第03讲 （外研版必修第三册）单词、短语、重点易考单词变形+词义辨析（复习讲义）（全国通用）2027年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

该高中英语高考复习讲义聚焦必修第三册词汇短语核心考点，涵盖近三年高考高频原词、派生词及合成词，强化熟词生义、构词法及语境运用能力。按单元构建单词（变形、拼写、同义替换）与短语（背诵、填空、句型进阶）双模块复习体系，通过考点梳理、方法指导及真题训练，帮助学生系统突破词汇难关。 资料以分层练习和语境化设计为特色，如“段落盲测”训练熟词生义猜测，“构词法梳理”提升词汇拓展能力，助力学生语言能力与思维品质发展。融合2024-2026真题实例，设置微完型、句型进阶等实战环节，可有效提升学生应考能力，为教师精准把控复习节奏提供清晰路径。

第03讲 必修第三册 词汇短语复习 考点要求 考题统计 考情分析   教材词汇 课标词汇   2026考情分析 原词：initial，failure，permit，injury，occur，threaten 派生词：eruption，announcement，permission，reliable，astonishment，consumption 合成词：greenhouse，earthquake，rainfall，sunrise，wildfire，snowstorm 2025考情分析 原词：campaign、invest、genuine、abstract、column、harmony 派生词：persuasive、destruction、placement、thoughtless、exposure 合成词：expressway、ownership、unsung、landfill 2024考情分析 原词：concentrate、digital、theory、shallow、devote、assume、observe、origin、valley 派生词：likelihood、idiomatic、usage、viewing、influential 合成词：greenhouse、uphill 其他年份考情分析 派生词： 2023:rental,erase, statistician,bimonthly; 2022: strengthen, additionally; 2021:popularization,undoubtedly,outperform； 合成词： 2023:fiberglass, ecosystem,checkpoint; 2021:makeup; footprint 转化词：mind(n.-v.); leaf(n.-v.); tear(n.-v.); average(n.-v.); touch(v.-n.);   新高考词汇难度增大。阅读分值上涨，总阅读量2959词，阅读量上升。读后续写部分要求读写结合，需要更多的词汇积累和输出。分析最近的高考试题可知， 1. 适度考查一些学生不常接触的高考词汇。 2. 强化了对熟词生义的考查。 3. 加大了对构词法的考查力度。 4. 全面考查词汇在语境中灵活运用的能力，如情境意识、同义转换和概要思维能力。 复习目标：以新课标词汇为依据，新教材单词表为蓝本，以近三年新高考真题为导向，在一轮词汇复习中夯实词汇基础，并反复积累，运用构词法扩大词汇量并在大量的语篇阅读中迁移词汇运用能力，大胆猜测熟词的生义并积累地道的搭配和习惯用语。 UNIT 1 第一部分：单词复习 1.单词变形 1．loose adj.控制不严的→loosely adv.宽松地；松散地→loosen v．(使)放松，变松 2．breath n．呼出的气→breathe v.呼吸→breathless adj.气喘吁吁的 3．concern n．忧虑，担心→concerned adj.担心的；关切的→concerning prep.关于 4．annoyed adj.恼怒的，烦恼的→annoy vt.使恼怒；使生气→annoying adj.令人恼怒的 5．adjust v．适应，(使)习惯→adjustment n．调整，调节；适应 6．accident n．意外事件；偶然因素→accidental adj.偶然的→accidently adv.偶然地 7．complexity n．复杂性，错综复杂→complex adj.复杂的 8．forgive v．原谅，宽恕→forgiveness n．原谅；宽恕 9．criticise v．批评，指责→criticism n．批评 10．embarrassment n．尴尬，难为情→embarrass vt.使尴尬 11．frank adj.坦率的，坦诚的，直言不讳的→frankly adv.坦率地；老实说 12．independent adj.独立的→independence n．独立 2.语法填空 1. He stood there __________, not knowing what to say. (embarrass) 2. She finally made an important __________ after moving to a new school. (adjust) 3. __________, nobody was hurt in the traffic accident. (accident) 4. The problem is more __________ than we expected. (complexity) 5. The teacher was very __________ about the students' safety. (concern) 6. After running for a long time, he was completely __________. (breath) 7. I hope you can __________ me for being late. (forgive) 8. His words sounded polite, but __________, I didn't agree with him. (frank) 9. Her parents encouraged her to live __________. (independent) 10. Constant __________ from others made him lose confidence. (criticise) 核心单词拼写（单词中译英）+同义替换 1.单词拼写 1. 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 2. 控制不严的；松散的 adj. __________ 3. 呼出的气 n. __________ 4. 忧虑；担心 n. __________ 5. 恼怒的；烦恼的 adj. __________ 6. 适应；（使）习惯 v. __________ 7. 意外事件；偶然因素 n. __________ 8. 复杂性 n. __________ 9. 原谅；宽恕 v. __________ 10. 批评；指责 v. __________ 11. 尴尬；难为情 n. __________ 12. 坦率的；坦诚的 adj. __________ 13. 独立的 adj. __________ 2. 同义替换（将划线单词用更高级的词汇替换） 5. He felt very angry when his friend broke the promise.（可将angry替换为__________） 6. The new environment was difficult for her to get used to.（可将get used to替换为__________） 7. I hope you can excuse me for my mistake.（可将excuse替换为__________） 8. To be honest, I don't agree with this decision.（可将honest替换为__________） 9. She hopes to live on her own in the future.（可将on her own替换为__________） 阅读单词认知（单词英译中）+段落盲测 1.单词释义 1. 2. signal n. __________________ 3. strategy n. __________________ 4. misunderstanding n. __________________ 5. conflict n. __________________ 6. emotion n. __________________ 7. relationship n. __________________ 8. personality n. __________________ 9. communication n. __________________ 1. 2.段落盲测(熟词生义+长难句翻译) 通读下列短文。 在阅读过程中，请将加粗并带有编号的阅读词汇在本文中的具体中文意思写在下方表格中；并将划线句子翻译成中文。 Friendship plays an important role in our lives. However, misunderstandings sometimes happen and may affect relationships between friends. Last month, Tom had an argument with his best friend. He was very ①annoyed because he thought his friend had shared a secret with others. After calming down, he decided to talk to his friend honestly. During their conversation, he realized that everything had happened by ②accident and that his friend never intended to hurt him. What impressed Tom most was that his friend, who had been criticised by many classmates, still chose to explain the truth patiently instead of getting angry. After hearing the explanation, Tom asked for ③forgiveness and admitted his mistake. His friend accepted his apology and showed great ④understanding. The experience taught Tom the importance of trust and open communication. Their friendship became even stronger, and both of them gained more ⑤confidence in dealing with problems. 请写出下列单词在文中的具体中文意思： 词汇 文中意思 ① annoyed __________________________________________ ② accident __________________________________________ ③ forgiveness __________________________________________ ④ understanding __________________________________________ ⑤ confidence __________________________________________ 划线句翻译： _________________________________________________________________________________________. 第二部分：高频短语复习 1.词组背诵 1. help out 帮一把 2. let down 使失望；辜负 3. let off steam 发泄怒火；宣泄情绪 4. loose lips sink ships 祸从口出 5. take a breath 吸一口气 6. pull one's weight 做好分内事；尽责 7. be crazy about 对……着迷；热衷于 8. calm down 冷静下来 9. as well as 也；又；还 10. work out 解决；算出；进展顺利 11. take it easy 放轻松；别着急 12. by accident 偶然地；意外地 13. look down on/upon 看不起；轻视 14. settle down 安顿下来；平静下来 2.短语填空（根据句意，参考上述词组填写，强化记忆） 1. After moving to the new city, it took her several months to __________. 2. Please __________ and tell us exactly what happened. 3. My brother is __________ basketball and spends hours practising every day. 4. The teacher asked everyone to __________ and finish the group task together. 5. I found this old photo album completely __________ while cleaning my room. 3.微完型 Good friendships require effort from both sides. When your friends are facing difficulties, you should always be willing to __________. If they make mistakes, don't immediately feel disappointed or __________ them. Instead, talk calmly and try to solve the problem. Sometimes people need to __________ after a stressful day. During disagreements, it is important to __________ and communicate openly. Remember that true friends support each other and always __________ when facing challenges together. 1. A. help out B. settle down C. take it easy D. work out 2. A. calm down B. let down C. help out D. settle down 3. A. pull their weight B. work out C. let off steam D. look down on 4. A. calm down B. take a breath C. work out D. look down on 5. A. be crazy about B. pull their weight C. by accident D. let down 4.句型进阶 请利用本单元所学语块，翻译并升级下列句子。 1. 当朋友遇到困难时，我们应该帮助他们。（提示词：help out） 基础版：We should help our friends when they have problems. 升级版： ______________________________________________________________________________________. 2. 遇到问题时，你应该先冷静下来。（提示词：calm down） 基础版：You should be quiet first when you have problems. 升级版： ______________________________________________________________________________________. 3. 他非常喜欢摄影。（提示词：be crazy about） 基础版：He likes photography very much. 升级版： ______________________________________________________________________________________. 4. 我们应该做好自己的分内工作。（提示词：pull one's weight） 基础版：Everyone should do his or her own job. 升级版： ______________________________________________________________________________________. UNIT 2 第一部分：单词复习 1.单词变形 1．contribution n．贡献→contribute v．贡献；捐助；投稿 2．relief n．减轻，缓解→relieve v．减轻，缓解 3．shortage n．短缺，不足，缺乏→short adj.短的；缺少的 4．effective adj.有效的，产生预期效果的→effect n．效果 5．earn v．挣(钱)→earnings n．收入 6．donate v．捐赠，捐献→donation n．捐献 7．reality n．真实，现实→real adj.真实的→really adv.真正地 8．disability n．残疾，残障→disabled adj.残疾的 9．sensitive adj.敏感的，容易生气的→sense n．感官；感觉 10．generous adj.慷慨的，大方的→generosity n．慷慨，大方 11．hesitate v．迟疑，犹豫→hesitation n．迟疑，犹豫 12．assistance n．帮助，援助→assist v．帮助，援助 13．registration n．登记，注册→register v．登记，注册 14．confirmation n．证实，证明→confirm v．证实，证明 15．temporary adj.短期的，短暂的；临时的→temporarily adv.短期地，短暂地；临时地 16．achievement n．成绩，成就→achieve v．实现 17．chief adj.最高级别的，首席的→chiefly adv.主要地 18．major adj.重要的，主要的→majority n．大多数 19．treatment n．治疗；疗法→treat v．治疗；对待 2.语法填空 1. His greatest __________ was winning the national science competition. (achieve) 2. Thanks to the doctor's timely __________, the patient recovered quickly. (treat) 3. The organization made a significant __________ to education in poor areas. (contribute) 4. The medicine proved highly __________ in reducing pain. (effect) 5. The company made a large __________ to the charity event. (donate) 6. She didn't answer immediately because of her __________. (hesitate) 7. We sincerely appreciate your kind __________ during the difficult period. (assist) 8. Please complete the online __________ before attending the event. (register) 9. The email served as a formal __________ of his appointment. (confirm) 10. The office will be __________ closed for repairs next week. (temporary) 核心单词拼写（单词中译英）+同义替换 1.单词拼写 1. 2. 贡献 n. __________ 3. 减轻；缓解 n. __________ 4. 短缺；不足 n. __________ 5. 有效的 adj. __________ 6. 挣（钱）v. __________ 7. 捐赠；捐献 v. __________ 8. 真实；现实 n. __________ 9. 残疾；残障 n. __________ 10. 敏感的 adj. __________ 11. 慷慨的；大方的 adj. __________ 12. 迟疑；犹豫 v. __________ 13. 帮助；援助 n. __________ 14. 登记；注册 n. __________ 15. 证实；证明 n. __________ 16. 成绩；成就 n. __________ 2.同义替换（将划线单词用更高级的词汇替换） 1. The new medicine is very useful in treating the disease.（可将useful替换为__________） 2. She gave a large amount of money to the poor children.（可将gave替换为__________） 3. He finally reached his goal after years of hard work.（可将reached替换为__________） 4. She is always willing to help others.（可将help替换为__________） 5. To tell the truth, life is not always easy.（可将truth替换为__________） 阅读单词认知（单词英译中）+段落盲测 1.单词释义 1. 2. volunteer n. __________________ 3. charity n. __________________ 4. community n. __________________ 5. patient n. __________________ 6. welfare n. __________________ 7. campaign n. __________________ 8. support n. __________________ 9. opportunity n. __________________ 2.段落盲测（熟词生义+长难句翻译） 通读下列短文。 在阅读过程中，请将加粗并带有编号的阅读词汇在本文中的具体中文意思写在下方表格中；并将划线句子翻译成中文。 Many people around the world devote themselves to helping others. Some volunteer in hospitals, while others work for charities or community organizations. Last year, a young doctor made a great ①contribution to a medical aid project in a remote village. Because of a severe shortage of medical resources, many patients could not receive proper ②treatment. The doctor worked hard to improve local healthcare conditions and provided free medical services to hundreds of people. What impressed the villagers most was that the doctor, who could have chosen a much more comfortable life in the city, stayed there for several years to help those in need. His work brought great ③relief to local families and inspired many young people to join volunteer programs. Thanks to his ④generosity and dedication, more donations were collected for the project. His efforts eventually became a remarkable ⑤achievement in the region. 词汇 文中意思 ① contribution ______ ② treatment ______ ③ relief ______ ④generosity ______ ⑤achievement ______ 划线句翻译： _________________________________________________________________________________________. 第二部分：高频短语复习 1.词组背诵 1. have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难 2. be determined to do sth. 决心做某事 3. break into a smile 突然笑起来 4. set up 建立；创办 5. benefit from 从……中受益 6. come up with 想出；提出 7. keep records of 记录…… 8. serve as 充当；担任 9. take in 接收；收留 10. rise to one's feet 站起身来 11. bring...to one's attention 使……被某人注意 12. pass away 去世 2.短语填空（根据句意，参考上述词组填写，强化记忆） 1. The charity hopes to __________ a fund to help disabled children. 2. She is __________ become a doctor and help people in need. 3. Many students __________ volunteer activities and gain valuable experience. 4. The teacher asked us to __________ our daily reading progress. 5. After hearing the good news, he suddenly __________. 3.微完型 Dr. Lin devoted her life to helping people in need. She was always __________ improving medical services in poor areas. To help more patients, she helped __________ several healthcare centers. These centers not only provided treatment but also __________ temporary shelters for people in difficulty. Volunteers carefully __________ every patient's condition and often __________ useful ideas to improve local healthcare. Many villagers greatly __________ these services and their quality of life improved significantly. 1. A. determined to B. come up with C. rise to her feet D. pass away 2. A. set up B. take in C. benefit from D. break into a smile 3. A. served as B. passed away C. rose to their feet D. broke into a smile 4. A. brought to their attention B. kept records of C. came up with D. took in 5. A. came up with B. passed away C. took in D. rose to their feet 6. A. benefited from B. served as C. set up D. passed away 4.句型进阶 请利用本单元所学语块，翻译并升级下列句子。 1. 她决心帮助更多有需要的人。（提示词：be determined to） 基础版：She wants to help more people in need. 升级版： ____________________________________________________________________________________________.2. 学校建立了一所新的图书馆。（提示词：set up） 基础版：The school built a new library. 升级版： ____________________________________________________________________________________________.3. 许多学生从志愿服务活动中受益。（提示词：benefit from） 基础版：Many students gain a lot from volunteer work. 升级版： ____________________________________________________________________________________________.4. 我们应该记录自己的学习进步。（提示词：keep records of） 基础版：We should write down our learning progress. 升级版： ____________________________________________________________________________________________. UNIT 3 第一部分：单词复习 1. 单词变形 1. press v．按 → pressure n．压力；压强；强制 2. capable adj．有能力的 → capability n．能力 3. desire n．渴望；欲望 → desirable adj．值得拥有的；可取的 4. significant adj．重要的；影响深远的 → significance n．重要性；意义 5. injure v．使受伤；弄伤 → injury n．伤；损害 6. accurate adj．精确的 → accurately adv．精确地 7. minor adj．小的；次要的 → minority n．少数 8. origin n．起源；起因 → original adj．最初的；原始的 9. mental adj．精神的；精神健康的 → mentally adv．精神上；智力上 10. declaration n．声明；宣告 → declare v．宣布 11. scientific adj．科学（上）的 → science n．科学 12. entirely adv．完全地；彻底地 → entire adj．全部的；整个的 13. proof n．证明；证据 → prove v．证明 2.语法填空 1. Many students are under great __________ before important examinations. (press) 2. She is highly __________ of solving difficult problems on her own. (capability) 3. His strong __________ to succeed helped him overcome many difficulties. (desirable) 4. Education plays a __________ role in personal development. (significance) 5. Fortunately, he suffered only a minor __________ in the accident. (injure) 6. The machine can measure temperature very __________. (accurate) 7. A small __________ of students disagreed with the decision. (minor) 8. We need to discover the __________ of the problem before solving it. (original) 9. Physical health is closely connected with __________ health. (mentally) 10. Scientists continue to make important __________ about the universe. (declare) 核心单词拼写（单词中译英） 1.单词拼写 1. 2. 压力；压强 n. __________ 3. 有能力的 adj. __________ 4. 渴望；欲望 n. __________ 5. 重要的；影响深远的 adj. __________ 6. 使受伤；弄伤 v. __________ 7. 精确的 adj. __________ 8. 小的；次要的 adj. __________ 9. 起源；起因 n. __________ 10. 精神的；精神健康的 adj. __________ 11. 声明；宣告 n. __________ 12. 科学（上）的 adj. __________ 13. 完全地；彻底地 adv. __________ 14. 证明；证据 n. __________ 15. 科学 n. __________ 16. 证明 v. __________ 2.同义替换（将划线单词用更高级的词汇替换） 1. Regular exercise is very important for our health.（可将important替换为__________） 2. He has the ability to complete the task independently.（可将ability替换为__________） 3. She has a strong wish to become a doctor.（可将wish替换为__________） 4. The accident caused a serious hurt to his leg.（可将hurt替换为__________） 5. Scientists are trying to show that the theory is correct.（可将show替换为__________） 阅读单词认知（单词英译中）+段落盲测 1.单词释义 1. 2. athlete n. __________________ 3. champion n. __________________ 4. experiment n. __________________ 5. invention n. __________________ 6. technology n. __________________ 7. researcher n. __________________ 8. achievement n. __________________ 9. discovery n. __________________ 10. 2.段落盲测（熟词生义+长难句翻译） 通读下列短文。 在阅读过程中，请将加粗并带有编号的阅读词汇在本文中的具体中文意思写在下方表格中；并将划线句子翻译成中文。 Success is not achieved overnight. Many great scientists and athletes have overcome numerous difficulties before reaching their goals. A young scientist spent years studying a rare disease. Despite facing great ①pressure, he never gave up. His strong ②desire to help patients motivated him to continue his research. After countless experiments, he finally discovered an effective treatment. What impressed people most was that the scientist, whose work had once been doubted by many experts, continued his research and eventually proved his theory correct. His discovery was of great ③significance to the medical community. It not only improved treatment methods but also reduced the suffering of many patients. His success became ④proof that determination and hard work can overcome difficulties. This achievement had a positive ⑤effect on future scientific research. 词汇 文中意思 ① pressure __________ ② desire __________ ③ significance __________ ④ proof __________ ⑤ effect __________ 划线句翻译： _________________________________________________________________________________________. 第二部分：高频短语复习 1.词组背诵 1. 2. in addition 除此之外；另外 3. never say never 别轻易说决不 4. instead of 代替；而不是 5. in terms of 在……方面；就……而言 6. be capable of 有能力做…… 7. work as 担任；从事 8. lead to 导致 9. beyond recognition 难以辨认 10. be named after 根据……命名 11. apart from 除了……之外（还） 2.短语填空（根据句意，参考上述词组填写，强化记忆） 1. Regular exercise can improve both physical and mental health. __________, it helps reduce stress. 2. She chose to walk to school __________ taking the bus. 3. This university is highly respected __________ scientific research. 4. With enough practice, everyone can __________ completing the task successfully. 5. The park was __________ a famous scientist who made great contributions to the country. 3. 微完型 Success depends on many factors. Hard work, confidence and determination are all important. __________ these qualities, a person can achieve great things. Many successful people remind us to __________ because difficulties are often temporary. Some athletes choose to train harder __________ giving up when facing setbacks. Their efforts often __________ outstanding achievements. In modern society, technology plays an important role __________ communication and education. Many schools are also __________ famous scientists to encourage students to pursue their dreams. 1. A. In addition B. Apart from C. Instead of D. Beyond recognition 2. A. be capable of B. work as C. never say never D. lead to 3. A. apart from B. in terms of C. instead of D. in addition 4. A. lead to B. work as C. be named after D. be capable of 5. A. beyond recognition B. in terms of C. never say never D. instead of 6. A. named after B. led to C. worked as D. capable of 4. 句型进阶 请利用本单元所学语块，翻译并升级下列句子。 1. 除了努力学习之外，我们还要保持身心健康。（提示词：apart from） 基础版：We should study hard and keep healthy. 升级版： ___________________________________________________________________________________________. 2. 她有能力独自完成这项任务。（提示词：be capable of） 基础版：She can finish the task by herself. 升级版： ____________________________________________________________________________________________. 3. 科技的发展导致了生活方式的改变。（提示词：lead to） 基础版：The development of technology changed our way of life. 升级版： ____________________________________________________________________________________________. 4. 谈到学习方法，每个人都有不同的选择。（提示词：in terms of） 基础版：Everyone has different choices about study methods. 升级版： ____________________________________________________________________________________________. UNIT 4 第一部分：单词复习 1.单词变形 1. greet v．问候；迎接；招呼 → greeting n．招呼；问候 2. exhibition n．展出；展览 → exhibit v．展出；展览 3. vividly adv．生动地 → vivid adj．生动的 4. elegant adj．高雅的；优美的 → elegance n．优雅 5. stimulate v．刺激；促进 → stimulation n．刺激 6. bare v．使暴露；露出 adj．裸露的；空的 → barely adv．仅仅；几乎不 7. frequent adj．频繁的 → frequently adv．频繁地 8. mostly adv．大部分；主要地 → most pron．大多数 adv．最；极其 2.语法填空 1. Visitors received a warm __________ when entering the museum. (greet) 2. The paintings were carefully __________ in the art gallery. (exhibition) 3. The writer __________ described the beautiful scenery. (vivid) 4. She moved across the stage with great __________. (elegant) 5. The teacher's words provided strong __________ for students to continue learning. (stimulate) 6. The trees were __________ visible in the heavy fog. (bare) 7. He __________ visits museums and art galleries on weekends. (frequent) 8. The audience was __________ made up of university students. (most) 9. The museum is holding an art __________ this month. (exhibit) 10. The novel gives a __________ description of life in ancient China. (vividly) 核心单词拼写（单词中译英） 1.单词拼写 1. 2. 问候；迎接 v. __________ 3. 招呼；问候 n. __________ 4. 展览；展出 n. __________ 5. 展出；展览 v. __________ 6. 生动地 adv. __________ 7. 生动的 adj. __________ 8. 高雅的；优美的 adj. __________ 9. 优雅 n. __________ 10. 刺激；促进 v. __________ 11. 刺激 n. __________ 12. 使暴露；露出 v. __________ 13. 几乎不 adv. __________ 14. 频繁的 adj. __________ 15. 频繁地 adv. __________ 16. 主要地；大部分 adv. __________ 17. 2.同义替换 1. The speaker welcomed all the guests warmly.（可将welcomed替换为__________） 2. The artist gave a very lively description of the scene.（可将lively替换为__________） 3. The beautiful dancer moved in a very graceful way.（可将graceful替换为__________） 4. The teacher's praise encouraged students to work harder.（可将encouraged替换为__________） 5. He often visits art museums during holidays.（可将often替换为__________） 阅读单词认知（单词英译中）+段落盲测 1.单词释义 1. 2. sculpture n. __________________ 3. portrait n. __________________ 4. masterpiece n. __________________ 5. gallery n. __________________ 6. artist n. __________________ 7. architecture n. __________________ 8. artwork n. __________________ 9. audience n. __________________ 2. 段落盲测（熟词生义+长难句翻译） 通读下列短文。 在阅读过程中，请将加粗并带有编号的阅读词汇在本文中的具体中文意思写在下方表格中；并将划线句子翻译成中文。 Art has the power to inspire people and help them understand the world in different ways. Every year, millions of visitors attend exhibitions to appreciate famous artworks. Last weekend, I visited a museum that was holding a special art exhibition. The paintings immediately ①caught my attention because of their bright colours and creative designs. One artist used simple objects to create a work in the ②shape of a bird, which impressed many visitors. What amazed me most was that the artist, whose works had once been considered unusual, was able to express deep emotions through the simplest materials. The exhibition left a strong ③impression on me. I was especially interested in how the artist could ④stimulate people's imagination through ordinary objects. His work received high praise and became one of the most popular ⑤exhibits in the museum. 词汇 文中意思 ① caught ______ ② shape ______ ③ impression ______ ④ stimulate ______ ⑤ exhibits ______ 划线句翻译： _________________________________________________________________________________________. 第二部分：高频短语复习 1. 词组背诵 1. 2. make an impression on... 给……留下印象 3. get a load of... 注意；仔细看 4. hold up 举起 5. look into 往里看；调查 6. reach out to 把手伸向；接触 7. be fond of... 喜欢…… 8. catch one's attention 吸引某人的注意力 9. in the shape of... 呈……的形状 10. throw away 扔掉 11. mistake...for... 把……错当成…… 12. lie in 在于……；位于…… 13. sing high praises for... 高度赞扬…… 2. 短语填空（根据句意，参考上述词组填写，强化记忆） 1. The beautiful painting immediately __________ all the visitors. 2. The success of the project __________ teamwork and mutual trust. 3. Please don't __________ recyclable materials. 4. The little girl made a cake __________ a flower. 5. Many art critics __________ the young artist's creative works. 3.微完型 Last weekend, I visited an art exhibition. As soon as I entered the gallery, a huge painting __________. It was a bird __________ a rising sun. The guide asked us to __________ the details carefully and explained the meaning behind the artwork. Many visitors __________ the artist because of his creativity. During the visit, the guide also encouraged young people to __________ art and explore their imagination. 1. A. held up B. caught my attention C. looked into D. threw away 2. A. mistaken for B. lying in C. in the shape of D. fond of 3. A. get a load of B. throw away C. hold up D. mistake 4. A. sang high praises for B. reached out to C. looked into D. held up 5. A. be fond of B. lie in C. catch attention D. throw away 4. 句型进阶 请利用本单元所学语块，翻译并升级下列句子。 1. 这幅画给我留下了深刻印象。（提示词：make an impression on） 基础版：This painting impressed me a lot. 升级版： __________________________________________________________________________________________. 2. 这件艺术品吸引了所有参观者的注意力。（提示词：catch one's attention） 基础版：This artwork attracted all the visitors. 升级版： _________________________________________________________________________________________. 3. 这座建筑呈莲花的形状。（提示词：in the shape of） 基础版：This building looks like a lotus flower. 升级版： _________________________________________________________________________________________. 4. 许多人高度赞扬了这位艺术家的作品。（提示词：sing high praises for） 基础版：Many people highly praised the artist's works. 升级版： _________________________________________________________________________________________. UNIT 5 第一部分：单词复习 1. 单词变形 1．initial adj.开始的，最初的→initially adv.最初 2．crowd n．人群→crowded adj.拥挤的 3．failure n．失败→fail v．失败 4．thrill n．惊险，刺激v．使兴奋→thrilled adj.非常兴奋的→thrilling adj.令人激动的 5．unaware adj.未觉察到的，未意识到的→aware adj.意识到的；明白的 6．wool n．羊毛，毛织物→woolen(＝woollen) adj.羊毛的 7．bleeding n．流血，失血→bleed v．流血→blood n．血 8．injury n．损伤；伤害→injure vt.伤害→injured adj.受伤的 9．permit v．允许，准许，许可→permission n．允许，许可 10．fascinated adj.被迷住的，被吸引住的→fascinate v．深深吸引；迷住 11．relate v．相联系，有关联；讲述→related adj.有关的 12．astonish v．使吃惊，使惊讶→astonished adj.惊讶的→astonishing adj.令人惊讶的→astonishment n．吃惊，惊讶 13．consume v．消耗→consumption n．消费；消耗 14．gradually adv.逐渐地，逐步地→gradual adj.逐渐的 15．surround v．环绕，围绕→surrounding adj.周围的 16．wrinkled adj.有皱褶的→wrinkle n．皱纹v．皱起 17．depth n．深，深度→deep adj.深的adv.在深处，至深处 2.语法填空 1. We were excited from the __________ moment we arrived at the camp. (initial) 2. The streets became extremely __________ during the festival. (crowd) 3. His repeated __________ taught him the value of persistence. (fail) 4. The roller coaster ride was absolutely __________. (thrill) 5. She seemed completely __________ of the danger around her. (aware) 6. The hunter noticed a trail of __________ on the ground. (bleed) 7. Several passengers were seriously __________ in the accident. (injure) 8. Visitors are not allowed to enter the area without __________. (permit) 9. I was completely __________ by the beauty of the mountains. (fascinate) 10. To our great __________, nobody was hurt in the explosion. (astonish) 11. The country's energy __________ has increased rapidly in recent years. (consume) 12. The weather changed __________ as we climbed higher. (gradual) 13. The village is surrounded by beautiful __________ scenery. (surround) 14. The lake is known for its great __________. (deep) 15. The two events are closely __________ to each other. (relate) 核心单词拼写（单词中译英） 1.单词拼写 1. 最初的；开始的 adj. __________ 2. 人群 n. __________ 3. 失败 n. __________ 4. 刺激；兴奋 n. __________ 5. 未意识到的 adj. __________ 6. 羊毛 n. __________ 7. 流血；失血 n. __________ 8. 损伤；伤害 n. __________ 9. 允许；许可 v. __________ 10. 着迷的 adj. __________ 11. 联系；关联 v. __________ 12. 使惊讶 v. __________ 13. 消耗 v. __________ 14. 逐渐地 adv. __________ 15. 环绕；围绕 v. __________ 16. 有皱纹的 adj. __________ 17. 深度 n. __________ 2. 同义替换（将划线单词用更高级的词汇替换） 1. The mountain view completely attracted me.（可将attracted替换为__________） 2. To our great surprise, he finished the task alone.（可将surprise替换为__________） 3. The two issues are closely connected.（可将connected替换为__________） 4. The river becomes much deeper near the waterfall.（可将deeper替换为__________） 5. Energy use has increased rapidly in recent years.（可将use替换为__________） 阅读单词认知（单词英译中）+段落盲测 1. 单词释义 1. 2. glacier n. __________________ 3. canyon n. __________________ 4. expedition n. __________________ 5. landscape n. __________________ 6. explorer n. __________________ 7. waterfall n. __________________ 8. valley n. __________________ 9. destination n. __________________ 2. 段落盲测 通读下列短文。 在阅读过程中，请将加粗并带有编号的阅读词汇在本文中的具体中文意思写在下方表格中；并将划线句子翻译成中文。 Travelling is one of the best ways to explore the world and learn about different cultures. During a journey, people often experience unexpected challenges as well as unforgettable moments. Last summer, I joined an expedition to a remote mountain area. At the ①initial stage of the trip, everything seemed easy. However, as we climbed higher, the weather changed dramatically and the path became more difficult. Many members of the group were ②unaware of the dangers hidden in the mountains. What impressed us most was that the guide, who had explored the area for more than twenty years, remained completely calm even when the situation became extremely dangerous. After several days of hard work, we finally reached the top. The breathtaking scenery left us ③fascinated. To our great ④astonishment, we even saw a rare animal near the mountain lake. Looking at the vast landscape around us, we suddenly realized the true ⑤depth of nature's beauty. 词汇 文中意思 ① initial ______ ② unaware ______ ③ fascinated ______ ④ astonishment ______ ⑤ depth ______ 划线句翻译： _________________________________________________________________________________________. 第二部分：高频短语复习 1. 词组背诵 1. 2. bring...into focus使……成为焦点 3. in search of寻找 4. by the end of到……末为止 5. focus on集中注意力于…… 6. figure out弄明白；计算 7. result in导致 8. refer to...as...把……称作…… 9. take risks/a risk冒险 10. up to由……决定 11. along with和……一起 12. in charge主管；掌管 13. look back upon回顾 14. in broad daylight在大白天 2. 短语填空（根据句意，参考上述词组填写，强化记忆） 1. Scientists are still __________ the cause of the mysterious phenomenon. 2. We should __________ our goals instead of worrying about the past. 3. Careless driving may __________ serious accidents. 4. The final decision is __________ the manager. 5. When I __________ my childhood, I always remember those happy days. 3. 微完型 Many explorers devoted their lives to discovering unknown places. They travelled across mountains, deserts and oceans __________ new destinations. Success often depended on their ability to __________ difficult situations and make wise decisions. Some explorers were willing to __________ in order to achieve their goals. Their discoveries helped __________ many natural wonders and mysteries. Even today, scientists continue to study these achievements and __________ the explorers as pioneers of human exploration. 1. A. in charge of B. in search of C. in broad daylight D. up to 2. A. figure out B. focus on C. look back upon D. bring into focus 3. A. take risks B. focus on C. result in D. refer to 4. A. result in B. refer to C. bring into focus D. look back upon 5. A. refer to B. focus on C. take risks D. figure out 4. 句型进阶 请利用本单元所学语块，翻译并升级下列句子。 1. 我们应该把注意力集中在自己的目标上。（提示词：focus on） 基础版：We should pay attention to our goals. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 2. 这个决定由你自己决定。（提示词：up to） 基础版：You can decide this by yourself. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 3. 他的粗心导致了这次失败。（提示词：result in） 基础版：His carelessness caused the failure. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 4. 许多科学家正在寻找解决这个问题的方法。（提示词：in search of） 基础版：Many scientists are looking for ways to solve the problem. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. UNIT 6 第一部分：单词复习 1.单词变形 1．erupt v．(火山)爆发，喷发→eruption n．爆发 2．immediately adv.即刻，马上→immediate adj.立刻的 3．occur v．发生→occurrence n．发生 4．announcement n．通告，公告→announce v．宣告 5．reliable adj.可信赖的，可靠的→rely v．依靠 6．emergency n．紧急情况，不测事件→emergent adj.紧急的；突发的 7．exceptionally adv.极其，非常→exceptional adj.杰出的，卓越的；特别的 8．threaten v．威胁到，危及→threat n．威胁；可能带来威胁的人(事) 9．precisely adv.精确地，准确地→precise adj.精确的，准确的 10．sufficient adj.足够的，充足的→sufficiently adv.足够地，充足地 2. 语法填空 1. The volcano suddenly __________, forcing people to leave the area. (erupt) 2. Rescue workers arrived __________ after receiving the emergency call. (immediate) 3. Scientists are studying the __________ of earthquakes in this region. (occur) 4. The school made an important __________ about tomorrow's activities. (announce) 5. We need a __________ source of information during emergencies. (rely) 6. Food and water should be prepared for any __________. (emergent) 7. She showed __________ talent in solving difficult problems. (exception) 8. Climate change continues to __________ many animal species. (threat) 9. The engineer measured the distance __________. (precise) 10. We have __________ food and water for the journey. (sufficient) 核心单词拼写（单词中译英） 1.单词拼写 18. 1. （火山）爆发；喷发 v. __________ 2. 爆发；喷发 n. __________ 3. 立即；马上 adv. __________ 4. 发生 v. __________ 5. 公告；通告 n. __________ 6. 宣布；宣告 v. __________ 7. 可靠的；可信赖的 adj. __________ 8. 紧急情况 n. __________ 9. 极其；非常 adv. __________ 10. 威胁；危及 v. __________ 11. 威胁 n. __________ 12. 精确地；准确地 adv. __________ 13. 精确的；准确的 adj. __________ 14. 足够的；充足的 adj. __________ 15. 足够地；充足地 adv. __________ 2. 同义替换（将划线单词用更高级的词汇替换） 1. The accident happened late at night.（可将happened替换为__________） 2. The weather warning was announced this morning.（可将announced替换为__________） 3. We need a trustworthy friend in difficult times.（可将trustworthy替换为__________） 4. The lack of clean water endangers local people.（可将endangers替换为__________） 5. The scientist measured the result exactly.（可将exactly替换为__________） 阅读单词认知（单词英译中）+段落盲测 1. 单词释义 1. 2. tsunami n. __________________ 3. hurricane n. __________________ 4. shelter n. __________________ 5. disaster n. __________________ 6. rescue n. & v. __________________ 7. survivor n. __________________ 8. warning n. __________________ 9. evacuation n. __________________ 2. 段落盲测 通读下列短文。 在阅读过程中，请将加粗并带有编号的阅读词汇在本文中的具体中文意思写在下方表格中；并将划线句子翻译成中文。 Natural disasters can happen at any time, so it is important to stay calm and be prepared. Governments and rescue teams often work together to reduce the damage caused by earthquakes, floods and volcanic eruptions. Last month, a volcano suddenly ①erupted, forcing thousands of people to leave their homes. An ②emergency rescue plan was put into action immediately after the disaster occurred. Rescue workers worked day and night to help local people reach safe places. What encouraged everyone most was that the rescue team, which had travelled hundreds of kilometres overnight, arrived at the disaster area in time and successfully saved many lives. The government made an important ③announcement reminding people to stay away from dangerous areas. Scientists continued to monitor the volcano and ④precisely recorded every change. Thanks to their efforts, the potential ⑤threat to nearby towns was greatly reduced. 词汇 文中意思 ① erupted ______ ② emergency ______ ③ announcement ______ ④ precisely ______ ⑤ threat ______ 划线句翻译： _________________________________________________________________________________________. 第二部分：高频短语复习 1. 词组背诵 1. have yet to 还没有 2. make it to 到达…… 3. look through 浏览 4. what's more 而且；此外 5. think about 考虑 6. fly off 飞走 7. all of a sudden 突然；猛地 8. in the open air 在户外 9. move on 继续前进 10. blow away 吹走 2. 短语填空（根据句意，参考上述词组填写，强化记忆） 1. We __________ finish the rescue work before night falls. 2. Please __________ the report carefully before the meeting begins. 3. __________, the weather suddenly changed and heavy rain began to fall. 4. The strong wind __________ several tents during the storm. 5. The rescue team finally __________ the village before sunset. 3. 微完型 Last summer, my family planned to go camping in the mountains. We packed everything carefully and hoped to __________ the campsite before dark. However, __________, a strong storm arrived and the wind almost __________ our tent. We decided to stay in a nearby shelter instead of sleeping __________. After reading the weather report carefully and discussing the situation, we chose to __________ our trip the next morning because safety always comes first. 1. A. have yet to B. make it to C. move on D. think about 2. A. What's more B. In the open air C. All of a sudden D. Look through 3. A. flew off B. blew away C. looked through D. thought about 4. A. in the open air B. all of a sudden C. what's more D. have yet to 5. A. move on with B. fly off C. look through D. blow away 4. 句型进阶 请利用本单元所学语块，翻译并升级下列句子。 1. 我们终于赶到了安全的地方。（提示词：make it to） 基础版：We finally arrived at a safe place. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 2. 突然，火山开始喷发。（提示词：all of a sudden） 基础版：The volcano suddenly erupted. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 3. 请先浏览一下这份通知。（提示词：look through） 基础版：Please read the notice first. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 4. 大风吹走了许多房屋的屋顶。（提示词：blow away） 基础版：The strong wind blew many roofs away. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 一、阅读理解 （2026·全国一卷·高考真题）In line with longstanding initiatives to expand its green spaces, New York City is planting tens of thousands of trees each year. They provide shade, lower surface temperatures, absorb a surprising amount of airborne carbon, remove tiny pollutants, and provide wildlife habitat along with just plain beauty. Something could go wrong, though, according to a new study. Oaks and sweetgums, which currently account for a majority of the city’s trees, produce huge amounts of a chemical substance called isoprene. Harmless by itself, isoprene interacts rapidly with polluting nitrogen oxides released by vehicles, buildings and industry to form ground-level ozone (臭氧) — a major factor in many breathing problems. The research, carried out by scientists at the Columbia Climate School and other institutions, found that if the city maintains past species patterns in new plantings, isoprene production in Manhattan in coming decades will go up by about 140%, and resulting summer ozone levels as much as 30%. “We’re all for planting more trees. They bring so many good things,” said study coauthor Róisín Commane. “But if we’re not careful, we could make air quality worse.” The Parks Department is not oblivious to the issue. A study carried out by some of its researchers several years ago concluded that city trees did release isoprene. “We didn’t make a big deal of that,” said Novem Auyeung, a Parks Department senior scientist. She said trees should not be viewed as the enemy. “We could plant any trees we want to, if we just rethink our car-centric lifestyle,” she said. “We’re not going to go cutting down any big old oaks,” and neither will the department completely stop planting new ones, said Auyeung. “You have to think about what you would lose if you do that.” Oaks are keystone species, she pointed out, providing food and habitat for native insects, birds and other animals. 1. What does the new study imply regarding oaks and sweetgums? A．They affect the growth of other trees. B．They absorb less carbon than expected. C．They harm people’s health indirectly. D．They raise the local temperature slowly. 2. Which of the following may Commane suggest based on their study? A．Cutting down the isoprene-producing trees. B．Suspending tree-planting for a few decades. C．Changing the species of trees in new plantings. D．Removing isoprene released by existing trees. 3. What does the underlined phrase “oblivious to” in paragraph 5 mean? A．Honest about. B．Unaware of. C．Related to. D．Optimistic about. 4. What would Auyeung probably advocate? A．Reducing car use in daily life. B．Providing animals with new habitats. C．Controlling population growth. D．Doing more research on the problem. 二、完形填空 （2025·全国一卷·高考真题）I grew up in a little town in northeast Ohio. The     1     of how little people knew about Ohio came quickly after I went to school in central Pennsylvania. Though I lived      2     three and a half hours away, most of my classmates thought of Ohio as a whole different world. “Do you have to fly home? Do you live on a farm?” The        3     were never-ending. I was a       4     in their eyes. As I grow older, I’m more and more       5     for my small town roots. Sure, my friends and I loved to       6     about how bored we were in the middle of nowhere;       7    , as I finish up my junior year of college, I’m convinced that it took       8     our small town to realize how much we actually loved it and what exactly we loved about it. The pace of life is slow and people       9     connecting to each other. You do more than just talk to your neighbors — in a lot of cases, they’re truly an     10     of your family. Much of this     11     centers around being outside and knowing the ins and outs of the town; being present and mindful of your     12     is a critical part of the culture. As I move through my college years, I     13     the visits to my little hometown. I am grateful for the     14     that I had growing up and know that wherever my next adventure takes me, I can     15     my small town roots to lead me in the right direction. 1. A．fantasy　 B．prejudice　 C．realization　 D．expectation 2. A．only　 B．indeed　 C．still　 D．even 3. A．tests　 B．questions　 C．games　 D．debates 4. A．success　 B．victim　 C．novelty　 D．problem 5. A．thankful　 B．hopeful　 C．suitable　 D．reliable 6. A．dream　 B．lie　 C．hear　 D．complain 7. A．therefore　 B．however　 C．instead　 D．otherwise 8. A．touring　 B．changing　 C．leaving　 D．protecting 9. A．value　 B．admit　 C．fear　 D．remember 10. A．advantage　 B．example　 C．honor　 D．extension 11. A．lifestyle　 B．landscape　 C．procedure　 D．personality 12. A．findings　 B．surroundings　 C．belongings　 D．greetings 13. A．give up　 B．put off　 C．face up to　 D．look forward to 14. A．confidence　 B．reputation　 C．experience　 D．opportunity 15. A．inspire　 B．trust　 C．remind　 D．challenge 三、语法填空 （2026·全国一卷·高考真题）阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Daji, or big open-air fairs, typically take place on specific dates of the lunar calendar, for example, on dates with five or seven as the last digit. It is also common for them     1     (hold) during traditional Chinese holidays such as the Spring Festival and the Mid-Autumn Festival, as well as other local festivals. The exact dates and     2     (frequent) of daji vary from region to region. Daji originated from the ancient folk custom of trading goods, which dates back to     3     Han Dynasty. As transportation and communication     4     (be) underdeveloped at that time, it was very difficult for households to obtain daily     5     (necessity). As a solution, people gathered at specific locations on set days to trade their surplus (剩余的) items     6     what they needed. In addition to being venues for buying and selling, daji are occasions for socializing and entertainment. People from near and far crowd into these markets on daji days.     7     (draw) by the aroma (香味) of street food, they line up in front of stands     8     serve steaming dumplings and hot noodle soup. While eating and enjoying street performances, they chat with each other and share stories of their daily lives. Before     9     (head) home, they fill their shopping bags with fresh fruit and vegetables from local farmers, at prices significantly     10     (cheap) than those found in supermarkets. $第03讲 必修第三册 词汇短语复习 考点要求 考题统计 考情分析   教材词汇 课标词汇   2026考情分析 原词：initial，failure，permit，injury，occur，threaten 派生词：eruption，announcement，permission，reliable，astonishment，consumption 合成词：greenhouse，earthquake，rainfall，sunrise，wildfire，snowstorm 2025考情分析 原词：campaign、invest、genuine、abstract、column、harmony 派生词：persuasive、destruction、placement、thoughtless、exposure 合成词：expressway、ownership、unsung、landfill 2024考情分析 原词：concentrate、digital、theory、shallow、devote、assume、observe、origin、valley 派生词：likelihood、idiomatic、usage、viewing、influential 合成词：greenhouse、uphill 其他年份考情分析 派生词： 2023:rental,erase, statistician,bimonthly; 2022: strengthen, additionally; 2021:popularization,undoubtedly,outperform； 合成词： 2023:fiberglass, ecosystem,checkpoint; 2021:makeup; footprint 转化词：mind(n.-v.); leaf(n.-v.); tear(n.-v.); average(n.-v.); touch(v.-n.);   新高考词汇难度增大。阅读分值上涨，总阅读量2959词，阅读量上升。读后续写部分要求读写结合，需要更多的词汇积累和输出。分析最近的高考试题可知， 1. 适度考查一些学生不常接触的高考词汇。 2. 强化了对熟词生义的考查。 3. 加大了对构词法的考查力度。 4. 全面考查词汇在语境中灵活运用的能力，如情境意识、同义转换和概要思维能力。 复习目标：以新课标词汇为依据，新教材单词表为蓝本，以近三年新高考真题为导向，在一轮词汇复习中夯实词汇基础，并反复积累，运用构词法扩大词汇量并在大量的语篇阅读中迁移词汇运用能力，大胆猜测熟词的生义并积累地道的搭配和习惯用语。 UNIT 1 第一部分：单词复习 1.单词变形 1．loose adj.控制不严的→loosely adv.宽松地；松散地→loosen v．(使)放松，变松 2．breath n．呼出的气→breathe v.呼吸→breathless adj.气喘吁吁的 3．concern n．忧虑，担心→concerned adj.担心的；关切的→concerning prep.关于 4．annoyed adj.恼怒的，烦恼的→annoy vt.使恼怒；使生气→annoying adj.令人恼怒的 5．adjust v．适应，(使)习惯→adjustment n．调整，调节；适应 6．accident n．意外事件；偶然因素→accidental adj.偶然的→accidently adv.偶然地 7．complexity n．复杂性，错综复杂→complex adj.复杂的 8．forgive v．原谅，宽恕→forgiveness n．原谅；宽恕 9．criticise v．批评，指责→criticism n．批评 10．embarrassment n．尴尬，难为情→embarrass vt.使尴尬 11．frank adj.坦率的，坦诚的，直言不讳的→frankly adv.坦率地；老实说 12．independent adj.独立的→independence n．独立 2.语法填空 1. He stood there __________, not knowing what to say. (embarrass) 2. She finally made an important __________ after moving to a new school. (adjust) 3. __________, nobody was hurt in the traffic accident. (accident) 4. The problem is more __________ than we expected. (complexity) 5. The teacher was very __________ about the students' safety. (concern) 6. After running for a long time, he was completely __________. (breath) 7. I hope you can __________ me for being late. (forgive) 8. His words sounded polite, but __________, I didn't agree with him. (frank) 9. Her parents encouraged her to live __________. (independent) 10. Constant __________ from others made him lose confidence. (criticise) 1.【答案】embarrassed 【详解】句意：他尴尬地站在那里，不知道该说什么。空处作表语，表示人的感受，应用embarrassed。故填embarrassed。 2.【答案】adjustment 【详解】句意：搬到新学校后，她终于做出了重要调整。空前有an important，应用名词adjustment。故填adjustment。 3.【答案】Accidentally 【详解】句意：幸运的是，没有人在这场交通事故中受伤。空处修饰整个句子，应用副词accidentally。故填Accidentally。 4.【答案】complex 【详解】句意：这个问题比我们预想的更复杂。空处作表语，应用形容词complex。故填complex。 5.【答案】concerned 【详解】句意：老师非常关心学生们的安全。be concerned about意为“关心；担忧”。故填concerned。 6.【答案】breathless 【详解】句意：跑了很长时间后，他已经上气不接下气。应用形容词breathless。故填breathless。 7.【答案】forgive 【详解】句意：我希望你能原谅我的迟到。情态动词can后接动词原形。故填forgive。 8.【答案】frankly 【详解】句意：他说得很礼貌，但坦白说，我并不同意他。frankly意为“坦白说”。故填frankly。 9.【答案】independently 【详解】句意：她的父母鼓励她独立生活。空处修饰动词live，应用副词independently。故填independently。 10.【答案】criticism 【详解】句意：不断受到批评使他失去了信心。空处作主语，应用名词criticism。故填criticism。 核心单词拼写（单词中译英）+同义替换 1.单词拼写 1. 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 2. 控制不严的；松散的 adj. __________ 3. 呼出的气 n. __________ 4. 忧虑；担心 n. __________ 5. 恼怒的；烦恼的 adj. __________ 6. 适应；（使）习惯 v. __________ 7. 意外事件；偶然因素 n. __________ 8. 复杂性 n. __________ 9. 原谅；宽恕 v. __________ 10. 批评；指责 v. __________ 11. 尴尬；难为情 n. __________ 12. 坦率的；坦诚的 adj. __________ 13. 独立的 adj. __________ 【答案】1. loose 2.breath 3.concern 4.annoyed 5.adjust 6.accident 7.complexity 8.forgive 9.criticise 10.embarrassment 11.frank 12.independent 2. 同义替换（将划线单词用更高级的词汇替换） 5. He felt very angry when his friend broke the promise.（可将angry替换为__________） 6. The new environment was difficult for her to get used to.（可将get used to替换为__________） 7. I hope you can excuse me for my mistake.（可将excuse替换为__________） 8. To be honest, I don't agree with this decision.（可将honest替换为__________） 9. She hopes to live on her own in the future.（可将on her own替换为__________） 【答案】 1.【答案】annoyed 【详解】句意：当朋友违背承诺时，他感到非常生气。annoyed可表示“恼怒的；生气的”。故填annoyed。 2.【答案】adjust to 【详解】句意：新环境让她很难适应。adjust to意为“适应”。故填adjust to。 3.【答案】forgive 【详解】句意：希望你能原谅我的错误。forgive可替换excuse。故填forgive。 4.【答案】frank 【详解】句意：坦白说，我不同意这个决定。to be honest可替换为frankly speaking。故填frank。 5.【答案】independently 【详解】句意：她希望将来能够独立生活。independently表示“独立地”。故填independently。 阅读单词认知（单词英译中）+段落盲测 1.单词释义 1. 2. signal n. __________________ 3. strategy n. __________________ 4. misunderstanding n. __________________ 5. conflict n. __________________ 6. emotion n. __________________ 7. relationship n. __________________ 8. personality n. __________________ 9. communication n. __________________ 1. 【答案】1.信号 2.策略 3.误解 4.冲突 5.情绪；情感 6.关系 7.性格；个性 8.交流；沟通 2.段落盲测(熟词生义+长难句翻译) 通读下列短文。 在阅读过程中，请将加粗并带有编号的阅读词汇在本文中的具体中文意思写在下方表格中；并将划线句子翻译成中文。 Friendship plays an important role in our lives. However, misunderstandings sometimes happen and may affect relationships between friends. Last month, Tom had an argument with his best friend. He was very ①annoyed because he thought his friend had shared a secret with others. After calming down, he decided to talk to his friend honestly. During their conversation, he realized that everything had happened by ②accident and that his friend never intended to hurt him. What impressed Tom most was that his friend, who had been criticised by many classmates, still chose to explain the truth patiently instead of getting angry. After hearing the explanation, Tom asked for ③forgiveness and admitted his mistake. His friend accepted his apology and showed great ④understanding. The experience taught Tom the importance of trust and open communication. Their friendship became even stronger, and both of them gained more ⑤confidence in dealing with problems. 请写出下列单词在文中的具体中文意思： 词汇 文中意思 ① annoyed __________________________________________ ② accident __________________________________________ ③ forgiveness __________________________________________ ④ understanding __________________________________________ ⑤ confidence __________________________________________ 划线句翻译： _________________________________________________________________________________________. 【答案】 词汇 文中意思 ① annoyed 恼怒的 ② accident 偶然情况；意外 ③ forgiveness 原谅 ④ understanding 理解；体谅 ⑤ confidence 信心 划线句翻译： 最让汤姆感动的是，尽管他的朋友曾受到许多同学的批评，但仍然选择耐心地解释真相，而不是生气。 【详解】What impressed Tom most为What引导的主语从句；that his friend...still chose...为表语从句；who had been criticised by many classmates为定语从句，修饰friend；instead of getting angry意为“而不是生气”。因此全句译为：“最让汤姆感动的是，尽管他的朋友曾受到许多同学的批评，但仍然选择耐心地解释真相，而不是生气。” 第二部分：高频短语复习 1.词组背诵 1. help out 帮一把 2. let down 使失望；辜负 3. let off steam 发泄怒火；宣泄情绪 4. loose lips sink ships 祸从口出 5. take a breath 吸一口气 6. pull one's weight 做好分内事；尽责 7. be crazy about 对……着迷；热衷于 8. calm down 冷静下来 9. as well as 也；又；还 10. work out 解决；算出；进展顺利 11. take it easy 放轻松；别着急 12. by accident 偶然地；意外地 13. look down on/upon 看不起；轻视 14. settle down 安顿下来；平静下来 2.短语填空（根据句意，参考上述词组填写，强化记忆） 1. After moving to the new city, it took her several months to __________. 2. Please __________ and tell us exactly what happened. 3. My brother is __________ basketball and spends hours practising every day. 4. The teacher asked everyone to __________ and finish the group task together. 5. I found this old photo album completely __________ while cleaning my room. 【详解】 1.【答案】settle down 【详解】句意：搬到新城市后，她花了几个月时间才安顿下来。settle down意为“安顿下来”。故填settle down。 2.【答案】take a breath 【详解】句意：请先深呼吸一下，再告诉我们发生了什么。take a breath意为“吸一口气；深呼吸”。故填take a breath。 3.【答案】crazy about 【详解】句意：我哥哥非常迷恋篮球，每天花数小时训练。be crazy about意为“对……着迷”。故填crazy about。 4.【答案】pull their weight 【详解】句意：老师要求每个人做好自己的分内工作，共同完成任务。pull one's weight意为“尽责；做好分内事”。故填pull their weight。 5.【答案】by accident 【详解】句意：我在整理房间时偶然发现了这本旧相册。by accident意为“偶然地”。故填by accident。 3.微完型 Good friendships require effort from both sides. When your friends are facing difficulties, you should always be willing to __________. If they make mistakes, don't immediately feel disappointed or __________ them. Instead, talk calmly and try to solve the problem. Sometimes people need to __________ after a stressful day. During disagreements, it is important to __________ and communicate openly. Remember that true friends support each other and always __________ when facing challenges together. 1. A. help out B. settle down C. take it easy D. work out 2. A. calm down B. let down C. help out D. settle down 3. A. pull their weight B. work out C. let off steam D. look down on 4. A. calm down B. take a breath C. work out D. look down on 5. A. be crazy about B. pull their weight C. by accident D. let down 【详解】 1.【答案】A 【详解】朋友遇到困难时，我们应该主动帮忙。help out意为“帮一把”。故选A。 2.【答案】B 【详解】句意：如果朋友犯错，不要立刻觉得他们让你失望。let down意为“使失望”。故选B。 3.【答案】C 【详解】let off steam意为“发泄情绪”，符合压力大的语境。故选C。 4.【答案】A 【详解】发生矛盾时首先应该冷静下来。calm down意为“冷静下来”。故选A。 5.【答案】B 【详解】真正的朋友会共同承担责任，各尽其责。pull one's weight意为“做好分内事”。故选B。 4.句型进阶 请利用本单元所学语块，翻译并升级下列句子。 1. 当朋友遇到困难时，我们应该帮助他们。（提示词：help out） 基础版：We should help our friends when they have problems. 升级版： ______________________________________________________________________________________. 2. 遇到问题时，你应该先冷静下来。（提示词：calm down） 基础版：You should be quiet first when you have problems. 升级版： ______________________________________________________________________________________. 3. 他非常喜欢摄影。（提示词：be crazy about） 基础版：He likes photography very much. 升级版： ______________________________________________________________________________________. 4. 我们应该做好自己的分内工作。（提示词：pull one's weight） 基础版：Everyone should do his or her own job. 升级版： ______________________________________________________________________________________. 【答案】 1.【答案】When our friends are in trouble, we should always help them out. 【详解】help out意为“帮助；帮一把”，是人与人关系话题中的高频表达。 2.【答案】When facing problems, you should calm down first. 【详解】calm down意为“冷静下来”，是解决矛盾类写作常用短语。 3.【答案】He is crazy about photography. 【详解】be crazy about意为“对……着迷”，比like very much更高级、更地道。 4.【答案】Everyone should pull their weight. 【详解】pull one's weight意为“尽责；做好分内事”，是团队合作类写作的高频表达。 UNIT 2 第一部分：单词复习 1.单词变形 1．contribution n．贡献→contribute v．贡献；捐助；投稿 2．relief n．减轻，缓解→relieve v．减轻，缓解 3．shortage n．短缺，不足，缺乏→short adj.短的；缺少的 4．effective adj.有效的，产生预期效果的→effect n．效果 5．earn v．挣(钱)→earnings n．收入 6．donate v．捐赠，捐献→donation n．捐献 7．reality n．真实，现实→real adj.真实的→really adv.真正地 8．disability n．残疾，残障→disabled adj.残疾的 9．sensitive adj.敏感的，容易生气的→sense n．感官；感觉 10．generous adj.慷慨的，大方的→generosity n．慷慨，大方 11．hesitate v．迟疑，犹豫→hesitation n．迟疑，犹豫 12．assistance n．帮助，援助→assist v．帮助，援助 13．registration n．登记，注册→register v．登记，注册 14．confirmation n．证实，证明→confirm v．证实，证明 15．temporary adj.短期的，短暂的；临时的→temporarily adv.短期地，短暂地；临时地 16．achievement n．成绩，成就→achieve v．实现 17．chief adj.最高级别的，首席的→chiefly adv.主要地 18．major adj.重要的，主要的→majority n．大多数 19．treatment n．治疗；疗法→treat v．治疗；对待 2.语法填空 1. His greatest __________ was winning the national science competition. (achieve) 2. Thanks to the doctor's timely __________, the patient recovered quickly. (treat) 3. The organization made a significant __________ to education in poor areas. (contribute) 4. The medicine proved highly __________ in reducing pain. (effect) 5. The company made a large __________ to the charity event. (donate) 6. She didn't answer immediately because of her __________. (hesitate) 7. We sincerely appreciate your kind __________ during the difficult period. (assist) 8. Please complete the online __________ before attending the event. (register) 9. The email served as a formal __________ of his appointment. (confirm) 10. The office will be __________ closed for repairs next week. (temporary) 【答案】 1.【答案】achievement 【详解】句意：他最大的成就是赢得全国科学竞赛。空前有形容词greatest，应用名词achievement。故填achievement。 2.【答案】treatment 【详解】句意：由于医生及时治疗，病人很快康复了。根据句意应用名词treatment。故填treatment。 3.【答案】contribution 【详解】句意：该组织为贫困地区教育事业作出了巨大贡献。make a contribution to为固定搭配。故填contribution。 4.【答案】effective 【详解】句意：这种药在减轻疼痛方面证明非常有效。prove后接形容词作表语。故填effective。 5.【答案】donation 【详解】句意：这家公司为慈善活动进行了大额捐赠。空前有a large，应用名词donation。故填donation。 6.【答案】hesitation 【详解】句意：由于犹豫，她没有立即回答。空前有形容词性物主代词her，应用名词hesitation。故填hesitation。 7.【答案】assistance 【详解】句意：我们真诚感谢您在困难时期给予的帮助。assistance意为“帮助；援助”。故填assistance。 8.【答案】registration 【详解】句意：参加活动前请完成网上注册。registration意为“登记；注册”。故填registration。 9.【答案】confirmation 【详解】句意：这封邮件是其任命的正式确认。confirmation意为“证实；确认”。故填confirmation。 10.【答案】temporarily 【详解】句意：办公室下周将临时关闭进行维修。空处修饰动词closed，应用副词temporarily。故填temporarily。 核心单词拼写（单词中译英）+同义替换 1.单词拼写 1. 2. 贡献 n. __________ 3. 减轻；缓解 n. __________ 4. 短缺；不足 n. __________ 5. 有效的 adj. __________ 6. 挣（钱）v. __________ 7. 捐赠；捐献 v. __________ 8. 真实；现实 n. __________ 9. 残疾；残障 n. __________ 10. 敏感的 adj. __________ 11. 慷慨的；大方的 adj. __________ 12. 迟疑；犹豫 v. __________ 13. 帮助；援助 n. __________ 14. 登记；注册 n. __________ 15. 证实；证明 n. __________ 16. 成绩；成就 n. __________ 【答案】1.contribution 2.relief 3.shortage 4.effective 5.earn 6.donate 7.reality 8.disability 9.sensitive 10.generous 11.hesitate 12.assistance 13.registration 14.confirmation 15.achievement 2.同义替换（将划线单词用更高级的词汇替换） 1. The new medicine is very useful in treating the disease.（可将useful替换为__________） 2. She gave a large amount of money to the poor children.（可将gave替换为__________） 3. He finally reached his goal after years of hard work.（可将reached替换为__________） 4. She is always willing to help others.（可将help替换为__________） 5. To tell the truth, life is not always easy.（可将truth替换为__________） 【答案】 1.【答案】effective 【详解】句意：这种新药治疗疾病非常有效。effective比useful更符合医学语境。故填effective。 2.【答案】donated 【详解】句意：她向贫困儿童捐赠了大量资金。donate意为“捐赠”。故填donated。 3.【答案】achieved 【详解】句意：经过多年努力，他终于实现了目标。achieve意为“实现；达到”。故填achieved。 4.【答案】assist 【详解】句意：她总是乐于帮助别人。assist可替换help。故填assist。 5.【答案】reality 【详解】句意：现实生活并不总是容易的。reality意为“现实”。故填reality。 阅读单词认知（单词英译中）+段落盲测 1.单词释义 1. 2. volunteer n. __________________ 3. charity n. __________________ 4. community n. __________________ 5. patient n. __________________ 6. welfare n. __________________ 7. campaign n. __________________ 8. support n. __________________ 9. opportunity n. __________________ 【答案】1.志愿者 2.慈善机构；慈善事业 3.社区 4.病人 5.福利 6.运动；活动 7.支持 8.机会 2.段落盲测（熟词生义+长难句翻译） 通读下列短文。 在阅读过程中，请将加粗并带有编号的阅读词汇在本文中的具体中文意思写在下方表格中；并将划线句子翻译成中文。 Many people around the world devote themselves to helping others. Some volunteer in hospitals, while others work for charities or community organizations. Last year, a young doctor made a great ①contribution to a medical aid project in a remote village. Because of a severe shortage of medical resources, many patients could not receive proper ②treatment. The doctor worked hard to improve local healthcare conditions and provided free medical services to hundreds of people. What impressed the villagers most was that the doctor, who could have chosen a much more comfortable life in the city, stayed there for several years to help those in need. His work brought great ③relief to local families and inspired many young people to join volunteer programs. Thanks to his ④generosity and dedication, more donations were collected for the project. His efforts eventually became a remarkable ⑤achievement in the region. 词汇 文中意思 ① contribution ______ ② treatment ______ ③ relief ______ ④generosity ______ ⑤achievement ______ 划线句翻译： _________________________________________________________________________________________. 【答案】 词汇 文中意思 ① contribution 贡献 ② treatment 治疗 ③ relief 缓解；帮助 ④ generosity 慷慨 ⑤ achievement 成就 划线句翻译 最让村民们感动的是，这位本可以选择在城市过更加舒适生活的医生，却在那里待了好几年，帮助那些需要帮助的人。 【详解】 What impressed the villagers most为What引导的主语从句； that the doctor...stayed there...为表语从句； who could have chosen...为非限制性定语从句，修饰doctor； those in need意为“需要帮助的人”。 因此全句可译为： “最让村民们感动的是，这位本可以选择在城市过更加舒适生活的医生，却在那里待了好几年，帮助那些需要帮助的人。” 第二部分：高频短语复习 1.词组背诵 1. have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难 2. be determined to do sth. 决心做某事 3. break into a smile 突然笑起来 4. set up 建立；创办 5. benefit from 从……中受益 6. come up with 想出；提出 7. keep records of 记录…… 8. serve as 充当；担任 9. take in 接收；收留 10. rise to one's feet 站起身来 11. bring...to one's attention 使……被某人注意 12. pass away 去世 2.短语填空（根据句意，参考上述词组填写，强化记忆） 1. The charity hopes to __________ a fund to help disabled children. 2. She is __________ become a doctor and help people in need. 3. Many students __________ volunteer activities and gain valuable experience. 4. The teacher asked us to __________ our daily reading progress. 5. After hearing the good news, he suddenly __________. 【答案】 1.【答案】set up 【详解】句意：这个慈善组织希望建立一个基金来帮助残障儿童。set up意为“建立；创办”。故填set up。 2.【答案】determined to 【详解】句意：她决心成为一名医生，帮助有需要的人。be determined to do sth.意为“决心做某事”。故填determined to。 3.【答案】benefit from 【详解】句意：许多学生从志愿活动中受益并获得宝贵经验。benefit from意为“从……中受益”。故填benefit from。 4.【答案】keep records of 【详解】句意：老师要求我们记录每天的阅读进度。keep records of意为“记录……”。故填keep records of。 5.【答案】broke into a smile 【详解】句意：听到这个好消息后，他突然笑了起来。break into a smile意为“突然笑起来”。结合语境应用过去式。故填broke into a smile。 3.微完型 Dr. Lin devoted her life to helping people in need. She was always __________ improving medical services in poor areas. To help more patients, she helped __________ several healthcare centers. These centers not only provided treatment but also __________ temporary shelters for people in difficulty. Volunteers carefully __________ every patient's condition and often __________ useful ideas to improve local healthcare. Many villagers greatly __________ these services and their quality of life improved significantly. 1. A. determined to B. come up with C. rise to her feet D. pass away 2. A. set up B. take in C. benefit from D. break into a smile 3. A. served as B. passed away C. rose to their feet D. broke into a smile 4. A. brought to their attention B. kept records of C. came up with D. took in 5. A. came up with B. passed away C. took in D. rose to their feet 6. A. benefited from B. served as C. set up D. passed away 【答案】 1.【答案】A 【详解】be determined to do sth.意为“决心做某事”，符合林医生帮助他人的事迹。故选A。 2.【答案】A 【详解】set up意为“建立；创办”，符合建立医疗中心的语境。故选A。 3.【答案】A 【详解】serve as意为“充当；担任”，符合医疗中心充当临时避难所的语境。故选A。 4.【答案】B 【详解】keep records of意为“记录”。符合记录病人情况的语境。故选B。 5.【答案】A 【详解】come up with意为“提出；想出”。符合提出改进方案的语境。故选A。 6.【答案】A 【详解】benefit from意为“从……中受益”。符合村民受益于医疗服务的语境。故选A。 4.句型进阶 请利用本单元所学语块，翻译并升级下列句子。 1. 她决心帮助更多有需要的人。（提示词：be determined to） 基础版：She wants to help more people in need. 升级版： ____________________________________________________________________________________________.2. 学校建立了一所新的图书馆。（提示词：set up） 基础版：The school built a new library. 升级版： ____________________________________________________________________________________________.3. 许多学生从志愿服务活动中受益。（提示词：benefit from） 基础版：Many students gain a lot from volunteer work. 升级版： ____________________________________________________________________________________________.4. 我们应该记录自己的学习进步。（提示词：keep records of） 基础版：We should write down our learning progress. 升级版： ____________________________________________________________________________________________.1.【答案】She is determined to help more people in need. 【详解】be determined to do sth.意为“决心做某事”，是写作中表达决心的高级句式。 2.【答案】The school set up a new library. 【详解】set up意为“建立；创办”，比build更符合机构、组织、设施的创建语境。 3.【答案】Many students benefit from volunteer activities. 【详解】benefit from意为“从……中受益”，属于高频写作短语。 4.【答案】We should keep records of our learning progress. 【详解】keep records of意为“记录……”，在学习、实验和调查类写作中常用。 UNIT 3 第一部分：单词复习 1. 单词变形 1. press v．按 → pressure n．压力；压强；强制 2. capable adj．有能力的 → capability n．能力 3. desire n．渴望；欲望 → desirable adj．值得拥有的；可取的 4. significant adj．重要的；影响深远的 → significance n．重要性；意义 5. injure v．使受伤；弄伤 → injury n．伤；损害 6. accurate adj．精确的 → accurately adv．精确地 7. minor adj．小的；次要的 → minority n．少数 8. origin n．起源；起因 → original adj．最初的；原始的 9. mental adj．精神的；精神健康的 → mentally adv．精神上；智力上 10. declaration n．声明；宣告 → declare v．宣布 11. scientific adj．科学（上）的 → science n．科学 12. entirely adv．完全地；彻底地 → entire adj．全部的；整个的 13. proof n．证明；证据 → prove v．证明 2.语法填空 1. Many students are under great __________ before important examinations. (press) 2. She is highly __________ of solving difficult problems on her own. (capability) 3. His strong __________ to succeed helped him overcome many difficulties. (desirable) 4. Education plays a __________ role in personal development. (significance) 5. Fortunately, he suffered only a minor __________ in the accident. (injure) 6. The machine can measure temperature very __________. (accurate) 7. A small __________ of students disagreed with the decision. (minor) 8. We need to discover the __________ of the problem before solving it. (original) 9. Physical health is closely connected with __________ health. (mentally) 10. Scientists continue to make important __________ about the universe. (declare) 【答案】 1.【答案】pressure 【详解】句意：许多学生在重要考试前承受着巨大压力。under pressure意为“处于压力之下”。故填pressure。 2.【答案】capable 【详解】句意：她非常有能力独立解决难题。be capable of意为“有能力做某事”。故填capable。 3.【答案】desire 【详解】句意：他强烈的成功欲望帮助他克服了许多困难。空前有形容词strong，应用名词desire。故填desire。 4.【答案】significant 【详解】句意：教育在个人成长中发挥着重要作用。空处修饰名词role，应用形容词significant。故填significant。 5.【答案】injury 【详解】句意：幸运的是，他在事故中只受了轻伤。空前有a minor，应用名词injury。故填injury。 6.【答案】accurately 【详解】句意：这台机器能够非常精确地测量温度。空处修饰动词measure，应用副词accurately。故填accurately。 7.【答案】minority 【详解】句意：少数学生不同意这个决定。a minority of意为“少数……”。故填minority。 8.【答案】origin 【详解】句意：解决问题前我们需要找到问题的根源。origin意为“起源；根源”。故填origin。 9.【答案】mental 【详解】句意：身体健康与心理健康密切相关。空处修饰health，应用形容词mental。故填mental。 10.【答案】declarations 【详解】句意：科学家不断发表关于宇宙的重要声明。declaration意为“声明”，根据句意用复数。故填declarations。 核心单词拼写（单词中译英） 1.单词拼写 1. 2. 压力；压强 n. __________ 3. 有能力的 adj. __________ 4. 渴望；欲望 n. __________ 5. 重要的；影响深远的 adj. __________ 6. 使受伤；弄伤 v. __________ 7. 精确的 adj. __________ 8. 小的；次要的 adj. __________ 9. 起源；起因 n. __________ 10. 精神的；精神健康的 adj. __________ 11. 声明；宣告 n. __________ 12. 科学（上）的 adj. __________ 13. 完全地；彻底地 adv. __________ 14. 证明；证据 n. __________ 15. 科学 n. __________ 16. 证明 v. __________ 【答案】1.pressure 2.capable 3.desire 4.significant 5.injure 6.accurate 7.minor 8.origin 9.mental 10.declaration 11.scientific 12.entirely 13.proof 14.science 15.prove 2.同义替换（将划线单词用更高级的词汇替换） 1. Regular exercise is very important for our health.（可将important替换为__________） 2. He has the ability to complete the task independently.（可将ability替换为__________） 3. She has a strong wish to become a doctor.（可将wish替换为__________） 4. The accident caused a serious hurt to his leg.（可将hurt替换为__________） 5. Scientists are trying to show that the theory is correct.（可将show替换为__________） 1.【答案】significant 【详解】important可用更高级表达significant替换，表示“重要的；有重大意义的”。 2.【答案】capability 【详解】ability与capability意思相近，capability更正式。故填capability。 3.【答案】desire 【详解】wish可用书面表达desire替换。故填desire。 4.【答案】injury 【详解】hurt作名词时可用injury替换，表示“伤害；损伤”。故填injury。 5.【答案】prove 【详解】prove意为“证明”，比show更正式。故填prove。 阅读单词认知（单词英译中）+段落盲测 1.单词释义 1. 2. athlete n. __________________ 3. champion n. __________________ 4. experiment n. __________________ 5. invention n. __________________ 6. technology n. __________________ 7. researcher n. __________________ 8. achievement n. __________________ 9. discovery n. __________________ 10. 【答案】1.运动员 2.冠军 3.实验 4.发明 5.科技；技术 6.研究人员 7.成就 8.发现 2.段落盲测（熟词生义+长难句翻译） 通读下列短文。 在阅读过程中，请将加粗并带有编号的阅读词汇在本文中的具体中文意思写在下方表格中；并将划线句子翻译成中文。 Success is not achieved overnight. Many great scientists and athletes have overcome numerous difficulties before reaching their goals. A young scientist spent years studying a rare disease. Despite facing great ①pressure, he never gave up. His strong ②desire to help patients motivated him to continue his research. After countless experiments, he finally discovered an effective treatment. What impressed people most was that the scientist, whose work had once been doubted by many experts, continued his research and eventually proved his theory correct. His discovery was of great ③significance to the medical community. It not only improved treatment methods but also reduced the suffering of many patients. His success became ④proof that determination and hard work can overcome difficulties. This achievement had a positive ⑤effect on future scientific research. 词汇 文中意思 ① pressure __________ ② desire __________ ③ significance __________ ④ proof __________ ⑤ effect __________ 划线句翻译： _________________________________________________________________________________________. 【答案】 词汇 文中意思 ① pressure 压力 ② desire 渴望 ③ significance 重要性；意义 ④ proof 证据；证明 ⑤ effect 影响；效果 长难句分析 【详解】 What impressed people most 为What引导的主语从句； that the scientist...proved...为表语从句； whose work had once been doubted by many experts为定语从句； prove sth. correct意为“证明某事正确”。 因此全句译为：“最让人们印象深刻的是，这位科学家虽然曾遭到许多专家的质疑，但仍然坚持研究，并最终证明了自己的理论是正确的。” 第二部分：高频短语复习 1.词组背诵 1. 2. in addition 除此之外；另外 3. never say never 别轻易说决不 4. instead of 代替；而不是 5. in terms of 在……方面；就……而言 6. be capable of 有能力做…… 7. work as 担任；从事 8. lead to 导致 9. beyond recognition 难以辨认 10. be named after 根据……命名 11. apart from 除了……之外（还） 2.短语填空（根据句意，参考上述词组填写，强化记忆） 1. Regular exercise can improve both physical and mental health. __________, it helps reduce stress. 2. She chose to walk to school __________ taking the bus. 3. This university is highly respected __________ scientific research. 4. With enough practice, everyone can __________ completing the task successfully. 5. The park was __________ a famous scientist who made great contributions to the country. 1.【答案】In addition 【详解】句意：经常锻炼能够改善身心健康。此外，它还能减轻压力。in addition意为“此外”。故填In addition。 2.【答案】instead of 【详解】句意：她选择步行上学而不是乘公交车。instead of意为“代替；而不是”。故填instead of。 3.【答案】in terms of 【详解】句意：这所大学在科研方面享有很高声誉。in terms of意为“在……方面”。故填in terms of。 4.【答案】be capable of 【详解】句意：只要有足够练习，每个人都有能力完成任务。be capable of意为“有能力做……”。故填be capable of。 5.【答案】named after 【详解】句意：这座公园是以一位著名科学家的名字命名的。be named after意为“根据……命名”。故填named after。 3. 微完型 Success depends on many factors. Hard work, confidence and determination are all important. __________ these qualities, a person can achieve great things. Many successful people remind us to __________ because difficulties are often temporary. Some athletes choose to train harder __________ giving up when facing setbacks. Their efforts often __________ outstanding achievements. In modern society, technology plays an important role __________ communication and education. Many schools are also __________ famous scientists to encourage students to pursue their dreams. 1. A. In addition B. Apart from C. Instead of D. Beyond recognition 2. A. be capable of B. work as C. never say never D. lead to 3. A. apart from B. in terms of C. instead of D. in addition 4. A. lead to B. work as C. be named after D. be capable of 5. A. beyond recognition B. in terms of C. never say never D. instead of 6. A. named after B. led to C. worked as D. capable of 1.【答案】B 【详解】apart from意为“除了……之外（还）”。句意：除了这些品质之外，一个人还能取得伟大成就。故选B。 2.【答案】C 【详解】never say never意为“别轻易说决不；永不放弃”。符合成功主题语境。故选C。 3.【答案】C 【详解】instead of意为“而不是”。句意：运动员选择更加努力训练，而不是放弃。故选C。 4.【答案】A 【详解】lead to意为“导致；带来”。句意：他们的努力往往会带来杰出的成就。故选A。 5.【答案】B 【详解】in terms of意为“在……方面”。句意：科技在交流和教育方面发挥重要作用。故选B。 6.【答案】A 【详解】be named after意为“以……命名”。句意：许多学校以著名科学家的名字命名。故选A。 4. 句型进阶 请利用本单元所学语块，翻译并升级下列句子。 1. 除了努力学习之外，我们还要保持身心健康。（提示词：apart from） 基础版：We should study hard and keep healthy. 升级版： ___________________________________________________________________________________________. 2. 她有能力独自完成这项任务。（提示词：be capable of） 基础版：She can finish the task by herself. 升级版： ____________________________________________________________________________________________. 3. 科技的发展导致了生活方式的改变。（提示词：lead to） 基础版：The development of technology changed our way of life. 升级版： ____________________________________________________________________________________________. 4. 谈到学习方法，每个人都有不同的选择。（提示词：in terms of） 基础版：Everyone has different choices about study methods. 升级版： ____________________________________________________________________________________________. 1.【答案】Apart from studying hard, we should also keep physically and mentally healthy. 【详解】apart from意为“除了……之外（还）”，常用于补充说明。 2.【答案】She is capable of completing the task on her own. 【详解】be capable of意为“有能力做……”，是能力表达的高级句型。 3.【答案】The development of technology has led to changes in our way of life. 【详解】lead to意为“导致；引起”，是议论文和说明文常用表达。 4.【答案】In terms of learning methods, everyone has different choices. 【详解】in terms of意为“在……方面；就……而言”，属于高考写作高频短语。 UNIT 4 第一部分：单词复习 1.单词变形 1. greet v．问候；迎接；招呼 → greeting n．招呼；问候 2. exhibition n．展出；展览 → exhibit v．展出；展览 3. vividly adv．生动地 → vivid adj．生动的 4. elegant adj．高雅的；优美的 → elegance n．优雅 5. stimulate v．刺激；促进 → stimulation n．刺激 6. bare v．使暴露；露出 adj．裸露的；空的 → barely adv．仅仅；几乎不 7. frequent adj．频繁的 → frequently adv．频繁地 8. mostly adv．大部分；主要地 → most pron．大多数 adv．最；极其 2.语法填空 1. Visitors received a warm __________ when entering the museum. (greet) 2. The paintings were carefully __________ in the art gallery. (exhibition) 3. The writer __________ described the beautiful scenery. (vivid) 4. She moved across the stage with great __________. (elegant) 5. The teacher's words provided strong __________ for students to continue learning. (stimulate) 6. The trees were __________ visible in the heavy fog. (bare) 7. He __________ visits museums and art galleries on weekends. (frequent) 8. The audience was __________ made up of university students. (most) 9. The museum is holding an art __________ this month. (exhibit) 10. The novel gives a __________ description of life in ancient China. (vividly) 【答案】 1.【答案】greeting 【详解】句意：参观者进入博物馆时受到了热情的欢迎。空前有a warm，应用名词greeting。故填greeting。 2.【答案】exhibited 【详解】句意：这些画作被精心展出在美术馆中。根据句意应用过去分词exhibited。故填exhibited。 3.【答案】vividly 【详解】句意：作者生动地描写了美丽的景色。空处修饰动词described，应用副词vividly。故填vividly。 4.【答案】elegance 【详解】句意：她优雅地穿过舞台。with elegance意为“优雅地”。故填elegance。 5.【答案】stimulation 【详解】句意：老师的话给学生继续学习带来了极大的激励。空前有strong，应用名词stimulation。故填stimulation。 6.【答案】barely 【详解】句意：浓雾中几乎看不见树木。barely意为“几乎不”。故填barely。 7.【答案】frequently 【详解】句意：他经常在周末参观博物馆和艺术馆。空处修饰动词visits，应用副词frequently。故填frequently。 8.【答案】mostly 【详解】句意：观众大部分是大学生。mostly意为“大部分；主要地”。故填mostly。 9.【答案】exhibition 【详解】句意：博物馆本月正在举办艺术展览。空前有an art，应用名词exhibition。故填exhibition。 10.【答案】vivid 【详解】句意：这部小说生动地描绘了中国古代生活。空处修饰description，应用形容词vivid。故填vivid。 核心单词拼写（单词中译英） 1.单词拼写 1. 2. 问候；迎接 v. __________ 3. 招呼；问候 n. __________ 4. 展览；展出 n. __________ 5. 展出；展览 v. __________ 6. 生动地 adv. __________ 7. 生动的 adj. __________ 8. 高雅的；优美的 adj. __________ 9. 优雅 n. __________ 10. 刺激；促进 v. __________ 11. 刺激 n. __________ 12. 使暴露；露出 v. __________ 13. 几乎不 adv. __________ 14. 频繁的 adj. __________ 15. 频繁地 adv. __________ 16. 主要地；大部分 adv. __________ 17. 【答案】1.greet 2.greeting 3.exhibition 4.exhibit 5.vividly 6.vivid 7.elegant 8.elegance 9.stimulate 10.stimulation 11.bare 12.barely 13.frequent 14.frequently 15.mostly 2.同义替换 1. The speaker welcomed all the guests warmly.（可将welcomed替换为__________） 2. The artist gave a very lively description of the scene.（可将lively替换为__________） 3. The beautiful dancer moved in a very graceful way.（可将graceful替换为__________） 4. The teacher's praise encouraged students to work harder.（可将encouraged替换为__________） 5. He often visits art museums during holidays.（可将often替换为__________） 1.【答案】greeted 【详解】welcome可用greet替换，表示“欢迎；迎接”。故填greeted。 2.【答案】vivid 【详解】lively与vivid都可表示“生动的”。故填vivid。 3.【答案】elegant 【详解】graceful可用elegant替换，表示“优雅的”。故填elegant。 4.【答案】stimulated 【详解】encourage可用stimulate替换，表示“激励；促进”。故填stimulated。 5.【答案】frequently 【详解】often可用frequently替换，使表达更正式。故填frequently。 阅读单词认知（单词英译中）+段落盲测 1.单词释义 1. 2. sculpture n. __________________ 3. portrait n. __________________ 4. masterpiece n. __________________ 5. gallery n. __________________ 6. artist n. __________________ 7. architecture n. __________________ 8. artwork n. __________________ 9. audience n. __________________ 【答案】1.雕塑 2.肖像画 3.杰作 4.美术馆；画廊 5.艺术家 6.建筑艺术 7.艺术作品 8.观众 2. 段落盲测（熟词生义+长难句翻译） 通读下列短文。 在阅读过程中，请将加粗并带有编号的阅读词汇在本文中的具体中文意思写在下方表格中；并将划线句子翻译成中文。 Art has the power to inspire people and help them understand the world in different ways. Every year, millions of visitors attend exhibitions to appreciate famous artworks. Last weekend, I visited a museum that was holding a special art exhibition. The paintings immediately ①caught my attention because of their bright colours and creative designs. One artist used simple objects to create a work in the ②shape of a bird, which impressed many visitors. What amazed me most was that the artist, whose works had once been considered unusual, was able to express deep emotions through the simplest materials. The exhibition left a strong ③impression on me. I was especially interested in how the artist could ④stimulate people's imagination through ordinary objects. His work received high praise and became one of the most popular ⑤exhibits in the museum. 词汇 文中意思 ① caught ______ ② shape ______ ③ impression ______ ④ stimulate ______ ⑤ exhibits ______ 划线句翻译： _________________________________________________________________________________________. 【答案】 词汇 文中意思 ① caught 吸引 ② shape 形状 ③ impression 印象 ④ stimulate 激发 ⑤ exhibits 展品 划线句翻译： 最让我惊讶的是，这位艺术家虽然曾被认为作品与众不同，却能够通过最简单的材料表达深刻的情感。 【详解】 本句为主系表结构。What amazed me most 为What引导的主语从句，意为“最让我惊讶的事情”；that the artist...was able to express...为表语从句；whose works had once been considered unusual 为非限制性定语从句，修饰the artist; be considered unusual意为“被认为不同寻常”; be able to express deep emotions意为“能够表达深刻的情感”；through the simplest materials意为“通过最简单的材料”。因此全句可译为：“最让我惊讶的是，这位艺术家虽然曾被认为作品与众不同，却能够通过最简单的材料表达深刻的情感。” 第二部分：高频短语复习 1. 词组背诵 1. 2. make an impression on... 给……留下印象 3. get a load of... 注意；仔细看 4. hold up 举起 5. look into 往里看；调查 6. reach out to 把手伸向；接触 7. be fond of... 喜欢…… 8. catch one's attention 吸引某人的注意力 9. in the shape of... 呈……的形状 10. throw away 扔掉 11. mistake...for... 把……错当成…… 12. lie in 在于……；位于…… 13. sing high praises for... 高度赞扬…… 2. 短语填空（根据句意，参考上述词组填写，强化记忆） 1. The beautiful painting immediately __________ all the visitors. 2. The success of the project __________ teamwork and mutual trust. 3. Please don't __________ recyclable materials. 4. The little girl made a cake __________ a flower. 5. Many art critics __________ the young artist's creative works. 1.【答案】caught the attention of 【详解】句意：这幅美丽的画立刻吸引了所有参观者的注意。catch one's attention意为“吸引某人的注意力”。故填caught the attention of。 2.【答案】lies in 【详解】句意：这个项目的成功在于团队合作和相互信任。lie in意为“在于”。故填lies in。 3.【答案】throw away 【详解】句意：请不要扔掉可回收材料。throw away意为“扔掉”。故填throw away。 4.【答案】in the shape of 【详解】句意：小女孩做了一个花朵形状的蛋糕。in the shape of意为“呈……形状”。故填in the shape of。 5.【答案】sang high praises for 【详解】句意：许多艺术评论家高度赞扬了这位年轻艺术家的作品。sing high praises for意为“高度赞扬”。故填sang high praises for。 3.微完型 Last weekend, I visited an art exhibition. As soon as I entered the gallery, a huge painting __________. It was a bird __________ a rising sun. The guide asked us to __________ the details carefully and explained the meaning behind the artwork. Many visitors __________ the artist because of his creativity. During the visit, the guide also encouraged young people to __________ art and explore their imagination. 1. A. held up B. caught my attention C. looked into D. threw away 2. A. mistaken for B. lying in C. in the shape of D. fond of 3. A. get a load of B. throw away C. hold up D. mistake 4. A. sang high praises for B. reached out to C. looked into D. held up 5. A. be fond of B. lie in C. catch attention D. throw away 1.【答案】B 【详解】句意：刚进入画廊，一幅巨大的画就吸引了我的注意。catch one's attention意为“吸引注意力”。故选B。 2.【答案】C 【详解】句意：那是一只呈旭日形状的鸟。in the shape of意为“呈……形状”。故选C。 3.【答案】A 【详解】句意：导游让我们仔细看看画中的细节。get a load of意为“仔细看；注意”。故选A。 4.【答案】A 【详解】句意：许多游客高度赞扬这位艺术家。sing high praises for意为“高度赞扬”。故选A。 5.【答案】A 【详解】句意：导游鼓励年轻人热爱艺术。be fond of意为“喜欢……”。故选A。 4. 句型进阶 请利用本单元所学语块，翻译并升级下列句子。 1. 这幅画给我留下了深刻印象。（提示词：make an impression on） 基础版：This painting impressed me a lot. 升级版： __________________________________________________________________________________________. 2. 这件艺术品吸引了所有参观者的注意力。（提示词：catch one's attention） 基础版：This artwork attracted all the visitors. 升级版： _________________________________________________________________________________________. 3. 这座建筑呈莲花的形状。（提示词：in the shape of） 基础版：This building looks like a lotus flower. 升级版： _________________________________________________________________________________________. 4. 许多人高度赞扬了这位艺术家的作品。（提示词：sing high praises for） 基础版：Many people highly praised the artist's works. 升级版： _________________________________________________________________________________________. 1.【答案】This painting made a deep impression on me. 【详解】make an impression on意为“给……留下印象”，是描写艺术作品常用表达。 2.【答案】This artwork caught the attention of all the visitors. 【详解】catch one's attention意为“吸引某人的注意力”，比attract更符合教材短语运用。 3.【答案】This building is in the shape of a lotus flower. 【详解】in the shape of意为“呈……的形状”，是介绍艺术作品和建筑时的高频表达。 4.【答案】Many people sang high praises for the artist's works. 【详解】sing high praises for意为“高度赞扬”，常用于评价人物或作品。 UNIT 5 第一部分：单词复习 1. 单词变形 1．initial adj.开始的，最初的→initially adv.最初 2．crowd n．人群→crowded adj.拥挤的 3．failure n．失败→fail v．失败 4．thrill n．惊险，刺激v．使兴奋→thrilled adj.非常兴奋的→thrilling adj.令人激动的 5．unaware adj.未觉察到的，未意识到的→aware adj.意识到的；明白的 6．wool n．羊毛，毛织物→woolen(＝woollen) adj.羊毛的 7．bleeding n．流血，失血→bleed v．流血→blood n．血 8．injury n．损伤；伤害→injure vt.伤害→injured adj.受伤的 9．permit v．允许，准许，许可→permission n．允许，许可 10．fascinated adj.被迷住的，被吸引住的→fascinate v．深深吸引；迷住 11．relate v．相联系，有关联；讲述→related adj.有关的 12．astonish v．使吃惊，使惊讶→astonished adj.惊讶的→astonishing adj.令人惊讶的→astonishment n．吃惊，惊讶 13．consume v．消耗→consumption n．消费；消耗 14．gradually adv.逐渐地，逐步地→gradual adj.逐渐的 15．surround v．环绕，围绕→surrounding adj.周围的 16．wrinkled adj.有皱褶的→wrinkle n．皱纹v．皱起 17．depth n．深，深度→deep adj.深的adv.在深处，至深处 2.语法填空 1. We were excited from the __________ moment we arrived at the camp. (initial) 2. The streets became extremely __________ during the festival. (crowd) 3. His repeated __________ taught him the value of persistence. (fail) 4. The roller coaster ride was absolutely __________. (thrill) 5. She seemed completely __________ of the danger around her. (aware) 6. The hunter noticed a trail of __________ on the ground. (bleed) 7. Several passengers were seriously __________ in the accident. (injure) 8. Visitors are not allowed to enter the area without __________. (permit) 9. I was completely __________ by the beauty of the mountains. (fascinate) 10. To our great __________, nobody was hurt in the explosion. (astonish) 11. The country's energy __________ has increased rapidly in recent years. (consume) 12. The weather changed __________ as we climbed higher. (gradual) 13. The village is surrounded by beautiful __________ scenery. (surround) 14. The lake is known for its great __________. (deep) 15. The two events are closely __________ to each other. (relate) 【答案】 1.【答案】initial 【详解】句意：从到达营地的最初时刻起，我们就很兴奋。应用形容词initial修饰moment。 2.【答案】crowded 【详解】句意：节日期间街道变得十分拥挤。应用形容词crowded作表语。 3.【答案】failures 【详解】句意：他一次次的失败教会了他坚持的重要性。应用名词failure，根据句意用复数。 4.【答案】thrilling 【详解】句意：过山车之旅非常刺激。表示事物令人兴奋，应用thrilling。 5.【答案】unaware 【详解】句意：她似乎完全没有意识到周围的危险。be unaware of意为“没有意识到”。 6.【答案】bleeding 【详解】句意：猎人注意到地上的血迹。bleeding在此表示“流血”。 7.【答案】injured 【详解】句意：几位乘客在事故中严重受伤。应用injured。 8.【答案】permission 【详解】句意：未经许可，游客不得进入该区域。without permission为固定搭配。 9.【答案】fascinated 【详解】句意：我被群山的美景深深吸引。be fascinated by意为“被……吸引”。 10.【答案】astonishment 【详解】句意：令我们惊讶的是，没有人在爆炸中受伤。to one's astonishment为固定搭配。 11.【答案】consumption 【详解】句意：近年来该国能源消耗增长迅速。应用名词consumption。 12.【答案】gradually 【详解】句意：随着我们爬得越来越高，天气逐渐发生变化。应用副词gradually。 13.【答案】surrounding 【详解】句意：这个村庄被美丽的周边景色包围。应用形容词surrounding。 14.【答案】depth 【详解】句意：这个湖以其深度闻名。应用名词depth。 15.【答案】related 【详解】句意：这两件事彼此密切相关。be related to意为“与……有关”。 核心单词拼写（单词中译英） 1.单词拼写 1. 最初的；开始的 adj. __________ 2. 人群 n. __________ 3. 失败 n. __________ 4. 刺激；兴奋 n. __________ 5. 未意识到的 adj. __________ 6. 羊毛 n. __________ 7. 流血；失血 n. __________ 8. 损伤；伤害 n. __________ 9. 允许；许可 v. __________ 10. 着迷的 adj. __________ 11. 联系；关联 v. __________ 12. 使惊讶 v. __________ 13. 消耗 v. __________ 14. 逐渐地 adv. __________ 15. 环绕；围绕 v. __________ 16. 有皱纹的 adj. __________ 17. 深度 n. __________ 【答案】1.initial 2.crowd 3.failure 4.thrill 5.unaware 6.wool 7.bleeding 8.injury 9.permit 10.fascinated 11.relate 12.astonish 13.consume 14.gradually 15.surround 16.wrinkled 17.depth 2. 同义替换（将划线单词用更高级的词汇替换） 1. The mountain view completely attracted me.（可将attracted替换为__________） 2. To our great surprise, he finished the task alone.（可将surprise替换为__________） 3. The two issues are closely connected.（可将connected替换为__________） 4. The river becomes much deeper near the waterfall.（可将deeper替换为__________） 5. Energy use has increased rapidly in recent years.（可将use替换为__________） 1.【答案】fascinated 【详解】be fascinated by意为“被……深深吸引”。 2.【答案】astonishment 【详解】to one's astonishment意为“令某人惊讶的是”。 3.【答案】related 【详解】be related to意为“与……有关”。 4.【答案】depth 【详解】depth表示“深度”，是deep的名词形式。 5.【答案】consumption 【详解】consumption意为“消耗；消费”，属于书面表达常考词。 阅读单词认知（单词英译中）+段落盲测 1. 单词释义 1. 2. glacier n. __________________ 3. canyon n. __________________ 4. expedition n. __________________ 5. landscape n. __________________ 6. explorer n. __________________ 7. waterfall n. __________________ 8. valley n. __________________ 9. destination n. __________________ 【答案】1.冰川 2.峡谷 3.探险；远征 4.风景；景观 5.探险家 6.瀑布 7.山谷 8.目的地 2. 段落盲测 通读下列短文。 在阅读过程中，请将加粗并带有编号的阅读词汇在本文中的具体中文意思写在下方表格中；并将划线句子翻译成中文。 Travelling is one of the best ways to explore the world and learn about different cultures. During a journey, people often experience unexpected challenges as well as unforgettable moments. Last summer, I joined an expedition to a remote mountain area. At the ①initial stage of the trip, everything seemed easy. However, as we climbed higher, the weather changed dramatically and the path became more difficult. Many members of the group were ②unaware of the dangers hidden in the mountains. What impressed us most was that the guide, who had explored the area for more than twenty years, remained completely calm even when the situation became extremely dangerous. After several days of hard work, we finally reached the top. The breathtaking scenery left us ③fascinated. To our great ④astonishment, we even saw a rare animal near the mountain lake. Looking at the vast landscape around us, we suddenly realized the true ⑤depth of nature's beauty. 词汇 文中意思 ① initial ______ ② unaware ______ ③ fascinated ______ ④ astonishment ______ ⑤ depth ______ 划线句翻译： _________________________________________________________________________________________. 【答案】 词汇 文中意思 ① initial 最初的 ② unaware 未意识到的 ③ fascinated 被深深吸引的 ④ astonishment 惊讶 ⑤ depth 深度；深刻程度 划线句翻译： 最让我们印象深刻的是，这位已经在该地区探险二十多年的向导，即使在情况变得极其危险时，依然保持着完全的冷静。 【详解】 本句为主系表结构。What impressed us most 为What引导的主语从句，意为“最让我们印象深刻的事情”； that the guide remained completely calm... 为表语从句；who had explored the area for more than twenty years 为非限制性定语从句，修饰the guide；even when the situation became extremely dangerous 为让步状语从句； remain calm意为“保持冷静”。因此全句可译为：“最让我们印象深刻的是，这位已经在该地区探险二十多年的向导，即使在情况变得极其危险时，依然保持着完全的冷静。” 第二部分：高频短语复习 1. 词组背诵 1. 2. bring...into focus使……成为焦点 3. in search of寻找 4. by the end of到……末为止 5. focus on集中注意力于…… 6. figure out弄明白；计算 7. result in导致 8. refer to...as...把……称作…… 9. take risks/a risk冒险 10. up to由……决定 11. along with和……一起 12. in charge主管；掌管 13. look back upon回顾 14. in broad daylight在大白天 2. 短语填空（根据句意，参考上述词组填写，强化记忆） 1. Scientists are still __________ the cause of the mysterious phenomenon. 2. We should __________ our goals instead of worrying about the past. 3. Careless driving may __________ serious accidents. 4. The final decision is __________ the manager. 5. When I __________ my childhood, I always remember those happy days. 1.【答案】in search of 【详解】句意：科学家仍在寻找这一神秘现象的原因。in search of意为“寻找”。故填in search of。 2.【答案】focus on 【详解】句意：我们应该把注意力集中在目标上，而不是担忧过去。focus on意为“集中注意力于”。故填focus on。 3.【答案】result in 【详解】句意：粗心驾驶可能导致严重事故。result in意为“导致”。故填result in。 4.【答案】up to 【详解】句意：最终决定由经理决定。be up to sb.意为“由某人决定”。故填up to。 5.【答案】look back upon 【详解】句意：当我回顾童年时，总会想起那些快乐的日子。look back upon意为“回顾”。故填look back upon。3. 微完型 Many explorers devoted their lives to discovering unknown places. They travelled across mountains, deserts and oceans __________ new destinations. Success often depended on their ability to __________ difficult situations and make wise decisions. Some explorers were willing to __________ in order to achieve their goals. Their discoveries helped __________ many natural wonders and mysteries. Even today, scientists continue to study these achievements and __________ the explorers as pioneers of human exploration. 1. A. in charge of B. in search of C. in broad daylight D. up to 2. A. figure out B. focus on C. look back upon D. bring into focus 3. A. take risks B. focus on C. result in D. refer to 4. A. result in B. refer to C. bring into focus D. look back upon 5. A. refer to B. focus on C. take risks D. figure out 1.【答案】B 【详解】in search of意为“寻找”。句意：他们穿越高山、沙漠和海洋寻找新的目的地。故选B。 2.【答案】A 【详解】figure out意为“弄明白；解决”。符合探险过程中解决困难的语境。故选A。 3.【答案】A 【详解】take risks意为“冒险”。符合探险家的经历。故选A。 4.【答案】C 【详解】bring...into focus意为“使……成为焦点；使清晰”。句意：他们的发现让许多自然奇观进入人们的视野。故选C。 5.【答案】A 【详解】refer to...as...意为“把……称作……”。句意：科学家们把这些探险家称为人类探索事业的先驱。故选A。 4. 句型进阶 请利用本单元所学语块，翻译并升级下列句子。 1. 我们应该把注意力集中在自己的目标上。（提示词：focus on） 基础版：We should pay attention to our goals. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 2. 这个决定由你自己决定。（提示词：up to） 基础版：You can decide this by yourself. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 3. 他的粗心导致了这次失败。（提示词：result in） 基础版：His carelessness caused the failure. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 4. 许多科学家正在寻找解决这个问题的方法。（提示词：in search of） 基础版：Many scientists are looking for ways to solve the problem. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 1.【答案】We should focus on our goals. 【详解】focus on意为“集中注意力于”，是写作中常用高级表达。 2.【答案】It is up to you to make the decision. 【详解】be up to sb.意为“由某人决定”，属于高频句型。 3.【答案】His carelessness resulted in the failure. 【详解】result in意为“导致”，比cause更符合书面表达。 4.【答案】Many scientists are in search of ways to solve the problem. 【详解】in search of意为“寻找”，常用于阅读和写作高级表达。 UNIT 6 第一部分：单词复习 1.单词变形 1．erupt v．(火山)爆发，喷发→eruption n．爆发 2．immediately adv.即刻，马上→immediate adj.立刻的 3．occur v．发生→occurrence n．发生 4．announcement n．通告，公告→announce v．宣告 5．reliable adj.可信赖的，可靠的→rely v．依靠 6．emergency n．紧急情况，不测事件→emergent adj.紧急的；突发的 7．exceptionally adv.极其，非常→exceptional adj.杰出的，卓越的；特别的 8．threaten v．威胁到，危及→threat n．威胁；可能带来威胁的人(事) 9．precisely adv.精确地，准确地→precise adj.精确的，准确的 10．sufficient adj.足够的，充足的→sufficiently adv.足够地，充足地 2. 语法填空 1. The volcano suddenly __________, forcing people to leave the area. (erupt) 2. Rescue workers arrived __________ after receiving the emergency call. (immediate) 3. Scientists are studying the __________ of earthquakes in this region. (occur) 4. The school made an important __________ about tomorrow's activities. (announce) 5. We need a __________ source of information during emergencies. (rely) 6. Food and water should be prepared for any __________. (emergent) 7. She showed __________ talent in solving difficult problems. (exception) 8. Climate change continues to __________ many animal species. (threat) 9. The engineer measured the distance __________. (precise) 10. We have __________ food and water for the journey. (sufficient) 1.【答案】erupted 【详解】句意：火山突然喷发，迫使人们离开该地区。根据句意应用过去式erupted。 2.【答案】immediately 【详解】句意：救援人员接到紧急电话后立刻赶到。应用副词immediately修饰arrived。 3.【答案】occurrence 【详解】句意：科学家正在研究该地区地震发生的规律。应用名词occurrence。 4.【答案】announcement 【详解】句意：学校发布了一则关于明天活动的重要通知。应用名词announcement。 5.【答案】reliable 【详解】句意：紧急情况下我们需要可靠的信息来源。应用形容词reliable。 6.【答案】emergency 【详解】句意：我们应该为任何紧急情况准备食物和饮用水。应用名词emergency。 7.【答案】exceptional 【详解】句意：她在解决难题方面展现出非凡的才能。应用形容词exceptional。 8.【答案】threaten 【详解】句意：气候变化持续威胁着许多动物物种。应用动词threaten。 9.【答案】precisely 【详解】句意：工程师精确地测量了距离。应用副词precisely。 10.【答案】sufficient 【详解】句意：我们为旅程准备了充足的食物和水。应用形容词sufficient。 核心单词拼写（单词中译英） 1.单词拼写 18. 1. （火山）爆发；喷发 v. __________ 2. 爆发；喷发 n. __________ 3. 立即；马上 adv. __________ 4. 发生 v. __________ 5. 公告；通告 n. __________ 6. 宣布；宣告 v. __________ 7. 可靠的；可信赖的 adj. __________ 8. 紧急情况 n. __________ 9. 极其；非常 adv. __________ 10. 威胁；危及 v. __________ 11. 威胁 n. __________ 12. 精确地；准确地 adv. __________ 13. 精确的；准确的 adj. __________ 14. 足够的；充足的 adj. __________ 15. 足够地；充足地 adv. __________ 【答案】1.erupt 2.eruption 3.immediately 4.occur 5.announcement 6.announce 7.reliable 8.emergency 9.exceptionally 10.threaten 11.threat 12.precisely 13.precise 14.sufficient 15.sufficiently 2. 同义替换（将划线单词用更高级的词汇替换） 1. The accident happened late at night.（可将happened替换为__________） 2. The weather warning was announced this morning.（可将announced替换为__________） 3. We need a trustworthy friend in difficult times.（可将trustworthy替换为__________） 4. The lack of clean water endangers local people.（可将endangers替换为__________） 5. The scientist measured the result exactly.（可将exactly替换为__________） 1.【答案】occurred 【详解】occur可替换happen，表示“发生”。 2.【答案】announced 【详解】announce意为“宣布；公布”。 3.【答案】reliable 【详解】reliable意为“可靠的；可信赖的”。 4.【答案】threatens 【详解】threaten意为“威胁；危及”。 5.【答案】precisely 【详解】precisely比exactly更正式，常用于书面表达。 阅读单词认知（单词英译中）+段落盲测 1. 单词释义 1. 2. tsunami n. __________________ 3. hurricane n. __________________ 4. shelter n. __________________ 5. disaster n. __________________ 6. rescue n. & v. __________________ 7. survivor n. __________________ 8. warning n. __________________ 9. evacuation n. __________________ 【答案】1.海啸 2.飓风 3.避难所；庇护处 4.灾难；灾害 5.救援；营救 6.幸存者 7.警告；警示 8.疏散；撤离 2. 段落盲测 通读下列短文。 在阅读过程中，请将加粗并带有编号的阅读词汇在本文中的具体中文意思写在下方表格中；并将划线句子翻译成中文。 Natural disasters can happen at any time, so it is important to stay calm and be prepared. Governments and rescue teams often work together to reduce the damage caused by earthquakes, floods and volcanic eruptions. Last month, a volcano suddenly ①erupted, forcing thousands of people to leave their homes. An ②emergency rescue plan was put into action immediately after the disaster occurred. Rescue workers worked day and night to help local people reach safe places. What encouraged everyone most was that the rescue team, which had travelled hundreds of kilometres overnight, arrived at the disaster area in time and successfully saved many lives. The government made an important ③announcement reminding people to stay away from dangerous areas. Scientists continued to monitor the volcano and ④precisely recorded every change. Thanks to their efforts, the potential ⑤threat to nearby towns was greatly reduced. 词汇 文中意思 ① erupted ______ ② emergency ______ ③ announcement ______ ④ precisely ______ ⑤ threat ______ 划线句翻译： _________________________________________________________________________________________. 【答案】 词汇 文中意思 ① erupted （火山）喷发 ② emergency 紧急情况 ③ announcement 公告；通告 ④ precisely 精确地 ⑤ threat 威胁 划线句翻译： 最鼓舞大家的是，这支连夜跋涉了数百公里的救援队及时赶到了灾区，并成功挽救了许多人的生命。 【详解】 本句为主系表结构。What encouraged everyone most 为What引导的主语从句，意为“最鼓舞大家的事情”；that the rescue team...saved many lives 为表语从句；which had travelled hundreds of kilometres overnight 为非限制性定语从句，修饰the rescue team；arrive at the disaster area in time 意为“及时到达灾区”；save many lives 意为“挽救许多人的生命”。 因此全句可译为：“最鼓舞大家的是，这支连夜跋涉了数百公里的救援队及时赶到了灾区，并成功挽救了许多人的生命。” 第二部分：高频短语复习 1. 词组背诵 1. have yet to 还没有 2. make it to 到达…… 3. look through 浏览 4. what's more 而且；此外 5. think about 考虑 6. fly off 飞走 7. all of a sudden 突然；猛地 8. in the open air 在户外 9. move on 继续前进 10. blow away 吹走 2. 短语填空（根据句意，参考上述词组填写，强化记忆） 1. We __________ finish the rescue work before night falls. 2. Please __________ the report carefully before the meeting begins. 3. __________, the weather suddenly changed and heavy rain began to fall. 4. The strong wind __________ several tents during the storm. 5. The rescue team finally __________ the village before sunset. 1.【答案】have yet to 【详解】句意：我们还没有在天黑前完成救援工作。have yet to do sth.意为“还没有做某事”。故填have yet to。 2.【答案】look through 【详解】句意：会议开始前请仔细浏览这份报告。look through意为“浏览；翻阅”。故填look through。 3.【答案】All of a sudden 【详解】句意：突然，天气发生了变化，下起了大雨。all of a sudden意为“突然”。故填All of a sudden。 4.【答案】blew away 【详解】句意：暴风雨把几顶帐篷吹走了。blow away意为“吹走”，结合句意应用过去式blew away。 5.【答案】made it to 【详解】句意：救援队终于在日落前赶到了村庄。make it to意为“成功到达”。结合句意应用过去式made it to。 3. 微完型 Last summer, my family planned to go camping in the mountains. We packed everything carefully and hoped to __________ the campsite before dark. However, __________, a strong storm arrived and the wind almost __________ our tent. We decided to stay in a nearby shelter instead of sleeping __________. After reading the weather report carefully and discussing the situation, we chose to __________ our trip the next morning because safety always comes first. 1. A. have yet to B. make it to C. move on D. think about 2. A. What's more B. In the open air C. All of a sudden D. Look through 3. A. flew off B. blew away C. looked through D. thought about 4. A. in the open air B. all of a sudden C. what's more D. have yet to 5. A. move on with B. fly off C. look through D. blow away 1.【答案】B 【详解】make it to意为“成功到达”。句意：我们希望天黑前赶到营地。故选B。 2.【答案】C 【详解】all of a sudden意为“突然”。符合暴风雨突然来临的语境。故选C。 3.【答案】B 【详解】blow away意为“吹走”。句意：大风几乎吹走了我们的帐篷。故选B。 4.【答案】A 【详解】in the open air意为“在户外”。符合露营语境。故选A。 5.【答案】A 【详解】move on意为“继续前进；继续进行”。这里表示“第二天继续旅行”。故选A。 4. 句型进阶 请利用本单元所学语块，翻译并升级下列句子。 1. 我们终于赶到了安全的地方。（提示词：make it to） 基础版：We finally arrived at a safe place. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 2. 突然，火山开始喷发。（提示词：all of a sudden） 基础版：The volcano suddenly erupted. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 3. 请先浏览一下这份通知。（提示词：look through） 基础版：Please read the notice first. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 4. 大风吹走了许多房屋的屋顶。（提示词：blow away） 基础版：The strong wind blew many roofs away. 升级版： _____________________________________________________________________________________. 1.【答案】We finally made it to a safe place. 【详解】make it to意为“成功到达”，比arrive at更符合教材短语表达。 2.【答案】All of a sudden, the volcano erupted. 【详解】all of a sudden意为“突然”，常用于描述事件的突然发生。 3.【答案】Please look through the notice first. 【详解】look through意为“浏览；翻阅”，比read更符合快速查看的语境。 4.【答案】The strong wind blew away the roofs of many houses. 【详解】blow away意为“吹走”，是描写自然灾害时的高频表达。 一、阅读理解 （2026·全国一卷·高考真题）In line with longstanding initiatives to expand its green spaces, New York City is planting tens of thousands of trees each year. They provide shade, lower surface temperatures, absorb a surprising amount of airborne carbon, remove tiny pollutants, and provide wildlife habitat along with just plain beauty. Something could go wrong, though, according to a new study. Oaks and sweetgums, which currently account for a majority of the city’s trees, produce huge amounts of a chemical substance called isoprene. Harmless by itself, isoprene interacts rapidly with polluting nitrogen oxides released by vehicles, buildings and industry to form ground-level ozone (臭氧) — a major factor in many breathing problems. The research, carried out by scientists at the Columbia Climate School and other institutions, found that if the city maintains past species patterns in new plantings, isoprene production in Manhattan in coming decades will go up by about 140%, and resulting summer ozone levels as much as 30%. “We’re all for planting more trees. They bring so many good things,” said study coauthor Róisín Commane. “But if we’re not careful, we could make air quality worse.” The Parks Department is not oblivious to the issue. A study carried out by some of its researchers several years ago concluded that city trees did release isoprene. “We didn’t make a big deal of that,” said Novem Auyeung, a Parks Department senior scientist. She said trees should not be viewed as the enemy. “We could plant any trees we want to, if we just rethink our car-centric lifestyle,” she said. “We’re not going to go cutting down any big old oaks,” and neither will the department completely stop planting new ones, said Auyeung. “You have to think about what you would lose if you do that.” Oaks are keystone species, she pointed out, providing food and habitat for native insects, birds and other animals. 1. What does the new study imply regarding oaks and sweetgums? A．They affect the growth of other trees. B．They absorb less carbon than expected. C．They harm people’s health indirectly. D．They raise the local temperature slowly. 2. Which of the following may Commane suggest based on their study? A．Cutting down the isoprene-producing trees. B．Suspending tree-planting for a few decades. C．Changing the species of trees in new plantings. D．Removing isoprene released by existing trees. 3. What does the underlined phrase “oblivious to” in paragraph 5 mean? A．Honest about. B．Unaware of. C．Related to. D．Optimistic about. 4. What would Auyeung probably advocate? A．Reducing car use in daily life. B．Providing animals with new habitats. C．Controlling population growth. D．Doing more research on the problem. 【解析】 【小题1】细节理解题。根据第二段“Oaks and sweetgums, which currently account for a majority of the city’s trees, produce huge amounts of a chemical substance called isoprene. Harmless by itself, isoprene interacts rapidly with polluting nitrogen oxides released by vehicles, buildings and industry to form ground-level ozone（臭氧）— a major factor in many breathing problems.”（橡树和枫香树目前占该市树木的大多数，它们会产生大量名为异戊二烯的化学物质。异戊二烯本身无害，但会迅速与车辆、建筑和工业排放的污染性氮氧化物发生反应，形成地面臭氧——这是许多呼吸问题的主要因素。）可知，橡树和枫香树释放的化学物质与污染物结合形成地面臭氧，而臭氧是引发多种呼吸疾病的主要因素，由此可知这类树木会间接危害人体健康。 【小题2】推理判断题。根据第三段“If the city maintains past species patterns in new plantings, isoprene production in Manhattan in coming decades will go up by about 140%, and resulting summer ozone levels as much as 30%.”（如果该市在新种植的植物中保持以往的物种分布模式，未来几十年曼哈顿的异戊二烯产量将增加约140%，由此导致的夏季臭氧水平将上升多达30%。）可知，Commane认为如果继续沿用以往的树种种植模式，未来异戊二烯和臭氧含量会大幅上升；再结合第四段Commane所说“But if we’re not careful, we could make air quality worse.”（如果我们不够谨慎，可能会使空气质量变得更差。）可推断，她会建议更新种植树木的品种。 【小题3】词句猜测题。根据划线短语后文“A study carried out by some of its researchers several years ago concluded that city trees did release isoprene.”（几年前，该局的一些研究人员进行的一项研究得出结论，城市树木确实会释放异戊二烯。）可知，公园部门并非没有意识到城市树木会释放异戊二烯这一问题。从而推断，画线短语“oblivious to”意为“未觉察、不注意”，与B项“Unaware of”意思一致。 【小题4】推理判断题。根据第五段Auyeung的话“We could plant any trees we want to, if we just rethink our car-centric lifestyle.”（只要我们反思以汽车为中心的生活方式，就可以随意种植树木。）可推断，她提倡在日常生活中减少汽车使用。 二、完形填空 （2025·全国一卷·高考真题）I grew up in a little town in northeast Ohio. The     1     of how little people knew about Ohio came quickly after I went to school in central Pennsylvania. Though I lived      2     three and a half hours away, most of my classmates thought of Ohio as a whole different world. “Do you have to fly home? Do you live on a farm?” The        3     were never-ending. I was a       4     in their eyes. As I grow older, I’m more and more       5     for my small town roots. Sure, my friends and I loved to       6     about how bored we were in the middle of nowhere;       7    , as I finish up my junior year of college, I’m convinced that it took       8     our small town to realize how much we actually loved it and what exactly we loved about it. The pace of life is slow and people       9     connecting to each other. You do more than just talk to your neighbors — in a lot of cases, they’re truly an     10     of your family. Much of this     11     centers around being outside and knowing the ins and outs of the town; being present and mindful of your     12     is a critical part of the culture. As I move through my college years, I     13     the visits to my little hometown. I am grateful for the     14     that I had growing up and know that wherever my next adventure takes me, I can     15     my small town roots to lead me in the right direction. 1. A．fantasy　 B．prejudice　 C．realization　 D．expectation 2. A．only　 B．indeed　 C．still　 D．even 3. A．tests　 B．questions　 C．games　 D．debates 4. A．success　 B．victim　 C．novelty　 D．problem 5. A．thankful　 B．hopeful　 C．suitable　 D．reliable 6. A．dream　 B．lie　 C．hear　 D．complain 7. A．therefore　 B．however　 C．instead　 D．otherwise 8. A．touring　 B．changing　 C．leaving　 D．protecting 9. A．value　 B．admit　 C．fear　 D．remember 10. A．advantage　 B．example　 C．honor　 D．extension 11. A．lifestyle　 B．landscape　 C．procedure　 D．personality 12. A．findings　 B．surroundings　 C．belongings　 D．greetings 13. A．give up　 B．put off　 C．face up to　 D．look forward to 14. A．confidence　 B．reputation　 C．experience　 D．opportunity 15. A．inspire　 B．trust　 C．remind　 D．challenge 【解析】 【小题1】考查名词。句意：在我去宾夕法尼亚州中部上学后，我很快意识到人们对俄亥俄了解甚少。A. fantasy幻想；B. prejudice偏见；C. realization领悟，认知；D. expectation期待。根据后文“how little people knew about Ohio came quickly after I went to school in central Pennsylvania.”以及“most of my classmates thought of Ohio as a whole different world.”可知，作者上学后才意识到人们对俄亥俄了解甚少。 【小题2】考查副词。句意：尽管我住的地方仅仅只有三个半小时路程，但大多数同学都觉得俄亥俄完全是另一个世界。A. only仅仅；B. indeed的确；C. still仍然；D. even甚至。根据后文“Do you have to fly home?”可知，同学误以为距离很远要坐飞机回家，实际上路程很短，只有三个半小时路程。 【小题3】考查名词。句意：各种各样的问题没完没了。A. tests测试；B. questions问题；C. games游戏；D. debates辩论。根据前文“Do you have to fly home? Do you live on a farm?”可知，同学们提出了一些列问题。 【小题4】考查名词。句意：在他们眼中，我是一个少见新奇的人。A. success成功；B. victim受害者；C. novelty新奇的人；D. problem麻烦。根据前文“Do you have to fly home? Do you live on a farm?”以及“The ____ were never-ending.”可知，同学们对俄亥俄小镇和作者的情况不了解，很好奇，把作者当作新奇的外来者。 【小题5】考查形容词。句意：随着年龄增长，我越来越感激自己的小镇出身。A. thankful感激的；B. hopeful满怀希望的；C. suitable合适的；D. reliable可靠的。根据后文“I am grateful for...”可知，作者心存感激。 【小题6】考查动词。句意：诚然，从前我和朋友们总爱抱怨待在偏僻地方有多无聊，然而，在我读完大三之后，我确信只有离开小镇，我们才明白自己有多深爱这里、喜爱这里的点点滴滴。A. dream梦想；B. lie撒谎；C. hear听见；D. complain抱怨。根据后文“how bored we were”可知，作者和朋友从前经常抱怨小镇无趣。 【小题7】考查副词。句意：诚然，从前我和朋友们总爱抱怨待在偏僻地方有多无聊，然而，在我读完大三之后，我确信只有离开小镇，我们才明白自己有多深爱这里、喜爱这里的点点滴滴。A. therefore因此；B. however然而；C. instead相反；D. otherwise否则。前后从前嫌弃无聊、如今心生喜爱，存在转折关系。 【小题8】考查动词。句意：诚然，从前我和朋友们总爱抱怨待在偏僻地方有多无聊，然而，在我读完大三之后，我确信只有离开小镇，我们才明白自己有多深爱这里、喜爱这里的点点滴滴。A. touring游览；B. changing改变；C. leaving离开；D. protecting保护。根据前文“after I went to school in central Pennsylvania”可知，作者离开家乡后才有全新看法，此处对应离开小镇才懂得珍惜。 【小题9】考查动词。句意：这里生活节奏缓慢，人们十分看重彼此间的交往相处。A. value重视；B. admit承认；C. fear害怕；D. remember记住。根据后文“You do more than just talk to your neighbors—in a lot of cases, they’re truly an ____ of your family.”可知，邻里亲密如家人，能看出当地人珍视人际交往。 【小题10】考查名词。句意：你不只是和邻居闲聊，多数时候邻居实实在在是自家家庭的延伸。A. advantage优势；B. example榜样；C. honor荣耀；D. extension延伸。根据前文“people ____ connecting to each other. You do more than just talk to your neighbors”可知，小镇邻里关系紧密，如同家庭的一部分延伸。 【小题11】考查名词。句意：这种生活方式很大程度围绕户外活动，熟悉小镇大小事务展开。A. lifestyle生活方式；B. landscape风景；C. procedure流程；D. personality性格。根据前文“The pace of life is slow”以及后文“around being outside and knowing the ins and outs of the town”可知，慢节奏、邻里和睦都属于小镇独有的生活方式。 【小题12】考查名词。句意：活在当下、留心周遭环境是这种文化里很关键的一部分。A. findings调研结果；B. surroundings周边环境；C. belongings私人物品；D. greetings问候。根据前文“Much of this ____ centers around being outside and knowing the ins and outs of the town”可知，留意身边环境属于文化的一部分。 【小题13】考查动词短语。句意：大学期间，我十分期待回到小小的家乡探望。A. give up放弃；B. put off推迟；C. face up to直面；D. look forward to期待。根据后文“the visits to my little hometown”可知，作者内心愈发思乡，因此盼望回乡探望。 【小题14】考查名词。句意：我感恩成长途中的种种经历，也明白无论下一场人生奔赴何方，我都可以信赖小镇故土孕育的根基，它会指引我走向正确的道路。A. confidence自信；B. reputation名声；C. experience经历；D. opportunity机遇。根据后文“I had growing up”可知，全文记述从小到大在小镇的全部成长过往，对应成长经历。 【小题15】考查动词。句意：我感恩成长途中的种种经历，也明白无论下一场人生奔赴何方，我都可以信赖小镇故土孕育的根基，它会指引我走向正确的道路。A. inspire激励；B. trust信任、依靠；C. remind提醒；D. challenge挑战。根据后文“lead me in the right direction”可知，小镇塑造了自己的品性与处事准则，能够依靠小镇故土孕育的根基走向正确的道路。 三、语法填空 （2026·全国一卷·高考真题）阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Daji, or big open-air fairs, typically take place on specific dates of the lunar calendar, for example, on dates with five or seven as the last digit. It is also common for them     1     (hold) during traditional Chinese holidays such as the Spring Festival and the Mid-Autumn Festival, as well as other local festivals. The exact dates and     2     (frequent) of daji vary from region to region. Daji originated from the ancient folk custom of trading goods, which dates back to     3     Han Dynasty. As transportation and communication     4     (be) underdeveloped at that time, it was very difficult for households to obtain daily     5     (necessity). As a solution, people gathered at specific locations on set days to trade their surplus (剩余的) items     6     what they needed. In addition to being venues for buying and selling, daji are occasions for socializing and entertainment. People from near and far crowd into these markets on daji days.     7     (draw) by the aroma (香味) of street food, they line up in front of stands     8     serve steaming dumplings and hot noodle soup. While eating and enjoying street performances, they chat with each other and share stories of their daily lives. Before     9     (head) home, they fill their shopping bags with fresh fruit and vegetables from local farmers, at prices significantly     10     (cheap) than those found in supermarkets. 1.to be held 2.frequency 3.the 4.were 5.necessities 6.for 7.Drawn 8.that/which 9.heading 10.cheaper 【小题1】考查非谓语动词。句意：它们也常常在传统节日期间举行，例如春节、中秋节以及其他地方性节日。固定句型“it is + adj. + for sb./sth. to do sth.”中不定式作真正主语，且hold（举行）与其逻辑主语“them（指代Daji）”之间为被动关系，故用不定式的被动式to be held。 【小题2】考查名词。句意：大集的确切日期和频率因地区而异。提示词与名词“dates”并列作主语，应用名词形式frequency，表示“频率”，不可数名词。 【小题3】考查冠词。句意：大集起源于古代民间以物易物的习俗，可追溯至汉朝。专有名词Han Dynasty特指“汉朝”，需用定冠词the限定。 【小题4】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：由于当时交通和通讯都不发达，家家户户很难买到日常必需品。提示词作谓语，时间状语“at that time”表明用一般过去时，主语“transportation and communication”为复数概念，谓语用复数形式were。 【小题5】考查名词复数。句意：同上。名词necessity意为“必需品”时通常用复数形式，泛指日常所需的多种物品。 【小题6】考查介词。句意：作为解决办法，人们在固定的日子里聚集到特定地点，用自己多余的物品来交换自己需要的东西。“trade A for B”是固定搭配，表示“用A交换B”。 【小题7】考查非谓语动词。句意：被街头小吃的香味所吸引，他们在热气腾腾的饺子摊和热汤面摊前排起长队。此处作状语，draw（吸引）与其逻辑主语they之间为被动关系，应用过去分词表被动；且位于句首，首字母大写。 【小题8】考查定语从句。句意：同上。此处引导限制性定语从句，stands（摊位）是先行词，关系代词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which引导从句。 【小题9】考查非谓语动词。句意：在回家之前，他们会把从当地农民那里买来的新鲜水果和蔬菜塞满购物袋，价格比超市里的便宜得多。介词“Before”后接动名词作宾语。 【小题10】考查形容词比较级。句意：同上。提示词作后置定语修饰prices，且设空处后有“than”，应用比较级cheaper。 $