2 专题二 动词(语法讲练)（课件PPT）-【鼎成中考·精准提分】2027年河南中考英语（课标版）

精准提分 英语 2027 软件使用 本课件使用office软件制作，建议老师使用相应软件打开 编辑修改 本课件全文可单击进行编辑修改 便捷操作 快速核答案题号以及返回图标等都有超链接 点击即可跳转至相应页面 封面版式 01 图解语法·学规律 02 语境语法·练运用 03 对接中考·明方向 专题二 动词 04 模拟演练·提能力 目录 2 1 3 语境语法·练运用 答案速核 专题二 动词 （点击题号跳转到试题） 5 4 6 C E A C C C 8 7 9 11 10 C D B D A 13 12 do is tastes 14 need 15 put 16 18 17 becomes eating looks 19 can 20 has made 21 23 22 repaired am watching will be solved 24 will wash 25 was losing 26 28 27 offers are built was used 29 返回目录 语境语法·练运用 答案速核 专题二 动词 （点击题号跳转到试题） 30 × 32 31 √ × × 33 × 34 √ 35 37 36 is is are 38 is 39 is 40 42 41 support is like are 43 connects 44 matters 45 返回目录 2 1 3 对接中考·明方向 答案速核 （点击题号跳转到试题） 5 4 6 produce turn solve visit traveled/travelled caught 7 8 built decided 9 10 considered needed 11 selling 专题二 动词 13 12 working to to 14 to 15 to 16 18 17 to are is 19 is 20 are 21 返回目录 C D D 答案速核 （点击题号跳转到试题） 模拟演练·提能力 1 6 11 一 B 2 A 3 D 4 C 5 D 7 B 8 C 9 B 10 A 12 A 13 C 14 B 15 二 because 1 challenging 2 years 3 doing 4 become 5 been 6 explain 7 greets 8 off 9 open 10 专题二 动词 with 11 that 12 and 13 to 14 was 15 返回目录 图解语法·学规律 动词 动词的分类 实义动词 (5年5考) 系动词 (5年4考) 助动词 情态动词 按能否直接 接宾语分类 及物动词，可直接接宾语：Love me，love my dog. 不及物动词，不可直接接宾语：Look at me. 按动作是否 能够持续分类 延续性动词：sleep，wait 非延续性动词：die，arrive “是”系动词：be，keep，remain，stay，seem，appear 感官系动词：look，feel，smell，sound，taste 变化系动词：become，grow，turn，get，go 本身无词义或意义不完整，不能单独作谓语：be， do/does/did，have/has/had，shall/will 表示说话人的情态和语气，后接动词原形：can/could，may/might，must，need，will/would，shall/should，have to 返回目录 动词的时 态和语态 动词 六大时态 (5年5考) 被动语态 (5年2考) 一般现在时：am/is/are+其他或动词原形/动词第三人称单数+其他 一般过去时：was/were+其他或动词过去式+其他 一般将来时：am/is/are going to+动词原形+其他或 wil/shall+动词原形+其他 现在进行时：am/is/are+动词现在分词+其他 过去进行时：was/were+动词现在分词+其他 现在完成时：have/has+动词过去分词+其他 一般现在时的被动语态：am/is/are+动词过去分词 一般过去时的被动语态：was/were+动词过去分词 一般将来时的被动语态：am/is/are going to be+动词过去分词或will be+动词过去分词 返回目录 动词 非谓语 动词 (5年5考) 主谓一致 (课标三级＋) 动词不定式 “to do”在句中可作宾语、宾语补足语和目的状语 动词的-ing形式(课标三级+) “v. -ing”在句中作主语、宾语、表 语、定语和状语 动词的-ed形式(课标三级+) “v. -ed”在句中作定语 语法一致原则 主语和谓语动词在语法形式上保持一致 意义一致原则 主语和谓语动词的一致关系取决于主语的单复数意义 就近一致原则 谓语动词的人称和数与邻近的名词或代词保持一致 返回目录 考点一　动词的分类 语境体悟 请为短文中的画线单词选择正确的分类 A.及物动词　　　 B.不及物动词　　 C.系动词 D.助动词　　　 E.情态动词 　　Tom is a hard－working boy. He can spend all his free time in the garden behind his house. He planted different kinds of fruit trees there. 语境语法·练运用 1.( ) 2.( ) 3.( ) C E A 返回目录 　　The trees looked weak at first，but after they got enough sunshine，they became tall and strong day by day. The apples on the trees taste sweet and the birds’ songs sound beautiful every morning. Some people think staying in the garden seems boring，but Tom does not agree with them. He says if we love nature，we will find lots of joy around us. A.及物动词　　B.不及物动词　C.系动词 D.助动词　E.情态动词 4.( ) 5.( ) 6.( ) 7.( ) 8.( ) 10.( ) 9.( ) 11.( ) C C C C D B D A 返回目录 方框选词 become　be　need　eat　can　do　put　taste　look 　　Do you like bingtanghulu？ How much 12.______ you know about it？ As we all know，bingtanghulu 13._____ a traditional Chinese snack. It is very popular in China. It 14._______ both sweet and sour. 　　To make bingtanghulu，we 15._______ haws (山楂)，syrup (糖浆) and bamboo sticks. First，we string (串在一起) five or six haws with a stick. Then，16._______ them into heated syrup. After that，take them out quickly. When the syrup around the haws cools down and 17.__________ a candy coat，a bingtanghulu is ready for 18._________. It has a cute and colorful look. A bunch (串) of bingtanghulu 19.________ like a small tree full of red fruit. You 20.______ also add other fruits like strawberries or grapes to make it more colorful！ do is tastes need put becomes eating looks can 返回目录 用法总结 　　动词可以分为实义动词、系动词、助动词和情态动词。 一、实义动词(5年5考) 　　实义动词是能独立作谓语的动词。 分类依据 类别 用法 例句 能否直接接宾语 及物动词 必须带宾语 She bought a book.她买了一本书。 不及物动词 本身意义完整，不需要接宾语 Time flies.时光飞逝。 He runs fast.他跑得很快。 部分不及物动词需要加 介词后接宾语，如look at 返回目录 分类依据 类别 用法 例句 是否可持续 延续性动词 表示可以持续的动作，可以和表示一段时间的状语连用 I have kept this book for five days. 这本书我已经借了5天了。 非延续性动词 非延续性动词表示瞬间动作，不能和表示一段时间的状语连用 The movie began 20 minutes ago.电影20分钟前开始了。 返回目录 延续性动词和非延续性动词之间的转换 如果和表示一段时间的状语连用就要将非延续性动词转化为延续性动词。 知识拓展 方法好 become→be borrow→keep buy→have leave→be away die→be dead finish→be over begin/start→be on open→be open close→be closed marry→be married put on→wear join→be in/be a member of 返回目录 二、系动词(5年4考) 　　系动词不能单独作谓语，其后必须跟表语构成系表结构，说明主语的性质、特征、品性或状态。 类别 用法 例句 “是”系动词 be动词　　　　　keep保持 remain仍然是 stay保持 seem好像/看来 appear好像/显得 1.表示主语状态或显示出的状态 2.表示主语继续或保持某种状况或态度 I hope we can remain close friends after we graduate from school.我希望我们从学校毕业后仍然是好朋友。 That shop stays open until ten o’clock at night.那家商店一直营业到夜里十点钟。 返回目录 类别 用法 例句 感官系动词 look看起来　　　feel摸起来 smell闻起来 sound听起来 taste尝起来 后接形容词作表语 You look excited！你看起来很兴奋！ That sounds great.听起来不错。 变化系动词 become变成/变得　grow变成/长成 turn变为/变得 get变得/处于 go变得/成为 表示主语变成什么样 He became interested in studying.他变得对学习感兴趣了。 It suddenly started to rain and we all got wet.突然下起雨来，我们都淋湿了。 返回目录 三、助动词 　　助动词本身无词汇意义或意义不完全，不能单独作谓语。助动词在句中与实义动词一起构成谓语，以表示时态、语态和语气，或帮助构成否定句或疑问句等。 类别 用法 例句 be 构成进行时 I am climbing the mountains now.我现在正在爬山。 构成被动语态 I was deeply moved by his words.我被他的话深深地感动了。 返回目录 类别 用法 例句 do/does/did 构成疑问句或否定句 Do you like playing basketball？ 你喜欢打篮 球吗？ He doesn’t like to talk about his private life.他不愿谈及他的私生活。 加强语气 Do get here on time.一定要准时到达这里。 代替前面出现的动词 I watered the flower as he did before.我像他之前那样浇花。 have/has/had 构成完成时 I have been in China for ten years.我已经在中国十年了。 shall/will 构成一般将来时，shall用于第一人称，will用于各种人称 I shall go to Japan next week.下周我要去日本。 There will be a football match tonight.今天晚上将会有一场足球比赛。 返回目录 四、情态动词 　　情态动词表示说话人的情态和语气，如需要、可能、意愿、怀疑等。在形式上，情态动词一般没有人称和数的变化，不单独使用，其后接动词原形。 类别 含义及用法 例句 can/could be able to 指通过努力或者学习后获得的能力 表示能力 “能，会”，表示现在或过去的能力 The boy can play football very well.这个男孩足球踢得很好。 表示请求 或许可 “可以”，用于疑问句中，委婉表达用could Can I ask you a question？ 我可以问你一个问题吗？ 表示推测 “可能”，用于否定句和疑问句中，can’t表示不可能 Could he have known the answer？他可能知道答案吗？ 返回目录 类别 含义及用法 例句 may/might 表示请求 或许可 “可以”，以may开头的一般疑问句，肯定回答用can或may，否定回答用can’t或者mustn’t —May I come into the room to see my mother？ 我可以进房间看看我的母亲吗？ —No，you mustn’t.She needs to have a good rest.不，你不能进。她需要好好休息。 表示推测 “或许，大概”，表示可能性不大的推测，可能性的程度弱于can或could He may/might be busy now.他现在可能很忙。 表示希望、祝愿 “祝愿”，常用于句首 May you have good luck.祝你好运。 返回目录 类别 含义及用法 例句 must 否定形式mustn’t“禁止；不许” 表示必须 have to表示客观上的必须或不得不 “必须；一定”，有必要或有义务做某事。以must开头的一般疑问句，肯定回答用must/have to，否定回答用needn’t或者don’t have to We must stop and look both ways before we cross the road.过马路前，我们必须停下来看看两边。 I have to finish my work today.我今天不得不完成我的工作。 表示推测 “一定”，指有把握的推测，用于肯定句 He must be at home now.他现在一定在家。 返回目录 类别 含义及用法 例句 need 作情态动词 用于疑问句，意为“需要”；用于否定句，needn’t 意为“不必” Need I call him now？需要我现在给他打电话吗？ You needn’t do it again.你不需要再做这件事了。 作实义动词 “需要”，有人称和数的变化，后接动词不定式 I need to clean my room.我需要打扫我的房间。 返回目录 类别 含义及用法 例句 should 同义词ought to 表示责任、义务、建议或劝告 “应该，应当” We should learn to look after ourselves at school.在学校我们应该学会照顾自己。 表示征询意见 “应该”，常用于疑问句中 What should we do？ 我们应该做什么？ 返回目录 类别 含义及用法 例句 shall 表示征求意见或请求 “……好吗？”，用于主语为第一人称的疑问句 Shall we go to the park for a picnic this weekend？ 这周末我们去公园野餐好吗？ 表示说话人的意愿 “命令、警告、决心、允诺”，用于主语为第二、三人称的陈述句 You shall not throw rubbish everywhere. 你不应该把垃圾扔得到处都是。 返回目录 类别 含义及用法 例句 will/would 表示询问或请求 “将；可以”，用于疑问句中，常用于第二人称 Will you lend that book to me？ 你会把那本书借给我吗？ 表示意志、愿望和决心 常用于陈述句中 I wish you would be quiet for a minute. 我希望你会安静一会儿。 返回目录 类别 含义及用法 例句 have to 表示必须 “不得不，必须”，强调客观外界条件迫使；有人称、数和时态的变化； 否定形式：don’t/doesn’t/didn’t have to，意为“不必” It is raining hard，so I have to stay indoors. 雨下得很大，所以我不得不待在室内。 返回目录 考点二　动词的时态(5年5考)和语态(5年2考) 语境体悟 方框选词 solve　use　make　wash　build　repair　watch　offer　lose 21.(2026·福建) —Jack __________ some changes to his lifestyle recently. —So he is much healthier than before. 22.(2026·安徽) —Jenny，your bike is working again. —Yes. My friend Edward __________ it for me yesterday. 23.—Sam，could you help me in the kitchen now？ —No，I _____________ TV. It’s the most important game of the season. 24.—There has been less and less pollution these years. —The government has put a great effort into it. I’m sure this problem _____________ one day. has made repaired am watching will be solved 返回目录 solve　use　make　wash　build　repair　watch　offer　lose 25.—Lisa，your shoes are dirty. —Oh，just leave them there，Mum. I __________ them this afternoon. 26.Mr. Olson went to the doctor when he found he ____________ his hair. He hoped he would be able to keep his thick hair. 27.(2026·北京) Anna ________ a helping hand all the time because she believes that acts of kindness encourage others to be kind. 28.(2026·扬州) Cities in China are becoming more beautiful，as more parks _________ every year. 29.(2026·连云港) Since 3D printing __________ in the medical area，making a hearing aid has become faster. will wash was losing offers are built was used 返回目录 用法总结 一、六大时态(5年5考) 类别 结构 时间标志词 用法及例句 一般 现在时 (5年1考) 1.am/is/are＋其他 2.动词原形/动词第三人称单数＋其他 1.频度副词，如usually，sometimes 2.every系列，如every year/day　 1.表示经常性、习惯性发生的动作或存在的状态； (2026·62)The water falls down from high places and rushes fast，driving the machines to make electricity. 水从高处落下，急速奔流，推动机器发电。 2.表示客观事实或真理； John told his little daughter light travels faster than sound. John告诉他的小女儿光传播得比声音快。 返回目录 类别 结构 时间标志词 用法及例句 一般 现在时 (5年1考) 1.am/is/are＋其他 2.动词原形/动词第三人称单数＋其他 　 3.on系列，如on Sundays 4.表示次数的，如once a week 3.在时间状语从句(as soon as，when，until)和条件状语从句(if，unless)中，从句常用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时； I’ll call you as soon as I arrive in London.一到伦敦我就会给你打电话。 4.一般现在时表将来：只用于客观时刻表、日程表、规章制度上已经确定、不可随意更改的将来事件。 Could you please help me check when the train leaves？你能帮我查一下火车什么时候开吗？ 返回目录 类别 结构 时间标志词 用法及例句 一般 过去时 (5年2考) 1.was/were＋其他 2.动词过去式＋其他 yesterday，last系列，in＋过去时间，just now，ago系列，in the past等 表示在过去时间所发生的动作或存在的状态；也可表示过去经常或反复发生的动作 (2025·60)In order to learn how to paint landscapes，Wu followed a great painter and he travelled to many places with mountains and rivers. 为了学习如何绘制山水画，吴(道子)拜一位大画家为师，并游历了许多山川胜地。 He used to write during his free periods at school. 他过去上学时常在空闲时间写作。 返回目录 类别 结构 时间标志词 用法及例句 一般 将来时 be about to＋动词原形，也表将来 1.will/shall＋动词原形 2.am/is/are going to＋动词原形 tomorrow系列，next系列，in＋将来时间等 表示在未来的某个时间将要发生的某个动作或存在的状态 I’m going to show you the sights of our wonderful city.我将带你参观我们这座美丽城市的风景名胜。 They will go to Beijing next week.下周他们将要去北京。 返回目录 类别 结构 时间标志词 用法及例句 现在 进行时 am/is/are＋动词现在分词 now，at the moment，look，listen，these days等 1.表示此刻或现阶段正在进行的动作； Air pollution is causing more and more problems.空气污染正在引发越来越多的问题。 2.表示最近按计划或安排要进行的动作； Are you coming or not？ Make your mind up quickly.你来还是不来？快点做决定。 3.常与always，forever等连用，表示说话人的某种感情色彩。 The students in Class One are always studying hard. 一班的学生总是努力学习。 返回目录 类别 结构 时间标志词 用法及例句 过去 进行时 was/were＋动词现在分词 at that time，at＋过去具体时间点，at this time yesterday等 表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作 I was busy yesterday.I was preparing for the exams.我昨天很忙。忙着准备考试。 现在 完成时 (5年3考) have/has＋动词过去分词 already，yet，ever，never，before，so far，recently，over the years等 表示过去发生的动作延续到现在或继续延续，并与现在有联系或对现在产生影响 I have learned English for three years and I’m much better at it now.我已经学了三年英语，并且现在更擅长英语了。 返回目录 二、被动语态(5年2考) 　　如果主语是动作的执行者，使用主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者，则使用被动语态。 类别 结构 例句 一般现在时的被动语态(5年1考) am/is/are＋动词过去分词 (2026·57) For example，wind energy is widely used. 例如，风能被广泛应用。 返回目录 类别 结构 例句 一般过去时的被动语态(5年1考) was/were＋动词过去分词 (2024·60) The boy cried because the money was needed to pay for the medical treatment of his sick mother.这个男孩哭了，因为这笔钱是用来支付他生病母亲的医疗费用的。 一般将来时的被动语态 will/shall＋be＋动词过去分词 They will be posted on the school website.它们将在学校网站上公布。 be going to＋be＋动词过去分词 The photos are going to be shown in the school magazine.这些照片将在校刊上展示。 返回目录 使役动词(make，have等)或感官动词(feel，hear，smell，taste，sound等)后面跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语；若是用于被动语态，要加to。如： The story made me laugh.→ I was made to laugh by the story. She heard the man talk on the phone.→ The man was heard to talk on the phone by her. 方法好 知识拓展 返回目录 考点三　非谓语动词(5年5考) 语境体悟 判断以下句子正误 30.I want visit my grandparents this summer vacation. I really miss them. (　　) 31.I plan to visit Mount Huaguo. But I can’t decide what to wear. (　　) 32.The sign warns people not walk on thin ice. (　　) 33.The boy was seen break the window by many students yesterday. (　　) 34.When we walk along the river，we should pay attention to keep away from deep water. (　　) 35.We practice running every afternoon to get ready for the coming school sports meeting. (　　) ✕ √ ✕ ✕ ✕ √ 返回目录 用法总结 一、动词不定式(5年5考) 　　动词不定式的基本结构是“to＋动词原形(to do)”，其否定形式为“not to＋动词原形(not to do)”。 (一)动词不定式的常见功能 功能 结构 相关词汇/用法 例句 作宾语 动词＋不定式(to do sth.) 此类动词有afford，agree，ask，begin，choose，decide，expect，hope，wish，like，learn，manage，need，offer，prefer，prepare，promise，refuse，want等 I want to call my teacher and ask her some questions.我想给我的老师打电话问她一些问题。 疑问词＋不定式 when/how/why to do，what/which to do等 I don’t know what to buy for my mother.我不知道给我妈妈买什么。 返回目录 功能 结构 相关词汇/用法 例句 作宾补 动词＋宾语＋不定式(to do sth.) 此类动词有ask，allow，advise，encourage，expect，invite，order，tell，teach，warn，wish，want，would like等 Jack asked his friend Anna to have dinner with him.Jack邀请他的朋友Anna和他共进晚餐。 动词＋宾语＋不定式(do sth.) 省略to的不定式 此类动词有使役动词let，make，have等和感官动词see，hear，watch，notice，feel等 Susan is always happy to share funny stories with people and make them all laugh.Susan总是乐于与人分享有趣的故事，逗人发笑。 动词＋宾语＋不定式(to be ＋adj./n.) 常见的一些表示心理状态的动词，如： believe，consider，find，imagine，suppose，think等 I thought her to be nice and honest the first time I met her.我第一次见她时认为她人好又诚实。 返回目录 功能 结构 相关词汇/用法 例句 作目的 状语 常用来表目的 等同于in order to do sth. I work hard to earn more money. 我为了赚更多的钱而努力工作。 To play the piano well，one needs much practice.要想把钢琴弹好，就需要大量的练习。 返回目录 1.感官动词后接不带to的动词不定式作宾补，强调动作经常发生或发生的全过程；接现在分词时则强调动作正在进行。如： I saw him playing basketball when I passed the playground.我经过操场时，看见他正在打篮球。 I heard him sing a song. 我听到他唱了一首歌。 2.…find/think/consider it ＋ 形容词 ＋ to do sth. 表示“(某人)发现/认为/觉得做某事是……的”。如： I find it very interesting to learn English. 我发现学英语很有趣。 知识拓展 方法好 返回目录 (二)含有动词不定式的常见句型 句型 例句 It’s adj. for sb.to do sth. for前的形容词描述事情本身的性质 It is important for us to learn English well.学好英语对我们来说很重要。 It’s adj. of sb.to do sth. of前的形容词描述人的品质/性格 It is very kind of you to take me here.你把我带到这儿，(你)真的很善良啊。 返回目录 句型 例句 It will take/takes/took sb. some time to do sth. It will take us two days to repair this bike.修理这辆自行车将花费我们两天时间。 It’s time for sb.to do sth. It’s time for us to do something for our parents.我们是时候为父母做点什么了。 too… to… The children are too young to sit through a concert.这些孩子太小，音乐会没结束就坐不住了。 There is no need (for sb.) to do sth. There is no need for you to get up early tomorrow.你明天不必早起。 返回目录 二、动词的－ing形式【课标三级＋】(5年2考) 动词的－ing与现在分词同形，既有动词的性质，也有名词的性质。 功能 例句 作主语 Seeing is believing.眼见为实。 作宾语 (2023·59) They say I can choose whatever I want to do in the end if I keep working hard at school.他们说只要在校坚持努力学习，我 最终就能选择自己想做的任何事。 作表语 His hobby is reading books.他的爱好是读书。 作定语 The boy standing under the tree is my brother.站在树下的男孩是我哥哥。 作状语 He sat there，reading a book. 他坐在那里，看一本书。 作动词keep的宾语 返回目录 既可接动词的－ing形式也可接动词不定式作宾语的动词 　　　　　 知识拓展 方法好 返回目录 方法好 返回目录 三、动词的－ed形式【课标三级＋】 功能 例句 作定语 The article written by Jenny won first prize. Jenny写的文章获得了一等奖。 返回目录 考点四　主谓一致【课标三级＋】 语境体悟 完成句子 36.Everyone except Mike ____ going to play basketball because he doesn’t like it. 37.Neither Li Mei nor Liu Hua _____ good at speaking English，so they can’t communicate with foreign students well. 38.Both Mike and I ____ ready for the new high school life. 39.There ____ some beef and apples on the table. 40.Six percent of my homework ______ too hard for me，so I can’t finish it without any help. is are is is is 返回目录 41.Butterflies not only look beautiful but also _________ (support) plant growth. It’s important to protect them. 42.The number of students in this school _____ five hundred，and about three fifths of them ______ (like) creative English homework. 43.Not only Grandpa but also all of us _____ looking forward to meeting my uncle. 44.A top student often ___________ (connect) what he learns in class with real－life situations. 45.Failure is no big deal. You know effort _________ (matter) more than success. support is like are connects matters 返回目录 用法总结 一、语法一致原则 主语 谓语 例句 单数名词、不可数名词或单数的人称代词 单数 Physics is very helpful in our daily life.物理在我们的日常生活中非常有用。 动词不定式、动名词短语或者从句 Looking after the children is his full-time job.照看孩子是他的专职工作。 either，neither，each，every，no＋单数名词，以及some，any，no，every构成的复合不定代词 No one is able to finish the work in such a short time.在这么短的时间内，没人能够完成这项工作。 Every means has been tried to solve the problem. 为了解决这个问题，每种方法都试过了。 the number of＋名词复数 The number of teachers in the school rises by 20 percent.该校的教师人数增加了20％。 返回目录 主语 谓语 例句 名词复数或复数的人称代词 复数 Many trees are planted every year to improve the environment.为了改善环境，每年都种许多树。 a number of＋名词复数 There are a number of books in our school library，and these years the number of them has been growing larger and larger.我们学校图书馆有很多书，而且近几年书的数量在逐渐增长。 返回目录 主语 谓语 例句 主语后面有with，together with，along with，except，but，like，as well as，rather than，more than，no less than，besides，including等结构 与主语 保持 一致 I，along with my classmates，am going to climb Mount Taishan.我打算和同学们一起爬泰山。 Everyone except Tom and Mike was there when the meeting began.会议开始时，除了Tom和Mike，每个人都在那儿。 Peter as well as his parents likes doing sports on weekends.Peter和他的父母都喜欢在周末做运动。 由“分数/百分数＋of＋名词”构成的短语 71％ of the surface of the earth is covered with water.地球表面的71％被水覆盖。 Only one fifth of the students have passed the exam.只有五分之一的学生通过了这次考试。 返回目录 主语 谓语 例句 由“half/some/most/a lot/lots/ plenty/the rest＋of＋名词”构成的短语 视情况 而定 Half of the class have done most of the work. The rest is rather difficult.一半学生已完成了大部分工作。剩余部分相当困难。 A lot of students are coming here.很多学生要来这儿。 glasses，trousers，clothes，shoes等作主语，谓语动词用复数；如果前面有kind，pair，type等修饰，谓语动词和这些词的数保持一致 My blue trousers have been worn out.我的蓝色裤子已经穿破了。 This pair of shoes fits me well.这双鞋很适合我。 返回目录 二、意义一致原则 主语 谓语 例句 集体名词(family，class，team，group，couple，population等) 取决于主语在句子中的意义 The ant family has many rooms under the ground.蚂蚁家族在地底下有好多房间。 His family are watching TV now.他的家人现在正在看电视。 返回目录 主语 谓语 例句 集合名词(people，police，folk，Chinese等) 复数 Chinese people are very hard－working.中国人民是非常勤劳的。 The police are running after a thief.警察正在追赶小偷。 the＋形容词(blind，poor，living，dead，old等)，表示一类人或物 The old are looked after well in our society.在我们的社会里，老年人受到妥善照顾。 the＋姓氏复数，表示“……一家/夫妇” The Greens are working on the farm.Green一家正在农场工作。 表示“时间、距离、重量、价值、数目等”名词的复数 单数 Another ten days is enough.再有十天是足够的。 Six hundred miles is a long distance.600英里是一段很远的距离。 返回目录 三、就近一致原则 用法 例句 either…or…，neither…nor…，not only…but also…等连接的并列成分作主语时，谓语动词的单复数与最邻近的主语保持一致 Not only my parents but also my sister is good at dancing. 不仅我的父母擅长跳舞，我的妹妹也擅长跳舞。 在there be句型中，be动词的单复数与最邻近的主语保持一致 There is a table and four chairs in the living room. 客厅里有一张桌子和四把椅子。 返回目录 微 专题二　动词考法和解题技巧 　　近五年完形填空和语篇填空中考查的动词及动词短语 对接中考·明方向 年份 考查词汇/短语 2026 practice，share，move，worry，look at，look for，give out，give away，manage，agree，refuse，wait，started，learned，wrote，watched，sent，invited，pushed，followed，cheered，reported，answered，sang，built，rushes，produce 2025 served，kept，tasted，wasted，leave，teach，force，warn，passing，carrying，storing，throwing，return，repair，choose，clean，sent off，given away，used up，sold out，traveled，turn，considered 返回目录 年份 考查词汇/短语 2024 remembered，expected，decided，discovered，borrowing，repairing，cleaning，breaking，threw，placed，tied，burnt，cry，share，rest，help，stopped，practiced，enjoyed，kept，know，hear，wish，promise，listen to，turn down，talk about，wait for，selling，needed，caught 2023 meet，placed，guided，stopped，show，refused，replied，laughed，wondered，plan，raised，dropped，repaired，praised，greeted，create，gave up，looked up，showed up，came up，working，decided 2022 forget，bring，keep，turn，expected，promised，decide，refuse，understand，hold，control，introduce，explained，realized，manage，support，look through，look for，look after，look over，developed，solve 更多动词短语详见《早读记背》“第三部分 高频短语记背 全国中考高频短语” 返回目录 动词在语篇填空中的考查 　　语篇填空第一节 考向1　动词原形(2026·64) (2025·62) (2022·59) 高频考法 例句 空前有不定式符号“to” (2026·64) When the tides move，we use their force to 1._________ (produce) energy. (2025·62) Also，he became the first artist in Chinese art history to 2._____ (turn) landscapes into a new kind of painting. (2022·59) Issar and his friend decided to 3._______ (solve) the problem using a fun method. 主语为第一人称或第三人称复数的一般现在时 (2021·64) Every year thousands of students 4.______ (visit) the Red Flag Canal Museum. produce turn turn visit 返回目录 考向2　动词的过去式(2025·60)(2024·62) 高频考法 例句 根据语境/上下文时态/时间标志词判断时态是一般过去时 (2025·60) In order to learn how to paint landscapes (风景)，Wu followed a great painter and he 5.________________ (travel) to many places with mountains and rivers. (2024·62) When a coin created an oil bloom (油花) in the water，Bao 6._______ (catch) the man who dropped the coin and told everyone that he stole the boy’s coins. traveled/travelled caught 返回目录 考向3　动词的过去分词(2026·61) (2025·65) (2024·60) (2023·65) 高频考法 例句 有时态标志助动词have/has，用现在完成时 (2026·61) China has 7._____ (build) many large dams (水坝) on big rivers. (2023·65) Have you 8.________ (decide) what you want to do？ 空前有be动词，且主语是动作的承受者，应用被动语态 (2025·65) No wonder he is 9.___________ (consider) as a “Sage of Art” (画圣) in China. (2024·60) The boy cried because the money was 10._______ (need) to pay for the medical treatment of his sick mother. built decided considered needed 返回目录 考向4　动词的－ing形式(2024·57)(2023·59) 高频考法 例句 空前有介词(by/after/for…)，应用动词的－ing形式 (2024·57) A young boy made a living by 11._______ (sell) fried dough sticks (油条) in the market. 固定搭配，有些动词后需要接动词的－ing形式 (2023·59)They say I can choose whatever I want to do in the end if I keep 12.________ (work) hard at school. selling working 返回目录 语篇填空第二节 考向1　不定式符号to(2026·68) (2025·69)(2024·70)(2023·66) (2022·69) 高频考法 例句 固定搭配，有些词汇后需要用动词不定式作宾语/宾补/目的状语 (2026·68) I do lots of painting and drawing there every day 13.____ enter the art competition next month. (2025·69) I wouldn’t like 14.____ sleep in a cave (洞穴) instead. (2024·70) You can also ask your friends 15.____ think about it. (2022·69) So I try 16._____ correct it by finding an enjoyable way to study. 特殊句型 (2023·66) It is a wonderful place 17._____ learn about Chinese characters. to to to to to 返回目录 考向2　be动词(2026·66) (2025·70)(2024·66) (2022·66) 高频考法 例句 分析句子结构，句中缺少be 动词，且空后为名词/形容词作表语 (2026·66) Also，the principal (校长) and the teachers 18._____ very kind. (2025·70) A life in the ocean 19.___ not the life for me. 固定句型中 (2024·66) We’re supposed to keep in mind that it 20.____ important to tell the truth. (2022·66) There 21.____ a lot of great Chinese sayings and many of them are about how to live a good life. are is is are 返回目录 模拟演练·提能力 一、(2026·江西改编)完形填空 主题：人与自我——丰富、充实、积极向上的生活　情境：少年修车传递温暖 　　14－year－old Jimmy bought an old，broken bike at a yard sale. He took it home and fixed it up. The next week，he bought another used bike and 　1　 it，too. Instead of keeping them for himself，he decided to 　2　 them to a nearby children’s home，where twenty－one kids lived. (　　)1.A.painted　 B.washed　 C.repaired　 D.returned (　　)2.A.throw　　 B.give　　 C.lend　　　 D.sell C B 返回目录 On a July morning，Jimmy arrived at the children’s 　3　. “These two bikes are for you，” said Jimmy. Then two boys got on the bikes 　4　. They laughed and cheered as they rode. Their happiness made Jimmy feel 　5　. But when he saw the other kids waiting for their turn to 　6　，he thought，“I am going to make a bike for each child for the New Year.” (　　)3.A.home　 B.playground　 C.hospital　 D.school (　　)4.A.secretly　 B.suddenly　 C.angrily　 D.excitedly (　　)5.A.bored　 B.shocked　 C.proud　 D.nervous (　　)6.A.watch　 B.speak　 C.run　 D.ride A D C D 返回目录 However，he faced a 　7　. He couldn’t find enough old bikes to make good ones. Even if he could，how would he ever 　8　 the old bikes？ That was hundreds of dollars. By August，he had only made another three bikes and this made him worried. (　　)7.A.change　 B.danger　 C.deal　 D.problem (　　)8.A.turn over　 B.pay for　 C.pick up　 D.put away D B 返回目录 Luckily，a(n) 　9　 neighbor wrote a letter describing Jimmy’s story to the local newspaper. Soon 　10　 arrived. People called to give him old bikes，and truck drivers 　11　 bikes by his door. (　　)9.A.brave　 B.honest　 C.kind　 D.quiet (　　)10.A.trouble　 B.help　　 C.truth　 D.fear (　　)11.A.hid　 B.broke　 C.borrowed　　 D.left C B D 返回目录 On New Year’s Day，Jimmy sent the 　12　 of the twenty－one bikes to the children’s home. Once again，they rushed out to ride. Their happiness encouraged Jimmy again，　13　 he decided to keep on building. (　　)12.A.rest　　 B.part　 C.number　 D.half (　　)13.A.so　 B.or　　 C.but　　 D.for A A 返回目录 Over four years，Jimmy has made 100 bikes and given them all away. When reporters asked him，“　14　 do you do it？” Jimmy replied，“True，it’s nice of me to make the bikes. However，helping others makes 　15　 happy. So partly，I do it for myself.” (　　)14.A.Where　 B.When　 C.Why　　 D.How (　　)15.A.them　 B.me　 C.him　　 D.you C B 返回目录 二、语篇填空 　　第一节 主题：人与自然——与自然和谐共生　　　　情境：暖心邮差亲近动物 year　be　open　because　do　explain　greet　off　 challenge　become 　　Do dogs like postmen？ Many people believe not，1.________ dogs often bark (犬吠) at postmen. However，a Brazilian postman named Cristiano is 2.___________ this old idea. He is known as the “Animal－friendly Postman”. For 3._______，he has been making friends with the dogs that he meets during his work. because challenging years 返回目录 It is not easy to win a dog’s trust，but he has a way of 4._________ that. First，he says hello to the dog. Then，he lets the dog sniff (嗅) his hand. In this way，the dog can 5.________ familiar with him and get to know him better. Gradually，he gets closer to the dog until the dog is comfortable enough to lick (舔) his face. The kind postman has a few dogs and cats at home. He has 6._____ around dogs since he was a child. This might 7.________ why he is welcomed by dogs. year　be　open　because　do　explain　greet　off　 challenge　become doing become been explain 返回目录 Cristiano is also friendly to other animals he meets. He 8.________ the neighboring cats，rabbits and all other kinds of animals. Cristiano does not just show 9.______ his friendship with animals. He often helps injured (受伤的) animals on the road. In fact，it’s his dream to 10.______ his own animal shelter (收容所). “I want to help my little animal friends more！” says the postman. year　be　open　because　do　explain　greet　off　 challenge　become greets off open 返回目录 　　第二节(2026·山西改编) 主题：人与社会——和谐家庭　　　　情境：藏在纸间的父爱 　　Peter’s father was a man of few words. He was busy 11.______ his work and usually got home very late. How Peter wished his father could play basketball or go fishing with him！ One evening，while working on a math problem，Peter found it so difficult 12._____ he wanted to give up. He was about to close the book when a small yellow note fell out suddenly. On it was a short message with a lovely hand－drawn heart. It said，“You can do it！—Dad”. with that 返回目录 Peter felt surprised. Soon he found another note in his English dictionary，13.____ one more in his favorite magazine. Peter looked towards the door. He pictured his tired father coming home late and opening his schoolbag 14.____ leave these simple words of encouragement. His father never said “I love you”，but his love 15._____ hidden in every page. His love might be silent，but it was always there，like a mountain. and to was 返回目录 $