专题04 首字母填空-【题型易-必考题型】2026-2027学年九年级上册英语第五单元测试题型特训（译林版·南京专用）

考前特训 专题04 首字母填空 第五单元测试题型特训（南京专用） 姓名：___________班级：___________座号：___________ 内容提要 题型分析 解题指导 集中突破 一、题型定位 首字母填空是南京卷的固定题型：考场上为 1 篇短文、10 个空，满分 10 分（每空 1 分）。它给出每空的首字母，要求补全单词，既考词汇的拼写与词形变化，也考句法位置的判断——同一个首字母下可能有多个候选词，只有结合空格前后的搭配、时态和语意才能锁定唯一答案。短文以记叙文和说明文为主，主题集中在中外音乐与艺术、环保行动等。本专辑按同一题型放大训练，共选 8 篇短文、80 空。 二、命题形式与题量 设空以「首字母 + 空号 + 空格」的形式嵌在句中，例如 “we are asked to s　1　water and electricity”，作答时只写完整单词，不写首字母。 南京卷固定为 1 篇短文、10 空，满分 10 分，每空 1 分；本专辑按同一格式编入 8 篇短文、共 80 空用于集中训练，篇目按短文由短到长排列，同一篇内部 10 空难度大体递增。词性分布上，名词与形容词占比最高，动词次之，另有少量介词、副词与连词。 三、核心考点分布 本专辑 80 空中约三成考查词形变化（动词过去式与分词、形容词与副词、名词复数），约四成考查词义辨析与固定搭配（earn one's status、shut…out、attend a show、spend time doing sth. 等），其余考查时态语态、主谓一致和介词选择。命题素材多取自音乐艺术与环保主题，常见词为 performance、instrument、imagination、conservation、impression 等，重复考查率高，适合按「搭配 + 词形」两条线集中突破。 四、难度与趋势 整体难度中等偏上，区分度主要体现在「同首字母多候选」的辨析上。近年南京卷趋势是：纯词义记忆的空减少，依赖上下文逻辑与句法位置的空增多，尤其是动词形式与被动语态的组合考查。 命题仍保持短篇易、长篇难的不均分布：本专辑 8 篇按由短到长编排，训练时前 4 篇应稳拿，后 4 篇可先跳读标记、回头攻坚。真实考场上只有 1 篇 10 空，建议限时 8—10 分钟完成，并留 2 分钟回读校核。 一、四步解题法 第一步　读首字母，先给词性定位。看到首字母先判断空格在句中充当什么成分：位于名词前多半是形容词，位于动词后多半是副词或介词，位于及物动词与宾语之间多半是介词。这一步先排除掉一半候选词。 第二步　抓搭配，把首字母缩到一两个词。把空前空后的内容连起来读，锁定固定搭配或常用结构，如 spend time (in) doing sth.、earn one's status、attend a show、shut…out。搭配一旦确定，答案基本唯一。 第三步　查形式，按时态与主谓一致变形。确定词义后立即检查动词形态：叙事用一般过去时就用过去式，出现 have / has 就用过去分词，主语为第三人称单数要加 -s。名词注意可数与不可数。 第四步　回读校核，通篇一致。填完后连读全篇，确认时态统一、人称一致、语义通顺；同一篇的 10 空之间常有词汇复现，回头对照往往能发现自己填错的词。 二、结合本次特训题目的实战点拨 【点拨1】固定搭配锁定介词——以 Passage 2 题 7 为例：原文设空句：“It has e　7　its high status (地位) as a valuable part of Ch...” （首字母 e）空格前有助动词 has，说明谓语要用过去分词；后文的 its high status 提示常见搭配 earn one's status，意为“赢得地位”。首字母 e 与 earn 吻合，故填 earned。提示：出现 have / has / have been 时，先想动词的过去分词，再核对搭配。 【点拨2】非谓语动词与动词原形辨析——以 Passage 8 题 1 为例：原文设空句：“we are asked to s　1　water and electricity.” （首字母 s）句中 be asked to do sth. 后接动词原形，空格处表示“节约”，save 意为“节约”，词性为动词原形。reduce 虽也含 r 首字母但不合首字母提示，saving 则是非谓语或名词形式，均不合位置。故填 save。提示：首字母不只查实词，还要先判该空在句中作什么成分。 【点拨3】形容词作定语——以 Passage 4 题 5 为例：原文设空句：“The erhu plays a l　5　role in many Chinese folk orchestras (乐团)...” （首字母 l）空格后紧跟名词 role，此处需填形容词作定语；后文 just as the violin does in Western orchestras 提示二胡在中国民族管弦乐团中居于主导地位，leading 意为“领先的、主导的”。lonely、lively 等词虽同为 l 开头却不合语境。故填 leading。提示：形容词修饰名词时，看它说明的是事物的哪一类性质。 【点拨4】时态与过去式——以 Passage 5 题 3 为例：原文设空句：“The museum o　3　its doors to the public on June 16th, 2021.” （首字母 o）句中时间状语 on June 16th, 2021 是明确的时间点，谓语应用一般过去时；open its doors to the public 意为“向公众开放”。注意 open 在此是及物动词，不加 -ed 也能表“开放”，但与具体过去时间连用必须用 opened。故填 opened。提示：看到具体过去时间，先判时态再填词。 【点拨5】主谓一致性原则——以 Passage 7 题 2 为例：原文设空句：“Now people b　2　that early music was used for religious purpo...” （首字母 b）空格在宾语从句的谓语位置，从句主语 people 是复数、时间标志 now 表当下，用一般现在时；结合“人们认为”这一含义，动词用 believe（“认为、相信”），不用 believed。故填 believe。提示：宾语从句谓语仍要遵守主谓一致与时态。 【点拨6】固定短语 shut…out——以 Passage 3 题 4 为例：原文设空句：“It helps me to shut o　4　the noisy world around me.” （首字母 o）shut…out 是固定搭配，意为“把……关在外面”；句意是“戴着耳机把嘈杂的世界隔绝在外”，首字母 o 与 out 吻合。out 与 off、outside 等同首字母词相比，只有 shut out 能与 shut 构成固定搭配。故填 out。提示：看到动词先想它能带哪些固定搭配，这往往比逐词翻译更快。 【点拨7】名词作定语与主题呼应——以 Passage 8 题 4 为例：原文设空句：“They show the importance of c　4　protection.” （首字母 c）空格后是名词 protection，此处需填名词作定语，用来说明“保护”的对象。上文提到 renewable energy 可以 greatly cut down on carbon emissions（大幅减少碳排放），本空与 carbon emissions 直接呼应，故 carbon“碳”在此作定语，表示减少碳排放、保护环境之意。紧接其后的 For example, one poster says, “Every drop counts. Please save water!” 只是列举海报内容之一（节水宣传），并非对本空的限定，不能据此改判答案；clean、common 等同首字母词也无法与 protection 搭配表达“减少碳排放”这一含义。故填 carbon。提示：读题时先圈出主题词，同主题的名词往往就是答案。 【点拨8】并列结构锁定形容词——以 Passage 1 题 2 为例：原文设空句：“She was a t　1　musician who had studied both E　2　and Western techniques.” （首字母 E）空格与 and 后的 Western 并列，共同修饰中心词 techniques，因此该空只能填形容词，句中并不存在介词。由 both…and… 的并列对应可知，与 Western（西方的）相对的方位形容词是 Eastern（东方的），首字母 E 吻合，且须大写。故填 Eastern。提示：遇到 and / both…and… 连接的并列成分，先看并列项的词性与形式是否一致，再定词义。 三、易错提醒 只写首字母不写单词：本题要填完整单词，写一个字母不得分；注意大小写与单复数。 忽略词形变化：把动词原形直接填进过去时或完成时的句子，是最常见的失分点。 误判词性：形容词与副词互换、介词与连词互换，句子读起来未必别扭，但语法上已错。 答案与首字母不符：写完逐空扫一遍首字母提示，防止因惯性思维填错。 书写不规范：答案不加引号、不写标点；单词拼写错误按错处理，注意双写辅音与不发音字母。 Passage 1 根据短文内容及首字母提示，写出所缺单词。 The Sound of Silk In a small theatre, a young pipa player named Su Min was ready to present her new piece. She was a t 1 musician who had studied both E 2 and Western techniques. Her music was a special m 3 of old Chinese tunes and modern beats, creating a feeling that seemed to move like a w 4 . As she started to play, the clear sound of a b 5 rang through the room, and the listeners at once felt something f 6 yet new. The melody crossed every cultural line, t 7 people from different places. After the p 8 , an old man said to her, “I don’t know your language, but your music told me a story.” Su Min smiled, understanding that real art has no borders. She had won national fame for her works, and her music was now known w 9 . The press often spoke highly of her creativity, but she simply said, “Music doesn’t need words; it s 10 to the heart.” 【答案】 1．talented 2．Eastern 3．mix 4．wave 5．bell 6．familiar 7．touching 8．performance 9．worldwide 10．speaks 【导语】本文是记叙文，讲述琵琶演奏家苏敏，融合东西方音乐技法进行创作。她的音乐跨越文化国界，真正的艺术没有边界，音乐可以直接触动人心。 【详解】1．句意：她是一位有天赋的音乐家，既学习过东方也学习过西方演奏技法。修饰名词musician，用形容词；首字母t对应形容词talented“有天赋的”，符合语境。 2．句意：她是一位有天赋的音乐家，既学习过东方也学习过西方演奏技法。and表示并列，和“Western”（西方的）对应，首字母E对应Eastern“东方的”。 3．句意：她的音乐将中国古老曲调与现代节奏巧妙融合，营造出如同波浪般流动的意境。固定搭配a mix of…“……的混合/融合”，首字母m对应名词mix。 4．句意：她的音乐将中国古老曲调与现代节奏巧妙融合，营造出如同波浪般流动的意境。不定冠词a后面接名词；此处指音乐旋律如同波浪起伏流动，首字母w对应名词wave“波浪”。 5．句意：当她开始演奏，清亮的铃铛声响彻整个剧场。听众立刻感受到一种既熟悉又新颖的体验。clear sound“清脆的声音”，此处指清亮的铃铛声，首字母b对应bell“铃铛”。 6．句意：当她开始演奏，清亮的铃铛声响彻整个剧场。听众立刻感受到一种既熟悉又新颖的体验。yet表转折，和new“新颖的”形成对比；首字母f对应familiar 形容词，意为“熟悉的”。 7．句意：旋律跨越所有文化界限，打动来自不同地方的人们。此处需用现在分词作伴随状语；表示打动了人，首字母t对应touch“打动”，变为touching。 8．句意：演出结束之后，一位老人对她说：“我不懂你的语言，但你的音乐给我讲述了一个故事。”定冠词the后接名词；此处表示表演结束，首字母p对应performance“演出、表演”。 9．句意：她的作品已经赢得国内声誉，她的音乐如今世界各地都为人知晓。 此处表示世界闻名，首字母w对应副词worldwide，“在全世界，遍及全球”，修饰动词known。 10．句意：音乐不需要语言；它诉说心灵。引号内是直接引语，用一般现在时；主语it，谓语动词三单。固定搭配speak to the heart“触动心灵、向心灵诉说”，首字母s对应三单形式speaks。 Passage 2 The folk art form, kuaiban, which has a long history, can be performed by a group or a single person. People can a 1 kuaiban shows in tea houses, theatres, or village squares. Most Chinese people are f 2 with this down-to-earth art form, which is deeply rooted in the daily life of ordinary working people. Holding one or two pairs of bamboo clappers, a type of traditional Chinese i 3 , performers tell stories in local dialects. As a classic treasure of Chinese folk culture, kuaiban has gathered numerous fans w 4 are fascinated by its touching narration. This art form is a special m 5 of distinct regional cultural characteristics and rich local customs across different parts of China. By appreciating kuaiban shows, audiences can widen their knowledge, as the folk artists turn daily stories and folk tales into vivid (生动的) and impressive scenes with i 6 and creativity. It has e 7 its high status (地位) as a valuable part of China’s intangible cultural heritage, carrying the wisdom and emotions of ordinary working people. It has stood the test of time and retains (保留) its u 8 charm in modern society. Many young artists are adding modern elements t 9 kuaiban to attract younger audiences. We are e 10 to take our hats off to those folk artists for their unremitting efforts to keep this ancient art alive and enable it to continue blooming in the garden of Chinese culture. 【答案】 1．attend 2．familiar 3．instrument 4．who 5．mixture 6．imagination 7．earned 8．unique 9．to 10．encouraged 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国传统民间艺术快板，讲述了它的表演形式、特点、文化价值，以及当代艺术家传承创新快板艺术的一些情况。 【详解】1．句意：人们可以在茶馆、剧院或乡村广场观看快板表演。根据语境可知，此处考查常用表达attend a show，意为“观看演出、参加表演”，结合首字母，此处attend符合语境，是动词，情态动词can后接动词原形。 2．句意：大多数中国人都熟悉这种接地气的艺术形式，它深深植根于普通劳动者的日常生活中。根据语境和首字母提示可知，此处考查固定短语be familiar with，意为“对……熟悉”，因此，此处应填familiar。 3．句意：表演者手持一两对中国传统乐器竹板，用当地方言讲故事。根据“kuaiban”和首字母提示可知，此处instrument符合语境，意为“乐器”。 4．句意：作为中国民间文化的经典瑰宝，快板聚集了众多被其感人叙述所吸引的粉丝。“are fascinated by its touching narration”作“fans”的定语，先行词为fans“粉丝”，指人，且关系代词在从句中作主语，用关系代词who。 5．句意：这种艺术形式是中国不同地区独特的地域文化特征和丰富的地方风俗的特殊混合。根据语境和首字母提示，此处考查固定短语a mixture of，意为“……的混合物/融合体”，因此，此处填mixture。 6．句意：通过欣赏快板表演，观众可以拓宽他们的知识面，因为民间艺术家用想象力和创造力将日常故事和民间故事变成生动而令人印象深刻的场景。and连接的是并列成分，根据其后的“creativity”可知，此处应填入一个名词，结合首字提示及表演创作常识可知，音乐创作需要想象力，因此，此处填imagination符合语境，意为“想象力”。 7．句意：它作为中国非物质文化遗产的宝贵组成部分，承载着普通劳动人民的智慧和情感，赢得了很高的地位。根据语境此处考查常用搭配earn one’s status，意为"赢得地位"，由助动词“has”可知，句子是现在完成时，其结构是“have/has+动词的过去分词”，earn的过去分词是earned。 8．句意：它经受住了时间的考验，在现代社会中依然保留着其独特的魅力。根据语境和首字母提示，此处考查常用搭配unique charm，意为“独特的魅力”，因此，此处应填unique。 9．句意：许多年轻艺术家正在为快板添加现代元素以吸引年轻观众。根据语境和首字母提示，此处考查固定搭配add…to…，意为“把……添加到……中”，因此，此处应填to。 10．句意：我们受鼓舞向那些民间艺术家脱帽致敬，感谢他们为保护这一古老艺术而做出的不懈努力，使其在中国文化花园中继续绽放。结合语境和首字母提示，此处考查短语be encouraged to do sth.，意为“被鼓励做某事”，是一般现在时的被动语态结构，此处应填encouraged。 Passage 3 根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。（每空一词） Music is an important part of my life. In my opinion, nothing brings me greater pleasure than enjoying music. I love listening to music in my spare time. Most people know that music can improve o 1 health. For example, it helps people relax after a long day of work. Music is always there when I need it. When I feel down, it helps me get through the s 2 . When I’m stressed, it washes away my w 3 . When I feel lonely, it makes me feel like I have a friend beside me. When I want to be quiet, I wear my earphones and listen to my favorite songs. It helps me to shut o 4 the noisy world around me. For me, music is not just sound—it’s a special language that connects my heart with the world. Music is very important to my life. I think without music, my life would be less colorful and i 5 . I enjoy different kinds of music, but I prefer songs with m 6 lyrics that reflect human feelings. These lyrics are w 7 used to encourage people and remind them to keep going. The songs have t 8 me many useful things so far. Day by day, they make me a better person. Of course, there’s no need to stick to a certain kind of music. All k 9 of music, from rock to classical, have a special power. They are k 10 for making people happy and lifting their mood. Besides lifting mood, it is also a powerful way to bring people together in celebration. 【答案】 1．our 2．sadness 3．worries 4．out 5．incomplete 6．meaningful 7．widely 8．taught 9．kinds 10．known 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者对音乐的喜爱，音乐在作者生活中起到的积极作用，以及音乐如何连接人心、传递力量。 【详解】1．句意：大多数人知道音乐可以改善我们的健康。结合主语Most people及空后的名词health，此处需填形容词性物主代词。首字母o提示为our。所以应填our。 2．句意：当我情绪低落时，它帮助我度过悲伤。根据前半句“When I feel down”可知，情绪低落对应悲伤。定冠词the后接名词，首字母s提示为sadness。所以应填sadness。 3．句意：当我压力大时，它洗去我的烦恼。根据前半句“When I’m stressed”可知，压力大需要洗去负面情绪。形容词性物主代词my后需填名词，且烦恼通常以复数形式出现，首字母w提示为worries。所以应填worries。 4．句意：它帮助我把嘈杂的世界关在外面。shut…out是固定搭配，意为"把……关在外面"。结合语境，隔离嘈杂世界，首字母o提示为out。所以应填out。 5．句意：我认为没有音乐，我的生活会不那么丰富多彩，也不完整。连词and连接两个并列的形容词作表语。空前有less colorful，说明空处也应是形容词，且表示负面或缺失状态。结合语境without music以及首字母i，说明没有音乐生活不仅少些色彩，也会是不完整的。所以应填incomplete。 6．句意：我喜欢不同种类的音乐，但我更喜欢歌词有意义、能反映人类情感的歌曲。修饰名词lyrics需用形容词。结合后半句“that reflect human feelings”可知，歌词是有意义的。首字母m提示为meaningful。所以应填meaningful。 7．句意：这些歌词被广泛用来鼓励人们，并提醒他们继续前进。修饰动词used需用副词。结合语境，歌词发挥作用的方式是广泛的。首字母w提示为widely。所以应填widely。 8．句意：到目前为止，这些歌曲教了我许多有用的东西。根据时间状语“so far”可知，句子应用现在完成时have+过去分词。结构teach sb. sth.提示此处填teach的过去分词，首字母t提示为taught。所以应填taught。 9．句意：所有类型的音乐，从摇滚到古典，都有一种特殊的力量。结合“from rock to classical”以及首字母提示可知，此处强调音乐的类型，All kinds of是固定搭配，意为“各种各样的”。首字母k提示为kinds。所以应填kinds。 10．句意：它们因为让人快乐、振奋情绪而闻名。be known for…是固定搭配，意为“因……而闻名”，首字母k提示为known。所以应填known。 Passage 4 根据短文内容及所给首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 Wuxi City in East China’s Jiangsu Province is known as the“Home of the Erhu”, because it is the b 1 of many erhu masters. Walking around Wuxi, you can often hear the wonderful s 2 of the erhu. The erhu was f 3 called huqin, a musical instrument in northern China, which dates more than a thousand years back to the Tang dynasty (618-907). In modern times, with the development of Chinese operas, the huqin was renamed the erhu and later it s 4 throughout China. The erhu plays a l 5 role in many Chinese folk orchestras (乐团), just as the violin does in Western orchestras. The erhu and the violin also have s 6 parts, both made up of a body, a bridge,strings and a separate bow. The player usually holds the erhu on the leg, holding the neck with his/her left hand and pressing the strings with his/her f 7 , while drawing the bow with his/her right hand. As the bow runs a 8 the strings and vibrates (使振动) them, beautiful music leaps out. Not limited by just two strings, a good player can give erhu amazing expression. It can present both soft, lovely tunes, and grave,sorrowful music. Today, as an oriental folk instrument, erhu can be seen playing on the same stage with various Western instruments, such as piano, violin and guitar, in many international c 9 . This not only adds new possibilities for music creation, but also brings r 10 enjoyment to the audience (观众). If you’ re interested, you might as well find a piece of erhu music and listen to it! 【答案】 1．birthplace 2．sound 3．first 4．spread 5．leading 6．similar 7．fingers 8．across 9．concerts 10．rich 【导语】本文主要介绍 “二胡之乡”无锡，梳理二胡由古时胡琴演变而来的发展历史，对比二胡与小提琴的结构、乐团地位，讲解二胡演奏方式与音色表现力，讲述如今二胡登上国际舞台与西洋乐器合奏，焕发全新艺术魅力。 【详解】1．句意：中国东部江苏省无锡市被誉为 “二胡之乡”，因为这里是众多二胡名家的诞生地。此处为the+名词+of的结构，需填名词，根据首字母提示和前文提到“ the ‘Home of the Erhu’”可知，birthplace“诞生地”符合语境。 2．句意：漫步无锡街头，你时常能听到悠扬动听的二胡乐声。空格前为形容词，此处需填名词，结合前文的“hear”和首字母提示，sound“声音”，符合语境。 3．句意：二胡早先名为胡琴，是中国北方的传统乐器。后半句补充说明二胡是中国北方的乐器，历史追溯到千年前的唐朝，后文又提到“在现代，随着戏曲发展，胡琴被重命名为二胡”，说明在被叫做二胡之前，它最开始的称呼是胡琴，结合首字母f，对应副词first。 4．句意：近代，随着中国戏曲的发展，胡琴正式更名为二胡，之后流传至全国各地。此处需填动词作谓语，“and”并列前后的句子时态保持一致，需用动词的过去式，结合句意可知，spread“传播”符合语境，其过去式仍为spread。 5．句意：二胡在中国诸多民族管弦乐团里占据核心地位，就如同小提琴在西方交响乐团中的作用。此处需填形容词修饰后面的名词“role”作定语，结合后文“just as the violin does in Western orchestras”和首字母提示可知，leading“领先的，主导的”符合语境。 6．句意：二胡和小提琴的构造部件也十分相近，二者都由琴身、琴码、琴弦以及独立琴弓组成。此处需填形容词，修饰后面的名词“parts”作定语，后文补充说明“两者都由琴身、琴码、琴弦和独立的琴弓组成”，这是在描述二胡和小提琴的共通之处，说明二者有相似的部件，结合首字母s，对应形容词similar。 7．句意：演奏者一般将二胡架在腿上，左手握住琴杆、用手指按压琴弦，右手拉动琴弓。空格前“her/his”在这里为形容词性物主代词，后面需填名词，结合演奏二胡的方式和首字母可知，finger“手指”符合语境，需用可数名词复数形式。 8．句意：琴弓在琴弦上来回摩擦，让琴弦震动，优美的旋律就此流淌而出。空格前为动词，此处需填介词，组成动词+介词短语作谓语，run across“擦过，掠过”，符合演奏二胡的方式。 9．句意：如今，二胡作为东方民族乐器，常在各类国际音乐会中，与钢琴、小提琴、吉他等西洋乐器同台演奏。空格前“international”为形容词，后面接名词，结合前文“erhu can be seen playing on the same stage”和首字母提示，concert“音乐会”符合语境，需用可数名词复数形式。 10．句意：这不仅为音乐创作带来了全新思路，也给观众带来丰富的听觉享受。空格后“enjoyment”为名词，需填形容词修饰名词，作定语。多种不同风格的乐器跨界融合，能给观众带来多元、丰富的艺术享受，根据首字母提示可知，rich“丰富的”符合语境。 Passage 5 根据短文内容及所给首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 The Grand Canal (大运河) is a man-made waterway that runs north and south in eastern China. Dating back 2,500 years and stretching 1,794 kilometres, it is among the world’s oldest and l 1 canals. Yangzhou China Grand Canal Museum is located on the bank of the ancient Grand Canal in Yangzhou, one of the eight c 2 in Jiangsu Province sitting along the Grand Canal. The museum o 3 its doors to the public on June 16th, 2021. It covers an area of 80,000 square metres. It has two structures: a four-story building in the s 4 of a giant ship waiting to set sail, and a 100-metre-tall Tang-dynasty-style tower. The museum has 11 themed exhibitions (展览). They are telling the h 5 of the Sui-Tang Grand Canal built during the Sui and Tang dynasties, the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal and the East Zhejiang Canal. These canals offer a wealth of historic and cultural attractions w 6 they continue to be used for transport, irrigation (灌溉) and flood control. The 25.7-metre-long, 8-metre-high ancient Bian River section is c 7 by many as the “treasure of the museum”. So far, the museum has over 10,000 exhibits, including 20 groups of large ones, making it the best collection to show the grandness of the canal and h 8 people changed nature. Passing t 9 the exhibition hall and into the antiquated (老式的) streets, visitors can see restaurants and shops along the street, as if walking in the water village on the canal during the Ming and Qing dynasties. Yangzhou China Grand Canal Museum is different from all the other m 10 which are themed on the Grand Canal in China. Why not come and visit it yourself? 【答案】 1．longest 2．cities 3．opened 4．shape 5．history 6．while 7．considered 8．how 9．through 10．museums 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了大运河的历史以及扬州中国大运河博物馆的地理位置、开放时间、建筑结构、主题展览、馆藏文物和游览体验。 【详解】1．句意：大运河距今2500年，全长1794公里，是世界上最古老、最长的运河之一。此处需要一个形容词，在句中作表语，与“oldest”并列。根据首字母提示及“stretching 1,794 kilometres”可知，应用longest，形容词最高级。 2．句意：扬州中国大运河博物馆位于扬州古运河畔，扬州是江苏省沿大运河的八大城市之一。此处需要一个名词复数，在句中作“one of”的宾语。根据首字母提示及“eight”和“in Jiangsu Province sitting along the Grand Canal”可知，应用cities，one of the + 可数名词复数，意为“……之一”。 3．句意：该博物馆于2021年6月16日向公众开放。此处需要一个动词，在句中作谓语。根据首字母提示及“on June 16th, 2021”可知，应用open，open its doors to the public“向公众开放”，时态为一般过去时，用过去式。 4．句意：它有两座建筑：一座四层楼呈巨轮即将启航之形的建筑，和一座100米高的唐风塔楼。此处需要一个名词，在句中作宾语。根据首字母提示及“in the … of a giant ship”可知，应用shape，in the shape of意为“呈……的形状”。 5．句意：它们讲述着隋唐大运河、京杭大运河和浙东运河的历史。此处需要一个名词，在句中作宾语。根据首字母提示及“telling the … of the Sui-Tang Grand Canal”可知，应用history。 6．句意：这些运河提供了丰富的历史文化景点，同时它们继续被用于运输、灌溉和防洪。此处需要一个连词，在句中引导时间状语从句。根据首字母提示及前后句的并列关系可知，应用while，表示“在……的同时”。 7．句意：长25.7米、高8米的古汴河段被许多人视为“镇馆之宝”。此处需要一个动词的过去分词，在句中与“is”构成被动语态。根据首字母提示及“by many as”可知，应用considered，be considered as意为“被认为是”。 8．句意：使其成为展示大运河的宏伟以及人类如何改变自然的最佳收藏。此处需要一个疑问副词，在句中引导宾语从句。根据首字母提示及“people changed nature”可知，应用how。 9．句意：穿过展览厅，走进古色古香的街道，游客可以看到沿街的餐馆和商店。此处需要一个介词，在句中表示“穿过”。根据首字母提示及“the exhibition hall”可知，应用through。 10．句意：扬州中国大运河博物馆与中国所有其他以大运河为主题的博物馆都不同。此处需要一个名词复数，在句中作宾语。根据首字母提示及“which are themed on the Grand Canal”可知，应用museums。 Passage 6 根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。 The First Time I Played for Others When I was 12 years old, my parents asked me if I wanted to take piano lessons. I said yes immediately because I had always admired children who could play an i 1 well. After six months of lessons, I could play several short pieces. I thought I was doing q 2 well, but that feeling changed one day. My piano teacher told me that a c 3 for young learners would be held at the local music centre. She encouraged me to take part in it. At first, I was not w 4 to join. I was afraid of forgetting the notes in front of a large audience. However, my teacher said, “This is a good c 5 to improve yourself. Even if you do not win, you will learn something from the experience.” I spent the next three weeks p 6 every evening for two hours. On the day of the competition, my hands were cold and my heart was beating fast. When I was finally called to the stage, I walked slowly to the piano, sat down, and took a deep b 7 . Then I began to play. To my surprise, my fingers moved smoothly over the k 8 , just as they had at home. The hall was quiet, and I could not see anything but the piano and the music. When I finished, there was a short s 9 , and then the audience clapped warmly. I did not get first prize that day, but I learned an important lesson: the joy of music is not in winning. It is in s 10 what you have learned with others. Since then, I have never been afraid to play for an audience again. 【答案】 1．instrument 2．quite 3．competition 4．willing 5．chance 6．practising/practicing 7．breath 8．keys 9．silence 10．sharing 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者第一次参加钢琴比赛的成长经历，揭示了音乐的快乐在于分享而非胜负的道理。 【详解】1．句意：我立刻答应了，因为我向来很钦佩那些乐器演奏水平出色的孩子。前文“piano lessons”与首字母i指向instrument“乐器”。 2．句意：我觉得我学得相当不错，但有一天这种感觉改变了。此处需用副词修饰well，首字母q指向quite，quite well“相当不错”。 3．句意：我的钢琴老师告诉我，一场面向青少年学习者的比赛将在当地音乐中心举办。后文出现“On the day of the competition”，结合首字母c，填competition“比赛”。 4．句意：起初，我不愿意参加。后文afraid可推知作者起初不愿意。结合首字母w，填willing，be willing to do sth意为“愿意做某事”。 5．句意：这是提升你自己的好机会。结合下文“Even if you do not win, you will learn something from the experience.”可知，是一次好机会，固定搭配a good chance to do sth.“做某事的好机会”，结合句意和首字母c，填chance“机会”。 6．句意：接下来三周，我每天晚上花两小时练习。固定搭配spend time (in) doing sth.“花费时间做某事”，此处指为比赛练习准备，结合句意和首字母p，填practising/practicing“练习”。 7．句意：终于轮到我登台时，我缓步走到钢琴前坐下，深吸一口气，随后开始演奏。take a deep breath固定短语：深吸一口气（用来缓解紧张情绪），breath为名词，含义是“呼吸”。 8．句意：令我意外的是，我的手指在琴键上流畅地舞动，弹奏状态和在家练习时一模一样。此处描写弹奏钢琴的场景，首字母k，指向keys意为“钢琴键”，用复数。 9．句意：当我演奏完毕，短暂的寂静过后，观众热烈鼓掌。前文“quiet”描写除了琴声，一片安静，可推知演奏结束，掌声响起前是没有声音的。首字母s指向silence“寂静”。 10．句意：音乐的快乐不在于获胜，而在于和别人分享你所学的东西。此处描写作者对音乐的理解是，share“分享”符合语境，介词in后接动名词sharing。 Passage 7 Music has been around for thousands of years—perhaps as long as 30,000 years. Archaeologists—scientists who s 1 objects from long ago—have found musical instruments that date back this far. In fact, it is possible that making music may even have developed before people learned to talk. Now people b 2 that early music was used for religious purposes, as well as for entertainment, dance, and telling stories. Most cultures have developed musical instruments and their own musical traditions and s 3 . In Europe, the first songs were really simple chants. Small round marks were written down, above or below a line, to remind the singer w 4 the next note was higher or lower. It was not u 5 the 1700s that the tradition of writing music notes on lined paper was developed. In China, writings that mention musical performances have been found dating back over 2,500 years. In fact, much of the music in some cultures is the same as it was c 6 ago. The Japanese gagaku of the 8th century is a style that is still alive today. The Chinese guzheng of the 16th century is another style that can still be h 7 today in its early form. In fact, much of the music that we listen to today has several parts picked up from classical pieces of centuries ago. The many cultures of Africa also have a r 8 musical history. Traditionally, African music has been connected with drums, but it has also included different kinds of instruments, such as b 9 , rattles, gongs, and even xylophones. A guitar-like instrument, called the lamellaphone, or “thumb piano”, is made up of m 10 or bamboo strips. The strips are plucked (弹拨) with the fingers. These instruments give African music a sound of its own. 【答案】 1．study 2．believe 3．styles 4．whether 5．until 6．centuries 7．heard 8．rich 9．bells 10．metal 【导语】本文主要讲了音乐有着数万年的悠久历史，不同文化（欧洲、中国、非洲等）各自发展出了独特的音乐传统、记谱方式和乐器，并延续至今。 【详解】1．句意：考古学家——也就是研究远古物件的科学家——已经发现了可追溯至数万年前的乐器。此处是定语从句中先行词scientists发出的动作，结合首字母s和语境可知此处表示“研究”，即study；句子描述的是这类科学家的常规属性，用一般现在时，主语scientists是复数，动词用原形。 2．句意：现在人们认为早期音乐除了用于娱乐、舞蹈和讲故事之外，还被用于宗教目的。结合首字母b和语境可知此处表示“认为、相信”，即believe；句中时间标志now表示当下的普遍观点，用一般现在时，主语people是复数，动词用原形。 3．句意：大多数文化都发展出了乐器以及属于自己的音乐传统和风格。结合句意及首字母s，此处指代不同文化的多种音乐风格，和traditions并列，style“风格”，用复数形式styles。 4．句意：人们在一条线的上下标注小的圆形记号，用来提醒演唱者下一个音是更高还是更低。结合首字母w和后文的or选择结构，可知此处表示“是否”，即whether，引导宾语从句。 5．句意：直到18世纪，在带线的纸张上书写音符的传统才发展起来。此处是固定强调句型it was not until...that...，表示“直到……才……”，填until。 6．句意：事实上，一些文化中的很多音乐和数百年前的样子别无二致。结合首字母c和后文提到的centuries ago的对应语境，可知此处表示“世纪”，即century；此处表示数百年的泛指概念，用复数形式centuries。 7．句意：16世纪的中国古筝是另一种至今仍能以其早期形式被人们听到的风格。结合首字母h和语境可知此处表示“听到”，即hear；句子主语style和动词hear是被动关系，前面有情态动词can，被动语态结构为can be done，hear的过去分词是heard。 8．句意：非洲的诸多文化也有着悠久丰富的音乐历史。结合首字母r和语境修饰musical history，可知此处表示“丰富的、深厚的”，即rich，作定语修饰名词history。 9．句意：传统上非洲音乐和鼓紧密相关，但也包含各类乐器，比如铃铛、沙锤、锣甚至木琴。结合首字母b和后文罗列的各类乐器，可知此处表示“铃铛”，即bell；此处是多类乐器的泛指，和rattles、gongs等并列，用复数形式bells。 10．句意：一种类似吉他的乐器，叫做lamellaphone或者“拇指钢琴”，是由金属或者竹条制成的。结合首字母m和乐器制作材料的语境，和后文的bamboo strips并列，可知此处表示“金属”，即metal，此处表示材质为不可数名词。 Passage 8 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，并将答案填写在答卷纸的相应位置上。 Over the years, our school has made great efforts to protect the environment. Students are encouraged to take action in daily life. For example, we are asked to s 1 water and electricity. Lights must be turned off when classrooms are empty. We also have a recycling program. Students sort waste into different bins, such as bottles, paper, and food waste. This helps r 2 pollution. Another activity is the “Green Club”. Members plant trees and flowers around the school to make it more beautiful. They also organize lectures about how to protect wildlife. Last month, we even visited a solar power station. We learned that renewable energy can greatly cut down on carbon emissions. It was very e 3 . Our headmaster says small actions can make a big difference. “If everyone does their part, we can build a greener future.” To remind us, posters are put up everywhere. They show the importance of c 4 protection. For example, one poster says, “Every drop counts. Please save water!” However, some students still forget. They leave taps running or throw rubbish on the ground. This makes our teachers u 5 . They often remind us that protecting the environment is our responsibility. Recently, our school won an award for its environmental projects. We feel proud of our achievements. But we know there is still more to do. We plan to start a “No-Waste Lunch” campaign next term. Students will be encouraged to bring reusable container i 6 of disposable ones. In class, we discuss how to improve our environment. Our geography teacher says cities like Singapore use vertical gardens to save space. Maybe we can try something similar on our school walls! We are also learning about c 7 farming, which uses fewer chemicals. These activities not only teach us knowledge but also help us develop good habits. By working together, we believe we can create a cleaner and healthier world. Let’s keep t 8 ! We must p 9 natural resources for future generations. Every small step matters in saving E 10 . 【答案】 1．save 2．reduce 3．educational 4．carbon 5．unhappy 6．instead 7．conservation 8．trying 9．protect 10．Earth 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，以第一人称叙述学校近年来开展的环保实践活动。主旨是通过具体事例（如节水节电、垃圾分类、可再生能源学习等），强调学生日常行动对环境保护的重要性，并呼吁持续努力以保护地球资源。全文逻辑清晰，紧扣“小行动推动大改变”的核心思想。 【详解】1．句意：例如，我们被要求节约水电。根据后文“Lights must be turned off when classrooms are empty.”以及首字母提示可知，此处表示节约水和电，save“节约”，be asked to do sth.“被要求做某事”，to后接动词原形。故填save。 2．句意：这有助于减少污染。根据上文学生对垃圾进行分类，结合首字母提示可知，垃圾分类有助于减少污染，reduce“减少”，help (to) do sth.“有助于做某事”，to可省略，用动词原形。故填reduce。 3．句意：这次经历非常有教育意义。根据上文“Last month, we even visited a solar power station. We learned that renewable energy can greatly cut down on carbon emissions.”参观太阳能电站学到很多知识，结合首字母提示可知，这次参观很有教育意义，educational“有教育意义的”，形容词作表语。故填educational。 4．句意：它们展示了减少碳排放、保护环境的重要性。空格后是名词 protection，需填名词作定语说明保护的对象；上文提到 renewable energy 能 greatly cut down on carbon emissions（大幅减少碳排放），本空与 carbon emissions 直接呼应，故填 carbon“碳”，作名词定语。后文 For example, one poster says, “Every drop counts. Please save water!” 只是海报内容举例之一（节水宣传），并不限定本空的答案。故填 carbon。 5．句意：这让我们的老师不高兴。根据上文“They leave taps running or throw rubbish on the ground.”一些学生忘记环保，浪费水、乱扔垃圾，结合首字母提示可知，这种行为让老师不高兴，unhappy“不高兴的”，形容词作宾语补足语。故填unhappy。 6．句意：鼓励学生带可重复使用的容器而不是一次性容器。根据可重复使用容器和一次性容器的对比，结合首字母提示可知，固定短语instead of“代替，而不是”。故填instead。 7．句意：我们也在学习保护性农业，这种农业使用更少的化学制品。根据“which uses fewer chemicals”以及环保主题，结合首字母提示可知，conservation farming保护性农业，conservation“保护”。故填conservation。 8．句意：让我们继续努力！根据前文大家一起努力创造更干净健康的世界，结合首字母提示可知，固定搭配keep trying“继续努力”，keep doing sth.“持续做某事”。故填trying。 9．句意：我们必须为后代保护自然资源。根据“natural resources for future generations”以及环保主题，结合首字母提示可知，protect“保护”，情态动词must后接动词原形。故填protect。 10．句意：拯救地球的每一小步都很重要。根据全文保护环境的主题，结合首字母提示可知，Earth“地球”，专有名词。故填Earth。 18 / 18乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $考前特训 专题04 首字母填空 第五单元测试题型特训（南京专用） 姓名：___________班级：___________座号：___________ 内容提要 题型分析 解题指导 集中突破 一、题型定位 首字母填空是南京卷的固定题型：考场上为 1 篇短文、10 个空，满分 10 分（每空 1 分）。它给出每空的首字母，要求补全单词，既考词汇的拼写与词形变化，也考句法位置的判断——同一个首字母下可能有多个候选词，只有结合空格前后的搭配、时态和语意才能锁定唯一答案。短文以记叙文和说明文为主，主题集中在中外音乐与艺术、环保行动等。本专辑按同一题型放大训练，共选 8 篇短文、80 空。 二、命题形式与题量 设空以「首字母 + 空号 + 空格」的形式嵌在句中，例如 “we are asked to s　1　water and electricity”，作答时只写完整单词，不写首字母。 南京卷固定为 1 篇短文、10 空，满分 10 分，每空 1 分；本专辑按同一格式编入 8 篇短文、共 80 空用于集中训练，篇目按短文由短到长排列，同一篇内部 10 空难度大体递增。词性分布上，名词与形容词占比最高，动词次之，另有少量介词、副词与连词。 三、核心考点分布 本专辑 80 空中约三成考查词形变化（动词过去式与分词、形容词与副词、名词复数），约四成考查词义辨析与固定搭配（earn one's status、shut…out、attend a show、spend time doing sth. 等），其余考查时态语态、主谓一致和介词选择。命题素材多取自音乐艺术与环保主题，常见词为 performance、instrument、imagination、conservation、impression 等，重复考查率高，适合按「搭配 + 词形」两条线集中突破。 四、难度与趋势 整体难度中等偏上，区分度主要体现在「同首字母多候选」的辨析上。近年南京卷趋势是：纯词义记忆的空减少，依赖上下文逻辑与句法位置的空增多，尤其是动词形式与被动语态的组合考查。 命题仍保持短篇易、长篇难的不均分布：本专辑 8 篇按由短到长编排，训练时前 4 篇应稳拿，后 4 篇可先跳读标记、回头攻坚。真实考场上只有 1 篇 10 空，建议限时 8—10 分钟完成，并留 2 分钟回读校核。 一、四步解题法 第一步　读首字母，先给词性定位。看到首字母先判断空格在句中充当什么成分：位于名词前多半是形容词，位于动词后多半是副词或介词，位于及物动词与宾语之间多半是介词。这一步先排除掉一半候选词。 第二步　抓搭配，把首字母缩到一两个词。把空前空后的内容连起来读，锁定固定搭配或常用结构，如 spend time (in) doing sth.、earn one's status、attend a show、shut…out。搭配一旦确定，答案基本唯一。 第三步　查形式，按时态与主谓一致变形。确定词义后立即检查动词形态：叙事用一般过去时就用过去式，出现 have / has 就用过去分词，主语为第三人称单数要加 -s。名词注意可数与不可数。 第四步　回读校核，通篇一致。填完后连读全篇，确认时态统一、人称一致、语义通顺；同一篇的 10 空之间常有词汇复现，回头对照往往能发现自己填错的词。 二、结合本次特训题目的实战点拨 【点拨1】固定搭配锁定介词——以 Passage 2 题 7 为例：原文设空句：“It has e　7　its high status (地位) as a valuable part of Ch...” （首字母 e）空格前有助动词 has，说明谓语要用过去分词；后文的 its high status 提示常见搭配 earn one's status，意为“赢得地位”。首字母 e 与 earn 吻合，故填 earned。提示：出现 have / has / have been 时，先想动词的过去分词，再核对搭配。 【点拨2】非谓语动词与动词原形辨析——以 Passage 8 题 1 为例：原文设空句：“we are asked to s　1　water and electricity.” （首字母 s）句中 be asked to do sth. 后接动词原形，空格处表示“节约”，save 意为“节约”，词性为动词原形。reduce 虽也含 r 首字母但不合首字母提示，saving 则是非谓语或名词形式，均不合位置。故填 save。提示：首字母不只查实词，还要先判该空在句中作什么成分。 【点拨3】形容词作定语——以 Passage 4 题 5 为例：原文设空句：“The erhu plays a l　5　role in many Chinese folk orchestras (乐团)...” （首字母 l）空格后紧跟名词 role，此处需填形容词作定语；后文 just as the violin does in Western orchestras 提示二胡在中国民族管弦乐团中居于主导地位，leading 意为“领先的、主导的”。lonely、lively 等词虽同为 l 开头却不合语境。故填 leading。提示：形容词修饰名词时，看它说明的是事物的哪一类性质。 【点拨4】时态与过去式——以 Passage 5 题 3 为例：原文设空句：“The museum o　3　its doors to the public on June 16th, 2021.” （首字母 o）句中时间状语 on June 16th, 2021 是明确的时间点，谓语应用一般过去时；open its doors to the public 意为“向公众开放”。注意 open 在此是及物动词，不加 -ed 也能表“开放”，但与具体过去时间连用必须用 opened。故填 opened。提示：看到具体过去时间，先判时态再填词。 【点拨5】主谓一致性原则——以 Passage 7 题 2 为例：原文设空句：“Now people b　2　that early music was used for religious purpo...” （首字母 b）空格在宾语从句的谓语位置，从句主语 people 是复数、时间标志 now 表当下，用一般现在时；结合“人们认为”这一含义，动词用 believe（“认为、相信”），不用 believed。故填 believe。提示：宾语从句谓语仍要遵守主谓一致与时态。 【点拨6】固定短语 shut…out——以 Passage 3 题 4 为例：原文设空句：“It helps me to shut o　4　the noisy world around me.” （首字母 o）shut…out 是固定搭配，意为“把……关在外面”；句意是“戴着耳机把嘈杂的世界隔绝在外”，首字母 o 与 out 吻合。out 与 off、outside 等同首字母词相比，只有 shut out 能与 shut 构成固定搭配。故填 out。提示：看到动词先想它能带哪些固定搭配，这往往比逐词翻译更快。 【点拨7】名词作定语与主题呼应——以 Passage 8 题 4 为例：原文设空句：“They show the importance of c　4　protection.” （首字母 c）空格后是名词 protection，此处需填名词作定语，用来说明“保护”的对象。上文提到 renewable energy 可以 greatly cut down on carbon emissions（大幅减少碳排放），本空与 carbon emissions 直接呼应，故 carbon“碳”在此作定语，表示减少碳排放、保护环境之意。紧接其后的 For example, one poster says, “Every drop counts. Please save water!” 只是列举海报内容之一（节水宣传），并非对本空的限定，不能据此改判答案；clean、common 等同首字母词也无法与 protection 搭配表达“减少碳排放”这一含义。故填 carbon。提示：读题时先圈出主题词，同主题的名词往往就是答案。 【点拨8】并列结构锁定形容词——以 Passage 1 题 2 为例：原文设空句：“She was a t　1　musician who had studied both E　2　and Western techniques.” （首字母 E）空格与 and 后的 Western 并列，共同修饰中心词 techniques，因此该空只能填形容词，句中并不存在介词。由 both…and… 的并列对应可知，与 Western（西方的）相对的方位形容词是 Eastern（东方的），首字母 E 吻合，且须大写。故填 Eastern。提示：遇到 and / both…and… 连接的并列成分，先看并列项的词性与形式是否一致，再定词义。 三、易错提醒 只写首字母不写单词：本题要填完整单词，写一个字母不得分；注意大小写与单复数。 忽略词形变化：把动词原形直接填进过去时或完成时的句子，是最常见的失分点。 误判词性：形容词与副词互换、介词与连词互换，句子读起来未必别扭，但语法上已错。 答案与首字母不符：写完逐空扫一遍首字母提示，防止因惯性思维填错。 书写不规范：答案不加引号、不写标点；单词拼写错误按错处理，注意双写辅音与不发音字母。 Passage 1 根据短文内容及首字母提示，写出所缺单词。 The Sound of Silk In a small theatre, a young pipa player named Su Min was ready to present her new piece. She was a t 1 musician who had studied both E 2 and Western techniques. Her music was a special m 3 of old Chinese tunes and modern beats, creating a feeling that seemed to move like a w 4 . As she started to play, the clear sound of a b 5 rang through the room, and the listeners at once felt something f 6 yet new. The melody crossed every cultural line, t 7 people from different places. After the p 8 , an old man said to her, “I don’t know your language, but your music told me a story.” Su Min smiled, understanding that real art has no borders. She had won national fame for her works, and her music was now known w 9 . The press often spoke highly of her creativity, but she simply said, “Music doesn’t need words; it s 10 to the heart.” Passage 2 The folk art form, kuaiban, which has a long history, can be performed by a group or a single person. People can a 1 kuaiban shows in tea houses, theatres, or village squares. Most Chinese people are f 2 with this down-to-earth art form, which is deeply rooted in the daily life of ordinary working people. Holding one or two pairs of bamboo clappers, a type of traditional Chinese i 3 , performers tell stories in local dialects. As a classic treasure of Chinese folk culture, kuaiban has gathered numerous fans w 4 are fascinated by its touching narration. This art form is a special m 5 of distinct regional cultural characteristics and rich local customs across different parts of China. By appreciating kuaiban shows, audiences can widen their knowledge, as the folk artists turn daily stories and folk tales into vivid (生动的) and impressive scenes with i 6 and creativity. It has e 7 its high status (地位) as a valuable part of China’s intangible cultural heritage, carrying the wisdom and emotions of ordinary working people. It has stood the test of time and retains (保留) its u 8 charm in modern society. Many young artists are adding modern elements t 9 kuaiban to attract younger audiences. We are e 10 to take our hats off to those folk artists for their unremitting efforts to keep this ancient art alive and enable it to continue blooming in the garden of Chinese culture. Passage 3 根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。（每空一词） Music is an important part of my life. In my opinion, nothing brings me greater pleasure than enjoying music. I love listening to music in my spare time. Most people know that music can improve o 1 health. For example, it helps people relax after a long day of work. Music is always there when I need it. When I feel down, it helps me get through the s 2 . When I’m stressed, it washes away my w 3 . When I feel lonely, it makes me feel like I have a friend beside me. When I want to be quiet, I wear my earphones and listen to my favorite songs. It helps me to shut o 4 the noisy world around me. For me, music is not just sound—it’s a special language that connects my heart with the world. Music is very important to my life. I think without music, my life would be less colorful and i 5 . I enjoy different kinds of music, but I prefer songs with m 6 lyrics that reflect human feelings. These lyrics are w 7 used to encourage people and remind them to keep going. The songs have t 8 me many useful things so far. Day by day, they make me a better person. Of course, there’s no need to stick to a certain kind of music. All k 9 of music, from rock to classical, have a special power. They are k 10 for making people happy and lifting their mood. Besides lifting mood, it is also a powerful way to bring people together in celebration. Passage 4 根据短文内容及所给首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 Wuxi City in East China’s Jiangsu Province is known as the“Home of the Erhu”, because it is the b 1 of many erhu masters. Walking around Wuxi, you can often hear the wonderful s 2 of the erhu. The erhu was f 3 called huqin, a musical instrument in northern China, which dates more than a thousand years back to the Tang dynasty (618-907). In modern times, with the development of Chinese operas, the huqin was renamed the erhu and later it s 4 throughout China. The erhu plays a l 5 role in many Chinese folk orchestras (乐团), just as the violin does in Western orchestras. The erhu and the violin also have s 6 parts, both made up of a body, a bridge,strings and a separate bow. The player usually holds the erhu on the leg, holding the neck with his/her left hand and pressing the strings with his/her f 7 , while drawing the bow with his/her right hand. As the bow runs a 8 the strings and vibrates (使振动) them, beautiful music leaps out. Not limited by just two strings, a good player can give erhu amazing expression. It can present both soft, lovely tunes, and grave,sorrowful music. Today, as an oriental folk instrument, erhu can be seen playing on the same stage with various Western instruments, such as piano, violin and guitar, in many international c 9 . This not only adds new possibilities for music creation, but also brings r 10 enjoyment to the audience (观众). If you’ re interested, you might as well find a piece of erhu music and listen to it! Passage 5 根据短文内容及所给首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 The Grand Canal (大运河) is a man-made waterway that runs north and south in eastern China. Dating back 2,500 years and stretching 1,794 kilometres, it is among the world’s oldest and l 1 canals. Yangzhou China Grand Canal Museum is located on the bank of the ancient Grand Canal in Yangzhou, one of the eight c 2 in Jiangsu Province sitting along the Grand Canal. The museum o 3 its doors to the public on June 16th, 2021. It covers an area of 80,000 square metres. It has two structures: a four-story building in the s 4 of a giant ship waiting to set sail, and a 100-metre-tall Tang-dynasty-style tower. The museum has 11 themed exhibitions (展览). They are telling the h 5 of the Sui-Tang Grand Canal built during the Sui and Tang dynasties, the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal and the East Zhejiang Canal. These canals offer a wealth of historic and cultural attractions w 6 they continue to be used for transport, irrigation (灌溉) and flood control. The 25.7-metre-long, 8-metre-high ancient Bian River section is c 7 by many as the “treasure of the museum”. So far, the museum has over 10,000 exhibits, including 20 groups of large ones, making it the best collection to show the grandness of the canal and h 8 people changed nature. Passing t 9 the exhibition hall and into the antiquated (老式的) streets, visitors can see restaurants and shops along the street, as if walking in the water village on the canal during the Ming and Qing dynasties. Yangzhou China Grand Canal Museum is different from all the other m 10 which are themed on the Grand Canal in China. Why not come and visit it yourself? Passage 6 根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。 The First Time I Played for Others When I was 12 years old, my parents asked me if I wanted to take piano lessons. I said yes immediately because I had always admired children who could play an i 1 well. After six months of lessons, I could play several short pieces. I thought I was doing q 2 well, but that feeling changed one day. My piano teacher told me that a c 3 for young learners would be held at the local music centre. She encouraged me to take part in it. At first, I was not w 4 to join. I was afraid of forgetting the notes in front of a large audience. However, my teacher said, “This is a good c 5 to improve yourself. Even if you do not win, you will learn something from the experience.” I spent the next three weeks p 6 every evening for two hours. On the day of the competition, my hands were cold and my heart was beating fast. When I was finally called to the stage, I walked slowly to the piano, sat down, and took a deep b 7 . Then I began to play. To my surprise, my fingers moved smoothly over the k 8 , just as they had at home. The hall was quiet, and I could not see anything but the piano and the music. When I finished, there was a short s 9 , and then the audience clapped warmly. I did not get first prize that day, but I learned an important lesson: the joy of music is not in winning. It is in s 10 what you have learned with others. Since then, I have never been afraid to play for an audience again. Passage 7 Music has been around for thousands of years—perhaps as long as 30,000 years. Archaeologists—scientists who s 1 objects from long ago—have found musical instruments that date back this far. In fact, it is possible that making music may even have developed before people learned to talk. Now people b 2 that early music was used for religious purposes, as well as for entertainment, dance, and telling stories. Most cultures have developed musical instruments and their own musical traditions and s 3 . In Europe, the first songs were really simple chants. Small round marks were written down, above or below a line, to remind the singer w 4 the next note was higher or lower. It was not u 5 the 1700s that the tradition of writing music notes on lined paper was developed. In China, writings that mention musical performances have been found dating back over 2,500 years. In fact, much of the music in some cultures is the same as it was c 6 ago. The Japanese gagaku of the 8th century is a style that is still alive today. The Chinese guzheng of the 16th century is another style that can still be h 7 today in its early form. In fact, much of the music that we listen to today has several parts picked up from classical pieces of centuries ago. The many cultures of Africa also have a r 8 musical history. Traditionally, African music has been connected with drums, but it has also included different kinds of instruments, such as b 9 , rattles, gongs, and even xylophones. A guitar-like instrument, called the lamellaphone, or “thumb piano”, is made up of m 10 or bamboo strips. The strips are plucked (弹拨) with the fingers. These instruments give African music a sound of its own. Passage 8 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，并将答案填写在答卷纸的相应位置上。 Over the years, our school has made great efforts to protect the environment. Students are encouraged to take action in daily life. For example, we are asked to s 1 water and electricity. Lights must be turned off when classrooms are empty. We also have a recycling program. Students sort waste into different bins, such as bottles, paper, and food waste. This helps r 2 pollution. Another activity is the “Green Club”. Members plant trees and flowers around the school to make it more beautiful. They also organize lectures about how to protect wildlife. Last month, we even visited a solar power station. We learned that renewable energy can greatly cut down on carbon emissions. It was very e 3 . Our headmaster says small actions can make a big difference. “If everyone does their part, we can build a greener future.” To remind us, posters are put up everywhere. They show the importance of c 4 protection. For example, one poster says, “Every drop counts. Please save water!” However, some students still forget. They leave taps running or throw rubbish on the ground. This makes our teachers u 5 . They often remind us that protecting the environment is our responsibility. Recently, our school won an award for its environmental projects. We feel proud of our achievements. But we know there is still more to do. We plan to start a “No-Waste Lunch” campaign next term. Students will be encouraged to bring reusable container i 6 of disposable ones. In class, we discuss how to improve our environment. Our geography teacher says cities like Singapore use vertical gardens to save space. Maybe we can try something similar on our school walls! We are also learning about c 7 farming, which uses fewer chemicals. These activities not only teach us knowledge but also help us develop good habits. By working together, we believe we can create a cleaner and healthier world. Let’s keep t 8 ! We must p 9 natural resources for future generations. Every small step matters in saving E 10 . 18 / 18乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $