Units 3～4（语法综合练）英语新教材北师大版九年级下册
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专题01 Units5 ~6（语法综合练）
（建议用时：40分钟）
V-ed（过去分词）
① 构成现在完成时：have / has + done（过去分词）
② 过去分词作形容词（定语），修饰名词
用法：V-ed 转化为形容词，含义是“感到……的 / 被……的”，多用来描述**人或者事物所处的状态**。
区分：V-ing 形容词：令人……的（修饰物）；V-ed 形容词：感到……的（修饰人）
③ 过去分词作状语
用法：放在句首/句末，表被动、条件、原因、让步、对比；分词的逻辑主语 = 主句主语。
课文例句：Compared to ships or trains, the invention of planes made it possible for people to travel much faster.
和轮船、火车相比，飞机的发明让人们可以更快地出行。
派生构词法（词缀法）
1. 前缀 un-（最常考）
作用：加在形容词前面，表示否定，意思：不……，只改词义，不改变词性
happy（开心的，adj.）→ unhappy（不开心的，adj.）
lucky（幸运的，adj.）→ unlucky（不幸的，adj.）
fair（公平的，adj.）→ unfair（不公平的，adj.）
补充其他否定前缀：im-（possible → impossible）；dis-（like → dislike）
2. 高频后缀（改变词性，重点背诵）
-tion / -sion 动词 → 名词（动作/事物） invent(v.)发明 → invention(n.)发明
-ment 动词 → 名词 develop(v.)发展 → development(n.)发展
-er / -or 动词 → 名词（人：执行者） invent(v.)发明 → inventor(n.)发明家
-ist 名词 → 名词（专业人） science(n.)科学 → scientist(n.)科学家
-able 动词 → 形容词（可……的） believe(v.)相信 → believable(adj.)可信的
-ing 动词 → 形容词（令人……，修饰物） |surprise → surprising
-ed动词 → 形容词（感到……，修饰人） surprise → surprised
主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语
结构1：主语 + 动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语
课文例句：He gave the world his hybrid rice technology.他把杂交水稻技术带给了全世界。
结构2：主语 + 动词 + 直接宾语 + to / for + 间接宾语
加 to：强调“传递、交给”，常用动词：give, pass, send, show, offer, lend
课文例句：He offered training courses to the farmers.他为农民们提供培训课程。
加 for：强调“为某人做/买”，常用动词：buy, cook, make, choose
例句：She cooked a big dinner for her family.她为家人做了一顿丰盛的晚餐。
although / though / even though / while
1. although / though / even though 虽然，尽管（让步）
用法：引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然、尽管”；不能和 but 连用（二者只能选一个，但是翻译时中文可以译出“但是”）
2. while 而，然而（对比）
用法：放在句首或句中，强调两件事情、两种情况对比，不是“当……时候”
课文例句：While the men had less to carry on the return journey, the weather conditions were terrible.虽然返程时大家要搬运的东西变少了，但是天气状况十分恶劣。
辨析：while 两种含义
① 当……的时候（时间状语从句，延续性动词）
② 然而（对比从句）
二、so that / so…that / such…that
① so that 引导目的状语从句：为了，以便
课文例句：I have to tie myself to the bed so that I won't float away!我必须把自己绑在床上，这样我就不会飘走了！
② so … that … 如此……以至于
例句：The speed is so fast that we can hardly believe it.速度如此之快，以至于我们几乎不敢相信。
③ such … that … 如此……以至于
结构：such + a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数 + that从句
结构：such + 形容词 + 可数名词复数 / 不可数名词 + that从句
例句：It is such an unbelievable invention that many people talk about it.这是一项如此惊人的发明，很多人都在谈论它。
三、have … done 结构：让别人做某事
句型：have + 宾语 + 过去分词
核心含义：让某事被别人完成；主语自己不做这件事，请/安排别人来做
课文例句：China had the satellite sent into space in 1970.中国让人把这颗卫星送入太空。
一、用所给词的适当形式填空
1. The ________ (break) wheel of the motorbike needs repairing at once.
2. ________ (encourage) by the scientist, the boy decided to study invention.
3. He ________ (have) his new device ________ (check) yesterday.
4. This is an ________ (believe) story and few people think it is true.
5. The ________ (invent) spent ten years making this great ________ (invent).
6. ________ (see) from space, our earth looks blue and beautiful.
7. The news made all of us ________ (surprise).
8. It is ________ (fair) to give him no chance to try.
9. I ________ (finish) my report already.
10. He ________ (learn) basic engineering before he went to college.
11. The teacher had him ________ (write) down the grammar rule.
12. Some people like ancient inventions, ________ (other) prefer modern ones.
13. This ________ (develop) area changes very fast these years.
14. The ________ (lock) box holds many old photos of explorers.
15. Even though he met many problems, he never gave up ________ (try).
16. She explained the rule to us ________ (careful).
17. The ________ (discover) of steam changed the world greatly.
18. We are ________ (excite) about the high‑speed train.
19. He studies hard ________ (make) more new inventions.
20. The man had his car ________ (wash) by the worker.
【答案】1. broken 2. Encouraged 3. had; checked 4. unbelievable 5. inventor; invention 6. Seen 7. surprised 8. unfair 9. have finished 10. had learned 11. write 12. others 13. developing 14. locked 15. trying 16. carefully 17. discovery 18. excited 19. to make 20. washed
二、完成句子
1. ________________________（虽然天很黑），they continued their exploration.
2. Tom ________________________（找人修理了引擎）last weekend.
3. It is ________________________（如此有趣的一项发明）that many visitors come to see it.
4. He ________________________（递给我一张列表）just now.
5. ________________________（从山顶往下看），the village looks wonderful.
6. She practises every day ________________________（以便她能够成功）.
7. Some inventions change our life, ________________________（然而另一些影响很小）.
8. The scientist ________________________（向我们展示了他新的装置）yesterday.
9. The boy is ________________________（如此聪明以至于）he can work out the problem quickly.
10. ________________________（即使任务很难），they will finish it on time.
11. I ________________________（已经读完这本关于探险的书）.
12. He ________________________（向学生解释了这条规则）again and again.
13. The ________________________（锁着的门）keeps the old things safe.
14. We ________________________（让人拍摄了这段视频）last month.
15. This is ________________________（一个难以置信的故事）about an explorer.
16. My mum cooked a delicious meal ________________________（为我的好朋友）.
17. ________________________（受到老师的鼓舞），he kept on trying new ideas.
18. He was tired, ________________________（但是他没有停下来休息）.
19. The inventor ________________________（送出了一些模型）to the local school.
20. It is ________________________（不公平的）to only blame the young explorer.
【答案】1. Although/Though it was dark 2. had his engine repaired 3. such an interesting invention 4. passed me a list / passed a list to me 5. Seen from the top of the mountain 6. so that she can succeed 7. while others have little influence 8. showed us his new device / showed his new device to us 9. so clever that 10. Even though the task is hard 11. have finished reading this book about exploration 12. explained the rule to the students 13. locked door
14. had the video filmed 15. such an unbelievable story 16. for my good friend 17. Encouraged by the teacher
18. but he didn’t stop to rest 19. sent some models 20. unfair
三、句子翻译
1. 虽然他遇到很多困难，但是他从不放弃。（although）
2. 他昨天找人检修了他的设备。（have sth done）
3. 这是一项如此伟大的发明，全世界都知道它。（such…that）
4. 从空中看，这座城市非常漂亮。（过去分词作状语）
5. 她努力学习，为了将来可以成为一名发明家。（so that）
6. 有些发明很出名，而有些几乎没人知道。（while 对比）
7. 这位发明家给我们展示了他最新的作品。（双宾语）
8. 我已经读过这本关于蒸汽的书了。（现在完成时）
9. 即使失败了很多次，他依然继续尝试。（even though）
10. 他向我们解释了这个新规则。（explain sth to sb）
11. 这个消息让所有人感到惊讶。（‑ed形容词）
12. 这辆车速度如此快，我们几乎跟不上。（so…that）
13. 爸爸给我买了一个新的模型。（双宾语 for）
14. 在好奇心的驱使下，他开始探索未知。（过去分词作状语）
15. 上个月我们找人修好了屏幕。（have sth done）
16. 这是不公平的，不要这么做。（un‑否定前缀）
17. 他来这里之前就已经了解了这项发明。（过去完成时）
18. 请把这支笔递给那位探险家。（双宾语 to）
19. 他把自己的发明分享给了村里的人们。（双宾语）
20. 把自己绑在床上，这样你就不会飘走了。（so that）
【答案】1. Although he met many difficulties, he never gave up.
2. He had his device checked yesterday.
3. It is such a great invention that the whole world knows it.
4. Seen from the sky, the city is very beautiful.
5. She studies hard so that she can be an inventor in the future.
6. Some inventions are famous, while others are hardly known.
7. The inventor showed us his latest work.
8. I have read this book about steam.
9. Even though he failed many times, he still kept trying.
10. He explained the new rule to us.
11. The news made all of us surprised.
12. The car runs so fast that we can hardly keep up.
13. My father bought a new model for me. / My father bought me a new model.
14. Encouraged by curiosity, he began to explore the unknown.
15. We had the screen repaired last month.
16. It is unfair. Don’t do like this.
17. He had known about this invention before he came here.
18. Please pass the pen to that explorer.
19. He shared his invention with the people in the village.
20. Tie yourself to the bed so that you won’t float away.
四、语法选择
A
（2026·广东茂名·二模）Zhang Xue is a Chinese with a great love for motorcycles (摩托车). When Zhang was young, he 1 as a motorcycle repairman. He often asked why top racing motorcycles 2 by foreign companies only. He decided to build high-quality Chinese motorcycles with 3 own hands.
To achieve his dream, Zhang worked day and night 4 engine technology and improve his skills. He faced lots of difficulties, but he never gave up. In 2024, he finally started a company named Zhang Xue Motorcycle 5 . Later, he and his team kept working on main technologies. With about two 6 effort, they created a new kind of high-quality Chinese engine. In 2026, his motorcycle took part in a world-class race and won first place. It was the first time 7 a Chinese brand (品牌) to win such a great prize.
Chinese people are proud of Zhang Xue. He has shown the world 8 power of Chinese technology. He hopes that young people can stick to their dreams and work even 9 . His story tells us that nothing is impossible 10 we hold on to our dreams. We should learn from his spirit and try our best to achieve our goals.
1．A．worked B．will work C．has worked
2．A．are made B．were made C．were making
3．A．his B．him C．himself
4．A．study B．studying C．to study
5．A．success B．successful C．successfully
6．A．year B．years C．years’
7．A．to B．for C．with
8．A．/ B．a C．the
9．A．hard B．harder C．hardest
10．A．if B．so C．although
【答案】1．A 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．C 6．C 7．B 8．C 9．B 10．A
【导语】本文讲述了热爱摩托车的张雪，通过日夜钻研发动机技术，克服重重困难，自主研发国产高性能摩托车并斩获国际赛事大奖，向世界展示中国科技力量的励志故事。
【详解】1．句意：当张年轻时，他担任一名摩托车修理工。
时间状语“When Zhang was young”为一般过去时标志，描述过去的工作经历，动词要用过去式，应用worked。will work“将要工作，一般将来时”、has worked“已经工作，现在完成时”，均不符。
2．句意：他常问为什么顶级赛车仅由外国公司制造。
主语“motorcycles”和动词“make”是被动关系，且主句为一般过去时，从句时态保持一致，用一般过去时的被动语态，应用were made。are made“被制造，一般现在时被动”、were making“正在制造，过去进行时主动语态”，均不符。
3．句意：他决定用他自己的双手制造高质量的中国摩托车。
根据“own hands”可知前面需用形容词性物主代词修饰，主语是He，应用his。him“他，人称代词宾格”、himself“他自己，反身代词”，均不符合此处语法结构。
4．句意：为实现梦想，张雪夜以继日地钻研发动机技术、提升自身技能。
根据语境可知此处表示工作的目的，需用动词不定式作目的状语，应用to study。study“学习，动词原形”、studying“学习，动名词”，均不符。
5．句意：2024年，他最终成功创办了名为“张雪摩托”的公司。
句子主谓结构完整，需要副词修饰动词started，successfully“成功地”符合语境。success“成功，名词”、successful“成功的，形容词”，均不符。
6．句意：经过大约两年的努力，他们创造了一种新型高质量中国引擎。
根据“two...effort”可知表示“两年的努力”，需用复数名词的所有格形式，应用years’。year“年，单数”、years“年，名词复数”，均不符。
7．句意：这是中国品牌首次斩获如此重磅的奖项。
根据固定句型“It was the first time for sb. to do sth.”可知，表示“这是某人/某物第一次做某事”，需用介词for。to“到，介词”、with“和、介词”，均不符。
8．句意：他向世界展示了中国科技的力量。
根据“of Chinese technology”可知，此处特指中国科技的力量，应用定冠词the。/零冠词、a“一个，不定冠词，表泛指”，均不符。
9．句意：他希望年轻人能坚持梦想并更加努力工作。
根据“even”可知其后修饰形容词或副词的比较级，表示“甚至更……”，应用harder。hard“努力，原级”、hardest“最努力，最高级”，均不符。
10．句意：他的故事告诉我们：如果坚守梦想，一切皆有可能。
根据语境可知前后句为条件关系，表示“如果坚持梦想，就没有不可能的事”，应用if。so“因此，表因果关系”、although“尽管，表让步关系”，均不符。
B
（2025·陕西·模拟预测）Huang Xuhua, the main designer of China’s first-generation nuclear submarines (核潜艇)，passed away at the age of 99 in Wuhan. Huang spent his whole life 1 the development of China’s nuclear submarine programme.
Born in Guangdong in 1926, Huang grew up during wartime. He 2 shipbuilding at Shanghai Jiao Tong University and joined the Communist Party of China in 1949. In 1958, he 3 by the government to lead a secret project: designing China’s first nuclear-powered submarine. At that time, China had no experience in this field, and foreign countries refused 4 their technology.
Huang and his team met huge challenges. They collected information from newspapers and studied two American submarines. Without computers, they used simple 5 like rulers and abacuses . To avoid mistakes, three groups checked every count. The project was stopped from 1962 to 1965 because they were short of money, 6 Huang never gave up.
Finally, China 7 built its first nuclear-powered submarine in 1970, becoming the fifth country in the world to do so. Huang’s name was kept secret until 1987 because the project was highly confidential*.
Even in 8 nineties, Huang worked daily to teach young engineers and share knowledge. He also cared about 9 to help future generations grow much more healthily. His first submarine is now displayed in 10 museum, and he received China’s highest honor, the Medal of the Republic, in 2019.
※ The word “confidential” means to keep something secret.
1．A．at B．with C．on D．for
2．A．studies B．studied C．has studied D．was studying
3．A．chose B．chooses C．is chosen D．was chosen
4．A．share B．to share C．develop D．to develop
5．A．method B．methods C．tool D．tools
6．A．but B．so C．and D．or
7．A．excited B．excitedly C．successful D．successfully
8．A．he B．his C．him D．himself
9．A．when could he do B．when he could do C．what could he do D．what he could do
10．A．a B．an C．the D．/
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．B 5．D 6．A 7．D 8．B 9．D 10．A
【导语】本文讲述了中国第一代核潜艇总设计师黄旭华的生平事迹。他一生致力于中国核潜艇事业的发展，在艰难的条件下克服重重困难，为中国核潜艇事业做出了卓越贡献。
1．句意：黄旭华将他的一生奉献给了中国核潜艇项目的发展。
at在；with和……一起；on关于；for为了。根据“Huang spent his whole...submarine programme.”可知，spend...on sth.表示“在某事上花费……”，常用搭配。故选C。
2．句意：他在上海交通大学学习造船专业，并于1949年加入中国共产党。
studies（第三人称单数形式）学习；studied（过去式 / 过去分词）学习；has studied（现在完成时）已经学习；was studying（过去进行时）正在学习。根据“He... Party of China in 1949.”可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时。故选B。
3．句意：1958 年，他被政府选中去领导一个秘密项目：设计中国第一艘核潜艇。
chose（过去式）选择；chooses（第三人称单数形式）选择；is chosen（一般现在时的被动语态）被选择；was chosen（一般过去时的被动语态）被选择。根据“ In 1958... lead a secret project:”可知，是过去发生的时间，此处“他”和“选择”应是被动关系，表达他被政府选中。故选D。
4．句意：在那个时候，中国在这个领域没有经验，并且外国拒绝分享他们的技术。
share分享；to share（动词不定式）分享；develop发展；to develop（动词不定式）发展。refuse to do sth.“拒绝做某事”是常用搭配，此处是表示“拒绝分享技术”。故选B。
5．句意：没有电脑，他们使用像尺子和算盘这样简单的工具。
method方法；methods（复数形式）方法；tool工具；tools（复数形式）工具。根据“like rulers and abacuses”可知，是使用多种工具，应用复数形式的tools。故选D。
6．句意：由于资金短缺，这个项目从1962年到1965年被叫停，但是黄旭华从未放弃。
but但是；so所以；and和；or或者。根据“The project was stopped... never gave up.”可知，项目被叫停，黄旭华没放弃，故前后句应是转折关系。故选A。
7．句意：最终，中国在1970年成功建造了第一艘核潜艇，成为世界上第五个这样做的国家。
excited兴奋的（形容词，修饰人）；excitedly兴奋地（副词）；successful成功的（形容词）；successfully成功地（副词）。此处修饰动词built，应用副词successfully，表示成功建造了第一艘核潜艇。故选D。
8．句意：即使在他九十多岁的时候，黄旭华每天仍致力于教导年轻工程师并分享知识。
he他（主格）；his他的（形容词性物主代词 / 名词性物主代词）；him他（宾格）；himself他自己（反身代词）。in one’s nineties“在某人九十多岁时”是常用搭配，此处表示“在他九十多岁时”，应用in his nineties。故选B。
9．句意：他也关心他能做些什么来帮助后代更健康地成长。
when could he do（疑问语序，他什么时候能做）；when he could do（陈述语序，他什么时候能做）；what could he do（疑问语序，他能做什么）；what he could do（陈述语序，他能做什么）。care about后接宾语从句，要用陈述语序，且从句中do缺少宾语，应用what。故选D。
10．句意：他的第一艘潜艇现在在一个博物馆展出，并且他在2019年获得了中国的最高荣誉 —— 共和国勋章。
a（不定冠词，用于辅音音素开头的单词前）一个；an（不定冠词，用于元音音素开头的单词前）一个；the（定冠词，表特指）；/（不填）。此处泛指一个博物馆，museum是辅音音素开头，应用a。故选A。
五、语法填空
A
（2026·河北廊坊·二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或填入括号内单词的正确形式。
Digital technology is everywhere in our life. Every morning, Lucy needs to scan (扫描) her face 1 she gets into her classroom. This helps keep students safe.
In class, Lucy’s math teacher uses a digital projector (投影仪) to give lessons. This makes students more 2 (interest) in the difficult math ideas. This also makes 3 (they) think creatively. Once, Lucy even used 4 online app to draw a math picture. She 5 (finish) it in just one minute!
After school, Lucy uses digital technology 6 fun. She loves looking through posts on social media. She can stay in touch with her friends 7 share happy moments. Sometimes, she 8 (watch) short videos. The videos help her find other fun 9 (activity).
Lucy’s parents also use digital technology. Her dad pays bills online. It’s fast and he doesn’t need 10 (use) paper money. Her mom often buys food on a shopping app. Usually, the food 11 (bring) to their home within 30 minutes.
Digital technology makes our life easier and 12 (convenient). But we can’t spend too much time 13 digital devices (设备). We should try to use them 14 (wise). Then the technology can become our good 15 (help). Do you agree?
【答案】1．before 2．interested 3．them 4．an 5．finished 6．for 7．and 8．watches 9．activities 10．to use 11．is brought 12．more convenient 13．on 14．wisely 15．helper
【导语】本文讲述数字技术遍布我们生活的方方面面，以露西一家为例介绍数字技术在校园、课余、家庭生活中的应用，同时提醒我们要明智地使用数字设备。
【详解】1．句意：每天早上，露西进教室前需要扫脸。此处指露西进入教室前需要刷脸，应填连词before“在……之前”，引导时间状语从句。
2．句意：这让学生们对难懂的数学概念更感兴趣。固定搭配make sb. interested in sth.表示“使某人对某事感兴趣”，修饰人用interested。
3．句意：这也让他们创造性地思考。动词makes后接人称代词宾格，they的宾格是them。
4．句意：有一次，露西甚至使用一款线上应用画数学图。此处泛指一款在线应用，online是以元音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词an。
5．句意：她仅仅用一分钟就完成了它。此处描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，finish要变成过去式finished。
6．句意：放学后，露西利用数字技术娱乐。固定搭配use sth. for fun表示“用某物来娱乐”，应填介词for。
7．句意：她可以和朋友保持联系并分享快乐的瞬间。“stay in touch with her friends”和“share happy moments”是并列关系，用并列连词and连接。
8．句意：有时候，她看短视频。sometimes为一般现在时标志，主语she是第三人称单数，watch要变成第三人称单数形式watches。
9．句意：这些视频帮她找到其他有趣的活动。other后面接可数名词复数，activity的复数形式是activities。
10．句意：这很快并且他不需要使用纸币。固定搭配need to do sth.表示“需要做某事”，应填动词不定式to use。
11．句意：通常，食物会在30分钟内送到家里。Usually说明时态是一般现在时，food和bring是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态（am/is/are+过去分词），food在此处是不可数名词，be动词应用is，bring的过去分词是brought。
12．句意：数字技术让我们的生活更轻松、更便利。 and连接并列成分，easier是比较级，应填convenient的比较级more convenient。
13．句意：但是我们不能花费太多时间在数字设备上。固定搭配spend time on sth.表示“在某物上花费时间”，应填介词on。
14．句意：我们应该尽量明智地使用它们。空格处缺少副词修饰动词use，wise的副词形式是wisely。
15．句意：这样技术就能成为我们的好帮手。形容词good后接名词，名词helper意为“帮手”，符合语境。
B
（2026·山东菏泽·二模）阅读下面短文并填空，然后将答案写到答题卡的相应位置（如有提示词，则填入提示词的正确形式；如无提示词，则填入1个适当的单词）。
China’s space classroom has become very popular among students. On October 12th, the astronauts of Shenzhou held the 1 (four) space classroom session. Thousands of students from all over the country watched the live broadcast.
In the space classroom, astronauts showed students how 2 (do) experiments in space. They showed the effect of weightlessness on water, plants and even small animals. The experiments were so interesting that students 3 (excited) asked many questions.
Astronauts also shared 4 (they) daily life in space. They talked about how they sleep, eat and exercise. To keep healthy, astronauts exercise for two hours every day. They use special exercise equipment to prevent muscle loss.
The space classroom is not only 5 (educate) but also inspiring. It helps students learn scientific knowledge in a fun way and encourages them to pursue their dreams of exploring space. Many students say that they want to be astronauts or 6 (scientist) when they grow up.
Since 2013, China 7 (hold) several space classes. Each class has different 8 (theme) and experiments. The next class is planned to be held next year, and it will focus on space agriculture.
The space classroom connects students 9 the mysterious space. It opens a window for young people to explore the universe (宇宙) and helps them develop 10 interest in science.
【答案】1．fourth/4th 2．to do 3．excitedly 4．their 5．educational 6．scientists 7．has held 8．themes 9．with 10．an
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国备受欢迎的“天宫课堂”，包括宇航员在太空做实验、分享日常生活，以及太空课堂对学生们的教育和启发意义。
【详解】1．句意：10月12日，神舟飞船的宇航员们举办了第四次太空授课。该处需要一个序数词，前有定冠词the，后有名词，表示“第四次”，应用基数词four的序数词形式。
2．句意：在太空课堂上，宇航员向学生们展示了如何在太空中做实验。该处需要一个非谓语动词，考查 “疑问词+动词不定式” 结构作宾语，how后应接动词不定式。。
3．句意：这些实验非常有趣，学生们激动地问了许多问题。该处需要一个副词，修饰动词asked，应用提示词excited的副词形式。
4．句意：宇航员们还分享了他们在太空的日常生活。该处需要一个形容词性物主代词，修饰其后的名词短语daily life，应用提示词they的形容词性物主代词形式。
5．句意：太空课堂不仅具有教育意义，而且鼓舞人心。该处需要一个形容词，与后面的形容词inspiring并列，作句子的表语，应用提示词educate的形容词形式。
6．句意：许多学生说他们长大后想成为宇航员或科学家。该处需要一个名词，与前面的复数名词astronauts并列，应用提示词scientist的复数形式。
7．。句意：自2013年以来，中国已经举办了几次太空授课。该处需要用现在完成时态，根据时间状语“Since 2013”可知，句子应用现在完成时 (have/has + 过去分词)，主语China为第三人称单数，助动词用has。
8．句意：每节课都有不同的主题和实验。该处需要一个名词复数，处被形容词different修饰，且与后面的复数名词experiments并列，应用提示词theme的复数形式。
9．句意：太空课堂将学生与神秘的太空连接起来。该处需要一个介词，此处考查固定搭配connect...to...，意为“把……和……连接起来”。
10．句意：它为年轻人打开了一扇探索宇宙的窗户，并帮助他们培养对科学的兴趣。该处需要一个冠词，此处考查固定搭配develop an interest in...，意为 “培养对……的兴趣”，且interest以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。
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专题01 Units5 ~6（语法综合练）
（建议用时：40分钟）
V-ed（过去分词）
① 构成现在完成时：have / has + done（过去分词）
② 过去分词作形容词（定语），修饰名词
用法：V-ed 转化为形容词，含义是“感到……的 / 被……的”，多用来描述**人或者事物所处的状态**。
区分：V-ing 形容词：令人……的（修饰物）；V-ed 形容词：感到……的（修饰人）
③ 过去分词作状语
用法：放在句首/句末，表被动、条件、原因、让步、对比；分词的逻辑主语 = 主句主语。
课文例句：Compared to ships or trains, the invention of planes made it possible for people to travel much faster.
和轮船、火车相比，飞机的发明让人们可以更快地出行。
派生构词法（词缀法）
1. 前缀 un-（最常考）
作用：加在形容词前面，表示否定，意思：不……，只改词义，不改变词性
happy（开心的，adj.）→ unhappy（不开心的，adj.）
lucky（幸运的，adj.）→ unlucky（不幸的，adj.）
fair（公平的，adj.）→ unfair（不公平的，adj.）
补充其他否定前缀：im-（possible → impossible）；dis-（like → dislike）
2. 高频后缀（改变词性，重点背诵）
-tion / -sion 动词 → 名词（动作/事物） invent(v.)发明 → invention(n.)发明
-ment 动词 → 名词 develop(v.)发展 → development(n.)发展
-er / -or 动词 → 名词（人：执行者） invent(v.)发明 → inventor(n.)发明家
-ist 名词 → 名词（专业人） science(n.)科学 → scientist(n.)科学家
-able 动词 → 形容词（可……的） believe(v.)相信 → believable(adj.)可信的
-ing 动词 → 形容词（令人……，修饰物） |surprise → surprising
-ed动词 → 形容词（感到……，修饰人） surprise → surprised
主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语
结构1：主语 + 动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语
课文例句：He gave the world his hybrid rice technology.他把杂交水稻技术带给了全世界。
结构2：主语 + 动词 + 直接宾语 + to / for + 间接宾语
加 to：强调“传递、交给”，常用动词：give, pass, send, show, offer, lend
课文例句：He offered training courses to the farmers.他为农民们提供培训课程。
加 for：强调“为某人做/买”，常用动词：buy, cook, make, choose
例句：She cooked a big dinner for her family.她为家人做了一顿丰盛的晚餐。
although / though / even though / while
1. although / though / even though 虽然，尽管（让步）
用法：引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然、尽管”；不能和 but 连用（二者只能选一个，但是翻译时中文可以译出“但是”）
2. while 而，然而（对比）
用法：放在句首或句中，强调两件事情、两种情况对比，不是“当……时候”
课文例句：While the men had less to carry on the return journey, the weather conditions were terrible.虽然返程时大家要搬运的东西变少了，但是天气状况十分恶劣。
辨析：while 两种含义
① 当……的时候（时间状语从句，延续性动词）
② 然而（对比从句）
二、so that / so…that / such…that
① so that 引导目的状语从句：为了，以便
课文例句：I have to tie myself to the bed so that I won't float away!我必须把自己绑在床上，这样我就不会飘走了！
② so … that … 如此……以至于
例句：The speed is so fast that we can hardly believe it.速度如此之快，以至于我们几乎不敢相信。
③ such … that … 如此……以至于
结构：such + a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数 + that从句
结构：such + 形容词 + 可数名词复数 / 不可数名词 + that从句
例句：It is such an unbelievable invention that many people talk about it.这是一项如此惊人的发明，很多人都在谈论它。
三、have … done 结构：让别人做某事
句型：have + 宾语 + 过去分词
核心含义：让某事被别人完成；主语自己不做这件事，请/安排别人来做
课文例句：China had the satellite sent into space in 1970.中国让人把这颗卫星送入太空。
一、用所给词的适当形式填空
1. The ________ (break) wheel of the motorbike needs repairing at once.
2. ________ (encourage) by the scientist, the boy decided to study invention.
3. He ________ (have) his new device ________ (check) yesterday.
4. This is an ________ (believe) story and few people think it is true.
5. The ________ (invent) spent ten years making this great ________ (invent).
6. ________ (see) from space, our earth looks blue and beautiful.
7. The news made all of us ________ (surprise).
8. It is ________ (fair) to give him no chance to try.
9. I ________ (finish) my report already.
10. He ________ (learn) basic engineering before he went to college.
11. The teacher had him ________ (write) down the grammar rule.
12. Some people like ancient inventions, ________ (other) prefer modern ones.
13. This ________ (develop) area changes very fast these years.
14. The ________ (lock) box holds many old photos of explorers.
15. Even though he met many problems, he never gave up ________ (try).
16. She explained the rule to us ________ (careful).
17. The ________ (discover) of steam changed the world greatly.
18. We are ________ (excite) about the high‑speed train.
19. He studies hard ________ (make) more new inventions.
20. The man had his car ________ (wash) by the worker.
二、完成句子
1. ________________________（虽然天很黑），they continued their exploration.
2. Tom ________________________（找人修理了引擎）last weekend.
3. It is ________________________（如此有趣的一项发明）that many visitors come to see it.
4. He ________________________（递给我一张列表）just now.
5. ________________________（从山顶往下看），the village looks wonderful.
6. She practises every day ________________________（以便她能够成功）.
7. Some inventions change our life, ________________________（然而另一些影响很小）.
8. The scientist ________________________（向我们展示了他新的装置）yesterday.
9. The boy is ________________________（如此聪明以至于）he can work out the problem quickly.
10. ________________________（即使任务很难），they will finish it on time.
11. I ________________________（已经读完这本关于探险的书）.
12. He ________________________（向学生解释了这条规则）again and again.
13. The ________________________（锁着的门）keeps the old things safe.
14. We ________________________（让人拍摄了这段视频）last month.
15. This is ________________________（一个难以置信的故事）about an explorer.
16. My mum cooked a delicious meal ________________________（为我的好朋友）.
17. ________________________（受到老师的鼓舞），he kept on trying new ideas.
18. He was tired, ________________________（但是他没有停下来休息）.
19. The inventor ________________________（送出了一些模型）to the local school.
20. It is ________________________（不公平的）to only blame the young explorer.
三、句子翻译
1. 虽然他遇到很多困难，但是他从不放弃。（although）
2. 他昨天找人检修了他的设备。（have sth done）
3. 这是一项如此伟大的发明，全世界都知道它。（such…that）
4. 从空中看，这座城市非常漂亮。（过去分词作状语）
5. 她努力学习，为了将来可以成为一名发明家。（so that）
6. 有些发明很出名，而有些几乎没人知道。（while 对比）
7. 这位发明家给我们展示了他最新的作品。（双宾语）
8. 我已经读过这本关于蒸汽的书了。（现在完成时）
9. 即使失败了很多次，他依然继续尝试。（even though）
10. 他向我们解释了这个新规则。（explain sth to sb）
11. 这个消息让所有人感到惊讶。（‑ed形容词）
12. 这辆车速度如此快，我们几乎跟不上。（so…that）
13. 爸爸给我买了一个新的模型。（双宾语 for）
14. 在好奇心的驱使下，他开始探索未知。（过去分词作状语）
15. 上个月我们找人修好了屏幕。（have sth done）
16. 这是不公平的，不要这么做。（un‑否定前缀）
17. 他来这里之前就已经了解了这项发明。（过去完成时）
18. 请把这支笔递给那位探险家。（双宾语 to）
19. 他把自己的发明分享给了村里的人们。（双宾语）
20. 把自己绑在床上，这样你就不会飘走了。（so that）
四、语法选择
A
（2026·广东茂名·二模）Zhang Xue is a Chinese with a great love for motorcycles (摩托车). When Zhang was young, he 1 as a motorcycle repairman. He often asked why top racing motorcycles 2 by foreign companies only. He decided to build high-quality Chinese motorcycles with 3 own hands.
To achieve his dream, Zhang worked day and night 4 engine technology and improve his skills. He faced lots of difficulties, but he never gave up. In 2024, he finally started a company named Zhang Xue Motorcycle 5 . Later, he and his team kept working on main technologies. With about two 6 effort, they created a new kind of high-quality Chinese engine. In 2026, his motorcycle took part in a world-class race and won first place. It was the first time 7 a Chinese brand (品牌) to win such a great prize.
Chinese people are proud of Zhang Xue. He has shown the world 8 power of Chinese technology. He hopes that young people can stick to their dreams and work even 9 . His story tells us that nothing is impossible 10 we hold on to our dreams. We should learn from his spirit and try our best to achieve our goals.
1．A．worked B．will work C．has worked
2．A．are made B．were made C．were making
3．A．his B．him C．himself
4．A．study B．studying C．to study
5．A．success B．successful C．successfully
6．A．year B．years C．years’
7．A．to B．for C．with
8．A．/ B．a C．the
9．A．hard B．harder C．hardest
10．A．if B．so C．although
B
（2025·陕西·模拟预测）Huang Xuhua, the main designer of China’s first-generation nuclear submarines (核潜艇)，passed away at the age of 99 in Wuhan. Huang spent his whole life 1 the development of China’s nuclear submarine programme.
Born in Guangdong in 1926, Huang grew up during wartime. He 2 shipbuilding at Shanghai Jiao Tong University and joined the Communist Party of China in 1949. In 1958, he 3 by the government to lead a secret project: designing China’s first nuclear-powered submarine. At that time, China had no experience in this field, and foreign countries refused 4 their technology.
Huang and his team met huge challenges. They collected information from newspapers and studied two American submarines. Without computers, they used simple 5 like rulers and abacuses . To avoid mistakes, three groups checked every count. The project was stopped from 1962 to 1965 because they were short of money, 6 Huang never gave up.
Finally, China 7 built its first nuclear-powered submarine in 1970, becoming the fifth country in the world to do so. Huang’s name was kept secret until 1987 because the project was highly confidential*.
Even in 8 nineties, Huang worked daily to teach young engineers and share knowledge. He also cared about 9 to help future generations grow much more healthily. His first submarine is now displayed in 10 museum, and he received China’s highest honor, the Medal of the Republic, in 2019.
※ The word “confidential” means to keep something secret.
1．A．at B．with C．on D．for
2．A．studies B．studied C．has studied D．was studying
3．A．chose B．chooses C．is chosen D．was chosen
4．A．share B．to share C．develop D．to develop
5．A．method B．methods C．tool D．tools
6．A．but B．so C．and D．or
7．A．excited B．excitedly C．successful D．successfully
8．A．he B．his C．him D．himself
9．A．when could he do B．when he could do C．what could he do D．what he could do
10．A．a B．an C．the D．/
五、语法填空
A
（2026·河北廊坊·二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或填入括号内单词的正确形式。
Digital technology is everywhere in our life. Every morning, Lucy needs to scan (扫描) her face 1 she gets into her classroom. This helps keep students safe.
In class, Lucy’s math teacher uses a digital projector (投影仪) to give lessons. This makes students more 2 (interest) in the difficult math ideas. This also makes 3 (they) think creatively. Once, Lucy even used 4 online app to draw a math picture. She 5 (finish) it in just one minute!
After school, Lucy uses digital technology 6 fun. She loves looking through posts on social media. She can stay in touch with her friends 7 share happy moments. Sometimes, she 8 (watch) short videos. The videos help her find other fun 9 (activity).
Lucy’s parents also use digital technology. Her dad pays bills online. It’s fast and he doesn’t need 10 (use) paper money. Her mom often buys food on a shopping app. Usually, the food 11 (bring) to their home within 30 minutes.
Digital technology makes our life easier and 12 (convenient). But we can’t spend too much time 13 digital devices (设备). We should try to use them 14 (wise). Then the technology can become our good 15 (help). Do you agree?
B
（2026·山东菏泽·二模）阅读下面短文并填空，然后将答案写到答题卡的相应位置（如有提示词，则填入提示词的正确形式；如无提示词，则填入1个适当的单词）。
China’s space classroom has become very popular among students. On October 12th, the astronauts of Shenzhou held the 1 (four) space classroom session. Thousands of students from all over the country watched the live broadcast.
In the space classroom, astronauts showed students how 2 (do) experiments in space. They showed the effect of weightlessness on water, plants and even small animals. The experiments were so interesting that students 3 (excited) asked many questions.
Astronauts also shared 4 (they) daily life in space. They talked about how they sleep, eat and exercise. To keep healthy, astronauts exercise for two hours every day. They use special exercise equipment to prevent muscle loss.
The space classroom is not only 5 (educate) but also inspiring. It helps students learn scientific knowledge in a fun way and encourages them to pursue their dreams of exploring space. Many students say that they want to be astronauts or 6 (scientist) when they grow up.
Since 2013, China 7 (hold) several space classes. Each class has different 8 (theme) and experiments. The next class is planned to be held next year, and it will focus on space agriculture.
The space classroom connects students 9 the mysterious space. It opens a window for young people to explore the universe (宇宙) and helps them develop 10 interest in science.
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