学考专题01 名词、冠词、代词和数词：知识盘点+核心精讲+进阶训练（讲义，广东专用）2027年高中英语学业水平考试合格考总复习

专题01 名词、冠词、代词、数词 【析】学考考查要点|【汇】知识清单盘点|【研】核心专题精讲|【练】巩固提升训练 —— 目 录 —— 析|学考考查要点 汇|知识清单盘点 研|核心专题精讲 考点一 名词 考点二 冠词 考点三 代词 考点四 数词 练|巩固提升训练 板块 知识点 学考具体要求 认知层次 常见题型 名词 可数名词；不可数名词；名词所有格 区分可数名词、不可数名词、专有名词； 掌握可数名词单数、复数规则 + 不规则变化；掌握名词所有格（’s /of）；能在语法填空根据提示变单复数；识别不可数名词不能直接加 a/an，不能随便加 s。 熟练掌握 单项填空、语法填空 冠词 定冠词the表示特指； 不定冠词a表示泛指； 短语中的冠词；句型中的冠词。 主要集中考查冠词的基本用法，根据习惯用法或固定句型确定冠词，注意冠词的一些特殊用法，熟练掌握定冠词和不定冠词的基本规则；熟记学习过的含有冠词的短语及句型；注意零冠词的用法。 熟练掌握 单项填空、语法填空 代词 人称代词；不定代词；it 基础用法：指代物品、天气、时间、距离。 识别人称代词主格、宾格，能根据句子成分选用；区分形容词性物主代词与名词性物主代词，语法填空能正确变形；掌握反身代词基本含义与基础固定搭配；掌握指示代词 this/that/these/those 的基础用法；不定代词是学考高频：能在语境区分 few/a few；little/a little；both/either/neither；all/none；another/other/the other/others；something/anything/nothing；掌握 it 基础用法：指代事物、指代天气 / 时间 / 距离；学考不深挖 it 形式主语 / 宾语难题，仅基础识别；阅读中能找出代词指代前文名词（阅读题常隐性考查）； 熟练掌握 单项填空、语法填空 数词 基数词；序数词；掌握年代、年龄、分数基础表达 基数词 序数词（重点不规则拼写）；分数表达：分子基数，分母序数； 正确地理解和使用 单项填空、语法填空 考点一：名词 类别 细分 规则 例词 专有名词 - 表示特定的人、地方、机构等的名称 April（四月）、China（中国）、Einstein（爱因斯坦） 一般名词 可数名词（个体名词） 表示单个的人或物 dictionary（字典）、student（学生）、car（汽车） 可数名词（集体名词） 表示由多个个体组成的集合体 family（家庭）、team（团队）、class（班级） 不可数名词（物质名词） 表示无法直接计数的物质 rice（米饭）、water（水）、air（空气） 不可数名词（抽象名词） 表示抽象的概念、情感、状态等 knowledge（知识）、happiness（幸福）、courage（勇气） 1. 规则名词的复数形式 序号 规则 例词 1 一般情况在词尾加 - s bird—birds, sea—seas, lake—lakes 2 以 s、x、ch、sh 结尾的在词尾加 - es church—churches, box—boxes, dish—dishes 3 以 - f 或 - fe 结尾的词，变 - f 或 - fe 为 v 再加 - es leaf—leaves, thief—thieves, loaf—loaves 以 - f 或 - fe 结尾的词，加 - s belief—beliefs, chief—chiefs, proof—proofs 4 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的名词，变 y 为 i 加 - es fly—flies, family—families, university—universities 5 以元音字母加 y 结尾的名词，或专有名词以 y 结尾的，加 - s toy—toys, monkey—monkeys, ray—rays 6 以辅音字母加 - o 结尾的名词，一般加 - es hero—heroes, echo—echoes, potato—potatoes 以辅音字母加 - o 结尾的名词，一些外来词加 - s piano—pianos, photo—photos, auto—autos 以辅音字母加 - o 结尾的名词，两者皆可 zero—zeros/zeroes, volcano—volcanos/volcanoes 7 以元音字母加 - o 结尾的名词加 - s radio—radios, bamboo—bamboos, zoo—zoos 8 以 - th 结尾的名词加 - s truth—truths, mouth—mouths, month—months 2. 不规则名词的复数形式 类型 规则 例词 单复数同形 词形无变化 sheep—sheep, deer—deer, means—means 特殊变化 改变内部元音或词尾 man—men, woman—women, foot—feet 外来词复数形式 phenomenon—phenomena, criterion—criteria 3. 抽象名词与物质名词的数的特殊情况 情况 规则 例词 抽象名词具体化 表示具体概念时可与不定冠词连用 a pleasure（一件乐事）、a success（一个成功的人 / 事） 物质名词个体化 表示具体的 “一份”“一种” 等时可数 a coffee（一杯咖啡）、a tea（一杯茶） 类型 构成规则 例词 说明 单数名词 词尾加's Tom's book（汤姆的书）、the teacher's desk（老师的书桌） 绝大多数单数名词直接加's，无论词尾是否为 s 以 s 结尾的复数名词 词尾只加' the students' bags（学生们的书包）、the girls' room（女孩们的房间） 以 s 结尾的规则复数名词，所有格仅加' 不以 s 结尾的复数名词 词尾加's children's toys（孩子们的玩具）、men's shoes（男人们的鞋子） 不规则复数名词（如 children、men）按单数名词规则加's 并列名词 表示 “共同所有”：最后一个名词加's；表示 “各自所有”：每个名词都加's Tom and Jerry's film（汤姆和杰瑞共同的电影）；Tom's and Jerry's pens（汤姆的笔和杰瑞的笔） 重点区分 “共同所属” 与 “各自所属” 的结构差异 特殊场景名词 时间、距离、国家、机构等无生命名词，加's 或 of 结构 today's news（今天的新闻）、ten minutes' walk（十分钟的路程）、China's history（中国的历史）、the door of the room（房间的门） 无生命名词通常用 “of + 名词” 表所属，但时间、距离等常用's 所有格 考点二：冠词 类别 细分 规则 例词 不定冠词 a 的用法 用于以辅音音素开头的单数可数名词前，表首次提到的人或物。 a book（一本书）、a university（一所大学）、a useful tool（一个有用的工具） an 的用法 用于以元音音素开头的单数可数名词前，表首次提到的人或物。 an apple（一个苹果）、an hour（一小时）、an 11-year-old boy（一个 11 岁的男孩） 定冠词 特指上文提及的人或物 当人或物在上文已经出现过，再次提及表特指时用 the。 I have a pen. The pen is red.（我有一支笔，这支笔是红色的） 特指独一无二的事物 用于世界上独一无二的事物前，如天体、自然现象等。 the sun（太阳）、the earth（地球）、the moon（月亮） 特指专有名词（全称） 用于国家、组织、机构等专有名词的全称前。 the People's Republic of China（中华人民共和国）、the United Nations（联合国） 特指固定搭配中的名词 用于一些固定搭配的名词前，如乐器、方位、江河湖海、山脉、群岛等。 play the piano（弹钢琴）、in the east（在东方）、the Yangtze River（长江）、the Himalayas（喜马拉雅山脉） 特指被限定的抽象 / 物质名词 当抽象名词、物质名词被定语修饰表特指时，用 the。 the air in the room（房间里的空气）、the happiness of success（成功的喜悦） 零冠词 泛指复数可数名词 / 不可数名词 复数可数名词表泛指一类事物，不可数名词表泛指时，不用冠词。 Students should study hard.（学生应该努力学习）、Water is important.（水很重要） 泛指专有名词 单个的专有名词（如人名、地名、月份、星期等）表泛指时，不用冠词。 China is a great country.（中国是一个伟大的国家）、Monday is the first day of the week.（星期一是一周的第一天） 泛指固定搭配中的名词 用于一些固定搭配的名词前，如三餐、球类运动、学科、交通工具（by + 交通工具）等。 have lunch（吃午饭）、play football（踢足球）、study math（学数学）、by bus（乘公交车） 考点三：代词 代词类别 核心考点细分 考纲要求与规则 典型例句与易错提示 人称代词 主格与宾格的辨析使用 1. 主格（I/you/he/she/it/we/they）作主语，位于动词前；2. 宾格（me/you/him/her/it/us/them）作宾语，位于动词或介词后。 - 主格：She likes reading.（她喜欢阅读）- 宾格：I often help him with English.（我经常帮他学英语）易错提示：避免主格、宾格混用，如 “Thank he”（错误）应为 “Thank him”（正确）。 人称代词的单复数一致 代词需与指代的名词在单复数上保持一致，尤其注意 “you” 单复数同形。 - 单数：This is my pen. It is blue.（这是我的笔，它是蓝色的）- 复数：These are books. They are new.（这些是书，它们是新的）。 物主代词 形容词性物主代词的用法 1. 后接名词，作定语，表 “谁的”；2. 常见形式：my/your/his/her/its/our/their。 - This is her bag.（这是她的包）- Our classroom is big.（我们的教室很大）易错提示：不可单独使用，必须搭配名词，如 “Is this your?”（错误）应为 “Is this yours?”（正确，用名词性物主代词）。 名词性物主代词的用法 1. 不接名词，相当于 “形容词性物主代词 + 名词”，可作主语、宾语、表语；2. 常见形式：mine/yours/his/hers/its/ours/theirs。 - 主语：Hers is a red coat.（她的是一件红色外套，相当于 Her coat）- 表语：The book is mine.（这本书是我的）。 反身代词 反身代词的基本用法 1. 指代主语本身，常与 by、enjoy、hurt 等词搭配；2. 常见形式：myself/yourself/himself/herself/itself/ourselves/yourselves/themselves。 - 固定搭配：by oneself（独自）、enjoy oneself（玩得开心）- 例句：She taught herself English.（她自学英语）。 反身代词的主谓一致 反身代词的单复数、人称需与主语完全一致。 - 单数：I hurt myself yesterday.（我昨天弄伤了自己）- 复数：They bought some gifts for themselves.（他们给自己买了些礼物）。 指示代词 this/that/these/those 的辨析 1. this/these（近指）：指代距离近的人或物，this 接单数，these 接复数；2. that/those（远指）：指代距离远的人或物，that 接单数，those 接复数。 - 近指：This is a pen. These are books.（这是一支笔，这些是书）- 远指：That is a tree. Those are flowers.（那是一棵树，那些是花）易错提示：避免 “this books”“that flowers” 等单复数搭配错误。 that/those 指代前文内容 用于指代前文提到的单数 / 复数名词，避免重复。 - 单数：The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Guangzhou.（北京的天气比广州冷，that 指代 weather）- 复数：The houses here are bigger than those in my hometown.（这里的房子比我家乡的大，those 指代 houses）。 不定代词 some 与 any 的用法区别 1. some 常用于肯定句，表 “一些”，也可用于表请求、建议的疑问句；2. any 常用于否定句、疑问句，表 “任何”。 - 肯定句：I have some apples.（我有一些苹果）- 疑问句（请求）：Can you give me some water?（能给我些水吗）- 否定句：He doesn’t have any friends.（他没有任何朋友）。 each 与 every 的用法区别 1. each 可指两个或两个以上的人 / 物，可单独作主语、宾语，后接 of 短语；2. every 指三个或三个以上的人 / 物，不可单独使用，后接名词单数。 - each：Each of the students has a book.（每个学生都有一本书）- every：Every student should study hard.（每个学生都应该努力学习）。 考点四：数词 数词类别 核心考点细分 考纲要求与规则 典型例句与易错提示 基数词 基数词的基本读写 1. 表示数量，常见形式：0（zero）、1（one）、10（ten）、100（one hundred）、1000（one thousand）；2. 两位数（21-99）由 “几十 + 连字符 + 几” 构成，如 23（twenty-three）；3. 三位数及以上需加 “and”（英式），如 105（one hundred and five）。 - 基本读写：There are thirty-five students in our class.（我们班有 35 名学生）- 大数表达：This building is one thousand two hundred meters tall.（这栋楼 1200 米高）易错提示：避免漏写连字符，如 “twenty three”（错误）应为 “twenty-three”（正确）。 基数词表时间 / 年龄 / 编号 1. 表年龄：“基数词 + years old”，如 5 岁（five years old）；2. 表时间：整点用 “基数词 + o’clock”，非整点用 “基数词 + 基数词”，如 3:15（three fifteen）；3. 表编号：名词 + 基数词，如 3 班（Class Three）、第 5 页（Page Five）。 - 年龄：My little sister is six years old.（我妹妹 6 岁）- 时间：We will meet at two o’clock this afternoon.（我们今天下午 2 点见面）- 编号：Please turn to Page Eight.（请翻到第 8 页）。 序数词 序数词的基本构成与读写 1. 表示顺序，常见形式：1st（first）、2nd（second）、3rd（third）、4th（fourth）、10th（tenth）、20th（twentieth）；2. 两位数序数词：“基数词的十位部分 + 序数词的个位部分”，如 21st（twenty-first）；3. 序数词前常加 “the”，表特指顺序。 - 基本构成：Today is my twelfth birthday.（今天是我 12 岁生日）- 两位数序数词：He finished in thirty-second place in the race.（他在比赛中获得第 32 名）易错提示：避免拼写错误，如 “five” 的序数词是 “fifth”（而非 “fiveth”）。 序数词表日期 / 楼层 / 排名 1. 表日期：“月份 + the + 序数词”，如 5 月 1 日（May the first）；2. 表楼层：“the + 序数词 + floor”，如 3 楼（the third floor）；3. 表排名：“the + 序数词 + in + 范围”，如第一名（the first in the class）。 - 日期：Our school trip is on June the twentieth.（我们的学校旅行在 6 月 20 日）- 楼层：His home is on the fifth floor.（他家在 5 楼）。 数词固定搭配 分数表达 1. 分数由 “基数词（分子）+ 序数词（分母）” 构成，分子大于 1 时分母用复数；2. 分数后接名词时，谓语动词单复数由名词决定，如 “one third of the students”（三分之一的学生，谓语用复数）。 - 分数表达：Two thirds of the land here is covered with trees.（这里三分之二的土地被树木覆盖）易错提示：分子是 1 时分母用单数，如 “one fourth”（四分之一，而非 “one fourths”）。 概数表达（hundred/thousand/million） 1. 表具体数字：“基数词 + hundred/thousand/million”（无复数），如 200（two hundred）；2. 表模糊数字：“hundreds/thousands/millions of”（有复数，后接名词复数），如成百上千（hundreds of）。 - 具体数字：He has five thousand books.（他有 5000 本书）- 模糊数字：Thousands of people took part in the activity.（成千上万的人参加了这次活动）易错提示：避免 “five thousands”“thousand of” 等错误搭配。 考点一：名词 1.（2024·福建合格考）Fu Tian didn't sleep late like other 　　　　　　 (student), but did some part-time jobs and took care of his grandparents. 【答案】students 【详解】other 后接可数名词复数，与后文 jobs 呼应。 题 1：We should develop good ______ (habit) in our daily life. 【答案】habits 【详解】考查可数名词（个体名词）。句意：我们应该在日常生活中养成良好的习惯。“habit” 意为 “习惯”，属于一般名词中的可数名词（个体名词范畴），根据 “good” 及语境可知应用复数形式 “habits”。故填 habits。 题 2：______ (New York) is a big city in the United States. 【答案】New York 【详解】考查专有名词。句意：纽约是美国的一座大城市。“New York” 是表示特定城市的专有名词，首字母需大写，符合语境。故填 New York。 题 3：The ______ (class) are having a discussion about their future plans. 【答案】class 【详解】考查可数名词（集体名词）。句意：这个班的学生们正在讨论他们的未来计划。“class” 是集体名词，此处表示 “班级里的学生们”，谓语动词 “are having” 为复数形式，故用单数 “class”（集体名词表复数含义）。故填 class。 考点二：冠词 1.（2023·河北学考）Amy only had 　　　　　　 egg and some milk for breakfast today. 【答案】an 【详解】egg 以元音音素开头，此处泛指「一个鸡蛋」，用不定冠词 an。 例 1. After the storm, many ______ (branch) fell from the trees. 【答案】branches 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：暴风雨后，许多树枝从树上掉了下来。“branch” 以 “ch” 结尾，复数加 “-es”，“many” 后接可数名词复数，故填 branches。 例 2. The company has introduced new ______ (policy) to improve working conditions. 【答案】policies 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：公司推出了新政策来改善工作条件。“policy” 以 “辅音 + y” 结尾，变 y 为 i 加 “-es”，“new” 后接可数名词复数（表多种政策），故填 policies。 例 3. We need to prepare several ______ (document) for the interview. 【答案】documents 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：我们需要为面试准备几份文件。“document” 是规则可数名词，复数加 “-s”，“several” 后接可数名词复数，故填 documents。 考点三：代词 （2023·河北学考）Jack wanted to learn to play the piano by 　　　　　　 after a live concert. 【答案】himself　 【详解】by oneself独自、靠自己，主语与介词宾语同指一人时用反身代词。 1. It's a ______ ride from the airport to the downtown area. A. two-hours' B. two-hour's C. two-hour D. two-hours 【答案】C 【详解】考查名词所有格的特殊结构。“two-hour” 是复合形容词，相当于 “two hours’”，用于修饰名词 “ride”，表示 “两小时的”。A、B、D 形式错误，故选 C。 2. October 1st is ______ Day. Let's celebrate our country's birthday. A. National B. the National C. Nationals' D. National's 【答案】A 【详解】考查专有名词的所有格。“国庆节” 的正确表达是 “National Day”，属于固定专有名词，无需加所有格符号，也不加定冠词 “the”。B、C、D 形式错误，故选 A。 3. We should respect ______ opinions during the discussion. A. each other B. each other's C. each others' D. each others 【答案】B 【详解】考查相互代词的所有格。“each other” 的所有格形式是 “each other's”，表示 “彼此的”。A 是原形式，C、D 拼写错误，故选 B。 考点四：数词 1.（2024·学考模拟）More than two 　　　　　　 people have been killed in the earthquake. 【答案】　hundred　 【详解】前面有具体数字 two，hundred 用原形，不加 s，也不接 of。 题 1— How old is your brother?— He is ______ years old. Today is his ______ birthday. A. nine; nine B. ninth; nine C. nine; ninth D. ninth; ninth 【答案】C 【详解】考查基数词与序数词的辨析。第一空表年龄 “九岁”，用基数词 “nine”；第二空表 “第九个生日”，用序数词 “ninth”，故选 C。 题 2______ of the land in that area is used for farming. And the rest is used for building houses. A. Two fifth B. Two fifths C. Second five D. Second fifths 【答案】B 【详解】考查分数的正确表达。分数结构为 “基数词（分子）+ 序数词（分母）”，分子大于 1 时分母用复数，“五分之二” 的正确表达是 “two fifths”，故选 B。 题 3There are ______ students in our school. And ______ them are from Guangdong. A. two thousand; two thousand B. two thousands; two thousand of C. two thousand; two thousand of D. two thousands; two thousands of 【答案】C 【详解】考查数词 “thousand” 的用法。第一空表具体数字 “两千”，用 “two thousand”（无复数）；第二空 “two thousand of them” 表示 “他们中的两千人”，需加 “of”，故选 C。 训练 一、单项选择 1. The ______ of the old town attract many tourists, and we can learn about the ______ of local customs there. A. scene; story B. scenes; story C. scene; stories D. scenes; stories 【答案】B 【详解】考查名词数。第一空“scene”作“场景”讲是可数名词，由“attract”可知用复数“scenes”；第二空“story”作“历史、梗概”讲时表整体概念，不可数。故选B。 2. —I know ______ Brown family is moving to Guangzhou. —Yes, it’s said they’ll join ______ Charity Club there. A. Brown; Charity Club B. the Brown; Charity Club C. Brown; the Charity Club D. the Browns; the Charity Club 【答案】D 【详解】考查专有名词。第一空“the Browns”表“布朗一家人”；第二空“the Charity Club”是特定机构专有名词，需加“the”。故选D。 3. There are ______ students in the art club, and ______ of them are good at painting. A. two hundred; two third B. two hundreds; two thirds C. two hundred; two thirds D. two hundreds; two third 【答案】C 【详解】考查数词。第一空表具体数字“两百”，“hundred”用单数；第二空“三分之二”是分数，分子大于1时分母用复数“thirds”。故选C。 4. The climate in Foshan is more humid than ______ in Beijing in summer. A. it B. that C. this D. those 【答案】B 【详解】考查指示代词。指代前文不可数名词“climate”，用“that”避免重复；“it”表同一事物，“this/those”不符合语境。故选B。 4. —Could you lend me ______ reference book on history? —Of course, I have ______ interesting one to recommend. A. some; a B. any; an C. a; an D. an; a 【答案】C 【详解】考查冠词与不定代词。第一空“reference book”是单数可数名词，表“一本参考书”用“a”；第二空“interesting”以元音音素开头，用“an”。故选C。 5. My aunt bought ______ 18-dollar scarf yesterday, and ______ scarf is made of silk. A. a; the B. an; the C. a; an D. an; an 【答案】B 【详解】考查冠词。第一空“18-dollar”中“18”发音以元音音素/eɪ/开头，用“an”；第二空指代上文提到的围巾，表特指用“the”。故选B。 5. —Who helped ______ with the project? —Nobody. We finished it by ______. A. them; themselves B. they; them C. their; themselves D. them; them 【答案】A 【详解】考查代词。第一空位于动词“helped”后作宾语，用宾格“them”；第二空“by oneself”是固定搭配，主语是“we”，对应“themselves”。故选A。 6. ______ of the land in the village is used for planting rice, and the rest is for vegetables. A. Three fifth B. Three fifths C. Third five D. Third fifths 【答案】B 【详解】考查分数表达。分数结构为“基数词（分子）+序数词（分母）”，分子大于1时分母用复数，“五分之三”正确表达是“three fifths”。故选B。 7. —Do you know ______ Smiths? —Yes, they’re ______ friendly family next door. A. the; a B. /; a C. the; / D. /; the 【答案】A 【详解】考查冠词。第一空“the Smiths”表“史密斯一家人”；第二空“a friendly family”表“一个友好的家庭”，用不定冠词“a”。故选A。 8. There are ______ people in the park on weekends, and ______ them are young couples. A. thousand of; three fourth B. thousands of; three fourths C. thousand of; three fourths D. thousands of; three fourth 【答案】B 【详解】考查数词。第一空表模糊数字“成千上万”，用“thousands of”；第二空“四分之三”是分数，分子大于1时分母用复数“fourths”。故选B。 二、单句语法填空 1. The little girl takes great ______ (proud) in her mother’s achievements in science. 【答案】pride 【详解】考查名词。句意：这个小女孩为她妈妈在科学领域的成就感到非常自豪。“take pride in”是固定搭配，“proud”的名词形式是“pride”，表抽象意义不可数。故填pride。 2. What’s your ______ (choose) for the summer vacation, traveling abroad or staying at home? 【答案】choice 【详解】考查名词。句意：你暑假的选择是什么，出国旅游还是待在家里？“your”后接名词，“choose”的名词形式是“choice”，作表语。故填choice。 3. After years of ______ (struggle), he finally achieved his dream of becoming a writer. 【答案】struggle 【详解】考查名词。句意：经过多年的奋斗，他终于实现了成为作家的梦想。“of”后接名词，“struggle”作“奋斗”讲时表抽象意义，不可数。故填struggle。 4. The company has made several ______ (attempt) to enter the international market. 【答案】attempts 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：这家公司做了几次进入国际市场的尝试。“several”后接可数名词复数，“attempt”的复数是“attempts”。故填attempts。 5. About one ______ (three) of the students in our class have read this novel. 【答案】third 【详解】考查分数表达。句意：我们班大约三分之一的学生读过这本小说。分数“三分之一”的表达是“one third”，分母用序数词单数。故填third。 6. Please pass me ______ (that) books on the shelf. I need them for my report. 【答案】those 【详解】考查指示代词。句意：请把书架上的那些书递给我，我写报告需要它们。“books”是复数，“that”的复数形式是“those”。故填those。 7. The ______ (discover) of the ancient coins provides new evidence for local history research. 【答案】discovery 【详解】考查名词。句意：这些古币的发现为当地历史研究提供了新证据。“the”后接名词，“discover”的名词形式是“discovery”，表抽象意义不可数。故填discovery。 8. There are ______ (five) floors in the building, and my office is on the ______ (three) floor. 【答案】five; third 【详解】考查数词。句意：这栋楼有五层，我的办公室在三楼。第一空表数量“五”，用基数词“five”；第二空表顺序“第三”，用序数词“third”。故填five; third。 9. ______ (we) team won the game, which made all of us very excited. 【答案】Our 【详解】考查物主代词。句意：我们队赢了比赛，这让我们所有人都很兴奋。“team”是名词，前面用形容词性物主代词“Our”修饰，句首首字母大写。故填Our。 0. The teacher praised the students for their ______ (honest) in the exam. 【答案】honesty 【详解】考查名词。句意：老师表扬了学生们在考试中的诚实表现。“their”后接名词，“honest”的名词形式是“honesty”，表抽象意义不可数。故填honesty。 一、阅读理解（2026年广东省学考真题） A When expecting guests, I like to have a few small tasks ready, just in case they offer to help. Most guests, I’ve found, will feel great if there are small things they can do in return for my warm reception. So, when my friends Mary and Tom visited my new home one afternoon and asked if I needed anything, I pointed directly to the box of a new lock sitting on my table. “Well, since you asked,” I replied, “this new lock needs to be fixed on the door.” Tom offered to do the work. As he was unpacking the box, he suggested keeping it. “That way, if you change your mind, you can pack everything back in the box and return the lock,” he added. This made me slightly nervous. I didn’t want him to reconsider his offer. While Tom worked, his wife Mary and I drank coffee and had some cookies together. Mary shared with me that she was a bit worried about the lock task. “Tom likes to take things slow. Sometimes, I just need to give him a little push,” she said. Just at that moment, Tom said he hit a dead end. He could not remove the last few small metal pieces from the new lock. Unhurriedly, he sat down, rested his head against the back of the seat, and closed his eyes. It seemed that he was trying to work out a solution — at his own pace (节奏), of course. For the next half-hour, Tom remained glued to his seat. When I was about to ask him to call it quits and have a cup of coffee instead, Mary stood up and tapped her husband on the shoulder. “I don’t mean to rush you, but we aren’t staying here forever,” said Mary. Hearing this, Tom took out his phone and turned to what he called his favorite teacher: the Internet. After searching for a short while, he found a video that showed how. He then walked back to the door and soon announced, “All done!” What a relief! 6. The new lock was intended as___________. A. a small task for the guests B. a house-warming gift for the author C. a secret treasure for the guests to find D. a reminder for the author to call a repairman 7. What made the author slightly nervous? A. The reception of Mary and Tom. B. The expectation from Mary and Tom. C. Tom’s suggestion about keeping the box. D. Tom’s offer to fix the new lock on the door. 8. What did Tom mean when he said he hit a dead end? A. He broke the door. B. He wanted to take a rest. C. He worked out a solution. D. He got stuck in the work. 9. How did Tom finally get the work done? A. By following Mary’s instructions. B. By watching a video online. C. By gluing the metal pieces together. D. By calling his favorite teacher. 10. What is the main purpose of the story? A. To explain how to change a door lock. B. To discuss the challenges of receiving guests. C. To tell a fun story about getting help from guests. D. To encourage readers to do small tasks by themselves. 【答案】6. A 7. C 8. D 9. B 10. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了朋友来访时帮忙安装新锁的有趣经历。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“When expecting guests, I like to have a few small tasks ready, just in case they offer to help. Most guests, I’ve found, will feel great if there are small things they can do in return for my warm reception. So, when my friends Mary and Tom visited my new home one afternoon and asked if I needed anything, I pointed directly to the box of a new lock sitting on my table.(招待客人前，我总会准备几样小活儿，以防他们主动提出要帮忙。我发现，要是能做些小事来回报我的热情招待，大多数客人都会感到很开心。所以，一天下午，当我的朋友玛丽和汤姆来参观我的新家，问我有没有什么需要帮忙的时，我直接指向了桌上那盒新锁。)”和第二段中““Well, since you asked,” I replied, “this new lock needs to be fixed on the door.”(“好吧，既然你们问了，”我答道，“这把新锁得装到门上。” )”可知，新锁是打算作为给客人的一个小任务。故选A。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中““Well, since you asked,” I replied, “this new lock needs to be fixed on the door.” Tom offered to do the work. As he was unpacking the box, he suggested keeping it. “That way, if you change your mind, you can pack everything back in the box and return the lock,” he added. This made me slightly nervous. I didn’t want him to reconsider his offer.(“好吧，既然你们问了，”我答道，“这把新锁得装到门上。”汤姆立刻主动揽下了这个活儿。他拆开盒子时，提议把盒子留着。“这样的话，要是你改主意了，还能把所有零件装回盒子里，把锁退掉。”他补充道。这话让我心里有点发慌，我可不想让他反悔。)”可知，汤姆关于保留盒子的建议让作者有点紧张。故选C。 【8题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段中“Just at that moment, Tom said he hit a dead end. He could not remove the last few small metal pieces from the new lock.(就在那一刻，汤姆说he hit a dead end。他无法从新锁上取下最后几块小金属片。)”可知，汤姆在工作中遇到了困难，他无法从新锁上取下最后几块小金属片，he hit a dead end意思是“他被卡住了”。故选D。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Hearing this, Tom took out his phone and turned to what he called his favorite teacher: the Internet. After searching for a short while, he found a video that showed how. He then walked back to the door and soon announced, “All done!” What a relief!(听到这话，汤姆掏出手机，向他口中“最爱的老师”求助 —— 也就是互联网。搜索了一会儿后，他找到了一个演示安装方法的视频。随后，他走回门边，没过多久就大声宣布：“搞定啦！”我心里的石头总算落了地！)”可知，汤姆最后是通过观看网上的视频完成工作的。故选B。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段“When expecting guests, I like to have a few small tasks ready, just in case they offer to help. Most guests, I’ve found, will feel great if there are small things they can do in return for my warm reception. So, when my friends Mary and Tom visited my new home one afternoon and asked if I needed anything, I pointed directly to the box of a new lock sitting on my table.(招待客人前，我总会准备几样小活儿，以防他们主动提出要帮忙。我发现，要是能做些小事来回报我的热情招待，大多数客人都会感到很开心。所以，一天下午，当我的朋友玛丽和汤姆来参观我的新家，问我有没有什么需要帮忙的时，我直接指向了桌上那盒新锁。)”和第二段中““Well, since you asked,” I replied, “this new lock needs to be fixed on the door.”(“好吧，既然你们问了，”我答道，“这把新锁得装到门上。” )”可知，文章主要讲述了作者的朋友玛丽和汤姆来访时，作者给他们安排了一个小任务——安装新锁，过程中发生了一些有趣的事情，最后汤姆通过观看网上的视频完成了任务。所以这个故事的主要目的是讲述一个从客人那里得到帮助的有趣故事。故选C。 B People living in a coastal community had set underwater traps (陷阱) with food inside to catch a kind of harmful crabs (螃蟹). The traps came in the form of round-shaped nets, with ropes and floats (浮标) to mark their locations. However, local people often found the crab food inside gone, with the traps destroyed. For a long time, no one knew who did this. To catch the “culprit,” a team of scientists placed a hidden camera near one trap. The very next day, the truth was revealed — much sooner than expected. The video recording showed that the clever thief was a female wolf. In the video, the wolf swam straight to the trap’s float and carried it all the way to the beach with her teeth. Then, she kept pulling the rope attached to the float until the trap was in very shallow water. Once the wolf got hold of the trap, she quickly tore open the net and enjoyed a delicious meal. The whole process took less than three minutes. This discovery has started a heated discussion among scientists. Some believe the wolf used the rope, which she clearly understood was the key to her meal, as a tool to get food. Others argue that because the wolf did not make the rope herself, her behavior should not be counted as tool use. Either way, most scientists agree that the wolf showed great problem-solving skills. Since so many traps have been destroyed, they believe that more than one wolf might have known the skills. There remains one interesting question to the scientists: Did the wolf learn from other wolves or by watching other species? Whatever the truth is, this discovery gives us a fresh and respectful view of wolves’ intelligence, reminding us of the wonders and connectedness of our natural world. 11. What does the underlined word “culprit” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A The person setting the trap. B. The person hiding the camera. C. The animal catching the crabs. D. The animal getting the crab food. 12. The wolf kept pulling the rope most likely to ___________. A. help her swim B. bring the trap near C. break the rope D. play with the float 13. What do scientists argue on? A. Whether the wolf actually used a tool. B. Whether the wolf can make a rope herself. C. Whether the wolf worked with other wolves. D. Whether the wolf has problem-solving skills. 14. What remains unclear to the scientists? A. How the wolf located the trap. B. How the wolf destroyed the trap. C. How the wolf picked up the skills. D. How the wolf got food from others. 15. Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A. New Tools for Scientific Research B. Surprising Act of Animal Intelligence C. Effective Protection of Underwater Traps D. Immediate Dangers to Wolves on the Coast 【答案】11. D 12. B 13. A 14. C 15. B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了科学家发现狼利用陷阱绳索获取食物的行为引发了关于狼是否使用工具的讨论。 【11题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段中“However, local people often found the crab food inside gone, with the traps destroyed.(然而，当地人经常发现里面的蟹食不见了，陷阱也被破坏了)”以及第二段中“To catch the “culprit,” a team of scientists placed a hidden camera near one trap.(为了抓住“罪魁祸首”，一组科学家在一个陷阱附近放置了一个隐藏的摄像头)”可知，人们不知道是谁破坏了陷阱，吃掉了里面的蟹食，所以放置摄像头来抓住这个“罪魁祸首”，所以culprit指的是“获取蟹食的动物”。故选D。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Then, she kept pulling the rope attached to the float until the trap was in very shallow water.(然后，她不停地拉连接在浮标上的绳子，直到陷阱处于很浅的水中)”可知，狼不停地拉绳子是为了把陷阱拉到靠近岸边的浅水区。故选B。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Some believe the wolf used the rope, which she clearly understood was the key to her meal, as a tool to get food. Others argue that because the wolf did not make the rope herself, her behavior should not be counted as tool use.(一些人认为狼把绳子（它清楚地知道这是获取食物的关键）当作获取食物的工具。另一些人则认为，因为狼不是自己做的绳子，所以它的行为不应该被算作使用工具)”可知，科学家们争论的是狼是否真正使用了工具。故选A。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“There remains one interesting question to the scientists: Did the wolf learn from other wolves or by watching other species?(科学家们仍然有一个有趣的问题：狼是从其他狼那里学来的，还是通过观察其他物种学来的？)”可知，科学家们仍然不清楚狼是如何学会这种技能的。故选C。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了科学家发现狼利用陷阱绳索获取食物的行为，这一行为引发了科学家们关于狼是否使用工具的讨论，体现了狼的智慧，所以B选项“动物智慧的惊人行为”最能概括文章主旨，适合作为标题。故选B。 二、 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 （2026年广东省学考真题）To improve health and longevity, most people focus on eating the right food, sleeping enough hours, and getting enough exercise. ____16____ It isn’t only based on what you take in but also on what you give. Whether we are giving presents during holidays or offering a listening ear to a friend in need, giving improves our mental health, positively impacts our physical health, and can even bring joy to our work. Research has shown that volunteering offers unbelievable benefits for mental health and longevity. ____17____ During a four-year period, researchers found that those who participated in (参与) 100 or more hours of volunteering per year experienced greater purpose in life and reduced loneliness. ____18____ One study shows a relationship between giving and lowered blood pressure. This study recorded blood pressure and heart rate every 30 minutes for 24 hours. It is revealed that when participants positively connected with others and gave social support, they recorded lower blood pressure. What’s more, giving is helpful for professional health. ____19____ The data shows that when the students were being generous with patients — either with their time or presence — they experienced the joys of feeling connected and making a difference. ____20____ A. Giving also has measurable effects on physical health. B. They even developed a sense of purpose in their profession. C. But the secret to living longer and healthier has another side. D. A study was carried out among volunteers aged 50 and above. E. A survey was conducted among some medical students about what brings them joy. 【答案】16. C 17. D 18. A 19. E 20. B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍除了饮食、睡眠和运动，“给予”也是促进健康和长寿的关键因素，并从心理健康、生理健康及职业健康三方面阐述了“给予”带来的益处。 【16题详解】 上文“To improve health and longevity, most people focus on eating the right food, sleeping enough hours, and getting enough exercise. (为了改善健康和延长寿命，大多数人注重吃对食物、睡足时间并得到足够的运动)”列举了人们普遍关注的健康要素。C选项“But the secret to living longer and healthier has another side. (但是活得更久更健康的秘诀还有另一面)”与上文构成转折关系，通过“But”引出作者要强调的被忽略的另一关键因素，自然引出了下文的主题——“给予”。该句起到了引出核心论点的作用。故选C项。 【17题详解】 上文“Research has shown that volunteering offers unbelievable benefits for mental health and longevity. (研究表明，志愿服务对心理健康和长寿有着惊人的益处)”是本段的主题句。下文“During a four-year period, researchers found that those who participated in (参与) 100 or more hours of volunteering per year... (在四年的时间里，研究人员发现那些每年参与100小时或更多志愿服务的人……)”具体描述了研究中的发现。D选项“A study was carried out among volunteers aged 50 and above. (一项在50岁及以上志愿者中进行的研究被开展)”位于两者之间，既承接上文的“research”，又引出了下文研究的具体对象(50岁及以上志愿者)和研究发现(参与100小时以上志愿服务的益处)。该句使研究描述更具象化。故选D项。 【18题详解】 下文“One study shows a relationship between giving and lowered blood pressure. This study recorded blood pressure and heart rate every 30 minutes for 24 hours. (一项研究表明给予与降低血压之间存在关联。该研究每30分钟记录一次血压和心率，持续了24小时)”开始描述“给予”对“身体健康”的具体影响(降低血压)。A选项“Giving also has measurable effects on physical health. (给予对身体健康也有可测量的影响)”作为段首句，点明了本段的讨论主题，即给予对“physical health”的益处。它与第二段中的“mental health”并列，构成了文章论述的第二个方面。故选A项。 【19题详解】 上文“What’s more, giving is helpful for professional health. (此外，给予对职业健康也有帮助)”提出了第三个论点：给予有助于职业健康。E选项“A survey was conducted among some medical students about what brings them joy. (一项针对一些医学生关于什么带给他们快乐的调查被开展)”具体介绍了为了论证此观点而进行的一项调查及其对象(医学生)，为下文揭示调查发现(给予如何带来职业上的快乐和意义感)做好了铺垫。故选E项。 【20题详解】 上文“The data shows that when the students were being generous with patients — either with their time or presence — they experienced the joys of feeling connected and making a difference. (数据显示，当学生们对病人慷慨付出——无论是时间还是陪伴——他们体验到了建立联系和产生影响所带来的快乐)”描述了调查发现：给予(对病人慷慨)为医学生带来了职业上的快乐和意义感。B选项“They even developed a sense of purpose in their profession. (他们甚至发展出了对自己职业的使命感)”顺承上文，进一步升华了给予所带来的职业益处——不仅仅是即时的“快乐”，更是深层次的“职业使命感”。这有力地支持了本段“给予有益于职业健康”的中心论点，并对段落进行了总结。故选B项。 三、完形填空 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。 （2026年广东省学考真题）August 6th was a hot summer day. The Smith children were playing in their yard after breakfast. Mr. White, a neighbor, hurried by with a paper bag. The children asked where he was going. “For a ____21____. It’s a holiday today,” he said and left. The children were ____22____. They rushed back into the house and asked their parents what holiday that day was. As the family were new to the village, Mr. Smith guessed it might be some ____23____ holiday they hadn’t heard of. He decided that they should join in the ____24____ as they were part of the neighborhood. So they packed some home-made sandwiches in a picnic basket and ____25____ the park nearby, where the villagers would gather on a holiday. When the kids next door saw that, they asked their parents if they could go, too. Before long, the news ____26____ through the village. By noon the park was ____27____ with people from the neighborhood. Everybody had a ____28____ time. The children played games under the trees while the grown-ups sat on the grass and talked. And many were amazed at how many new ____29____ they made that day. But Mr. White wasn’t there, and nobody knew where he was. At sunset, Mr. White walked through the park with a fishing pole. Everybody asked him what ____30____ August 6th was. Mr. White was ____31____ about what he had started. “I was just ____32____. It was so hot this morning that I wanted a day off,” he ____33____. Everybody laughed. They said it was a lovely ____34____ and decided to celebrate again the next year. But since they didn’t think “August 6th” was much of a ____35____, they called it “Neighborhood Day.” 21. A. race B. movie C. picnic D. concert 22. A. lucky B. curious C. helpful D. careless 23. A. local B. foreign C. national D. international 24. A. discussion B. organization C. conversation D. celebration 25. A. longed for B. headed for C. reached for D. watched for 26. A. rose B. spread C. rushed D. disappeared 27. A. mixed B. listed C. crowded D. covered 28. A. short B. tough C. suitable D. fantastic 29. A. friends B. baskets C. families D. sandwiches 30. A. secret B. battle C. holiday D. business 31. A. sick B. bored C. surprised D. confident 32. A. joking B. guessing C. listening D. communicating 33. A. sang B. cheered C. thought D. explained 34. A. request B. revision C. competition D. misunderstanding 35. A. name B. plan C. fact D. sign 【答案】 21. C 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. D 35. A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了邻居怀特先生随口一句想去“野餐”和“今天是假日”的玩笑话，被新搬来的史密斯一家误会，进而引发全村人带着食物到公园聚会，最后意外促成了一个温馨的“邻里日”传统的故事。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“去野餐。今天是假日。”他说完就走了。A. race比赛；B. movie电影；C. picnic野餐；D. concert音乐会。根据后文“So they packed some home-made sandwiches in a picnic basket and ____ the park nearby”可知，史密斯一家准备了野餐篮，所以怀特先生说的活动应该是“野餐”。故选C项。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：孩子们很好奇。A. lucky幸运；B. curious好奇的；C. helpful有帮助的；D. careless粗心的。根据后文“They rushed back into the house and asked their parents what holiday that day was.”可知，孩子们跑回家问父母，说明他们对怀特先生的话感到“好奇”。故选B项。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于一家人刚搬到村里，史密斯先生猜测那天可能是他们没听说过的某个地方性节日。A. local地方的，当地的；B. foreign外国的；C. national国家的；D. international国际的。根据前文“As the family were new to the village”可知，他们刚搬来，所以不太了解当地特有的习俗或节日，因此猜测是“当地的”节日。故选A项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他决定他们应该加入这个庆祝活动，因为他们是社区的一部分。A. discussion讨论；B. organization组织；C. conversation对话；D. celebration庆祝，庆典。根据前文“It’s a holiday today”和后文“where the villagers would gather on a holiday”可知，在节日里人们聚集在一起通常是进行“庆祝”活动。故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：于是他们把一些自制的三明治装进野餐篮，前往附近的公园。A. longed for渴望；B. headed for前往；C. reached for伸手去够；D. watched for留意，守候。根据前文“packed some home-made sandwiches”和后文“the park nearby”可知，他们是准备去公园，所以是“前往”公园。故选B项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：不久，这个消息就在村子里传开了。A. rose升起；B. spread传播，传开；C. rushed冲；D. disappeared消失。根据后文“By noon the park waswith people from the neighborhood.”可知，中午时公园里挤满了人，说明消息“传播”得很快，很多人都知道了。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：到中午时，公园里挤满了邻里乡亲。A. mixed混合的；B. listed列出的；C. crowded拥挤的；D. covered覆盖的。根据前文“the news ____ through the village”和“By noon”可知，消息传开后，很多人来到公园，所以公园变得“拥挤”；be crowded with“挤满了……”。故选C项。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每个人都玩得很开心。A. short短暂的；B. tough艰难的；C. suitable合适的；D. fantastic极好的。根据后文“The children played games under the trees while the grown-ups sat on the grass and talked.”描述的场景以及“many were amazed at how many new ____ they made”的结果，可以推断出大家度过了一段“非常愉快的”时光。故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多人惊讶于那天他们结识了多少新朋友。A. friends朋友；B. baskets篮子；C. families家庭；D. sandwiches三明治。根据前文“As the family were new to the village”和“the park was ____ with people from the neighborhood”以及聚会的社交性质，人们最有可能在聚会上结识新的“朋友”。故选A项。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个人都问他8月6日是什么节日。A. secret秘密；B. battle战役；C. holiday节日；D. business生意。根据前文怀特先生说“It’s a holiday today”以及史密斯一家和全村人的后续行为(准备野餐、聚会)可知，大家一直以为8月6日是一个“节日”。故选C项。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：怀特先生对他引发的事情感到惊讶。A. sick生病的；B. bored无聊的；C. surprised惊讶的；D. confident自信的。根据后文“I was just ____ . It was so hot this morning that I wanted a day off,”可知，怀特先生其实是在开玩笑，他没想到大家当真并组织了一场大型聚会，所以他对此感到“惊讶”。故选C项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我只是在开玩笑。今天早上太热了，我想休息一天，”他解释道。A. joking开玩笑；B. guessing猜测；C. listening听；D. communicating交流。根据前文他说的“It’s a holiday today”并非事实，以及他看到这么多人聚集后的反应，可以推断他当初只是随口“开玩笑”。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我只是在开玩笑。今天早上太热了，我想休息一天，”他解释道。A. sang唱；B. cheered欢呼；C. thought认为；D. explained解释。怀特先生是在向大家说明事情的缘由，澄清误会，所以是“解释”。故选D项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们都说这是一个可爱的误会，并决定明年再庆祝一次。A. request请求；B. revision修订；C. competition比赛；D. misunderstanding误会。根据全文情节，怀特先生一句玩笑话被大家当真，导致了一场本不存在的庆祝活动，这显然是一个“误会”。故选D项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但既然他们认为“8月6日”不是一个好名字，他们就称之为“邻里日”。A. name名字；B. plan计划；C. fact事实；D. sign标志。根据后文“they called it “Neighborhood Day.””可知，他们在讨论给这个新的庆祝活动取一个“名字”。故选A项。 四、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 （2026年广东省学考真题）Are you interested in traditional Chinese opera? Here is some good news for you. This year’s Chinese Opera Week is coming. It will be held in our opera center at ____36____ end of this month. As usual, you can enjoy ____37____ (watch) different forms of Chinese opera in the center. You can learn to sing traditional Chinese opera from Miss Yang, ____38____ (we) opera teacher. You can even buy traditional-style products at over 150 stands. There will also be a food street ____39____ you can try opera-inspired dishes. This year’s opera week ____40____ (feature) new technology. You will see AI robots dressed in opera costumes (服装) performing around you. You can “visit” places ____41____ (use) as the settings for some historical operas with VR technologies. You can also try AI-based photography and 3D-printed ____42____ (culture) products at the Opera-Tech Market as well. You can enjoy all the ____43____ (activity) above for free if you can collect 12 opera-themed stamps online by answering questions about Chinese opera. So ____44____ are you waiting for? Take out your phone, get online ____45____ follow our official account now. 【答案】36. the 37. watching 38. our 39. where 40. will feature 41. used 42. cultural 43. activities 44. what 45. and 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了今年中国戏曲周的相关信息，包括举办时间、地点、活动内容及参与方式等。 【36题详解】 考查冠词。句意：它将于本月底在我们戏曲中心举行。at the end of“在……结束时”，固定短语。故填the。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：和往常一样，你可以在中心欣赏不同形式的中国戏曲。enjoy doing sth.“喜欢做某事”，固定用法，所以空处需用动名词作宾语。故填watching。 【38题详解】 考查代词。句意：你可以向我们的戏曲老师杨小姐学习唱传统戏曲。空处修饰名词短语opera teacher，需用形容词性物主代词our。故填our。 【39题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：还将有一条美食街，在那里你可以品尝以戏曲为灵感的菜肴。空处需用关系词引导定语从句，先行词是a food street，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，所以空处需用关系副词where引导定语从句。故填where。 【40题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：今年的戏曲周将展示新技术。根据上文“This year’s Chinese Opera Week is coming.”及全文使用将来时描述活动安排，feature意为“以……为特色”，需用一般将来时，即will feature。故填will feature。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：你可以利用虚拟现实技术“参观”一些历史戏曲的场景。本句已有谓语动词can “visit”，且空处没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词作后置定语修饰名词places，空处动词use与名词places之间是被动关系，所以空处需用过去分词used作后置定语。故填used。 【42题详解】 考查形容词。句意：你也可以在戏曲科技市场尝试基于人工智能的摄影和3D打印的文化产品。空处修饰名词products，需用形容词cultural“文化的”作定语。故填cultural。 【43题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：如果你能通过回答有关中国戏曲的问题在网上收集12枚戏曲主题邮票，你就可以免费享受以上所有活动。activity活动，可数名词，由all可知，空处名词需用复数。故填activities。 【44题详解】 考查特殊疑问词。句意：那你还在等什么？根据空后“are you waiting for?”可知，此处询问还等什么，所以空处需用特殊疑问词what作介词for的宾语。故填what。 【45题详解】 考查连词。句意：拿出你手机，上网，关注我们的官方账号吧。根据空前后动词短语get online和follow our official account可知，此处前后动词表示并列关系，所以空处需用连词and。故填and。 五、书面表达 （2026年广东省学考真题） 假定你是李华。你校英文报正在举办体育节主题征文活动，请你用英文写一篇征文。 内容包括：（1）你的体育锻炼情况（项目、时间、频率等）； （2）体育锻炼给你带来的感受或变化； （3）呼吁大家进行体育锻炼。 注意：（1）词数90个左右； （2）标题自拟； （3）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文： Embrace Sports, Embrace Life As a high school student, I’ve realized sports are playing an important role in our daily lives. I usually play basketball with my classmates after school for about an hour, three times a week. Sometimes, I also go jogging in the park on weekends. Sports have brought me many positive changes. I’ve become stronger and more energetic. Moreover, they’ve taught me the value of teamwork and perseverance. Whenever I face challenges, I’m more confident to overcome them. In conclusion, sports are essential for our health and growth. Let’s all embrace sports and make them a part of our lives! 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华的身份，为校英文报的体育节主题征文活动写一篇征文，介绍自己的体育锻炼情况、感受或变化，并呼吁大家进行体育锻炼。 【详解】1.词汇积累： 更有活力的：more energetic → more vigorous 价值：value → worth 克服：overcome → conquer 非常重要的：essential → vital 2.句式拓展： 简单句变复合句 原句：I usually play basketball with my classmates after school for about an hour, three times a week. 拓展句：I usually play basketball with my classmates after school, which lasts for about an hour and happens three times a week. 【点睛】【高分句型1】As a high school student, I’ve realized sports are playing an important role in our daily lives. (运用了省略了连接词that的宾语从句) 【高分句型2】Whenever I face challenges, I’m more confident to overcome them. (运用了whenever引导的时间状语从句) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 名词、冠词、代词、数词 【析】学考考查要点|【汇】知识清单盘点|【研】核心专题精讲|【练】巩固提升训练 —— 目 录 —— 析|学考考查要点 汇|知识清单盘点 研|核心专题精讲 考点一 名词 考点二 冠词 考点三 代词 考点四 数词 练|巩固提升训练 板块 知识点 学考具体要求 认知层次 常见题型 名词 可数名词；不可数名词；名词所有格 区分可数名词、不可数名词、专有名词； 掌握可数名词单数、复数规则 + 不规则变化；掌握名词所有格（’s /of）；能在语法填空根据提示变单复数；识别不可数名词不能直接加 a/an，不能随便加 s。 熟练掌握 单项填空、语法填空 冠词 定冠词the表示特指； 不定冠词a表示泛指； 短语中的冠词；句型中的冠词。 主要集中考查冠词的基本用法，根据习惯用法或固定句型确定冠词，注意冠词的一些特殊用法，熟练掌握定冠词和不定冠词的基本规则；熟记学习过的含有冠词的短语及句型；注意零冠词的用法。 熟练掌握 单项填空、语法填空 代词 人称代词；不定代词；it 基础用法：指代物品、天气、时间、距离。 识别人称代词主格、宾格，能根据句子成分选用；区分形容词性物主代词与名词性物主代词，语法填空能正确变形；掌握反身代词基本含义与基础固定搭配；掌握指示代词 this/that/these/those 的基础用法；不定代词是学考高频：能在语境区分 few/a few；little/a little；both/either/neither；all/none；another/other/the other/others；something/anything/nothing；掌握 it 基础用法：指代事物、指代天气 / 时间 / 距离；学考不深挖 it 形式主语 / 宾语难题，仅基础识别；阅读中能找出代词指代前文名词（阅读题常隐性考查）； 熟练掌握 单项填空、语法填空 数词 基数词；序数词；掌握年代、年龄、分数基础表达 基数词 序数词（重点不规则拼写）；分数表达：分子基数，分母序数； 正确地理解和使用 单项填空、语法填空 考点一：名词 类别 细分 规则 例词 专有名词 - 表示特定的人、地方、机构等的名称 April（四月）、China（中国）、Einstein（爱因斯坦） 一般名词 可数名词（个体名词） 表示单个的人或物 dictionary（字典）、student（学生）、car（汽车） 可数名词（集体名词） 表示由多个个体组成的集合体 family（家庭）、team（团队）、class（班级） 不可数名词（物质名词） 表示无法直接计数的物质 rice（米饭）、water（水）、air（空气） 不可数名词（抽象名词） 表示抽象的概念、情感、状态等 knowledge（知识）、happiness（幸福）、courage（勇气） 1. 规则名词的复数形式 序号 规则 例词 1 一般情况在词尾加 - s bird—birds, sea—seas, lake—lakes 2 以 s、x、ch、sh 结尾的在词尾加 - es church—churches, box—boxes, dish—dishes 3 以 - f 或 - fe 结尾的词，变 - f 或 - fe 为 v 再加 - es leaf—leaves, thief—thieves, loaf—loaves 以 - f 或 - fe 结尾的词，加 - s belief—beliefs, chief—chiefs, proof—proofs 4 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的名词，变 y 为 i 加 - es fly—flies, family—families, university—universities 5 以元音字母加 y 结尾的名词，或专有名词以 y 结尾的，加 - s toy—toys, monkey—monkeys, ray—rays 6 以辅音字母加 - o 结尾的名词，一般加 - es hero—heroes, echo—echoes, potato—potatoes 以辅音字母加 - o 结尾的名词，一些外来词加 - s piano—pianos, photo—photos, auto—autos 以辅音字母加 - o 结尾的名词，两者皆可 zero—zeros/zeroes, volcano—volcanos/volcanoes 7 以元音字母加 - o 结尾的名词加 - s radio—radios, bamboo—bamboos, zoo—zoos 8 以 - th 结尾的名词加 - s truth—truths, mouth—mouths, month—months 2. 不规则名词的复数形式 类型 规则 例词 单复数同形 词形无变化 sheep—sheep, deer—deer, means—means 特殊变化 改变内部元音或词尾 man—men, woman—women, foot—feet 外来词复数形式 phenomenon—phenomena, criterion—criteria 3. 抽象名词与物质名词的数的特殊情况 情况 规则 例词 抽象名词具体化 表示具体概念时可与不定冠词连用 a pleasure（一件乐事）、a success（一个成功的人 / 事） 物质名词个体化 表示具体的 “一份”“一种” 等时可数 a coffee（一杯咖啡）、a tea（一杯茶） 类型 构成规则 例词 说明 单数名词 词尾加's Tom's book（汤姆的书）、the teacher's desk（老师的书桌） 绝大多数单数名词直接加's，无论词尾是否为 s 以 s 结尾的复数名词 词尾只加' the students' bags（学生们的书包）、the girls' room（女孩们的房间） 以 s 结尾的规则复数名词，所有格仅加' 不以 s 结尾的复数名词 词尾加's children's toys（孩子们的玩具）、men's shoes（男人们的鞋子） 不规则复数名词（如 children、men）按单数名词规则加's 并列名词 表示 “共同所有”：最后一个名词加's；表示 “各自所有”：每个名词都加's Tom and Jerry's film（汤姆和杰瑞共同的电影）；Tom's and Jerry's pens（汤姆的笔和杰瑞的笔） 重点区分 “共同所属” 与 “各自所属” 的结构差异 特殊场景名词 时间、距离、国家、机构等无生命名词，加's 或 of 结构 today's news（今天的新闻）、ten minutes' walk（十分钟的路程）、China's history（中国的历史）、the door of the room（房间的门） 无生命名词通常用 “of + 名词” 表所属，但时间、距离等常用's 所有格 考点二：冠词 类别 细分 规则 例词 不定冠词 a 的用法 用于以辅音音素开头的单数可数名词前，表首次提到的人或物。 a book（一本书）、a university（一所大学）、a useful tool（一个有用的工具） an 的用法 用于以元音音素开头的单数可数名词前，表首次提到的人或物。 an apple（一个苹果）、an hour（一小时）、an 11-year-old boy（一个 11 岁的男孩） 定冠词 特指上文提及的人或物 当人或物在上文已经出现过，再次提及表特指时用 the。 I have a pen. The pen is red.（我有一支笔，这支笔是红色的） 特指独一无二的事物 用于世界上独一无二的事物前，如天体、自然现象等。 the sun（太阳）、the earth（地球）、the moon（月亮） 特指专有名词（全称） 用于国家、组织、机构等专有名词的全称前。 the People's Republic of China（中华人民共和国）、the United Nations（联合国） 特指固定搭配中的名词 用于一些固定搭配的名词前，如乐器、方位、江河湖海、山脉、群岛等。 play the piano（弹钢琴）、in the east（在东方）、the Yangtze River（长江）、the Himalayas（喜马拉雅山脉） 特指被限定的抽象 / 物质名词 当抽象名词、物质名词被定语修饰表特指时，用 the。 the air in the room（房间里的空气）、the happiness of success（成功的喜悦） 零冠词 泛指复数可数名词 / 不可数名词 复数可数名词表泛指一类事物，不可数名词表泛指时，不用冠词。 Students should study hard.（学生应该努力学习）、Water is important.（水很重要） 泛指专有名词 单个的专有名词（如人名、地名、月份、星期等）表泛指时，不用冠词。 China is a great country.（中国是一个伟大的国家）、Monday is the first day of the week.（星期一是一周的第一天） 泛指固定搭配中的名词 用于一些固定搭配的名词前，如三餐、球类运动、学科、交通工具（by + 交通工具）等。 have lunch（吃午饭）、play football（踢足球）、study math（学数学）、by bus（乘公交车） 考点三：代词 代词类别 核心考点细分 考纲要求与规则 典型例句与易错提示 人称代词 主格与宾格的辨析使用 1. 主格（I/you/he/she/it/we/they）作主语，位于动词前；2. 宾格（me/you/him/her/it/us/them）作宾语，位于动词或介词后。 - 主格：She likes reading.（她喜欢阅读）- 宾格：I often help him with English.（我经常帮他学英语）易错提示：避免主格、宾格混用，如 “Thank he”（错误）应为 “Thank him”（正确）。 人称代词的单复数一致 代词需与指代的名词在单复数上保持一致，尤其注意 “you” 单复数同形。 - 单数：This is my pen. It is blue.（这是我的笔，它是蓝色的）- 复数：These are books. They are new.（这些是书，它们是新的）。 物主代词 形容词性物主代词的用法 1. 后接名词，作定语，表 “谁的”；2. 常见形式：my/your/his/her/its/our/their。 - This is her bag.（这是她的包）- Our classroom is big.（我们的教室很大）易错提示：不可单独使用，必须搭配名词，如 “Is this your?”（错误）应为 “Is this yours?”（正确，用名词性物主代词）。 名词性物主代词的用法 1. 不接名词，相当于 “形容词性物主代词 + 名词”，可作主语、宾语、表语；2. 常见形式：mine/yours/his/hers/its/ours/theirs。 - 主语：Hers is a red coat.（她的是一件红色外套，相当于 Her coat）- 表语：The book is mine.（这本书是我的）。 反身代词 反身代词的基本用法 1. 指代主语本身，常与 by、enjoy、hurt 等词搭配；2. 常见形式：myself/yourself/himself/herself/itself/ourselves/yourselves/themselves。 - 固定搭配：by oneself（独自）、enjoy oneself（玩得开心）- 例句：She taught herself English.（她自学英语）。 反身代词的主谓一致 反身代词的单复数、人称需与主语完全一致。 - 单数：I hurt myself yesterday.（我昨天弄伤了自己）- 复数：They bought some gifts for themselves.（他们给自己买了些礼物）。 指示代词 this/that/these/those 的辨析 1. this/these（近指）：指代距离近的人或物，this 接单数，these 接复数；2. that/those（远指）：指代距离远的人或物，that 接单数，those 接复数。 - 近指：This is a pen. These are books.（这是一支笔，这些是书）- 远指：That is a tree. Those are flowers.（那是一棵树，那些是花）易错提示：避免 “this books”“that flowers” 等单复数搭配错误。 that/those 指代前文内容 用于指代前文提到的单数 / 复数名词，避免重复。 - 单数：The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Guangzhou.（北京的天气比广州冷，that 指代 weather）- 复数：The houses here are bigger than those in my hometown.（这里的房子比我家乡的大，those 指代 houses）。 不定代词 some 与 any 的用法区别 1. some 常用于肯定句，表 “一些”，也可用于表请求、建议的疑问句；2. any 常用于否定句、疑问句，表 “任何”。 - 肯定句：I have some apples.（我有一些苹果）- 疑问句（请求）：Can you give me some water?（能给我些水吗）- 否定句：He doesn’t have any friends.（他没有任何朋友）。 each 与 every 的用法区别 1. each 可指两个或两个以上的人 / 物，可单独作主语、宾语，后接 of 短语；2. every 指三个或三个以上的人 / 物，不可单独使用，后接名词单数。 - each：Each of the students has a book.（每个学生都有一本书）- every：Every student should study hard.（每个学生都应该努力学习）。 考点四：数词 数词类别 核心考点细分 考纲要求与规则 典型例句与易错提示 基数词 基数词的基本读写 1. 表示数量，常见形式：0（zero）、1（one）、10（ten）、100（one hundred）、1000（one thousand）；2. 两位数（21-99）由 “几十 + 连字符 + 几” 构成，如 23（twenty-three）；3. 三位数及以上需加 “and”（英式），如 105（one hundred and five）。 - 基本读写：There are thirty-five students in our class.（我们班有 35 名学生）- 大数表达：This building is one thousand two hundred meters tall.（这栋楼 1200 米高）易错提示：避免漏写连字符，如 “twenty three”（错误）应为 “twenty-three”（正确）。 基数词表时间 / 年龄 / 编号 1. 表年龄：“基数词 + years old”，如 5 岁（five years old）；2. 表时间：整点用 “基数词 + o’clock”，非整点用 “基数词 + 基数词”，如 3:15（three fifteen）；3. 表编号：名词 + 基数词，如 3 班（Class Three）、第 5 页（Page Five）。 - 年龄：My little sister is six years old.（我妹妹 6 岁）- 时间：We will meet at two o’clock this afternoon.（我们今天下午 2 点见面）- 编号：Please turn to Page Eight.（请翻到第 8 页）。 序数词 序数词的基本构成与读写 1. 表示顺序，常见形式：1st（first）、2nd（second）、3rd（third）、4th（fourth）、10th（tenth）、20th（twentieth）；2. 两位数序数词：“基数词的十位部分 + 序数词的个位部分”，如 21st（twenty-first）；3. 序数词前常加 “the”，表特指顺序。 - 基本构成：Today is my twelfth birthday.（今天是我 12 岁生日）- 两位数序数词：He finished in thirty-second place in the race.（他在比赛中获得第 32 名）易错提示：避免拼写错误，如 “five” 的序数词是 “fifth”（而非 “fiveth”）。 序数词表日期 / 楼层 / 排名 1. 表日期：“月份 + the + 序数词”，如 5 月 1 日（May the first）；2. 表楼层：“the + 序数词 + floor”，如 3 楼（the third floor）；3. 表排名：“the + 序数词 + in + 范围”，如第一名（the first in the class）。 - 日期：Our school trip is on June the twentieth.（我们的学校旅行在 6 月 20 日）- 楼层：His home is on the fifth floor.（他家在 5 楼）。 数词固定搭配 分数表达 1. 分数由 “基数词（分子）+ 序数词（分母）” 构成，分子大于 1 时分母用复数；2. 分数后接名词时，谓语动词单复数由名词决定，如 “one third of the students”（三分之一的学生，谓语用复数）。 - 分数表达：Two thirds of the land here is covered with trees.（这里三分之二的土地被树木覆盖）易错提示：分子是 1 时分母用单数，如 “one fourth”（四分之一，而非 “one fourths”）。 概数表达（hundred/thousand/million） 1. 表具体数字：“基数词 + hundred/thousand/million”（无复数），如 200（two hundred）；2. 表模糊数字：“hundreds/thousands/millions of”（有复数，后接名词复数），如成百上千（hundreds of）。 - 具体数字：He has five thousand books.（他有 5000 本书）- 模糊数字：Thousands of people took part in the activity.（成千上万的人参加了这次活动）易错提示：避免 “five thousands”“thousand of” 等错误搭配。 考点一：名词 1.（2024·福建合格考）Fu Tian didn't sleep late like other 　　　　　　 (student), but did some part-time jobs and took care of his grandparents. 题 1：We should develop good ______ (habit) in our daily life. 题 2：______ (New York) is a big city in the United States. 题 3：The ______ (class) are having a discussion about their future plans. 考点二：冠词 1.（2023·河北学考）Amy only had 　　　　　　 egg and some milk for breakfast today. 例 1. After the storm, many ______ (branch) fell from the trees. 例 2. The company has introduced new ______ (policy) to improve working conditions. 例 3. We need to prepare several ______ (document) for the interview. 考点三：代词 （2023·河北学考）Jack wanted to learn to play the piano by 　　　　　　 after a live concert. 1. It's a ______ ride from the airport to the downtown area. A. two-hours' B. two-hour's C. two-hour D. two-hours 2. October 1st is ______ Day. Let's celebrate our country's birthday. A. National B. the National C. Nationals' D. National's 3. We should respect ______ opinions during the discussion. A. each other B. each other's C. each others' D. each others 考点四：数词 1.（2024·学考模拟）More than two 　　　　　　 people have been killed in the earthquake. 题 1— How old is your brother?— He is ______ years old. Today is his ______ birthday. A. nine; nine B. ninth; nine C. nine; ninth D. ninth; ninth 题 2______ of the land in that area is used for farming. And the rest is used for building houses. A. Two fifth B. Two fifths C. Second five D. Second fifths 题 3There are ______ students in our school. And ______ them are from Guangdong. A. two thousand; two thousand B. two thousands; two thousand of C. two thousand; two thousand of D. two thousands; two thousands of 训练 一、单项选择 1. The ______ of the old town attract many tourists, and we can learn about the ______ of local customs there. A. scene; story B. scenes; story C. scene; stories D. scenes; stories 2. —I know ______ Brown family is moving to Guangzhou. —Yes, it’s said they’ll join ______ Charity Club there. A. Brown; Charity Club B. the Brown; Charity Club C. Brown; the Charity Club D. the Browns; the Charity Club 3. There are ______ students in the art club, and ______ of them are good at painting. A. two hundred; two third B. two hundreds; two thirds C. two hundred; two thirds D. two hundreds; two third 4. The climate in Foshan is more humid than ______ in Beijing in summer. A. it B. that C. this D. those 4. —Could you lend me ______ reference book on history? —Of course, I have ______ interesting one to recommend. A. some; a B. any; an C. a; an D. an; a 5. My aunt bought ______ 18-dollar scarf yesterday, and ______ scarf is made of silk. A. a; the B. an; the C. a; an D. an; an 5. —Who helped ______ with the project? —Nobody. We finished it by ______. A. them; themselves B. they; them C. their; themselves D. them; them 6. ______ of the land in the village is used for planting rice, and the rest is for vegetables. A. Three fifth B. Three fifths C. Third five D. Third fifths 7. —Do you know ______ Smiths? —Yes, they’re ______ friendly family next door. A. the; a B. /; a C. the; / D. /; the 8. There are ______ people in the park on weekends, and ______ them are young couples. A. thousand of; three fourth B. thousands of; three fourths C. thousand of; three fourths D. thousands of; three fourth 二、单句语法填空 1. The little girl takes great ______ (proud) in her mother’s achievements in science. 2. What’s your ______ (choose) for the summer vacation, traveling abroad or staying at home? 3. After years of ______ (struggle), he finally achieved his dream of becoming a writer. 4. The company has made several ______ (attempt) to enter the international market. 5. About one ______ (three) of the students in our class have read this novel. 6. Please pass me ______ (that) books on the shelf. I need them for my report. 7. The ______ (discover) of the ancient coins provides new evidence for local history research. 8. There are ______ (five) floors in the building, and my office is on the ______ (three) floor. 9. ______ (we) team won the game, which made all of us very excited. 10. The teacher praised the students for their ______ (honest) in the exam. 一、阅读理解（2026年广东省学考真题） A When expecting guests, I like to have a few small tasks ready, just in case they offer to help. Most guests, I’ve found, will feel great if there are small things they can do in return for my warm reception. So, when my friends Mary and Tom visited my new home one afternoon and asked if I needed anything, I pointed directly to the box of a new lock sitting on my table. “Well, since you asked,” I replied, “this new lock needs to be fixed on the door.” Tom offered to do the work. As he was unpacking the box, he suggested keeping it. “That way, if you change your mind, you can pack everything back in the box and return the lock,” he added. This made me slightly nervous. I didn’t want him to reconsider his offer. While Tom worked, his wife Mary and I drank coffee and had some cookies together. Mary shared with me that she was a bit worried about the lock task. “Tom likes to take things slow. Sometimes, I just need to give him a little push,” she said. Just at that moment, Tom said he hit a dead end. He could not remove the last few small metal pieces from the new lock. Unhurriedly, he sat down, rested his head against the back of the seat, and closed his eyes. It seemed that he was trying to work out a solution — at his own pace (节奏), of course. For the next half-hour, Tom remained glued to his seat. When I was about to ask him to call it quits and have a cup of coffee instead, Mary stood up and tapped her husband on the shoulder. “I don’t mean to rush you, but we aren’t staying here forever,” said Mary. Hearing this, Tom took out his phone and turned to what he called his favorite teacher: the Internet. After searching for a short while, he found a video that showed how. He then walked back to the door and soon announced, “All done!” What a relief! 6. The new lock was intended as___________. A. a small task for the guests B. a house-warming gift for the author C. a secret treasure for the guests to find D. a reminder for the author to call a repairman 7. What made the author slightly nervous? A. The reception of Mary and Tom. B. The expectation from Mary and Tom. C. Tom’s suggestion about keeping the box. D. Tom’s offer to fix the new lock on the door. 8. What did Tom mean when he said he hit a dead end? A. He broke the door. B. He wanted to take a rest. C. He worked out a solution. D. He got stuck in the work. 9. How did Tom finally get the work done? A. By following Mary’s instructions. B. By watching a video online. C. By gluing the metal pieces together. D. By calling his favorite teacher. 10. What is the main purpose of the story? A. To explain how to change a door lock. B. To discuss the challenges of receiving guests. C. To tell a fun story about getting help from guests. D. To encourage readers to do small tasks by themselves. B People living in a coastal community had set underwater traps (陷阱) with food inside to catch a kind of harmful crabs (螃蟹). The traps came in the form of round-shaped nets, with ropes and floats (浮标) to mark their locations. However, local people often found the crab food inside gone, with the traps destroyed. For a long time, no one knew who did this. To catch the “culprit,” a team of scientists placed a hidden camera near one trap. The very next day, the truth was revealed — much sooner than expected. The video recording showed that the clever thief was a female wolf. In the video, the wolf swam straight to the trap’s float and carried it all the way to the beach with her teeth. Then, she kept pulling the rope attached to the float until the trap was in very shallow water. Once the wolf got hold of the trap, she quickly tore open the net and enjoyed a delicious meal. The whole process took less than three minutes. This discovery has started a heated discussion among scientists. Some believe the wolf used the rope, which she clearly understood was the key to her meal, as a tool to get food. Others argue that because the wolf did not make the rope herself, her behavior should not be counted as tool use. Either way, most scientists agree that the wolf showed great problem-solving skills. Since so many traps have been destroyed, they believe that more than one wolf might have known the skills. There remains one interesting question to the scientists: Did the wolf learn from other wolves or by watching other species? Whatever the truth is, this discovery gives us a fresh and respectful view of wolves’ intelligence, reminding us of the wonders and connectedness of our natural world. 11. What does the underlined word “culprit” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A The person setting the trap. B. The person hiding the camera. C. The animal catching the crabs. D. The animal getting the crab food. 12. The wolf kept pulling the rope most likely to ___________. A. help her swim B. bring the trap near C. break the rope D. play with the float 13. What do scientists argue on? A. Whether the wolf actually used a tool. B. Whether the wolf can make a rope herself. C. Whether the wolf worked with other wolves. D. Whether the wolf has problem-solving skills. 14. What remains unclear to the scientists? A. How the wolf located the trap. B. How the wolf destroyed the trap. C. How the wolf picked up the skills. D. How the wolf got food from others. 15. Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A. New Tools for Scientific Research B. Surprising Act of Animal Intelligence C. Effective Protection of Underwater Traps D. Immediate Dangers to Wolves on the Coast 二、 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 （2026年广东省学考真题）To improve health and longevity, most people focus on eating the right food, sleeping enough hours, and getting enough exercise. ____16____ It isn’t only based on what you take in but also on what you give. Whether we are giving presents during holidays or offering a listening ear to a friend in need, giving improves our mental health, positively impacts our physical health, and can even bring joy to our work. Research has shown that volunteering offers unbelievable benefits for mental health and longevity. ____17____ During a four-year period, researchers found that those who participated in (参与) 100 or more hours of volunteering per year experienced greater purpose in life and reduced loneliness. ____18____ One study shows a relationship between giving and lowered blood pressure. This study recorded blood pressure and heart rate every 30 minutes for 24 hours. It is revealed that when participants positively connected with others and gave social support, they recorded lower blood pressure. What’s more, giving is helpful for professional health. ____19____ The data shows that when the students were being generous with patients — either with their time or presence — they experienced the joys of feeling connected and making a difference. ____20____ A. Giving also has measurable effects on physical health. B. They even developed a sense of purpose in their profession. C. But the secret to living longer and healthier has another side. D. A study was carried out among volunteers aged 50 and above. E. A survey was conducted among some medical students about what brings them joy. 三、完形填空 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。 （2026年广东省学考真题）August 6th was a hot summer day. The Smith children were playing in their yard after breakfast. Mr. White, a neighbor, hurried by with a paper bag. The children asked where he was going. “For a ____21____. It’s a holiday today,” he said and left. The children were ____22____. They rushed back into the house and asked their parents what holiday that day was. As the family were new to the village, Mr. Smith guessed it might be some ____23____ holiday they hadn’t heard of. He decided that they should join in the ____24____ as they were part of the neighborhood. So they packed some home-made sandwiches in a picnic basket and ____25____ the park nearby, where the villagers would gather on a holiday. When the kids next door saw that, they asked their parents if they could go, too. Before long, the news ____26____ through the village. By noon the park was ____27____ with people from the neighborhood. Everybody had a ____28____ time. The children played games under the trees while the grown-ups sat on the grass and talked. And many were amazed at how many new ____29____ they made that day. But Mr. White wasn’t there, and nobody knew where he was. At sunset, Mr. White walked through the park with a fishing pole. Everybody asked him what ____30____ August 6th was. Mr. White was ____31____ about what he had started. “I was just ____32____. It was so hot this morning that I wanted a day off,” he ____33____. Everybody laughed. They said it was a lovely ____34____ and decided to celebrate again the next year. But since they didn’t think “August 6th” was much of a ____35____, they called it “Neighborhood Day.” 21. A. race B. movie C. picnic D. concert 22. A. lucky B. curious C. helpful D. careless 23. A. local B. foreign C. national D. international 24. A. discussion B. organization C. conversation D. celebration 25. A. longed for B. headed for C. reached for D. watched for 26. A. rose B. spread C. rushed D. disappeared 27. A. mixed B. listed C. crowded D. covered 28. A. short B. tough C. suitable D. fantastic 29. A. friends B. baskets C. families D. sandwiches 30. A. secret B. battle C. holiday D. business 31. A. sick B. bored C. surprised D. confident 32. A. joking B. guessing C. listening D. communicating 33. A. sang B. cheered C. thought D. explained 34. A. request B. revision C. competition D. misunderstanding 35. A. name B. plan C. fact D. sign 四、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 （2026年广东省学考真题）Are you interested in traditional Chinese opera? Here is some good news for you. This year’s Chinese Opera Week is coming. It will be held in our opera center at ____36____ end of this month. As usual, you can enjoy ____37____ (watch) different forms of Chinese opera in the center. You can learn to sing traditional Chinese opera from Miss Yang, ____38____ (we) opera teacher. You can even buy traditional-style products at over 150 stands. There will also be a food street ____39____ you can try opera-inspired dishes. This year’s opera week ____40____ (feature) new technology. You will see AI robots dressed in opera costumes (服装) performing around you. You can “visit” places ____41____ (use) as the settings for some historical operas with VR technologies. You can also try AI-based photography and 3D-printed ____42____ (culture) products at the Opera-Tech Market as well. You can enjoy all the ____43____ (activity) above for free if you can collect 12 opera-themed stamps online by answering questions about Chinese opera. So ____44____ are you waiting for? Take out your phone, get online ____45____ follow our official account now. 五、书面表达 （2026年广东省学考真题） 假定你是李华。你校英文报正在举办体育节主题征文活动，请你用英文写一篇征文。 内容包括：（1）你的体育锻炼情况（项目、时间、频率等）； （2）体育锻炼给你带来的感受或变化； （3）呼吁大家进行体育锻炼。 注意：（1）词数90个左右； （2）标题自拟； （3）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文： Embrace Sports, Embrace Life As a high school student, I’ve realized sports are playing an important role in our daily lives. I usually play basketball with my classmates after school for about an hour, three times a week. Sometimes, I also go jogging in the park on weekends. Sports have brought me many positive changes. I’ve become stronger and more energetic. Moreover, they’ve taught me the value of teamwork and perseverance. Whenever I face challenges, I’m more confident to overcome them. In conclusion, sports are essential for our health and growth. Let’s all embrace sports and make them a part of our lives! 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华的身份，为校英文报的体育节主题征文活动写一篇征文，介绍自己的体育锻炼情况、感受或变化，并呼吁大家进行体育锻炼。 【详解】1.词汇积累： 更有活力的：more energetic → more vigorous 价值：value → worth 克服：overcome → conquer 非常重要的：essential → vital 2.句式拓展： 简单句变复合句 原句：I usually play basketball with my classmates after school for about an hour, three times a week. 拓展句：I usually play basketball with my classmates after school, which lasts for about an hour and happens three times a week. 【点睛】【高分句型1】As a high school student, I’ve realized sports are playing an important role in our daily lives. (运用了省略了连接词that的宾语从句) 【高分句型2】Whenever I face challenges, I’m more confident to overcome them. (运用了whenever引导的时间状语从句) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $