专题02 中考核心知识点精讲讲练（2）（全国通用）2027年中考英语一轮复习

专题02 中考核心知识点精讲精练（2） 知识讲解 知识点一：borrow 和lend 的用法 1. borrow (v) 意为 “借入，借来” 向某人 / 某地借某物 borrow sth from sb/sp. 例： 昨天他向他的朋友借了一些钱。 He borrowed some money from his friend yesterday. 2. lend (v) 意为 “借出”；过去式 lent；过去分词 lent 把某物借给某人 ① lend sb sth ② lend sth to sb 注：当某物为 it /them 时，只能用 lend sth to sb，不能用 lend sb sth。 例：你能借给我你的橡皮吗？ ① Could you lend me your eraser? ② Could you lend your eraser to me? 注：borrow 与 from 连用，lend 与 to 连用。 知识点二：let的用法 let (v) 意为 “让，允许”；过去式 let；过去分词 let (1) 让某人做某事 ① let sb do sth ② have sb do sth ③ make sb do sth ④ ask sb to do sth 例：我的妈妈刚才让我打开窗户。 ① My mother let me open the window just now. ② My mother had me open the window just now. ③ My mother made me open the window just now. ④ My mother asked me to open the window just now. 注：变否定句时在 sb 后加 not。 (2) 给别人提建议 let’s + 动词原形 例：让我们一起打篮球吧！ Let's play basketball together! 知识点三：turn 的用法 1. turn (v) 意为 “转动，转向” 　 (n). 意为 “轮流，顺序，转弯处” 2. 常用固定短语： (1) 在…… 地方左转 / 右转　turn left/right at + 某地 例：你应该在交通灯处右转。 You should turn right at the traffic lights. (2) 转向某地，翻到…… 页　turn to … 例（1）：请转向左边的门。 Please turn to the left door. 例（2）老师昨天让我们翻到第三页。 The teacher asked us to turn to Page Three yesterday. (3) 打开（电器）　turn on 例：天气太热了，请打开风扇。 It's too hot. Please turn on the fan. (4) 关闭　turn off 例：离开前记得关灯。 Remember to turn off the lights before you leave. (5) 调高（音量），出现　turn up 例：你能把收音机音量调大一点吗？我听不见。 Can you turn up the radio? I can't hear it. (6) 调低（音量），拒绝　turn down 例： 她拒绝了我的帮助。 She turned down my help. (7) 向某人求助 ① turn to sb for help 　　　　　　　② ask sb for help 例：当你有问题的时候，你可以向老师求助。 You can turn to your teacher for help when you have problems. (8) 变成　turn into 例：在寒冷的天气里，水会变成冰。 Water can turn into ice in cold weather. (9) 轮到某人做某事了。 It's one's turn to do sth. 例：轮到我打扫教室了。 It's my turn to clean the classroom. (10). 轮流做某事　take turns to do sth/ take turns doing sth 例（1）我们轮流擦黑板。We take turns to clean the blackboard. 例（2）昨天他们轮流唱歌。 They took turns singing songs yesterday. (11). 在…… 的转弯处　at the turn of … 例：在这条路的转弯处有一家小店。 There is a small shop at the turn of the road. 知识点四：in front of ,in the front of ,in the tree ,on the tree, in the wall , on the wall 的用法 1. 在…… 的前面 ① in front of（在外部的前面） ② in the front of（在内部的前面） 例(1). 在教室的前面有一棵大树。 There is a big tree in front of the classroom. 例(2). 老师正站在教室的前面。 The teacher is standing in the front of the classroom. 2. 在树上 ① in the tree（落在树上） ② on the tree（长在树上） 例(1). 一只小鸟在树上。 A little bird is in the tree. 例(2). 一些红苹果在树上。 Some red apples are on the tree. 3. 在墙上 ① in the wall（嵌在墙里，常指门、窗户、洞） ② on the wall（在墙的表面） 例 (1). 墙上有三扇窗户。 There are three windows in the wall. 例 (2). 墙上有一张地图。 There is a map on the wall. 知识点五：kinds的用法 1. kind (adj) 意为 “善良的，友好的，和蔼的”，同义词 nice 和 friendly。 2. kind (n) 意为 “种类” 常用固定短语 (1) 对某人友好 / 和善 be kind to sb 例：她对她的同学们很友好。 She is kind to her classmates. (2) 某人做某事真是太好了。 It's kind of sb to do sth. 例：你能帮助我真是太好了。 It's kind of you to help me. (3) 一种…… a kind of 例：这是一种动物。 This is a kind of animal. (4) 各种各样的 all kinds of 例：公园里有各种各样的花。 There are all kinds of flowers in the park. (5) 有点儿，稍微 ① kind of ② a little 例：今天有点儿冷。 ① It's kind of cold today. ② It's a little cold today. 【巩固练习】 一、单项选择 1. —Can I ______ your history textbook? —Sorry, I can’t ______ it to you. I need it for my test. A. lend; borrow B. borrow; lend C. borrow; borrow D. lend; lend 【答案】B 【解析】句意：—— 我可以借你的历史课本吗？—— 抱歉，我不能把它借给你，我考试要用。考点 borrow 与 lend 辨析。borrow sth from sb 表示 “借入”，是向别人借东西；lend sth to sb 表示 “借出”，把自己物品给到别人。第一空是说话人向对方借书用 borrow；第二空表示不能借出，用 lend。 2. Don’t let the kids ______ fireworks near the buildings. A. set off B. sets off C. to set off D. setting off 【答案】A 【解析】句意：不要让孩子们在楼房附近燃放烟花。考点 let 使役动词。固定结构`let sb do sth`“让某人做某事”，let 后面接不带 to 的动词原形。 3. There is a beautiful garden ______ the teaching‑building. A. in front of B. in the front of C. on front of D. on the front of 【答案】A 【解析】句意：教学楼的外面有一座漂亮的花园。考点 in front of /in the front of。in front of：在物体“外部”的前面；in the front of：在物体空间“内部”的前部。花园在教学楼建筑外面，选 in front of。 4. When you meet difficulty in study, you can ______ your deskmate ______ help. A. turn; to B. turn to; for C. turn on; for D. turn off; to 【答案】B 【解析】句意：当你学习上遇到困难，你可以向你的同桌求助。考点 turn 短语。turn to sb for help“向某人求助”；turn on 打开电器，turn off 关闭电器，均不符合句意。 5. Some little birds are staying ______. A. on the tree B. in the tree C. at the tree D. over the tree 【答案】B 【解析】句意：几只小鸟停留在树上。考点 in the tree /on the tree。in the tree 用于外来的人、动物落在树上；on the tree 用于果实、花叶，树木本身长出的事物。小鸟不属于树本身，选 in the tree。 6. It’s really kind ______ the teenagers to give seats to old people. A. for B. of C. to D. with 【答案】B 【解析】句意：这些青少年主动给老人让座，他们真的很善良。考点 kind 固定句型。It’s + adj.+of sb to do sth，形容词描述人的品格品质用 of；描述事情本身用 for。kind 修饰人的品德，用 of。 7. Please ______ the heater when nobody stays inside the room. A. turn on B. turn up C. turn off D. turn to 【答案】C 【解析】句意：房间里面没有人的时候，请把暖气关掉。考点 turn 短语。turn off “关闭电器”；turn on 打开；turn up 调大音量；turn to 转向。无人在屋应当关闭取暖设备。 8. You can see several windows ______. A. on the wall B. in the wall C. over the wall D. above the wall 【答案】B 【解析】句意：你可以看见墙上有几扇窗户。考点 in the wall /on the wall。in the wall 用于门窗、洞，镶嵌在墙体内部；on the wall 用于海报、图画，贴挂在墙表面。窗户嵌在墙体内，选 in the wall。 9. It’s your duty, so you and your partners should ______ to finish it. A. take turns B. take turn C. make turns D. make turn 【答案】A 【解析】句意：这是你们的任务，所以你和搭档们应当轮流完成它。考点 turn 短语。固定搭配take turns to do / doing sth“轮流做某事”，turn 必须用复数 turns，无 make turns 搭配。 10. —Could you ______ me your scissors? —Sorry, I have ______ them to Lisa already. A. lend; lent B. borrow; lent C. lend; borrowed D. borrow; borrow 【答案】A 【解析】句意：—— 你可以把你的剪刀借给我吗？—— 不好意思，我已经把剪刀借给莉萨了。考点 lend。lend 表示 “借出”，lend sb sth 借给某人某物；lend 过去分词 lent。第一空请求对方借出剪刀；第二空 have 后接过去分词 lent。 11. I felt ______ tired after the long hiking. A. a kind of B. kind of C. all kinds of D. kinds of 【答案】B 【解析】句意：长途徒步之后我感觉有点儿累。考点 kind 短语。kind of 副词短语，意为 “有点儿，稍微”，修饰形容词 tired；a kind of（一种）、all kinds of（各种各样）后面接名词，不能修饰形容词。 12. Let ______ finish their discussion quietly. Don’t disturb them. A. they B. them C. their D. theirs 【答案】B 【解析】句意：让他们安静完成讨论，不要打扰他们。考点 let 用法。let sb do sth，let 是及物动词，后面接人称代词宾格；they 宾格为 them。 13. You need to ______ at the third crossing, then go straight ahead. A. turn left B. turn to left C. turn the left D. turn leftly 【答案】A 【解析】句意：你需要在第三个十字路口左转，然后一直往前走。考点 turn 短语。固定表达 turn left /turn right“左转 / 右转”；搭配 turn left at + 地点，不需要 to 和冠词。 14. Those big red pears are ______, and they will be picked soon. A. in the tree B. on the tree C. at tree D. over tree 【答案】B 【解析】句意：那些大大的红梨子长在树上，很快就要被采摘。考点 in the tree /on the tree。on the tree 用于树上生长出来的果实；in the tree 用于外来物体。梨子属于果树结出的果实，选 on the tree。 15. It’s kind ______ you to offer help to your classmates in need. A. for B. of C. to D. with 【答案】B 【解析】句意：你愿意帮助有困难的同学，你人真好。考点 kind 句型It’s +adj.+of sb to do sth，kind 描述人的品质，介词用 of。 16. I can hardly hear the radio. Would you mind ______ it? A. turning up B. turning down C. turning off D. turning into 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我几乎听不见收音机，你介意把音量调大一点吗？考点 turn 短语。turn up 调大音量；turn down 调小、拒绝；turn off 关闭；turn into 变成。听不清需要调大音量。 17. There is a big blackboard ______ our classroom. A. in front of B. in the front of C. on front of D. at front of 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我们教室内部的前面有一块大黑板。考点 in front of /in the front of。in the front of 指空间“内部”的前部；黑板安装在教室里面，选 in the front of。 18. He put forward a useful suggestion, but the manager ______. A. turned it down B. turned it up C. turned on it D. turned off it 【答案】A 【解析】句意：他提出一条有用的建议，但是经理拒绝了。考点 turn 短语。turn down 两层含义：调小音量；拒绝提议、请求。本句对象是 suggestion，此处取 “拒绝” 含义。 19. As classmates, we should ______ each other. A. be kind for B. be kind to C. be kind of D. be kind with 【答案】B 【解析】句意：作为同学，我们应当互相友好。考点 kind 短语。be kind to sb“对某人友好和善”，介词固定用 to。 20. It’s ______ to clean the reading‑room. Please get ready. A. my turn B. I turn C. me turn D. mine turn 【答案】A 【解析】句意：轮到我打扫阅览室了，请做好准备。考点 turn 句型。It’s one’s turn to do sth“轮到某人做某事”，one’s 用形容词性物主代词 my。 21. My deskmate ______ a notebook from me yesterday and hasn’t given it back. A. borrowed B. lent C. kept D. returned 【答案】A 【解析】句意：昨天我的同桌向我借走一个笔记本，还没有归还。考点 borrow。borrow sth from sb“向某人借入某物”；lend 是借出。对于同桌来说是借入，时间 yesterday 用过去式 borrowed。 22. When temperature drops below zero, water will ______ ice. A. turn up B. turn into C. turn off D. turn to 【答案】B 【解析】句意：气温降到零度以下的时候，水会变成冰。考点 turn 短语。turn into “变成”；turn up 调大；turn off 关闭；turn to 求助、转向。描述物质形态转变选 turn into。 23. There are some holes ______, so the wall needs repairing. A. in the wall B. on the wall C. above the wall D. over the wall 【答案】A 【解析】句意：墙体里面有一些洞，所以这面墙需要维修。考点 in the wall /on the wall。洞镶嵌在墙体内部，使用 in the wall。 24. Please ______ Page 78 and read the short text together. A. turn on B. turn to C. turn off D. turn down 【答案】B 【解析】句意：请翻到 78 页，一起读这篇小短文。考点 turn 短语。`turn to +页码`表示翻到某一页；其余短语和翻书无关。 25. ______ hobbies are popular among middle‑school students. A. All kinds of B. All kind of C. A kind of D. A kinds of 【答案】A 【解析】句意：各种各样的爱好在中学生之间很流行。考点 kind 名词短语。all kinds of “各种各样的”，kind 用复数；a kind of “一种”。 26. —I need your dictionary. —Sorry, I ______ it from Tom, and I can’t ______ it to you. A. borrowed; lend B. lent; borrow C. borrowed; borrow D. lent; lend 【答案】A 【解析】句意：—— 我需要你的词典。—— 抱歉，我从汤姆那里借来的，我不能把它借给你。考点 borrow、lend。borrow…from 借入；lend…to 借出。第一空是我向 Tom 借入词典；第二空我不能借出给对方。 27. It’s our turn ______ the duty report in class. A. give B. giving C. to give D. gave 【答案】C 【解析】句意：轮到我们在课堂上做值日报告。考点 turn 句型。It’s one’s turn to do sth后面接动词不定式 to do。 28. You can see lots of fresh grapes ______. A. on the tree B. in the tree C. at tree D. over tree 【答案】A 【解析】句意：你可以看见树上结了很多新鲜的葡萄。考点 in the tree /on the tree。葡萄是植物长出来的果实，用 on the tree。 29. Remember ______ the electric fan before you leave. A. to turn off B. turn off C. turning off D. turned off 【答案】A 【解析】句意：在你离开之前，记得关掉电风扇。考点 turn 短语 + remember。remember to do sth 记得要做未发生的事；turn off 关闭电器。 30. There is a notice board ______ the office. A. in the front of B. in front of C. on front of D. at front of 【答案】B 【解析】句意：办公室的外面有一块公告栏。考点 in front of /in the front of。公告栏放置在办公室建筑外部，用 in front of。 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. I ______ (borrow) several storybooks from the city library last Saturday. 【答案】borrowed 【解析】句意：上周六我从市图书馆借了几本故事书。考点 borrow 时态。last Saturday 一般过去时，borrow 过去式 borrowed。 2. Could you ______ (lend) me your ruler for several minutes? 【答案】lend 【解析】句意：你可以把你的尺子借给我几分钟吗？考点 lend。情态动词 could 后接动词原形，lend 表示借出。 3. Let him ______ (clean) the windows as his housework today. 【答案】clean 【解析】句意：让他把擦窗户作为今天的家务。考点 let。let sb do sth，let 后接动词原形。 4. It’s her turn ______ (make) a speech at the class meeting. 【答案】to make 【解析】句意：轮到她在班会上做演讲。考点 turn 句型。It’s one’s turn to do sth用不定式 to do。 5. Please remember ______ (turn) off the light when you go out. 【答案】to turn 【解析】句意：出门的时候，请记得关灯。考点 turn 短语。remember to do sth 记得要做某事；turn off 关闭灯光。 6. It’s kind of you ______ (share) your useful notes with your classmates. 【答案】to share 【解析】句意：你愿意和同学们分享有用笔记，你真好。考点 kind 句型。It’s +adj.+of sb to do sth，不定式作真正主语。 7. They take turns ______ (look) after the sick old man. 【答案】to look /looking 【解析】句意：他们轮流照顾这位生病的老人。考点 turn 短语。take turns to do /doing sth 轮流做某事，两种均可。 8. Would you mind ______ (turn) down your radio? Your sister is sleeping. 【答案】turning 【解析】句意：你介意把收音机音量调小吗？你的妹妹正在睡觉。考点 turn 短语。mind 后面接动名词 doing；turn down 调小音量。 9. Many different ______ (kind) of plants grow in this mountain area. 【答案】kinds 【解析】句意：这片山区生长着许多不同种类的植物。考点 kind 名词。different kinds of “不同种类的”，kind 变复数 kinds。 10. He ______ (lend) his favourite basketball to me the day before yesterday. 【答案】lent 【解析】句意：前天他把他心爱的篮球借给了我。考点 lend 时态。the day before yesterday 一般过去时，lend 过去式 lent。 11. Let’s ______ (turn) to Page 40 and start our reading task. 【答案】turn 【解析】句意：让我们翻到 40 页，开始阅读任务。考点 turn 短语。let’s 后接动词原形；turn to + 页码翻到某页。 12. Ice can ______ (turn) into water under high temperature. 【答案】turn 【解析】句意：高温之下冰可以变成水。考点 turn 短语。情态动词 can 后接动词原形；turn into “变成”。 13. Let them not ______ (play) ball games inside the hall. 【答案】play 【解析】句意：不要让他们在大厅里面打球。考点 let 否定。`let sb not do sth`，依旧使用动词原形。 14. You should be kind ______ (treat) every partner in your group. 【答案】to treat 【解析】句意：你应当友善对待小组里面每一位搭档。考点 kind。be kind to do sth，不定式作状语。 15. We took turns ______ (give) reports in yesterday’s English class. 【答案】to give /giving 【解析】句意：昨天英语课上我们轮流做报告。考点 turn 短语。take turns to do /doing sth 轮流做某事。 16. You can ______ (borrow) some magazines from the school reading room. 【答案】borrow 【解析】句意：你可以从学校阅览室借一些杂志。考点 borrow。情态动词 can 后接动词原形，borrow …from 从…… 借入。 17. Remember ______ (turn) up the recorder so that everyone can hear clearly. 【答案】to turn 【解析】句意：记得把录音机音量调大，让所有人都听清楚。考点 turn 短语。remember to do sth 记得要做某事；turn up 调大音量。 18. There ______ (be) several nice posters on the wall of our classroom. 【答案】are 【解析】句意：我们教室墙面上有几张好看的海报。考点 on the wall。on the wall 物品贴挂墙面；posters 复数，there be 用 are。 19. Would you like ______ (take) turns to finish this hard task? 【答案】to take 【解析】句意：你们愿意轮流完成这项艰巨任务吗？考点 turn 短语。would you like to do sth 固定搭配，不定式 to do。 20. He ______ (not lend) his new bike to anybody last month. 【答案】didn’t lend 【解析】句意：上个月他不肯把新自行车借给任何人。考点 lend 时态。last month 一般过去时否定：didn’t + 动词原形 lend。 21. It ______ (be) my turn to clean the blackboard tomorrow morning. 【答案】will be 【解析】句意：明天早上轮到我擦黑板。考点 turn 句型。tomorrow 表将来，It will be one’s turn to do。 22. Please let us ______ (know) if you meet any disagreement. 【答案】know 【解析】句意：如果你遇到分歧，请告知我们。考点 let。let sb do sth，let 接动词原形。 23. This kind of orange ______ (grow) on the tree in southern China. 【答案】grows 【解析】句意：这种橙子生长在中国南方的树上。考点 on the tree。客观真理一般现在时；this kind of orange 视作单数，谓语 grows。 24. We can turn to our head‑teacher ______ (ask) for useful advice. 【答案】to ask 【解析】句意：我们可以向班主任求助，获取有用建议。考点 turn to sb for help。不定式 to ask 表目的。 25. The little cat ______ (climb) in the tree and couldn’t jump down just now. 【答案】climbed 【解析】句意：刚才小猫爬到树上，跳不下来。考点 in the tree。just now 一般过去时，climb 过去式 climbed。 26. It’s kind of these volunteers ______ (help) homeless people. 【答案】to help 【解析】句意：这些志愿者帮助无家可归的人，他们十分善良。考点 kind 句型。It’s +adj.+of sb to do sth，不定式作真正主语。 27. Don’t let your sister ______ (stay) outside too late at night. 【答案】stay 【解析】句意：夜里不要让你的妹妹在外面待到太晚。考点 let。let sb do sth 接动词原形。 28. When you arrive at the crossing, please ______ (turn) right. 【答案】turn 【解析】句意：当你到达十字路口，请右转。考点 turn 短语。祈使句用动词原形 turn；turn right 右转。 29. All __________ (kind) of outdoor activities are organized in our school every term. 【答案】kinds 【解析】句意：每学期我们学校都会组织各种各样的户外活动。考点 all kinds of。 30. You’d better ______ (turn) to your teacher when you are in trouble. 【答案】turn 【解析】句意：当你陷入困境，你最好向你的老师求助。考点 turn 短语。had better 后接动词原形；turn to sb 向某人求助。 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1. 遇到麻烦的时候，你可以向你的老师求助。 You can ______ ______ your teacher ______ help when you are in trouble. 【答案】turn to; for 【解析】考点 turn 短语。turn to sb for help “向某人求助”；情态动词 can 后接动词原形。 2. 不要把你的随身听借给别的同学。 Don’t ______ your walkman ______ other classmates. 【答案】lend; to 【解析】考点 lend。lend sth to sb 把某物借给某人；否定祈使句 don’t 后接动词原形。 3. 轮到我们打扫学校图书馆了。 It’s ______ ______ to clean the school library. 【答案】our turn 【解析】考点 turn 句型。It’s one’s turn to do sth 轮到某人做某事；our 形容词性物主代词修饰 turn。 4. 墙上有几扇老式木窗户。 There are several old wooden windows ______ ______ ______. 【答案】in the wall 【解析】考点 in the wall。窗户镶嵌墙体内部用 in the wall。 5. 请在第一个路口右转。 Please ______ ______ at the first crossing. 【答案】turn right 【解析】考点 turn 短语。turn right 右转，祈使句动词原形开头。 6. 舞台的内部前面摆放着一架钢琴。 There stands a piano ______ ______ ______ ______ the stage. 【答案】in the front of 【解析】考点 in front of/in the front of。钢琴处在舞台空间之内，用 in the front of。 7. 树上长的苹果又大又甜。 The apples ______ ______ ______ are big and sweet. 【答案】on the tree 【解析】考点 on the tree。果实长在树上用 on the tree。 8. 让我们翻到第 22 页，完成阅读理解。 Let’s ______ ______ Page Twenty‑two and finish the reading comprehension. 【答案】turn to 【解析】考点 turn 短语。turn to + 页码翻到某页；let’s 后接动词原形。 9. 对班上每一位同学友善是好品质。 ______ ______ ______ every classmate is a good quality. 【答案】Being kind to 【解析】考点 be kind to sb。短语作主语，be 变动名词 being。 10. 离开教室前记得关闭所有电灯。 Remember to ______ ______ all the lights before you leave the classroom. 【答案】turn off 【解析】考点 turn 短语。turn off 关闭电器；remember to do，to 后接动词原形。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 中考核心知识点精讲精练（2） 知识讲解 知识点一：borrow 和lend 的用法 1. borrow (v) 意为 “____________” 向某人 / 某地借某物 ___________________________ 例： 昨天他向他的朋友借了一些钱。 _______________________________________________. 2. lend (v) 意为 “__________”；过去式 ___________；过去分词 ___________ 把某物借给某人 ① ______________ ② _____________________ 注：当某物为 it /them 时，只能用 lend sth to sb，不能用 lend sb sth。 例：你能借给我你的橡皮吗？ ① ___________________________________ ② ____________________________________ 注：borrow 与 from 连用，lend 与 to 连用。 知识点二：let的用法 let (v) 意为 “___________”；过去式 ___________；过去分词 __________ (1) 让某人做某事 ① _______________________ ② _____________________________ ③ ________________________ ④ _________________________ 例：我的妈妈刚才让我打开窗户。 ① _________________________________ ② ___________________________________ ③ ____________________________________ ④ _____________________________________ 注：变否定句时在 sb 后加 not。 (2) 给别人提建议 ____________________________ 例：让我们一起打篮球吧！ ________________________________ 知识点三：turn 的用法 1. turn (v) 意为 “_______________” 　 (n). 意为 “________________________” 2. 常用固定短语： (1) 在…… 地方左转 / 右转　 ____________________________ 例：你应该在交通灯处右转。 ____________________________________ (2) 转向某地，翻到…… 页　 __________________ 例（1）：请转向左边的门。 ___________________________________ 例（2）老师昨天让我们翻到第三页。 ________________________________________________ (3) 打开（电器）　________________________ 例：天气太热了，请打开风扇。 _________________________________ (4) 关闭　__________________ 例：离开前记得关灯。 __________________________________________. (5) 调高（音量），出现　 ________________ 例：你能把收音机音量调大一点吗？我听不见。 ___________________________________________. (6) 调低（音量），拒绝 ___________________ 例： 她拒绝了我的帮助。 ___________________________ (7) 向某人求助 ① _______________________ ② ___________________________ 例：当你有问题的时候，你可以向老师求助。 ____________________________________________ (8) 变成　 _________________ 例：在寒冷的天气里，水会变成冰。 _______________________________________ (9) 轮到某人做某事了。 _____________________________. 例：轮到我打扫教室了。 _______________________________________. (10). 轮流做某事　_______________________________________________ 例（1）我们轮流擦黑板。 ___________________________________________. 例（2）昨天他们轮流唱歌。 ___________________________________________ (11). 在…… 的转弯处　 _________________________ 例：在这条路的转弯处有一家小店。 _______________________________________________. 知识点四：in front of ,in the front of ,in the tree ,on the tree, in the wall , on the wall 的用法 1. 在…… 的前面 ① _______________________（在外部的前面） ② __________________________（在内部的前面） 例(1). 在教室的前面有一棵大树。 ________________________________________ 例(2). 老师正站在教室的前面。 ________________________________________________. 2. 在树上 ① in the tree（落在树上） ② on the tree（长在树上） 例(1). 一只小鸟在树上。 ________________________________. 例(2). 一些红苹果在树上。 __________________________________. 3. 在墙上 ① ________________（嵌在墙里，常指门、窗户、洞） ② _____________________（在墙的表面） 例 (1). 墙上有三扇窗户。 ___________________________________ 例 (2). 墙上有一张地图。 _________________________. 知识点五：kinds的用法 1. kind (adj) 意为 “ _________________”，同义词 __________ 和 _________________。 2. kind (n) 意为 “_________________” 常用固定短语 (1) 对某人友好 / 和善 _____________________ 例：她对她的同学们很友好。 _____________________________ (2) 某人做某事真是太好了。 _____________________________ 例：你能帮助我真是太好了。 ______________________________ (3) 一种…… _________________________ 例：这是一种动物。 ___________________________ (4) 各种各样的 _______________________ 例：公园里有各种各样的花。 ________________________________ (5) 有点儿，稍微 ① ________________ ② ____________________ 例：今天有点儿冷。 ① _________________________ ② ____________________________ 【巩固练习】 一、单项选择 1. —Can I ______ your history textbook? —Sorry, I can’t ______ it to you. I need it for my test. A. lend; borrow B. borrow; lend C. borrow; borrow D. lend; lend 2. Don’t let the kids ______ fireworks near the buildings. A. set off B. sets off C. to set off D. setting off 3. There is a beautiful garden ______ the teaching‑building. A. in front of B. in the front of C. on front of D. on the front of 4. When you meet difficulty in study, you can ______ your deskmate ______ help. A. turn; to B. turn to; for C. turn on; for D. turn off; to 5. Some little birds are staying ______. A. on the tree B. in the tree C. at the tree D. over the tree 6. It’s really kind ______ the teenagers to give seats to old people. A. for B. of C. to D. with 7. Please ______ the heater when nobody stays inside the room. A. turn on B. turn up C. turn off D. turn to 8. You can see several windows ______. A. on the wall B. in the wall C. over the wall D. above the wall 9. It’s your duty, so you and your partners should ______ to finish it. A. take turns B. take turn C. make turns D. make turn 10. —Could you ______ me your scissors? —Sorry, I have ______ them to Lisa already. A. lend; lent B. borrow; lent C. lend; borrowed D. borrow; borrow 11. I felt ______ tired after the long hiking. A. a kind of B. kind of C. all kinds of D. kinds of 12. Let ______ finish their discussion quietly. Don’t disturb them. A. they B. them C. their D. theirs 13. You need to ______ at the third crossing, then go straight ahead. A. turn left B. turn to left C. turn the left D. turn leftly 14. Those big red pears are ______, and they will be picked soon. A. in the tree B. on the tree C. at tree D. over tree 15. It’s kind ______ you to offer help to your classmates in need. A. for B. of C. to D. with 16. I can hardly hear the radio. Would you mind ______ it? A. turning up B. turning down C. turning off D. turning into 17. There is a big blackboard ______ our classroom. A. in front of B. in the front of C. on front of D. at front of 18. He put forward a useful suggestion, but the manager ______. A. turned it down B. turned it up C. turned on it D. turned off it 19. As classmates, we should ______ each other. A. be kind for B. be kind to C. be kind of D. be kind with 20. It’s ______ to clean the reading‑room. Please get ready. A. my turn B. I turn C. me turn D. mine turn 21. My deskmate ______ a notebook from me yesterday and hasn’t given it back. A. borrowed B. lent C. kept D. returned 22. When temperature drops below zero, water will ______ ice. A. turn up B. turn into C. turn off D. turn to 23. There are some holes ______, so the wall needs repairing. A. in the wall B. on the wall C. above the wall D. over the wall 24. Please ______ Page 78 and read the short text together. A. turn on B. turn to C. turn off D. turn down 25. ______ hobbies are popular among middle‑school students. A. All kinds of B. All kind of C. A kind of D. A kinds of 26. —I need your dictionary. —Sorry, I ______ it from Tom, and I can’t ______ it to you. A. borrowed; lend B. lent; borrow C. borrowed; borrow D. lent; lend 27. It’s our turn ______ the duty report in class. A. give B. giving C. to give D. gave 28. You can see lots of fresh grapes ______. A. on the tree B. in the tree C. at tree D. over tree 29. Remember ______ the electric fan before you leave. A. to turn off B. turn off C. turning off D. turned off 30. There is a notice board ______ the office. A. in the front of B. in front of C. on front of D. at front of 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. I ______ (borrow) several storybooks from the city library last Saturday. 2. Could you ______ (lend) me your ruler for several minutes? 3. Let him ______ (clean) the windows as his housework today. 4. It’s her turn ______ (make) a speech at the class meeting. 5. Please remember ______ (turn) off the light when you go out. 6. It’s kind of you ______ (share) your useful notes with your classmates. 7. They take turns ______ (look) after the sick old man. 8. Would you mind ______ (turn) down your radio? Your sister is sleeping. 9. Many different ______ (kind) of plants grow in this mountain area. 10. He ______ (lend) his favourite basketball to me the day before yesterday. 11. Let’s ______ (turn) to Page 40 and start our reading task. 12. Ice can ______ (turn) into water under high temperature. 13. Let them not ______ (play) ball games inside the hall. 14. You should be kind ______ (treat) every partner in your group. 15. We took turns ______ (give) reports in yesterday’s English class. 16. You can ______ (borrow) some magazines from the school reading room. 17. Remember ______ (turn) up the recorder so that everyone can hear clearly. 18. There ______ (be) several nice posters on the wall of our classroom. 19. Would you like ______ (take) turns to finish this hard task? 20. He ______ (not lend) his new bike to anybody last month. 21. It ______ (be) my turn to clean the blackboard tomorrow morning. 22. Please let us ______ (know) if you meet any disagreement. 23. This kind of orange ______ (grow) on the tree in southern China. 24. We can turn to our head‑teacher ______ (ask) for useful advice. 25. The little cat ______ (climb) in the tree and couldn’t jump down just now. 26. It’s kind of these volunteers ______ (help) homeless people. 27. Don’t let your sister ______ (stay) outside too late at night. 28. When you arrive at the crossing, please ______ (turn) right. 29. All __________ (kind) of outdoor activities are organized in our school every term. 30. You’d better ______ (turn) to your teacher when you are in trouble. 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1. 遇到麻烦的时候，你可以向你的老师求助。 You can ______ ______ your teacher ______ help when you are in trouble. 2. 不要把你的随身听借给别的同学。 Don’t ______ your walkman ______ other classmates. 3. 轮到我们打扫学校图书馆了。 It’s ______ ______ to clean the school library. 4. 墙上有几扇老式木窗户。 There are several old wooden windows ______ ______ ______. 5. 请在第一个路口右转。 Please ______ ______ at the first crossing. 6. 舞台的内部前面摆放着一架钢琴。 There stands a piano ______ ______ ______ ______ the stage. 7. 树上长的苹果又大又甜。 The apples ______ ______ ______ are big and sweet. 8. 让我们翻到第 22 页，完成阅读理解。 Let’s ______ ______ Page Twenty‑two and finish the reading comprehension. 9. 对班上每一位同学友善是好品质。 ______ ______ ______ every classmate is a good quality. 10. 离开教室前记得关闭所有电灯。 Remember to ______ ______ all the lights before you leave the classroom. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $