专题03 阅读理解（说明文）（学考真题汇编，广东专用）2027年高中英语

专题03 阅读理解（说明文） Passage 1 （2025·广东·学业水平合格考）Do you know why different animals or insects (昆虫) have their special colors? Colors are used mainly for protecting themselves. Some birds like eating locusts (蝗虫), but they cannot easily catch them. Why? It is because locusts change their colors together with the change of the colors of crops (庄稼). When crops are green, locusts look green. But when the harvest time comes, locusts change to the same brown color as crops have. Some other insects with different colors from plants are easily found and eaten by others. So they have to hide themselves in the day and appear only at night. If you study the animal life, you find the main use of coloring is to protect themselves. Bears, lions and other animals cannot be easily seen by hunters (猎人), This is because they have the colors much like the trees. A kind of fish in the sea can send out a kind of very black liquid (液体) when it faces danger. While the liquid is around, its enemies (敌人) can’t find it. And it runs away at once. So it has lived for millions of years though it is not strong at all. 1.Why do different animals or insects have their special colors? A. Because they want to protect themselves. B. Because they want to attract enemies C. Because they like changing colors. D. Because they like different colors. 2.When crops are green, locusts look A. red B. brown C. green D. black 3.What do insects with different colors from plants do to protect themselves? A. They appear in the day and hide at night. B. They hide in the day and appear at night. C. They hide themselves day and night. D. They move quietly. 4.Why has the fish lived for millions of years? A. Because it is strong. B. Because it has the same color as the sea. C. Because it can change its color when in danger. D. Because it can send out a kind of liquid and run away when in danger. 5.What can we learn from the passage? A. Some birds can easily catch locusts B. When the harvest time comes, locusts change to the same brown color. C. Bears and lions can be easily seen by hunters. D. While the black liquid is around, enemies can find the fish Passage 2 （2026·广东·学业水平合格考）People living in a coastal community had set underwater traps (陷阱) with food inside to catch a kind of harmful crabs (螃蟹). The traps came in the form of round-shaped nets, with ropes and floats (浮标) to mark their locations. However, local people often found the crab food inside gone, with the traps destroyed. For a long time, no one knew who did this. To catch the “culprit,” a team of scientists placed a hidden camera near one trap. The very next day, the truth was revealed — much sooner than expected. The video recording showed that the clever thief was a female wolf. In the video, the wolf swam straight to the trap’s float and carried it all the way to the beach with her teeth. Then, she kept pulling the rope attached to the float until the trap was in very shallow water. Once the wolf got hold of the trap, she quickly tore open the net and enjoyed a delicious meal. The whole process took less than three minutes. This discovery has started a heated discussion among scientists. Some believe the wolf used the rope, which she clearly understood was the key to her meal, as a tool to get food. Others argue that because the wolf did not make the rope herself, her behavior should not be counted as tool use. Either way, most scientists agree that the wolf showed great problem-solving skills. Since so many traps have been destroyed, they believe that more than one wolf might have known the skills. There remains one interesting question to the scientists: Did the wolf learn from other wolves or by watching other species? Whatever the truth is, this discovery gives us a fresh and respectful view of wolves’ intelligence, reminding us of the wonders and connectedness of our natural world. 1.What does the underlined word “culprit” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A. The person setting the trap. B. The person hiding the camera. C. The animal catching the crabs. D. The animal getting the crab food. 2.The wolf kept pulling the rope most likely to ___________. A. help her swim B. bring the trap near C. break the rope D. play with the float 3.What do scientists argue on? A. Whether the wolf actually used a tool. B. Whether the wolf can make a rope herself. C. Whether the wolf worked with other wolves. D. Whether the wolf has problem-solving skills. 4.What remains unclear to the scientists? A. How the wolf located the trap. B. How the wolf destroyed the trap. C. How the wolf picked up the skills. D. How the wolf got food from others. 5.Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A. New Tools for Scientific Research B. Surprising Act of Animal Intelligence C. Effective Protection of Underwater Traps D. Immediate Dangers to Wolves on the Coast Passage 3 （2022·广东·学业水平合格考）What would life be like without commas (逗号)? It would be quite confusing. Take this simple sentence as an example: Let’s eat Dad! Without a comma, Dad becomes the food. Add comma, and Dad becomes a partner at dinner: Let’s eat, Dad! The comma enables people to have a better understanding of the sentence. Here’s another example: Tom said Sarah stole the cake. Here, Sarah is the thief. But add a pair of commas, and Tom becomes the thief: Tom, said Sarah, stole the cake. The examples above clearly show that people cannot do without commas in writing. Yet, the comma came from oral speeches. Long ago, most people could not read. They listened to the news or stories told by the people who gave speeches. The comma began as something to mark the resting place in a sentence. When reading, the speakers knew where to stop and take a breath. In writing, commas are like shining red lights on the road. They require that you wait a moment before continuing. And don’t add a comma when you feel like it. There are rules that people shall not break. Learn them, and you won’t be eating anyone or making wrong changes. 1.Without commas, life would be________. A. frightening B. puzzling C. relaxing D. interesting 2.The author uses two examples in the passage to________. A. tell jokes to readers B. show the importance of using commas C. tell stories to readers D. show the difficulty of using commas 3.Commas were first used to________. A. indicate a long sentence B. rewrite an unclear sentence C. continue a sentence D. mark a break in a sentence 4.According to the last paragraph, we use commas by following________. A. our feelings B. our speeches C. certain rules D. some facts 5.What is the best title for the passage? A. Commas Make Sentences Clear. B. Commas Make English Interesting. C. Commas Make Writing Easy. D. Commas Make Speeches Surprising. Passage 4 （2023·广东·学业水平合格考）Anger is a natural feeling that everyone experiences in life. Some researchers believe the first sound a baby makes when born could be a sign of anger. Anger may be the first feeling we have and respond to. It’s in many cases a perfectly healthy feeling. Anger can cause people to make very positive changes in their lives. Sometimes we have to be angry at injustice (不公正), at wrong doings, or even at nature, before we can do what needs to be done to correct wrongs or make things better. But of course, that is not how we usually think of anger. Most people think of anger as a feeling we must keep under control. Children are sometimes sent to their rooms or punished for expressing anger in an uncontrolled way. Parents tell a child to control himself when the child shows anger. We may be angry with friends or at work, but we know it’s not right to show it. Very early in life, we learn that anger is something that must be controlled. We learn this for a good reason. Uncontrolled anger can lead to fights, car accidents, bad relationships with others, unacceptable social behavior, and many other problems. However, many experts say that if one suppresses his anger, he may suffer serious mental and physical health problems. So what can we do to understand and calm this feeling? One solution is to talk about it with someone we trust, for example, a good friend. We can also try to walk away from a situation that causes anger, ask a doctor for advice, or just exercise more in our daily life. And of course we may have many other methods. Whatever solution we choose, as long as we are trying to find the solution to the problem, we have already taken the first step in the right direction. 1.According to Paragraph 1, anger can _____. A. lead to justice B. keep us healthy C. help us tell right from wrong D. help us make things better 2.What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us? A. We are taught to control anger. B. Anger appears early in life. C. We shouldn’t get angry at work. D. Angry children should be punished. 3.The underlined word “suppresses” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to _____. A. holds in B. takes in C. expresses D. understands 4.Which of the following can help deal with anger? A. Excellent physical health. B. A talk with a close friend. C. Some exercises given by teachers. D. A good relationship with others. 5.What does the author think of anger? A. Anger shown by children is unacceptable. B. Anger leads to deadly mental and physical illnesses. C. Anger can be a healthy feeling and need be treated properly. D. Anger builds up relationships with our friends or workmates. Passage 5 （2023·广东·学业水平合格考）A new interactive (互动的)map shows which parts of the world have been hit hardest by climate change. The map, called ClimateEX, allows users to see how global warming (全球变暖)influences temperature and rainfall across the Earth. The map shows, in the UK, areas of eastern Scotland have been most influenced by climate change. In the US, the west coast has seen a rise in temperature and loss of rainfall. The map also shows that over the next 50 years parts of Wales and northeast England will see big changes to their climate. Developed by a scientist at the University of Cincinnati, the map uses 50 years of public climate data from 50, 000 international weather stations around the Earth. It shows not only how the climate has changed, But also what will possibly happen by the year 2070. According to the map, over the next 50 years Central America will be subject to terrible heat and rainfall. Papua New Guinea, southeastern China, the west coast of the US, Greenland and the Arctic are also easily influenced, most importantly for sea level change. ClimateEX can also help users search for places where climate change may lead to extreme phenomena (现象)in the future. The user simply touches the place where storms are frequent at present on the map and then ClimateEX will show all the places where storms are likely to happen in 50 years. 1.A rise in temperature and loss of rainfall have happened in ____. A. the US B. China C. Papua New Guinea D. the UK 2.The map tells the climate change in the future by ____. A. setting up weather stations B. recording rainfall C. measuring the sea levels D. using past climate data 3.The underlined phrase be subject to in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to ____. A. cause B. suffer C. avoid D. change 4.According to the last paragraph, the map can _____. A. reduce the influences of climate change B. change the climates of different countries C. show where extreme climates will happen D. suggest how people deal with climate change 5.What is the best title for the passage? A. Increasing Rainfall B. An Amazing Map C. A Map of the World D. Changeable Climate / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $函学科网 专题03 1.A2.C3.B4.D5.B 1.D2.B3.A4.C5.B 1.B2.B3.D4.C5.A 1.D2.A3.A4.B5.C 1.A2.D3.B4.C5.B www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 阅读理解 (说明文) Passage 1 Passage 2 Passage 3 Passage 4 Passage 5 1/1 专题03 阅读理解（说明文） Passage 1 （2025·广东·学业水平合格考）Do you know why different animals or insects (昆虫) have their special colors? Colors are used mainly for protecting themselves. Some birds like eating locusts (蝗虫), but they cannot easily catch them. Why? It is because locusts change their colors together with the change of the colors of crops (庄稼). When crops are green, locusts look green. But when the harvest time comes, locusts change to the same brown color as crops have. Some other insects with different colors from plants are easily found and eaten by others. So they have to hide themselves in the day and appear only at night. If you study the animal life, you find the main use of coloring is to protect themselves. Bears, lions and other animals cannot be easily seen by hunters (猎人), This is because they have the colors much like the trees. A kind of fish in the sea can send out a kind of very black liquid (液体) when it faces danger. While the liquid is around, its enemies (敌人) can’t find it. And it runs away at once. So it has lived for millions of years though it is not strong at all. 1.Why do different animals or insects have their special colors? A. Because they want to protect themselves. B. Because they want to attract enemies C. Because they like changing colors. D. Because they like different colors. 2.When crops are green, locusts look A. red B. brown C. green D. black 3.What do insects with different colors from plants do to protect themselves? A. They appear in the day and hide at night. B. They hide in the day and appear at night. C. They hide themselves day and night. D. They move quietly. 4.Why has the fish lived for millions of years? A. Because it is strong. B. Because it has the same color as the sea. C. Because it can change its color when in danger. D. Because it can send out a kind of liquid and run away when in danger. 5.What can we learn from the passage? A. Some birds can easily catch locusts B. When the harvest time comes, locusts change to the same brown color. C. Bears and lions can be easily seen by hunters. D. While the black liquid is around, enemies can find the fish 【答案】1. A　2. C　3. B　4. D　5. B 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了不同动物和昆虫有特殊颜色的原因，主要是为了保护自己，并通过举例蝗虫、一些与植物颜色不同的昆虫、熊和狮子以及一种鱼来说明这一观点。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Do you know why different animals or insects have their special colors? Colors are used mainly for protecting themselves. (你知道为什么不同的动物或昆虫有它们特殊的颜色吗？颜色主要用来保护自己。)”可知，不同动物或昆虫有特殊颜色主要是为了保护自己，故选A。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“When crops are green, locusts look green. (当庄稼是绿色时，蝗虫看起来是绿色的。)”可知，当庄稼是绿色时，蝗虫看起来是绿色的，故选C。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Some other insects with different colors from plants are easily found and eaten by others. So they have to hide themselves in the day and appear only at night. (其他一些与植物颜色不同的昆虫很容易被天敌发现和吃掉。所以它们不得不在白天躲起来，只在晚上出现。)”可知，与植物颜色不同的昆虫白天隐藏自己，晚上才出现，故选B。 (4)题解析： 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“A kind of fish in the sea can send out a kind of very black liquid (液体) when it faces danger. While the liquid is around, its enemies (敌人) can’t find it. And it runs away at once. So it has lived for millions of years though it is not strong at all. (海里有一种鱼在遇到危险的时候会发出一种非常黑的液体。当液体在周围时，它的敌人找不到它。它立刻跑掉了。所以它已经活了几百万年，虽然它一点也不强壮。)”可知，这种鱼能存活数百万年是因为它在面临危险时能释放出一种黑色液体，趁敌人找不到它时逃跑，故选D。 (5)题解析： 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“But when the harvest time comes, locusts change to the same brown color as crops have. (但当收获季节到来时，蝗虫会变成和庄稼一样的棕色。)”可知，当收获季节到来时，蝗虫会变成和庄稼一样的棕色。故选B。 Passage 2 （2026·广东·学业水平合格考）People living in a coastal community had set underwater traps (陷阱) with food inside to catch a kind of harmful crabs (螃蟹). The traps came in the form of round-shaped nets, with ropes and floats (浮标) to mark their locations. However, local people often found the crab food inside gone, with the traps destroyed. For a long time, no one knew who did this. To catch the “culprit,” a team of scientists placed a hidden camera near one trap. The very next day, the truth was revealed — much sooner than expected. The video recording showed that the clever thief was a female wolf. In the video, the wolf swam straight to the trap’s float and carried it all the way to the beach with her teeth. Then, she kept pulling the rope attached to the float until the trap was in very shallow water. Once the wolf got hold of the trap, she quickly tore open the net and enjoyed a delicious meal. The whole process took less than three minutes. This discovery has started a heated discussion among scientists. Some believe the wolf used the rope, which she clearly understood was the key to her meal, as a tool to get food. Others argue that because the wolf did not make the rope herself, her behavior should not be counted as tool use. Either way, most scientists agree that the wolf showed great problem-solving skills. Since so many traps have been destroyed, they believe that more than one wolf might have known the skills. There remains one interesting question to the scientists: Did the wolf learn from other wolves or by watching other species? Whatever the truth is, this discovery gives us a fresh and respectful view of wolves’ intelligence, reminding us of the wonders and connectedness of our natural world. 1.What does the underlined word “culprit” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A. The person setting the trap. B. The person hiding the camera. C. The animal catching the crabs. D. The animal getting the crab food. 2.The wolf kept pulling the rope most likely to ___________. A. help her swim B. bring the trap near C. break the rope D. play with the float 3.What do scientists argue on? A. Whether the wolf actually used a tool. B. Whether the wolf can make a rope herself. C. Whether the wolf worked with other wolves. D. Whether the wolf has problem-solving skills. 4.What remains unclear to the scientists? A. How the wolf located the trap. B. How the wolf destroyed the trap. C. How the wolf picked up the skills. D. How the wolf got food from others. 5.Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A. New Tools for Scientific Research B. Surprising Act of Animal Intelligence C. Effective Protection of Underwater Traps D. Immediate Dangers to Wolves on the Coast 【答案】1. D　2. B　3. A　4. C　5. B 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了科学家发现狼利用陷阱绳索获取食物的行为引发了关于狼是否使用工具的讨论。 (1)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据第一段中“However, local people often found the crab food inside gone, with the traps destroyed.(然而，当地人经常发现里面的蟹食不见了，陷阱也被破坏了)”以及第二段中“To catch the “culprit,” a team of scientists placed a hidden camera near one trap.(为了抓住“罪魁祸首”，一组科学家在一个陷阱附近放置了一个隐藏的摄像头)”可知，人们不知道是谁破坏了陷阱，吃掉了里面的蟹食，所以放置摄像头来抓住这个“罪魁祸首”，所以culprit指的是“获取蟹食的动物”。故选D。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Then, she kept pulling the rope attached to the float until the trap was in very shallow water.(然后，她不停地拉连接在浮标上的绳子，直到陷阱处于很浅的水中)”可知，狼不停地拉绳子是为了把陷阱拉到靠近岸边的浅水区。故选B。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Some believe the wolf used the rope, which she clearly understood was the key to her meal, as a tool to get food. Others argue that because the wolf did not make the rope herself, her behavior should not be counted as tool use.(一些人认为狼把绳子（它清楚地知道这是获取食物的关键）当作获取食物的工具。另一些人则认为，因为狼不是自己做的绳子，所以它的行为不应该被算作使用工具)”可知，科学家们争论的是狼是否真正使用了工具。故选A。 (4)题解析： 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“There remains one interesting question to the scientists: Did the wolf learn from other wolves or by watching other species?(科学家们仍然有一个有趣的问题：狼是从其他狼那里学来的，还是通过观察其他物种学来的？)”可知，科学家们仍然不清楚狼是如何学会这种技能的。故选C。 (5)题解析： 主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了科学家发现狼利用陷阱绳索获取食物的行为，这一行为引发了科学家们关于狼是否使用工具的讨论，体现了狼的智慧，所以B选项“动物智慧的惊人行为”最能概括文章主旨，适合作为标题。故选B。 Passage 3 （2022·广东·学业水平合格考）What would life be like without commas (逗号)? It would be quite confusing. Take this simple sentence as an example: Let’s eat Dad! Without a comma, Dad becomes the food. Add comma, and Dad becomes a partner at dinner: Let’s eat, Dad! The comma enables people to have a better understanding of the sentence. Here’s another example: Tom said Sarah stole the cake. Here, Sarah is the thief. But add a pair of commas, and Tom becomes the thief: Tom, said Sarah, stole the cake. The examples above clearly show that people cannot do without commas in writing. Yet, the comma came from oral speeches. Long ago, most people could not read. They listened to the news or stories told by the people who gave speeches. The comma began as something to mark the resting place in a sentence. When reading, the speakers knew where to stop and take a breath. In writing, commas are like shining red lights on the road. They require that you wait a moment before continuing. And don’t add a comma when you feel like it. There are rules that people shall not break. Learn them, and you won’t be eating anyone or making wrong changes. 1.Without commas, life would be________. A. frightening B. puzzling C. relaxing D. interesting 2.The author uses two examples in the passage to________. A. tell jokes to readers B. show the importance of using commas C. tell stories to readers D. show the difficulty of using commas 3.Commas were first used to________. A. indicate a long sentence B. rewrite an unclear sentence C. continue a sentence D. mark a break in a sentence 4.According to the last paragraph, we use commas by following________. A. our feelings B. our speeches C. certain rules D. some facts 5.What is the best title for the passage? A. Commas Make Sentences Clear. B. Commas Make English Interesting. C. Commas Make Writing Easy. D. Commas Make Speeches Surprising. 【答案】1. B　2. B　3. D　4. C　5. A 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了逗号在生活中是很重要的，如果没有逗号，将会造成理解上的错误，同时我们也应该要遵守使用逗号的一些规则，这样才会让我们所表达的东西更加清楚。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段“What would life be like without commas (逗号)? It would be quite confusing. Take this simple sentence as an example: Let’s eat Dad! Without a comma, Dad becomes the food. (没有逗号的生活会是什么样子？这会相当令人困惑。以这个简单的句子为例：让我们吃爸爸！没有逗号，爸爸就变成了食物。)”可知，如果在生活中，我们讲话不使用逗号，那会造成误解，因此没有逗号的生活是令人困惑的。故选B项。 (2)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第一段的“Take this simple sentence as an example: Let’s eat Dad! Without a comma, Dad becomes the food. Add comma, and Dad becomes a partner at dinner: Let’s eat, Dad! The comma enables people to have a better understanding of the sentence.(以这个简单的句子为例：让我们吃爸爸！没有逗号，爸爸就变成了食物。加上逗号，爸爸就成了晚餐时的伙伴：我们吃吧，爸爸！逗号使人们对这个句子有更好的理解。)”以及第二段的“Here’s another example: Tom said Sarah stole the cake. Here, Sarah is the thief. But add a pair of commas, and Tom becomes the thief: Tom, said Sarah, stole the cake.(还有一个例子：汤姆说莎拉偷了蛋糕。在这里，莎拉是小偷。但是加上一对逗号，汤姆就成了小偷：汤姆，莎拉说，偷了蛋糕。)”可知，这两个例子告诉我们，加逗号和不加逗号，句子的含义是不一样的，而且还会造成误解，因此可知，有了逗号，人们才能更好地理解一句话。故作者在这举例是为了说明逗号的重要性。故选B项。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段“Yet, the comma came from oral speeches. Long ago, most people could not read. They listened to the news or stories told by the people who gave speeches. The comma began as something to mark the resting place in a sentence. (然而，这个逗号来自口头演讲。很久以前，大多数人不识字。他们听演讲人讲述的新闻或故事。逗号开始是用来标记句子中停顿的位置的。)”可知，逗号一开始是在口头中使用，用来表示停顿。故选D项。 (4)题解析： 细节理解题。根据最后一段的“There are rules that people shall not break. Learn them, and you won’t be eating anyone or making wrong changes.(有些规则是人们不能违反的。学会它们，你就不会吃掉任何人或做出错误的改变。)”可知，逗号的使用是有相关的规则的，我们不能违反了这些规则，因此可知我们学习逗号要懂得遵守它的规则。故选C项。 (5)题解析： 主旨大意题。根据第一段的“What would life be like without commas(逗号)? It would be quite confusing. Take this simple sentence as an example: Let’s eat Dad! Without a comma, Dad becomes the food. Add comma, and Dad becomes a partner at dinner: Let’s eat, Dad! The comma enables people to have a better understanding of the sentence.(没有逗号的生活会是什么样子？这会相当令人困惑。以这个简单的句子为例：让我们吃爸爸！没有逗号，爸爸就变成了食物。加上逗号，爸爸就成了晚餐时的伙伴：我们吃吧，爸爸！逗号使人们对这个句子有更好的理解。)”以及第三段的“The examples above clearly show that people cannot do without commas in writing.(上面的例子清楚地表明，人们在写作中离不开逗号。)”以及第四段的“Learn them, and you won’t be eating anyone or making wrong changes.(学会它们，你就不会吃掉任何人或做出错误的改变。)”可知，逗号在生活中是很重要的，它使得我们更好地理解人们所表达的东西，有了它，人们说的话就很清楚明了。因此可知，逗号使说的句子变得清楚明确。故选A项。 Passage 4 （2023·广东·学业水平合格考）Anger is a natural feeling that everyone experiences in life. Some researchers believe the first sound a baby makes when born could be a sign of anger. Anger may be the first feeling we have and respond to. It’s in many cases a perfectly healthy feeling. Anger can cause people to make very positive changes in their lives. Sometimes we have to be angry at injustice (不公正), at wrong doings, or even at nature, before we can do what needs to be done to correct wrongs or make things better. But of course, that is not how we usually think of anger. Most people think of anger as a feeling we must keep under control. Children are sometimes sent to their rooms or punished for expressing anger in an uncontrolled way. Parents tell a child to control himself when the child shows anger. We may be angry with friends or at work, but we know it’s not right to show it. Very early in life, we learn that anger is something that must be controlled. We learn this for a good reason. Uncontrolled anger can lead to fights, car accidents, bad relationships with others, unacceptable social behavior, and many other problems. However, many experts say that if one suppresses his anger, he may suffer serious mental and physical health problems. So what can we do to understand and calm this feeling? One solution is to talk about it with someone we trust, for example, a good friend. We can also try to walk away from a situation that causes anger, ask a doctor for advice, or just exercise more in our daily life. And of course we may have many other methods. Whatever solution we choose, as long as we are trying to find the solution to the problem, we have already taken the first step in the right direction. 1.According to Paragraph 1, anger can _____. A. lead to justice B. keep us healthy C. help us tell right from wrong D. help us make things better 2.What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us? A. We are taught to control anger. B. Anger appears early in life. C. We shouldn’t get angry at work. D. Angry children should be punished. 3.The underlined word “suppresses” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to _____. A. holds in B. takes in C. expresses D. understands 4.Which of the following can help deal with anger? A. Excellent physical health. B. A talk with a close friend. C. Some exercises given by teachers. D. A good relationship with others. 5.What does the author think of anger? A. Anger shown by children is unacceptable. B. Anger leads to deadly mental and physical illnesses. C. Anger can be a healthy feeling and need be treated properly. D. Anger builds up relationships with our friends or workmates. 【答案】1. D　2. A　3. A　4. B　5. C 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了愤怒是一种健康的情感，需要妥善对待。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段“It’s in many cases a perfectly healthy feeling. Anger can cause people to make very positive changes in their lives. Sometimes we have to be angry at injustice (不公正), at wrong doings, or even at nature, before we can do what needs to be done to correct wrongs or make things better. (在很多情况下，这是一种非常健康的感觉。愤怒可以使人们在生活中做出非常积极的改变。有时，我们必须对不公正、对错误的行为、甚至对大自然感到愤怒，然后才能做我们需要做的事情来纠正错误或使事情变得更好。)”可知，愤怒可以帮助我们使事情变得更好。故选D。 (2)题解析： 主旨大意题。根据第二段“Most people think of anger as a feeling we must keep under contro1. Children are sometimes sent to their rooms or punished for expressing anger in an uncontrolled way. Parents tell a child to control himself when the child shows anger. We may be angry with friends or at work, but we know it’s not right to show it. Very early in life, we learn that anger is something that must be controlled. (大多数人认为愤怒是一种必须加以控制的感情。孩子们有时会因为失控地表达愤怒而被送回房间或受到惩罚。当孩子生气时，父母告诉孩子要控制自己。我们可能会对朋友或在工作中生气，但我们知道表现出来是不对的。很小的时候，我们就知道愤怒是一种必须控制的东西。)”可知，第二段主要告诉我们，我们被教导要控制愤怒。故选A。 (3)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据划线词前句“Uncontrolled anger can lead to fights, car accidents, bad relationships with others, unacceptable social behavior, and many other problems. (不受控制的愤怒会导致打架、车祸、与他人的不良关系、不可接受的社会行为以及许多其他问题。)”和后半句“he may suffer serious mental and physical health problems. (他可能会遭受严重的精神和身体健康问题。)”并结合表示转折意义的however可知，不受控制的愤怒会有负面影响，但压抑自己的愤怒可能会遭受严重的精神和身体健康问题。所以划线词suppresses为“压制，压抑”之意。故选A。 (4)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第四段“One solution is to talk about it with someone we trust, for example, a good friend. (一种解决方法是和我们信任的人谈论，例如，一个好朋友。)”可知，与亲密朋友的谈话可以帮助处理愤怒。故选B。 (5)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第一段“It’s in many cases a perfectly healthy feeling. Anger can cause people to make very positive changes in their lives. (在很多情况下，这是一种非常健康的情感。愤怒可以使人们在生活中做出非常积极的改变)”和第三段“Uncontrolled anger can lead to fights, car accidents, bad relationships with others, unacceptable social behavior, and many other problems. However, many experts say that if one suppresses his anger, he may suffer serious mental and physical health problems. (不受控制的愤怒会导致打架、车祸、与他人的不良关系、不可接受的社会行为以及许多其他问题。然而，许多专家表示，如果一个人压抑自己的愤怒，他可能会遭受严重的精神和身体健康问题)”可推断，愤怒可以是一种健康的感觉，需要妥善对待。故选C。 Passage 5 （2023·广东·学业水平合格考）A new interactive (互动的)map shows which parts of the world have been hit hardest by climate change. The map, called ClimateEX, allows users to see how global warming (全球变暖)influences temperature and rainfall across the Earth. The map shows, in the UK, areas of eastern Scotland have been most influenced by climate change. In the US, the west coast has seen a rise in temperature and loss of rainfall. The map also shows that over the next 50 years parts of Wales and northeast England will see big changes to their climate. Developed by a scientist at the University of Cincinnati, the map uses 50 years of public climate data from 50, 000 international weather stations around the Earth. It shows not only how the climate has changed, But also what will possibly happen by the year 2070. According to the map, over the next 50 years Central America will be subject to terrible heat and rainfall. Papua New Guinea, southeastern China, the west coast of the US, Greenland and the Arctic are also easily influenced, most importantly for sea level change. ClimateEX can also help users search for places where climate change may lead to extreme phenomena (现象)in the future. The user simply touches the place where storms are frequent at present on the map and then ClimateEX will show all the places where storms are likely to happen in 50 years. 1.A rise in temperature and loss of rainfall have happened in ____. A. the US B. China C. Papua New Guinea D. the UK 2.The map tells the climate change in the future by ____. A. setting up weather stations B. recording rainfall C. measuring the sea levels D. using past climate data 3.The underlined phrase be subject to in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to ____. A. cause B. suffer C. avoid D. change 4.According to the last paragraph, the map can _____. A. reduce the influences of climate change B. change the climates of different countries C. show where extreme climates will happen D. suggest how people deal with climate change 5.What is the best title for the passage? A. Increasing Rainfall B. An Amazing Map C. A Map of the World D. Changeable Climate 【答案】1. A　2. D　3. B　4. C　5. B 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了新研究开发交互式地图可显示全球气候变化状况。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段“In the US, the west coast has seen a rise in temperature and loss of rainfall. (在美国，西海岸气温上升，降雨量减少。)”可知，美国出现了气温上升和降雨减少的情况。故选A。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段“Developed by a scientist at the University of Cincinnati, the map uses 50 years of public climate data from 50, 000 international weather stations around the Earth. (该地图由辛辛那提大学的一位科学家开发，使用了全球5万个国际气象站50年来的公共气候数据。)”可知，该地图利用过去的气候数据来预测未来的气候变化。故选D。 (3)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据第三段“It shows not only how the climate has changed, But also what will possibly happen by the year 2070. (它不仅显示了气候是如何变化的，而且还显示了到2070年可能会发生什么。)”和划线词前半句“According to the map, over the next 50 years Central America (根据地图，在未来的50年里，中美洲)”可推断，在未来的50年里，中美洲将遭受可怕的高温和降雨。所以划线词be subject to为“遭受”之意。故选B。 (4)题解析： 细节理解题。根据最后一段“ClimateEX can also help users search for places where climate change may lead to extreme phenomena (现象)in the future. (ClimateEX还可以帮助用户搜索未来气候变化可能导致极端现象的地方。)”可知，该地图可以显示哪里会发生极端天气。故选C。 (5)题解析： 主旨大意题。根据第一段“A new interactive (互动的)map shows which parts of the world have been hit hardest by climate change. (一幅新的交互式地图显示了世界上哪些地区受气候变化影响最严重。)”、第三段“It shows not only how the climate has changed, But also what will possibly happen by the year 2070. (它不仅显示了气候是如何变化的，而且还显示了到2070年可能会发生什么。)及全文可知，文章主要介绍了新研究开发交互式地图可显示全球气候变化状况，还能预测未来的气候变化，是令人惊讶的。所以“An Amazing Map(令人惊叹的地图)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选B。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $