Units 3～4（语篇综合练）英语新教材北师大版九年级下册

专题01 Units 3~4（语篇综合练） （建议用时：40分钟） 阅读1 介绍了中国太空旅游的发展现状，包括一家北京太空公司销售太空旅行门票的情况、票价对比、计划发射时间、乘客示例以及国家政策的支持。 阅读2 介绍了中国神舟十九号载人航天任务及其宇航员的相关信息。 阅读3 介绍了中国航天员在太空站种植多种植物，中国研究员发现地球土壤中的细菌可以帮助植物更好的在月球上面生长，这对之后更好地利用月球资源有重大意义。 阅读4 介绍了天舟十号货运飞船成功发射并对接空间站的情况，阐释了其任务内容、技术升级以及对中国空间站长期运行的重要意义。 阅读5 介绍了中国首口万米科学探井“深地塔科1号”的完工情况，讲述了该钻井的钻探挑战与取得的重大科学成就，指出它是中国科技进步的象征，体现了中国深地钻探技术的发展，也将鼓舞更多科研人员探索地球奥秘。 阅读6 介绍了中国科学家研发“月球砖”以在月球建造居所的计划，包括月球砖的制作、特性及后续测试与应用规划。 阅读7 介绍了中国第二批宇航员陈冬将完成三次太空旅行，还阐述了神舟20号任务的科学实验与太空行走等内容 。 阅读8 介绍江苏苏州一所学校开设的智能交通课，说明学生如何通过观察汽车模型、学习编程代码以及调试传感器问题，亲手制作并完善自动驾驶模型车，体验“在做中学”的乐趣。 阅读9 讲述了Bright Bookstore面临关闭危机，店主Tim通过引入科技和创意活动使其重获新生的故事，强调了传统书店应随时代创新发展的核心观点。 阅读10 介绍了自动驾驶技术目前面临的技术、安全及基础设施挑战，并引用专家观点指出其广泛应用仍需时间。 阅读11 介绍了Stephen Hawking、Robert Zubrin等科学家及企业家支持人类探索并移居太空的观点，同时也阐述了反对者关于费用、时间及健康风险的担忧，探讨了关于人类太空殖民的不同看法。 任务型阅读1 文章主要记录了一堂英语课上，四位学生和老师关于“科技是否利大于弊”的辩论和各自的观点。 任务型阅读2 讲述了中国三名宇航员在天宫空间站轨道上进行了科学讲座。介绍了讲座的一些具体内容以及参与师生等对这次讲座的高度评价。 任务型阅读3 介绍了中国航天项目的命名如悟空、天宫、天问、玉兔源自神话或诗歌，寓意深刻，承载着文化传承和航天梦想。 任务型阅读4 介绍了无人驾驶出租车以及它的工作原理、优点、现存难题以及发展前景。 任务型阅读5 报道了在北京举办的世界首届仿人机器人半程马拉松赛事的相关事件，介绍比赛过程以及相关人员对本次机器人赛事的看法。 Passage1 （2026·辽宁抚顺·三模） Have you ever dreamed of traveling in space? For people in China, that dream is coming true. From film stars to scientists, more than 20 famous people in China have booked seats on the country’s first tourist trip to space. The tickets are sold by a Beijing space company. Each seat costs 3 million yuan. That sounds like a lot, but it is far cheaper than a trip offered by other countries, which can cost up to $ 50 million. The company plans to send its first passengers into space by 2028. The spaceship can carry six passengers. After flying into space, it will separate from the rocket at about 100 kilometers above the ground. After that, it will return safely to Earth with parachutes (降落伞). Some of the passengers include scientist Li Licheng, poet Lin Xiaoyan, and actor Mr. Huang. In a video by the company, one passenger said, “The world always needs a few people who are brave enough to be crazy.” China is supporting the tourist trip to space more than ever. In 2025, the China National Space Administration (航天局) announced a plan to give companies more chances to use rocket testing facilities (设施). Space exploration is also listed as a key industry in China’s latest Five-Year Plan. Other Chinese companies are also joining the race. One company even sold two tickets during a live-streaming (直播) event. Space travel may soon become possible for more people in China. Are you brave enough to join them on a trip to the stars? 1．The writer compares the prices with those of other countries to show ________. A．actors are very rich B．rockets are very heavy C．space travel is scary D．China’s ticket is cheaper 2．Why does the writer mention the poet and the actor? A．To show they are very famous. B．To explain how to write poems. C．To compare them with scientists. D．To give examples of passengers. 3．What did the National Space Administration announce in 2025? A．A rule to stop selling tickets. B．A new movie about space travel. C．A test for astronauts’ exploration. D．A plan to support space companies. 4．What is the best title for this passage? A．Space Travel Tickets B．The Live Show Online C．News of Movie Stars D．The History of Rockets 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国太空旅游的发展现状，包括一家北京太空公司销售太空旅行门票的情况、票价对比、计划发射时间、乘客示例以及国家政策的支持。 【详解】1．根据第二段中“Each seat costs 3 million yuan...but it is far cheaper than a trip offered by other countries, which can cost up to $50 million”可知，通过价格对比，作者想说明中国太空旅行的票价更便宜。 2．根据第四段中“Some of the passengers include scientist Li Licheng, poet Lin Xiaoyan, and actor Mr. Huang”可知，作者提到诗人和演员是为了举例说明购买太空旅行票的乘客类型。 3．根据第五段中“In 2025, the China National Space Administration announced a plan to give companies more chances to use rocket testing facilities”可知，航天局宣布了一项计划，给予公司更多使用火箭测试设施的机会，即支持太空公司的计划。 4．全文围绕中国太空旅行门票的销售、价格、乘客及国家支持展开，核心主题是“太空旅行门票”。 Passage2 （2025·山东日照·一模） ①Do you know that China has carried out another exciting space mission (任务)? It’s called Shenzhou-19, and it’s another amazing journey to our space station. ②Three astronauts, Cai Xuzhe, Song Lingdong and Wang Haoze, are part of this mission. Cai is the commander (指令长), and he once flew to space in 2022 with the Shenzhou-14 mission. Both Song and Wang were born in the 1990s. They are new to space travel, but they are very experienced. Song used to be an air force pilot, and Wang is China’s only woman space flight engineer. She is also the third Chinese woman to go on a space mission after Liu Yang and Wang Yaping. ③The Shenzhou-19 spaceship took off from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in the early morning on October 30, 2024. They went up into space and met the Shenzhou-18 astronauts at the space station. They will stay there for months and do many important jobs. ④During their time in space, the astronauts will do scientific research, go on spacewalks, and even help with building and fixing things outside the space station. They will also teach us about space through educational activities. After their work is done, they are expected to come back to the earth in late April or early May this year. ⑤Let’s keep our eyes on the stars and dream about the exciting things we can learn from this mission. Maybe one day we’ll be part of China’s space adventures too! 1．Which of the following statements about the astronauts of Shenzhou-19 is True? A．Song Lingdong was an army officer before. B．Cai Xuzhe carried out the Shenzhou-14 mission. C．All three astronauts have been to space before. D．Wang Haoze is the first Chinese woman space flight astronaut. 2．How long will the astronauts stay in space? A．For over a year. B．For around half a year. C．For about a month. D．For less than three months. 3．What is the article mainly about? A．Another space mission of China. B．The history of space exploration. C．Astronauts’ personal stories. D．China’s space plan. 4．Which is the right structure of the passage? （①= Paragraph 1②= Paragraph 2…） A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了中国神舟十九号载人航天任务及其宇航员的相关信息。 1．细节理解题。根据“Cai is the commander (指令长), and he once flew to space in 2022 with the Shenzhou-14 mission.”可知蔡旭哲曾执行过神舟十四号任务，故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据“The Shenzhou-19 spaceship took off from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in the early morning on October 30, 2024...They will stay there for months and do many important jobs.”和“they are expected to come back to the earth in late April or early May this year.”可知，宇航员在2024年10月30日出发，将在太空停留数月，预计在4月底或5月初返回地球，故选B。 3．主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了中国神舟十九号载人航天任务及其宇航员的相关信息，故选A。 4．篇章结构题。根据文章段落内容可知，第一段介绍任务背景，第二段介绍宇航员信息，第三段介绍发射和对接情况，第四段介绍任务内容，第五段总结展望，全文是总分总。故选D。 Passage3 （2024·江苏扬州·二模）Since the astronauts stay in space for a longer and longer time, carrying all food to space becomes more and more difficult. So, “space planting” becomes very important. The Shenzhou XI astronauts managed to grow lettuce (生菜), from sowing to harvest. After that, the “space farmers” have successfully grown wheat, rice. The most recent visitors to China’s space station, the Shenzhou XVII astronauts are now growing lettuce and cherry tomato. These “space gardens” not only provide astronauts with food but also more oxygen and water. Now the astronauts want to step out of the space station and explore the possibility of growing plants on the moon. A new study Chinese scientists has found that bacteria (细菌) in soil from Earth could offer a solution. Researchers from China Agricultural University found out three kinds of bacteria from Earth ware good for plant growth. They then grew model plants in the lunar soil with the bacteria.They found that the plants had longer stems (茎) and roots after six days of growth compared with those grown without the bacteria.The plants also had heavier and wider leaves after 24 days of growth. Besides, levels of  chlorophyll (叶绿素) in the model plants were about double that of those grown without bacteria. “The study results have an important influence for future long-term stays on the moon.” the study’s lead researcher, Sun Zhencai said. Earth bacteria may help astronauts make better use of lunar resources, such as creating lunar greenhouses. In their following research, they hope to grow crops like rice, corn and potatoes with real lunar soil samples. 1．What can we learn from the first paragraph? A．Wheat is the first plant to grow in China’s space station. B．Space gardens provide astronauts with food, light and water. C．Chinese astronauts have made some progress in space planting. D．Chinese astronauts have managed to grow some plants on the moon. 2．What could make it possible to grow plants on the moon? A．Earth bacteria. B．Lunar bacteria. C．Earth soil. D．Lunar soil. 3．Paragraph 4 tells us lunar soil with the bacteria can ________. A．make the plants’ stems shorter B．make the plants grow better C．make the plants’ leaves lighter D．make levels of chlorophyll lower 4．What does the underlined word “their” in the last paragraph refer to (指的是)? A．Researchers. B．Astronauts. C．Visitors. D．Farmers. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国航天员在太空站种植多种植物，中国研究员发现地球土壤中的细菌可以帮助植物更好的在月球上面生长，这对之后更好地利用月球资源有重大意义。 【详解】1．主旨大意题。根据“The most recent visitors to China’s space station, the Shenzhou XVll astronauts are now growing lettuce and cherry tomato.”可知，中国航天员在太空的种植技术取得了进步。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“A new study Chinese scientists has found that bacteria (细菌) in soil from Earth could offer a solution.”可知，地球土壤中的细菌会影响植物在月球表面的生长。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“They found that the plants had longer stems (茎) and roots after six days of growth compared with those grown without the bacteria. The plants also had heavier and wider leaves after 24 days of growth. Besides, levels of chlorophyll (叶绿素) in the model plants were about double that of those grown without bacteria.”可知，含有细菌的月球土壤可以使植物长得更好。故选B。 4．词句猜测题。根据“…the study’s lead researcher, Sun Zhencai said.”可推断出，their指的是researchers。故选A。 Passage4 （2026·湖南·模拟预测） Tianzhou-10: The Space Station’s Reliable Helper On May 11, 2026, China’s Tianzhou-10 cargo spacecraft (货运飞船) was sent into space successfully from the Wenchang Space Launch Site in Hainan. Just a few hours later, it docked (对接) perfectly with China’s space station. This was the 10th successful mission of the Tianzhou series, so people call it “ten missions, ten victories”. Tianzhou spacecraft are like “all-around helpers” for the space station. Their main job is to send supplies to astronauts in space, such as food, water, scientific equipment and fuel. Tianzhou-10 carried over 6 tons of things. They included fresh fruits and vegetables for the astronauts, parts to fix things on the station, and many new science experiment packages. What makes Tianzhou-10 special is that it can carry more things. Thanks to a new storage design, it can carry about 20% more cargo than earlier models. Engineers also made its automatic docking technology better. Now it can connect with the space station faster and more accurately than before. The success of the Tianzhou program shows China is making steady progress in space exploration. From Tianzhou-1 in 2017 to Tianzhou-10 in 2026, none of the missions have failed. This reliability is very important for the space station to work for more than ten years. Every Tianzhou mission brings not just supplies, but also hope—hope for new scientific discoveries and the future of human space exploration. 1．What does the Tianzhou cargo spacecraft mainly do? A．It carries astronauts to the moon. B．It repairs broken satellites. C．It sends supplies to the space station. 2．The underlined word “reliability” in Paragraph 4 most probably means ________. A．the ability to work well without failing B．the speed of finishing a task C．the ability to carry heavy things 3．What is the author’s attitude towards the Tianzhou program? A．Doubtful about its future development. B．Proud and hopeful about its achievements. C．Worried about its high cost and risks. 4．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To introduce the basic information of Tianzhou-10 and its importance. B．To compare Tianzhou-10 with other earlier Tianzhou models. C．To discuss the problems and challenges of China’s space exploration. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文介绍了天舟十号货运飞船成功发射并对接空间站的情况，阐释了其任务内容、技术升级以及对中国空间站长期运行的重要意义。 【详解】1．第二段指出主要任务：“Tianzhou spacecraft are like ‘all-around helpers’ for the space station. Their main job is to send supplies to astronauts in space...”，说明天舟货运飞船的主要工作是向空间站输送补给。 2．画线词前一句“none of the missions have failed”提到所有任务均未失败，紧接着用这种“reliability”指代这种特性，应该是“不失败、可靠的工作能力”。 3．第四段点明作者态度：“Every Tianzhou mission brings not just supplies, but also hope—hope for new scientific discoveries and the future of human space exploration.”，作者使用了“希望”、“进步”等积极词汇，体现了对天舟计划成就的自豪与期望。 4．文章从天舟十号货运飞船发射情况、任务职能到技术特点进行了全面介绍，最后一段总结了其重要性：“The success of the Tianzhou program shows China is making steady progress in space exploration.”，旨在说明天舟十号的基本信息及其重要价值。 Passage5 （2025·安徽池州·模拟预测）China’s first 10,000-meter scientific exploration well (井), named Shenditake 1, was successfully completed at a depth of 10,910 meters underground in the Tarim oilfield, Xinjiang. Shenditake 1, in the middle of the Taklimakan Desert, known as the “Sea of Death”, has set a new Asian record for deep-earth drilling (钻探), and the well was drilled using China’s self-developed tools. The digging process (过程) was full of challenges. From the surface to 10,000 meters, it took only 279 days, but the final 910 meters took more than 300 days to complete because of terrible conditions under the ground. The well met many difficulties such as tool failures and hole collapse. However, with the support of new technology and tools, Chinese engineers got over them and made an important step forward in China’s deep-earth drilling engineering. Shenditake 1 not only reached a record depth but also made important scientific discoveries. It successfully got the first samples (样本) from 10,000 meters underground in China, and for the first time, signs of oil were found at such depths on land. These findings have helped push deep-earth research forward and provide valuable information for future oil and gas exploration. Shenditake 1 is a proud symbol of China’s scientific and technological progress. It shows that China has the ability to achieve great things , just as it has done in deep-space and deep-sea exploration. This achievement will encourage more scientists and engineers to continue exploring the secrets of our planet. 1．Which of the following shows the drilling process? A．B．C． D． 2．What is introduced about the drilling of Shenditake 1 in Paragraph 4? A．Its achievements. B．Its advantages. C．Its purposes. D．Its challenges. 3．What influence does the successful exploration of Shenditake 1 have on other engineers and scientists? A．It makes them want to drill another well. B．It pushes them to protect the land. C．It encourages them to explore. D．It teaches them how to use new tools. 4．What’s the text mainly about? A．A new record about deep-sea study. B．Achievements in space exploration. C．Challenges faced by engineers. D．China’s progress in deep-earth drilling. 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国首口万米科学探井“深地塔科1号”的完工情况，讲述了该钻井的钻探挑战与取得的重大科学成就，指出它是中国科技进步的象征，体现了中国深地钻探技术的发展，也将鼓舞更多科研人员探索地球奥秘。 【详解】1．根据第三段中的“From the surface to 10,000 meters, it took only 279 days, but the final 910 meters took more than 300 days to complete”可知深地塔科1号的勘探任务前期进展较快，后期则较缓慢。选项A中的图表符合“前期深度快速上升、后期增速放缓趋于平缓”的规律。 2．根据第四段中的“Shenditake 1 not only reached a record depth but also made important scientific discoveries.”可知第四段主要介绍了深地塔科1号勘探任务所取得的成果。 3．根据最后一段中“This achievement will encourage more scientists and engineers to continue exploring the secrets of our planet.”可知深地塔科1号勘探任务的成功将激励更多的工程师和科学家继续探索。 4．本文介绍了中国深地钻探工程“深地塔科1号”的钻探过程、成果和意义，核心是讲中国在深地钻探领域的进步。 Passage6 （2025·浙江杭州·一模） Usually, we use bricks (砖) to make houses on Earth, but what about building things on the moon? Well, you use “moon bricks”, of course! Scientists at a university in China have come up with a cool idea: making “moon bricks” to build a home on the moon! To make these moon bricks, the scientists used simulated lunar soil (模拟月壤). These bricks are really strong—three times stronger than the bricks we use to build houses on Earth. Also, they are specially designed, which makes it possible to simply put these bricks together, just like Lego. A scientist named Zhou Cheng from the university said: “We have tried out five different kinds of simulated lunar soil and found the best way to make the bricks strong.” The moon bricks need to be well tested before being used because the moon has a very bad environment. Moonquakes often happen and there’s lots of space radiation (辐射). The temperature can get super hot during the day, up to 180℃, and super cold at night, down to -190℃. The moon bricks will go to China’s space station on a spaceship called Tianzhou 8. There, scientists will see how well the bricks work in space. The first moon brick is expected to come back to Earth by the end of 2025. China has big plans to build a place for scientists to study the moon between 2028 and 2035. This would be a huge step for space exploration (探索) and could help us learn more about the moon and our space. So, imagine living on the moon one day, in a house made from these special bricks. How exciting it is! 1．What cool idea does the scientists have? A．Living on the moon with plants and animals. B．Sending more Chinese astronauts into space. C．Making moon bricks to build a home on the moon. D．Solving the environmental problems on the moon. 2．What can we know about the moon bricks? A．They are easy to make by scientists. B．They must get tested before being used. C．They’re as strong as the bricks on Earth. D．They will go to international space station. 3．When is the first moon brick expected to come back to Earth? A．By the end of 2025. B．By the end of 2028. C．By the end of 2030. D．By the end of 2035. 4．In which part of a magazine can we probably read the text? A．Culture. B．Health. C．Travel. D．Science. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文介绍了中国科学家研发“月球砖”以在月球建造居所的计划，包括月球砖的制作、特性及后续测试与应用规划。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据“Scientists at a university in China have come up with a cool idea: making ‘moon bricks’ to build a home on the moon!”可知，科学家的创意是制作月球砖来在月球建造居所。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“The moon bricks need to be well tested before being used because the moon has a very bad environment.”可知，月球砖在使用前必须经过测试。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“The first moon brick is expected to come back to Earth by the end of 2025.”可知，第一块月球砖预计在2025年底返回地球。故选A。 4．推理判断题。文章围绕月球砖的科学研发展开，属于航天科学领域内容，因此可能出现在杂志的科学板块。故选D。 Passage7 （2025·江苏扬州·三模） On April 24, 2025, China sent the Shenzhou-20 manned spaceship into space. This day marks the 10th anniversary (周年) of “China Space Day,” a time to celebrate the country’s space achievements. It all started with China’s first satellite, Dongfanghong-1, launched in 1970. The mission carried three astronauts: Chen Dong (the team leader), Chen Zhongrui, and Wang Jie. Chen Dong is an experienced astronaut who has been to space twice before (on Shenzhou-11 in 2016 and Shenzhou-14 in 2022). He will become the first astronaut from China’s second group to complete three space trips. The other two astronauts are new to space and will work as pilots and engineers. The Shenzhou-20 team will stay in China's space station for about six months. They have three main tasks: Crew（机组人员）Chang’e: They will replace the Shenzhou-19 astronauts, who have been in space for over 150 days. Those astronauts will return to Earth on April 29. Science Experiments: The crew will study how living things survive in space. For example, they will watch zebrafish (to learn about bone and heart health in low gravity), planarian worms (China’s first experiment on how animals regrow body parts in space), and streptomyces (tiny living things used in making medicine). These tests aim to solve problems for future long trips in space. Spacewalks: The astronauts will put in equipment (设备), fix the station, and test new technologies outside the spaceship. During their mission, the astronauts will welcome the Tianzhou-9 supply ship and the Shenzhou-21 manned mission. This will help keep supplies and teamwork going smoothly. They plan to come back to Earth in late October 2025 at the Dongfeng Landing Site. 1．What makes Chen Dong special in the Shenzhou-20 mission? A．He is the team leader of Shenzhou-19. B．He has the least space experience in the crew. C．He will be the first second-group astronaut to finish three space trips. D．He will lead the Shenzhou-21 manned mission. 2．How does Shenzhou-20 mission contribute to future long-term space exploration? A．By doing experiments on living things in low gravity. B．By organizing celebrations for the 10th anniversary of China Space Day. C．By returning the Shenzhou-19 astronauts to Earth. D．By only replacing the Shenzhou-19 astronauts without any other research. 3．Why do they study zebrafish in space? A．To make new medicines with tiny living things B．To learn about bone and heart health in low gravity. C．To see how animals regrow body parts. D．To study the swimming speed of zebrafish in space. 4．Which task is NOT mentioned for crew during spacewalks? A．Putting in equipment outside the spaceship. B．Fixing the space station. C．Testing new technologies. D．Doing medical operations on animals. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文介绍了中国第二批宇航员陈冬将完成三次太空旅行，还阐述了神舟20号任务的科学实验与太空行走等内容 。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据“Chen Dong is an experienced astronaut who has been to space twice before...He will become the first astronaut from China's second group to complete three space trips.”可知，陈东的特殊之处在于他将成为中国第二批宇航员中完成三次太空旅行的第一人。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Science Experiments: The crew will study how living things survive in space. For example, they will watch zebrafish (to learn about bone and heart health in low gravity)…These tests aim to solve problems for future long trips in space”可知，神舟20号任务通过在低重力环境下对生物进行实验，来为未来长期太空探索解决问题。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“they will watch zebrafish (to learn about bone and heart health in low gravity)”可知，研究斑马鱼是为了了解低重力环境下骨骼和心脏的健康情况。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“Spacewalks: The astronauts will put in equipment, fix the station, and test new technologies outside the spaceship.”可知，句中提到了太空行走的任务包括安装设备、维修空间站和测试新技术。选项D“对动物进行医疗手术”，文中未提及。故选D。 Passage8 Self-driving cars don’t need people to drive them. They can “see” the road by themselves. Have you wondered how that works? A school in Jiangsu Province has an answer. It even lets students make their own self-driving cars! The Suzhou Science and Technology Town Foreign Language School has a special lab. Students go there for their smart transportation (交通) class. In the class, they look at car models carefully. “This helps students better understand the different car parts,” said IT teacher Guo Shuang. After that, students learn to code (编程). They write programs to make their cars move and do different tasks. The class is very fun. “Our teacher always lets us learn by doing,” said 15-year-old Zhang Xiaoxi. “Each step makes me proud of what I can do.” But it’s not always easy to make the cars run well. Sometimes, they get “lost”. In one class, students tried to make their cars follow a white line. “Sometimes the sensor (传感器) wasn’t sensitive (灵敏的) enough for the car to turn in time. Other times, it was too sensitive and the car moved left and right,” said 14-year-old Xue Hongsheng. “But I felt very proud when I finally made it work.” 1．What do students do first in the smart transportation class? A．Learn to code. B．Study car models. C．Drive real cars. D．Fix the sensors. 2．In the passage, sometimes the cars get “lost”. This probably means the cars ________. A．are stolen B．become very dirty C．go too fast D．cannot find the way 3．Why does Zhang Xiaoxi like the class? A．Because there is no homework. B．Because the teacher lets them learn by doing. C．Because they can play games all day. D．Because the cars always work perfectly. 4．What is the main idea of this passage? A．A fun class for students to make self-driving cars. B．Self-driving cars are better than our common cars. C．Learning to code is the most important subject for students. D．Students in Jiangsu Province are very good at driving cars. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍江苏苏州一所学校开设的智能交通课，说明学生如何通过观察汽车模型、学习编程代码以及调试传感器问题，亲手制作并完善自动驾驶模型车，体验“在做中学”的乐趣。 【详解】1．细节理解题。由第二段“In the class, they look at car models carefully.”以及第三段开头的“After that, students learn to code.”可知，学生最先做的是仔细观察汽车模型，之后才学习编程。 2．词句猜测题。由第四段“In one class, students tried to make their cars follow a white line.”以及“the car moved left and right”可知，学生想让汽车沿着白线行驶，但传感器不灵敏或太灵敏导致汽车偏离了路线。结合常识，“get lost”在此处指汽车偏离预设轨迹、找不到行驶方向。 3．细节理解题。由第三段“‘Our teacher always lets us learn by doing,’ said 15-year-old Zhang Xiaoxi.”可知，她喜欢这门课是因为老师让他们“在做中学”。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，文章围绕苏州一所学校的智能交通课展开，详细描述了学生研究模型、学习编程、解决传感器问题并最终成功运行模型车的过程。因此本文的主旨是介绍一节让学生动手制作自动驾驶汽车的趣味课程。 Passage9 （26-27九年级上·宁夏固原·期中）Times change! The day I heard that the Bright Bookstore was going to close, I was sad. The bookstore had been in the neighborhood for 50 years, and it was a great place where people could know each other through their love of books. When I met Old Tim, the store’s owner, he said it was difficult to run a traditional bookstore. Most young people read e-books and more people bought books online. Childhood memories came back to me so clearly. A group of us kids used to go to the store, spending hours reading there or just talking with Tim. Tim encouraged us to share our ideas by writing them on a large board. A few months later, I was back and was surprised to see that the Bright Bookstore was still open for business. It was still old, but inside it was like a different world. In an area, a book reading was going on. Nearby, some readers were sharing their ideas on a screen instead of the large board. Some were reading on computers. It even had a coffee shop selling nice food. Clearly, the Bright Bookstore was in good, creative hands. Tim told me that there were more community events in the coffee shop such as book readings and even concerts and movie nights. “Well, as you can see, technology and creativity have brought my old bookstore into the 21st century! I’m so glad to see that everything I wanted to offer to the community is still here,” said Tim. No matter how times change, there are always people who love reading. With the development of technology, traditional bookstores should also change in a creative way. 1．According to Old Tim, what was the main reason for the Bright Bookstore’s closing? A．There were no community events in it. B．Book lovers couldn’t share ideas there. C．The coffee shop took too much space. D．E-books and online shopping became popular. 2．Paragraph 3 is mainly about ________. A．the writer’s early memories of the bookstore B．Tim’s way to encourage kids to read books C．the changes of the bookstore over the years D．the activities held in the community 3．What can we infer from the passage? A．The bookstore has a history of 40 years. B．Tim keeps the core (核心的) value of the bookstore. C．Readers can only enjoy concerts in the coffee shop. D．Tim refused to use any new technology at first. 4．The writer mainly wants to remind us that ________. A．e-books will take the place of paper books B．a creative mind can make a big difference C．technology brings trouble to traditional businesses D．old bookstores are no longer needed by people 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Bright Bookstore面临关闭危机，店主Tim通过引入科技和创意活动使其重获新生的故事，强调了传统书店应随时代创新发展的核心观点。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据文章第2段“When I met Old Tim, the store’s owner, he said it was difficult to run a traditional bookstore. Most young people read e-books and more people bought books online.”可推知书店即将关闭的主要原因是电子书和网上购书的流行。 2．主旨大意题。根据文章第3段“Childhood memories came back to me so clearly. A group of us kids used to go to the store...”可推知本段主要回忆作者童年时在书店的经历。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第6段“‘Well, as you can see, technology and creativity have brought my old bookstore into the 21st century! I’m so glad to see that everything I wanted to offer to the community is still here,’ said Tim.”可推知Tim认为书店提供给社区的核心价值依然存在。 4．主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“With the development of technology, traditional bookstores should also change in a creative way.”可推知作者想表达创意改变能带来巨大影响，传统书店需要创新。 Passage10 Autonomous driving (自动驾驶) is becoming an important part of future transportation, but it still faces many challenges in technology and infrastructure (基础建设). A report from China Youth Daily explains that there are two main types of self⁃driving systems today: those that use cameras and those that use LiDAR (激光雷达). Each system has its own problems. For example, Tesla’s system uses cameras and deep learning, without high⁃precision (高精度的) maps. It works well in clear weather but has trouble in bad conditions like heavy rain or fog. Other companies, like Xiaopeng Motors, use LiDAR technology, but it is expensive, making it hard to use widely. Another problem is keeping the cars safe from hackers (黑客). Hackers can break into the car’s system and take control of it using the internet. This could cause accidents or lead to the hackers asking for money. Self⁃driving cars can have problems when something unexpected happens. For example, if a traffic light stops working, the car might not know what to do because it is only trained to follow the light. Also, if a child runs into the street, the car needs to react fast, but sometimes its sensors (感应器) might not see the child in time. Besides these technical problems, the infrastructure for autonomous driving is still in the early stages of exploration, said the BBC． Many cities don’t have a clear plan for their traffic systems. Self⁃driving cars need to share data quickly and have powerful computers. Making cars and roads work together needs a lot of teamwork. But right now, many cities don’t have the technology to send data fast enough. “Even though self⁃driving cars perform as well as or even better than humans in some situations, it will still take time before they can be widely used, ” said Zhang Yongwei, an electric vehicle expert. 1．Why isn’t LiDAR technology widely used? A．It is not safe enough. B．It needs high⁃precision maps. C．It is very expensive. D．It is still under development. 2．What does Paragraph 3 say about self⁃driving cars? A．They don’t break down often. B．They can protect themselves from hackers. C．They can be hacked and controlled. D．They can deal with accidents by themselves. 3．Why is the current infrastructure a problem for using self⁃driving cars? A．Not all roads in the cities have traffic lights. B．Data is not shared quickly enough to meet needs. C．There are not enough computers to process data. D．Self⁃driving cars can only run on straight roads. 4．How does Zhang Yongwei see the future of self⁃driving cars? A．They will never perform as well as human drivers. B．They will soon replace all human⁃driven cars. C．They will cause many serious social problems. D．They will require more time for development. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了自动驾驶技术目前面临的技术、安全及基础设施挑战，并引用专家观点指出其广泛应用仍需时间。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据文章第2段“Other companies, like Xiaopeng Motors, use LiDAR technology, but it is expensive, making it hard to use widely.”可知，激光雷达技术因成本高昂而难以普及。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第3段“Hackers can break into the car’s system and take control of it using the internet.”可知，自动驾驶汽车存在被黑客入侵控制的风险。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第5段“But right now, many cities don't have the technology to send data fast enough.”可知，当前基础设施的问题在于数据传输速度不足。 4．细节理解题。根据文章第6段“it will still take time before they can be widely used”可知，专家认为自动驾驶汽车广泛使用还需要更多时间。 Passage11 Stephen Hawking, one of the world’s most famous scientists, believed that to survive, humans will one day have to move into space. “Once we spread out into space and establish independent colonies, our future should be safe,” he said. Today, the United States, Europe, Russia, China, and Japan are all planning to send astronauts back to Earth’s closest neighbor; the moon. Some of these countries want to create space stations there within the next10 years. These stations will prepare humans to visit and later live on Mars or other Earthlike planets. Robert Zubrin, a rocket scientist, thinks humans should colonize space. He wants to start with Mars. Why? He thinks sending people to Mars will allow us to learn a lot of things—for example, the ability of humans to live in a very different environment. Eventually, we could create new human societies on other planets. In addition, any advances we make in the fields of science, technology, medicine, and health will benefit people here on Earth. SpaceX is a company that builds rockets. Its founder and CEO, Elon Musk, also believes we should colonize Mars. He doesn’t want to send just “one little mission,” though. His long-term goal is to put one million people on the planet in case something bad happens to us here on Earth. Not everyone thinks sending humans into space is a smart idea. Many say it’s too expensive. Also, most space trips are not short. A one-way trip to Mars, for example, would take at least six months. People traveling this kind of distance could face many health problems. In addition, these first people would find life extremely difficult in space. On the moon’s surface, for example, the sun’s rays are very dangerous. People would have to stay indoors most of the time. 1．What is the passage mainly about? A．Why we should completely stop exploring space. B．Different views on sending humans to live in space. C．How to build a Mars colony step by step. D．The dangers of the sun’s rays during space travel. 2．What does Robert Zubrin think sending people to Mars will help us do? A．Learn to live in a different environment and improve medicine and health on Earth. B．Find a new kind of food for everyone. C．Travel to the moon in a much shorter time. D．Stop climate change by leaving the Earth. 3．What can we infer from the sentence “Not everyone thinks sending humans into space is a smart idea”? A．Everyone agrees that space travel is completely safe. B．Some people doubt whether space travel is worth the cost and risk. C．Space trips are always short and comfortable. D．The writer believes space colonization is impossible. 4．According to the passage, why do some people oppose sending humans into space? A．It costs too much and the trips are long with health risks. B．There is no plan to go to Mars at all. C．Stephen Hawking disagreed with the idea. D．The moon has no water or air. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了Stephen Hawking、Robert Zubrin等科学家及企业家支持人类探索并移居太空的观点，同时也阐述了反对者关于费用、时间及健康风险的担忧，探讨了关于人类太空殖民的不同看法。 【详解】1．主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Stephen Hawking…believed that to survive, humans will one day have to move into space.”和第五段中的“Not everyone thinks sending humans into space is a smart idea.”可知，文章既介绍了支持太空探索的观点，也介绍了反对意见，主要讨论了关于人类移居太空的不同观点。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“He thinks sending people to Mars will allow us to learn a lot of things—for example, the ability of humans to live in a very different environment…any advances we make in the fields of science, technology, medicine, and health will benefit people here on Earth.”可知，Zubrin认为这能帮助人类学习在不同环境生存并改善地球上的医疗健康水平。 3．推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Not everyone thinks sending humans into space is a smart idea.”及后文“Many say it’s too expensive. Also, most space trips are not short…People traveling this kind of distance could face many health problems. In addition, these first people would find life extremely difficult in space.”提到的费用高、健康风险等内容可知，这句话意味着有些人怀疑太空旅行是否值得花费相应的成本和承担风险。 4．细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Many say it’s too expensive. Also, most space trips are not short…People traveling this kind of distance could face many health problems.”可知，反对者认为太空探索费用过高、旅程漫长且存在健康风险。 Passage12 （2026·山西运城·二模）请阅读下面语篇，根据其内容回答问题，并将答案写在答题卡相应的位置上。 Last Friday in our English class, we had a debate (辩论) on “Does Technology Do More Good Than Harm?” We all enjoyed it because we were able to freely express our different opinions in English. Here are the views from four of us. Zhang Wei: I think technology is a great help to us. Look at China’s latest achievements. Chang’e-6 successfully brought back samples (样本) from the moon. This shows how technology helps us learn more about space. In restaurants, cooking robots are used to cook meals. Technology makes our lives easier and pushes our country forward. Li Na: Technology brings amazing things, but it also brings problems. Many students spend hours playing games on their phones instead of studying. Some even use AI to search answers for their homework. They are not really learning. Also, robots are taking away jobs. Technology is useful, but we are depending too much on it. Wang Tao: I see Li Na’s point, but I think the problem is not technology itself. It is how we use it. AI can help us learn faster if we use it the right way. Cooking robots don’t take away our cooking skills; they just save us time. As for jobs, new technology also creates new jobs. Think about the people who build and fix robots. Technology is a tool. We just need to learn to use it wisely. Chen Yue: Technology brings us many great changes. Chang’e-6 shows China’s strong space technology, and AI makes our life easier. But we still face problems. Many elderly people can’t keep up with new technologies, and our personal information is at risk. I think we should keep developing technology, but also help the elderly and protect people’s information. Let technology benefit everyone. Ms. Wang’s OpinionTechnology is neither good nor bad. It depends on how we use it. China has made great progress in AI, robots, and space exploration. We should be proud of these, but we must also use technology responsibly and not let it control our lives. Every coin has two sides. 1．What does Zhang Wei think technology can do for us? 2．According to the passage, who thinks technology brings problems to us? 3．Why does Wang Tao feel hopeful about jobs? 4．In Ms. Wang’s opinion, how should we deal with technology? 5．What’s your understanding of the new technology? Why do you think so? 【答案】1．It can help us learn more about space, make our lives easier and push our country forward. 2．Li Na and Chen Yue. 3．Because new technology also creates new jobs. 4．We should use technology responsibly and not let it control our lives. 5．In my opinion, new technologies are good for us. Because they bring great convenience to our daily life and improve our country’s development, which helps us a lot in many ways./... 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要记录了一堂英语课上，四位学生和老师关于“科技是否利大于弊”的辩论和各自的观点。 【详解】1．根据文章中Zhang Wei的发言“This shows how technology helps us learn more about space.”以及“Technology makes our lives easier and pushes our country forward.”可推知结论张伟认为科技能帮助我们了解太空，让生活更轻松并推动国家发展。 2．根据文章中Li Na的发言“Technology brings amazing things, but it also brings problems.”以及Chen Yue的发言“But we still face problems.”可推知结论李娜和陈悦认为科技给我们带来了问题。 3．根据文章中Wang Tao的发言“As for jobs, new technology also creates new jobs.”可推知结论王涛对就业感到乐观是因为新技术也会创造新的工作岗位。 4．根据文章中Ms. Wang’s Opinion部分的“but we must also use technology responsibly and not let it control our lives.”可推知结论王老师认为我们应该负责任地使用科技，不让它控制我们的生活。 5．本题为开放性问题，结合文章主旨，表达自己对新科技的理解及原因，言之有理即可。 Passage13 （2022·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·三模）Crew members of Shenzhou XII mission gave a science lecture（讲座）400 kilometers above Earth to millions of students on Thursday afternoon, December 9, 2021 in the Tiangong space station. The three astronauts Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu greeted students, teachers and other viewers when the lecture started in the afternoon. They explained their life and work inside the space station. The astronauts made scientific experiments to display interesting physical phenomena（现象）in space, for example a “water ball”. They also invited young viewers to do similar experiments along with them to see the differences between space and land environments to experience the fun of exploration. Besides, they answered questions from students during the lecture. Tens of millions of teachers and students across China, including Hong Kong and Macao watched the hour-long televised event. They were excited to have such a chance to understand more about biology, physics and chemistry through the experiments in space. The activity showed the nation’s technology development, and our students have learned some new things that we could not teach in a class. It was the first lecture of the Tiangong Class and more lectures will be held. Such activities will help spread knowledge about space and increase the love for science among young people.——Rinchen Drolkar, a teacher The astronauts’ experiments really surprised me. I would like to take part in our country’s space exploration program in the future——Wang Yihan, from Xizang 5th-grade student 阅读短文，回答下列问题。 1．When was the science lecture given about space? 2．What did the astronauts do during the lecture? 3．What do the students and teachers learn through the experiments? 4．What’s the purpose of the activities according the teachers’ words ? 5．What do you expect from the next lecture? Why? 【答案】1．On Thursday afternoon, December 9, 2021. 2．The astronauts made scientific experiments; invited young viewers to do similar experiments along with them and answered questions from students.(写出两点或三点赋2分，只写出一点赋1分) 3．They understand more about biology, physics and chemistry through the experiments in space. 4．Such activities will help spread knowledge about space and increase the love for science among young people. 5．I expect to learn about their work in the space. Because I think it’s amazing. (半开放性试题，只要没有拼写错误，语法正确，符合逻辑，即可赋分。) 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国三名宇航员在天宫空间站轨道上进行了科学讲座。介绍了讲座的一些具体内容以及参与师生等对这次讲座的高度评价。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Crew members of Shenzhou XII mission gave a science lecture 400 kilometers above Earth to millions of students on Thursday afternoon, December 9, 2021 in the Tiangong space station.”可知讲座时间是在2021年12月9日，周四下午。故填On Thursday afternoon, December 9, 2021. 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“The astronauts made scientific experiments…They also invited young viewers to do similar experiments along with them to see the differences…they answered questions from students during the lecture.”可知，宇航员进行了科学实验，邀请年轻观众一起做类似的实验，并回答学生的问题。故填The astronauts made scientific experiments; invited young viewers to do similar experiments along with them and answered questions from students. 3．细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“They were excited to have such a chance to understand more about biology, physics and chemistry through the experiments in space.”可知他们很高兴有这样的机会通过太空实验了解更多的生物学，物理学和化学知识。故填They understand more about biology, physics and chemistry through the experiments in space. 4．细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句“Such activities will help spread knowledge about space and increase the love for science among young people.”可知这些活动将有助于传播有关空间的知识，增加年轻人对科学的热爱。故填Such activities will help spread knowledge about space and increase the love for science among young people. 5．根据全文内容可知，期望了解他们在太空中的工作。因为我觉得这很棒。故填I expect to learn about their work in the space. Because I think it’s amazing. 半开放性试题，只要没有拼写错误，语法正确，符合逻辑，即可赋分。 Passage14 （2025·重庆九龙坡·一模）阅读下文并回答问题。 Wukong. Tiangong. Tianwen. Yutu. Do you know where the names of Chinese space programs come from? Wukong, the Dark Matter Particle Explorer satellite (暗物质粒子探测卫星), is named after Chinese superhero Monkey King. According to Journey to the west, Monkey King has a pair of sharp eyes which can tell the difference between good and cvil. The Wukong satellite is just as sharp-eyed as Monkey King to help scientists search for dark matter in space. The name of the space station, Tiangong, means “Heavenly Palace”. In Chinese myths (神话), this is the home of Tian Di. Now Tiangong Space Station is a home and workplace for Chinese astronauts in space. Astronauts can live and work happily in it. And China welcomes foreign astronauts to Tiangong in order that they can work together. Tianwen, China’s Mars missions (任务), gets its name from the poem Tianwen by Qu Yuan. Qu Yuan is a well-known poet from ancient China. In Tianwen, he had the questions about the sky, stars, nature, myths and the real world, showing his hunger for truth. Perhaps the Tianwen missions will end up answering some of Qu Yuan’s questions. Yutu, the moon rover (月球车), was part of China’s Chang’e space mission. The rover explored the moon’s surface and finished a lot of scientific experiments. ________ We, the Chinese people, have a long-cherished (珍藏已久的) space dream. If you look into more names of Chinese space programs, you will find that they all have beautiful meanings. So it is a serious and meaningful thing to name these Chinese space programs. 1．Is the name, Tianwen Mars Missions, from Journey to the West? 2．What is Tiangong in Chinese space programs? 3．What do scientists hope when they name these space programs Wukong, Tiangong and Tianwen? 4．Which story did the name, Yutu, come from? What did the scientists hope when they named it Yutu? Finish the fourth part of the table.（Around 30 words） 【答案】1．No, it isn’t. 2．It is a home and workplace for Chinese astronauts in space. 3．They hope these names carry beautiful meanings and reflect China's cultural heritage and space dreams. 4．Yutu comes from the Chinese myth of Chang’e and her rabbit. Scientists hoped the rover, like the mythical rabbit, would explore the moon loyally and tirelessly. 【导语】本文介绍了中国航天项目的命名如悟空、天宫、天问、玉兔源自神话或诗歌，寓意深刻，承载着文化传承和航天梦想。 1．根据“Tianwen, China’s Mars missions (任务), gets its name from the poem Tianwen by Qu Yuan. Qu Yuan is a well-known poet from ancient China.”可知，“天问”，中国的火星任务，它的名字来自屈原的诗“天问”，不是来自《西游记》，此处用否定回答，故填No, it isn’t. 2．根据“Now Tiangong Space Station is a home and workplace for Chinese astronauts in space.”可知，天宫空间站是中国宇航员在太空中的家和工作场所。故填It is a home and workplace for Chinese astronauts in space. 3．根据“We, the Chinese people, have a long-cherished (珍藏已久的) space dream. If you look into more names of Chinese space programs, you will find that they all have beautiful meanings.”可知，当科学家们将这些太空项目命名为“悟空”、“天宫”和“天问”时，他们希望这些名字承载美好的含义，反映中国的文化遗产和太空梦想。故填They hope these names carry beautiful meanings and reflect China’s cultural heritage and space dreams. 4．根据“Yutu, the moon rover (月球车), was part of China’s Chang’e space mission.”可知，“玉兔”来源于“嫦娥奔月”的故事，科学家们以此命名，希望它能像传说中的玉兔一样探索月球奥秘。故填Yutu comes from the Chinese myth of Chang’e and her rabbit. Scientists hoped the rover, like the mythical rabbit, would explore the moon loyally and tirelessly. Passage15 Imagine getting into a taxi and seeing nobody behind the steering wheel. This is the experience of riding in a driverless (无人驾驶) taxi, also known as a robotaxi. Recently, cities like Wuhan and Shenzhen in China have been testing this amazing technology. These smart vehicles use cameras, lasers, and artificial intelligence (AI) to “see” the road and make driving decisions. One major advantage of robotaxis is their convenience. They can operate 24 hours a day, making it easier for people to travel late at night. Also, since machines don’t get tired or emotional, the rides are generally safe and steady. However, this new technology brings challenges. Bad weather like heavy rain can sometimes confuse the car’s sensors (感应器). More importantly, if a robotaxi gets into an accident, it is difficult to decide who should take responsibility. Will it be the passenger, the car manufacturer, or the software developer? Despite these problems, robotaxis represent an exciting future for transportation. As technology improves, they will likely become a common part of our daily lives. 1．What is another name for a driverless taxi? 2．How do robotaxis “see” the road and make decisions? 3．Why are robotaxis considered safer and steadier than human-driven cars? 4．What happens to the car’s sensors during heavy rain according to the passage? 5．What is the future of robotaxis? 【答案】1．A robotaxi. 2．They use cameras, lasers, and artificial intelligence (AI). 3．Because machines don’t get tired or emotional. 4．They can be confused. 5．They will likely become a common part of our daily lives. 【导语】本文介绍了无人驾驶出租车以及它的工作原理、优点、现存难题以及发展前景。 【详解】1．原文第一段“This is the experience of riding in a driverless (无人驾驶) taxi, also known as a robotaxi.”，直接说明无人驾驶出租车也叫robotaxi。 2．原文第二段“These smart vehicles use cameras, lasers, and artificial intelligence (AI) to “see” the road and make driving decisions.”，直接说明这些智能车辆利用摄像头、激光以及人工智能（AI）来“感知”道路并做出驾驶决策。 3．原文第二段“Also, since machines don’t get tired or emotional, the rides are generally safe and steady.”，表明无人驾驶车辆更安全平稳的原因是机器不会疲劳，也不会产生情绪波动。 4．原文第三段“Bad weather like heavy rain can sometimes confuse the car’s sensors (感应器).”表明大雨时车辆感应器会被干扰。 5．原文第四段“As technology improves, they will likely become a common part of our daily lives.”，说明随着技术不断进步，无人驾驶出租车很可能会成为我们日常生活中普遍的一部分。 Passage16 （25-26九年级上·吉林·期中）It was an exciting day for technology fans—on April 19, the world’s first half-marathon (半程马拉松) for human-like robots was held in Beijing. The robots waited next to human runners and started from the same line. “I saw many robots running. Some were surprisingly fast, others had very lovely designs (设计), and their running styles were quite different,” said Zhang Huihui, who joined the race. During the 21-kilometer-long race, the robots had to run on two legs. Some even wore running shoes. Each robot was helped by a team of human guides, control workers and engineers. They could have their batteries (电池) changed during the race. Teams could even use new robots when the old ones could no longer run. There were 20 teams in the race and six of them finished it. Tiangong Ultra won first place in two hours and 40 minutes. “It crossed the finish line—about 30 minutes earlier than we thought,” said Xiong Youjun, CEO of a robot center. “In general, all the robots today could handle difficulties like turns and small hills on the road. It was amazing that we made history together.” “Robots finishing the race isn’t the end. It’s the starting point for the growth of the robot industry,” said Liang Ligang, from Yizhuang’s Administrative Committee. Although the robots fell now and then, the event showed that they could do real-life tasks. Liang added, “Their small steps today will become big jumps for human technological progress tomorrow.” 根据短文内容，回答下列问题。 1．When and where was the world’s first half-marathon for human-like robots held? 2．Who helped the robots to finish the race? 3．How many teams finished the race? 4．What did Xiong Youjun think of the first robot half-marathon? 5．What did the first robot half-marathon show about the robots? 【答案】1．It was held in Beijing on April 19. 2．A team of human guides, control workers and engineers. 3．Six. 4．He thought it was amazing that they made history together and the robots could handle difficulties on the road. 5．It showed that they could do real-life tasks. 【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了在北京举办的世界首届仿人机器人半程马拉松赛事的相关事件，介绍比赛过程以及相关人员对本次机器人赛事的看法。 【详解】1．根据第一段“on April 19, the world’s first half-marathon for human-like robots was held in Beijing.”，可知这场仿人机器人半程马拉松于4月19日在北京举办。 2．根据第三段“Each robot was helped by a team of human guides, control workers and engineers.”，可知一组人类向导、控制人员和工程师帮助机器人完成比赛。 3．根据第四段“There were 20 teams in the race and six of them finished it.”，可知有六支队伍完成了比赛。 4．根据第四段“‘It crossed the finish line about 30 minutes earlier than we thought,’ said Xiong Youjun, CEO of a robot center. ‘In general, all the robots today could handle difficulties like turns and small hills on the road. It was amazing that we made history together.’”，可知Xiong Youjun认为所有机器人能够应对赛道上的难题，共同创造历史，这件事令人惊叹。 5．根据最后一段“Although the robots fell now and then, the event showed that they could do real-life tasks.”，可知这场比赛表明机器人可以完成现实生活中的任务。 1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 Units 3~4（语篇综合练） （建议用时：40分钟） 阅读1 介绍了中国太空旅游的发展现状，包括一家北京太空公司销售太空旅行门票的情况、票价对比、计划发射时间、乘客示例以及国家政策的支持。 阅读2 介绍了中国神舟十九号载人航天任务及其宇航员的相关信息。 阅读3 介绍了中国航天员在太空站种植多种植物，中国研究员发现地球土壤中的细菌可以帮助植物更好的在月球上面生长，这对之后更好地利用月球资源有重大意义。 阅读4 介绍了天舟十号货运飞船成功发射并对接空间站的情况，阐释了其任务内容、技术升级以及对中国空间站长期运行的重要意义。 阅读5 介绍了中国首口万米科学探井“深地塔科1号”的完工情况，讲述了该钻井的钻探挑战与取得的重大科学成就，指出它是中国科技进步的象征，体现了中国深地钻探技术的发展，也将鼓舞更多科研人员探索地球奥秘。 阅读6 介绍了中国科学家研发“月球砖”以在月球建造居所的计划，包括月球砖的制作、特性及后续测试与应用规划。 阅读7 介绍了中国第二批宇航员陈冬将完成三次太空旅行，还阐述了神舟20号任务的科学实验与太空行走等内容 。 阅读8 介绍江苏苏州一所学校开设的智能交通课，说明学生如何通过观察汽车模型、学习编程代码以及调试传感器问题，亲手制作并完善自动驾驶模型车，体验“在做中学”的乐趣。 阅读9 讲述了Bright Bookstore面临关闭危机，店主Tim通过引入科技和创意活动使其重获新生的故事，强调了传统书店应随时代创新发展的核心观点。 阅读10 介绍了自动驾驶技术目前面临的技术、安全及基础设施挑战，并引用专家观点指出其广泛应用仍需时间。 阅读11 介绍了Stephen Hawking、Robert Zubrin等科学家及企业家支持人类探索并移居太空的观点，同时也阐述了反对者关于费用、时间及健康风险的担忧，探讨了关于人类太空殖民的不同看法。 任务型阅读1 文章主要记录了一堂英语课上，四位学生和老师关于“科技是否利大于弊”的辩论和各自的观点。 任务型阅读2 讲述了中国三名宇航员在天宫空间站轨道上进行了科学讲座。介绍了讲座的一些具体内容以及参与师生等对这次讲座的高度评价。 任务型阅读3 介绍了中国航天项目的命名如悟空、天宫、天问、玉兔源自神话或诗歌，寓意深刻，承载着文化传承和航天梦想。 任务型阅读4 介绍了无人驾驶出租车以及它的工作原理、优点、现存难题以及发展前景。 任务型阅读5 报道了在北京举办的世界首届仿人机器人半程马拉松赛事的相关事件，介绍比赛过程以及相关人员对本次机器人赛事的看法。 Passage1 （2026·辽宁抚顺·三模） Have you ever dreamed of traveling in space? For people in China, that dream is coming true. From film stars to scientists, more than 20 famous people in China have booked seats on the country’s first tourist trip to space. The tickets are sold by a Beijing space company. Each seat costs 3 million yuan. That sounds like a lot, but it is far cheaper than a trip offered by other countries, which can cost up to $ 50 million. The company plans to send its first passengers into space by 2028. The spaceship can carry six passengers. After flying into space, it will separate from the rocket at about 100 kilometers above the ground. After that, it will return safely to Earth with parachutes (降落伞). Some of the passengers include scientist Li Licheng, poet Lin Xiaoyan, and actor Mr. Huang. In a video by the company, one passenger said, “The world always needs a few people who are brave enough to be crazy.” China is supporting the tourist trip to space more than ever. In 2025, the China National Space Administration (航天局) announced a plan to give companies more chances to use rocket testing facilities (设施). Space exploration is also listed as a key industry in China’s latest Five-Year Plan. Other Chinese companies are also joining the race. One company even sold two tickets during a live-streaming (直播) event. Space travel may soon become possible for more people in China. Are you brave enough to join them on a trip to the stars? 1．The writer compares the prices with those of other countries to show ________. A．actors are very rich B．rockets are very heavy C．space travel is scary D．China’s ticket is cheaper 2．Why does the writer mention the poet and the actor? A．To show they are very famous. B．To explain how to write poems. C．To compare them with scientists. D．To give examples of passengers. 3．What did the National Space Administration announce in 2025? A．A rule to stop selling tickets. B．A new movie about space travel. C．A test for astronauts’ exploration. D．A plan to support space companies. 4．What is the best title for this passage? A．Space Travel Tickets B．The Live Show Online C．News of Movie Stars D．The History of Rockets Passage2 （2025·山东日照·一模） ①Do you know that China has carried out another exciting space mission (任务)? It’s called Shenzhou-19, and it’s another amazing journey to our space station. ②Three astronauts, Cai Xuzhe, Song Lingdong and Wang Haoze, are part of this mission. Cai is the commander (指令长), and he once flew to space in 2022 with the Shenzhou-14 mission. Both Song and Wang were born in the 1990s. They are new to space travel, but they are very experienced. Song used to be an air force pilot, and Wang is China’s only woman space flight engineer. She is also the third Chinese woman to go on a space mission after Liu Yang and Wang Yaping. ③The Shenzhou-19 spaceship took off from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in the early morning on October 30, 2024. They went up into space and met the Shenzhou-18 astronauts at the space station. They will stay there for months and do many important jobs. ④During their time in space, the astronauts will do scientific research, go on spacewalks, and even help with building and fixing things outside the space station. They will also teach us about space through educational activities. After their work is done, they are expected to come back to the earth in late April or early May this year. ⑤Let’s keep our eyes on the stars and dream about the exciting things we can learn from this mission. Maybe one day we’ll be part of China’s space adventures too! 1．Which of the following statements about the astronauts of Shenzhou-19 is True? A．Song Lingdong was an army officer before. B．Cai Xuzhe carried out the Shenzhou-14 mission. C．All three astronauts have been to space before. D．Wang Haoze is the first Chinese woman space flight astronaut. 2．How long will the astronauts stay in space? A．For over a year. B．For around half a year. C．For about a month. D．For less than three months. 3．What is the article mainly about? A．Another space mission of China. B．The history of space exploration. C．Astronauts’ personal stories. D．China’s space plan. 4．Which is the right structure of the passage? （①= Paragraph 1②= Paragraph 2…） A． B． C． D． Passage3 （2024·江苏扬州·二模）Since the astronauts stay in space for a longer and longer time, carrying all food to space becomes more and more difficult. So, “space planting” becomes very important. The Shenzhou XI astronauts managed to grow lettuce (生菜), from sowing to harvest. After that, the “space farmers” have successfully grown wheat, rice. The most recent visitors to China’s space station, the Shenzhou XVII astronauts are now growing lettuce and cherry tomato. These “space gardens” not only provide astronauts with food but also more oxygen and water. Now the astronauts want to step out of the space station and explore the possibility of growing plants on the moon. A new study Chinese scientists has found that bacteria (细菌) in soil from Earth could offer a solution. Researchers from China Agricultural University found out three kinds of bacteria from Earth ware good for plant growth. They then grew model plants in the lunar soil with the bacteria.They found that the plants had longer stems (茎) and roots after six days of growth compared with those grown without the bacteria.The plants also had heavier and wider leaves after 24 days of growth. Besides, levels of  chlorophyll (叶绿素) in the model plants were about double that of those grown without bacteria. “The study results have an important influence for future long-term stays on the moon.” the study’s lead researcher, Sun Zhencai said. Earth bacteria may help astronauts make better use of lunar resources, such as creating lunar greenhouses. In their following research, they hope to grow crops like rice, corn and potatoes with real lunar soil samples. 1．What can we learn from the first paragraph? A．Wheat is the first plant to grow in China’s space station. B．Space gardens provide astronauts with food, light and water. C．Chinese astronauts have made some progress in space planting. D．Chinese astronauts have managed to grow some plants on the moon. 2．What could make it possible to grow plants on the moon? A．Earth bacteria. B．Lunar bacteria. C．Earth soil. D．Lunar soil. 3．Paragraph 4 tells us lunar soil with the bacteria can ________. A．make the plants’ stems shorter B．make the plants grow better C．make the plants’ leaves lighter D．make levels of chlorophyll lower 4．What does the underlined word “their” in the last paragraph refer to (指的是)? A．Researchers. B．Astronauts. C．Visitors. D．Farmers. Passage4 （2026·湖南·模拟预测） Tianzhou-10: The Space Station’s Reliable Helper On May 11, 2026, China’s Tianzhou-10 cargo spacecraft (货运飞船) was sent into space successfully from the Wenchang Space Launch Site in Hainan. Just a few hours later, it docked (对接) perfectly with China’s space station. This was the 10th successful mission of the Tianzhou series, so people call it “ten missions, ten victories”. Tianzhou spacecraft are like “all-around helpers” for the space station. Their main job is to send supplies to astronauts in space, such as food, water, scientific equipment and fuel. Tianzhou-10 carried over 6 tons of things. They included fresh fruits and vegetables for the astronauts, parts to fix things on the station, and many new science experiment packages. What makes Tianzhou-10 special is that it can carry more things. Thanks to a new storage design, it can carry about 20% more cargo than earlier models. Engineers also made its automatic docking technology better. Now it can connect with the space station faster and more accurately than before. The success of the Tianzhou program shows China is making steady progress in space exploration. From Tianzhou-1 in 2017 to Tianzhou-10 in 2026, none of the missions have failed. This reliability is very important for the space station to work for more than ten years. Every Tianzhou mission brings not just supplies, but also hope—hope for new scientific discoveries and the future of human space exploration. 1．What does the Tianzhou cargo spacecraft mainly do? A．It carries astronauts to the moon. B．It repairs broken satellites. C．It sends supplies to the space station. 2．The underlined word “reliability” in Paragraph 4 most probably means ________. A．the ability to work well without failing B．the speed of finishing a task C．the ability to carry heavy things 3．What is the author’s attitude towards the Tianzhou program? A．Doubtful about its future development. B．Proud and hopeful about its achievements. C．Worried about its high cost and risks. 4．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To introduce the basic information of Tianzhou-10 and its importance. B．To compare Tianzhou-10 with other earlier Tianzhou models. C．To discuss the problems and challenges of China’s space exploration. Passage5 （2025·安徽池州·模拟预测）China’s first 10,000-meter scientific exploration well (井), named Shenditake 1, was successfully completed at a depth of 10,910 meters underground in the Tarim oilfield, Xinjiang. Shenditake 1, in the middle of the Taklimakan Desert, known as the “Sea of Death”, has set a new Asian record for deep-earth drilling (钻探), and the well was drilled using China’s self-developed tools. The digging process (过程) was full of challenges. From the surface to 10,000 meters, it took only 279 days, but the final 910 meters took more than 300 days to complete because of terrible conditions under the ground. The well met many difficulties such as tool failures and hole collapse. However, with the support of new technology and tools, Chinese engineers got over them and made an important step forward in China’s deep-earth drilling engineering. Shenditake 1 not only reached a record depth but also made important scientific discoveries. It successfully got the first samples (样本) from 10,000 meters underground in China, and for the first time, signs of oil were found at such depths on land. These findings have helped push deep-earth research forward and provide valuable information for future oil and gas exploration. Shenditake 1 is a proud symbol of China’s scientific and technological progress. It shows that China has the ability to achieve great things , just as it has done in deep-space and deep-sea exploration. This achievement will encourage more scientists and engineers to continue exploring the secrets of our planet. 1．Which of the following shows the drilling process? A．B．C． D． 2．What is introduced about the drilling of Shenditake 1 in Paragraph 4? A．Its achievements. B．Its advantages. C．Its purposes. D．Its challenges. 3．What influence does the successful exploration of Shenditake 1 have on other engineers and scientists? A．It makes them want to drill another well. B．It pushes them to protect the land. C．It encourages them to explore. D．It teaches them how to use new tools. 4．What’s the text mainly about? A．A new record about deep-sea study. B．Achievements in space exploration. C．Challenges faced by engineers. D．China’s progress in deep-earth drilling. Passage6 （2025·浙江杭州·一模） Usually, we use bricks (砖) to make houses on Earth, but what about building things on the moon? Well, you use “moon bricks”, of course! Scientists at a university in China have come up with a cool idea: making “moon bricks” to build a home on the moon! To make these moon bricks, the scientists used simulated lunar soil (模拟月壤). These bricks are really strong—three times stronger than the bricks we use to build houses on Earth. Also, they are specially designed, which makes it possible to simply put these bricks together, just like Lego. A scientist named Zhou Cheng from the university said: “We have tried out five different kinds of simulated lunar soil and found the best way to make the bricks strong.” The moon bricks need to be well tested before being used because the moon has a very bad environment. Moonquakes often happen and there’s lots of space radiation (辐射). The temperature can get super hot during the day, up to 180℃, and super cold at night, down to -190℃. The moon bricks will go to China’s space station on a spaceship called Tianzhou 8. There, scientists will see how well the bricks work in space. The first moon brick is expected to come back to Earth by the end of 2025. China has big plans to build a place for scientists to study the moon between 2028 and 2035. This would be a huge step for space exploration (探索) and could help us learn more about the moon and our space. So, imagine living on the moon one day, in a house made from these special bricks. How exciting it is! 1．What cool idea does the scientists have? A．Living on the moon with plants and animals. B．Sending more Chinese astronauts into space. C．Making moon bricks to build a home on the moon. D．Solving the environmental problems on the moon. 2．What can we know about the moon bricks? A．They are easy to make by scientists. B．They must get tested before being used. C．They’re as strong as the bricks on Earth. D．They will go to international space station. 3．When is the first moon brick expected to come back to Earth? A．By the end of 2025. B．By the end of 2028. C．By the end of 2030. D．By the end of 2035. 4．In which part of a magazine can we probably read the text? A．Culture. B．Health. C．Travel. D．Science. Passage7 （2025·江苏扬州·三模） On April 24, 2025, China sent the Shenzhou-20 manned spaceship into space. This day marks the 10th anniversary (周年) of “China Space Day,” a time to celebrate the country’s space achievements. It all started with China’s first satellite, Dongfanghong-1, launched in 1970. The mission carried three astronauts: Chen Dong (the team leader), Chen Zhongrui, and Wang Jie. Chen Dong is an experienced astronaut who has been to space twice before (on Shenzhou-11 in 2016 and Shenzhou-14 in 2022). He will become the first astronaut from China’s second group to complete three space trips. The other two astronauts are new to space and will work as pilots and engineers. The Shenzhou-20 team will stay in China's space station for about six months. They have three main tasks: Crew（机组人员）Chang’e: They will replace the Shenzhou-19 astronauts, who have been in space for over 150 days. Those astronauts will return to Earth on April 29. Science Experiments: The crew will study how living things survive in space. For example, they will watch zebrafish (to learn about bone and heart health in low gravity), planarian worms (China’s first experiment on how animals regrow body parts in space), and streptomyces (tiny living things used in making medicine). These tests aim to solve problems for future long trips in space. Spacewalks: The astronauts will put in equipment (设备), fix the station, and test new technologies outside the spaceship. During their mission, the astronauts will welcome the Tianzhou-9 supply ship and the Shenzhou-21 manned mission. This will help keep supplies and teamwork going smoothly. They plan to come back to Earth in late October 2025 at the Dongfeng Landing Site. 1．What makes Chen Dong special in the Shenzhou-20 mission? A．He is the team leader of Shenzhou-19. B．He has the least space experience in the crew. C．He will be the first second-group astronaut to finish three space trips. D．He will lead the Shenzhou-21 manned mission. 2．How does Shenzhou-20 mission contribute to future long-term space exploration? A．By doing experiments on living things in low gravity. B．By organizing celebrations for the 10th anniversary of China Space Day. C．By returning the Shenzhou-19 astronauts to Earth. D．By only replacing the Shenzhou-19 astronauts without any other research. 3．Why do they study zebrafish in space? A．To make new medicines with tiny living things B．To learn about bone and heart health in low gravity. C．To see how animals regrow body parts. D．To study the swimming speed of zebrafish in space. 4．Which task is NOT mentioned for crew during spacewalks? A．Putting in equipment outside the spaceship. B．Fixing the space station. C．Testing new technologies. D．Doing medical operations on animals. Passage8 Self-driving cars don’t need people to drive them. They can “see” the road by themselves. Have you wondered how that works? A school in Jiangsu Province has an answer. It even lets students make their own self-driving cars! The Suzhou Science and Technology Town Foreign Language School has a special lab. Students go there for their smart transportation (交通) class. In the class, they look at car models carefully. “This helps students better understand the different car parts,” said IT teacher Guo Shuang. After that, students learn to code (编程). They write programs to make their cars move and do different tasks. The class is very fun. “Our teacher always lets us learn by doing,” said 15-year-old Zhang Xiaoxi. “Each step makes me proud of what I can do.” But it’s not always easy to make the cars run well. Sometimes, they get “lost”. In one class, students tried to make their cars follow a white line. “Sometimes the sensor (传感器) wasn’t sensitive (灵敏的) enough for the car to turn in time. Other times, it was too sensitive and the car moved left and right,” said 14-year-old Xue Hongsheng. “But I felt very proud when I finally made it work.” 1．What do students do first in the smart transportation class? A．Learn to code. B．Study car models. C．Drive real cars. D．Fix the sensors. 2．In the passage, sometimes the cars get “lost”. This probably means the cars ________. A．are stolen B．become very dirty C．go too fast D．cannot find the way 3．Why does Zhang Xiaoxi like the class? A．Because there is no homework. B．Because the teacher lets them learn by doing. C．Because they can play games all day. D．Because the cars always work perfectly. 4．What is the main idea of this passage? A．A fun class for students to make self-driving cars. B．Self-driving cars are better than our common cars. C．Learning to code is the most important subject for students. D．Students in Jiangsu Province are very good at driving cars. Passage9 （26-27九年级上·宁夏固原·期中）Times change! The day I heard that the Bright Bookstore was going to close, I was sad. The bookstore had been in the neighborhood for 50 years, and it was a great place where people could know each other through their love of books. When I met Old Tim, the store’s owner, he said it was difficult to run a traditional bookstore. Most young people read e-books and more people bought books online. Childhood memories came back to me so clearly. A group of us kids used to go to the store, spending hours reading there or just talking with Tim. Tim encouraged us to share our ideas by writing them on a large board. A few months later, I was back and was surprised to see that the Bright Bookstore was still open for business. It was still old, but inside it was like a different world. In an area, a book reading was going on. Nearby, some readers were sharing their ideas on a screen instead of the large board. Some were reading on computers. It even had a coffee shop selling nice food. Clearly, the Bright Bookstore was in good, creative hands. Tim told me that there were more community events in the coffee shop such as book readings and even concerts and movie nights. “Well, as you can see, technology and creativity have brought my old bookstore into the 21st century! I’m so glad to see that everything I wanted to offer to the community is still here,” said Tim. No matter how times change, there are always people who love reading. With the development of technology, traditional bookstores should also change in a creative way. 1．According to Old Tim, what was the main reason for the Bright Bookstore’s closing? A．There were no community events in it. B．Book lovers couldn’t share ideas there. C．The coffee shop took too much space. D．E-books and online shopping became popular. 2．Paragraph 3 is mainly about ________. A．the writer’s early memories of the bookstore B．Tim’s way to encourage kids to read books C．the changes of the bookstore over the years D．the activities held in the community 3．What can we infer from the passage? A．The bookstore has a history of 40 years. B．Tim keeps the core (核心的) value of the bookstore. C．Readers can only enjoy concerts in the coffee shop. D．Tim refused to use any new technology at first. 4．The writer mainly wants to remind us that ________. A．e-books will take the place of paper books B．a creative mind can make a big difference C．technology brings trouble to traditional businesses D．old bookstores are no longer needed by people Passage10 Autonomous driving (自动驾驶) is becoming an important part of future transportation, but it still faces many challenges in technology and infrastructure (基础建设). A report from China Youth Daily explains that there are two main types of self⁃driving systems today: those that use cameras and those that use LiDAR (激光雷达). Each system has its own problems. For example, Tesla’s system uses cameras and deep learning, without high⁃precision (高精度的) maps. It works well in clear weather but has trouble in bad conditions like heavy rain or fog. Other companies, like Xiaopeng Motors, use LiDAR technology, but it is expensive, making it hard to use widely. Another problem is keeping the cars safe from hackers (黑客). Hackers can break into the car’s system and take control of it using the internet. This could cause accidents or lead to the hackers asking for money. Self⁃driving cars can have problems when something unexpected happens. For example, if a traffic light stops working, the car might not know what to do because it is only trained to follow the light. Also, if a child runs into the street, the car needs to react fast, but sometimes its sensors (感应器) might not see the child in time. Besides these technical problems, the infrastructure for autonomous driving is still in the early stages of exploration, said the BBC． Many cities don’t have a clear plan for their traffic systems. Self⁃driving cars need to share data quickly and have powerful computers. Making cars and roads work together needs a lot of teamwork. But right now, many cities don’t have the technology to send data fast enough. “Even though self⁃driving cars perform as well as or even better than humans in some situations, it will still take time before they can be widely used, ” said Zhang Yongwei, an electric vehicle expert. 1．Why isn’t LiDAR technology widely used? A．It is not safe enough. B．It needs high⁃precision maps. C．It is very expensive. D．It is still under development. 2．What does Paragraph 3 say about self⁃driving cars? A．They don’t break down often. B．They can protect themselves from hackers. C．They can be hacked and controlled. D．They can deal with accidents by themselves. 3．Why is the current infrastructure a problem for using self⁃driving cars? A．Not all roads in the cities have traffic lights. B．Data is not shared quickly enough to meet needs. C．There are not enough computers to process data. D．Self⁃driving cars can only run on straight roads. 4．How does Zhang Yongwei see the future of self⁃driving cars? A．They will never perform as well as human drivers. B．They will soon replace all human⁃driven cars. C．They will cause many serious social problems. D．They will require more time for development. Passage11 Stephen Hawking, one of the world’s most famous scientists, believed that to survive, humans will one day have to move into space. “Once we spread out into space and establish independent colonies, our future should be safe,” he said. Today, the United States, Europe, Russia, China, and Japan are all planning to send astronauts back to Earth’s closest neighbor; the moon. Some of these countries want to create space stations there within the next10 years. These stations will prepare humans to visit and later live on Mars or other Earthlike planets. Robert Zubrin, a rocket scientist, thinks humans should colonize space. He wants to start with Mars. Why? He thinks sending people to Mars will allow us to learn a lot of things—for example, the ability of humans to live in a very different environment. Eventually, we could create new human societies on other planets. In addition, any advances we make in the fields of science, technology, medicine, and health will benefit people here on Earth. SpaceX is a company that builds rockets. Its founder and CEO, Elon Musk, also believes we should colonize Mars. He doesn’t want to send just “one little mission,” though. His long-term goal is to put one million people on the planet in case something bad happens to us here on Earth. Not everyone thinks sending humans into space is a smart idea. Many say it’s too expensive. Also, most space trips are not short. A one-way trip to Mars, for example, would take at least six months. People traveling this kind of distance could face many health problems. In addition, these first people would find life extremely difficult in space. On the moon’s surface, for example, the sun’s rays are very dangerous. People would have to stay indoors most of the time. 1．What is the passage mainly about? A．Why we should completely stop exploring space. B．Different views on sending humans to live in space. C．How to build a Mars colony step by step. D．The dangers of the sun’s rays during space travel. 2．What does Robert Zubrin think sending people to Mars will help us do? A．Learn to live in a different environment and improve medicine and health on Earth. B．Find a new kind of food for everyone. C．Travel to the moon in a much shorter time. D．Stop climate change by leaving the Earth. 3．What can we infer from the sentence “Not everyone thinks sending humans into space is a smart idea”? A．Everyone agrees that space travel is completely safe. B．Some people doubt whether space travel is worth the cost and risk. C．Space trips are always short and comfortable. D．The writer believes space colonization is impossible. 4．According to the passage, why do some people oppose sending humans into space? A．It costs too much and the trips are long with health risks. B．There is no plan to go to Mars at all. C．Stephen Hawking disagreed with the idea. D．The moon has no water or air. Passage12 （2026·山西运城·二模）请阅读下面语篇，根据其内容回答问题，并将答案写在答题卡相应的位置上。 Last Friday in our English class, we had a debate (辩论) on “Does Technology Do More Good Than Harm?” We all enjoyed it because we were able to freely express our different opinions in English. Here are the views from four of us. Zhang Wei: I think technology is a great help to us. Look at China’s latest achievements. Chang’e-6 successfully brought back samples (样本) from the moon. This shows how technology helps us learn more about space. In restaurants, cooking robots are used to cook meals. Technology makes our lives easier and pushes our country forward. Li Na: Technology brings amazing things, but it also brings problems. Many students spend hours playing games on their phones instead of studying. Some even use AI to search answers for their homework. They are not really learning. Also, robots are taking away jobs. Technology is useful, but we are depending too much on it. Wang Tao: I see Li Na’s point, but I think the problem is not technology itself. It is how we use it. AI can help us learn faster if we use it the right way. Cooking robots don’t take away our cooking skills; they just save us time. As for jobs, new technology also creates new jobs. Think about the people who build and fix robots. Technology is a tool. We just need to learn to use it wisely. Chen Yue: Technology brings us many great changes. Chang’e-6 shows China’s strong space technology, and AI makes our life easier. But we still face problems. Many elderly people can’t keep up with new technologies, and our personal information is at risk. I think we should keep developing technology, but also help the elderly and protect people’s information. Let technology benefit everyone. Ms. Wang’s OpinionTechnology is neither good nor bad. It depends on how we use it. China has made great progress in AI, robots, and space exploration. We should be proud of these, but we must also use technology responsibly and not let it control our lives. Every coin has two sides. 1．What does Zhang Wei think technology can do for us? 2．According to the passage, who thinks technology brings problems to us? 3．Why does Wang Tao feel hopeful about jobs? 4．In Ms. Wang’s opinion, how should we deal with technology? 5．What’s your understanding of the new technology? Why do you think so? Passage13 （2022·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·三模）Crew members of Shenzhou XII mission gave a science lecture（讲座）400 kilometers above Earth to millions of students on Thursday afternoon, December 9, 2021 in the Tiangong space station. The three astronauts Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu greeted students, teachers and other viewers when the lecture started in the afternoon. They explained their life and work inside the space station. The astronauts made scientific experiments to display interesting physical phenomena（现象）in space, for example a “water ball”. They also invited young viewers to do similar experiments along with them to see the differences between space and land environments to experience the fun of exploration. Besides, they answered questions from students during the lecture. Tens of millions of teachers and students across China, including Hong Kong and Macao watched the hour-long televised event. They were excited to have such a chance to understand more about biology, physics and chemistry through the experiments in space. The activity showed the nation’s technology development, and our students have learned some new things that we could not teach in a class. It was the first lecture of the Tiangong Class and more lectures will be held. Such activities will help spread knowledge about space and increase the love for science among young people.——Rinchen Drolkar, a teacher The astronauts’ experiments really surprised me. I would like to take part in our country’s space exploration program in the future——Wang Yihan, from Xizang 5th-grade student 阅读短文，回答下列问题。 1．When was the science lecture given about space? 2．What did the astronauts do during the lecture? 3．What do the students and teachers learn through the experiments? 4．What’s the purpose of the activities according the teachers’ words ? 5．What do you expect from the next lecture? Why? Passage14 （2025·重庆九龙坡·一模）阅读下文并回答问题。 Wukong. Tiangong. Tianwen. Yutu. Do you know where the names of Chinese space programs come from? Wukong, the Dark Matter Particle Explorer satellite (暗物质粒子探测卫星), is named after Chinese superhero Monkey King. According to Journey to the west, Monkey King has a pair of sharp eyes which can tell the difference between good and cvil. The Wukong satellite is just as sharp-eyed as Monkey King to help scientists search for dark matter in space. The name of the space station, Tiangong, means “Heavenly Palace”. In Chinese myths (神话), this is the home of Tian Di. Now Tiangong Space Station is a home and workplace for Chinese astronauts in space. Astronauts can live and work happily in it. And China welcomes foreign astronauts to Tiangong in order that they can work together. Tianwen, China’s Mars missions (任务), gets its name from the poem Tianwen by Qu Yuan. Qu Yuan is a well-known poet from ancient China. In Tianwen, he had the questions about the sky, stars, nature, myths and the real world, showing his hunger for truth. Perhaps the Tianwen missions will end up answering some of Qu Yuan’s questions. Yutu, the moon rover (月球车), was part of China’s Chang’e space mission. The rover explored the moon’s surface and finished a lot of scientific experiments. ________ We, the Chinese people, have a long-cherished (珍藏已久的) space dream. If you look into more names of Chinese space programs, you will find that they all have beautiful meanings. So it is a serious and meaningful thing to name these Chinese space programs. 1．Is the name, Tianwen Mars Missions, from Journey to the West? 2．What is Tiangong in Chinese space programs? 3．What do scientists hope when they name these space programs Wukong, Tiangong and Tianwen? 4．Which story did the name, Yutu, come from? What did the scientists hope when they named it Yutu? Finish the fourth part of the table.（Around 30 words） Passage15 Imagine getting into a taxi and seeing nobody behind the steering wheel. This is the experience of riding in a driverless (无人驾驶) taxi, also known as a robotaxi. Recently, cities like Wuhan and Shenzhen in China have been testing this amazing technology. These smart vehicles use cameras, lasers, and artificial intelligence (AI) to “see” the road and make driving decisions. One major advantage of robotaxis is their convenience. They can operate 24 hours a day, making it easier for people to travel late at night. Also, since machines don’t get tired or emotional, the rides are generally safe and steady. However, this new technology brings challenges. Bad weather like heavy rain can sometimes confuse the car’s sensors (感应器). More importantly, if a robotaxi gets into an accident, it is difficult to decide who should take responsibility. Will it be the passenger, the car manufacturer, or the software developer? Despite these problems, robotaxis represent an exciting future for transportation. As technology improves, they will likely become a common part of our daily lives. 1．What is another name for a driverless taxi? 2．How do robotaxis “see” the road and make decisions? 3．Why are robotaxis considered safer and steadier than human-driven cars? 4．What happens to the car’s sensors during heavy rain according to the passage? 5．What is the future of robotaxis? Passage16 （25-26九年级上·吉林·期中）It was an exciting day for technology fans—on April 19, the world’s first half-marathon (半程马拉松) for human-like robots was held in Beijing. The robots waited next to human runners and started from the same line. “I saw many robots running. Some were surprisingly fast, others had very lovely designs (设计), and their running styles were quite different,” said Zhang Huihui, who joined the race. During the 21-kilometer-long race, the robots had to run on two legs. Some even wore running shoes. Each robot was helped by a team of human guides, control workers and engineers. They could have their batteries (电池) changed during the race. Teams could even use new robots when the old ones could no longer run. There were 20 teams in the race and six of them finished it. Tiangong Ultra won first place in two hours and 40 minutes. “It crossed the finish line—about 30 minutes earlier than we thought,” said Xiong Youjun, CEO of a robot center. “In general, all the robots today could handle difficulties like turns and small hills on the road. It was amazing that we made history together.” “Robots finishing the race isn’t the end. It’s the starting point for the growth of the robot industry,” said Liang Ligang, from Yizhuang’s Administrative Committee. Although the robots fell now and then, the event showed that they could do real-life tasks. Liang added, “Their small steps today will become big jumps for human technological progress tomorrow.” 根据短文内容，回答下列问题。 1．When and where was the world’s first half-marathon for human-like robots held? 2．Who helped the robots to finish the race? 3．How many teams finished the race? 4．What did Xiong Youjun think of the first robot half-marathon? 5．What did the first robot half-marathon show about the robots? 1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $