06 Unit 1 Food for thought 单元小测（Word习题）-【满分思维】2026-2027学年高中英语必修第二册学生用书（外研版）

单元小测(Unit 1) ●Ⅰ 单句填空(每小题1.5分,满分15分) 1.The workers are working hard to 　　　　(construct) the ancient temple.   2.The Internet has made our lives incredibly 　　　　　　(convenience) and greatly changed the way we study, work and communicate every day.   3.The official website posted a 　　　　　　(recommend) for tourists to book accommodation in advance during the Spring Festival.   4.To her 　　　　　　(satisfy), each guest emptied their plate, showing how much they enjoyed the meal.   5.The homemade sausage smelt so good that she couldn’t resist 　　　　　　(take) a bite.   6.Last year he starred in the film 　　　　　(adapt) of Bill Cronshaw’s best-selling novel.   7.A lot of typical Australian food, such as the Sunday roast, is 　　　　　　(original) British.   8.The new smartphone is not only fashionable but also highly 　　　　　　(function), with features that make everyday tasks much easier.   9.The soup was so 　　　　　　(salt) that I needed to drink a lot of water after the dinner.   10.During winter, it 　　　　　　(typical) snows heavily in the north of China and children often go out to make snowmen.  ●Ⅱ 短语填空(每小题2分,满分10分) 1.Maria 　　　　　　　　　(鼓起勇气) to apologize to Ayesha and promised never to say any rude words to her.   2.　　　　　　 (万一) an emergency, the official guidelines recommend staying calm and following the instructions to ensure everyone’s safety.   3.I 　　　　　　(偶遇) a long-lost friend on the street and we spent one hour talking about each other’s recent lives.   4.The recipe 　　　　　　(属于) my grandmother’s cookbook has been a family favourite for generations.   5.On my way home, I decided to 　　　　　(购买) some tasty snacks from the local bakery.   ●Ⅲ 句型训练(每小题3分,满分12分) 1.There is no experience 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　on real ice.   没有比在真正的冰上滑冰更令人兴奋的体验了。 2.For a moment, he was 　　　　　　　　　　　　. (too…to…)   有那么一刻,他吓得说不出话来。 3.　　　　　　　　 that he was in great danger, Eric walked deeper into the forest. (分词作状语)   没有意识到自己处于极大的危险中,埃里克走向森林的更深处。 4.The chef 　　　　　　　　　　the secret recipe, for the dish he cooked tastes exactly the same.   这个厨师肯定已经知道了秘方,因为他做的菜尝起来跟秘方一模一样。 ●Ⅳ 阅读理解(每小题2.5分,满分20分) A [2026·浙江金华十校联考高一期末] A recent study in Trends in Biotechnology reports that scientists used the gene-editing tool CRISPR to improve how efficiently (高效地) a fungus (真菌) produces protein (蛋白质) while also lowering the environmental effects of that production by as much as 61%—all without introducing foreign DNA. The gene-edited fungus has a meat-like taste and is easier to break down. This work presents a possible solution to the challenges of animal agriculture, such as its significant greenhouse gas emissions and high land and water demands, which explains why this new type of protein has gained attention as likely alternative (替代品) to meat. Fusarium venenatum, a kind of fungus, has become a good choice due to its meat-like qualities, but it has limitations: thick cell walls that limit breakdown and a resource-heavy production process that needs lots of sugar-rich materials and added nutrients (营养物). To overcome these limitations, researchers used CRISPR to remove two genes. One is called chitin synthase gene. Removing it thinned the cell wall, making the protein more accessible. Removing the other, pyruvate decarboxylase gene, improved the fungus’s metabolism (新陈代谢), reducing the quantity of nutrients needed for protein production. The resulting fungus, named FCPD, used 44% less sugar to create the same amount of protein as the old one and did so 88% faster. The team then checked the environmental effects of FCPD across its entire life cycle. They modeled production in six countries with different energy systems. In every country, FCPD produced lower environmental effects than the old fungus, reducing greenhouse gas emissions by up to 60%. When compared to chicken production in China, FCPD needed 70% less land and lowered the possibility for freshwater pollution by 78%. “Gene-edited foods like this can meet growing food demands without the environmental costs of traditional farming,” stated one researcher. (　)1.What is a limitation of Fusarium venenatum? A.It lacks meat-like taste. B.Its cell walls are too thick. C.It needs little sugar material. D.It produces much gas. (　)2.What do we know about the new fungus FCPD? A.It is easily accessible. B.It is richer in sugar. C.It has thinner cell walls. D.It doesn’t need nutrients. (　)3.How does the author show the advantages of FCPD? A.By listing numbers. B.By comparing different studies. C.By explaining a process. D.By referring to personal experiences. (　)4.What is the text mainly about? A.A likely alternative to protein. B.A new gene-editing tool for food production. C.A green and tech-driven direction for agriculture. D.A protein-efficient and eco-friendly gene-edited food. B [2025·重庆南开中学高一期末] Putting food into the microwave for a couple of minutes may seem totally harmless, but Europe’s quick-cooking ovens emit as much carbon as nearly 7 million cars, a new study has found, and the problem is growing. Due to the fact that costs are falling and kitchen appliances (厨房电器) are becoming symbols of status, owners are throwing many microwaves after an average of eight years. This is pushing rising sales of new microwaves which are expected to reach 135 million annually in the EU by the end of the decade. A study by the University of Manchester worked out the emissions of carbon dioxide—the main greenhouse gas responsible for climate change—at every stage of microwaves, from production to waste disposal. “It is electricity consumption by microwaves that has the biggest impact on the environment,” say the authors, who also calculate that the emissions from using 19 microwaves over a year are the same as those from a car. According to the same study, efforts to reduce consumption should focus on improving consumer awareness and behaviour to use appliances more efficiently. For example, electricity consumption by microwaves can be reduced by adjusting the time of cooking to the type of food. However, David Reay, a professor of carbon management, argues that although microwaves use a great deal of energy, their emissions are minor compared to those from cars. In the UK alone, cars emit way more than all the emissions from microwaves in the EU. Backing this up, recent data show that passenger cars in the UK emitted 69m tonnes of CO2 in 2015. This is 10 times the quantity this new microwave oven study estimates for annual emissions for all the microwave ovens in the whole of the EU. Further, the energy used by microwaves is lower than any other form of cooking. Among common kitchen appliances used for cooking, microwaves are the most energy-efficient, followed by a stove and finally a standard oven. Thus, rising microwave sales could be seen as a positive thing. (　)5.What contributes to the increasing consumption of new microwaves? A.Various functions. B.More carbon emissions. C.Declining prices. D.Further improved quality. (　)6.What is the advice from the study by the University of Manchester? A.Changing microwave users’ habits. B.Stopping using microwaves gradually. C.Carrying out more research on microwaves. D.Replacing microwaves with other appliances. (　)7.How is Paragraph 3 developed? A.By giving definition. B.By analysing causes. C.By making a comparison. D.By concluding viewpoints. (　)8.What can be learned from the last paragraph? A.Microwaves are probably not to blame. B.Energy efficiency is not a top priority. C.People should be talked into using microwaves less often. D.Stoves consume the least energy among kitchen appliances. ●Ⅴ 完形填空(每小题1分,满分15分) [2025·山西太原高一期末] When I was 8 years old, my family received a dinner invitation from the Thompsons, a wealthy and highly respected family in our neighbourhood. I heard that their family 　1　 traditional table manners, and their home was set with lots of fancy and 　2　 chinaware that I had never seen before. I was really 　3　.   But as the day was approaching, I suddenly began to become anxious. I even thought it was like an 　4　. I turned to my mum and said, “Mum, I fear being 　5　 if I have improper table manners. What if I use the wrong fork or something?” In the following days, Mum, though not an expert, tried her best to 　6　 me step by step.   The dinner started with a soup. I felt quite 　7　 as I handled the first course without mistakes. However, the second course 　8　 me. I was not skilled at cutting chicken with a knife. My nervousness caused me to 　9　 knock over a china cup. I became so embarrassed and tried to quickly set things right.   Mrs Thompson noticed what had happened to me and said in a(n) 　10　 voice, “It’s quite alright, dear. We all have moments when we need to 　11　. Just take your time and enjoy the 　12　.” I took a deep breath and nodded, getting 　13　 from her words. I felt at home then.   The dinner 　14　 with a sweet chocolate cake. It tasted even sweeter. This evening brought me enjoyment and 　15　 from others, and it became a sweet memory.   (　)1.A.taught　　　　B.followed C.recommended D.designed (　)2.A.costly B.plain C.familiar D.suitable (　)3.A.confident B.anxious C.curious D.shocked (　)4.A.inspiration B.error C.encounter D.adventure (　)5.A.turned down B.laughed at C.picked out D.forgotten about (　)6.A.limit B.push C.resist D.direct (　)7.A.relaxed B.nervous C.embarrassed D.thirsty (　)8.A.supported B.challenged C.reminded D.surprised (　)9.A.regularly B.specially C.silently D.accidentally (　)10.A.serious B.exciting C.low D.formal (　)11.A.guard B.adapt C.refuse D.miss (　)12.A.meal B.dessert C.family D.style (　)13.A.pressure B.opportunity C.praise D.comfort (　)14.A.began B.dealt C.ended D.met (　)15.A.respect B.interest C.identity D.tradition 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 单元小测(Unit 1) Ⅰ.1.reconstruct　2.convenient　3.recommendation 4.satisfaction　5.taking　6.adaptation　7.originally 8.functional　9.salty　10.typically Ⅱ.1.gathered her courage　2.In case of　3.came across　4.belonging to　5.pick up Ⅲ.1.more exciting than skating 2.too frightened to speak 3.Not realizing 4.must have known Ⅳ.A 【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项利用CRISPR基因编辑技术改良真菌的研究,使其生产蛋白质更高效且环保,成为潜在的肉类替代品。 1.B　细节理解题。根据第二段“Fusarium venenatum…but it has limitations: thick cell walls that limit breakdown and a resource-heavy production process that needs lots of sugar-rich materials and added nutrients(营养物).”可知,Fusarium venenatum的局限性之一是细胞壁过厚。A (与due to its meat-like qualities相悖,排除);C (与needs lots of sugar-rich materials相悖,排除);D (产生大量气体是畜牧业的问题,并非该真菌的局限性,排除)。故选 B 项。 2.C　细节理解题。根据第三段中“Removing it thinned the cell wall, making the protein more accessible.”(移除它使细胞壁变薄,使蛋白质更容易被获取。)可知,新真菌FCPD的细胞壁更薄。故选C。 3.A　推理判断题。根据第三段中“The resulting fungus, named FCPD, used 44% less sugar to create the same amount of protein as the old one and did so 88% faster.”(由此产生的名为FCPD的真菌,与之前的相比,生产等量蛋白质所需的糖分减少了44%,生产速度却提高了88%。)以及第四段中“…reducing greenhouse gas emissions by up to 60%.”(……温室气体排放量减少了高达60%。)和“…needed 70% less land and lowered the possibility for freshwater pollution by 78%.”(……所需土地减少70%,淡水污染的可能性降低78%。)可推知,作者通过罗列一系列具体数字来体现FCPD的优势。故选A。 4.D　主旨大意题。根据第一段中“…scientists used the gene-editing tool CRISPR to improve how efficiently(高效地) a fungus(真菌) produces protein(蛋白质) while also lowering the environmental effects of that production by as much as 61%…”(……科学家利用基因编辑工具CRISPR提高了真菌生产蛋白质的效率,同时将生产过程的环境影响降低了高达61%……)并结合全文可知,文章介绍了基因编辑真菌FCPD的蛋白质生产效率及环境优势。由此可知,本文主要介绍了这款蛋白质生产高效且环保的基因编辑食品。故选D。 B 【文章大意】 这是一篇说明文,主要介绍了一项新的研究发现,微波炉的碳排放几乎与汽车一样多,但一位教授用数据反驳了这种说法,同时文章指出微波炉所使用的能量比任何其他形式的烹饪都要低。因此,微波炉销量的上升可以看作是一件好事。 5.C　细节理解题。根据第一段中“Due to the fact that costs are falling and kitchen appliances(厨房电器) are becoming symbols of status, owners are throwing many microwaves after an average of eight years. This is pushing rising sales of new microwaves which are expected to reach 135 million annually in the EU by the end of the decade.”(由于成本的下降和厨房电器正成为地位的象征,许多微波炉平均使用8年之后就被用户扔掉了。这推动了新微波炉销量的增长,预计到本十年末,新微波炉在欧盟的年销量将达到1.35亿台。)可知,价格下降是导致新微波炉消费量增加的原因之一。故选C项。 6.A　细节理解题。根据第二段中“According to the same study, efforts to reduce consumption should focus on improving consumer awareness and behaviour to use appliances more efficiently.”(根据同一项研究,减少消费的努力应侧重于提高消费者的意识和改善行为,以更有效地使用电器。)可知,曼彻斯特大学的研究给出的建议是改变微波炉用户的使用习惯。故选A项。 7.C　推理判断题。第三段中戴维·雷伊教授指出虽然微波炉使用大量能源,但与汽车排放相比,其排放量微不足道,接着通过将英国仅乘用车在2015年排放的二氧化碳量与整个欧盟所有微波炉年排放量进行对比,来支撑自己的观点。所以第三段是通过做比较来展开的。故选C项。 8.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段“Further, the energy used by microwaves is lower than any other form of cooking. Among common kitchen appliances used for cooking, microwaves are the most energy-efficient, followed by a stove and finally a standard oven. Thus, rising microwave sales could be seen as a positive thing.”(此外,微波炉所消耗的能量比其他任何烹饪方式都要低。在用于烹饪的常用厨房电器中,微波炉是最节能的,其次是炉子,最后是标准烤箱。因此,微波炉销量的上升可以被视为一件积极的事情。)可知,微波炉可能不应该被指责(导致过多碳排放等问题)。故选A项。 Ⅴ.【文章大意】 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者8 岁时受邀参加Thompson家的晚宴,因担忧餐桌礼仪而焦虑,后在 Thompson夫人的安慰下放松,晚宴也成为甜蜜回忆。 1.B　由下文 traditional table manners以及语境可知,此处说的是Thompson一家遵循传统餐桌礼仪。故选B项。teach教; follow遵循;recommend推荐; design设计。 2.A　由上文a wealthy and highly respected family可知,这家人很富有,所以家里的瓷器应该是精美且昂贵的。故选A项。costly昂贵的; plain朴素的; familiar熟悉的; suitable合适的。 3.C　由上文“…their home was set with lots of fancy and…chinaware that I had never seen before.”可知,作者从未见过这些东西,所以应该是感到好奇。故选C项。confident自信的; anxious焦虑的; curious好奇的; shocked震惊的。 4.D　由上文“I was really…”和“But as the day was approaching, I suddenly began to become anxious.”可知,作者原本好奇,但临近赴宴时变得焦虑,觉得这就像一场冒险。故选D项。inspiration启发灵感的事物; error错误; encounter相遇; adventure冒险。 5.B　由下文“…if I have improper table manners.”以及语境可知,作者担心自己餐桌礼仪不当会被嘲笑。故选B项。turn down拒绝; laugh at嘲笑; pick out挑选; forget about忘记。 6.D　根据前文作者担心餐桌礼仪不当被嘲笑以及“…Mum, though not an expert, tried her best to…”可知,这里指妈妈尽力指导作者。故选D项。limit限制; push推动; resist抵抗;direct指导。 7.A　由下文 “…as I handled the first course without mistakes.”可知,作者第一道菜没有出错,所以感到放松。故选A项。relaxed放松的; nervous紧张的;embarrassed尴尬的; thirsty口渴的。 8.B　由下文“I was not skilled at cutting chicken with a knife.”可知,作者不擅长用刀切鸡肉,所以第二道菜对他来说是个挑战。故选B项。support支持; challenge挑战; remind提醒; surprise使惊讶。 9.D　由下文“…knock over a china cup.”以及语境可知,作者因为紧张不小心打翻了瓷杯。故选D项。regularly定期地; specially特别地; silently安静地; accidentally偶然地,不小心地。 10.C　由下文“It’s quite alright, dear.”可知,Thompson夫人在安慰作者,所以应该是轻声说话,in a low voice表示“轻声地”,符合语境。故选C项。serious严肃的; exciting令人兴奋的; low低的,轻声的; formal正式的。 11.B　由上文“It’s quite alright, dear.”以及语境可知,Thompson夫人在安慰作者,说大家都有需要适应新情况的时候。故选B项。guard保卫; adapt适应; refuse拒绝; miss错过。 12.A　由上文“Just take your time and enjoy…”以及语境可知,这是在吃饭的时候,Thompson夫人应该是让作者慢慢来,享受这顿饭。故选A项。meal饭; dessert甜点; family家庭; style风格。 13.D　由上文“It’s quite alright, dear.”以及语境可知,这里指作者从她的话中得到了安慰。故选D项。pressure压力; opportunity机会; praise表扬; comfort安慰。 14.C　由下文with a sweet chocolate cake以及语境可知,这里指晚餐以巧克力蛋糕结束,end with表示“以……结束”,符合语境。故选C项。begin 开始; deal处理; end结束; meet遇见。 15.A　由上文“It’s quite alright, dear.”以及语境可知,这里指作者从Thompson夫人对自己的安慰中感受到了他人的尊重。故选A项。respect尊重; interest兴趣; identity身份; tradition传统。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $