专题05 语法填空-【题型易-必考题型精练】期中考前梯度特训（深圳专用） 2026-2027学年沪教版英语八年级上册
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内容正文：
考前特训
专题05 语法填空 期中考满分冲刺（深圳专用）
姓名：___________班级：___________座号：___________
内容提要
题型分析
解题指导
集中突破
一、题型定位
语法填空是深圳中考英语考查学生语法知识在语篇中综合运用能力的题型。短文留出若干空白，部分括号给出提示词须变形，其余须根据语境填入恰当的词，使文章语法正确、语意完整。
本次特训共收录 8 篇短文、80 个设空，篇幅在 165—283 词之间，话题覆盖成长励志（Growing Hope）、古代科学家祖冲之、数学侦探、互联网、人工智能 DeepSeek、少年发明家丁成、飞行汽车与中华算盘等。每篇约 7 道提示词题与 3 道盲填空题，重在“词形变化 + 虚词搭配”双线并进。
二、命题特点
（1）一句一空、语境限定：每空间距很小，答案须符合句子结构与上下文逻辑，不能脱离语境凭语感乱填。
（2）提示词题考“词形变化”：括号给出原形，要求写出正确形式，如 develop→developing、hear→to hear、come→came，涉及时态、语态、非谓语、词性转换、代词形式。
（3）盲填题考“虚词与搭配”：无提示处常填冠词、介词、连词、代词或固定结构，如 a / an、The、at、For、his。
（4）语法点覆盖面广：时态、语态、非谓语、比较级、从句引导词、词性转换轮流出现，重在基础语法的准确运用。
（5）拼写与形式并重：答案既要求词形正确，也要求拼写、单复数、大小写无误，是语言准确性的直接考查。
三、核心考点分布（基于本次特训 80 题梳理）
（1）动词形式（约 28 空）：时态、语态、非谓语，如 develop→developing、hear→to hear、come→came、achieve→has achieved。
（2）词性转换（约 16 空）：名→形、动→名/副、形→副，如 interest→interesting、invent→inventing、difficult→more difficult。
（3）代词（约 10 空）：人称、物主、关系代词，如 his、him、us、that。
（4）介词与连词（约 16 空）：固定搭配与句间逻辑，如 at、For、To make、However。
（5）名词与冠词（约 10 空）：单复数、冠词 a / an / the，如 a、an、The、fifth、oldest。
一、四步解题法
第一步：通读全文，把握大意、时态基调与体裁，初步判断文章的人称、时态与整体语境，不急于填空。
第二步：提示词题，判断需转化的词性（名/动/形/副）与形态（时态、语态、单复数、比较级、反身代词等），写出正确形式。
第三步：盲填题，分析句子成分缺什么词（冠词、介词、连词、代词或固定结构），结合搭配与逻辑填入。
第四步：复查拼写、单复数、时态、大小写与搭配，把答案代入原文通读一遍，确保语法正确、语意通顺。
二、结合本次特训题目的实战点拨
【点拨1】词形转换——以 Passage 1 题 1 为例：原文写道“of almost every meal. But for Yuan Longping, known for 1 (develop) the hybrid rice (杂交水稻), rice was more than that.”。该空考查词形转换，需结合上下文语境与句子结构判断词形或词性，故填 developing。
【点拨2】词形转换——以 Passage 2 题 1 为例：原文写道“nic called Zu Chongzhi. Now, he is mainly famous as the 1 (one) person to find out that pi (π) falls between 3.”。该空考查词形转换，需结合上下文语境与句子结构判断词形或词性，故填 first。
【点拨3】介词搭配——以 Passage 3 题 1 为例：原文写道“detective (侦探) named Detective Maths. He was very good 1 solving maths problems and loved to help people with their calculations.”。该空考查介词搭配，需结合上下文语境与句子结构判断词形或词性，故填 at。
【点拨4】代词指代——以 Passage 4 题 1 为例：原文写道“sy talking about and using the Internet but how many of 1 (we) know the history of the Internet?”。该空考查代词指代，需结合上下文语境与句子结构判断词形或词性，故填 us。
【点拨5】词形转换——以 Passage 5 题 1 为例：原文写道“s everyone. DeepSeek is really smart. It can answer all 1 (kind) of difficult questions. You can ask about geography.”。该空考查词形转换，需结合上下文语境与句子结构判断词形或词性，故填 kinds。
【点拨6】代词指代——以 Passage 6 题 1 为例：原文写道“, but he is famous in his hometown. Lots of people know 1 (he) because of his great invention.”。该空考查代词指代，需结合上下文语境与句子结构判断词形或词性，故填 him。
【点拨7】冠词用法——以 Passage 7 题 2 为例：原文写道“ft technology (低空飞行器技术) to the world, according to Xinhua. 2 flying car, called Land Aircraft Carrier, is the world’s 3 (one) modular (模块化的) flying car.”。该空考查冠词用法，需结合上下文语境与句子结构判断词形或词性，故填 The。
【点拨8】冠词用法——以 Passage 8 题 1 为例：原文写道“The Chinese abacus is known as suanpan. It is 1 important part of traditional Chinese culture and it is known as China’s 2 (five) great invention.”。该空考查冠词用法，需结合上下文语境与句子结构判断词形或词性，故填 an。
三、易错提醒
• 忌“无视提示词词性”：先定词性再变形。
• 忌“时态不统一”：忽视全文时态主线。
• 忌“冠介连代混淆”：盲填先想句子成分。
• 忌“拼写马虎”：词形变化后拼写须准确。
Passage 1
Growing Hope
For most Chinese people, rice is an important part of almost every meal. But for Yuan Longping, known for 1 (develop) the hybrid rice (杂交水稻), rice was more than that. It was his life-long career.
Yuan, created hybrid rice that helps feed the world. On May 22, Yuan died at the age of 91. People around the world were sad 2 (hear) of his passing.
How did he begin?
In the 1960s, people in China didn’t have enough food to eat. Many people even lost their lives because of this. Yuan 3 (come) up with the idea for hybridizing rice. At that time, other people didn’t think hybrid rice had much value (价值). 4 , Yuan worked on it every day. He and his team took very 5 (well) care of their rice seeds (种子).
At last, in 1973, he grew 6 new kind of hybrid rice. This rice is different from other kinds of rice. With the new type, about 70,000,000 people could have food every year!
Home on the farm
Yuan was one of China’s most famous 7 (science). But he called 8 (he) a farmer.
He spent most of his time 9 (work) in the field. Yuan also said, “If I am not at home, I must be on the farmland; if I am not on the farmland, I must be on my way to the farmland.” He often rode a motorcycle to work, as this was more convenient for him.
Praise (赞扬) for Yuan
In 1991, the United Nations invited Yuan Longping to work as its chief consultant (首席顾问). He traveled to many foreign countries to share his knowledge of hybrid rice. “Professor Yuan’s contribution (贡献) is so powerful 10 he will long be remembered,” Barbara Stinson, president of the World Food Prize Foundation said.
【答案】
1．developing 2．to hear 3．came 4．However 5．good 6．a 7．scientists 8．himself 9．working 10．that
【导语】本文讲述了袁隆平研发杂交水稻的生平事迹，赞美了他甘于奉献、潜心科研的可贵品质。
【详解】1．句意：但是对于以研发杂交水稻而出名的袁隆平来说，大米的意义不止于此。固定搭配be known for后接动名词作宾语，介词for后面动词要变为‑ing形式。
2．句意：世界各地的人们听到他逝世的消息都很悲伤。固定结构“be+形容词+to do sth.”，使用动词不定式来表示产生该情绪的原因。
3．句意：袁隆平想出了培育杂交水稻的主意。故事发生在二十世纪60年代，属于过去的时间，因此动词come要使用一般过去式came。
4．句意：那时候其他人认为杂交水稻没有多大价值，然而，袁隆平每天坚持研究它。前后两句存在转折关系，后面有逗号隔开，此处填副词However表示“然而”。
5．句意：他和他的团队十分悉心照料他们的水稻种子。固定短语take good care of意为“好好照料”，此处需要把副词well变为形容词good修饰名词care。
6．句意：最后，在1973年，他培育出了一种新型杂交水稻。固定搭配a new kind of表示“一种新种类的……”，用不定冠词a。
7．句意：袁隆平是中国最著名的科学家之一。“one of+可数名词复数”表示“……之一”，science要先变为指人的名词scientist，再变为复数scientists。
8．句意：但是他称呼自己为农民。句子主语是he，宾语指代袁隆平本人，需要使用反身代词himself，表示“他自己”。
9．句意：他大部分时间都在田地里劳作。固定搭配spend time (in) doing sth.，spend后面接动名词，因此work变为working。
10．句意：“袁教授的贡献如此巨大，以至于人们将会长久地记住他。”世界粮食奖基金会主席芭芭拉・斯汀森说道。固定句型so…that…意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句，填that。
Passage 2
There was a Chinese mathematician, astronomer, and mechanic called Zu Chongzhi. Now, he is mainly famous as the 1 (one) person to find out that pi (π) falls between 3.1415926 and 3.1415927. And his result remained the most accurate and 2 (early) value in the world for more than 900 years. He also worked out the close value of pi to be 355/113, which he called “the close ratio (比率)”. This ratio was so hard to get 3 a Japanese mathematician named it “Zu’s ratio”.
He was born into a well-educated family. As 4 excellent engineer, his grandfather taught him science. From an early age, he showed great 5 (intelligent) and curiosity. Zu also showed special interests 6 mathematics and astronomy. It is not clear how Zu Chongzhi became interested in 7 (find) the value of pi, yet people have told stories about him. For a long time in the past, people 8 (believe) that the circumference (周长) of a circle was three times its diameter. Zu Chongzhi was not sure about this result and he wanted to prove it by 9 (he). After years of hard work, he 10 (final) worked out the value of pi.
【答案】
1．first 2．earliest 3．that 4．an 5．intelligence 6．in 7．finding 8．believed 9．himself 10．finally
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国数学家、天文学家和机械师祖冲之。
【详解】1．句意：现在，他主要因第一个发现圆周率（π）在3.1415926到3.1415927之间而闻名。根据“person to find out that pi (π) falls between 3.1415926 and 3.1415927”可知，此处指第一个发现圆周率在3.1415926到3.1415927之间的人，表示顺序用序数词“first”，意为“第一”。故填first。
2．句意：他的结果在900多年里一直是世界上最准确、最早的值。根据“the most accurate and”可知，此处用形容词最高级，与“the most accurate”并列，且“and”表并列，前后形式一致，所以用“early”的最高级“earliest”，意为“最早的”。故填earliest。
3．句意：这个比率很难得到，以至于一个日本数学家称它为“祖氏比率”。根据“This ratio was so hard to get”可知，此处为so...that...引导的结果状语从句，意为“如此……以至于……”。故填that。
4．句意：作为一名优秀的工程师，他的祖父教他科学。根据“As...excellent engineer”可知，此处泛指一名优秀的工程师，“excellent”以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词“an”修饰。故填an。
5．句意：从很小的时候起，他就表现出了极大的智慧和好奇心。根据“great”可知，此处用名词形式，“intelligent”的名词形式是“intelligence”，意为“智慧”，不可数名词。故填intelligence。
6．句意：祖冲之也对数学和天文学表现出特殊的兴趣。show interest in意为“对……表现出兴趣”。故填in。
7．句意：目前尚不清楚祖冲之是如何对找出圆周率的值感兴趣的，但人们讲述过关于他的故事。、become interested in doing sth.意为“对做某事感兴趣”，固定词组。故填finding。
8．句意：在过去的很长时间里，人们都认为圆的周长是其直径的三倍。根据“For a long time in the past”可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，“believe”的过去式是“believed”。故填believed。
9．句意：祖冲之对这个结果不确定，他想自己证明。by oneself意为“独自”，主语是“he”，所以用反身代词himself。故填himself。
10．句意：经过多年的努力，他终于算出了圆周率的值。此处用副词修饰动词，final的副词形式是finally，意为“最终”。故填finally。
Passage 3
Once upon a time, there was a detective (侦探) named Detective Maths. He was very good 1 solving maths problems and loved to help people with their calculations. One day, he received a letter from the Maths Kingdom. 2 letter said that a number had gone missing in the kingdom. The king asked Detective Maths 3 (help) his kingdom!
Detective Maths packed 4 (he) notebook and pencil and set off. He soon arrived at the Maths Kingdom, a place filled with colourful numbers and 5 (friend) maths symbols. The king said, “Because of the missing number, all our calculations are wrong. I know you have the 6 (able) to solve this case (案件). Please help us.”
Detective Maths started investigating (调查) by 7 (talk) to the numbers and symbols. He asked them if they had seen anything strange or unusual. The numbers and symbols said no.
Then Detective Maths 8 (check) all the calculations in the Kingdom. After working out many maths problems and puzzles 9 (correct), Detective Maths finally found that the missing number was 5. He also discovered a number thief (小偷) hiding in a secret cave. The thief was a little number named Zero. Zero took away the missing number 10 he wanted to be the only number in the Maths Kingdom. Detective Maths told Zero that all numbers were important and that they needed to work together.
【答案】
1．at 2．The 3．to help 4．his 5．friendly 6．ability 7．talking 8．checked 9．correctly 10．because
【导语】本文主要讲述了数学侦探为数学王国找回丢失的数字的故事。
【详解】1．句意：他非常擅长解决数学问题，并且喜欢帮助人们进行计算。be good at doing sth.“擅长做某事”为固定用法，故填at。
2．句意：信中说，王国中有个数字失踪了。上句提到“he received a letter from the Maths Kingdom”，此处特指那封信，应用定冠词the修饰；空处位于句首，首字母应大写。故填The。
3．句意：国王请求数学侦探帮助他的王国！ask sb. to do sth.“请求某人做某事”为固定结构，故填to help。
4．句意：数学侦探收拾好他的笔记本和铅笔，然后出发了。空处修饰其后的名词notebook and pencil，应用形容词性物主代词。故填his。
5．句意：他很快就抵达了数学王国，一个充满五彩数字和友好数学符号的地方。此处应用名词friend的形容词形式friendly（友好的）来修饰后面的maths symbols。故填friendly。
6．句意：我知道你有能力解决这个案子。have the ability to do sth.“有能力做某事”为固定用法，故此处填able的名词形式ability。
7．句意：数学侦探通过与数字和符号交谈开始了调查。空处位于介词by后，应用动名词形式。故填talking。
8．句意：然后数学侦探检查了王国里的所有计算。通读全文可知，时态为一般过去时，此处应填动词的过去式。故填checked。
9．句意：在正确解出许多数学题和谜题后，数学侦探最终发现缺失的数字是5。此处修饰动词短语work out，应用correct的副词形式correctly，表示“正确地”。故填correctly。
10．句意：0拿走了缺失的数字，因为他想成为数学王国中唯一的数字。空处前后内容存在因果关系，且空后表示原因，应用because引导原因状语从句。故填because。根据句子意思, 用所给单词的适当形式填空。未提供单词的根据上下文填入适当的词。
Passage 4
We are all busy talking about and using the Internet but how many of 1 (we) know the history of the Internet?
Many people are 2 (surprise) when they find that the Internet was set up in the 1960s. 3 that time, computers were large and expensive. Computer networks (网络) didn’t work well. If one of 4 computers in the network broke down, then the whole network stopped. So a new network system had to be set up. It should be good enough 5 (be) used by many different computers. If part of the network was not working, information could be sent through another part. In this way, computer network systems would keep on 6 (work) all the time.
At first, the Internet was only used by the government, but in the early 1970s, universities, hospitals 7 banks were allowed to use it, too. However, computers were still very expensive and the Internet was difficult to use. By the start of the 1990s, computers became 8 (cheap) and easier to use. Scientists had also developed software that made “surfing” the Internet more convenient.
Today it is easy to get online and it is said that millions of people use the Internet every day. Sending e-mails 9 (be) getting more and more popular among students.
The Internet has now become one of the most important parts of 10 (people) life. Maybe few people can live without the Internet.
【答案】
1．us 2．surprised 3．At 4．the 5．to be 6．working 7．and 8．cheaper 9．is 10．people’s
【导语】本文主要介绍了互联网的历史。
【详解】1．句意：我们都忙着谈论和使用互联网，但我们中的多少人知道互联网的历史？of是介词，需接代词宾格，we的宾格形式为us。
2．句意：当发现互联网建立于20世纪60年代时，许多人会感到吃惊。主语Many people，应用surprise的形容词surprised修饰，意为“吃惊的”。
3．句意：在那时，电脑又大又贵。At that time，介词短语，意为“在那时”。句首字母大写。
4．句意：如果互联网中的一个电脑崩溃，然后整个互联网都会瘫痪。one of+the+可数名词复数，意为“……之一”。
5．句意：它应该足够好，能被许多不同的电脑使用。形容词+enough+to do，意为“足够……做某事”。
6．句意：以这种方式，电脑网络系统能一直持续工作。keep on，动词短语，意为“坚持”，需接动名词作宾语。work的动名词形式为working。
7．句意：起初，互联网只能由政府使用，但在20世纪70年代早期，大学、医院和银行也被允许使用。此处universities，hospitals和banks属于并列成分，应用连词and连接。
8．句意：到20世纪90年代初，电脑变得更加便宜和更容易使用。空白处与easier是并列成分，由连词and连接，应填cheap的比较级cheaper。
9．句意：发送电子邮件在学生之间越来越受欢迎。句子主语是动名词短语“sending e-mails”，动名词短语作主语，谓语动词用单数形式；句子是一般现在时，be动词用is。
10．句意：互联网现在已经变成人们生活中最受欢迎的重要部分之一。空后是名词life，结合句意，此处指“人们的生活”，应填名词所有格people’s。
Passage 5
Nowadays, DeepSeek is a famous name. It’s a great AI that surprises everyone. DeepSeek is really smart. It can answer all 1 (kind) of difficult questions. You can ask about geography. 2 example, you can ask DeepSeek “What is a supermoon?” It will tell you many 3 (interest) facts. It’s good at 4 (help) with schoolwork as well. If you have trouble working a maths problem out, don’t worry! DeepSeek can show you how to do it too. What’s more, making the great AI doesn’t need a lot of money 5 a long time. The team 6 (spend) only $5.58 million for two months in total. How smart the people behind it are!
However, DeepSeek isn’t perfect. Sometimes, the answers it gives may not be totally right. Because it 7 (get) information from the Internet, and there’s some wrong information there, we can’t always trust its answers. Another problem is about us. If we always ask DeepSeek for help, we 8 (become) lazy and stop thinking hard. Our brains also need to work!
DeepSeek is 9 great tool. It can help us a lot, but we need to use it 10 (wise). We should not only enjoy the help it gives, but also keep our own thinking active.
【答案】
1．kinds 2．For 3．interesting 4．helping 5．or 6．spent 7．gets 8．will become 9．a 10．wisely
【导语】本文介绍了DeepSeek AI的强大功能及其局限性，提醒人们要合理使用AI工具。
【详解】1．句意：它能回答所有种类的难题。根据文中“answer all...of difficult questions”可知，空前有all修饰，此处需要名词复数形式表示“各种类型”。故填kinds。
2．句意：例如，你可以问DeepSeek“什么是超级月亮？”根据“example”及下文可知，此处是举例说明，需用固定搭配for example，位于句首的单词首字母要大写。故填For。
3．句意：它会告诉你很多有趣的事实。空处修饰名词“facts”，需用形容词形式，修饰物用ing形容词。故填interesting。
4．句意：它也很擅长帮助完成作业。at是介词，后接动名词。故填helping。
5．句意：制作这个伟大的AI不需要花很多钱或很长时间。根据“The team...only $5.58 million for two months in total.”可知，此处指的是“不需要花很多钱或很长时间”，表示“或者”，应用or连接。故填or。
6．句意：该团队在两个月内总共只花费了558万美元。本句描述过去事实，动词需用过去式。故填spent。
7．句意：因为它获取信息来自互联网，那里有一些错误的信息，我们不能总是相信它的答案。陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语是“it”，动词用三单形式。故填gets。
8．句意：如果我们总是向DeepSeek求助，我们就会变得懒惰，不再努力思考。if条件句，时态遵循“主将从现”的原则，主句用将来时。故填will become。
9．句意：DeepSeek是一个很棒的工具。此处表示泛指，单数可数名词前需要冠词，“great”是辅音音素开头的单词，应用a修饰。故填a。
10．句意：它可以帮助我们很多，但我们需要明智地使用它。空处修饰动词use，需用副词形式。故填wisely。
Passage 6
Ding Chen is 19 years old and he is from Anhui Province. He is a student, but he is famous in his hometown. Lots of people know 1 (he) because of his great invention.
Several years ago, Ding Chen wanted to invent something for his grandparents. His grandparents lived in 2 old building without elevators (电梯). They had to climb stairs every day. After his grandfather fell ill, climbing stairs became even 3 (difficult) for him. It was at this moment that Ding Chen had a dream. He dreamt of 4 (invent) something that would make it easier for his grandparents to climb stairs.
A few years later, Ding Chen’s dream 5 (come) true. He invented a machine and solved the problem. The machine was very useful and it could help his grandparents climb stairs 6 (easy). To his 7 (surprised) , the machine helped him win an international invention award. He felt very excited 8 he got the award right then. His parents and teachers were proud 9 him.
Ding Chen wanted to improve his invention. He also planned to apply for a patent (专利) for his invention. If possible, he wanted to find some companies 10 (produce) this kind of machine. “I hope all the people in need can benefit from it,” he said.
【答案】
1．him 2．an 3．more difficult 4．inventing 5．came 6．easily 7．surprise 8．when 9．of 10．to produce
【导语】本文讲述了安徽19岁学生丁晨，为了方便祖父母爬楼梯，发明了一款爬楼辅助机器。这项发明不仅圆了他的梦想，还获得国际发明奖项，他打算继续改进发明，帮助更多有需要的人。
【详解】1．句意：很多人因为他伟大的发明而认识他。该处需一个人称代词宾格，在句中作宾语；根据“Lots of people know”可知语义与“认识他”相关；动词know后面需要接宾格形式。结合提示词he，故填him。
2．句意：他的祖父母住在一栋没有电梯的老式楼房里。该处需一个不定冠词，在句中作定语；根据“old building”可知语义与“一栋老式楼房”相关；old是以元音音素开头的单词，表示泛指一栋楼房，要用不定冠词an。故填an。
3．句意：祖父生病之后，爬楼梯对他来说变得更加困难。该处需一个形容词比较级，在句中作表语；根据“After his grandfather fell ill”可知语义与“生病前后难度对比”相关；语境暗含对比，需要使用形容词比较级。结合提示词difficult，故填more difficult。
4．句意：他梦想发明一种东西，让祖父母爬楼梯变得更容易。该处需一个动名词，在句中作介词宾语；根据“He dreamt of...something”可知语义与“梦想发明物品”相关；固定搭配“dream of doing sth.”，表示“梦想做某事”，of为介词，后面接动名词形式。结合提示词invent，故填inventing。
5．句意：几年之后，丁晨的梦想实现了。该处需一个动词过去式，在句中作谓语；根据“A few years later”可知语义与“过去梦想成真”相关；全文讲述过去发生的故事，时态为一般过去时。结合提示词come，故填came。
6．句意：这台机器非常有用，它可以帮助祖父母轻松爬楼梯。该处需一个副词，在句中作状语；根据“help his grandparents climb stairs”可知语义与“轻松地爬楼梯”相关；修饰动词climb，需要使用副词形式。结合提示词easy，故填easily。
7．句意：令他惊讶的是，这台机器帮他赢得了一项国际发明大奖。该处需一个名词，在句中构成固定短语；根据“To his...”可知语义与“令他惊讶的是”相关；固定搭配to one’s surprise，表示“令某人惊讶的是”，需要使用名词形式。结合提示词surprised，故填surprise。
8．句意：就在他拿到奖项的那一刻，他感到十分激动。该处需一个连词，在句中引导时间状语从句；根据句中“right then”可知语义与“拿到奖项的同一时刻”相关；强调两个动作同步发生，用when引导。故填when。
9．句意：他的父母和老师都为他感到骄傲。该处需一个介词，在句中构成固定搭配；根据“were proud...him”可知语义与“为他骄傲”相关；固定搭配be proud of，表示“为……骄傲”。故填of。
10．句意：如果有可能，他想找到一些公司来生产这种机器。该处需一个动词不定式，在句中作目的状语；根据“find some companies...this kind of machine”可知语义与 “找公司来生产机器”相关；此处表达找公司的目的，要用动词不定式。结合提示词produce，故填to produce。
Passage 7
So far, a flying car by the Chinese company XPENG 1 (achieve) its impressive public flight by flying over Dubai. This happened on Oct 12 during a flight show. It is a new step in bringing China’s low-altitude aircraft technology (低空飞行器技术) to the world, according to Xinhua.
2 flying car, called Land Aircraft Carrier, is the world’s 3 (one) modular (模块化的) flying car. People can take apart the aircraft (飞行器) in just five minutes. The aircraft is in the back of the car, and people can charge (充电) it there.
4 (make) the car ready to fly, you only need to push one button (按钮).
The aircraft can’t fly as 5 (quick) as a plane, but it can take off or land straight up and down. It can fly 6 its own or with a person controlling it. When it flies alone, it can plan the road and guide 7 (it). The aircraft can fly for 30 minutes and up to 1,000 meters high.
The flying car is cool, but it will be a long time before we can use it in daily life. There are problems to solve. People need to build landing 8 (site) for the car and make complete air traffic rules. Besides, it might bring some 9 (danger) situations. For example, 10 it flies a certain distance away from the house, it may cause trouble.
【答案】
1．has achieved 2．The 3．first 4．To make 5．quickly 6．on 7．itself 8．sites 9．dangerous 10．if
【导语】本文主要讲了中国公司小鹏研发的模块化飞行汽车首次公开飞行及其技术特点，并分析了其投入日常使用前需解决的问题。
【详解】1．句意：迄今为止，中国公司小鹏的飞行汽车已在迪拜上空完成了其引人注目的公开飞行。根据“So far”可知，此处强调动作从过去持续到现在并对现在有影响，用现在完成时；主语“a flying car”为单数，助动词用has，achieve“完成”，为动词，过去分词是achieved。故填has achieved。
2．句意：这款名为“陆地航母”的飞行汽车是世界上首款模块化飞行汽车。根据“... flying car, called Land Aircraft Carrier”可知，此处特指前文提到的“a flying car”，需用定冠词the，句首单词首字母需大写。故填The。
3．句意：这款名为“陆地航母”的飞行汽车是世界上首款模块化飞行汽车。根据“the world’s ... modular flying car”可知，此处表示“第一”，需用序数词；one“一”，为基数词，其序数词是first。故填first。
4．句意：要让这辆车做好飞行准备，你只需按一个按钮。根据“... the car ready to fly, you only need to push one button”可知，此处表示目的“为了……”，make“使”，为动词，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填To make。
5．句意：这架飞行器不能像飞机飞得那样快，但它可以垂直起降。根据“can’t fly as ... as a plane”可知，此处修饰动词fly，需用副词形式；quick“快的”，为形容词，其副词形式是quickly。故填quickly。
6．句意：它可以自主飞行，也可以在人的控制下飞行。根据“fly ... its own”可知，on one’s own是固定短语，意为“独立地，自主地”。故填on。
7．句意：当它独自飞行时，它可以规划路线并引导自己。根据“guide ...”可知，此处指飞行器引导“它自己”，需用反身代词；it“它”，为主格代词，其反身代词形式是itself。故填itself。
8．句意：人们需要为这种车建造着陆场，并制定完善的空中交通规则。根据“landing ...”可知，此处应用可数名词表示泛指，表示“场地”；site“地点”，为可数名词，其复数形式是sites。故填sites。
9．句意：此外，它可能会带来一些危险情况。根据“some ... situations”可知，此处修饰名词situations，需用形容词形式；danger“危险”，为名词，其形容词形式是dangerous。故填dangerous。
10．句意：例如，如果它飞到离房子一定距离以外，就可能会引起麻烦。根据“... it flies a certain distance away from the house, it may cause trouble”可知，这里表示如果它飞到离房子一定距离以外，就可能会引起麻烦，此处引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”。故填if。
Passage 8
The Chinese abacus is known as suanpan. It is 1 important part of traditional Chinese culture and it is known as China’s 2 (five) great invention. People in the past 3 (use) the abacus to calculate quickly so it could be called “the 4 (old) computer in the world”.
To use the abacus correctly, you may 5 (wonder) something important about it. It usually has more than seven rods (杆子). There are two beads (算珠) on each rod in the upper deck (层) and five beads each in the bottom. The beads are usually round and made 6 wood. We count the beads by 7 (move) them up or down towards the beam (横梁). If you move them towards the beam, you count their value. 8 , if you move them away from the beam, you can’t 9 (count) their value. The abacus can be reset (重置) to the starting position quickly, so then you can start to count again easily. 10 (current), the use of the abacus is still taught in some primary schools as part of Maths.
【答案】
1．an 2．fifth 3．used 4．oldest 5．wonder 6．of 7．moving 8．However 9．count 10．Currently
【导语】本文介绍了中国算盘，包括它的地位、构造、使用方法以及如今的教学现状。
【详解】1．句意：它是中国传统文化重要的一部分。important是以元音音素开头的单词，用an；an important part of … ……重要的一部分。
2．句意：并且它被称为中国的第五大发明。 根据语境提示，这里表示“第五”，five是基数词，变为序数词fifth。
3．句意：过去的人们使用算盘快速计算。 in the past在过去，谓语动词用过去式，use的过去式是used。
4．句意：所以它可以被称作 “世界上最古老的计算机”。in the world表示范围，前面有the，old要用最高级oldest。
5．句意：为了正确使用算盘，你可能想了解一些关于它的重要知识。 may是情态动词，后面接动词原形wonder。
6．句意：算珠通常是圆形的，由木头制成。根据语境提示可知，be made of由……制成（能看出原材料）。of符合题意。
7．句意：我们通过把算珠向上或向下拨向横梁来计数。by是介词，介词后面的动词要加-ing，move变为moving。
8．句意：如果你把算珠拨向横梁，就计它的数值。然而，如果你把算珠从横梁移开，就不计它的数值。 前后两句是转折关系，空后有逗号，用However，首字母大写。
9．句意：如果你把算珠从横梁移开，就不能计算它的数值。 can’t是情态动词，后面接动词原形count。
10．句意：目前，算盘的使用仍然在一些小学作为数学课内容讲授。此处需用副词修饰整个句子， current 是形容词，要变为副词Currently，首字母大写。
18 / 18乐思英语
学科网（北京）股份有限公司
$考前特训
专题05 语法填空 期中考满分冲刺（深圳专用）
姓名：___________班级：___________座号：___________
内容提要
题型分析
解题指导
集中突破
一、题型定位
语法填空是深圳中考英语考查学生语法知识在语篇中综合运用能力的题型。短文留出若干空白，部分括号给出提示词须变形，其余须根据语境填入恰当的词，使文章语法正确、语意完整。
本次特训共收录 8 篇短文、80 个设空，篇幅在 165—283 词之间，话题覆盖成长励志（Growing Hope）、古代科学家祖冲之、数学侦探、互联网、人工智能 DeepSeek、少年发明家丁成、飞行汽车与中华算盘等。每篇约 7 道提示词题与 3 道盲填空题，重在“词形变化 + 虚词搭配”双线并进。
二、命题特点
（1）一句一空、语境限定：每空间距很小，答案须符合句子结构与上下文逻辑，不能脱离语境凭语感乱填。
（2）提示词题考“词形变化”：括号给出原形，要求写出正确形式，如 develop→developing、hear→to hear、come→came，涉及时态、语态、非谓语、词性转换、代词形式。
（3）盲填题考“虚词与搭配”：无提示处常填冠词、介词、连词、代词或固定结构，如 a / an、The、at、For、his。
（4）语法点覆盖面广：时态、语态、非谓语、比较级、从句引导词、词性转换轮流出现，重在基础语法的准确运用。
（5）拼写与形式并重：答案既要求词形正确，也要求拼写、单复数、大小写无误，是语言准确性的直接考查。
三、核心考点分布（基于本次特训 80 题梳理）
（1）动词形式（约 28 空）：时态、语态、非谓语，如 develop→developing、hear→to hear、come→came、achieve→has achieved。
（2）词性转换（约 16 空）：名→形、动→名/副、形→副，如 interest→interesting、invent→inventing、difficult→more difficult。
（3）代词（约 10 空）：人称、物主、关系代词，如 his、him、us、that。
（4）介词与连词（约 16 空）：固定搭配与句间逻辑，如 at、For、To make、However。
（5）名词与冠词（约 10 空）：单复数、冠词 a / an / the，如 a、an、The、fifth、oldest。
一、四步解题法
第一步：通读全文，把握大意、时态基调与体裁，初步判断文章的人称、时态与整体语境，不急于填空。
第二步：提示词题，判断需转化的词性（名/动/形/副）与形态（时态、语态、单复数、比较级、反身代词等），写出正确形式。
第三步：盲填题，分析句子成分缺什么词（冠词、介词、连词、代词或固定结构），结合搭配与逻辑填入。
第四步：复查拼写、单复数、时态、大小写与搭配，把答案代入原文通读一遍，确保语法正确、语意通顺。
二、结合本次特训题目的实战点拨
【点拨1】词形转换——以 Passage 1 题 1 为例：原文写道“of almost every meal. But for Yuan Longping, known for 1 (develop) the hybrid rice (杂交水稻), rice was more than that.”。该空考查词形转换，需结合上下文语境与句子结构判断词形或词性，故填 developing。
【点拨2】词形转换——以 Passage 2 题 1 为例：原文写道“nic called Zu Chongzhi. Now, he is mainly famous as the 1 (one) person to find out that pi (π) falls between 3.”。该空考查词形转换，需结合上下文语境与句子结构判断词形或词性，故填 first。
【点拨3】介词搭配——以 Passage 3 题 1 为例：原文写道“detective (侦探) named Detective Maths. He was very good 1 solving maths problems and loved to help people with their calculations.”。该空考查介词搭配，需结合上下文语境与句子结构判断词形或词性，故填 at。
【点拨4】代词指代——以 Passage 4 题 1 为例：原文写道“sy talking about and using the Internet but how many of 1 (we) know the history of the Internet?”。该空考查代词指代，需结合上下文语境与句子结构判断词形或词性，故填 us。
【点拨5】词形转换——以 Passage 5 题 1 为例：原文写道“s everyone. DeepSeek is really smart. It can answer all 1 (kind) of difficult questions. You can ask about geography.”。该空考查词形转换，需结合上下文语境与句子结构判断词形或词性，故填 kinds。
【点拨6】代词指代——以 Passage 6 题 1 为例：原文写道“, but he is famous in his hometown. Lots of people know 1 (he) because of his great invention.”。该空考查代词指代，需结合上下文语境与句子结构判断词形或词性，故填 him。
【点拨7】冠词用法——以 Passage 7 题 2 为例：原文写道“ft technology (低空飞行器技术) to the world, according to Xinhua. 2 flying car, called Land Aircraft Carrier, is the world’s 3 (one) modular (模块化的) flying car.”。该空考查冠词用法，需结合上下文语境与句子结构判断词形或词性，故填 The。
【点拨8】冠词用法——以 Passage 8 题 1 为例：原文写道“The Chinese abacus is known as suanpan. It is 1 important part of traditional Chinese culture and it is known as China’s 2 (five) great invention.”。该空考查冠词用法，需结合上下文语境与句子结构判断词形或词性，故填 an。
三、易错提醒
• 忌“无视提示词词性”：先定词性再变形。
• 忌“时态不统一”：忽视全文时态主线。
• 忌“冠介连代混淆”：盲填先想句子成分。
• 忌“拼写马虎”：词形变化后拼写须准确。
Passage 1
Growing Hope
For most Chinese people, rice is an important part of almost every meal. But for Yuan Longping, known for 1 (develop) the hybrid rice (杂交水稻), rice was more than that. It was his life-long career.
Yuan, created hybrid rice that helps feed the world. On May 22, Yuan died at the age of 91. People around the world were sad 2 (hear) of his passing.
How did he begin?
In the 1960s, people in China didn’t have enough food to eat. Many people even lost their lives because of this. Yuan 3 (come) up with the idea for hybridizing rice. At that time, other people didn’t think hybrid rice had much value (价值). 4 , Yuan worked on it every day. He and his team took very 5 (well) care of their rice seeds (种子).
At last, in 1973, he grew 6 new kind of hybrid rice. This rice is different from other kinds of rice. With the new type, about 70,000,000 people could have food every year!
Home on the farm
Yuan was one of China’s most famous 7 (science). But he called 8 (he) a farmer.
He spent most of his time 9 (work) in the field. Yuan also said, “If I am not at home, I must be on the farmland; if I am not on the farmland, I must be on my way to the farmland.” He often rode a motorcycle to work, as this was more convenient for him.
Praise (赞扬) for Yuan
In 1991, the United Nations invited Yuan Longping to work as its chief consultant (首席顾问). He traveled to many foreign countries to share his knowledge of hybrid rice. “Professor Yuan’s contribution (贡献) is so powerful 10 he will long be remembered,” Barbara Stinson, president of the World Food Prize Foundation said.
Passage 2
There was a Chinese mathematician, astronomer, and mechanic called Zu Chongzhi. Now, he is mainly famous as the 1 (one) person to find out that pi (π) falls between 3.1415926 and 3.1415927. And his result remained the most accurate and 2 (early) value in the world for more than 900 years. He also worked out the close value of pi to be 355/113, which he called “the close ratio (比率)”. This ratio was so hard to get 3 a Japanese mathematician named it “Zu’s ratio”.
He was born into a well-educated family. As 4 excellent engineer, his grandfather taught him science. From an early age, he showed great 5 (intelligent) and curiosity. Zu also showed special interests 6 mathematics and astronomy. It is not clear how Zu Chongzhi became interested in 7 (find) the value of pi, yet people have told stories about him. For a long time in the past, people 8 (believe) that the circumference (周长) of a circle was three times its diameter. Zu Chongzhi was not sure about this result and he wanted to prove it by 9 (he). After years of hard work, he 10 (final) worked out the value of pi.
Passage 3
Once upon a time, there was a detective (侦探) named Detective Maths. He was very good 1 solving maths problems and loved to help people with their calculations. One day, he received a letter from the Maths Kingdom. 2 letter said that a number had gone missing in the kingdom. The king asked Detective Maths 3 (help) his kingdom!
Detective Maths packed 4 (he) notebook and pencil and set off. He soon arrived at the Maths Kingdom, a place filled with colourful numbers and 5 (friend) maths symbols. The king said, “Because of the missing number, all our calculations are wrong. I know you have the 6 (able) to solve this case (案件). Please help us.”
Detective Maths started investigating (调查) by 7 (talk) to the numbers and symbols. He asked them if they had seen anything strange or unusual. The numbers and symbols said no.
Then Detective Maths 8 (check) all the calculations in the Kingdom. After working out many maths problems and puzzles 9 (correct), Detective Maths finally found that the missing number was 5. He also discovered a number thief (小偷) hiding in a secret cave. The thief was a little number named Zero. Zero took away the missing number 10 he wanted to be the only number in the Maths Kingdom. Detective Maths told Zero that all numbers were important and that they needed to work together.
Passage 4
We are all busy talking about and using the Internet but how many of 1 (we) know the history of the Internet?
Many people are 2 (surprise) when they find that the Internet was set up in the 1960s. 3 that time, computers were large and expensive. Computer networks (网络) didn’t work well. If one of 4 computers in the network broke down, then the whole network stopped. So a new network system had to be set up. It should be good enough 5 (be) used by many different computers. If part of the network was not working, information could be sent through another part. In this way, computer network systems would keep on 6 (work) all the time.
At first, the Internet was only used by the government, but in the early 1970s, universities, hospitals 7 banks were allowed to use it, too. However, computers were still very expensive and the Internet was difficult to use. By the start of the 1990s, computers became 8 (cheap) and easier to use. Scientists had also developed software that made “surfing” the Internet more convenient.
Today it is easy to get online and it is said that millions of people use the Internet every day. Sending e-mails 9 (be) getting more and more popular among students.
The Internet has now become one of the most important parts of 10 (people) life. Maybe few people can live without the Internet.
Passage 5
Nowadays, DeepSeek is a famous name. It’s a great AI that surprises everyone. DeepSeek is really smart. It can answer all 1 (kind) of difficult questions. You can ask about geography. 2 example, you can ask DeepSeek “What is a supermoon?” It will tell you many 3 (interest) facts. It’s good at 4 (help) with schoolwork as well. If you have trouble working a maths problem out, don’t worry! DeepSeek can show you how to do it too. What’s more, making the great AI doesn’t need a lot of money 5 a long time. The team 6 (spend) only $5.58 million for two months in total. How smart the people behind it are!
However, DeepSeek isn’t perfect. Sometimes, the answers it gives may not be totally right. Because it 7 (get) information from the Internet, and there’s some wrong information there, we can’t always trust its answers. Another problem is about us. If we always ask DeepSeek for help, we 8 (become) lazy and stop thinking hard. Our brains also need to work!
DeepSeek is 9 great tool. It can help us a lot, but we need to use it 10 (wise). We should not only enjoy the help it gives, but also keep our own thinking active.
Passage 6
Ding Chen is 19 years old and he is from Anhui Province. He is a student, but he is famous in his hometown. Lots of people know 1 (he) because of his great invention.
Several years ago, Ding Chen wanted to invent something for his grandparents. His grandparents lived in 2 old building without elevators (电梯). They had to climb stairs every day. After his grandfather fell ill, climbing stairs became even 3 (difficult) for him. It was at this moment that Ding Chen had a dream. He dreamt of 4 (invent) something that would make it easier for his grandparents to climb stairs.
A few years later, Ding Chen’s dream 5 (come) true. He invented a machine and solved the problem. The machine was very useful and it could help his grandparents climb stairs 6 (easy). To his 7 (surprised) , the machine helped him win an international invention award. He felt very excited 8 he got the award right then. His parents and teachers were proud 9 him.
Ding Chen wanted to improve his invention. He also planned to apply for a patent (专利) for his invention. If possible, he wanted to find some companies 10 (produce) this kind of machine. “I hope all the people in need can benefit from it,” he said.
Passage 7
So far, a flying car by the Chinese company XPENG 1 (achieve) its impressive public flight by flying over Dubai. This happened on Oct 12 during a flight show. It is a new step in bringing China’s low-altitude aircraft technology (低空飞行器技术) to the world, according to Xinhua.
2 flying car, called Land Aircraft Carrier, is the world’s 3 (one) modular (模块化的) flying car. People can take apart the aircraft (飞行器) in just five minutes. The aircraft is in the back of the car, and people can charge (充电) it there.
4 (make) the car ready to fly, you only need to push one button (按钮).
The aircraft can’t fly as 5 (quick) as a plane, but it can take off or land straight up and down. It can fly 6 its own or with a person controlling it. When it flies alone, it can plan the road and guide 7 (it). The aircraft can fly for 30 minutes and up to 1,000 meters high.
The flying car is cool, but it will be a long time before we can use it in daily life. There are problems to solve. People need to build landing 8 (site) for the car and make complete air traffic rules. Besides, it might bring some 9 (danger) situations. For example, 10 it flies a certain distance away from the house, it may cause trouble.
Passage 8
The Chinese abacus is known as suanpan. It is 1 important part of traditional Chinese culture and it is known as China’s 2 (five) great invention. People in the past 3 (use) the abacus to calculate quickly so it could be called “the 4 (old) computer in the world”.
To use the abacus correctly, you may 5 (wonder) something important about it. It usually has more than seven rods (杆子). There are two beads (算珠) on each rod in the upper deck (层) and five beads each in the bottom. The beads are usually round and made 6 wood. We count the beads by 7 (move) them up or down towards the beam (横梁). If you move them towards the beam, you count their value. 8 , if you move them away from the beam, you can’t 9 (count) their value. The abacus can be reset (重置) to the starting position quickly, so then you can start to count again easily. 10 (current), the use of the abacus is still taught in some primary schools as part of Maths.
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