精品解析：广东省汕尾市陆河县2026-2027学年度第一学期高二第一次教学质量监测英语试题

2026—2027学年度第一学期高二第一次教学质量监测 英语 试题 2026-10-16 温馨提示：请将答案写在答题卡上；考试时间为120分钟，满分120分。 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Volunteers Wanted: Community Reading Buddies Do you love stories? Do you enjoy helping others? The Riverside Community Center is looking for responsible high school students to join our Community Reading Buddies program. This program is designed to connect teenagers with primary school children who need extra reading practice and friendly encouragement. What You’ll Do Our program pairs teenage volunteers with children aged 7 to 11. Many children in our neighborhood do not have easy access to books or quiet study spaces at home. As a reading companion, you will listen to them read, help with difficult words, and discuss stories in a relaxing way. More importantly, you will encourage them to build confidence and discover the joy of reading. You do not need to be a perfect reader. What matters is your patience and willingness to listen. Time & Training Volunteers are required to commit two hours every Saturday afternoon, from 2:00 to 4:00, starting on March 8. The program will last for ten weeks. Training will be provided on March 1, where you will learn simple reading strategies and how to communicate with younger children. No teaching experience is needed, but patience and a warm heart are necessary. Volunteers who complete the program will receive a certificate (证书) and valuable social experience. Why Join Us Volunteering is not only about giving. You will improve your communication skills, make new friends, and gain a sense of achievement. Many former volunteers say the children taught them as much as they taught the children. Besides, it is a wonderful way to spend your weekend meaningfully. How to Apply To apply, fill out the form on our website by February 25. Applicants may be invited to a short interview. If you have any questions, call Ms. Chen at 555-0136 or email readingbuddies@riverside.org. Places are limited, so early application is encouraged. Come and share the magic of reading. Your time can light up a child’s world. 1. What are volunteers expected to do in the program? A. Teach children how to write stories. B. Guide children through reading activities. C. Organize a book fair for primary schools. D. Donate storybooks to the community center. 2. What reward can volunteers get after finishing the whole program? A. Free books for ten weeks. B. A certificate and social experience. C. A chance to work as a primary teacher. D. Additional money from the community. 3. What is the main purpose of the text? A. To advertise a new community library. B. To introduce different ways of reading. C. To call on high school students to volunteer. D. To explain an application for a primary school. 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. C 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了社区“阅读伙伴”志愿者招募启事，介绍了志愿者工作内容、时间培训、参与好处以及报名方式，号召高中生报名参加。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据原文What You’ll Do部分“As a reading companion, you will listen to them read, help with difficult words, and discuss stories in a relaxing way.(作为阅读伙伴，你将听他们朗读，帮助解决难词，并以轻松的方式讨论故事。)”可知，志愿者需要引导孩子们开展阅读活动。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据原文Time & Training部分“Volunteers who complete the program will receive a certificate (证书) and valuable social experience.(完成项目的志愿者将会获得一份证书以及宝贵的社会实践经历。)”可知，志愿者完成整个项目后可以得到证书和社会实践经历。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据原文第一段“The Riverside Community Center is looking for responsible high school students to join our Community Reading Buddies program.(河滨社区中心正在寻找有责任心的高中生加入我们的社区阅读伙伴项目。)”及全文内容可知，这是一篇志愿者招募广告，面向高中生，介绍项目详情，号召高中生来当志愿者。因此，本文的主要目的是号召高中生参加志愿活动。 B In 1996, 26-year-old Dr. Gladys Kalema-Zikusoka became Uganda’s first wildlife doctor for animals. Just nine months later, a big problem hit Uganda’s rare mountain gorillas (大猩猩). A strange skin disease spread in the forest. The gorillas lost their hair, got dry white skin, and scratched their bodies nonstop. One baby gorilla almost lost all its fur. Dr. Gladys wanted to find the cause. She asked her doctor friend about common sicknesses in poor villages nearby. They found it was scabies (疥疮) — a small bug (虫子) infection caused by bad cleanliness. Her team treated the gorillas, but the sick baby died. They found the disease came from old clothes with bugs at the park edge. This showed people’s actions made the gentle gorillas sick. “I learned we can’t protect gorillas if we don’t help the people living near them stay healthy,” Dr. Gladys said. In 2003, she started a group called Conservation Through Public Health (CTPH). This group helps over 50,000 local people. It also made Uganda’s gorilla population grow by more than 50%. Dr. Gladys loved animals when she was 8. She saw her neighbor’s monkey play the piano. “They are so much like humans,” she thought. She studied to be an animal doctor in London. In 1994, she worked at Bwindi Impenetrable National Park. There, she looked into a gorilla’s eyes. The gorilla was calm and smart. She felt a strong bond with it. At that time, only 600 mountain gorillas were left in the world. She promised to save them. Now, CTPH helps villages and protects nature together. Village health workers teach people to keep clean and stop diseases. This keeps both people and gorillas healthy. “Gorilla Guardians” guide wandering gorillas safely back to the forest. They also help people who hunted illegally become park workers or farmers. Today, the results are amazing. Now, 1,049 mountain gorillas live worldwide. They are no longer “critically endangered” — only “endangered”. This is a big win for protecting animals. 4. Why did Dr. Gladys start CTPH? A. To study monkeys. B. To teach the piano. C. To build more parks. D. To help people and gorillas. 5. What inspired Dr. Gladys’ interest in animals at an early age? A. The sight of sick young gorillas losing their fur. B. A close meeting with a gorilla in the Bwindi forest. C. Lessons about wildlife protection at her London school. D. A neighbor’s monkey interacting with a musical instrument. 6. What is one duty of the “Gorilla Guardians”? A. Train local health teams on disease control. B. Help lost gorillas back to their natural habitat. C. Check villagers’ clothes for harmful tiny insects. D. Offer medical treatment for sick mountain gorillas. 7. What can we learn from Dr. Gladys’ story? A. Being a doctor is well-paid. B. Wild animals are easy to save. C. Helping people is helping nature. D. Gorillas are “critically endangered” today. 【答案】4. D 5. D 6. B 7. C 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了乌干达首位野生动物医生格拉迪斯·卡莱马-齐库索卡通过帮助当地居民改善健康来保护山地大猩猩的故事。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“‌“I learned we can’t protect gorillas if we don’t help the people living near them stay healthy,” Dr. Gladys said. In 2003, she started a group called Conservation Through Public Health (CTPH). This group helps over 50,000 local people. It also made Uganda’s gorilla population grow by more than 50%.(“我了解到，如果我们不帮助生活在大猩猩附近的人们保持健康，我们就无法保护大猩猩，”格拉迪斯博士说。2003年，她创立了一个名为“通过公共卫生保护”的组织(CTPH)。该组织帮助了超过5万名当地人。它还使乌干达的大猩猩数量增长了50%以上)”可知，格拉迪斯博士创立CTPH是为了同时帮助人类和大猩猩。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Dr. Gladys loved animals when she was 8. She saw her neighbor’s monkey play the piano. ‌“They are so much like humans,” she thought.(格拉迪斯博士8岁时就热爱动物。她看到邻居的猴子弹钢琴。“它们和人类太像了，”她想)”可知，是邻居家的猴子弹钢琴激发了她早年对动物的兴趣。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中“‌“Gorilla Guardians” guide wandering gorillas safely back to the forest.(“大猩猩守护者”引导游荡的大猩猩安全返回森林)”可知，“大猩猩守护者”的职责之一是帮助迷路的大猩猩回到自然栖息地。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“‌“I learned we can’t protect gorillas if we don’t help the people living near them stay healthy,” Dr. Gladys said.(“我了解到，如果我们不帮助生活在大猩猩附近的人们保持健康，我们就无法保护大猩猩，”格拉迪斯博士说)”以及第五段中“Now, CTPH helps villages and protects nature together. Village health workers teach people to keep clean and stop diseases. This keeps both people and gorillas healthy.(如今，CTPH将帮助村庄和保护自然结合在一起。村庄卫生工作者教人们保持清洁、预防疾病。这使人和大猩猩都保持健康)”可知，从格拉迪斯博士的故事中我们可以学到：帮助人类就是帮助自然。 C Plastic pollution has become one of the most pressing environmental issues of the century. According to the International Union for Conservation of Nature, more than 460 million tons of plastic are produced every year. About 20 million tons of plastic litter end up in the environment annually, and this amount is expected to increase significantly by 2040. Moreover, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development reported that in 2019, the life-cycle emissions (排放) of plastics, including production and disposal (处理), amounted to 1.8 billion tons, or around 3 percent of global greenhouse gas emissions. Against this backdrop, eco-friendly bamboo is developing as a promising renewable replacement. China is the world’s largest bamboo producer. According to the National Forestry and Grassland Administration, the country is home to approximately 7.56 million hectares of bamboo forests. It also owns a cutting-edge processing technology system and a complete industrial chain. The shift has been driven by a combination of policy support and market demand. In 2022, China partnered with the International Bamboo and Rattan Organization to launch the Bamboo as a Substitute for Plastic project. The following year, the National Development and Reform Commission issued a three-year action plan to speed up the movement. This was followed up by a supportive standards system from the administration in 2024, which covered 140 items in nine categories. Bamboo, a plant long associated with rural life and traditional crafts, is increasingly being used to make products that were once the domain of plastic: food containers, packaging materials, and even industrial components for vehicles. Chinese researchers and producers have developed a bio-based bamboo fiber material that is naturally antibacterial, lightweight, and strong enough to replace plastic in many food packaging applications. It is being molded into egg containers, takeaway boxes, and supermarket packaging. It offers the same cost-performance level as plastic, but without the environmental cost. As policy support, industrial capacity, and market demand continue to work together, bamboo is well positioned to move from a traditional material to a mainstream solution in the global fight against plastic pollution. 8. What can be learned about plastic from the first two paragraphs? A. Its emissions come mainly from disposal. B. Its output will be reduced significantly soon. C. Its pollution is growing and its emissions are considerable. D. Its emissions are the main part of global greenhouse gases. 9. Why can bamboo serve as a promising replacement for plastic in China? A. For its growing popularity. B. For its simple processing techniques. C. For the low price and convenient transportation. D. For rich resources and complete industrial systems. 10. What does the underlined word “domain” in paragraph 5 most probably mean? A. Field. B. Design. C. Price. D. Benefit. 11. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Bamboo Ends Plastic Pollution B. Bamboo Leads the World Market C. Bamboo: A Green Solution to Plastic Pollution D. Bamboo: Advantages Outweigh Disadvantages 【答案】8. C 9. D 10. A 11. C 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍竹子作为环保材料有望替代塑料，助力解决塑料污染问题。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“About 20 million tons of plastic litter end up in the environment annually, and this amount is expected to increase significantly by 2040.(每年大约2000万吨塑料垃圾进入环境，到2040年该数量预计会大幅增加。)”以及第二段中的 “Moreover, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development reported that in 2019, the life-cycle emissions (排放) of plastics, including production and disposal (处理), amounted to 1.8 billion tons, or around 3 percent of global greenhouse gas emissions.(此外，经济合作与发展组织报告称，2019 年塑料的全生命周期排放量（包含生产与废弃物处理环节）总计达 18 亿吨，约占全球温室气体排放量的 3%。)” 可知，塑料污染不断加剧，并且排放量相当可观。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“China is the world’s largest bamboo producer. According to the National Forestry and Grassland Administration, the country is home to approximately 7.56 million hectares of bamboo forests. It also owns a cutting-edge processing technology system and a complete industrial chain.(中国是世界上最大的竹子生产国。据国家林业和草原局统计，全国拥有约 756 万公顷竹林。中国还具备一套先进的加工技术体系以及完整的产业链。)” 可知，丰富的资源以及完备的工业体系让竹子有望替代塑料。 【10题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第五段中的“Bamboo, a plant long associated with rural life and traditional crafts, is increasingly being used to make products that were once the domain of plastic: food containers, packaging materials, and even industrial components for vehicles.(竹子，这种长久以来与乡村生活、传统工艺紧密相关的植物，如今正越来越多地被用来制造曾经属于塑料应用domain的产品：食品容器、包装材料，甚至是车辆工业零部件。)”可知，食品容器、包装材料，甚至车辆的工业部件，这些产品曾经是塑料广泛应用的“领域”范围，所以domain在此表示“领域，范围”，与field同义。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。文章前两段指出了全球塑料污染和排放的严峻现状，后三段详细介绍了竹子作为一种环保、可再生的替代材料，在政策支持和技术发展下，正逐步取代塑料应用于各个领域。因此，C项“Bamboo: A Green Solution to Plastic Pollution(竹子：塑料污染的绿色解决方案)”准确概括了文章的核心内容，最适合作为标题。 D Calculators (计算器) didn’t make everyone poor at math. GPS navigation systems made driving easier. Whenever people discuss the cognitive (认知的) influences of artificial intelligence (AI), these two earlier technologies are likely to come up. Each offers a useful entry point for two big questions: How might AI reshape human thinking, and what actions should managers take in response? Calculators and GPS are typical examples of “cognitive offloading” — handing over specific tasks to technology. In both cases, the benefits are clear. Calculators boost students’ math and problem-solving skills, while GPS saves drivers from map-checking for smoother travel. However, there are also drawbacks. In a 2019 study, Mark LaCour and his partners programmed calculators to provide wrong answers for certain problems. Students seldom doubted these slightly incorrect results. Even with clearly unreasonable answers, some accepted them without question. GPS use can also weaken people’s ability to think independently. AI makes these trade-offs stronger. It is reasonable to let AI finish certain tasks, since AI beats humans in many fields. Yet AI’s powerful functions, together with its easy-to-use chat interface and its confident manner, may cause people not just to hand over tasks, but to give in completely. Thus comes the idea of “cognitive surrender” (投降), a term coined by Steven Shaw and Gideon Nave from the Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania. In their experiment, volunteers answered demanding questions with AI support. Just like LaCour’s calculator test, researchers randomly introduced errors into the machine’s answers. When AI gave accurate responses, users performed better than those working on their own. But when AI was wrong, the users’ results became much worse: they stopped thinking for themselves. So what can managers do to encourage cognitive resistance? They can hire workers who enjoy thinking. People with a high need for cognition can partly avoid cognitive surrender, says Mr Shaw. Rewards and feedback can help, too. One experiment offered money rewards and feedback. These methods encouraged AI users who were being fed wrong answers to correct the model more often — though they still did worse than people who relied on their own judgment. Offloading is fine. Giving in is another matter. 12. Why does the author mention calculators and GPS in paragraph 1? A. To introduce AI’s effect on thinking. B. To compare traditional tools with AI. C. To show technology makes people lazier. D. To prove old technology harms cognition. 13. What was the finding of LaCour’s 2019 experiment on students? A. They hated calculators for math tasks. B. They tended to believe wrong answers. C. They did much better without calculators. D. They frequently doubted calculator results. 14. What does “cognitive surrender” refer to in the text? A. Encouraging independent thinking actively. B. Giving certain tasks to technology willingly. C. Refusing to use AI in daily work completely. D. Giving up independent thinking to AI’s answers. 15. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. Steps managers may take to reduce cognitive surrender. B. Rules for workers to make good use of AI tools at work. C. Results of an experiment testing AI’s calculation ability. D. Reasons why AI users willingly accept incorrect answers. 【答案】12. A 13. B 14. D 15. A 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讨论了计算器和GPS等认知卸载技术对人类思维的影响，并引出AI可能导致“认知投降”的问题及应对方法。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Calculators (计算器) didn’t make everyone poor at math. GPS navigation systems made driving easier. Whenever people discuss the cognitive (认知的) influences of artificial intelligence (AI), these two earlier technologies are likely to come up.(计算器并没有让每个人都数学变差。GPS导航系统让驾驶变得更容易。每当人们讨论人工智能(AI)的认知影响时，这两种早期技术很可能会被提及。)”可知，作者提到计算器和GPS是为了引出AI对人类思维影响的话题。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“In a 2019 study, Mark LaCour and his partners programmed calculators to provide wrong answers for certain problems. Students seldom doubted these slightly incorrect results. Even with clearly unreasonable answers, some accepted them without question.(在2019年的一项研究中，马克·拉库尔和他的合作伙伴对计算器进行编程，使其在某些问题上提供错误答案。学生们很少怀疑这些稍微不准确的结果。即使是明显不合理的答案，有些人也毫不犹豫地接受了。)”可知，拉库尔2019年的实验发现学生倾向于相信错误答案。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Yet AI’s powerful functions, together with its easy-to-use chat interface and its confident manner, may cause people not just to hand over tasks, but to give in completely.(然而，AI强大的功能，加上其易于使用的聊天界面和自信的态度，可能导致人们不仅交出任务，而且完全屈服。)”以及第五段中“Thus comes the idea of ‌“cognitive surrender” (投降), a term coined by Steven Shaw and Gideon Nave from the Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania. In their experiment, volunteers answered demanding questions with AI support. Just like LaCour’s calculator test, researchers randomly introduced errors into the machine’s answers. When AI gave accurate responses, users performed better than those working on their own. But when AI was wrong, the users’ results became much worse: they stopped thinking for themselves.(于是就有了“认知投降”这一概念，这是宾夕法尼亚大学沃顿商学院的史蒂文·肖和吉迪恩·纳夫创造的一个术语。在他们的实验中，志愿者在AI的支持下回答高难度问题。就像拉库尔的计算器测试一样，研究人员随机在机器的答案中引入错误。当AI给出准确回答时，用户的表现比独立作答的人更好。但当AI出错时，用户的结果变得糟糕得多：他们不再自己思考了。)”可知，“认知投降”指的是放弃独立思考，接受AI的答案。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“So what can managers do to encourage cognitive resistance? They can hire workers who enjoy thinking. People with a high need for cognition can partly avoid cognitive surrender, says Mr Shaw. Rewards and feedback can help, too. One experiment offered money rewards and feedback. These methods encouraged AI users who were being fed wrong answers to correct the model more often — though they still did worse than people who relied on their own judgment.(那么，管理者能做什么来鼓励认知抵抗呢?他们可以雇用喜欢思考的员工。肖先生说，认知需求高的人可以部分避免认知投降。奖励和反馈也有帮助。一项实验提供了金钱奖励和反馈。这些方法鼓励了那些被喂以错误答案的AI用户更频繁地纠正模型——尽管他们的表现仍然不如那些依靠自己判断的人。)”可知，最后一段主要讲述管理者可以采取的减少认知投降的措施。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Many teenagers, addicted to mobile phones, stay up late on school nights, just when they are in great need of sufficient sleep. The American Academy of Paediatrics and the American Academy of Sleep Medicine suggest that teens should get eight to ten hours of sleep every night. However, new research discovers that over half of US teens spend at least an hour on their phones between 10 p.m. and 6 a.m. on school nights. ____16____ The lead researcher of the study reports the phenomenon. An independent scholar explained that phone use cuts into sleep time, making it difficult for teenagers to get enough rest, which will negatively influence their daytime behaviour. Sleep shortage has widespread harmful effects. For teenagers whose brains and bodies are still developing, the harm is more serious. Poor rest weakens cognitive functions, making it harder for teens to process and remember information they learn each day. Adolescence (青春期) is a key stage for all kinds of learning. ____17____ Poor sleep also weakens emotional control. In 2013, researchers ran a three-week experiment involving healthy teens aged 14 to 17. The teenagers felt more anxious, angry, confused and tired if they didn’t get enough sleep. Both the teenagers and their parents witnessed increased annoyance and worse emotional management. ____18____ For vulnerable (脆弱的) young people, sleep loss increases risks of depression and anxiety. ____19____ Experts believe parents play a vital role in forming good habits. Parents should set good examples, as their screen habits strongly affect how much teenagers use electronic devices. The American Academy of Paediatrics advises families to make a household media plan to develop healthy screen habits. Useful measures include setting screen-free areas and time limits, arranging offline activities, and keeping devices out of bedrooms. ____20____ Experts stress that nighttime overuse of screens is a family problem rather than only a teenage one. A. Less sleep tends to make teens more bad-tempered. B. It can be challenging for teens to get adequate sleep. C. Such learning ranges from school knowledge to social skills. D. Help is available if you are struggling with mental health matters. E. Solving the problem of nighttime phone use cannot rely on teenagers alone. F. Over half of these teens even use their phones between midnight and 4 a.m. G. A “family media lockbox” is also recommended to help family members avoid electronics. 【答案】16. F 17. C 18. A 19. E 20. G 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了很多青少年熬夜玩手机导致睡眠不足的现象，阐述睡眠不足对青少年认知能力与情绪控制带来的危害，并提出解决夜间过度使用手机问题需要家庭共同努力。 【16题详解】 根据前文“However, new research discovers that over half of US teens spend at least an hour on their phones between 10 p.m. and 6 a.m. on school nights.(然而，新研究发现，超过一半的美国青少年在上学日的晚上10点到早上6点之间至少花一小时玩手机。)”可知空前介绍一项研究数据；空后一句“The lead researcher of the study reports the phenomenon.(该研究的首席研究员报道了这一现象。)”表明继续围绕这项研究现象展开；故推知：空处应该继续补充这项研究的相关数据；选项F“Over half of these teens even use their phones between midnight and 4 a.m.(这些青少年中超过一半的人甚至在午夜到凌晨4点之间使用手机。)”符合原文内容。 【17题详解】 根据前文“Adolescence (青春期) is a key stage for all kinds of learning.(青春期是各类学习的关键阶段。)”可知空前提出青春期是各类学习的关键时期；故推知：空处应对“all kinds of learning”进行解释，说明学习包含哪些内容；选项C“Such learning ranges from school knowledge to social skills.(这类学习涵盖学校知识到社交技能。)”符合原文内容。 【18题详解】 根据前文“Both the teenagers and their parents witnessed increased annoyance and worse emotional management.(青少年自身及其父母都都察觉到（青少年的）烦躁情绪增多，情绪管理能力变差。)”可知空前说明睡眠不足会造成情绪变差；空后一句“For vulnerable young people, sleep loss increases risks of depression and anxiety.(对于脆弱的年轻人来说，睡眠不足会增加抑郁和焦虑的风险。)”继续阐述睡眠缺失带来的情绪方面危害；故推知：空处承接上文，说明睡眠少会让青少年脾气更差；选项A“Less sleep tends to make teens more bad-tempered.(睡眠不足容易让青少年脾气更差。)”符合原文内容。 【19题详解】 根据后文“Experts believe parents play a vital role in forming good habits.(专家认为父母在养成良好习惯方面起到至关重要的作用。)”可知空后开始讲父母的作用，说明解决问题不能只靠青少年自己；本段转入解决对策，故推知：空处为本段主题句，引出解决该问题需要多方参与；选项E“Solving the problem of nighttime phone use cannot rely on teenagers alone.(解决夜间玩手机的问题不能只依靠青少年自己。)”符合原文内容。 【20题详解】 根据前文“Useful measures include setting screen-free areas and time limits, arranging offline activities, and keeping devices out of bedrooms.(有效的措施包括设置无电子屏幕区域、设定时间限制、安排线下活动以及把电子设备放在卧室外。)”可知空前列举了多种家庭管控电子设备的办法；空后一句“Experts stress that nighttime overuse of screens is a family problem rather than only a teenage one.(专家强调夜间过度使用电子屏幕是一个家庭问题，而不仅仅是青少年的问题。)”继续强调家庭共同参与；故推知：空处继续补充一条家庭可用的管控办法；选项G“A “family media lockbox” is also recommended to help family members avoid electronics.(“家庭电子设备上锁收纳箱”也被推荐使用来帮助家庭成员远离电子设备。)”符合原文内容。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In 1983, nineteen-year-old Gita Karmakar rode into a remote tea garden in Bengal on a newly-bought bicycle. Fresh from an 18-month nursing course, she soon realized that her training had ____21____ little of what the village needed. Her journey began with a lesson that had nothing to do with medicine. The settlement was trapped in poverty: girls were married by fifteen, and every ____22____ took place at home. Worst of all, Gita spoke neither of the local languages, so communication became her biggest ____23____. Before treating illnesses, she first had to ____24____ the people. Determined not to remain an outsider, she cycled from village to village, introducing herself to families in mud homes, ____25____ tea and carrying sweets for children. ____26____, familiarity became trust. Then came a ____27____ conversation. A mother admitted that sick children were taken to an ojha (巫医) instead of a doctor. Rather than ____28____ the practice, Gita chose dialogue, showing the ojhas how modern medicine could ____29____ lives. Some ojhas even began sending families to health centres. Gita next ____30____ pregnant mothers to deliver in hospital, often accompanying them herself. The first two returned with ____31____ babies, living proof that hospital births worked. Neighbours noticed, and soon word ____32____. Change gathered strength. Home births dropped to zero, and decades of trust carried the village through the pandemic without a single ____33____. This year, Gita received a national ____34____ award, yet she measures success less by targets than by lives changed. Her bicycle, still in use, reminds us that the greatest transformation begins with the ____35____ to keep showing up: one home, one conversation, one pedal at a time. 21. A. missed B. recorded C. covered D. ignored 22. A. childbirth B. ceremony C. celebration D. conversation 23. A. choice B. comfort C. reward D. challenge 24. A. pick up B. win over C. look after D. rely on 25. A. sharing B. selling C. counting D. hiding 26. A. Suddenly B. Slowly C. Secretly D. Hardly 27. A. casual B. painful C. brief D. critical 28. A. praising B. rejecting C. copying D. minding 29. A. save B. record C. value D. spend 30. A. permitted B. reminded C. persuaded D. warned 31. A. curious B. grateful C. similar D. healthy 32. A. faded B. appeared C. stopped D. spread 33. A. failure B. birth C. death D. absence 34. A. nursing B. science C. training D. education 35. A. courage B. confidence C. willingness D. freedom 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. D 32. D 33. C 34. A 35. C 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述护士Gita深入偏远茶园乡村，慢慢获得村民信任并改善当地医疗状况的故事。 【21题详解】 考查动词。句意：刚完成18个月的护理课程，她很快意识到她所学的培训内容几乎没有涵盖这个村庄所需要的东西。A. missed错过；B. recorded记录；C. covered涵盖，包含；D. ignored忽视。根据下文“little of what the village needed.”可知，护理课程所学内容无法满足村庄实际需求。 【22题详解】 考查名词。句意：这个定居点深陷贫困：女孩十五岁就结婚，而且每一次分娩都在家里进行。A. childbirth分娩；B. ceremony仪式；C. celebration庆祝；D. conversation交谈。根据上文“girls were married by fifteen”以及下文“pregnant mothers to deliver”可知，孕妇在家生孩子。 【23题详解】 考查名词。句意：最糟糕的是，吉塔不会说当地的两种语言，所以沟通成了她最大的挑战。A. choice选择；B. comfort安慰；C. reward回报；D. challenge挑战。根据上文“Worst of all, Gita spoke neither of the local languages”可知，不会本地语言，沟通困难，属于挑战。 【24题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：在治疗疾病之前，她首先必须赢得人们的信任。A. pick up捡起，学会；B. win over争取过来，赢得支持；C. look after照顾；D. rely on依靠。根据下文“ Determined not to remain an outsider, she cycled from village to village, introducing herself to families in mud homes”和“became trust”可知，要赢得村民的信任。 【25题详解】 考查动词。句意：她骑着自行车穿梭各个村庄，在土坯房里向家庭介绍自己，分享茶水，还给孩子们带糖果。A. sharing分享；B. selling售卖；C. counting数；D. hiding隐藏。根据下文“carrying sweets for children”可知，她和村民友好相处，分享茶水拉近关系。 【26题详解】 考查副词。句意：慢慢地，熟悉变成了信任。A. Suddenly突然；B. Slowly慢慢地；C. Secretly秘密地；D. Hardly几乎不。根据上文“she cycled from village to village, introducing herself to families in mud homes, ____ tea and carrying sweets for children.”可知，走访、相处是循序渐进的过程，信任慢慢建立。 【27题详解】 考查形容词。句意：之后有一次至关重要的谈话。A. casual随意的；B. painful痛苦的；C. brief简短的；D. critical关键的，至关重要的。根据下文“A mother admitted that sick children were taken to an ojha (巫医) instead of a doctor.”可知，这次谈话让她了解村民找巫医看病，是改变现状的关键对话。 【28题详解】 考查动词。句意：吉塔没有拒绝这种做法，而是选择沟通，向巫医展示现代医学如何挽救生命。A. praising赞扬；B. rejecting拒绝；C. copying复制；D. minding介意。根据下文“Gita chose dialogue”可知她选择对话交流，说明没有否定、拒绝巫医的做法。 【29题详解】 考查动词。句意：吉塔没有拒绝这种做法，而是选择沟通，向巫医展示现代医学如何挽救生命。A. save拯救；B. record记录；C. value珍视；D. spend花费。根据上文“how modern medicine”可知，向巫医展示现代医学如何挽救生命。save lives为固定搭配，意为挽救生命。 【30题详解】 考查动词。句意：接下来吉塔劝说孕妇去医院分娩，常常亲自陪同她们前往。A. permitted允许；B. reminded提醒；C. persuaded劝说；D. warned警告。根据下文“often accompanying them herself.”可知，原本村民在家分娩，她劝说孕妇到医院生产。 【31题详解】 考查形容词。句意：前两名孕妇抱着健康的婴儿回来，这就是医院分娩有效的活生生的证据。A. curious好奇的；B. grateful感激的；C. similar相似的；D. healthy健康的。根据下文“living proof that hospital births worked.”可知，医院分娩成功，婴儿身体健康，证明医院分娩的好处。 【32题详解】 考查动词。句意：邻居们注意到了这件事，很快消息传播开来。A. faded消退；B. appeared出现；C. stopped停止；D. spread传播。根据上文“Neighbours noticed”可知，消息传播开来。 【33题详解】 考查名词。句意：在家分娩的情况降为零，数十年建立起来的信任帮助村庄熬过疫情，没有一例死亡。A. failure失败；B. birth出生；C. death死亡；D. absence缺席。根据上文“Home births dropped to zero”可知，依托完善的医疗保障，全村没有出现死亡病例。 【34题详解】 考查名词。句意：今年，吉塔获得一项全国护理奖项，但她衡量成功的标准不是目标，而是被改变的生命。A. nursing护理；B. science科学；C. training培训；D. education教育。根据常识以及上文“Fresh from an 18-month nursing course”可知，Gita是护士，所以获得护理相关奖项。 【35题详解】 考查名词。句意：她那辆仍在使用的自行车提醒我们，最大的改变始于愿意不断出现的这份心意：一户家庭，一次交谈，一脚踏板，循序渐进。A. courage勇气；B. confidence信心；C. willingness意愿；D. freedom自由。根据上文“In 1983, nineteen-year-old Gita Karmakar rode into a remote tea garden in Bengal on a newly-bought bicycle”可知，指她愿意坚持上门服务。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The term “China Haul” (中国购物潮) has become popular on social media. It ____36____ (refer) to a growing trend where foreign travelers buy large amounts of Chinese products during their visits and share their shopping experiences online. From stylish clothing ____37____ smart electronic devices, these goods are often praised for their good quality and reasonable prices. Many visitors say that shopping in China is more than ____38____ (simple) buying things. It is a way to experience local life. They visit night markets, department stores and small shops, ____39____ (talk) with sellers and learning about Chinese culture. Some even travel to Yiwu and Shenzhen, ____40____ are known for making and selling goods, just to choose products for their families and friends. The trend ____41____ (bring) unexpected benefits to both China and the world in recent years. It helps foreign ____42____ (tourist) discover what China has to offer, and it also encourages cultural exchange. At the same time, Chinese sellers are working harder than before ____43____ (improve) their service and design. However, “China Haul” is not just about shopping. It shows how modern China is connected with the ____44____ (globe) market. For young people, it is also ____45____ reminder that we should be proud of our culture and share it with confidence. 【答案】36. refers 37. to 38. simply 39. talking 40. which 41. has brought 42. tourists 43. to improve 44. global 45. a 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了社交媒体上流行的“中国购物潮”，介绍了它的含义、外国人来华购物体验，以及这一热潮给中国和世界带来的好处与文化意义。 【36题详解】 考查时态。句意：它指的是一种日益增长的趋势，外国游客在访问期间大量购买中国产品，并在网上分享他们的购物经历。描述客观情况，用一般现在时；主语It是第三人称单数，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式refers。 【37题详解】 考查介词。句意：从时髦的服装到智能电子设备，这些商品常常因质量好、价格合理而受到称赞。固定搭配from…to…意为“从……到……”。 【38题详解】 考查副词。句意：许多游客说，在中国购物不仅仅是买东西。空格后是动名词短语buying things，需要副词修饰；simple是形容词，表示“简单的”，副词形式simply意为“仅仅，简单地”。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他们逛夜市、百货商店和小店，和卖家交谈，了解中国文化。句子主语They和talk之间是主动关系，和后面learning并列，使用现在分词talking作伴随状语。 【40题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：有些人甚至专程前往以商品生产和销售闻名的义乌和深圳，只为给家人和朋友挑选商品。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Yiwu and Shenzhen（指物），关系代词在从句中作主语，用关系代词which引导。 【41题详解】 考查时态。句意：近年来，这一趋势给中国和世界都带来了意想不到的好处。时间状语in recent years是现在完成时的标志；主语The trend为单数，现在完成时用has brought。 【42题详解】 考查名词。句意：它帮助外国游客发现中国所能提供的东西，同时也促进文化交流。tourist是可数名词，表示“游客”，此处表示泛指，用复数形式tourists。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：与此同时，中国卖家比以往更加努力来改善他们的服务和设计。此处用动词不定式to improve作目的状语，表示“为了……”。 【44题详解】 考查形容词。句意：它展示了现代中国如何与全球市场相连。空格后名词market需要形容词修饰；globe是名词，表示“地球，全球”；形容词global意为“全球的”。 【45题详解】 考查冠词。句意：对年轻人来说，这也是一个提醒：我们应当为我们的文化感到自豪，并自信地分享它。reminder是可数名词单数，发音以辅音音素开头，此处表示泛指“一个提醒”，用不定冠词a。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你校英文报正在开展“名人名言进教室”Famous Quotes in Classrooms 征集活动。请你推荐一句名人名言，内容包括： （1）推荐的名人名言； （2）阐述理由。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 The famous quote I’d like to recommend is _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 The famous quote I’d like to recommend is “Great works are performed not by strength, but by perseverance” by Samuel Johnson. This saying conveys a powerful message: as long as we hold firm determination, nothing can defeat us. Whenever we encounter academic setbacks, it can remind us not to give up easily. What impresses me most is that it stresses the strength of willpower rather than talent. Placed in our classroom, it will inspire every student to stick to their goals. I hold the firm belief that this quote deserves to be put up on our classroom wall. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生就你校英文报正在开展的“名人名言进教室”Famous Quotes in Classrooms的征集活动推荐一句名人名言。 【详解】1.词汇积累 激励：inspire→motivate 遇到：encounter→meet with 强调：stress→emphasize 坚持： stick to →adhere to 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Placed in our classroom, it will inspire every student to stick to our goals. 拓展句：If it is placed in our classroom, it will inspire every student to stick to our goals. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Whenever we encounter academic setbacks, it can remind us not to give up easily. (运用了whenever引导的时间状语从句) 【高分句型2】What impresses me most is that it stresses the strength of willpower rather than talent. (运用了what引导的主语从句和that引导的表语从句) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 School is one of the most memorable experiences of our life. It’s a moment when we meet new families called “classmates”. At first, they are strangers, then classmates, then friends, then best friends, and so on. I study at Ovom Girls High School in Aba City. My years in Ovom Girls are priceless because it’s the place where I grew up and where my youthful life began. I found the Beautiful With Brain — my group of friends, and that’s the name we are known for. In this group, we experience a lot of things together; we study together and sit together. We have good connections with each other, even with our occasional lapses (失误). The most memorable moment in school was in my last year, when an examination was to be conducted for all graduating students. This exam was not just another test; it was a chance to be recognized (认可) among the best, with the top three performers from each class earning special awards. Our class teacher then announced that only those who had performed well in previous exams would have the opportunity to participate. As the days passed, anticipation (期待) built. When the list of examinees was finally announced, I, together with my group of friends, was extremely excited to find all our names on the list. To celebrate it, we decided to have a small gathering right after school. We rushed to the school cafeteria, bought our favorite snacks and drinks, found a corner and sat together, chatting about the upcoming examination. We shared our hopes and fears, and my friends offered me words of encouragement and support. They reminded me of all the times when we had studied together and how much I had improved over the years. We laughed and joked, trying to ease (缓解) the tension that was building up. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The next day, we worked out a study schedule for the exam. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ On the morning of the exam, we gathered one last time. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 The next day, we worked out a study schedule for the exam. We divided our time wisely among different subjects. We also decided to meet in the library every evening to review together, helping each other with difficult questions and sharing our understanding of the topics. This way, we could clarify our doubts and reinforce our learning. With our combined efforts, we felt more confident and prepared for the exam. The days passed quickly, and soon it was the eve of the exam. We went to bed early, ensuring we were well-rested for the big day ahead. On the morning of the exam, we gathered one last time. We exchanged words of encouragement and hugs. Entering the examination hall, we felt a mix of excitement and nervousness. We focused on each question, recalling the knowledge we had reviewed together. When the exam ended, we walked out with smiles, relieved and proud of our efforts. Later, we were delighted to learn that all of us had done exceptionally well. That evening, we celebrated our success, grateful for the friendships and memories we had created during our school days. 【解析】 【导语】本文以“我”在学校的经历为线索，讲述了“我”与朋友们共同学习、成长，并一起为即将到来的考试制定复习计划的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“第二天，我们为考试制定了一个学习计划。”可知，第一段可描写我们如何分配学习时间，决定在图书馆一起复习，互相帮助解决难题，共同加深对知识点的理解，以及我们对考试的准备和期待。 ②由第二段首句内容“考试当天早上，我们最后一次聚在一起。”可知，第二段可描写我们相互鼓励、拥抱，进入考场时的紧张与兴奋，考试过程中的专注与回忆，考试结束后的轻松与自豪，以及得知成绩后的喜悦与庆祝。 2.续写线索：制定学习计划——互相帮助——相互鼓励——进入考场——考试结束——庆祝成功 3.词汇激活： 行为类： ①复习：review/go over ②帮助：help/assist ③确保：ensure/guarantee/make sure 情绪类： ①紧张：nervousness/strain ②高兴的：delighted/pleased/glad 【点睛】[高分句型1] We also decided to meet in the library every evening to review together, helping each other with difficult questions and sharing our understanding of the topics.(运用了现在分词作伴随状语) [高分句型2] When the exam ended, we walked out with smiles, relieved and proud of our efforts. (运用了从属连词when引导时间状语从句) [高分句型3] That evening, we celebrated our success, grateful for the friendships and memories we had created during our school days.(运用了省略关系代词的限制性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026—2027学年度第一学期高二第一次教学质量监测 英语 试题 2026-10-16 温馨提示：请将答案写在答题卡上；考试时间为120分钟，满分120分。 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Volunteers Wanted: Community Reading Buddies Do you love stories? Do you enjoy helping others? The Riverside Community Center is looking for responsible high school students to join our Community Reading Buddies program. This program is designed to connect teenagers with primary school children who need extra reading practice and friendly encouragement. What You’ll Do Our program pairs teenage volunteers with children aged 7 to 11. Many children in our neighborhood do not have easy access to books or quiet study spaces at home. As a reading companion, you will listen to them read, help with difficult words, and discuss stories in a relaxing way. More importantly, you will encourage them to build confidence and discover the joy of reading. You do not need to be a perfect reader. What matters is your patience and willingness to listen. Time & Training Volunteers are required to commit two hours every Saturday afternoon, from 2:00 to 4:00, starting on March 8. The program will last for ten weeks. Training will be provided on March 1, where you will learn simple reading strategies and how to communicate with younger children. No teaching experience is needed, but patience and a warm heart are necessary. Volunteers who complete the program will receive a certificate (证书) and valuable social experience. Why Join Us Volunteering is not only about giving. You will improve your communication skills, make new friends, and gain a sense of achievement. Many former volunteers say the children taught them as much as they taught the children. Besides, it is a wonderful way to spend your weekend meaningfully. How to Apply To apply, fill out the form on our website by February 25. Applicants may be invited to a short interview. If you have any questions, call Ms. Chen at 555-0136 or email readingbuddies@riverside.org. Places are limited, so early application is encouraged. Come and share the magic of reading. Your time can light up a child’s world. 1. What are volunteers expected to do in the program? A. Teach children how to write stories. B. Guide children through reading activities. C. Organize a book fair for primary schools. D. Donate storybooks to the community center. 2. What reward can volunteers get after finishing the whole program? A. Free books for ten weeks. B. A certificate and social experience. C. A chance to work as a primary teacher. D. Additional money from the community. 3. What is the main purpose of the text? A. To advertise a new community library. B. To introduce different ways of reading. C. To call on high school students to volunteer. D. To explain an application for a primary school. B In 1996, 26-year-old Dr. Gladys Kalema-Zikusoka became Uganda’s first wildlife doctor for animals. Just nine months later, a big problem hit Uganda’s rare mountain gorillas (大猩猩). A strange skin disease spread in the forest. The gorillas lost their hair, got dry white skin, and scratched their bodies nonstop. One baby gorilla almost lost all its fur. Dr. Gladys wanted to find the cause. She asked her doctor friend about common sicknesses in poor villages nearby. They found it was scabies (疥疮) — a small bug (虫子) infection caused by bad cleanliness. Her team treated the gorillas, but the sick baby died. They found the disease came from old clothes with bugs at the park edge. This showed people’s actions made the gentle gorillas sick. “I learned we can’t protect gorillas if we don’t help the people living near them stay healthy,” Dr. Gladys said. In 2003, she started a group called Conservation Through Public Health (CTPH). This group helps over 50,000 local people. It also made Uganda’s gorilla population grow by more than 50%. Dr. Gladys loved animals when she was 8. She saw her neighbor’s monkey play the piano. “They are so much like humans,” she thought. She studied to be an animal doctor in London. In 1994, she worked at Bwindi Impenetrable National Park. There, she looked into a gorilla’s eyes. The gorilla was calm and smart. She felt a strong bond with it. At that time, only 600 mountain gorillas were left in the world. She promised to save them. Now, CTPH helps villages and protects nature together. Village health workers teach people to keep clean and stop diseases. This keeps both people and gorillas healthy. “Gorilla Guardians” guide wandering gorillas safely back to the forest. They also help people who hunted illegally become park workers or farmers. Today, the results are amazing. Now, 1,049 mountain gorillas live worldwide. They are no longer “critically endangered” — only “endangered”. This is a big win for protecting animals. 4. Why did Dr. Gladys start CTPH? A. To study monkeys. B. To teach the piano. C. To build more parks. D. To help people and gorillas. 5. What inspired Dr. Gladys’ interest in animals at an early age? A. The sight of sick young gorillas losing their fur. B. A close meeting with a gorilla in the Bwindi forest. C. Lessons about wildlife protection at her London school. D. A neighbor’s monkey interacting with a musical instrument. 6. What is one duty of the “Gorilla Guardians”? A. Train local health teams on disease control. B. Help lost gorillas back to their natural habitat. C. Check villagers’ clothes for harmful tiny insects. D. Offer medical treatment for sick mountain gorillas. 7. What can we learn from Dr. Gladys’ story? A. Being a doctor is well-paid. B. Wild animals are easy to save. C. Helping people is helping nature. D. Gorillas are “critically endangered” today. C Plastic pollution has become one of the most pressing environmental issues of the century. According to the International Union for Conservation of Nature, more than 460 million tons of plastic are produced every year. About 20 million tons of plastic litter end up in the environment annually, and this amount is expected to increase significantly by 2040. Moreover, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development reported that in 2019, the life-cycle emissions (排放) of plastics, including production and disposal (处理), amounted to 1.8 billion tons, or around 3 percent of global greenhouse gas emissions. Against this backdrop, eco-friendly bamboo is developing as a promising renewable replacement. China is the world’s largest bamboo producer. According to the National Forestry and Grassland Administration, the country is home to approximately 7.56 million hectares of bamboo forests. It also owns a cutting-edge processing technology system and a complete industrial chain. The shift has been driven by a combination of policy support and market demand. In 2022, China partnered with the International Bamboo and Rattan Organization to launch the Bamboo as a Substitute for Plastic project. The following year, the National Development and Reform Commission issued a three-year action plan to speed up the movement. This was followed up by a supportive standards system from the administration in 2024, which covered 140 items in nine categories. Bamboo, a plant long associated with rural life and traditional crafts, is increasingly being used to make products that were once the domain of plastic: food containers, packaging materials, and even industrial components for vehicles. Chinese researchers and producers have developed a bio-based bamboo fiber material that is naturally antibacterial, lightweight, and strong enough to replace plastic in many food packaging applications. It is being molded into egg containers, takeaway boxes, and supermarket packaging. It offers the same cost-performance level as plastic, but without the environmental cost. As policy support, industrial capacity, and market demand continue to work together, bamboo is well positioned to move from a traditional material to a mainstream solution in the global fight against plastic pollution. 8. What can be learned about plastic from the first two paragraphs? A. Its emissions come mainly from disposal. B. Its output will be reduced significantly soon. C. Its pollution is growing and its emissions are considerable. D. Its emissions are the main part of global greenhouse gases. 9. Why can bamboo serve as a promising replacement for plastic in China? A. For its growing popularity. B. For its simple processing techniques. C. For the low price and convenient transportation. D. For rich resources and complete industrial systems. 10. What does the underlined word “domain” in paragraph 5 most probably mean? A. Field. B. Design. C. Price. D. Benefit. 11. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Bamboo Ends Plastic Pollution B. Bamboo Leads the World Market C. Bamboo: A Green Solution to Plastic Pollution D. Bamboo: Advantages Outweigh Disadvantages D Calculators (计算器) didn’t make everyone poor at math. GPS navigation systems made driving easier. Whenever people discuss the cognitive (认知的) influences of artificial intelligence (AI), these two earlier technologies are likely to come up. Each offers a useful entry point for two big questions: How might AI reshape human thinking, and what actions should managers take in response? Calculators and GPS are typical examples of “cognitive offloading” — handing over specific tasks to technology. In both cases, the benefits are clear. Calculators boost students’ math and problem-solving skills, while GPS saves drivers from map-checking for smoother travel. However, there are also drawbacks. In a 2019 study, Mark LaCour and his partners programmed calculators to provide wrong answers for certain problems. Students seldom doubted these slightly incorrect results. Even with clearly unreasonable answers, some accepted them without question. GPS use can also weaken people’s ability to think independently. AI makes these trade-offs stronger. It is reasonable to let AI finish certain tasks, since AI beats humans in many fields. Yet AI’s powerful functions, together with its easy-to-use chat interface and its confident manner, may cause people not just to hand over tasks, but to give in completely. Thus comes the idea of “cognitive surrender” (投降), a term coined by Steven Shaw and Gideon Nave from the Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania. In their experiment, volunteers answered demanding questions with AI support. Just like LaCour’s calculator test, researchers randomly introduced errors into the machine’s answers. When AI gave accurate responses, users performed better than those working on their own. But when AI was wrong, the users’ results became much worse: they stopped thinking for themselves. So what can managers do to encourage cognitive resistance? They can hire workers who enjoy thinking. People with a high need for cognition can partly avoid cognitive surrender, says Mr Shaw. Rewards and feedback can help, too. One experiment offered money rewards and feedback. These methods encouraged AI users who were being fed wrong answers to correct the model more often — though they still did worse than people who relied on their own judgment. Offloading is fine. Giving in is another matter. 12. Why does the author mention calculators and GPS in paragraph 1? A. To introduce AI’s effect on thinking. B. To compare traditional tools with AI. C. To show technology makes people lazier. D. To prove old technology harms cognition. 13. What was the finding of LaCour’s 2019 experiment on students? A. They hated calculators for math tasks. B. They tended to believe wrong answers. C. They did much better without calculators. D. They frequently doubted calculator results. 14. What does “cognitive surrender” refer to in the text? A. Encouraging independent thinking actively. B. Giving certain tasks to technology willingly. C. Refusing to use AI in daily work completely. D. Giving up independent thinking to AI’s answers. 15. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. Steps managers may take to reduce cognitive surrender. B. Rules for workers to make good use of AI tools at work. C. Results of an experiment testing AI’s calculation ability. D. Reasons why AI users willingly accept incorrect answers. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Many teenagers, addicted to mobile phones, stay up late on school nights, just when they are in great need of sufficient sleep. The American Academy of Paediatrics and the American Academy of Sleep Medicine suggest that teens should get eight to ten hours of sleep every night. However, new research discovers that over half of US teens spend at least an hour on their phones between 10 p.m. and 6 a.m. on school nights. ____16____ The lead researcher of the study reports the phenomenon. An independent scholar explained that phone use cuts into sleep time, making it difficult for teenagers to get enough rest, which will negatively influence their daytime behaviour. Sleep shortage has widespread harmful effects. For teenagers whose brains and bodies are still developing, the harm is more serious. Poor rest weakens cognitive functions, making it harder for teens to process and remember information they learn each day. Adolescence (青春期) is a key stage for all kinds of learning. ____17____ Poor sleep also weakens emotional control. In 2013, researchers ran a three-week experiment involving healthy teens aged 14 to 17. The teenagers felt more anxious, angry, confused and tired if they didn’t get enough sleep. Both the teenagers and their parents witnessed increased annoyance and worse emotional management. ____18____ For vulnerable (脆弱的) young people, sleep loss increases risks of depression and anxiety. ____19____ Experts believe parents play a vital role in forming good habits. Parents should set good examples, as their screen habits strongly affect how much teenagers use electronic devices. The American Academy of Paediatrics advises families to make a household media plan to develop healthy screen habits. Useful measures include setting screen-free areas and time limits, arranging offline activities, and keeping devices out of bedrooms. ____20____ Experts stress that nighttime overuse of screens is a family problem rather than only a teenage one. A. Less sleep tends to make teens more bad-tempered. B. It can be challenging for teens to get adequate sleep. C. Such learning ranges from school knowledge to social skills. D. Help is available if you are struggling with mental health matters. E. Solving the problem of nighttime phone use cannot rely on teenagers alone. F. Over half of these teens even use their phones between midnight and 4 a.m. G. A “family media lockbox” is also recommended to help family members avoid electronics. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In 1983, nineteen-year-old Gita Karmakar rode into a remote tea garden in Bengal on a newly-bought bicycle. Fresh from an 18-month nursing course, she soon realized that her training had ____21____ little of what the village needed. Her journey began with a lesson that had nothing to do with medicine. The settlement was trapped in poverty: girls were married by fifteen, and every ____22____ took place at home. Worst of all, Gita spoke neither of the local languages, so communication became her biggest ____23____. Before treating illnesses, she first had to ____24____ the people. Determined not to remain an outsider, she cycled from village to village, introducing herself to families in mud homes, ____25____ tea and carrying sweets for children. ____26____, familiarity became trust. Then came a ____27____ conversation. A mother admitted that sick children were taken to an ojha (巫医) instead of a doctor. Rather than ____28____ the practice, Gita chose dialogue, showing the ojhas how modern medicine could ____29____ lives. Some ojhas even began sending families to health centres. Gita next ____30____ pregnant mothers to deliver in hospital, often accompanying them herself. The first two returned with ____31____ babies, living proof that hospital births worked. Neighbours noticed, and soon word ____32____. Change gathered strength. Home births dropped to zero, and decades of trust carried the village through the pandemic without a single ____33____. This year, Gita received a national ____34____ award, yet she measures success less by targets than by lives changed. Her bicycle, still in use, reminds us that the greatest transformation begins with the ____35____ to keep showing up: one home, one conversation, one pedal at a time. 21. A. missed B. recorded C. covered D. ignored 22. A. childbirth B. ceremony C. celebration D. conversation 23. A. choice B. comfort C. reward D. challenge 24. A. pick up B. win over C. look after D. rely on 25. A. sharing B. selling C. counting D. hiding 26. A. Suddenly B. Slowly C. Secretly D. Hardly 27. A. casual B. painful C. brief D. critical 28. A. praising B. rejecting C. copying D. minding 29. A. save B. record C. value D. spend 30. A. permitted B. reminded C. persuaded D. warned 31. A. curious B. grateful C. similar D. healthy 32. A. faded B. appeared C. stopped D. spread 33. A. failure B. birth C. death D. absence 34. A. nursing B. science C. training D. education 35. A. courage B. confidence C. willingness D. freedom 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The term “China Haul” (中国购物潮) has become popular on social media. It ____36____ (refer) to a growing trend where foreign travelers buy large amounts of Chinese products during their visits and share their shopping experiences online. From stylish clothing ____37____ smart electronic devices, these goods are often praised for their good quality and reasonable prices. Many visitors say that shopping in China is more than ____38____ (simple) buying things. It is a way to experience local life. They visit night markets, department stores and small shops, ____39____ (talk) with sellers and learning about Chinese culture. Some even travel to Yiwu and Shenzhen, ____40____ are known for making and selling goods, just to choose products for their families and friends. The trend ____41____ (bring) unexpected benefits to both China and the world in recent years. It helps foreign ____42____ (tourist) discover what China has to offer, and it also encourages cultural exchange. At the same time, Chinese sellers are working harder than before ____43____ (improve) their service and design. However, “China Haul” is not just about shopping. It shows how modern China is connected with the ____44____ (globe) market. For young people, it is also ____45____ reminder that we should be proud of our culture and share it with confidence. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你校英文报正在开展“名人名言进教室”Famous Quotes in Classrooms 征集活动。请你推荐一句名人名言，内容包括： （1）推荐的名人名言； （2）阐述理由。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 The famous quote I’d like to recommend is _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 School is one of the most memorable experiences of our life. It’s a moment when we meet new families called “classmates”. At first, they are strangers, then classmates, then friends, then best friends, and so on. I study at Ovom Girls High School in Aba City. My years in Ovom Girls are priceless because it’s the place where I grew up and where my youthful life began. I found the Beautiful With Brain — my group of friends, and that’s the name we are known for. In this group, we experience a lot of things together; we study together and sit together. We have good connections with each other, even with our occasional lapses (失误). The most memorable moment in school was in my last year, when an examination was to be conducted for all graduating students. This exam was not just another test; it was a chance to be recognized (认可) among the best, with the top three performers from each class earning special awards. Our class teacher then announced that only those who had performed well in previous exams would have the opportunity to participate. As the days passed, anticipation (期待) built. When the list of examinees was finally announced, I, together with my group of friends, was extremely excited to find all our names on the list. To celebrate it, we decided to have a small gathering right after school. We rushed to the school cafeteria, bought our favorite snacks and drinks, found a corner and sat together, chatting about the upcoming examination. We shared our hopes and fears, and my friends offered me words of encouragement and support. They reminded me of all the times when we had studied together and how much I had improved over the years. We laughed and joked, trying to ease (缓解) the tension that was building up. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The next day, we worked out a study schedule for the exam. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ On the morning of the exam, we gathered one last time. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $