Unit 4 Exploration （单元分层自测·提升通关卷）英语新教材北师大版九年级下册

2026-2027学年九年级下册英语单元自测 Unit 4 Exploration ·提升通关 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：90分钟，满分：100分） 一、完形填空（10分） 阅读下面短文，从每小题的四个选项中，选出能填入文中相应空白处的最佳答案。 Tianwen-1 was China’s first Mars exploration mission, which carried the Zhurong rover. Its mission was to 1 the planet and look for signs of life. This was a huge step for China’s space program. Before the landing, scientists faced many 2 . Mars had extreme (极度的) cold, reaching minus 100℃, and signals (信号) took a long time to reach Earth. But the team didn’t 3 . They worked patiently and solved all problems. Zhurong found 4 evidence (迹象) of water on Mars. This was great news as it could help future humans live on Mars. The rover also took 5 photos of Mars’ landscape, showing rocks and valleys. After the main mission, Zhurong has continued to work 6 now. This project shows China’s 7 will in space exploration. The Tianwen-1 mission also 8 students. Many schools held space-themed (太空主题的) activities to 9 students. Some students made small models of space stations at home. With this success, China will 10 more space projects in the future. 1．A．change B．develop C．explore D．discover 2．A．successes B．challenges C．chances D．changes 3．A．give up B．get up C．stand up D．look up 4．A．possible B．little C．false D．clear 5．A．boring B．normal C．amazing D．colourful 6．A．when B．if C．after D．until 7．A．soft B．poor C．weak D．strong 8．A．inspired B．advised C．praised D．controlled 9．A．stop B．encourage C．ask D．order 10．A．start B．stop C．cancel D．leave 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．C 6．D 7．D 8．A 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文介绍了中国首个火星探测器祝融号的任务、面临的挑战、取得的成就以及对学生的激励和未来计划。 【详解】1．句意：它的任务是探索这颗星球并寻找生命迹象。 根据“mission (任务)”和“planet (星球)”可知，探测器的任务是“探索”星球。应选用explore。 2．句意：在着陆之前，科学家面临许多挑战。 根据后文“extreme cold (极冷)”和“signals took a long time (信号耗时久)”可知，这些都是困难，即“挑战”。应选用challenges。 3．句意：但是团队没有放弃。 根据后句“They worked patiently and solved all problems (他们耐心工作并解决了所有问题)”可知，他们没有“放弃”。应选用give up。 4．句意：祝融号发现了火星上有水的明确证据。 根据后句“This was great news (这是个好消息)”可知，证据是“确凿的、明确的”。clear“清晰的；明确的”，符合语境。 5．句意：探测器还拍摄了火星地貌的令人惊叹的照片。 根据展示“rocks and valleys (岩石和山谷)”及成就语境可知，照片应是“令人惊叹的”。应选用amazing。 6．句意：主要任务结束后，祝融号继续工作直到现在。 根据“continued to work (继续工作)”和“now (现在)”，可知动作持续到现在。until now是固定搭配，意为“直到现在”，符合语境。 7．句意：这个项目显示了中国在太空探索方面的坚强意志。 前文描述了中国成功探索火星并持续工作，说明中国在太空探索方面有“强大的”意志。应选用strong。 8．句意：天问一号任务也激励了学生。 根据后文学校举办活动和学生制作模型，可知任务起到了“激励”作用。应选用inspired。 9．句意：许多学校举办太空主题活动来鼓励学生。 根据举办活动的目的可知是为了“鼓励”学生参与。应选用encourage。 10．句意：随着这次成功，中国未来将启动更多太空项目。 前文说“With this success”，后文说“more space projects in the future”，说明有了成功经验，未来会“启动”更多项目。应选用start。 二、阅读理解（50分） A Future Timeline: Key Predictions by Leading Experts A survey of 500 scientists, economists, and technologists revealed their predictions for the coming decades. Here are some highlights. Year Prediction Probability 2030 AI surpasses humans in translating languages 95% 2035 Self-driving cars become the majority on roads 82% 2040 First permanent human base on Mars 65% 2045 Artificial general intelligence surpasses human cognitive abilities 50% 2050 Humans can live to 120 years on average 58% 2060 Global temperatures rise by 2.5°C compared to pre-industrial levels 72% Note: Probabilities are based on expert consensus and current trends. All predictions are subject to change based on unforeseen events. 11．According to the table, what will happen by 2030? A．Humans will live on Mars. B．AI will be better than humans at translating. C．Self-driving cars will become common. D．Global temperatures will rise significantly. 12．What is the probability of a permanent Mars base by 2040? A．50%. B．58%. C．65%. D．72%. 13．By which year may humans live to 120 years on average? A．2040. B．2045. C．2050. D．2060. 14．What is the probability of global temperatures rising by 2.5°C by 2060? A．50%. B．58%. C．65%. D．72%. 15．What is the main purpose of this table? A．To show predictions for the future. B．To prove that scientists are always right. C．To warn people about climate change. D．To promote space exploration. 【答案】11．B 12．C 13．C 14．D 15．A 【导语】本文是一份关于未来的预测时间表，列出了科学家、经济学家和技术专家对未来几十年关键事件的预测及概率。 【详解】11．表格中“2030”一行“AI surpasses humans in translating languages”指出，到2030年，AI将在语言翻译方面超越人类。 12．表格中“2040”一行“Probability”一列中“65%”指出，到2040年在火星建立永久人类基地的概率为65%。 13．表格中“2050”一行“Humans can live to 120 years on average”指出，到2050年人类平均寿命可能达到120岁。 14．表格中“2060”一行“Probability”一列中“72%”指出，到2060年全球气温上升2.5°C的概率为72%。 15．本文以表格形式列出了未来几十年的关键预测及其概率，因此主要目的是展示对未来的预测。 B In 2024, Wang Haoze made history as China’s first female flight engineer and a member of the Shenzhou-19 crew. Her journey from a rocket engineer to a space hero is a story of courage, hard work, and the power of a willing mind. Born in 1990 in Hebei Province, Wang Haoze grew up in a strict but loving family. From a young age, she learned the value of persistence. In 2008, she passed the Gaokao and joined Southeast University in Nanjing. There, she was good at studying and loved sports, often competing in races. After graduating in 2015, Wang became a rocket engineer in Beijing. She worked hard and enjoyed her job. But she dreamed of something bigger. In 2018, she applied for China’s astronaut program. Over two years, she faced hard tests against over 2,500 people. Although she failed many times, she never gave up. Finally, she became one of the 18 new astronauts—and the only woman in the group. On October 30, 2024, Wang’s dream came true. She flew into space with two teammates aboard Shenzhou-19. She became the third female astronaut in China’s history. Wang Haoze’s story shows that ordinary people can achieve extraordinary things. Her courage and persistence inspire people to pursue their dreams, no matter how impossible they seem. She proves that women can excel in science and space exploration, fields that were once thought to be only for men. When asked about her journey, Wang said, “The challenges were many. But I knew that if I gave up, I would never know what I could achieve. I just kept going, one step at a time.” 16．What was Wang Haoze’s job before she became an astronaut? A．A teacher. B．A rocket engineer. C．A pilot. D．A scientist. 17．How many people competed against Wang in the astronaut selection? A．Over 200. B．Over 500. C．Over 2,000. D．Over 2,500. 18．What does Wang Haoze’s story prove? A．Women cannot succeed in science. B．Women can achieve success in fields once thought for men. C．Space exploration is too dangerous for women. D．Only men can be astronauts. 19．What quality does the passage mainly highlight about Wang Haoze? A．Her intelligence. B．Her courage and persistence. C．Her popularity. D．Her family background. 20．What is the best title for this passage? A．The History of China’s Space Program. B．A Woman Who Never Gave Up. C．How to Become an Astronaut. D．The Importance of Science. 【答案】16．B 17．D 18．B 19．B 20．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了王浩泽从一名火箭工程师通过努力奋斗成为一名太空英雄的历程。 【详解】16．根据文章第三段第一句“After graduating in 2015, Wang became a rocket engineer in Beijing.”可知，她在成为宇航员之前的职业是火箭工程师。故选 B。 17．根据文章第三段第五句“Over two years, she faced hard tests against over 2,500 people.”可知，参与竞争选拔的人数超过 2500 人。故选 D。 18．根据文章第五段最后一句“She proves that women can excel in science and space exploration, fields that were once thought to be only for men.”可知，她的故事证明了女性可以在传统男性领域取得成功。故选 B。 19．文章第一段提到“story of courage, hard work”，第三段提到“never gave up”，第五段明确提到“Her courage and persistence inspire people”。贯穿全文的核心品质是勇气和坚持。故选 B。 20．文章主要讲述了王浩泽如何通过不懈努力、面对挑战永不放弃，最终实现太空梦想的故事。选项 B“一个永不放弃的女人”最能概括文章的中心思想。 C In the big sky of space exploration, Luan Enjie is like a bright star. He was born on 25th October 1940, in Baicheng, Jilin Province. Luan Enjie was smart at school. He started his studies at Harbin Institute of Technology in 1960. Later, he went to Tsinghua University and got a higher degree. He then worked hard on China’s space projects. In 1990, a rocket took off successfully. After seeing the rocket fly, Luan Enjie first thought about exploring the moon. Luan Enjie worked very hard. In 2007, Chang’e-1 was launched (发射) into space. This was the start of China’s journey to explore the moon, and Luan Enjie was one of the main people behind it. He spent many nights making sure everything went well. Even when he was 68 years old, he didn’t stop. Nine months after Chang’e-1’s success, he became an advisor (顾问), giving useful advice for both manned spaceflights (载人航天飞行) and moon exploration. In 2020, Chang’e-5 achieved a huge hit. It landed on the moon and brought back 1731 grams of moon rock. At 80, Luan Enjie still went to welcome it back. His love for space is as strong as a rocket’s thrust. In 2014, the International Astronomical Union named a small star “Luan Enjie Star”. They did this to honor China’s moon work and Luan Enjie’s hard work. Luan Enjie once said, “Going to the moon is not my own thing. It is a matter of the country and the nation.” Behind these space projects are many workers like Luan Enjie. He is not only a great man in China’s space industry but also a role model for people to learn from. 21．In 2026, how old is Luan Enjie now? A．68. B．80. C．85. D．92. 22．What was the start of China’s journey to explore the moon? A．A rocket took off successfully. B．Chang’e-1 was launched into space. C．Luan Enjie became an advisor. D．Chang’e-5 went back to Earth safely. 23．What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A．How Luan Enjie got the moon rocket. B．Why Chang’e-1 was a great success. C．When to start the moon exploration. D．What Luan Enjie did for the moon exploration. 24．What is the right order of the following events? ① Luan Enjie became an advisor.     ② Luan Enjie got a higher degree. ③ The naming of “Luan Enjie Star”.     ④ Chang’e-5 landed on the moon. A．②→①→③→④ B．①→③→②→④ C．②→③→①→④ D．③→①→④→② 25．What can we learn from Luan Enjie? A．We should spend more time on our hobbies. B．We should work together to finish big projects. C．We should give different advice on big projects. D．We should work hard for our country and nation. 【答案】21．C 22．B 23．D 24．A 25．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了中国航天事业的重要人物栾恩杰的生平事迹及其对中国探月工程的贡献。 【详解】21．根据文章第一段“He was born on 25th October 1940...”以及当前实际时间，所以他现在是85岁。 22．根据文章第四段“In 2007, Chang’e-1 was launched into space. This was the start of China’s journey to explore the moon,”可知，嫦娥一号的发射标志着中国探月之旅的开始。 23．根据文章第四段“In 2007, Chang’e-1 was launched into space. This was the start of China’s journey to explore the moon, and Luan Enjie was one of the main people behind it… Even when he was 68 years old, he didn’t stop…he became an advisor…”可知，这段主要描述了栾恩杰为探月工程所做的事情和贡献。 24．根据文章内容“He started his studies at Harbin Institute of Technology in 1960. Later, he went to Tsinghua University and got a higher degree.”②获得更高学位；“In 2007, Chang’e-1 was launched (发射) into…Even when he was 68 years old, he didn’t stop. Nine months after Chang’e-1’s success, he became an advisor (顾问), ”①成为顾问；“In 2014, the International Astronomical Union named a small star ‘Luan Enjie Star’”③命名“栾恩杰星”（2014年）；“In 2020, Chang’e-5 achieved a huge hit. It landed on the moon”④嫦娥五号登月（2020年）。正确顺序为②→①→③→④。 25．根据文章倒数第二段栾恩杰的话“Going to the moon is not my own thing. It is a matter of the country and the nation.”以及最后一段提到“He is not only a great man in China’s space industry but also a role model for people to learn from.”可知，我们应该学习他为国家和民族努力工作的精神。 D Sending information from 40,000 kilometers above Earth might sound like something from a science fiction movie, but Chinese scientists have made it come true. They have successfully kept a high-speed laser (激光) connection with a satellite in high orbit (轨道) for over three hours. High-orbit satellites are about 36, 000 kilometers above Earth, while low-orbit satellites are only a few hundred to 2, 000 kilometers away. Because high-orbit satellites stay much higher, they can cover larger areas on the ground. However, their great height also creates problems. The communication time between these satellites and the ground is very short, usually lasting only a few minutes. Besides, although satellites can send information very fast, signals from Earth travel much more slowly. As researcher Liu Chao explained, “It’s like sending ten messages from the satellite but getting only one reply from the ground. It’s hard to have a good conversation that way.” To solve these problems, the research team built a laser communication ground station in Lijiang, Yunnan Province. The station has a 1.8-meter-wide special telescope, which works like a sharp eye and can pick up very weak signals from over 40,000 kilometers away. The scientists also used a guiding laser to help the satellite and the ground station find each other quickly, and they used new technology to keep the connection steady. Their hard work led to a great success. At a distance of up to 40,740 kilometers, the ground station and a high-orbit satellite completed two-way communication in just 4 seconds. The connection speed reached 1 gigabit (千兆比特) per second, and it lasted over 3 hours without any break. This success means that high-orbit satellites can now not only send information quickly but also receive clear orders in a shorter time. “With this technology, we Chinese will be able to communicate directly with spacecraft on the moon, Mars, and even farther places from Earth,” Liu Chao said proudly. 26．What is one advantage of high-orbit satellites over low-orbit ones? A．They are cheaper to build and launch. B．They can send information much faster. C．They can stay in space for a longer time. D．They can provide service to more places on Earth. 27．Which picture shows the problem in Paragraph 2? A． B． C． D． 28．What does the underlined word “steady” in Paragraph 3 most probably mean? A．Not moving. B．Not stopping. C．Very fast. D．Very weak. 29．Why are some numbers listed in paragraph 4? A．To show how great the achievement is. B．To discuss why the connection is difficult. C．To introduce how large the satellite can cover. D．To explain why the scientists develop the laser. 30．What can we infer from Liu Chao’s words? A．China has already succeeded in sending spacecraft to Mars. B．This technology will help China explore deeper space in the future. C．The experiment was mainly done to test whether lasers can work in space. D．Scientists will soon start building more ground stations like the one in Lijiang. 【答案】26．D 27．A 28．B 29．A 30．B 【导语】本文讲述中国科学家成功实现高轨道卫星高速激光通信，介绍高低轨卫星差异、传统通信存在的问题、云南丽江地面站采用的新技术、本次实验亮眼成果以及该技术对深空探索的重大意义。 【详解】26．原文第二段提到“Because high-orbit satellites stay much higher, they can cover larger areas on the ground.”，说明了高轨道卫星覆盖地面范围更广，能为地球上更多地方提供服务。 27．原文第二段提到“It’s like sending ten messages from the satellite but getting only one reply from the ground.”，卫星向下传输信息多，地面向上传回信息少，对应卫星向下箭头粗、地面向上箭头细的图片A。 28．原文第三段提到“they used new technology to keep the connection steady”，结合后文实验连续超过3小时没有中断，steady表示通信持续不中断，Not stopping符合词义。 29．原文第四段列出40740千米、4秒、1千兆比特每秒、持续3小时一系列数据，直观展现通信距离远、速度快、持续时间长，说明了列举数字是为了凸显这项成果十分伟大。 30．原文最后一段提到“With this technology, we Chinese will be able to communicate directly with spacecraft on the moon, Mars, and even farther places from Earth”，说明了我们能推断出这项技术未来会帮助中国探索更远、更深的太空。 E 阅读下列短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 On February 28, 2025, China and Pakistan made a historic decision. They signed an agreement to send the first Pakistani astronaut to China’s Tiangong space station. 31 Under the agreement, Pakistani astronauts will take a year-long. rigorous (严格的) training program in China next year. 32 After the training, one Pakistani astronaut will be selected to join Chinese astronauts on a mission to the space station, which orbits (绕轨道飞行) about 400 kilometers above the earth. Pakistan’s Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission (SUPARCO) has already chosen five candidates, including military personnel and civilians. SUPARCO Chairman, Muhammad Yousuf Khan, said this is a great step for Pakistan’s space program. 33 Chinese astronaut Ye Guangfu, who has been to space, is looking forward to working with the Pakistani team and sharing his knowledge. China has always followed the principles of “peaceful use, equality, and mutual benefit” in space exploration (探索). By sharing the space station, 34 A Chinese official said this cooperation (合作) will bring new opportunities for scientific research and technological advancement worldwide. 35 Firstly, it strengthens the friendship between China and Pakistan. Secondly, it sets a good example for other developing countries in space exploration. By working together, we can learn more about space and make the world a better place. We hope that such teamwork will lead to a brighter future in space exploration. A．This agreement is truly meaningful. B．They will face many physical and mental tests. C．He also praised China’s expertise (专业知识) in space technology. D．When people hear about it, they were completely shocked. E．This means a new period of space cooperation between the two countries. F．China is encouraging more countries to explore space together. G．Other countries will make more effort to build bigger space stations in the near future. 【答案】31．E 32．B 33．C 34．F 35．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国和巴基斯坦在太空探索方面的合作，特别是关于巴基斯坦宇航员将前往中国天宫空间站的历史性决定。 【详解】31．根据后文“They signed an agreement to send the first Pakistani astronaut to China’s Tiangong space station.”可知，此处提到了中巴签署协议送巴基斯坦宇航员去中国天宫空间站，这是一个重要的合作事件。选项E“这意味着两国太空合作的新时期”符合语境，承接上文，说明这一协议的重要性。故选E。 32．根据前文“Under the agreement, Pakistani astronauts will take a year-long, rigorous training program in China next year.”可知，此处提到巴基斯坦宇航员将在中国接受为期一年的严格训练计划，那么接下来应该具体说明训练的内容。选项B“他们将面临许多身心测试”符合语境，进一步解释了训练计划的严格性。故选B。 33．根据前文“SUPARCO Chairman, Muhammad Yousuf Khan, said this is a great step for Pakistan’s space program.”可知，此处是巴基斯坦空间与上层大气研究委员会主席对这次合作的评价，认为这对巴基斯坦的太空计划是一大步。选项C“他还赞扬了中国在空间技术方面的专业知识”符合语境，继续表达了主席对中国空间技术的认可和赞扬。故选C。 34．根据前文“By sharing the space station”可知，此处提到中国通过分享空间站来进行太空合作，那么接下来应该说明这种合作的目的或意义。选项F“中国鼓励更多国家共同探索太空”符合语境，说明了中国分享空间站的目的。故选F。 35．根据后文“Firstly, it strengthens the friendship between China and Pakistan. Secondly, it sets a good example for other developing countries in space exploration.”可知，此处列举了这次合作的意义和好处，说明这次合作是非常重要的。选项A“这个协议真的很有意义”符合语境，概括了下文的内容。故选A。 三、语法填空（10分） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Space exploration plays an important role in modern science. During 36 15th Five-Year Plan period, China’s National Space Science Center will carry out a series of new satellite tasks, focusing on major frontiers (前沿领域) of space and the origin (起源) of life in the universe. Two key programs are Hongmeng and Kuafu-2. 37 (design) for the far side of the moon, the Hongmeng Program is made up of ten small satellites working together as a powerful team. Kuafu-2 will be the first satellite 38 (fly) over the polar (极地的) areas around the sun to collect valuable space information and send it back to Earth for further study. Since 2011, China’s space science program 39 (launch) eight advanced satellites in total. Great progress has been made in this field, bringing many new 40 (discover) of outer space. China keeps making its space research 41 (good) than before and has changed from “following others” to “keeping pace” in many high-tech fields. International 42 (cooperate) matters greatly in space exploration. Scientists work 43 (close) with research teams from different countries. All countries should unite together 44 space science can develop much faster. More new space projects 45 (carry) out in the near future to help humans explore more unknown secrets of the universe. 【答案】36．the 37．Designed 38．to fly 39．has launched 40．discoveries 41．better 42．cooperation 43．closely 44．so 45．will be carried 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍中国 “十五五” 期间太空探索的相关卫星项目、取得的成就以及国际合作在航天领域的重要意义。 【详解】36．句意：在第十五个五年规划期间，中国国家空间科学中心将开展一系列新卫星任务，聚焦太空前沿领域以及宇宙中生命的起源。序数词前要加定冠词the，15th是序数词，故填the。 37．句意：鸿蒙计划为月球背面而设计，由十颗小型卫星组成，协同工作形成强大的卫星集群。本句已有谓语is made up of，此处为非谓语动词；Hongmeng Program和design是被动关系，用过去分词作状语，故填Designed。 38．句意：夸父二号将是首颗飞越太阳极地区域的卫星，用来收集宝贵的太空信息并发回地球供进一步研究。固定结构：the first + 名词 +to do sth. 不定式作后置定语，表示 “第一个做某事的……”，故填to fly。 39．句意：自2011年以来，中国空间科学项目一共已经发射了八颗先进卫星。Since 2011是现在完成时标志，主语China’s space science program为单数，现在完成时结构has + 过去分词，launch过去分词launched，故填has launched。 40．句意：该领域取得巨大进展，带来许多关于外太空的新发现。many后面接可数名词复数；discover是动词，名词形式discovery，复数discoveries，故填discoveries。 41．句意：中国持续让太空研究比以往更好，在很多高科技领域已经从“跟跑”转变为“并跑”。句中than是比较级标志，good的比较级为better，故填better。 42．句意：国际合作在太空探索中至关重要。空格处在句中作主语，需要名词；cooperate是动词，名词形式cooperation，故填cooperation。 43．句意：科学家们和来自不同国家的研究团队密切合作。此处修饰动词work，要用副词；close形容词，副词形式closely，表示“密切地”，故填closely。 44．句意：所有国家应当团结在一起，这样太空科学才能发展得更快。前后两个完整句子，后半句是前半句带来的结果，so引导结果状语从句，意为“因此，这样”。故填so。 45．句意：在不久的将来，更多新太空项目将会被实施，帮助人类探索宇宙更多未知奥秘。in the near future表示一般将来时；projects和carry out是被动关系，一般将来时被动语态will be + 过去分词，carry过去分词是carried，故填will be carried。 四、选词填空（10分） 　place　and　survey　useful　other　benefit　that　will　use　also　operate　for　 It’s believed that a research station will be built on the moon some day. Several 46 are expected. First, the moon will be a good 47 for scientists to cooperate and do space research together. New technologies can be developed, tested, and 48 there. These technologies can then be used to help build stations on Mars and 49 planets. Second, more resources 50 be found. The moon may have some special kind of energy resources. They can be valuable as they can be 51 to Earth. It just takes time 52 scientists to find them. Third, people may live and work there. Tourists will 53 be able to visit. Some people want to be among the first visitors. It is hoped that one day humans can spend holidays in space 54 explore the universe. Humans have achieved many things that were once only dreams. It is expected 55 the research station on the moon will be built in the near future, and that it will happen during the lifetime of those who dream of it. 【答案】46．benefits 47．place 48．operated 49．other 50．will 51．useful 52．for 53．also 54．and 55．that 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了未来在月球建立研究站的预期好处，包括科学合作、资源发现以及人类居住和旅游等方面。 【详解】46．句意：预计会有几个好处。设空处前有Several修饰，后接可数名词复数形式。下文“First”“Second”“Third”列举的是建月球科研站的多方面好处，benefit意为“好处”，复数形式是benefits。 47．句意：首先，月球将是科学家合作和共同进行太空研究的好地方。设空处前有冠词a和形容词good修饰，需填单数名词。结合“for scientists to cooperate and do space research together”可知，月球是一个适合科研的地方，place意为“地方”，符合语境。 48．句意：新技术可以在那里被开发、测试和操作。设空处与“developed, tested”并列，同为被动语态中的过去分词。结合“New technologies”和“there”可知，技术可以被操作，operate意为“操作”，过去分词是operated，符合语境。 49．句意：这些技术随后可以用来帮助在火星和其他星球上建设基地。设空处修饰名词planets，需填形容词。结合“Mars and... planets”可知，是火星和其他的星球，other意为“其他的”，符合语境。 50．句意：其次，更多的资源将会被发现。设空处位于主语“more resources”和谓语“be found”之间，需填助动词构成一般将来时的被动语态。结合全文对未来月球科研站的展望，表示将会被发现，will意为“将会”，符合语境。 51．句意：月球可能拥有某些特殊的能源资源。它们很有价值，因为可以对地球起到作用。设空处前有系动词be，此处需要填入形容词作表语。前文提到这些资源“很有价值”，此处补充说明这些资源对地球有用，形容词useful“有用的”符合语境，且be useful to是固定搭配，意为“对……有用”。 52．句意：科学家们只是需要时间来找到它们。设空处需填介词。It takes time for sb. to do sth.为固定句型，意为“某人花时间做某事”，for引出逻辑主语scientists，符合语境。 53．句意：游客也将能够参观。设空处修饰“be able to visit”，需填副词。前半句提到人类可以在月球生活工作，后文补充说明游客同样能去月球旅行，also意为“也”，符合语境。 54．句意：人们希望有一天人类能在太空度假并探索宇宙。设空处连接“spend holidays in space”和“explore the universe”两个并列动作，需填连词。前后动词短语为并列关系，and意为“并且”，符合语境。 55．句意：预计月球上的研究站将在不久的将来建成。设空处引导主语从句。It is expected that...为固定句型，意为“预计……”，其中It是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的完整句子，需要填入引导词that来引出主语从句。 五、任务型阅读（10分） 要求所写答案语法正确、信息完整、切题，可简略回答。 On June 17, 2025, China carried out a successful zero-altitude escape (零高度逃逸) flight test of its new Mengzhou manned spaceship in Northwest China. It’s the first test of this kind in 27 years. At 12:30 p.m., the order to start the engines was given, and the escape engine of the Mengzhou spaceship worked well. The spaceship and its escape tower took off with the help of solid-fuel (固体燃料) engines. About 20 seconds later, they reached the planned height. Then the return capsule (舱) separated from the escape tower. The parachute (降落伞) opened easily. At 12:32 p.m., the capsule landed safely in the test area with the help of an airbag system. China’s last test like this was in 1998 for the Shenzhou manned spaceship. The Mengzhou spaceship is a new type of manned spaceship made by China for future space tasks. Different from the Shenzhou system, where the rocket was for escape and the spaceship was for rescue, the Mengzhou can do both jobs on its own. The Mengzhou can carry up to seven astronauts and meets high international standards. In the future, the spaceship will be used for China’s space station and moon exploration tasks. The successful test is important because it provides an important technical base for the next steps of the moon exploration plan. 56．Where was the zero-altitude escape flight test of the Mengzhou manned spaceship carried out? 57．How long did it take the spaceship and the escape tower to reach the planned height? 58．How did the return capsule land safely? 59．Which spaceship was tested in 1998 for a similar escape test? 60．Why is this test considered important? 【答案】56．In Northwest China. 57．About 20 seconds. 58．With a parachute and an airbag system. 59．The Shenzhou manned spaceship. 60．Because it provides a technical base for the moon exploration plan. 【导语】本文报道了中国梦舟载人飞船零高度逃逸飞行试验的成功，介绍了试验过程、背景意义及未来应用。 【详解】56．原文第一段“On June 17, 2025, China carried out a successful zero-altitude escape flight test of its new Mengzhou manned spaceship in Northwest China.”直接给出试验地点，答案为原文直接提取信息。 57．原文第二段“About 20 seconds later, they reached the planned height.”直接点明抵达预定高度所需时间，属于原文直接信息。 58．原文第二段“The parachute opened easily. At 12:32 p.m. , the capsule landed safely in the test area with the help of an airbag system.”说明了返回舱依靠降落伞与气囊系统安全着陆，直接提取原文信息作答。 59．原文第三段“China’s last test like this was in 1998 for the Shenzhou manned spaceship.”给出1998年开展同类逃逸试验的飞船，直接引用原文信息。 60．原文最后一段“The successful test is important because it provides an important technical base for the next steps of the moon exploration plan.”介绍了这次试验意义，整合原文信息作答。 六、写作（10分） 61．近期，三名中国宇航员完成了为期六个月的任务，安全返回地球。假如你是阳光中学学生李华，你最钦佩的就是给女儿摘星星的女航天员王亚平大校，请你用英语写一篇短文，向你校英语报投稿，讲述王亚平的故事。要点如下： 1. 王亚平，41岁，再次创造历史，成为在太空待了100多天的第一位女航天员。 2. 王亚平成为中国首位走出太空站的女航天员，迈出了中国女性舱外太空行走第一步。 3. 她站上了“最高讲台”，在太空舱内给学生进行了一场现场直播的科学讲座，成为我国首位在太空上课的女老师。 4. 要继续进行太空探测，还需要几代人的努力。 注意： 1. 内容涵盖要点，全文连贯通顺。 2. 词数90左右（已给出的文章开头，不计入总词数）。 3. 文中不得提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息，如校名、人名等。 参考词汇：太空站：space station 太空探测：space exploration 讲台：platform 钦佩：admire 探测：exploration 一代（人）：generation Three Chinese astronauts have completed their six-month mission and returned to the Earth safely. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 Three Chinese astronauts have completed their six-month mission and returned to the Earth safely. I admire the woman astronaut Wang Yaping most. She kept her promise that she would be back with stars for her daughter. Wang Yaping, at the age of 41, has made history again as she is now the first Chinese woman to stay in space for more than 100 days. Moreover, she is also the Chinese female who took the first step onto the space, outside of the space station. Believe it or not, she even stood on the highest platform to give students a live science lecture from space. Students consider her as the first female teacher in space. For space exploration to continue, it requires the efforts of generations. As a result, all the teenagers should study harder to devote to our country like Wang Yaping, our hero. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇说明文，为材料作文； ②时态：时态为“一般过去时和一般现在时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏，适当增加细节完整表述内容。 [写作步骤] 第一步，介绍王亚平的个人信息； 第二步，介绍王亚平在太空方面取得的成绩； 第三步，表达自己的感悟。 [亮点词汇] ①at the age of在……岁时 ②more than多于 ③consider sb as把某人看作 [高分句型] ①She kept her promise that she would be back with stars for her daughter.（that引导的定语从句） ②As a result, all the teenagers should study harder to devote to our country like Wang Yaping, our hero（动词不定式作目的状语） 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026-2027学年九年级下册英语单元自测 Unit 4 Exploration ·提升通关 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：90分钟，满分：100分） 一、完形填空（10分） 阅读下面短文，从每小题的四个选项中，选出能填入文中相应空白处的最佳答案。 Tianwen-1 was China’s first Mars exploration mission, which carried the Zhurong rover. Its mission was to 1 the planet and look for signs of life. This was a huge step for China’s space program. Before the landing, scientists faced many 2 . Mars had extreme (极度的) cold, reaching minus 100℃, and signals (信号) took a long time to reach Earth. But the team didn’t 3 . They worked patiently and solved all problems. Zhurong found 4 evidence (迹象) of water on Mars. This was great news as it could help future humans live on Mars. The rover also took 5 photos of Mars’ landscape, showing rocks and valleys. After the main mission, Zhurong has continued to work 6 now. This project shows China’s 7 will in space exploration. The Tianwen-1 mission also 8 students. Many schools held space-themed (太空主题的) activities to 9 students. Some students made small models of space stations at home. With this success, China will 10 more space projects in the future. 1．A．change B．develop C．explore D．discover 2．A．successes B．challenges C．chances D．changes 3．A．give up B．get up C．stand up D．look up 4．A．possible B．little C．false D．clear 5．A．boring B．normal C．amazing D．colourful 6．A．when B．if C．after D．until 7．A．soft B．poor C．weak D．strong 8．A．inspired B．advised C．praised D．controlled 9．A．stop B．encourage C．ask D．order 10．A．start B．stop C．cancel D．leave 二、阅读理解（50分） A Future Timeline: Key Predictions by Leading Experts A survey of 500 scientists, economists, and technologists revealed their predictions for the coming decades. Here are some highlights. Year Prediction Probability 2030 AI surpasses humans in translating languages 95% 2035 Self-driving cars become the majority on roads 82% 2040 First permanent human base on Mars 65% 2045 Artificial general intelligence surpasses human cognitive abilities 50% 2050 Humans can live to 120 years on average 58% 2060 Global temperatures rise by 2.5°C compared to pre-industrial levels 72% Note: Probabilities are based on expert consensus and current trends. All predictions are subject to change based on unforeseen events. 11．According to the table, what will happen by 2030? A．Humans will live on Mars. B．AI will be better than humans at translating. C．Self-driving cars will become common. D．Global temperatures will rise significantly. 12．What is the probability of a permanent Mars base by 2040? A．50%. B．58%. C．65%. D．72%. 13．By which year may humans live to 120 years on average? A．2040. B．2045. C．2050. D．2060. 14．What is the probability of global temperatures rising by 2.5°C by 2060? A．50%. B．58%. C．65%. D．72%. 15．What is the main purpose of this table? A．To show predictions for the future. B．To prove that scientists are always right. C．To warn people about climate change. D．To promote space exploration. B In 2024, Wang Haoze made history as China’s first female flight engineer and a member of the Shenzhou-19 crew. Her journey from a rocket engineer to a space hero is a story of courage, hard work, and the power of a willing mind. Born in 1990 in Hebei Province, Wang Haoze grew up in a strict but loving family. From a young age, she learned the value of persistence. In 2008, she passed the Gaokao and joined Southeast University in Nanjing. There, she was good at studying and loved sports, often competing in races. After graduating in 2015, Wang became a rocket engineer in Beijing. She worked hard and enjoyed her job. But she dreamed of something bigger. In 2018, she applied for China’s astronaut program. Over two years, she faced hard tests against over 2,500 people. Although she failed many times, she never gave up. Finally, she became one of the 18 new astronauts—and the only woman in the group. On October 30, 2024, Wang’s dream came true. She flew into space with two teammates aboard Shenzhou-19. She became the third female astronaut in China’s history. Wang Haoze’s story shows that ordinary people can achieve extraordinary things. Her courage and persistence inspire people to pursue their dreams, no matter how impossible they seem. She proves that women can excel in science and space exploration, fields that were once thought to be only for men. When asked about her journey, Wang said, “The challenges were many. But I knew that if I gave up, I would never know what I could achieve. I just kept going, one step at a time.” 16．What was Wang Haoze’s job before she became an astronaut? A．A teacher. B．A rocket engineer. C．A pilot. D．A scientist. 17．How many people competed against Wang in the astronaut selection? A．Over 200. B．Over 500. C．Over 2,000. D．Over 2,500. 18．What does Wang Haoze’s story prove? A．Women cannot succeed in science. B．Women can achieve success in fields once thought for men. C．Space exploration is too dangerous for women. D．Only men can be astronauts. 19．What quality does the passage mainly highlight about Wang Haoze? A．Her intelligence. B．Her courage and persistence. C．Her popularity. D．Her family background. 20．What is the best title for this passage? A．The History of China’s Space Program. B．A Woman Who Never Gave Up. C．How to Become an Astronaut. D．The Importance of Science. C In the big sky of space exploration, Luan Enjie is like a bright star. He was born on 25th October 1940, in Baicheng, Jilin Province. Luan Enjie was smart at school. He started his studies at Harbin Institute of Technology in 1960. Later, he went to Tsinghua University and got a higher degree. He then worked hard on China’s space projects. In 1990, a rocket took off successfully. After seeing the rocket fly, Luan Enjie first thought about exploring the moon. Luan Enjie worked very hard. In 2007, Chang’e-1 was launched (发射) into space. This was the start of China’s journey to explore the moon, and Luan Enjie was one of the main people behind it. He spent many nights making sure everything went well. Even when he was 68 years old, he didn’t stop. Nine months after Chang’e-1’s success, he became an advisor (顾问), giving useful advice for both manned spaceflights (载人航天飞行) and moon exploration. In 2020, Chang’e-5 achieved a huge hit. It landed on the moon and brought back 1731 grams of moon rock. At 80, Luan Enjie still went to welcome it back. His love for space is as strong as a rocket’s thrust. In 2014, the International Astronomical Union named a small star “Luan Enjie Star”. They did this to honor China’s moon work and Luan Enjie’s hard work. Luan Enjie once said, “Going to the moon is not my own thing. It is a matter of the country and the nation.” Behind these space projects are many workers like Luan Enjie. He is not only a great man in China’s space industry but also a role model for people to learn from. 21．In 2026, how old is Luan Enjie now? A．68. B．80. C．85. D．92. 22．What was the start of China’s journey to explore the moon? A．A rocket took off successfully. B．Chang’e-1 was launched into space. C．Luan Enjie became an advisor. D．Chang’e-5 went back to Earth safely. 23．What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A．How Luan Enjie got the moon rocket. B．Why Chang’e-1 was a great success. C．When to start the moon exploration. D．What Luan Enjie did for the moon exploration. 24．What is the right order of the following events? ① Luan Enjie became an advisor.     ② Luan Enjie got a higher degree. ③ The naming of “Luan Enjie Star”.     ④ Chang’e-5 landed on the moon. A．②→①→③→④ B．①→③→②→④ C．②→③→①→④ D．③→①→④→② 25．What can we learn from Luan Enjie? A．We should spend more time on our hobbies. B．We should work together to finish big projects. C．We should give different advice on big projects. D．We should work hard for our country and nation. D Sending information from 40,000 kilometers above Earth might sound like something from a science fiction movie, but Chinese scientists have made it come true. They have successfully kept a high-speed laser (激光) connection with a satellite in high orbit (轨道) for over three hours. High-orbit satellites are about 36, 000 kilometers above Earth, while low-orbit satellites are only a few hundred to 2, 000 kilometers away. Because high-orbit satellites stay much higher, they can cover larger areas on the ground. However, their great height also creates problems. The communication time between these satellites and the ground is very short, usually lasting only a few minutes. Besides, although satellites can send information very fast, signals from Earth travel much more slowly. As researcher Liu Chao explained, “It’s like sending ten messages from the satellite but getting only one reply from the ground. It’s hard to have a good conversation that way.” To solve these problems, the research team built a laser communication ground station in Lijiang, Yunnan Province. The station has a 1.8-meter-wide special telescope, which works like a sharp eye and can pick up very weak signals from over 40,000 kilometers away. The scientists also used a guiding laser to help the satellite and the ground station find each other quickly, and they used new technology to keep the connection steady. Their hard work led to a great success. At a distance of up to 40,740 kilometers, the ground station and a high-orbit satellite completed two-way communication in just 4 seconds. The connection speed reached 1 gigabit (千兆比特) per second, and it lasted over 3 hours without any break. This success means that high-orbit satellites can now not only send information quickly but also receive clear orders in a shorter time. “With this technology, we Chinese will be able to communicate directly with spacecraft on the moon, Mars, and even farther places from Earth,” Liu Chao said proudly. 26．What is one advantage of high-orbit satellites over low-orbit ones? A．They are cheaper to build and launch. B．They can send information much faster. C．They can stay in space for a longer time. D．They can provide service to more places on Earth. 27．Which picture shows the problem in Paragraph 2? A． B． C． D． 28．What does the underlined word “steady” in Paragraph 3 most probably mean? A．Not moving. B．Not stopping. C．Very fast. D．Very weak. 29．Why are some numbers listed in paragraph 4? A．To show how great the achievement is. B．To discuss why the connection is difficult. C．To introduce how large the satellite can cover. D．To explain why the scientists develop the laser. 30．What can we infer from Liu Chao’s words? A．China has already succeeded in sending spacecraft to Mars. B．This technology will help China explore deeper space in the future. C．The experiment was mainly done to test whether lasers can work in space. D．Scientists will soon start building more ground stations like the one in Lijiang. E 阅读下列短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 On February 28, 2025, China and Pakistan made a historic decision. They signed an agreement to send the first Pakistani astronaut to China’s Tiangong space station. 31 Under the agreement, Pakistani astronauts will take a year-long. rigorous (严格的) training program in China next year. 32 After the training, one Pakistani astronaut will be selected to join Chinese astronauts on a mission to the space station, which orbits (绕轨道飞行) about 400 kilometers above the earth. Pakistan’s Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission (SUPARCO) has already chosen five candidates, including military personnel and civilians. SUPARCO Chairman, Muhammad Yousuf Khan, said this is a great step for Pakistan’s space program. 33 Chinese astronaut Ye Guangfu, who has been to space, is looking forward to working with the Pakistani team and sharing his knowledge. China has always followed the principles of “peaceful use, equality, and mutual benefit” in space exploration (探索). By sharing the space station, 34 A Chinese official said this cooperation (合作) will bring new opportunities for scientific research and technological advancement worldwide. 35 Firstly, it strengthens the friendship between China and Pakistan. Secondly, it sets a good example for other developing countries in space exploration. By working together, we can learn more about space and make the world a better place. We hope that such teamwork will lead to a brighter future in space exploration. A．This agreement is truly meaningful. B．They will face many physical and mental tests. C．He also praised China’s expertise (专业知识) in space technology. D．When people hear about it, they were completely shocked. E．This means a new period of space cooperation between the two countries. F．China is encouraging more countries to explore space together. G．Other countries will make more effort to build bigger space stations in the near future. 三、语法填空（10分） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Space exploration plays an important role in modern science. During 36 15th Five-Year Plan period, China’s National Space Science Center will carry out a series of new satellite tasks, focusing on major frontiers (前沿领域) of space and the origin (起源) of life in the universe. Two key programs are Hongmeng and Kuafu-2. 37 (design) for the far side of the moon, the Hongmeng Program is made up of ten small satellites working together as a powerful team. Kuafu-2 will be the first satellite 38 (fly) over the polar (极地的) areas around the sun to collect valuable space information and send it back to Earth for further study. Since 2011, China’s space science program 39 (launch) eight advanced satellites in total. Great progress has been made in this field, bringing many new 40 (discover) of outer space. China keeps making its space research 41 (good) than before and has changed from “following others” to “keeping pace” in many high-tech fields. International 42 (cooperate) matters greatly in space exploration. Scientists work 43 (close) with research teams from different countries. All countries should unite together 44 space science can develop much faster. More new space projects 45 (carry) out in the near future to help humans explore more unknown secrets of the universe. 四、选词填空（10分） 　place　and　survey　useful　other　benefit　that　will　use　also　operate　for　 It’s believed that a research station will be built on the moon some day. Several 46 are expected. First, the moon will be a good 47 for scientists to cooperate and do space research together. New technologies can be developed, tested, and 48 there. These technologies can then be used to help build stations on Mars and 49 planets. Second, more resources 50 be found. The moon may have some special kind of energy resources. They can be valuable as they can be 51 to Earth. It just takes time 52 scientists to find them. Third, people may live and work there. Tourists will 53 be able to visit. Some people want to be among the first visitors. It is hoped that one day humans can spend holidays in space 54 explore the universe. Humans have achieved many things that were once only dreams. It is expected 55 the research station on the moon will be built in the near future, and that it will happen during the lifetime of those who dream of it. 五、任务型阅读（10分） 要求所写答案语法正确、信息完整、切题，可简略回答。 On June 17, 2025, China carried out a successful zero-altitude escape (零高度逃逸) flight test of its new Mengzhou manned spaceship in Northwest China. It’s the first test of this kind in 27 years. At 12:30 p.m., the order to start the engines was given, and the escape engine of the Mengzhou spaceship worked well. The spaceship and its escape tower took off with the help of solid-fuel (固体燃料) engines. About 20 seconds later, they reached the planned height. Then the return capsule (舱) separated from the escape tower. The parachute (降落伞) opened easily. At 12:32 p.m., the capsule landed safely in the test area with the help of an airbag system. China’s last test like this was in 1998 for the Shenzhou manned spaceship. The Mengzhou spaceship is a new type of manned spaceship made by China for future space tasks. Different from the Shenzhou system, where the rocket was for escape and the spaceship was for rescue, the Mengzhou can do both jobs on its own. The Mengzhou can carry up to seven astronauts and meets high international standards. In the future, the spaceship will be used for China’s space station and moon exploration tasks. The successful test is important because it provides an important technical base for the next steps of the moon exploration plan. 56．Where was the zero-altitude escape flight test of the Mengzhou manned spaceship carried out? 57．How long did it take the spaceship and the escape tower to reach the planned height? 58．How did the return capsule land safely? 59．Which spaceship was tested in 1998 for a similar escape test? 60．Why is this test considered important? 六、写作（10分） 61．近期，三名中国宇航员完成了为期六个月的任务，安全返回地球。假如你是阳光中学学生李华，你最钦佩的就是给女儿摘星星的女航天员王亚平大校，请你用英语写一篇短文，向你校英语报投稿，讲述王亚平的故事。要点如下： 1. 王亚平，41岁，再次创造历史，成为在太空待了100多天的第一位女航天员。 2. 王亚平成为中国首位走出太空站的女航天员，迈出了中国女性舱外太空行走第一步。 3. 她站上了“最高讲台”，在太空舱内给学生进行了一场现场直播的科学讲座，成为我国首位在太空上课的女老师。 4. 要继续进行太空探测，还需要几代人的努力。 注意： 1. 内容涵盖要点，全文连贯通顺。 2. 词数90左右（已给出的文章开头，不计入总词数）。 3. 文中不得提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息，如校名、人名等。 参考词汇：太空站：space station 太空探测：space exploration 讲台：platform 钦佩：admire 探测：exploration 一代（人）：generation Three Chinese astronauts have completed their six-month mission and returned to the Earth safely. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $