制作课程，从最初的迷茫到逐渐发现热爱，最终通过这一经历获得自信与成长，并学会以开放心态迎接人生变化。一次意外的选课错误却带来了积极的人生转变，正好对应谚语“Every cloud has a silver lining(黑暗中总有一线光明)”。故选C项。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 Unit 4 Information Technology 单元重点单词短语句型语法精练 （时间：60分钟，满分：100分） 教材考点概览 一、重点词汇 Topic talk app, enable, convenience, effect, self-focused, addicted, indeed, download, recommendation, super, explore, personality, admit Lesson 1 image, trick, identity, variety, instant, sex, sensible, creativity, blog, obviously, experiment, nowadays, hairstyle, selection, type, concern, cheat, view Lesson 2 accommodation, powerful, latest, reality, ensure, material, press, button, goods, favour, confirm, deliver, error Lesson 3 harm, argument, replace, hug, concentrate, concerned, rewarding, addition, content, basis, percent, opinion, focus, maintain, smartphone, limiting, brief, creative, authority Writing workshop location, imaginary, series, author, amazing, policy Reading club 1 sailor 二、重点短语 Topic talk information technology; provide convenience; feel less lonely; develop new friendships; live in an unreal world; face-to-face communication; chat online; be addicted to; download lots of apps Lesson 1 express myself freely; instead of; create real/digital identities; avoid online safety risks; a variety of; instant messenger; more or less; experiment with; type in your message; attend classes; cause a few concerns; in virtual worlds; cheat others; look forward to; support one’s opinion Lesson 2 book tickets; book accommodation; order food; find direction; subscribe to newspapers; solve real-world problems; general functions; develop an app; the latest technology; mobile device; virtual reality; call for; personal interests and needs; learning materials; set up an account; press the “Finish” button; receive the goods; do sb. a favour Lesson 3 no replacement for; show kindness to others; direct contact; enable sb. to do; develop lifelong friendships; be concerned with; in addition; form meaningful relationships; on the basis of trust; in my opinion; focus on; maintain healthy relationships; stay in touch with; take time; give a brief response to; care for; bring people closer; point out; the benefit of Writing workshop a personal profile; explore the unknown world; do an amazing job; have a lot in common Viewing workshop printed books; be replaced by; the latest news; meet people’s various reading interests Reading club 1 be amazed by; ancient Chinese customs; move around; conduct business; come alive; in detail; make the art accessible to the world; combine...and...; invaluable paintings Reading club 2 keep track of; long-lasting battery; plan your exercise routine; a wide range of; adapt to; easy-to-use stopwatch and timer 三、长难句理解： 1. When people started creating their own avatars, they discovered that they were going to have the power to create new identities that did not look or act like their real selves at all. 结构拆解： 时间状语从句 When people started creating their own avatars 修饰主句；主句为 they discovered... ，后接 that 引导的宾语从句 that they were going to have the power to create new identities；该宾语从句中嵌套 that 引导的定语从句 that did not look or act like their real selves at all，修饰先行词 new identities。 译文： 当人们开始创建自己的虚拟形象时，他们发现自己将有能力创造全新的身份，这些身份的外表和举止完全可以和真实自我完全不同。 2. Most people create avatars that have similar features to their personalities and that look more or less like them and act like them. 结构拆解： 主句为 Most people create avatars；其后接两个并列的 that 引导的定语从句 that have similar features to their personalities 和 that look more or less like them and act like them，共同修饰先行词 avatars。第二个定语从句中，look more or less like them 和 act like them 为并列谓语。 译文： 大多数人创建的虚拟形象，其特征与自身性格相似，外观上或多或少与自己相像，行为方式也和自己一致。 3. Friendships are built on the basis of trust, and with online communication you can never be 100 percent sure that the people you are chatting to are being honest about who they are. 结构拆解： and 连接两个并列分句。第一个分句为 Friendships are built on the basis of trust。第二个分句为 with online communication you can never be 100 percent sure...，其中 sure 后接 that 引导的宾语从句 that the people you are chatting to are being honest about who they are；该宾语从句中，you are chatting to 是省略了关系代词的定语从句，修饰 the people；who they are 为 about 的宾语从句。 译文： 友谊建立在信任的基础之上，而在网上交流时，你永远无法百分百确定正在聊天的人在身份问题上是否诚实。 4. The good news for art lovers who cannot travel, and for the caves themselves is that scientists have created a 360-degree, 3D digital projection of the caves. 结构拆解： 主语为 The good news，后接介词短语 for art lovers who cannot travel, and for the caves themselves 作定语，其中 who cannot travel 为定语从句修饰 art lovers；系动词为 is；表语为 that 引导的表语从句 that scientists have created a 360-degree, 3D digital projection of the caves。 译文： 对于无法出行的艺术爱好者以及洞穴本身而言，好消息是科学家们已经创建了一个360度3D数字投影的洞穴影像。 四、语法核心规则和难点提示 Past Future 过去将来时 过去将来时表示从过去某时看将来要发生的事情。 1. 肯定形式 (1) 主语+would+动词原形+其他 例如： He said he would buy a computer to help with his work. (2) 主语+was/were+going to+动词原形+其他 例如： She said she was going to start at once. 2. 被动语态 (1) would+be+动词的过去分词（done） 例如： We had to take them at their word that the job would be done on time. (2) was/were+going to be+动词的过去分词（done） 例如： The Delegation thought it was important to get an idea of when, how and what was going to be done to finalize consideration of those proposals. 难点提示： 1. was/were+going to+动词原形也可表示根据计划或安排即将发生的事。 例如： I was told that he was going to return home. 2. 过去将来时还可以用 was/were+about to+动词原形来表示。 例如： The attendant said that the train was about to leave. 3. would 用于过去将来时和表示过去重复的动作时含义不同。 例如： He said he would raise the question at the meeting. When I was small, my mom would read me stories at night. 考点夯基攻坚 小题夯基·精准突破 一、词汇练习 从方框中选择恰当的单词填入句子中，注意使用其正确形式。 enable, convenience, effect, explore, obviously, recommend, reward, view, deliver, concentrate 1. The travel agent strongly ______ that we should not travel on Thanksgiving Day. 2. We provide software and services to ______ people to do better work. 3. Shops that stay open twenty-four hours a day are a great ______ to the public. 4. Young children have a limited attention span and can't ______ on one activity for very long. 5. I have been taking these pills for three days, but so far they have had no ______. 6. As soon as we arrived on the island, we couldn't wait to ______. 7. He was responsible for ______ newspapers to every household. 8. People in Asia may ______ silence as a sign of respect, particularly to an elder. 9. It is ______ that China is getting more and more powerful. 10. Teaching can be a very ______ career. It allows teachers to have an input in the development of young lives. 【答案解析】 1）解析：recommend是动词“建议”，本句缺少主句谓语，描述过去发生的动作，需要动词过去式。recommend的过去式recommended表示“建议”；固定搭配recommend that…(should) do，从句使用虚拟语气。句意：旅行社强烈建议我们不要在感恩节出行。 2）解析：enable是动词“使能够”，不定式符号to后面需要动词原形。enable保持原形；固定搭配enable sb. to do sth.，意为“使某人能够做某事”。句意：我们提供软件和服务，使人们能够更好地工作。 3）解析：convenience是名词“便利，方便”，不定冠词a great后需要接名词。convenient为形容词，它的名词形式convenience表示“便利的事物”。句意：24小时营业的商店对公众来说是一大便利。 4）解析：maintain是动词“维持，保持”，情态动词can't后面需要动词原形。maintain保持原形，此处表示长时间维持注意力。句意：幼儿注意力持续时间有限，无法长时间把精力维持在一项活动上。 5）解析：effect是名词“效果，作用”，否定词no后需要接名词；固定搭配have no effect，意为“没有效果、不起作用”。句意：我已经吃了三天药，但到目前为止它们毫无效果。 6）解析：explore是动词“探索，探险”，固定结构couldn't wait to do sth.（迫不及待做某事），to后接动词原形。explore保持原形。句意：我们一到达这座岛屿，就迫不及待地去探险。 7）解析：deliver是动词“递送”，介词for后面需要动名词形式。deliver的动名词形式delivering表示“递送”；固定搭配be responsible for doing sth.，意为“负责做某事”。句意：他负责给每家每户送报纸。 8）解析：view是动词“看待，视为”，情态动词may后面需要动词原形。view保持原形；固定搭配view…as…，意为“把……看作……”。句意：亚洲人可能把沉默视作一种尊重，尤其是对长辈。 9）解析：obvious是形容词“明显的，显而易见的”，固定句型It is +形容词+that从句，形容词作表语。句意：显而易见，中国正变得越来越强大。 10）解析：rewarding是形容词“有回报的，有益的”，此处修饰名词career，需要形容词作定语。reward是动词/名词，对应的形容词rewarding表示“有收获的、有意义的”。句意：教学会是一份非常有回报的职业。它让教师能够参与年轻人的成长发展。 二、短语练习 从方框中选择恰当的短语填入句子中，注意使用其正确形式。 be addicted to, a variety of, on the basis of, be concerned with, in addition, subscribe to, focus on, in one's opinion, do…a favour, have an impact on 1. Scientists believe that climate change could ______ animal evolution and ecology. 2. The talks will ______ economic development of the region. 3. Chinese dumpling is a delicious food. You can make ______ Chinese dumplings using different fillings based on your taste. 4. He is so ______ his phone that he just can't help checking his phone every five minutes in case of missing any important text. 5. Our government officials should ______ people's life. 6. ______, it is my best friend that changed my attitude towards life. 7. Statement should be made ______ fact. 8. To learn English, I have to ______ some magazines. 9. I wonder if you could ______ and take the box to the office. 10. Online shopping provides customers with a wide range of choices, ______, it is very convenient and time-saving. 【答案解析】 1）解析：have an impact on为短语，意为“对……产生影响”；情态动词could后接动词原形。句意：科学家认为气候变化可能会对动物的进化和生态产生影响。 2）解析：focus on为短语，意为“聚焦于，重点讨论”；will后接动词原形。句意：会谈将聚焦该地区的经济发展。 3）解析：a variety of为短语，意为“各种各样的”，后接可数名词复数。句意：中国饺子是美味的食物。你可以根据自己的口味，用不同馅料做出各种各样的中国饺子。 4）解析：addicted to为短语，意为“对……上瘾”；be addicted to是固定搭配，so修饰形容词addicted。句意：他对手机如此上瘾，总忍不住每五分钟查看一次手机，生怕错过重要短信。 5）解析：be concerned with为短语，意为“关心，关注”；should后接动词原形be。句意：我们的政府官员应当关心人民的生活。 6）解析：In my opinion为短语，意为“在我看来”，作插入语，放在句首。句意：在我看来，正是我最好的朋友改变了我对生活的态度。 7）解析：on the basis of为短语，意为“以……为基础，依据”，介词短语作状语。句意：陈述应当以事实为依据。 8）解析：subscribe to为短语，意为“订阅（报刊杂志）”；have to后接动词原形。句意：为了学英语，我得订阅一些杂志。 9）解析：do me a favor为短语，意为“帮我一个忙”；could后接动词原形。句意：不知你能否帮我个忙，把这个箱子搬到办公室。 10）解析：In addition为短语，意为“此外，另外”，作连接副词，放在句首。句意：网购给顾客提供繁多的选择，此外，它还十分便捷省时。 如果你需要，我可以只输出纯解析版本，去掉答案。 三、语法练习 用所给动词的正确形式填空。 1. In the 1980s, few people knew that future avatars ______ (have) such a wide variety of forms and uses. 2. When many Internet users realized that their avatars ______ (see) by many people, not just their friends, they created more than one avatar. 3. It was believed that things ______ (get) worse, but as it is they are getting better. 4. Albert Einstein was born in 1879. As a child, few people guessed that he ______ (be) a famous scientist whose theories would change the world. 5. The scientists said the world’s population ______ (slow) down in future. 6. As you go through the book, you ______ (find) that each of the millions of people who lived through World War II had a different experience. 7. The students want to know whether they ______ (have) dictation today. 8. When I told my cousin that our journey ______ (begin) at an altitude of 5,000 meters, she seemed to be excited about it. 9. Could you tell me if it ______ (rain) tomorrow? 10. I knew John ______ (not finish) the work by 5:00 tomorrow afternoon. 【答案解析】 1. 答案：would have 解析：时间状语 In the 1980s 表明是过去的时间点；knew 是过去时，宾语从句中描述的是从过去看将来（即20世纪80年代看“未来的虚拟形象”），因此要用过去将来时 would have。 2. 答案：would be seen 解析：主句 realized 是过去时，宾语从句表示“他们的虚拟形象将被许多人看到”，这是从过去看将来的被动动作，故用过去将来时的被动语态 would be seen。 3. 答案：would get 解析：It was believed 是过去时，其后接主语从句，表示“人们过去认为事情会变得更糟”，是从过去看将来，故用过去将来时 would get。 4. 答案：was going to be 解析：guessed 是过去时，宾语从句表示“他将来会成为著名科学家”，此处强调过去对未来的预测或打算，且 was going to 常用于表示过去计划或预计要发生的事，故用 was going to be。 5. 答案：would slow 解析：said 是过去时，宾语从句表示“世界人口将来会放缓”，是从过去看将来，故用过去将来时 would slow。 6. 答案：will find 解析：As you go through the book 是时间状语从句，用一般现在时表示将来时间；主句表示“你将会发现”，是从现在看将来，故用一般将来时 will find（主将从现原则）。 7. 答案：will have 解析：主句 want 是现在时，宾语从句 whether they ______ dictation today 描述的是“今天是否将有听写”，是对将来情况的询问，故用一般将来时 will have。 8. 答案：would begin 解析：主句 told 是过去时，宾语从句表示“我们的旅程将在海拔5000米处开始”，是从过去看将来，故用过去将来时 would begin。 9. 答案：is going to rain 解析：Could you tell me 中 Could 表委婉语气，并非过去时；从句询问“明天是否会下雨”，表示对将来天气的预测，常用 be going to 表示根据迹象或预计会发生，故填 is going to rain。 10. 答案：wouldn't finish 解析：主句 knew 是过去时，宾语从句表示“约翰到明天下午5点不会完成工作”，是从过去看将来某一时间点的动作，故用过去将来时 wouldn't finish（此处未强调完成，而是一般将来事实）。 四、翻译下列句子 1）我们从没想过约翰会成为一名医生。 ____________________________________________________ 2）他说他会考虑我的建议。 ____________________________________________________ 3）在开发应用程序的时候，她很自信她的程序会成功。 ____________________________________________________ 4）她告诉我们如果下雨她就不和我们一起去了。 ____________________________________________________ 5）吉姆下定决心，一旦他换了工作他就买一辆新车。 ____________________________________________________ 【答案解析】 1）我们从没想过约翰会成为一名医生。 答案：We never imagined that John would become a doctor. 解析：本句为主从复合句。主句用一般过去时`never imagined`；that引导宾语从句，受主句过去时态制约，情态动词will变为过去式would，表示过去视角下“将会”。imagine后接宾语从句，表达“料想、设想”。 2）他说他会考虑我的建议。 答案：He said that he would consider my suggestions. 解析：`said`为主句一般过去时，that引导宾语从句，遵循时态呼应，will→would；`suggestions`用复数，泛指多条建议；`consider`意为“考虑”。 3）在开发应用程序的时候，她很自信她的程序会成功。 答案：When developing the app, she was confident that her app was going to be a success. 解析：`When developing…`是时间状语从句的省略，完整为When she was developing the app；`be confident that…`后接宾语从句；主句为一般过去时，从句用`was going to be`表示过去视角的将来；`a success`此处为抽象名词具体化，表示“一件成功的事”。 4）她告诉我们如果下雨她就不和我们一起去了。 答案：She told us that she wouldn’t go with us if it rained. 解析：`tell sb. that…`引导宾语从句；主句`told`是过去时，从句内再嵌套if引导的条件状语从句；过去将来时（wouldn’t）+ 一般过去时（rained），是过去语境下的“主将从现”。 5）吉姆下定决心，一旦他换了工作他就买一辆新车。 答案：Jim made up his mind that he would buy himself a new car once he changed his job. 解析：`make up one’s mind that…`下定决心……；that引导宾语从句，once引导时间状语从句；主句为过去时，从句遵循时态一致：将来含义用`would buy`，once从句用一般过去时`changed`；`buy oneself sth.`表示“给自己买某物”。 综合攻坚·知能拔高 一、完形填空 My Father’s Heart Surgery “Reese, can you come in here?” Mom’s words caused me to look over from the kitchen. My brain quickly ___1___ what the conversation could be about. It was rare for my parents to want to have any serious discussion with me. I walked over to the living room where my parents were seated. Mom carefully explained Dad needed open-heart surgery for a valve (瓣膜) problem. I stared at her, my heart pounding. Dad looked so healthy sitting there. The words reached my ears, but their ___2___ disappeared with the room’s silence. Dad and I had always gotten along well. He’s naturally caring and supportive. However, as I reached high school, I grew distant from him. It was my own ___3___. His caring personality began to annoy me. He noticed my lack of effort and tried to ease the ___4___ between us. He ___5___ the relationship he once had with his little girl. The day of surgery arrived. During the long wait, I noticed the black-covered journal Dad had given us before his operation. My fingertips traced (轻抚) its edges ___6___ before I opened it. Inside were my father’s words—a month’s worth of journal entries, all of which were letters to me. I slowly turned the pages. Tears blurred (模糊) my vision as memories ___7___ my mind. I remembered how I had repeatedly ___8___ his invitations to go out to breakfast. After the surgery, we anxiously walked to his room. Dad was connected to numerous machines, but he was alive. I approached his bed and grasped his hand. Everything that had once bothered me seemed so ___9___ now. All that mattered was that we were together, and I had been given a second ____10____. 1. A. ignored B. recorded C. analyzed D. recalled 2. A. effect B. response C. source D. meaning 3. A. choice B. right C. dream D. duty 4. A. tension B. attraction C. affection D. suspicion 5. A. looked into B. dealt with C. gave up D. longed for 6. A. carelessly B. hesitantly C. confidently D. eagerly 7. A. crossed B. slipped C. flooded D. changed 8. A. received B. offered C. declined D. accepted 9. A. urgent B. silly C. challenging D. capable 10. A. thought B. life C. plan D. chance 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A 4. A 5. D 6. B 7. C 8. C 9. B 10. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述父亲因瓣膜问题需做心脏手术，作者翻看其术前日记，回忆起曾疏远父亲的过往，在父亲术后幡然醒悟，珍惜重拾父女亲情的第二次机会。 【1题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的大脑迅速分析这场谈话可能关乎什么。A. ignored忽视；B. recorded记录；C. analyzed分析；D. recalled回忆。根据下文“it was rare for my parents to want to have any serious discussion”可知，父母极少谈严肃话题，作者因此本能地琢磨谈话内容，analyzed符合“思考、推测”的语境。故选C项。 【2题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：话语传到了我的耳朵里，但它们的意义却随着房间的寂静消失了。A. effect影响；B. response回应；C. source来源；D. meaning意义。根据上文“Dad needed open-heart surgery for a valve (瓣膜) problem”可知，作者因父亲要做心脏手术的消息震惊，一时无法理解这一事实的含义，meaning符合“难以领会话语背后的实质”的语境。故选D项。 【3题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，上了高中后，我和他疏远了。这是我自己的选择。A. choice选择；B. right权利；C. dream梦想；D. duty责任。根据下文“His caring personality began to annoy me”可知，后文提到父亲的关心让作者厌烦，所以是作者主动与父亲疏远，choice体现“主动做出的决定”，符合语境。故选A项。 【4题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他注意到我的疏远，试图缓解我们之间的紧张关系。A. tension紧张；B. attraction吸引；C. affection喜爱；D. suspicion怀疑。根据上文“I grew distant from him”可知，作者与父亲疏远，两人之间存在隔阂与紧张感，tension符合“关系不融洽的状态”，与ease搭配合理。故选A项。 【5题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他渴望找回曾经和他小女儿之间的那种关系。A. looked into调查；B. dealt with处理；C. gave up放弃；D. longed for渴望。根据上文“tried to ease the 　4　between us”可知，父亲试图缓解紧张关系，说明他怀念过去亲密的父女关系，longed for符合“向往过往美好关系”的语境。故选D项。 【6题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我犹豫地用指尖轻抚着它的边缘，然后才打开它。A. carelessly粗心地；B. hesitantly犹豫地；C. confidently自信地；D. eagerly急切地。根据上文“I noticed the black-covered journal Dad had given us before his operation”可知，这本日记是父亲手术前留下的，作者既好奇又带着复杂情绪，打开前会犹豫，hesitantly符合“复杂心态下的动作”。故选B项。 【7题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：泪水模糊了我视线，回忆涌上心头。A. crossed穿过；B. slipped溜走；C. flooded涌入；D. changed改变。根据上文“I slowly turned the pages”可知，看到父亲的信，过往的记忆大量且快速地浮现，flooded体现“回忆密集涌现”的状态，符合语境。故选C项。 8题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想起了自己曾一次次拒绝他出去吃早餐的邀请。A. received收到；B. offered提供；C. declined拒绝；D. accepted接受。根据上文“I grew distant from him”可知，作者之前与父亲疏远，所以会拒绝父亲的亲近邀请，declined符合“疏远状态下的行为”，与前文“grew distant”呼应。故选C项。 【9题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：曾经困扰我的一切，现在看来都如此可笑。A. urgent紧急的；B. silly可笑的；C. challenging有挑战性的；D. capable有能力的。根据上文“Dad was connected to numerous machines, but he was alive”可知，父亲手术成功后，作者意识到亲情的重要性，之前对父亲的厌烦变得毫无意义，silly符合“事后觉得之前的不满毫无价值”的语境。故选B项。 【10题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：重要的是我们还在一起，而我也得到了第二次机会。A. thought想法；B. life生命；C. plan计划；D. chance机会。根据上文“I approached his bed and grasped his hand.”可知，作者之前疏远父亲，父亲手术让她有机会弥补，重新修复父女关系，chance符合“弥补过错、重建关系的契机”的语境。故选D项。 二、语法填空 A 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 The Song-dynasty writer Li Qingzhao is considered one of the greatest ____11____ (poet) in Chinese history. She was also skilled in calligraphy and painting, all coming from a highly educated family. In 1101, she married Zhao Mingcheng, a man ____12____ shared her intellectual interests. They had a happy marriage until his death in 1129．Li Qingzhao’s earlier poetry is known ____13____ its lively tone, while her later works reflect the sorrow of losing her husband. 【答案】11. poets 12. who##that 13. for 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是宋朝作家李清照的相关信息。 【11题详解】 考查名词的复数。句意：宋朝作家李清照被认为是中国历史上最伟大的诗人之一。空前有one of，空格处用复数，故填poets。 【12题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：1101年，她嫁给了和她有共同精神兴趣的赵明成。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词man是人，因此用关系代词who/that引导定语从句，故填who/that。 【13题详解】 考查介词。句意：李清照早期的诗歌以其活泼的基调而闻名，而她后期的作品则反映了失去丈夫的悲伤。由its lively tone可知，句子表示“李清照早期的诗歌以其活泼的基调而闻名”，be known for意为“因……而闻名”，因此空格处用介词for，故填for。 B 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 As the climate changes, the ____14____ (frequent) and intensity of extreme weather events increase. Take Beijing for example. Data from the Beijing Climate Center shows that in 2023, the Beijing Observatory ____15____ (record) 34 high-temperature days, 2.4 times the annual average. The city suffered both extreme high temperatures in summer and severe cold spells in winter within the same year, ____16____ (set) its longest consecutive low-temperature record in December. 【答案】14. frequency 15. recorded 16. setting 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了气候变化下北京极端天气愈发频繁，2023年高温日达常年2.4倍，同年冬季又创最长连续低温纪录，显示寒暑极端气温同在。 【14题详解】 考查名词。句意：随着气候变化，极端天气事件的频率和强度增加。and连接两个并列成分，intensity是名词“强度”，所以这里也应用名词形式，frequent的名词是frequency，意为“频率”作主语，故填frequency。 【15题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：北京气候中心的数据显示，2023年，北京天文台记录了34个高温日，是年平均天数的2.4倍。根据时间状语in 2023可知，事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时，record的过去式为recorded，故填recorded。 【16题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：该市在同一年里，夏季遭受极端高温，冬季遭遇严重寒潮，在12月创下了最长连续低温记录。句中已有谓语动词suffered，所以此处应用非谓语动词。The city与set之间是主动关系，即“这座城市创下记录”，所以用现在分词setting作结果状语，故填setting。 C 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 While smartphones are indispensable nowadays, ____17____ troubles us is people’s overuse of this device. Similar to most drugs, smartphones ____18____ (design) to be addictive in their nature. Most apps use algorithms (算法) that feed users content ____19____ (base) on their preferences and interactions, keeping ____20____ (they) engaged for longer periods. It becomes mindless scrolling, and most times the information you see is not even registered in your brain. 【答案】17. what 18. are designed 19. based 20. them 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是如今智能手机虽不可或缺，但人们对其过度使用成了一个问题。 【17题详解】 考查主语从句。句意：虽然智能手机现在是必不可少的，但困扰我们的是人们过度使用这个设备。空格处引导的是主语从句，从句中缺少主语，句子表示“困扰我们的是人们过度使用这个设备”，因此用what引导主语从句，故填what。 【18题详解】 考查动词语态和主谓一致。句意：和大多数毒品一样，智能手机的设计本质上就是让人上瘾。空格处是谓语，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，be designed to do意为“目的是”，主语smartphones是复数，因此空格处是are designed。故填are designed。 【19题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：大多数应用程序都使用算法，根据用户的偏好和互动向用户提供内容，使他们长时间沉浸其中。that引导的定语从句中的谓语是feed，空格处用非谓语动词，content和base之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此用过去分词表被动，作后置定语。故填based。 【20题详解】 考查代词。句意：大多数应用程序都使用算法，根据用户的偏好和互动向用户提供内容，使他们长时间沉浸其中。空格处用代词的宾格them，作宾语。故填them。 三、阅读理解 A A Tour of Unique Festivals Among China’s Ethnic Minorities (少数民族) The Mountain Circling Festival The Mountain Circling Festival, also known as Zhuanshan Festival, is a significant traditional event of the Mosuo people in Yunnan Province, China. Held annually on the 25th day of the seventh lunar month, it was included in Yunnan’s Intangible Cultural Heritage (ICH) list in 2005. Originating from nature worship and matriarchal reverence (母系崇拜), it is one of the earliest traditional festivals of its kind. During the festival, people gather at the foot of Gemu Mountain, offering grains, hanging prayer flags, and praying for a good harvest and prosperity (繁荣). It has evolved into a grand cultural event featuring horse racing, wrestling, and singing. The Jingpo Ethnic Group’s Munao Zongge Festival The Jingpo Ethnic Group’s Munao Zongge Festival, known as the “heavenly dance,” is the most important celebration for the Jingpo people and is held annually around the Lantern Festival. Recognized as a National ICH in 2006, it is often called the “carnival dance of ten thousand people” for its spectacular sight of thousands dancing to the same drumbeat. The dance symbolizes unity and celebrates a rich harvest. Hani October Festival Hani October Festival is a major festival for the Hani people in Honghe Prefecture (自治州), Yunnan, typically celebrated in November. Its most symbolic event is the Long Street Banquet (宴会), where countless tables are lined along the streets, forming one of the world’s longest banquet tables. Dressed in traditional Hani costumes, participants enjoy feasts, watch fireworks, and take part in various folk activities. This festival was listed as a National ICH in 2006. Miao Sisters Festival Miao Sisters Festival is a beloved tradition of the Miao people in Guizhou Province, often regarded as one of the most romantic festivals. It typically takes place in spring. During this festival, young Miao girls prepare colorful glutinous rice and gifts, which they offer to young men as a way to show they like them. The event is filled with singing—especially the antiphonal (对唱) style—and traditional dances, all celebrating youth, love, and the arrival of spring. It was included in the National ICH list in 2008. 21. Which of the mentioned festivals often takes place in summer? A. The Mountain Circling Festival. B. The Munao Zongge Festival. C. Hani October Festival. D. Miao Sisters Festival. 22. What can we learn from the passage? A. The Munao Zongge Festival features people dancing to their own rhythm. B. Zhuanshan Festival was included in the National ICH list in 2005. C. Miao Sisters Festival is celebrated to pray for a happy marriage. D. Hani October Festival is famous for its Long Street Banquet. 23. Where is the passage most likely to be taken from? A. A news report. B. A travel blog. C. A research paper. D. A cookbook. 【答案】21. A 22. D 23. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍中国四个少数民族的独特节日，包括举办时间、文化内涵及非遗地位等信息。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据The Mountain Circling Festival的“Held annually on the 25th day of the seventh lunar month(每年农历七月二十五日举行)”可知，绕山节在农历七月二十五日举行，农历七月对应公历7-8月，属于夏季。故选A项。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据Hani October Festival中的“Its most symbolic event is the Long Street Banquet (宴会)(其最具标志性的活动是长街宴)”可知，哈尼十月年以长街宴闻名。故选D项。 【23题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章详细介绍了四个少数民族节日的举行时间、特色活动和文化意义，内容生动具体，兼具知识性和趣味性，符合旅游博客向读者推荐特色文化体验的风格。故选B项。 B The universal freshman fear materialized: I walked into the wrong class on my first day in my senior high school. I faked confidence until attendance was called, feeling the confusion one feels when trying to complete a jigsaw (拼图) puzzle. The front office adviser delivered worse news: a system error had messed up my entire schedule and my intended class was full. Stuck by the limited choices, I stood silent until the adviser decided for me. “How about Video Production?” she said. Without any prior knowledge or preparedness and simply in desperation to feel settled, I agreed, reasoning that fancying movies might translate to fancying making them. Before high school, I had no standout hobbies. I had tried many, but each was a puzzle piece that wouldn’t fit, leaving me with little identity and intensifying my fears. This random placement, however, was a turning point. Learning the ins and outs of filmmaking that first semester, a passion began to grow unnoticed. I realized it one day when I felt genuine excitement heading to class. It became the subject I devoted the most homework time to, a true indicator of my interest. Milestones like joining the student news broadcast team, which delivered episodes every Friday, fueled my love for the craft. This passion provided the sense of belonging I had longed for. I dedicated three years to video production, taking all subsequent courses. Through writing scripts, editing videos, and collaborating with a crew, it became a fiber of my identity. It boosted my confidence, helped me find friends, and fundamentally changed my posture from a timid freshman to an assured senior. Finding a passion does wonders for self-esteem. This serendipitous (有意外收获的) pairing of mec and video production prepared me for my life ahead. I now see life not as a puzzle to complete, but as a kaleidoscope (万花筒); my interests will continually shift and evolve: Embracing this, I am seeking new adventures at Arizona State University. I’ve applied to the State Press. I am sure that both my filmmaking fundamentals and my newfound confidence will help me contribute. I welcome this next chapter, knowing each experience adds a unique piece to the evolving picture of my life. 24. How did the author feel when he finally agreed to take the course of Video Production? A. Stressed. B. Uncaring. C. Confident. D. Angry. 25. Which was a sign of the author’s growing passion for Video Production? A. He had more confidence to find friends. B. He devoted the most time to its homework. C. He developed a talent for writing scripts quickly. D. He decided to take all the related advanced courses. 26. What can we learn about the author from his experience in high school? A. He formed his primary social circle there. B. He was naturally gifted in technical subjects. C. He decided to pursue a career in filmmaking. D. He became more explorative and self-assured. 27. What can we learn from this passage? A. Practice makes perfect. B. Chances favor the prepared. C. Every cloud has a silver lining. D. Misfortunes never come alone. 【答案】24. A 25. B 26. D 27. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者因选课系统错误意外进入视频制作课程，从最初的迷茫到逐渐发现热爱，最终通过这一经历获得自信与成长，并学会以开放心态迎接人生变化。 【24题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Stuck by the limited choices, I stood silent until the adviser decided for me. “How about Video Production?” she said. Without any prior knowledge or preparedness and simply in desperation to feel settled, I agreed, reasoning that fancying movies might translate to fancying making them.(由于选择有限，我静静地站着，直到导师替我做出了决定。“那视频制作怎么样？”她说道。在毫无事先了解和准备的情况下，仅仅出于急于找到一个让自己安心的选项的无奈心理，我同意了。我心想，喜欢电影或许就意味着喜欢制作电影。)”可知，这些描述体现作者是被动接受、无奈妥协的状态，所以当作者最终同意学习视频制作这门课程时，他的感受应该是焦虑的。故选A项。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“It became the subject I devoted the most homework time to, a true indicator of my interest.(它成了我花最多作业时间钻研的科目，这确实表明了我对它的兴趣。)”可知，作者对视频制作的热情日益高涨的标志是他在家庭作业上花费了最多的时间。故选B项。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“It boosted my confidence, helped me find friends, and fundamentally changed my posture from a timid freshman to an assured senior.(它增强了我的信心，帮助我找到了朋友，并从根本上改变了我的姿态，从一个胆小的高一新生变成了一个自信的高三毕业生。)”以及最后一段“Embracing this, I am seeking new adventures at Arizona State University. I’ve applied to the State Press. I’m sure that both my filmmaking fundamentals and my newfound confidence will help me contribute.(接受了这一决定后，我正准备前往亚利桑那州立大学开启新的征程。我已经向《州报》提交了申请。我相信，我的电影制作基础以及新获得的自信都将有助于我做出贡献。)”可知，作者经历让他变得“更加勇于探索和自信”。故选D项。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。分析全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了作者因选课系统错误意外进入视频制作课程，从最初的迷茫到逐渐发现热爱，最终通过这一经历获得自信与成长，并学会以开放心态迎接人生变化。一次意外的选课错误却带来了积极的人生转变，正好对应谚语“Every cloud has a silver lining(黑暗中总有一线光明)”。故选C项。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 The Admirable 单元重点单词短语句型语法精练 参考答案 考点夯基攻坚 小题夯基·精准突破 一、词汇练习 答案：1.recommended 2.enable 3.convenience 4.concentrate 5.effect 6.explore 7.delivering 8.view 9.obvious 10.rewarding 二、短语练习 答案：1.have an impact on 2.focus on 3.a variety of 4.addicted to 5.be concerned with 6.In my opinion 7.on the basis of 8.subscribe to 9.do me a favour 10.in addition 三、语法练习 答案：1.would have 2.would be seen 3.would get 4.was going to be 5.would slow 6.will find 7.will have 8.would begin 9.is going to rain 10.wouldn't finish 四、翻译句子 1.We never imagined that John would become a doctor. 2.He said that he would consider my suggestions. 3.When developing the app, she was confident that her app was going to be a success. 4.She told us that she wouldn’t go with us if it rained. 5.Jim made up his mind that he would buy himself a new car once he changed his job. 综合攻坚·知能拔高 一、完形填空 答案：1.C 2.D 3.A 4.A 5.D 6.B 7.C 8.C 9.B 10.D 二、语法填空 A：11.poets 12.who/that 13.for B：14.frequency 15.recorded 16.setting C：17.what 18.are designed 19.based 20.them 三、阅读理解 A：21.A 22.D 23.B B：24.A 25.B 26.D 27.C 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $