学考清单02 阅读主题高频词汇（知识清单汇总版）(浙江专用）高中英语学业水平考试合格考总复习

学考清单02 阅读主题高频词汇 主题一 科技创新与人工智能类（高频指数★★★★★） 2026年首考D篇（AI分析植物根系优化固碳）集中出现了跨学科科技词汇，且同一语义场内的近义词密集出现。本主题词汇需与“环保”“自然科学”联动记忆。 词汇 词性 中文释义 真题语境/溯源 algorithm n. 算法 2026首考C篇：use algorithms to weed out fake reviews artificial intelligence 短语 人工智能 AI 助力植物固碳（2026首考D篇） automate v. 使自动化 自动化生产语境 computer vision 短语 计算机视觉 2026首考D篇：computer vision, deep learning crucial adj. 至关重要的 2026首考D篇：crucial = vital deep learning 短语 深度学习 2026首考D篇 digital adj. 数字的 digital products（高频） dimension n. 维度；方面 多维度分析语境 efficiency n. 效率 improve efficiency enhance v. 增强，提高 2026首考D篇：enhance root systems innovation n. 创新 innovation drives growth interdisciplinary adj. 跨学科的 2026首考D篇：interdisciplinary = cross-disciplinary mechanical adj. 机械的 mechanical part navigation n. 导航 real-time navigation optimization n. 优化 2026首考D篇：optimization phenotype n. 表型 2026首考D篇：plant phenotypes procedure n. 程序，步骤 2026首考D篇：procedure track v. 追踪；监测 2026首考D篇：track multiple features（熟词生义：监测生长特征） virtual adj. 虚拟的 virtual reality 高频词块：`team up with`（与……合作，2026首考D篇）；`apply to`（应用于）；`carbon removal`（碳移除，2026首考D篇）；`put sth on equal footing`（使……处于平等地位，2026首考D篇） 同义转述标注：`crucial = vital = essential = key`；`interdisciplinary = cross-disciplinary = integrative`；`team up with = cooperate with = collaborate with` 主题二 社会经济与消费行为类（高频指数★★★★☆） 2026年首考C篇（虚假评论研究）属于“消费信息真实性”子话题，经济类词汇常与营销、信任、欺骗语义场交织。 词汇 词性 中文释义 真题语境/溯源 accelerate v. 加速，促进 accelerate economic growth allocate v. 分配，分派 allocate resources assume v. 假定，认为 2026首考C篇：tend to assume bankrupt adj./v. 破产的 go bankrupt believable adj. 可信的 2026首考C篇：believability（可信度） boost v./n. 推动，提升 boost sales budget n./v. 预算 government budget convince v. 使信服 2026首考C篇：make a fake review convincing dispassionate adj. 不带感情的，冷静的 2026首考C篇：dispassionate = unemotional fake adj. 虚假的 2026首考C篇：fake reviews marketing tool 短语 营销工具 2026首考C篇 prosperity n. 繁荣 long-term prosperity recession n. 经济衰退 economic recession subject n. 受试者，实验对象 2026首考C篇：study subjects（熟词生义） suspicious adj. 可疑的；怀疑的 2026首考C篇：regarded as suspicious urbanization n. 城市化 rapid urbanization weed out 短语 剔除，清除 2026首考C篇：weed out fake reviews word of mouth 短语 口碑 2026首考C篇 同义转述标注：`dispassionate = unemotional = objective = impersonal`；`weed out = remove = eliminate = get rid of`；`suspicious = doubtful = skeptical = unconvinced` 主题三 健康医疗与生活方式类（高频指数★★★★☆） 学考阅读中的健康类语篇词汇难度通常低于科技类，但 “症状—诊断—治疗—预防”的语义链条完整，设问常落在因果与建议上。2026年首考听力也出现了`phone addiction`（手机成瘾）、`fitness club`（健身俱乐部）等生活方式词汇。 词汇 词性 中文释义 真题语境/溯源 addicted adj. 上瘾的 2026首考：addicted to；phone addiction（手机成瘾） alleviate v. 减轻，缓和 alleviate pain/stress bacteria n. 细菌（复数） harmful bacteria balanced adj. 均衡的 balanced nutrition diagnose v. 诊断 diagnose a disease immune adj. 免疫的 immune system / be immune to mental health 短语 心理健康 Pay attention to mental health. nutrition n. 营养 balanced nutrition symptom n. 症状 common symptoms of a cold workout n. 锻炼 2026首考：keep up the workout routine（坚持日常锻炼） well-being n. 身心健康 mental well-being 高频词块：`be immune to`（对……免疫）；`keep up the workout routine`（坚持日常锻炼，2026首考）；`adopt a healthy lifestyle`（采取健康生活方式）；`short-lived`（短暂的，2026首考听力） 主题四 态度观点与评价类（高频指数★★★★★） 首考阅读区分度最高的“隐形主题” 。几乎每一篇阅读都有一道题落在“作者/研究者的态度”上，而选项往往不是原文态度的原词，而是情感倾向的概括转述。 积极正面：`optimistic`（乐观的）；`supportive`（支持的）；`sympathetic`（赞同的，2026首考B篇，= supportive）；`admiring`（赞赏的）；`favorable`（赞许的）；`promising`（有前途的）；`glowing`（赞不绝口的，2026首考C篇：glowing reviews） 消极负面：`pessimistic`（悲观的）；`critical`（批判的）；`skeptical`（怀疑的）；`oppose`（反对）；`disapproving`（不赞成的）；`suspicious`（可疑的，2026首考C篇） 客观中立：`neutral`（中立的）；`objective`（客观的）；`impartial`（不偏不倚的）；`disinterested`（无私的） 同义转述标注：`sympathetic = supportive`（2026首考B篇，真题溯源：2020新高考I卷 favorable = agreeable）；`critical = disapproving`；`skeptical = doubtful = unconvinced` 主题五 环保与可持续发展类（高频指数★★★★☆） 2026年首考D篇“植物固碳”横跨科技创新与环保两个主题，是“跨主题融合”的典型样本。环保类词汇必须与科技类联动记忆。 词汇 词性 中文释义 真题语境/溯源 absorb v. 吸收 2026首考D篇：absorb carbon dioxide carbon n. 碳 2026首考D篇：carbon removal / carbon dioxide climate change 短语 气候变化 2026首考D篇：fight climate change conservation n. 保护 wildlife conservation ecosystem n. 生态系统 protect the ecosystem emission n. 排放（物） carbon emissions endangered adj. 濒危的 endangered species renewable adj. 可再生的 renewable energy root system 短语 根系 2026首考D篇：enhance root systems storage n. 储存 2026首考D篇：carbon storage sustainable adj. 可持续的 sustainable development 高频词块：`carbon removal`（碳移除，2026首考D篇）；`natural capacity`（自然能力，2026首考D篇）；`absorb carbon dioxide`（吸收二氧化碳） 主题六 教育学习与校园生活类（高频指数★★★★☆） 2026年首考B篇（教师教学理念）和七选五（阅读回读策略）都属于此主题。教育类词汇的特点是 “教”与“学”两侧成对出现，阅读时需迅速判断动作的发出者。 词汇 词性 中文释义 真题语境/溯源 abstract adj. 抽象的 2026首考B篇：abstract concepts assessment n. 评估 2026首考听力：assessment（评估） assign v. 布置；分配 2026首考听力：assign homework comprehend v. 理解 2026首考七选五：comprehend = understand contextualize v. 将……置于情境中 2026首考B篇：contextualize = illustrate curriculum n. 课程体系 update the curriculum engagement n. 参与度 2026首考B篇：build engagement literacy n. 读写能力；素养 digital literacy misconception n. 误解 2026首考B篇：battle student misconceptions（纠正误解） motivate v. 激励 motivate students philosophy n. 理念；信条 2026首考B篇：more of a philosophy（熟词生义） regression n. 回读；后退 2026首考七选五：regression（回读现象） relevant adj. 相关的 2026首考B篇：relevant to the real world 同义转述标注：`misconception = false assumption = myth = misunderstanding`；`contextualize = illustrate = demonstrate`；`comprehend = understand = grasp = figure out` 主题七 旅游交通与地理类（新增·高频指数★★★☆☆） 2021年全国甲卷、2023年新课标卷均出现过旅游交通类阅读。学考A篇应用文（活动通知、旅游指南）也常涉及此主题。 词汇 词性 中文释义 真题语境/溯源 access n./v. 通道；进入 2025A篇：access to（接近；有权使用） accommodation n. 住宿 book accommodation attraction n. 景点 tourist attraction destination n. 目的地 popular destination domestic adj. 国内的 domestic tourism itinerary n. 行程 travel itinerary landscape n. 风景，地貌 natural landscape peak season 短语 旺季 travel in peak season souvenir n. 纪念品 buy souvenirs tourism n. 旅游业 tourism industry transport n./v. 交通；运输 public transport 高频词块：`be subject to`（受……支配；2025A篇）；`guest borrowers`（临时借阅者，2025A篇） 主题八 自然灾害与防范类（新增·高频指数★★★☆☆） 词汇 词性 中文释义 真题语境/溯源 collapse v./n. 倒塌；崩溃 building collapse drought n. 干旱 severe drought earthquake n. 地震 earthquake relief evacuate v. 疏散 evacuate residents flood n./v. 洪水；淹没 flash flood hurricane n. 飓风 hurricane warning rescue v./n. 营救 rescue efforts survive v. 幸存 survive the disaster victim n. 受害者 disaster victims warning n. 警报 early warning system 高频词块：`natural disaster`（自然灾害）；`relief efforts`（救援工作）；`early warning system`（预警系统） 主题九 人际交往与情感类（新增·高频指数★★★★☆） 2026年首考B篇的核心线索之一是`connect with = closer bond`（建立联系/纽带）。人际情感类词汇在完形填空和读后续写中同样是高频考点。 词汇 词性 中文释义 真题语境/溯源 bond n. 纽带，联系 2026首考B篇：closer bond cooperation n. 合作 2026首考D篇：cooperation（= team up with） empathy n. 同理心，共情 show empathy engagement n. 投入，参与 2026首考B篇：build engagement enthusiasm n. 热情 enthusiasm is short-lived misunderstanding n. 误解 clear up a misunderstanding reluctant adj. 不情愿的 be reluctant to do sympathy n. 同情 express sympathy tolerance n. 宽容 show tolerance trust n./v. 信任 2026首考C篇：trust（信任） 主题十 人物品质与品格类（新增·高频指数★★★☆☆） 学考阅读中的人物类语篇（记叙文）和读后续写常涉及品质词汇。2026年首考听力出现了`ambitious`、`open-minded`、`energetic`等评价词。 词汇 词性 中文释义 真题语境/溯源 ambitious adj. 有抱负的 2026首考听力：ambitious capable adj. 有能力的 be capable of committed adj. 坚定的，投入的 be committed to creative adj. 有创造力的 creative thinking decisive adj. 果断的 2026首考B篇：decisive determined adj. 坚定的 be determined to do energetic adj. 精力充沛的 2026首考听力：energetic generous adj. 慷慨的 a generous person open-minded adj. 思想开明的 2026首考听力：open-minded passionate adj. 充满热情的 be passionate about persistent adj. 坚持不懈的 be persistent in responsible adj. 负责的 be responsible for 高频词块：`set one's sights high`（把目标定得高，2026首考听力）；`battle misconceptions`（与误解作斗争，2026首考B篇） 主题十一 文化交流与艺术类（高频指数★★★★☆） 2026年首考A篇（公共艺术项目征集）是典型的“文化项目+应用文”语篇，涉及“征集—提交—合同—展出”完整语义链。 词汇 词性 中文释义 真题语境/溯源 biography n. 传记 2026首考A篇：biography（个人简介） concept n. 概念 2026首考A篇：artwork concept contract n. 合同 2026首考A篇：enter into a contract custom n. 习俗 local customs diverse adj. 多样的 diverse cultural backgrounds existing adj. 现存的，现有的 2026首考A篇：existing work（反义：newly created） format n. 格式 2026首考A篇：format heritage n. 遗产 cultural heritage installation n. 安装；装置艺术 2026首考A篇：installation integrate v. 融合 integrate traditional art into modern design maintenance n. 维护 2026首考A篇：maintenance photography n. 摄影 2026首考A篇：photography sketch n. 草图 2026首考A篇：sketch submission n. 提交的作品；征集 2026首考A篇：submission = call for artworks temporary adj. 临时的 2026首考A篇：temporary public art 同义转述标注：`submission = call for artworks = hand in`（2026首考A篇；真题溯源：2023新高考I卷 submit = hand in）；`a series of = a collection of`；`maximum = limit = upper limit`；`existing（反义词）new` 主题十二 自然科学与现象解释类（高频指数★★★☆☆） 纯自然科学类语篇频率低于科技类，但一旦出现，“学科专属感”最强，是拉开阅读速度差距的主题。 词汇 词性 中文释义 真题语境/溯源 absorb v. 吸收 2026首考D篇：absorb carbon dioxide atmosphere n. 大气；氛围 the Earth's atmosphere dioxide n. 二氧化物 carbon dioxide evolution n. 进化 the evolution of life feature n. 特征 2026首考D篇：root features gene n. 基因 2026首考D篇：genes hypothesis n. 假设 test a hypothesis labor n. 劳动，人力 2026首考D篇：labor massive adj. 庞大的 2026首考D篇：massive phenomenon n. 现象 natural phenomena physical adj. 物理的；身体的 2026首考D篇：physical qualities species n. 物种 endangered species 微专题一：近年首考“熟词生义”高频词 2026年首考复盘指出，“熟词生义”是阅读的主要门槛之一。以下词汇在近两年中全部出现了非常规义项，复习时必须按“熟义→生义→真题原句”三栏处理。 词汇 熟义 生义 真题原句/定位 resolution 解决；决议 （新年）计划，心愿 听力：Have you made any resolutions? run 跑 开设；运营（课程/活动） 听力：I plan to run this course as a discussion. appreciation 欣赏；感谢 认识；重视 完形：gain a newfound appreciation for agriculture take 带走 点名（take attendance） 听力：I won't take attendance. account for 解释 占比 听力：which accounts for 10% carry 搬运 具有（重要性）；占（比重） 听力：Which carries the most weight? track 追踪（人/物） 监测（生长特征） 阅读D：tracks multiple features of root growth stand 站立；忍受 独立的（作品） 阅读A：a stand-alone piece practice 练习；实践 习惯做法 阅读B：the practice also helped me build stronger relationships philosophy 哲学 （个人的）理念，信条 阅读B：more of a philosophy weed 杂草 清除；剔除 阅读C：weed out fake reviews discipline 纪律 研究领域，学科 阅读D：borrowing from different disciplines share 分享 有（共同的兴趣、特征） 阅读B：those who didn't share that interest package 包裹 申请材料 阅读A：Application Package due 应得的 到期的；截止的 阅读A：responses due; final artwork files due battle 战役 努力克服，应对 阅读B：battling student misconceptions 微专题二：近五年真题高频“同义转述路径”汇总 首考阅读的正确选项极少原词复现。以下五条转述路径来自2026年首考复盘及近五年全国卷真题溯源，是词汇复习的终点目标——学生不仅要“认识单词”，更要能识别转述关系。 转述路径 原文 正确选项/同义替换 真题溯源 短语→单词 setting her sights high ambitious 2026首考听力 否定→肯定 it's always packed with people less crowded 2026首考听力 具体→概括 give up resolutions by February enthusiasm is short-lived 2026首考听力/阅读 词性转换 important of importance 学考细节题高频 熟词生义等义替换 explain / cover cover = explain（讲解） 2026首考B篇：cover = 涉及 短语同义替换 submission call for artworks 2026首考A篇 概念同义替换 misconception false assumption 2026首考B篇 一、单词拼写 1．Can you ________ (找出……的位置；位于) the village on the map? (根据汉语提示拼写单词) 2．He could hardly ________ (控制；包含) his anger. (根据汉语提示拼写单词) 3．People in ____ (需要) need our help. (根据汉语提示拼写单词) 4．She tried to ________ (控制；包含) herself in public. (根据汉语提示拼写单词) 5．He ________ (出发；设定) out for the village early in the morning. (根据汉语提示拼写单词) 6．We are collecting for families in ________ (需要). (根据汉语提示拼写单词) 7．Can you ________ (联系，使有关) what you learned to real life? (根据汉语提示拼写单词) 8．Can you ________ (认为；计算) out this tricky puzzle? (根据汉语提示拼写单词) 9．They signed a ________ (合同) with the firm. (根据汉语提示拼写单词) 10．There was a traffic ________ (堵塞；果酱) on the road. (根据汉语提示拼写单词) 二、选词填空 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．barriers B．braces C． displaced D．exceptional E. fueled F. ill-equipped G. logged H. record I. readily J. roasting K. surpassing Western Europe breaks temperature record in summer Extreme heat has brought severe challenges to many European countries. The first two months of summer in western Europe have been the hottest on 11 , the European Union’s climate monitor said Monday, as the continent deals with devastating wildfires and 12 itself for yet another heatwave. The average temperature for June and July was 21.62 degrees Celsius, about 2.79 degrees above the average, 13 the previous heat record set in 2022, said the Copernicus climate change service. July was also the hottest month ever 14 for the world’s non-polar oceans, Copernicus said, with record high temperatures set along the Atlantic and western Mediterranean, putting sea life and coastal communities at risk. The conditions were partly 15 by the so-called “Super” El Nino weather pattern developing in the Pacific. Europe is the world’s fastest-warming continent but is particularly 16 to withstand heat, due to older infrastructure and a lack of air conditioning. The 17 temperatures and persistent droughts in June and July mutually reinforced each other to create a hot weather spiral, according to Samantha Burgess. “As soils dry out, they lose their ability to provide natural cooling, allowing heat to build more 18 ,” Burgess said, adding that it was “a clear example of how climate change is intensifying heat extremes.” Surface soil moisture levels across western Europe in July 2026 were also “significantly lower” than in July 2022, the last summer the region saw extreme drought, with “ 19 to record deficits (缺口)” for rain and soil moisture in France, Spain and parts of Germany and the United Kingdom, the scientists found. The record-breaking summer heat has fostered conditions for Europe’s record-setting wildfires, which have 20 hundreds of thousands of people and burned more than 1.23 million acres of land, mainly in Spain, France and Italy. 三、单项选择 21．Regarding the coming school trip, all students must submit the permission form by Friday to________ their participation. A．confirm B．promote C．decline D．restrict 22．Much evidence suggests that the sea floors are ________ moving, and continually being created and destroyed. A．instantly B．occasionally C．constantly D．temporarily 23．There are no displays in the art museum and exhibitions change all the time. A．permanent B．temporary C．elegant D．alternative 24．The veteran teacher kept speaking, ________ adjusting his glasses now and then as he delivered the lecture. A．apparently B．deliberately C．roughly D．automatically 25．Jesop put out a call asking for volunteers to rebuild the bridge and as he ________, the players agreed to meet the next morning. A．suspected B．anticipated C．promised D．confirmed 26．Tom was late for school this morning. This was ________ he missed the first bus to school. A．why B．because C．that D．how 27．We spent the whole afternoon ________ the old house. A．repair B．repairing C．to repair D．repaired 28．It is ________ that he will attend the meeting, for he has promised us. A．unique B．likely C．confusing D．wicked 29．To ________, we will not take any risky action. A．play safe B．have trouble C．come across D．wonder at 30．You can turn to online ________ when you meet difficult words. A．resources B．exits C．apartments D．forums 四、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Standing in front of a forest, 60-year-old Yin Yuzhen said to the camera in broken English, “Mr. Sakolsky, if you happen 31 (see) this video, I would like to invite you to China to see the trees planted with the 5,000 dollars you donated in 1999.” Then Yin uploaded the video to the Internet. The video, 32 (film) on the edge of Maowusu, the fourth largest sandy area in China, quickly went viral on social media. That very evening, Sakolsky’s former colleague Bai Fan came across it and 33 (immediate) emailed Sakolsky. “This is amazing,” Sakolsky responded. “I would be very happy to see you and the trees 34 person!” In 1990, Ronald Sakolsky arrived in Luoyang, a city in China’s Henan Province, as 35 exchange program teacher. It was during his stay there that he saw Yin Yuzhen in a televised interview. “I would rather die planting trees than 36 (drive) out of my home by sand,” she declared. Sakolsky was quite impressed with her 37 (determine) to fight against the desert and decided to help. Beginning in October 1999, Sakolsky sent emails to multiple 38 (institution) across the US for donations. Eventually, he raised 5,000 dollars for her. After Sakolsky left China, Yin 39 (build) a small monument at the edge of the forest, with these words on it. “Mr. Sakolsky, I will never let him down.” Since then, more than 50,000 trees have been planted in a 70,000-hectare area 40 there was nothing but lifeless sand just 27 years ago. 五、阅读理解 A Hailey Magee rushed home from school crying after seeing that she’d received an A-minus on her grade report card. Growing up, she had learned that the way to receive recognition and love from family members and teachers was to be a high achiever. So to Magee, that A-minus felt like a failure. “I was heart-broken,” she said. “In that moment, I felt like my self-worth as a human had fallen far below what it would have been if I’d gotten an A or an A-plus.” Magee’s turning a good grade into a cause of her inferiority (自卑) is a textbook example of a growing trend in recent years: perfectionist (完美主义者) behavior. Perfectionism is now a growing cultural phenomenon. High levels of perfectionism were linked with depression, anxiety, eating disorders and self-harm. The constant stress of attempting to be perfect can also leave people stressed and suffering from headaches and insomnia (失眠). Many parents today feel a sense of competitiveness that they may push onto their kids, whether by pressuring them to get perfect grades so they can get into top schools or engaging them in after-school activities that might look good on a college application. But if a child is only rewarded for high achievement, over time they learn that their value as a person depends on being perfect. Instagram, Facebook and other social media platforms also increase unhealthy comparisons. “It’s a real problem — those social media images end up serving as standards that people can compare themselves to and a perfectionist is always trying to be as good as others,” Sherry, a clinical psychologist, said. And it’s never been harder to keep up with other people, because today we are constantly bombarded (轰炸) with seemingly perfect images of other people’s lives. Eventually Magee learned that she had to let go a little and allow herself to show up with all her imperfections. She eventually learned to trust that she could show up, not being perfect, and still feel valued. She said, “I can be imperfect and everything can be fine!” 41．How did Hailey Magee feel when she got an A-minus? A．Satisfied. B．Excited. C．Disappointed. D．Uninterested. 42．Perfectionism may result in the following problems EXCEPT ________. A．negative feelings B．high work efficiency C．increased stress levels D．physical problems 43．What can we infer from Sherry’s words? A．Social media users should avoid posting perfect-looking photos online. B．Perfectionists tend to measure themselves against others’ online images. C．People can easily live up to the perfect lives shown on social media. D．Social media is designed to bring people closer to their real-life friends. 44．What is the best title for the passage? A．Parental Pressure: The Root of All Student Anxiety B．Hailey Magee’s Story: From Straight A’s to Failure C．The Role of Social Media in Creating Feelings of Imperfection D．The Dangers of Perfectionism and the Road to Self-Acceptance B I have always wanted to travel alone, letting my adventurous spirit lead me. That desire stayed for several years, but family, work and duties quieted that inner voice until it was no longer heard, drowned out by routine life. I told myself I’d go “someday”, but that day never arrived, hidden under work deadlines and the comfort of a familiar life. At 60, that voice grew louder, filled with the quiet fear that I had missed my chance to explore faraway places. Around the same time, I worked with Jack, a 30-year-old client (客户) full of the same restless energy I’d kept deep inside for a long time. He dreamed of quitting his boring job, leaving his unhappy marriage and traveling around the world to rediscover himself. Talking with him every week felt like looking in a mirror, making me face my own fears: being laughed at, being judged and giving up my safe, predictable life. Jack’s determination finally encouraged me to make plans for a six-week solo trip along Australia’s wild western coast. When my finger hovered (悬停) over the booking button, I secretly hoped the payment would fail, giving me one more excuse to hesitate. But I knew this mix of excitement and fear was normal — something I’d seen in my clients, especially older ones who held on to safety even when it was no longer good for them. As the booking confirmation (确认) popped up, I knew stepping into uncertainty, at any age, could bring growth, confidence and joy. My family’s different reactions reminded me: courage doesn’t fade with age; it deepens, and it’s never too late to chase the dreams I once put away. 45．What can we infer about the author from the text? A．She used to give up her dreams for daily duties. B．She disliked talking with different clients at work. C．She believed travelling is only for the young people. D．She felt nothing but calm when booking the trip. 46．What can we learn about Jack from the passage? A．He refused to make any change in his daily life. B．He disagreed with the author’s travel decisions. C．He travelled across Australia many times. D．He shared similar inner feelings with the author. 47．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Ways to plan a safe solo trip in distant countries. B．The author’s story of chasing dreams at sixty. C．Survey results about travelling after retirement. D．Advice on how to help young people with life choices. 48．Which of the following statements would the author most likely agree with? A．Fear stands in the way of one’s pursuit of dreams. B．Youth is the only time for adventure. C．Safety is better than all adventures. D．It’s never too late to dream. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 学考清单02 阅读主题高频词汇 主题一 科技创新与人工智能类（高频指数★★★★★） 2026年首考D篇（AI分析植物根系优化固碳）集中出现了跨学科科技词汇，且同一语义场内的近义词密集出现。本主题词汇需与“环保”“自然科学”联动记忆。 词汇 词性 中文释义 真题语境/溯源 algorithm n. 算法 2026首考C篇：use algorithms to weed out fake reviews artificial intelligence 短语 人工智能 AI 助力植物固碳（2026首考D篇） automate v. 使自动化 自动化生产语境 computer vision 短语 计算机视觉 2026首考D篇：computer vision, deep learning crucial adj. 至关重要的 2026首考D篇：crucial = vital deep learning 短语 深度学习 2026首考D篇 digital adj. 数字的 digital products（高频） dimension n. 维度；方面 多维度分析语境 efficiency n. 效率 improve efficiency enhance v. 增强，提高 2026首考D篇：enhance root systems innovation n. 创新 innovation drives growth interdisciplinary adj. 跨学科的 2026首考D篇：interdisciplinary = cross-disciplinary mechanical adj. 机械的 mechanical part navigation n. 导航 real-time navigation optimization n. 优化 2026首考D篇：optimization phenotype n. 表型 2026首考D篇：plant phenotypes procedure n. 程序，步骤 2026首考D篇：procedure track v. 追踪；监测 2026首考D篇：track multiple features（熟词生义：监测生长特征） virtual adj. 虚拟的 virtual reality 高频词块：`team up with`（与……合作，2026首考D篇）；`apply to`（应用于）；`carbon removal`（碳移除，2026首考D篇）；`put sth on equal footing`（使……处于平等地位，2026首考D篇） 同义转述标注：`crucial = vital = essential = key`；`interdisciplinary = cross-disciplinary = integrative`；`team up with = cooperate with = collaborate with` 主题二 社会经济与消费行为类（高频指数★★★★☆） 2026年首考C篇（虚假评论研究）属于“消费信息真实性”子话题，经济类词汇常与营销、信任、欺骗语义场交织。 词汇 词性 中文释义 真题语境/溯源 accelerate v. 加速，促进 accelerate economic growth allocate v. 分配，分派 allocate resources assume v. 假定，认为 2026首考C篇：tend to assume bankrupt adj./v. 破产的 go bankrupt believable adj. 可信的 2026首考C篇：believability（可信度） boost v./n. 推动，提升 boost sales budget n./v. 预算 government budget convince v. 使信服 2026首考C篇：make a fake review convincing dispassionate adj. 不带感情的，冷静的 2026首考C篇：dispassionate = unemotional fake adj. 虚假的 2026首考C篇：fake reviews marketing tool 短语 营销工具 2026首考C篇 prosperity n. 繁荣 long-term prosperity recession n. 经济衰退 economic recession subject n. 受试者，实验对象 2026首考C篇：study subjects（熟词生义） suspicious adj. 可疑的；怀疑的 2026首考C篇：regarded as suspicious urbanization n. 城市化 rapid urbanization weed out 短语 剔除，清除 2026首考C篇：weed out fake reviews word of mouth 短语 口碑 2026首考C篇 同义转述标注：`dispassionate = unemotional = objective = impersonal`；`weed out = remove = eliminate = get rid of`；`suspicious = doubtful = skeptical = unconvinced` 主题三 健康医疗与生活方式类（高频指数★★★★☆） 学考阅读中的健康类语篇词汇难度通常低于科技类，但 “症状—诊断—治疗—预防”的语义链条完整，设问常落在因果与建议上。2026年首考听力也出现了`phone addiction`（手机成瘾）、`fitness club`（健身俱乐部）等生活方式词汇。 词汇 词性 中文释义 真题语境/溯源 addicted adj. 上瘾的 2026首考：addicted to；phone addiction（手机成瘾） alleviate v. 减轻，缓和 alleviate pain/stress bacteria n. 细菌（复数） harmful bacteria balanced adj. 均衡的 balanced nutrition diagnose v. 诊断 diagnose a disease immune adj. 免疫的 immune system / be immune to mental health 短语 心理健康 Pay attention to mental health. nutrition n. 营养 balanced nutrition symptom n. 症状 common symptoms of a cold workout n. 锻炼 2026首考：keep up the workout routine（坚持日常锻炼） well-being n. 身心健康 mental well-being 高频词块：`be immune to`（对……免疫）；`keep up the workout routine`（坚持日常锻炼，2026首考）；`adopt a healthy lifestyle`（采取健康生活方式）；`short-lived`（短暂的，2026首考听力） 主题四 态度观点与评价类（高频指数★★★★★） 首考阅读区分度最高的“隐形主题” 。几乎每一篇阅读都有一道题落在“作者/研究者的态度”上，而选项往往不是原文态度的原词，而是情感倾向的概括转述。 积极正面：`optimistic`（乐观的）；`supportive`（支持的）；`sympathetic`（赞同的，2026首考B篇，= supportive）；`admiring`（赞赏的）；`favorable`（赞许的）；`promising`（有前途的）；`glowing`（赞不绝口的，2026首考C篇：glowing reviews） 消极负面：`pessimistic`（悲观的）；`critical`（批判的）；`skeptical`（怀疑的）；`oppose`（反对）；`disapproving`（不赞成的）；`suspicious`（可疑的，2026首考C篇） 客观中立：`neutral`（中立的）；`objective`（客观的）；`impartial`（不偏不倚的）；`disinterested`（无私的） 同义转述标注：`sympathetic = supportive`（2026首考B篇，真题溯源：2020新高考I卷 favorable = agreeable）；`critical = disapproving`；`skeptical = doubtful = unconvinced` 主题五 环保与可持续发展类（高频指数★★★★☆） 2026年首考D篇“植物固碳”横跨科技创新与环保两个主题，是“跨主题融合”的典型样本。环保类词汇必须与科技类联动记忆。 词汇 词性 中文释义 真题语境/溯源 absorb v. 吸收 2026首考D篇：absorb carbon dioxide carbon n. 碳 2026首考D篇：carbon removal / carbon dioxide climate change 短语 气候变化 2026首考D篇：fight climate change conservation n. 保护 wildlife conservation ecosystem n. 生态系统 protect the ecosystem emission n. 排放（物） carbon emissions endangered adj. 濒危的 endangered species renewable adj. 可再生的 renewable energy root system 短语 根系 2026首考D篇：enhance root systems storage n. 储存 2026首考D篇：carbon storage sustainable adj. 可持续的 sustainable development 高频词块：`carbon removal`（碳移除，2026首考D篇）；`natural capacity`（自然能力，2026首考D篇）；`absorb carbon dioxide`（吸收二氧化碳） 主题六 教育学习与校园生活类（高频指数★★★★☆） 2026年首考B篇（教师教学理念）和七选五（阅读回读策略）都属于此主题。教育类词汇的特点是 “教”与“学”两侧成对出现，阅读时需迅速判断动作的发出者。 词汇 词性 中文释义 真题语境/溯源 abstract adj. 抽象的 2026首考B篇：abstract concepts assessment n. 评估 2026首考听力：assessment（评估） assign v. 布置；分配 2026首考听力：assign homework comprehend v. 理解 2026首考七选五：comprehend = understand contextualize v. 将……置于情境中 2026首考B篇：contextualize = illustrate curriculum n. 课程体系 update the curriculum engagement n. 参与度 2026首考B篇：build engagement literacy n. 读写能力；素养 digital literacy misconception n. 误解 2026首考B篇：battle student misconceptions（纠正误解） motivate v. 激励 motivate students philosophy n. 理念；信条 2026首考B篇：more of a philosophy（熟词生义） regression n. 回读；后退 2026首考七选五：regression（回读现象） relevant adj. 相关的 2026首考B篇：relevant to the real world 同义转述标注：`misconception = false assumption = myth = misunderstanding`；`contextualize = illustrate = demonstrate`；`comprehend = understand = grasp = figure out` 主题七 旅游交通与地理类（新增·高频指数★★★☆☆） 2021年全国甲卷、2023年新课标卷均出现过旅游交通类阅读。学考A篇应用文（活动通知、旅游指南）也常涉及此主题。 词汇 词性 中文释义 真题语境/溯源 access n./v. 通道；进入 2025A篇：access to（接近；有权使用） accommodation n. 住宿 book accommodation attraction n. 景点 tourist attraction destination n. 目的地 popular destination domestic adj. 国内的 domestic tourism itinerary n. 行程 travel itinerary landscape n. 风景，地貌 natural landscape peak season 短语 旺季 travel in peak season souvenir n. 纪念品 buy souvenirs tourism n. 旅游业 tourism industry transport n./v. 交通；运输 public transport 高频词块：`be subject to`（受……支配；2025A篇）；`guest borrowers`（临时借阅者，2025A篇） 主题八 自然灾害与防范类（新增·高频指数★★★☆☆） 词汇 词性 中文释义 真题语境/溯源 collapse v./n. 倒塌；崩溃 building collapse drought n. 干旱 severe drought earthquake n. 地震 earthquake relief evacuate v. 疏散 evacuate residents flood n./v. 洪水；淹没 flash flood hurricane n. 飓风 hurricane warning rescue v./n. 营救 rescue efforts survive v. 幸存 survive the disaster victim n. 受害者 disaster victims warning n. 警报 early warning system 高频词块：`natural disaster`（自然灾害）；`relief efforts`（救援工作）；`early warning system`（预警系统） 主题九 人际交往与情感类（新增·高频指数★★★★☆） 2026年首考B篇的核心线索之一是`connect with = closer bond`（建立联系/纽带）。人际情感类词汇在完形填空和读后续写中同样是高频考点。 词汇 词性 中文释义 真题语境/溯源 bond n. 纽带，联系 2026首考B篇：closer bond cooperation n. 合作 2026首考D篇：cooperation（= team up with） empathy n. 同理心，共情 show empathy engagement n. 投入，参与 2026首考B篇：build engagement enthusiasm n. 热情 enthusiasm is short-lived misunderstanding n. 误解 clear up a misunderstanding reluctant adj. 不情愿的 be reluctant to do sympathy n. 同情 express sympathy tolerance n. 宽容 show tolerance trust n./v. 信任 2026首考C篇：trust（信任） 主题十 人物品质与品格类（新增·高频指数★★★☆☆） 学考阅读中的人物类语篇（记叙文）和读后续写常涉及品质词汇。2026年首考听力出现了`ambitious`、`open-minded`、`energetic`等评价词。 词汇 词性 中文释义 真题语境/溯源 ambitious adj. 有抱负的 2026首考听力：ambitious capable adj. 有能力的 be capable of committed adj. 坚定的，投入的 be committed to creative adj. 有创造力的 creative thinking decisive adj. 果断的 2026首考B篇：decisive determined adj. 坚定的 be determined to do energetic adj. 精力充沛的 2026首考听力：energetic generous adj. 慷慨的 a generous person open-minded adj. 思想开明的 2026首考听力：open-minded passionate adj. 充满热情的 be passionate about persistent adj. 坚持不懈的 be persistent in responsible adj. 负责的 be responsible for 高频词块：`set one's sights high`（把目标定得高，2026首考听力）；`battle misconceptions`（与误解作斗争，2026首考B篇） 主题十一 文化交流与艺术类（高频指数★★★★☆） 2026年首考A篇（公共艺术项目征集）是典型的“文化项目+应用文”语篇，涉及“征集—提交—合同—展出”完整语义链。 词汇 词性 中文释义 真题语境/溯源 biography n. 传记 2026首考A篇：biography（个人简介） concept n. 概念 2026首考A篇：artwork concept contract n. 合同 2026首考A篇：enter into a contract custom n. 习俗 local customs diverse adj. 多样的 diverse cultural backgrounds existing adj. 现存的，现有的 2026首考A篇：existing work（反义：newly created） format n. 格式 2026首考A篇：format heritage n. 遗产 cultural heritage installation n. 安装；装置艺术 2026首考A篇：installation integrate v. 融合 integrate traditional art into modern design maintenance n. 维护 2026首考A篇：maintenance photography n. 摄影 2026首考A篇：photography sketch n. 草图 2026首考A篇：sketch submission n. 提交的作品；征集 2026首考A篇：submission = call for artworks temporary adj. 临时的 2026首考A篇：temporary public art 同义转述标注：`submission = call for artworks = hand in`（2026首考A篇；真题溯源：2023新高考I卷 submit = hand in）；`a series of = a collection of`；`maximum = limit = upper limit`；`existing（反义词）new` 主题十二 自然科学与现象解释类（高频指数★★★☆☆） 纯自然科学类语篇频率低于科技类，但一旦出现，“学科专属感”最强，是拉开阅读速度差距的主题。 词汇 词性 中文释义 真题语境/溯源 absorb v. 吸收 2026首考D篇：absorb carbon dioxide atmosphere n. 大气；氛围 the Earth's atmosphere dioxide n. 二氧化物 carbon dioxide evolution n. 进化 the evolution of life feature n. 特征 2026首考D篇：root features gene n. 基因 2026首考D篇：genes hypothesis n. 假设 test a hypothesis labor n. 劳动，人力 2026首考D篇：labor massive adj. 庞大的 2026首考D篇：massive phenomenon n. 现象 natural phenomena physical adj. 物理的；身体的 2026首考D篇：physical qualities species n. 物种 endangered species 微专题一：近年首考“熟词生义”高频词 2026年首考复盘指出，“熟词生义”是阅读的主要门槛之一。以下词汇在近两年中全部出现了非常规义项，复习时必须按“熟义→生义→真题原句”三栏处理。 词汇 熟义 生义 真题原句/定位 resolution 解决；决议 （新年）计划，心愿 听力：Have you made any resolutions? run 跑 开设；运营（课程/活动） 听力：I plan to run this course as a discussion. appreciation 欣赏；感谢 认识；重视 完形：gain a newfound appreciation for agriculture take 带走 点名（take attendance） 听力：I won't take attendance. account for 解释 占比 听力：which accounts for 10% carry 搬运 具有（重要性）；占（比重） 听力：Which carries the most weight? track 追踪（人/物） 监测（生长特征） 阅读D：tracks multiple features of root growth stand 站立；忍受 独立的（作品） 阅读A：a stand-alone piece practice 练习；实践 习惯做法 阅读B：the practice also helped me build stronger relationships philosophy 哲学 （个人的）理念，信条 阅读B：more of a philosophy weed 杂草 清除；剔除 阅读C：weed out fake reviews discipline 纪律 研究领域，学科 阅读D：borrowing from different disciplines share 分享 有（共同的兴趣、特征） 阅读B：those who didn't share that interest package 包裹 申请材料 阅读A：Application Package due 应得的 到期的；截止的 阅读A：responses due; final artwork files due battle 战役 努力克服，应对 阅读B：battling student misconceptions 微专题二：近五年真题高频“同义转述路径”汇总 首考阅读的正确选项极少原词复现。以下五条转述路径来自2026年首考复盘及近五年全国卷真题溯源，是词汇复习的终点目标——学生不仅要“认识单词”，更要能识别转述关系。 转述路径 原文 正确选项/同义替换 真题溯源 短语→单词 setting her sights high ambitious 2026首考听力 否定→肯定 it's always packed with people less crowded 2026首考听力 具体→概括 give up resolutions by February enthusiasm is short-lived 2026首考听力/阅读 词性转换 important of importance 学考细节题高频 熟词生义等义替换 explain / cover cover = explain（讲解） 2026首考B篇：cover = 涉及 短语同义替换 submission call for artworks 2026首考A篇 概念同义替换 misconception false assumption 2026首考B篇 一、单词拼写 1．Can you ________ (找出……的位置；位于) the village on the map? (根据汉语提示拼写单词) 【答案】locate 【详解】句意：你能在地图上找出这个村庄的位置吗？根据汉语提示“找出……的位置；位于”可知，对应的英语单词是locate。空前有情态动词can，其后应接动词原形。 2．He could hardly ________ (控制；包含) his anger. (根据汉语提示拼写单词) 【答案】contain 【详解】句意：他几乎无法控制自己的愤怒。根据汉语提示“控制；包含”以及后面的宾语his anger，可知应填入动词contain。contain除了常见的“包含、容纳”之意，还可以表示“控制、克制（感情）”，情态动词could后需接动词原形。 3．People in ____ (需要) need our help. (根据汉语提示拼写单词) 【答案】need 【详解】句意：有困难的人需要我们的帮助。in ______是介词短语作后置定语修饰名词People，所填词表示“需要”，要填名词need，构成固定短语in need。 4．She tried to ________ (控制；包含) herself in public. (根据汉语提示拼写单词) 【答案】contain 【详解】句意：她努力在公共场合克制自己。try to后接动词原形，表示“控制；克制”用动词contain，contain oneself表示“克制自己”。 5．He ________ (出发；设定) out for the village early in the morning. (根据汉语提示拼写单词) 【答案】set 【详解】句意：他清晨一大早就出发去那个村庄了。根据汉语提示“出发；设定”以及空后的out可知，此处应填动词set，构成固定短语set out，意为“出发”。根据语境和时间状语early in the morning可知，该动作已经发生，句子应用一般过去时，动词set的过去式仍为set。 6．We are collecting for families in ________ (需要). (根据汉语提示拼写单词) 【答案】need 【详解】句意：我们正在为需要帮助的家庭募捐。“需要”是need，构成固定短语in need（需要帮助的，在困难中的），作后置定语修饰families。 7．Can you ________ (联系，使有关) what you learned to real life? (根据汉语提示拼写单词) 【答案】relate 【详解】句意：你能把学到的东西和现实生活联系起来吗？表示“联系，使有关”，用动词relate，固定搭配relate... to...，根据情态动词Can可知，用动词原形。 8．Can you ________ (认为；计算) out this tricky puzzle? (根据汉语提示拼写单词) 【答案】figure 【详解】句意：你能解出这个棘手的谜题吗？根据汉语提示“认为，计算”可知，空处填figure，构成固定短语figure out，意为“弄明白，解决”，且情态动词can后接动词原形。 9．They signed a ________ (合同) with the firm. (根据汉语提示拼写单词) 【答案】contract 【详解】句意：他们与那家公司签订了一份合同。根据汉语提示“合同”可知，对应的英语单词为 contract。该词在不定冠词 “a”之后，作动词“signed”的宾语，故使用其单数名词形式。 10．There was a traffic ________ (堵塞；果酱) on the road. (根据汉语提示拼写单词) 【答案】jam 【详解】句意：路上发生了交通堵塞。根据汉语提示“堵塞；果酱”可知，空处应填名词jam。traffic jam为固定搭配，意为“交通堵塞”。空前有不定冠词a，故此处使用单数形式。 二、选词填空 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．barriers B．braces C． displaced D．exceptional E. fueled F. ill-equipped G. logged H. record I. readily J. roasting K. surpassing Western Europe breaks temperature record in summer Extreme heat has brought severe challenges to many European countries. The first two months of summer in western Europe have been the hottest on 11 , the European Union’s climate monitor said Monday, as the continent deals with devastating wildfires and 12 itself for yet another heatwave. The average temperature for June and July was 21.62 degrees Celsius, about 2.79 degrees above the average, 13 the previous heat record set in 2022, said the Copernicus climate change service. July was also the hottest month ever 14 for the world’s non-polar oceans, Copernicus said, with record high temperatures set along the Atlantic and western Mediterranean, putting sea life and coastal communities at risk. The conditions were partly 15 by the so-called “Super” El Nino weather pattern developing in the Pacific. Europe is the world’s fastest-warming continent but is particularly 16 to withstand heat, due to older infrastructure and a lack of air conditioning. The 17 temperatures and persistent droughts in June and July mutually reinforced each other to create a hot weather spiral, according to Samantha Burgess. “As soils dry out, they lose their ability to provide natural cooling, allowing heat to build more 18 ,” Burgess said, adding that it was “a clear example of how climate change is intensifying heat extremes.” Surface soil moisture levels across western Europe in July 2026 were also “significantly lower” than in July 2022, the last summer the region saw extreme drought, with “ 19 to record deficits (缺口)” for rain and soil moisture in France, Spain and parts of Germany and the United Kingdom, the scientists found. The record-breaking summer heat has fostered conditions for Europe’s record-setting wildfires, which have 20 hundreds of thousands of people and burned more than 1.23 million acres of land, mainly in Spain, France and Italy. 【答案】 11．H 12．B 13．K 14．G 15．E 16．F 17．J 18．I 19．D 20．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了西欧夏季遭遇极端高温天气及其带来的多重影响。 【详解】11．考查名词短语。句意：欧盟气候监测机构周一表示，西欧夏季头两个月是有记录以来最热的，因为欧洲大陆正应对毁灭性的野火，并为又一轮热浪做准备。根据“the hottest on”及常识可知，此处应表达“有记录以来”，on record意为“有记录以来的”，为固定短语，作后置定语修饰the hottest。 12．考查动词。句意：同上。根据“for yet another heatwave”可知，此处应表达“使做好准备”，brace oneself for意为“为……做好准备”，且and连接并列谓语，与deals时态一致，应用一般现在时，主语the continent为单数，应填braces。 13．考查动词。句意：哥白尼气候变化服务局表示，6月和7月的平均气温为21.62摄氏度，比平均水平高出约2.79度，超过了2022年创下的此前高温纪录。根据“the previous heat record set in 2022”可知，此处应表达“超过”，surpass意为“超过；超越”，符合语境，且空处作伴随状语，应用现在分词surpassing。 14．考查动词。句意：哥白尼表示，7月也是全球非极地海洋有史以来最热的一个月，大西洋和西地中海沿岸创下了创纪录的高温，使海洋生物和沿海社区面临风险。根据“the hottest month ever”和“for the world’s non-polar oceans”可知，此处应表达“记录”，ever logged作后置定语，log意为“记录；记载”，month和log是被动关系，用过去分词logged。 15．考查动词。句意：这些情况部分是由太平洋正在发展的所谓“超级”厄尔尼诺气候模式推动加剧的。根据“by the so-called “Super” El Nino weather pattern”可知，此处应表达“推动；加剧”，fuel意为“刺激；加剧”，符合语境，且were后接过去分词fueled构成被动语态。 16．考查形容词短语。句意：欧洲是世界上变暖最快的大陆，但由于基础设施老旧和缺乏空调，尤其难以承受高温。根据“to withstand heat”和“due to older infrastructure and a lack of air conditioning”可知，此处应表达“装备不足的；无准备的”，ill-equipped符合语境，作表语。 ill-equipped to do sth.意为“不足以做某事；不具备做某事的条件”。 17．考查形容词。句意：萨曼莎·伯吉斯表示，6月和7月的酷热温度和持续干旱相互加强，形成了高温螺旋。根据“temperatures and persistent droughts”和“mutually reinforced each other to create a hot weather spiral”可知，此处应表达“炙烤般的；炎热的”，roasting意为“灼热的；炙热的”符合语境，修饰名词temperatures。 18．考查副词。句意：“随着土壤变干，它们失去提供自然冷却的能力，使得热量更容易积聚，”伯吉斯说，并补充说这“是气候变化如何加剧极端高温的一个明显例子”。根据“allow heat to build more”可知，此处应表达“容易地；迅速地”，readily意为“轻易地、容易地”，符合语境，修饰动词build。 19．考查形容词。句意：科学家发现，2026年7月西欧表层土壤水分含量也“显著低于”2022年7月——上一次该地区出现极端干旱的夏季——法国、西班牙以及德国和英国部分地区出现了降雨和土壤水分的“罕见甚至创纪录的缺口”。根据“record deficits”可知，此处表达“超乎寻常的、罕见的”，exceptional符合语境。 20．考查动词。句意：创纪录的夏季高温为欧洲创纪录的野火创造了条件，这些野火已导致数十万人流离失所，烧毁了超过123万英亩的土地，主要在西班牙、法国和意大利。根据“hundreds of thousands of people”和“burned more than 1.23 million acres of land”可知，此处应表达“使流离失所；迁移”，displace意为“迫使……离开家园；使流离失所”，符合语境，且which引导的定语从句中，助动词have后接过去分词displaced。 三、单项选择 21．Regarding the coming school trip, all students must submit the permission form by Friday to________ their participation. A．confirm B．promote C．decline D．restrict 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：关于即将到来的学校旅行，所有学生必须在周五前提交许可表以确认是否参加。A. confirm确认；B. promote促进；C. decline下降；D. restrict限制。“提交许可表”的目的是“确认参与学校旅行”，confirm 表示“确认、证实”，与“参与”搭配合理，符合句意。故选A。 22．Much evidence suggests that the sea floors are ________ moving, and continually being created and destroyed. A．instantly B．occasionally C．constantly D．temporarily 【答案】C 【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：大量证据表明，海底在不断地移动，并且持续地被创造和破坏。A.instantly立即；马上；B.occasionally偶尔；间或；C. constantly不断地；持续地；temporarily暂时地；临时地。根据continually being created and destroyed.可知，海底在不断地移动。故选C项。 23．There are no displays in the art museum and exhibitions change all the time. A．permanent B．temporary C．elegant D．alternative 【答案】A 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：艺术博物馆没有永久性的展览，展览总是在变化。A. permanent永久的；B. temporary临时的；C. elegant优雅的；D. alternative可供选择的。根据“exhibitions change all the time”可推知，艺术博物馆的展览不是固定不变的，即没有永久性的展览，用形容词permanent作定语，描述展览的性质。故选A项。 24．The veteran teacher kept speaking, ________ adjusting his glasses now and then as he delivered the lecture. A．apparently B．deliberately C．roughly D．automatically 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这位资深教师一直在讲话，在讲课时时不时下意识地调整他的眼镜。A. apparently显然；B. deliberately故意地；C. roughly粗略地、粗暴地；D. automatically自动地、下意识地。根据空后的“adjusting his glasses now and then as he delivered the lecture”可知，此处表示该教师专注讲课时下意识的动作，automatically符合语境。 25．Jesop put out a call asking for volunteers to rebuild the bridge and as he ________, the players agreed to meet the next morning. A．suspected B．anticipated C．promised D．confirmed 【答案】B 【详解】句意：Jesop发出号召招募志愿者重建桥梁，正如他所预料的，参与者同意第二天早上集合。A. suspected怀疑；B. anticipated预料，预期；C. promised承诺；D. confirmed证实。结合the players agreed to meet the next morning可知，参与者同意第二天早上集合，这正是他所预料的，空格处表达“预料”，anticipated符合句意。 26．Tom was late for school this morning. This was ________ he missed the first bus to school. A．why B．because C．that D．how 【答案】B 【详解】句意：汤姆今天早上上学迟到了。这是因为他错过了去学校的首班车。A. why为什么；B. because因为；C. that起连接作用，没有含义；D. how如何。根据前一句Tom was late for school this morning和空后he missed the first bus to school可知，后一句解释迟到的原因，This was because...表示“这是因为……”。 27．We spent the whole afternoon ________ the old house. A．repair B．repairing C．to repair D．repaired 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们花了整个下午修理那座旧房子。固定搭配spend time (in) doing sth.意为“花费时间做某事”，其中介词in通常省略，其后需接动名词形式作宾语。 28．It is ________ that he will attend the meeting, for he has promised us. A．unique B．likely C．confusing D．wicked 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他很可能会参加会议，因为他已经答应我们了。A.unique独一无二的；B. likely可能的；C. confusing令人困惑的；D. wicked邪恶的。根据后半句for he has promised us可知，他参加会议的可能性很大。 29．To ________, we will not take any risky action. A．play safe B．have trouble C．come across D．wonder at 【答案】A 【详解】句意：为了安全起见，我们不会采取任何冒险行动。A. play safe为了安全起见；B. have trouble有麻烦；C. come across偶然发现；D. wonder at对……感到惊讶。根据后半句we will not take any risky action的逻辑可知，此处表示不冒险、求稳妥，即“为了安全起见”。 30．You can turn to online ________ when you meet difficult words. A．resources B．exits C．apartments D．forums 【答案】A 【详解】句意：当你遇到难词时可以求助网络资源。A. resources资源；B. exits出口；C. apartments公寓；D. forums论坛。根据后文“when you meet difficult words”可知，遇到生词可以查阅网络资源。 四、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Standing in front of a forest, 60-year-old Yin Yuzhen said to the camera in broken English, “Mr. Sakolsky, if you happen 31 (see) this video, I would like to invite you to China to see the trees planted with the 5,000 dollars you donated in 1999.” Then Yin uploaded the video to the Internet. The video, 32 (film) on the edge of Maowusu, the fourth largest sandy area in China, quickly went viral on social media. That very evening, Sakolsky’s former colleague Bai Fan came across it and 33 (immediate) emailed Sakolsky. “This is amazing,” Sakolsky responded. “I would be very happy to see you and the trees 34 person!” In 1990, Ronald Sakolsky arrived in Luoyang, a city in China’s Henan Province, as 35 exchange program teacher. It was during his stay there that he saw Yin Yuzhen in a televised interview. “I would rather die planting trees than 36 (drive) out of my home by sand,” she declared. Sakolsky was quite impressed with her 37 (determine) to fight against the desert and decided to help. Beginning in October 1999, Sakolsky sent emails to multiple 38 (institution) across the US for donations. Eventually, he raised 5,000 dollars for her. After Sakolsky left China, Yin 39 (build) a small monument at the edge of the forest, with these words on it. “Mr. Sakolsky, I will never let him down.” Since then, more than 50,000 trees have been planted in a 70,000-hectare area 40 there was nothing but lifeless sand just 27 years ago. 【答案】 31．to see 32．filmed 33．immediately 34．in 35．an 36．be driven 37．determination 38．institutions 39．built 40．where 【导语】这篇文章主要讲述了殷玉珍发视频，邀约1999年捐款助她治沙的萨科尔斯基访华。历经多年植树，昔日茫茫沙地如今已长成万顷林海。 【详解】31．考查动词不定式。句意：站在一片森林前，60岁的殷玉珍用蹩脚的英语对摄像机说道：“萨科尔斯基先生，如果你碰巧看到这段视频，我想邀请你来中国，看看1999年你捐赠的5000美元种下的树。”此处为固定搭配 happen to do sth.，意为“碰巧做某事”，所以为动词不定式形式。 32．考查非谓语动词。句意：这段视频拍摄于中国第四大沙地——毛乌素沙地，迅速在社交媒体上走红。句中已有谓语went viral，空格处为后置定语修饰名词video；video与 film（拍摄）之间是被动关系，故用过去分词filmed。 33．考查副词。句意：当晚，萨科尔斯基的前同事白帆偶然发现了视频，并立即给萨科尔斯基发了邮件。空格处修饰动词emailed，需用副词形式，immediate的副词为immediately（立刻，马上）。 34．考查固定短语。句意：萨科尔斯基回复道，“我非常高兴能亲自见到你和这些树！”此处为固定短语in person，意为“亲自”，符合语境。 35．考查冠词。句意：1990年，罗纳德·萨科尔斯基作为交换项目教师来到中国河南省的洛阳市。此处表示“一名交换项目老师”，表泛指；exchange以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词 an。 36．考查固定句型和语态。句意：她曾宣称：“我宁愿种树而死，也不愿被沙子赶出家园。” 分析句子可知，would rather do sth. than do sth.为固定句型，than后接动词原形；主语she与 drive out（赶出）之间是被动关系（被沙尘赶出家园），故用be driven。 37．考查名词。句意：萨科尔斯基对她对抗沙漠的决心深感钦佩，决定伸出援手。形容词性物主代词her后接名词，determine的名词形式为determination（决心）。 38．考查名词复数形式。句意：从1999年10月起，萨科尔斯基开始向美国多个机构发送电子邮件募捐，最终为她筹集了5000美元。multiple 意为“多个的”，后接可数名词复数，institution的复数形式为institutions。 39．考查动词时态。句意：萨科夫斯基离开中国后，殷玉珍在森林边缘修建了一座小纪念碑，上面写着：“萨科夫斯基先生，我绝不会让他失望。”根据句意可知，故事发生在过去，after引导时间状语从句，主从句动作均发生在过去，用一般过去时，build的过去式为built。 40．考查定语从句。句意：从那时起，在这片7万公顷的土地上种植了5万多棵树，而就在27年前，这里还只是一片毫无生机的沙地。分析句子可知，设空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为area，表地点，从句中缺少地点状语，故用关系副词where引导定语从句。 五、阅读理解 A Hailey Magee rushed home from school crying after seeing that she’d received an A-minus on her grade report card. Growing up, she had learned that the way to receive recognition and love from family members and teachers was to be a high achiever. So to Magee, that A-minus felt like a failure. “I was heart-broken,” she said. “In that moment, I felt like my self-worth as a human had fallen far below what it would have been if I’d gotten an A or an A-plus.” Magee’s turning a good grade into a cause of her inferiority (自卑) is a textbook example of a growing trend in recent years: perfectionist (完美主义者) behavior. Perfectionism is now a growing cultural phenomenon. High levels of perfectionism were linked with depression, anxiety, eating disorders and self-harm. The constant stress of attempting to be perfect can also leave people stressed and suffering from headaches and insomnia (失眠). Many parents today feel a sense of competitiveness that they may push onto their kids, whether by pressuring them to get perfect grades so they can get into top schools or engaging them in after-school activities that might look good on a college application. But if a child is only rewarded for high achievement, over time they learn that their value as a person depends on being perfect. Instagram, Facebook and other social media platforms also increase unhealthy comparisons. “It’s a real problem — those social media images end up serving as standards that people can compare themselves to and a perfectionist is always trying to be as good as others,” Sherry, a clinical psychologist, said. And it’s never been harder to keep up with other people, because today we are constantly bombarded (轰炸) with seemingly perfect images of other people’s lives. Eventually Magee learned that she had to let go a little and allow herself to show up with all her imperfections. She eventually learned to trust that she could show up, not being perfect, and still feel valued. She said, “I can be imperfect and everything can be fine!” 41．How did Hailey Magee feel when she got an A-minus? A．Satisfied. B．Excited. C．Disappointed. D．Uninterested. 42．Perfectionism may result in the following problems EXCEPT ________. A．negative feelings B．high work efficiency C．increased stress levels D．physical problems 43．What can we infer from Sherry’s words? A．Social media users should avoid posting perfect-looking photos online. B．Perfectionists tend to measure themselves against others’ online images. C．People can easily live up to the perfect lives shown on social media. D．Social media is designed to bring people closer to their real-life friends. 44．What is the best title for the passage? A．Parental Pressure: The Root of All Student Anxiety B．Hailey Magee’s Story: From Straight A’s to Failure C．The Role of Social Media in Creating Feelings of Imperfection D．The Dangers of Perfectionism and the Road to Self-Acceptance 【答案】41．C 42．B 43．B 44．D 【导语】文章以Hailey Magee因A-而崩溃的事例引入“完美主义”现象，说明其带来的心理与身体危害，分析父母过高期待和社交媒体比较的影响，并以Magee最终学会接纳不完美作结，强调自我接纳的重要性。 【详解】41．推理判断题。根据第一段“Hailey Magee rushed home from school crying after seeing that she’d received an A-minus on her grade report card. Growing up, she had learned that the way to receive recognition and love from family members and teachers was to be a high achiever. So to Magee, that A-minus felt like a failure. “I was heart-broken,” she said. “In that moment, I felt like my self-worth as a human had fallen far below what it would have been if I’d gotten an A or an A-plus.”(Hailey Magee看到自己成绩单上得了A-后，哭着从学校冲回家。从小她就明白，要想获得家人和老师的认可与关爱，就必须成为成绩优异的人。因此，对Magee来说，这个A-感觉就像一次失败。“我当时心碎了，”她说，“那一刻，我感觉我作为一个人的自我价值，远低于我拿到A或A+时本会有的自我价值。”)”可推知，Magee拿到A-时感到失望、受伤，而非满意、兴奋或漠不关心。 42．细节理解题。根据第二段“High levels of perfectionism were linked with depression, anxiety, eating disorders and self-harm. The constant stress of attempting to be perfect can also leave people stressed and suffering from headaches and insomnia (失眠).(高度的完美主义与抑郁、焦虑、进食障碍以及自伤行为有关。不断追求完美的压力还可能导致人们感到紧张，出现头痛和失眠等问题)”可知，完美主义可能导致负面情绪、压力水平升高、身体健康问题，未提及高工作效率，且与完美主义危害方向相反。 43．推理判断题。根据第四段“It’s a real problem — those social media images end up serving as standards that people can compare themselves to and a perfectionist is always trying to be as good as others(这确实是个问题——社交媒体上的图片最终成了人们用来比较自己的标准，而完美主义者总是试图让自己变得像别人一样出色)”可推知，完美主义者倾向于拿他人的网络形象衡量自己。 44．主旨大意题。根据第二段“High levels of perfectionism were linked with depression, anxiety, eating disorders and self-harm. The constant stress of attempting to be perfect can also leave people stressed and suffering from headaches and insomnia (失眠).(高度的完美主义与抑郁、焦虑、进食障碍以及自伤行为有关。不断追求完美的压力还可能导致人们感到紧张，出现头痛和失眠等问题)”及第四段“Eventually Magee learned that she had to let go a little and allow herself to show up with all her imperfections. She eventually learned to trust that she could show up, not being perfect, and still feel valued. She said, “I can be imperfect and everything can be fine!”(最终，Magee明白自己必须学会放手，允许自己以全部的不完美展现出来。她逐渐学会了相信，即使不完美，依然可以出现，并且仍然被珍视。她说：“我可以不完美，一切都没问题！”)”可知，文章主要介绍了完美主义带来的心理与身体危害，并以Magee最终学会接纳不完美作结，强调自我接纳的重要性。由此可知，“The Dangers of Perfectionism and the Road to Self-Acceptance(完美主义的危害与自我接纳之路)”适合作本文最佳标题。 B I have always wanted to travel alone, letting my adventurous spirit lead me. That desire stayed for several years, but family, work and duties quieted that inner voice until it was no longer heard, drowned out by routine life. I told myself I’d go “someday”, but that day never arrived, hidden under work deadlines and the comfort of a familiar life. At 60, that voice grew louder, filled with the quiet fear that I had missed my chance to explore faraway places. Around the same time, I worked with Jack, a 30-year-old client (客户) full of the same restless energy I’d kept deep inside for a long time. He dreamed of quitting his boring job, leaving his unhappy marriage and traveling around the world to rediscover himself. Talking with him every week felt like looking in a mirror, making me face my own fears: being laughed at, being judged and giving up my safe, predictable life. Jack’s determination finally encouraged me to make plans for a six-week solo trip along Australia’s wild western coast. When my finger hovered (悬停) over the booking button, I secretly hoped the payment would fail, giving me one more excuse to hesitate. But I knew this mix of excitement and fear was normal — something I’d seen in my clients, especially older ones who held on to safety even when it was no longer good for them. As the booking confirmation (确认) popped up, I knew stepping into uncertainty, at any age, could bring growth, confidence and joy. My family’s different reactions reminded me: courage doesn’t fade with age; it deepens, and it’s never too late to chase the dreams I once put away. 45．What can we infer about the author from the text? A．She used to give up her dreams for daily duties. B．She disliked talking with different clients at work. C．She believed travelling is only for the young people. D．She felt nothing but calm when booking the trip. 46．What can we learn about Jack from the passage? A．He refused to make any change in his daily life. B．He disagreed with the author’s travel decisions. C．He travelled across Australia many times. D．He shared similar inner feelings with the author. 47．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Ways to plan a safe solo trip in distant countries. B．The author’s story of chasing dreams at sixty. C．Survey results about travelling after retirement. D．Advice on how to help young people with life choices. 48．Which of the following statements would the author most likely agree with? A．Fear stands in the way of one’s pursuit of dreams. B．Youth is the only time for adventure. C．Safety is better than all adventures. D．It’s never too late to dream. 【答案】45．A 46．D 47．B 48．D 【导语】文章主要讲述作者多年想独自旅行却被家庭、工作和日常责任压抑；60岁时受客户Jack的触动，终于预订六周澳大利亚西海岸独行之旅，并感悟到追求梦想不会因年龄而太晚。 【详解】45．细节理解题。根据第一段“I have always wanted to travel alone, letting my adventurous spirit lead me. That desire stayed for several years, but family, work and duties quieted that inner voice until it was no longer heard, drowned out by routine life.(我一直渴望独自旅行，让冒险精神引领我前行。这种愿望持续了许多年，但家庭、工作和责任逐渐压制了内心的声音，直到它被日常生活的喧嚣所淹没，再也听不到了)”可知，作者过去常常因为日常的责任而放弃自己的梦想。 46．细节理解题。根据第二段“Around the same time, I worked with Jack, a 30-year-old client (客户) full of the same restless energy I’d kept deep inside for a long time. He dreamed of quitting his boring job, leaving his unhappy marriage and traveling around the world to rediscover himself. Talking with him every week felt like looking in a mirror, making me face my own fears: being laughed at, being judged and giving up my safe, predictable life. (大约在同一时期，我与一位30岁的客户Jack合作。他身上同样充满了我长久以来深藏不露的不安与躁动。他梦想着辞去枯燥的工作，离开不幸福的婚姻，环游世界，重新发现自我。每周与他交谈，都像在照镜子一样，让我直面自己的恐惧：被嘲笑、被评判，以及放弃安稳而可预测的生活)”可知，Jack与作者有相似的内心感受。 47．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了作者年轻时因生活琐事搁置了独自旅行的梦想，但在60岁时，受到客户Jack的启发，终于鼓起勇气克服内心的恐惧，预订了独自去澳大利亚旅行的行程，实现了自己多年的梦想。因此，文章的主旨是作者在60岁追逐梦想的故事。 48．推理判断题。根据最后一段“My family’s different reactions reminded me: courage doesn’t fade with age; it deepens, and it’s never too late to chase the dreams I once put away. (我家人不同的反应让我明白：勇气不会随年龄增长而褪色，它反而会更加深厚，而且追梦永远都不晚)”可推知，作者最可能同意的观点是“追逐梦想永远不会太晚”。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $