第03讲-长难句讲义 定语从句(三)-2027年高三英语一轮复习专项

2026-10-27
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Day 3 · 定语从句(三) —— 强化训练 目录 一、 典例分析 1 二、 仿写练习 5 1. 语法填空与仿写练习 5 2. 答案解析与仿写参考 7 3. 写作迁移 8 阶段目标:通过“五步四层剥离法”体会限制性与非限制性定语从句在有无逗号、先行词定位和关系词选择上的差异,掌握关系词在从句中作主语、宾语、状语时的判断方法。 1、 典例分析 ⭐ 例1(2023全国乙卷·语法填空)难度:★☆☆☆☆ But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place ______ welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural wonders standing side by side with historical buildings of the past.① 全句观: 连词数:1个(横线处)| 动词数:2个(is, welcomes) 结构类型:which/that引导的限制性定语从句 ② 第一层(并列切分): 无并列连词 ③ 第二层(主从定位): 主句主干:Beijing is also a place. 限制性定语从句:______ welcomes the fast-paced development → 修饰a place 先行词a place指物,关系词在从句中作主语(welcomes的主语),用which或that 关系词作主语,不可省略 ④ 第三层(修饰剥离): for all its ancient buildings → 介词短语作让步状语(“尽管有……”) with 21st-century architectural wonders standing side by side with historical buildings → with复合结构作伴随状语 of the past → 介词短语作定语,修饰buildings ⑤ 第四层(最小单元): 主句:Beijing is a place. 定语从句:which/that welcomes the development. 树状结构图: [But for all its ancient buildings,] [Beijing] [is] [a place] └── [which/that welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life] [限制性定语从句,关系词作主语] └── [with 21st-century architectural wonders standing side by side with historical buildings] [with复合结构作伴随状语] ⚠️ 核心考点: 先行词指物,关系词在从句中作主语,用which或that with复合结构(with + 名词 + 现在分词)作伴随状语,是高考高频结构 ⭐ 例2(2023北京卷·语法填空)难度:★★☆☆☆ Nina recently finished her year-long series of runs in Chicago, ______ thousands were attending a water conference.① 全句观: 连词数:1个(横线处)| 动词数:2个(finished, were attending) 结构类型:where引导的非限制性定语从句 ② 第一层(并列切分): 无并列连词 ③ 第二层(主从定位): 主句主干:Nina recently finished her series of runs in Chicago. 非限制性定语从句:______ thousands were attending a water conference → 修饰Chicago 先行词Chicago表示地点,关系词在从句中作地点状语(= in Chicago),用where 从句结构完整(thousands were attending a conference),缺地点状语,故用where ④ 第三层(修饰剥离): her year-long series of runs → 名词短语作finished的宾语 in Chicago → 介词短语作地点状语 ⑤ 第四层(最小单元): 主句:Nina finished her runs. 定语从句:thousands were attending a conference there. 树状结构图: [Nina] [recently finished] [her year-long series of runs] [in Chicago] └── [, ______ thousands were attending a water conference] [非限制性定语从句,where作地点状语] ⚠️ 核心考点: 先行词表地点,关系词在从句中作地点状语时用where 区分where与which:从句缺主语/宾语用which,缺状语用where ⭐ 例3(2022新高考I卷·语法填空)难度:★★★☆☆ The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species ______ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.① 全句观: 连词数:2个(横线处, and)| 动词数:3个(is intended, live, improve) 结构类型:that引导的限制性定语从句 ② 第一层(并列切分): and连接两个并列谓语:is intended to provide... / (is intended to) significantly improve... ③ 第二层(主从定位): 主句主干:The GPNP is intended to provide protection and improve the health. 限制性定语从句:______ live within the Giant Panda Range → 修饰all the species 先行词species指物,关系词在从句中作主语(live的主语) 先行词前有all修饰,关系词通常用that,不用which ④ 第三层(修饰剥离): for all the species → 介词短语作状语 within the Giant Panda Range → 介词短语作地点状语 of the ecosystem in the area → 介词短语作定语,修饰health ⑤ 第四层(最小单元): 主句:The GPNP is intended to provide protection and improve health. 定语从句:that live within the Range. 树状结构图: [The GPNP] [is intended to provide] [stronger protection] [for all the species] └── [that live within the Giant Panda Range] [限制性定语从句,that作主语] └── [and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area] [并列谓语] ⚠️ 核心考点: 先行词被all修饰时,关系词通常用that 关系词在从句中作主语,不可省略 ⭐ 例4(2022全国乙卷·语法填空)难度:★★★★☆ May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day, ______ was named by the United Nations on November 27th, 2019. ① 全句观: 连词数:1个(横线处)| 动词数:2个(marks, was named) 结构类型:which引导的非限制性定语从句 ② 第一层(并列切分): 无并列连词 ③ 第二层(主从定位): 主句主干:May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day. 非限制性定语从句:______ was named by the United Nations → 修饰International Tea Day 先行词指物(节日名称),关系词在从句中作主语(was named的主语),用which 非限制性定语从句不可用that ④ 第三层(修饰剥离): this year → 时间状语 by the United Nations → 介词短语作状语 on November 27th, 2019 → 介词短语作时间状语 ⑤ 第四层(最小单元): 主句:May 21st marks the Day. 定语从句:which was named by the UN. 树状结构图: [May 21st this year] [marks] [the first International Tea Day] └── [, ______ was named by the United Nations on November 27th, 2019] [非限制性定语从句,which作主语] ⚠️ 核心考点: 非限制性定语从句中,先行词指物时只能用which,不能用that 关系词在从句中作主语,不可省略 ⭐ 例5(2023全国甲卷·语法填空)难度:★★★★★ Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, ______ Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow.” 树状结构图: [the form of the fable] [still has] [values today] └── [, ______ Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow”] [非限制性定语从句,as指代主句整件事,作says的宾语] ⚠️ 核心考点:① 全句观: 连词数:1个(横线处)| 动词数:2个(has, says) 结构类型:as引导的非限制性定语从句,指代前面整句话 ② 第一层(并列切分): 无并列连词 ③ 第二层(主从定位): 主句主干:the form of the fable still has values today. 非限制性定语从句:______ Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow” → 修饰前面整件事 关系词在从句中作says的宾语(says sth.),先行词为主句整句话,用as引导 as引导非限制性定语从句时,常译为“正如……”,可置于句首、句中或句末 ④ 第三层(修饰剥离): of the fable → 介词短语作定语,修饰form in “A Fable for Tomorrow” → 介词短语作状语,说明says的出处 ⑤ 第四层(最小单元): 主句:the form still has values. 定语从句:as Rachel Carson says. as引导非限制性定语从句时,指代整个主句的内容,位置灵活。 与which的区别:as有“正如”之意,常与say/know/expect等动词连用;which无此限制,且不能置于句首。 2、 仿写练习 1. 语法填空与仿写练习 ⭐ 练1 原句(2023全国乙卷·语法填空): But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place _________ welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life. ① 请在横线上填入正确的关系词(可多选): ② 关系词在从句中作什么成分? ______________________________ ③ 翻译全句: ________________________________________________ ⭐ 练2 原句(2023北京卷·语法填空): Nina recently finished her year-long series of runs in Chicago, _________ thousands were attending a water conference. ① 请在横线上填入正确的关系词: ② 关系词在从句中作什么成分? ______________________________ ③ 翻译全句: ________________________________________________ ⭐ 练3 原句(2022新高考I卷·语法填空): The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species _________ live within the Giant Panda Range. ① 请在横线上填入正确的关系词: ② 为什么该处通常不用which? ______________________________ ③ 翻译全句: ________________________________________________ ⭐ 练4 原句(2022全国乙卷·语法填空): May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day, _________ was named by the United Nations on November 27th, 2019. ① 请在横线上填入正确的关系词: ② 判断该从句是限制性还是非限制性: ________________________ ③ 翻译全句: ________________________________________________ ⭐ 仿写任务5 任务说明: 请根据以下中文提示,写一段话(不少于50词),描述一个你熟悉的地方,至少使用1个非限制性定语从句和1个限制性定语从句。 提示: 描述你的家乡、学校或常去的公园。 你的仿写: _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 2. 答案解析与仿写参考 ⭐ 练1 参考答案 ① 答案: which / that ② 在从句中作主语(welcomes的主语) ③ 翻译: 但是,尽管有这么多古建筑,北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方。 ⭐ 练2 参考答案 ① 答案: where ② 在从句中作地点状语(= in Chicago) ③ 翻译: Nina最近在芝加哥完成了她为期一年的系列跑步活动,当时有数千人正在那里参加一个水资源会议。 ⭐ 练3 参考答案 ① 答案: that ② 先行词前有all修饰,关系词通常用that,不用which ③ 翻译: 大熊猫国家公园旨在为生活在大熊猫栖息地范围内的所有物种提供更强有力的保护。 ⭐ 练4 参考答案 ① 答案: which ② 非限制性定语从句(逗号隔开) ③ 翻译: 今年5月21日是首个国际茶日,这一天由联合国于2019年11月27日命名。 ⭐ 练5 仿写参考 My hometown is a small city that lies in the south of China. The old town area, which is famous for its traditional architecture, attracts many tourists every year. The river that runs through the city is a popular place for morning walks. (50 words) 3. 写作迁移 任务: 用定语从句写一段话(不少于50词),描述一个你熟悉的地方,至少使用1个非限制性定语从句和1个限制性定语从句。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 写作示范: My hometown is a small city that lies in the south of China. The old town area, which is famous for its traditional architecture, attracts many tourists every year. The river that runs through the city is a popular place for morning walks.  学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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第03讲-长难句讲义 定语从句(三)-2027年高三英语一轮复习专项
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第03讲-长难句讲义 定语从句(三)-2027年高三英语一轮复习专项
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第03讲-长难句讲义 定语从句(三)-2027年高三英语一轮复习专项
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