第07讲 长难句讲义 非谓语动词(三)-2027年高三英语一轮复习专项

2026-10-28
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Day 7 · 非谓语动词(三) —— 强化训练 目录 一、 典例分析 1 二、 仿写练习 5 1. 语法填空与仿写练习 5 2. 答案解析与仿写参考 6 3. 写作迁移 7 阶段目标:通过“五步四层剥离法”综合辨析现在分词、过去分词在句中作状语、定语、宾补时的功能差异,掌握同一句中多个非谓语形式并存时的分层拆解与逻辑主语判断方法。 1、 典例分析 ⭐ 例1(2025北京卷·完形填空)难度:★★☆☆☆ 原句: I hear him barking excitedly. I sometimes call him back, worried that he might have someone scared. ① 全句观: 连词数:1个(that)| 动词数:6个(hear, barking, call, worried, might have, scared) 结构类型:现在分词作宾语补足语 + 过去分词作状语 + 过去分词作宾补 ② 第一层(并列切分): 无并列连词,由两个独立句子构成 ③ 第二层(主从定位): 第一句主干:I hear him barking. 第二句主干:I sometimes call him back. barking → 现在分词作宾语补足语(hear him doing sth.,表示“听到他正在叫”) worried that... → 过去分词短语作原因状语(“因为担心……”) scared → 过去分词作宾语补足语(have someone scared,“让某人受到惊吓”) ④ 第三层(修饰剥离): excitedly → 副词,修饰 barking that he might have someone scared → 宾语从句,作 worried 的宾语 sometimes → 频率副词 ⑤ 第四层(最小单元): 主句1:I hear him barking.主句2:I call him back, worried. 宾语从句:he might have someone scared. 树状结构图: [I] [hear] [him] [barking excitedly] └── [现在分词作宾语补足语] [I] [sometimes call] [him] [back] └── [worried that he might have someone scared] [过去分词作原因状语] └── [that he might have someone scared] [宾语从句] └── [scared] [过去分词作宾语补足语] ⚠️ 核心考点: hear sb. doing sth. 中,现在分词作宾语补足语,表示动作正在进行 worried that... 中,过去分词短语作原因状语,逻辑主语是句子主语 I(I was worried) have sb./sth. done 中,过去分词作宾语补足语,表示被动 ⭐ 例2(2024天津卷·单项选择)难度:★★★☆☆ 原句: The organizers had to cancel the outdoor concert due to the sudden thunderstorm, disappointing many eager fans who had been waiting for hours. ① 全句观: 连词数:1个(who)| 动词数:3个(had to cancel, disappointing, had been waiting) 结构类型:现在分词作结果状语 + who引导的定语从句 ② 第一层(并列切分): 无并列连词 ③ 第二层(主从定位): 主句主干:The organizers had to cancel the outdoor concert. 现在分词作结果状语:disappointing many eager fans → 表示取消音乐会带来的自然而然的结果 定语从句(who引导):who had been waiting for hours → 修饰 fans disappointing 的逻辑主语是前面整件事(音乐会被取消),而非 organizers ④ 第三层(修饰剥离): due to the sudden thunderstorm → 介词短语作原因状语 many eager fans → disappointing 的宾语 for hours → 介词短语作时间状语 ⑤ 第四层(最小单元): 主句:The organizers had to cancel the concert. 结果状语:disappointing many fans. 定语从句:who had been waiting. 树状结构图: [The organizers] [had to cancel] [the outdoor concert] └── [due to the sudden thunderstorm] [原因状语] └── [, disappointing many eager fans] [现在分词作结果状语] └── [who had been waiting for hours] [定语从句,修饰 fans] ⚠️ 核心考点: 现在分词作结果状语时,逻辑主语通常是前面整件事,而非主句主语 定语从句中的过去完成进行时(had been waiting)表示“一直等到那时” ⭐ 例3(2024新课标II卷·语法填空)难度:★★★★☆ 原句: Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, inspired by The Peony Pavilion, was built at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace. ① 全句观: 连词数:0个 | 动词数:2个(inspired, was built) 结构类型:过去分词作后置定语(插入主谓之间) ② 第一层(并列切分): 无并列连词 ③ 第二层(主从定位): 主句主干:a six-meter-tall pavilion was built at the Firs Garden. 过去分词作后置定语:inspired by The Peony Pavilion → 修饰 pavilion,表示被动关系(“被《牡丹亭》启发的”) inspired 的逻辑主语是 pavilion,二者是被动关系 过去分词短语插入主语和谓语之间,构成“主谓分离” ④ 第三层(修饰剥离): Two years later → 时间状语 just ten minutes' walk from Shakespeare's birthplace → 介词短语作补充说明地点 ⑤ 第四层(最小单元): 主句:a pavilion was built. 定语:inspired by The Peony Pavilion. 树状结构图: [Two years later] [时间状语] [a six-meter-tall pavilion] └── [, inspired by The Peony Pavilion,] [过去分词作后置定语,修饰 pavilion] [was built] [at the Firs Garden] ⚠️ 核心考点: 过去分词作后置定语表被动/完成,与定语从句的转换:inspired by = which was inspired by 过去分词短语插入主谓之间时,需注意主谓一致和句子主干识别 ⭐ 例4(2025全国I卷·语法填空)难度:★★★★☆ 原句: The exhibition brings together Go culture, presenting the game in a visual context and initiating dialogues with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism. ① 全句观: 连词数:1个(and)| 动词数:3个(brings, presenting, initiating) 结构类型:现在分词作伴随状语(两个并列分词短语) ② 第一层(并列切分): and 连接两个并列的现在分词短语:presenting / initiating ③ 第二层(主从定位): 主句主干:The exhibition brings together Go culture. 现在分词作伴随状语1:presenting the game in a visual context → 伴随主句动作 现在分词作伴随状语2:initiating dialogues with... → 与 presenting 并列 两个分词的逻辑主语均为 The exhibition(主动关系) ④ 第三层(修饰剥离): Go culture → brings together 的宾语 in a visual context → 介词短语作方式状语 with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism → 介词短语作状语 ⑤ 第四层(最小单元): 主句:The exhibition brings together Go culture. 伴随状语1:presenting the game. 伴随状语2:initiating dialogues. 树状结构图: [The exhibition] [brings together] [Go culture] └── [, presenting the game in a visual context] [现在分词作伴随状语1] └── [and initiating dialogues with minimalist art...] [现在分词作伴随状语2,与 presenting 并列] ⚠️ 核心考点: 现在分词作伴随状语时,表示与主句谓语同时发生的动作 两个或多个现在分词并列作伴随状语时,需保持结构平行 ⭐ 例5(2024浙江1月卷·语法填空)难度:★★★★★ 原句: However, if you’re shopping for one, buying extra benefiting from price reductions doesn’t make sense. 树状结构图:① 全句观: 连词数:1个(if)| 动词数:4个('re shopping, buying, benefiting, doesn't make) 结构类型:动名词作主语 + 现在分词作后置定语 + if条件状语从句 ② 第一层(并列切分): 无并列连词 ③ 第二层(主从定位): 条件状语从句(if引导):if you’re shopping for one 主句主干:buying extra doesn’t make sense. 动名词作主语:buying extra → 整个短语作主句主语 现在分词作后置定语:benefiting from price reductions → 修饰 extra(“从降价中获益的额外商品”) buying 是动名词,作主语,谓语用单数(doesn't make sense) benefiting 是现在分词,作后置定语,修饰 extra,逻辑主语是 extra(extra benefits from price reductions,主动关系) ④ 第三层(修饰剥离): for one → 介词短语作状语(指代前文提及的商品) from price reductions → 介词短语作状语 sense → make sense 固定搭配(有意义) ⑤ 第四层(最小单元): 条件状语从句:you're shopping for one. 主句:Buying extra doesn't make sense. 定语:benefiting from reductions. [However,] [if you're shopping for one] [条件状语从句] [buying extra] [doesn't make sense] [主句] └── [benefiting from price reductions] [现在分词作后置定语,修饰 extra] ⚠️ 核心考点: 动名词(buying)作主语时,谓语动词用单数 现在分词(benefiting)作后置定语,修饰 extra,与动名词 buying 功能不同,需分层判断 同一句中动名词与现在分词并存,是极难句的典型特征 2、 仿写练习 1. 语法填空与仿写练习 ⭐ 练1 原句(2025北京卷·完形填空): I hear him _________ (bark) excitedly. I sometimes call him back, _________ (worry) that he might have someone _________ (scare). ① 请在三个横线上填入正确的非谓语形式: ② 第一个横线处作什么成分? ________________________________ ③ 第二个横线处作什么成分?逻辑主语是谁? ____________________ ④ 翻译全句: ________________________________________________ ⭐ 练2 原句(2024天津卷·单项选择): The organizers had to cancel the outdoor concert due to the sudden thunderstorm, _________ (disappoint) many eager fans who had been waiting for hours. ① 请在横线上填入正确的非谓语形式: ② 判断横线处作什么成分: ________________________________ ③ 横线处的逻辑主语是什么? ________________________________ ④ 翻译全句: ________________________________________________ ⭐ 练3 原句(2024新课标II卷·语法填空): Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, _________ (inspire) by The Peony Pavilion, was built at the Firs Garden. ① 请在横线上填入正确的非谓语形式: ② 判断横线处作什么成分: ________________________________ ③ pavilion 与 inspire 之间是什么关系? ________________________ ④ 翻译全句: ________________________________________________ ⭐ 练4 原句(2025全国I卷·语法填空): The exhibition brings together Go culture, _________ (present) the game in a visual context and _________ (initiate) dialogues with minimalist art. ① 请在两个横线上填入正确的非谓语形式: ② 这两个非谓语动词作什么成分? ______________________________ ③ 它们的逻辑主语是谁? ________________________________________ ④ 翻译全句: ________________________________________________ ⭐ 练5 ✍️【仿写任务】 任务说明: 请根据以下中文提示,写一段话(不少于50词),描述一次活动或事件的结果及你的感受,至少使用1个现在分词作结果状语、1个过去分词作定语和1个现在分词作伴随状语。 提示: 描述一次比赛、演出或社区活动,说明其结果以及参与者的反应。 你的仿写: _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 2. 答案解析与仿写参考 ⭐ 练1 参考答案 ① 答案: barking / worried / scared ② 现在分词作宾语补足语(hear him doing sth.,表示动作正在进行) ③ 过去分词作原因状语,逻辑主语是 I(I was worried) ④ 翻译: 我听到他兴奋地叫着。我有时会把他叫回来,担心他让什么人被吓到。 ⭐ 练2 参考答案 ① 答案: disappointing ② 现在分词作结果状语(表示取消音乐会带来的自然结果) ③ 逻辑主语是前面整件事(音乐会被取消这一事实) ④ 翻译: 由于突如其来的雷暴,组织者不得不取消户外音乐会,这让许多已经等了几个小时的热情粉丝感到失望。 ⭐ 练3 参考答案 ① 答案: inspired ② 过去分词作后置定语(修饰 pavilion) ③ 被动关系(pavilion 被《牡丹亭》启发) ④ 翻译: 两年后,一座受《牡丹亭》启发而建的六米高亭子在菲斯花园落成。 ⭐ 练4 参考答案 ① 答案: presenting / initiating ② 现在分词作伴随状语(两个并列分词短语) ③ 逻辑主语是 The exhibition(展览主动呈现、发起对话) ④ 翻译: 展览汇集了围棋文化,在视觉语境中呈现这一游戏,并发起与极简主义艺术、观念艺术和表现主义的对话。 ⭐ 练5 仿写参考 The school sports meet ended with our class winning the relay race, disappointing no one and thrilling every teammate. The medals awarded to our class were displayed in the classroom, reminding us of the sweat and effort we had shared. Holding the trophy together, we felt that every early-morning practice had been worth it. (51 words) 3. 写作迁移 任务: 用非谓语动词写一段话(不少于50词),描述一次活动或事件的结果及你的感受,至少使用1个现在分词作结果状语、1个过去分词作定语和1个现在分词作伴随状语。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 写作示范: The school sports meet ended with our class winning the relay race, disappointing no one and thrilling every teammate. The medals awarded to our class were displayed in the classroom, reminding us of the sweat and effort we had shared. Holding the trophy together, we felt that every early-morning practice had been worth it.  学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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第07讲 长难句讲义 非谓语动词(三)-2027年高三英语一轮复习专项
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第07讲 长难句讲义 非谓语动词(三)-2027年高三英语一轮复习专项
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第07讲 长难句讲义 非谓语动词(三)-2027年高三英语一轮复习专项
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