Unit 6 developing ideas（导学案）英语外研版新教材九年级上册

Unit 6 Live green Developing ideas导学案 1. 语言能力：能识别并朗读与环境问题、绿色生活、回收利用相关的核心词汇（如 plastic, environmental, waste, pollution, harm, upcycle, recycle 等）。能理解并运用谈论日常用品利弊的核心句型：Plastic makes life easier for many people, yet it brings long-lasting troubles to our planet. 等。（学习理解） 2. 文化意识：了解世界环境日、世界湿地日等环保节日，认识全球塑料污染的严重性。理解“3R原则”（Reduce, Reuse, Recycle）以及“升级再造”（Upcycling）的环保理念，增强生态保护的责任感和使命感。（应用实践） 3. 思维品质：通过对比塑料的“利与弊”，培养辩证思维能力；通过阅读虚构讽刺故事（"Hey! Come on out!"），分析事件的因果联系，深入思考人类过度消费和乱扔垃圾的最终后果。（迁移创新） 4. 学习能力：能够通过观察、归纳，系统掌握英语构词法（前缀、后缀、转化），利用构词法知识扩展词汇量并准确进行词性转换；能够运用听力策略获取“Upcycling”的定义及具体做法。 重点：1. 掌握描述历掌握描述环境问题、塑料危害及应对措施的核心词汇及短语（如：break down, deal with, air pollution, by mistake, on average 等）； 2. 正确运用构词法（Word formation），如动词变名词（pollute → pollution）、加前缀表否定（safe → unsafe）、加后缀变形容词（harm → harmful）等，表达环境问题及解决方法。 难点：1. 能够连贯地描述一个日常用品（如塑料、汽车等）的利弊及其对环境的影响，逻辑清晰地整合其用途、产生的问题与解决措施； 2. 能够理解具有科幻和讽刺色彩的英语虚构故事（如“吞噬垃圾的深洞”），并运用英语提炼和表 达其背后的深刻寓意（环保警示）。 3. 在真实语境（如语法填空、写作）中，准确判断所需词性，灵活且正确地拼写派生词。 一、短语填空 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. ____________ 出来 2. ____________ 捡起 3. ____________ 把……扔进…… 4. ____________ 查明；弄清 5. ____________ 填平；填满 6. ____________ 四面八方；到处 7. ____________ 无论什么 8. ____________ 心安；内心安稳 9. ____________ 考虑；思考 10. ____________ 像玻璃一样澄澈 11. ____________ 为……骄傲 12. ____________ 在……顶端 13. ____________ 摇头 【答案】 1. come on out 出来 2. pick up 捡起 3. throw... into... 把……扔进…… 4. find out 查明；弄清 5. fill in 填平；填满 6. far and wide 四面八方；到处 7. no matter what 无论什么 8. peace of mind 心安；内心安稳 9. think about 考虑；思考 10. as clear as glass 像玻璃一样澄澈 11. be proud of 为……骄傲 12. on top of 在……顶端 13. shake one's head 摇头 二、翻译句子 1. 暴风雨已经过去，天空一片美丽的湛蓝。 _________________________________________________________________ 2. 村民们正在讨论该做什么时，他们发现地上有个洞。 _________________________________________________________________ 3. 一名记者试图通过把重物放下去来弄清洞的深度。 _________________________________________________________________ 4. 公司不断发展，修了一条连接城市与村庄的路。 _________________________________________________________________ 5. 无论人们扔进去什么脏东西，这个洞都把它们接收了。 _________________________________________________________________ 6. 大海和天空变得像玻璃一样澄澈。 _________________________________________________________________ 7. 企业建造了新的高楼，把任何废料都往洞里扔。 _________________________________________________________________ 8. 然后，他看到有块石头从天上掉了下来。 _________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 1.The storm had passed and the sky was a beautiful blue. 2.While the villagers were discussing what to do, they found a hole in the ground. 3.One reporter tried to find out the hole's depth by lowering a weight into it. 4.The company grew and built a road connecting the city with the village. 5.No matter what dirty things people threw into it, the hole took them all. 6.The sea and sky became as clear as glass. 7.Businesses created tall new buildings, throwing any waste into the hole. 8.Then he saw a stone fall from the sky. 知识点1： Upcycling means reusing old things in a creative way. 升级改造意味着以一种有创意的方式重复使用旧物。 用法讲解： ▶upcycle 动词 (v.) / 名词 (n.) 含义：指将旧物或废弃物通过创意加工，转化为价值更高或更好的新物品（比 recycle 更强调“价值提升”）。 upcycle sth. (into sth.) 把某物升级改造成…… We can upcycle old plastic bottles into beautiful flower pots. (我们可以把旧塑料瓶升级改造成漂亮的花盆。) Upcycling is a creative way to reduce waste. (升级改造是减少浪费的一种创造性方法。) ▶reuse 动词 (v.) 再使用；重新使用。前缀 re- 表示“再次”。 Instead of throwing away glass jars, we should reuse them to store food. (与其扔掉玻璃罐，我们应该重复使用它们来储存食物。) The reuse of water is important in dry areas. (水资源的重复利用在干旱地区很重要。) 知识点2：We can use our interests to give old things a second life. 我们可以利用我们的兴趣赋予旧物第二次生命。 用法讲解： ▶give sb./sth. a second life。含义：指让旧的、废弃的物品重新焕发生机或产生新的使用价值。 By repairing the broken furniture, my father gave it a second life. (通过修理这件破损的家具，我爸爸赋予了它第二次生命。) Art can give waste materials a second life. (艺术能赋予废弃材料第二次生命。) 知识点3：Recycling means turning waste into materials to make new things. 回收利用意味着将废物转化为制造新物品的材料。 用法讲解： ▶material 名词 (n.)。 用法1：可数名词，指具体的材料（如木材、塑料、金属等）。 Wood and stone are natural materials. (木头和石头是天然材料。) 搭配：raw materials（原材料），building materials（建筑材料）。 用法2：不可数名词，指抽象的物质或素材（如学习材料）。 We need to collect more material for our science project. (我们需要为科学项目收集更多素材。) 知识点4：Hey! Come on out!（嘿！出来吧！） 用法讲解： ▶come on out 口语表达。come out 意为“出来”，加上 on 起到强调和催促的作用，常用来呼唤藏在某处的人或动物。 We know you are hiding behind the door. Come on out! (我们知道你藏在门后。出来吧！) The sun is shining, so come on out and play! (阳光明媚，快出来玩吧！) 知识点5：The young man shouted loudly into the hole...（那个年轻人朝着洞里大声喊叫……） 用法讲解： ▶loudly 副词 (adv.)。修饰动词（如 shout, speak, laugh），表示声音大。 The baby woke up and began to cry loudly. (婴儿醒了，开始大声哭。) Please don't talk so loudly in the library. (请不要在图书馆这么大声讲话。) 【辨析】 loudly：副词 大声地，常与 shout, speak 等连用，有时带有一点喧闹的意味。 Don’t shout loudly in the library. 不要在图书馆大声叫嚷。 loud： 形容词/副词 作副词时多与 talk, speak 连用（speak loud）。 Speak loud, please. I can’t hear you. 请说大声点，我听不见。 She told us the news in a loud voice. 她大声告诉我们这个消息 aloud 副词 出声地（强调发出声音，但声音不一定大，如 read aloud）。 She said aloud, “Where is my key?” 她出声自言自语：“我的钥匙在哪？” 知识点6： The young man picked up a stone and threw it into the hole. 年轻人捡起一块石头扔进洞里。 用法讲解： ▶pick up含义：物理动作上的“捡起，拾起”。 She picked up the wallet on the ground and handed it to the police. (她捡起地上的钱包交给了警察。) Don't leave your books on the floor. Please pick them up. (别把书留在地上，请把它们捡起来。) 开车接某人： I'll pick you up at the airport. 我会去机场接你。 偶然学会（语言/技能）： He picked up some Spanish on holiday. 他在度假期间学了一些西班牙语。 You can pick up basic cooking skills by watching videos. 你可以看视频顺便学会基础的烹饪技巧。 知识点7： He couldn't hear it land. 他听不到它落地的声音。 用法讲解： ▶land 动词 (v.)。指从空中降落到地面或某个表面。 常用于：land on sth.（降落在某物上）。 The bird landed softly on the branch. (鸟儿轻轻地落在树枝上。) The plane will land safely in ten minutes. (飞机将在十分钟后平安降落。) 【拓展】作名词时意为“陆地；土地”。 by land Farmers work on the land. 农民在田里劳作。 知识点8：One reporter tried to find out the hole's depth by lowering a weight into it. 一名记者通过将重物放入其中来测深度。 用法讲解： ▶reporter 名词 (n.)。 记者 a news reporter（新闻记者）；a sports reporter（体育记者） ▶depth 名词 (n.)。深度。 the depth of...（……的深度）；in depth（深入地，详细地）。 The depth of the swimming pool is two meters. (游泳池的深度是两米。) We discussed the environmental problem in depth. (我们深入讨论了环境问题。) 【拓展】形容词 deep（深的） ▶lower 词性：动词 (v.)，意为“把……放低；降下”。（由形容词 low 转化而来）。 lower sth. into...（把某物降下/放入……）。 The workers lowered the heavy box into the ship. (工人们把重箱子降到船里。) She lowered her voice so as not to wake the baby. (她降低了声音以免吵醒婴儿。) 知识点9："Fill in the hole," she simply suggested.“把洞填上，”她仅仅建议道。 用法讲解： ▶suggest 建议；提议 用法1：suggest doing sth.（建议做某事）。 用法2：suggest + that从句。从句谓语用 (should) + 动词原形（虚拟语气）。 I suggest going to the nature reserve this weekend. (我建议这周末去自然保护区。) I suggest that we (should) spend money on more important things. 我建议我们应把钱花在更重要的东西上。 用法3：意为“暗示；表明”时，从句用陈述语气。 Her smile suggested that she agreed with us. 她的微笑暗示她同意我们。 The research suggests that tiny changes can make a long-lasting effect. 这项研究表明微小的改变可以产生持久的影响。 【拓展】suggestion cn 建议 知识点10："Let me have that hole. I'll fill it in for you," offered a businessman.“把那个洞交给我吧。我会帮你把它填上，”一位商人提议道。 用法讲解： ▶businessman 名词，指“商人”。 a successful businessman 一名成功的商人 business 作可数名词时，指“企业；公司”；作不可数名词时，指“生意；商业”。 搭配：do business with...（与……做生意）；on business（出差）。 It is a family business that has been passed down for generations. (这是一家传承了几代人的家族企业。) He often goes to Shanghai on business. (他经常去上海出差。) 知识点11：Trucks full of industrial waste came from far and wide.装满工业废物的卡车从四面八方驶来。 用法讲解： ▶industrial 形容词 (adj.) 工业的；产业的。 We must control industrial pollution to protect the river. (我们必须控制工业污染以保护这条河流。) The city has grown rapidly because of its industrial development. (由于工业的发展，这座城市发展迅速。) 【拓展】industry (n. 工业；产业)。 ▶far and wide 四面八方；到处。指地域上的广阔范围，意为“从各处；到处”。通常作状语或表语。 Tourists come from far and wide to see the beautiful natural scenery. (游客们从四面八方赶来欣赏美丽的自然风光。) The news spread far and wide quickly. (消息很快传遍了四面八方。) 【拓展】同义词：everywhere, from all directions。 知识点12：The company grew and built a road connecting the city with the village. 公司发展壮大，并修建了一条连接城市和村庄的道路。 ▶connect A with B 把A和B连接起来（强调建立联系）。 connect A to B 把A连接到B上（强调物理上的接入）。 A new bridge connects the island with the mainland. (一座新桥把岛屿和大陆连接了起来。) Please connect the printer to the computer. (请把打印机连接到电脑上。) 【拓展】connection (n. 联系；连接)。 知识点13：Next, people threw dead animals and litter into the hole. 接着，人们把死去的动物和垃圾扔进洞里。 用法讲解： ▶litter 名词 (n.，不可数) / 动词 (v.)。 作名词指乱扔的垃圾（如纸张、塑料瓶等）；作动词指“乱扔垃圾”。 【搭配】drop litter（乱扔垃圾） Please do not drop litter in the park. (请不要在公园里乱扔垃圾。) People who litter in public places should be punished. (在公共场所乱扔垃圾的人应该受到惩罚。) 知识点14：The hole gave peace of mind to everyone. 这个洞让每个人都感到安心。 用法讲解： ▶give peace of mind to sb. = give sb. peace of mind 让……感到安心/内心平静 peace of mind 意为“内心的平静；安心”。该短语表示让人不再担忧或害怕。 Knowing that the children were safe gave peace of mind to the parents. (知道孩子们安然无恙，让父母们感到安心。) Saving money can give you peace of mind during hard times. (存钱能在困难时期让你感到安心。) 知识点15：One day, a worker was on top of a building. 一天，一名工人正在一座建筑物的顶上。 用法讲解： ▶on top of 物理位置上的“在……上面/顶端”。 引申义：on top of sth. 也可表示“除……之外；更糟糕的是”（多用于句中）。 They placed a flag on top of the mountain. (他们在山顶上插了一面旗帜。) He lost his job, and on top of that, he was ill. (他丢了工作，更糟的是，他还生病了。) 知识点16：He thought the voice must be his imagination. 他认为那个声音一定是他的幻觉[想象]。 用法讲解： ▶imagination 名词 (n.)。想象力 Children usually have a very rich imagination. (孩子们通常有非常丰富的想象力。) The beautiful scenery here is beyond imagination. (这里的美景超乎想象。) 【拓展】动词 imagine（想象）；形容词 imaginative（富有想象力的）。 【搭配】beyond imagination（超乎想象）；use one's imagination（运用想象力）。 一、适当形式填空 1．It’s cold outside. You’d better wear your ________ (glove). 【答案】gloves 【详解】句意：外面很冷。你最好戴上手套。glove是名词，意为“手套”。手套是两只，英语中常用复数gloves。 2．Her words ________ (suggest) that she disagreed with this plan. 【答案】suggested 【详解】句意：她的话表明她不同意这个计划。suggest意思是“表明，暗示”。根据从句中的“disagreed”，可知句子时态为一般过去时，主句时态要保持一致，应用过去式suggested，在句中作谓语，符合时态和语法要求。 3．We should stay away from ________ (house+hold) waste pollution. (合成词) 【答案】household 【详解】句意：我们应该远离生活垃圾污染。“house+hold”两个单词合成新词household，形容词，意为“家庭的”，用来修饰后面的名词waste pollution。house和hold直接拼在一起构成合成词，无需变形。应填household。 4．People ________ (consider) this material environmentally friendly now. 【答案】consider 【详解】句意：现在人们认为这种材料是环保的。时间状语是now，说明时态为一般现在时。主语people表复数，谓语动词用原形consider。 5．We should ________ (recycle) waste paper. 【答案】recycle 【详解】句意：我们应该回收废纸。情态动词“should”后面需要接动词原形，故填“recycle”。 二、单项选择 1．We study hard ________ learn more environmental knowledge. A．help B．to help C．helping D．helped 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们努力学习以帮助学到更多环境知识。 句中“我们努力学习”的目的是“帮助学到更多环境知识”，应用动词不定式to help作目的状语。 2．We have done a lot to protect the environment. ________, we still need more people to join our action. A．So B．But C．However D．Therefore 【答案】C 【详解】句意：为了保护环境我们已经做了很多。然而，我们仍然需要更多的人加入我们的行动。 So因此（连词）；But但是（连词）；However然而（副词）；Therefore因此（副词）。前后句意存在转折关系，且根据空前有句号、空后有逗号，however作为副词，位于句首表转折时，其后常用逗号隔开。故选However。 3．They ______ the broken glass bottles into beautiful lamps. A．repaired B．upcycled C．recycled D．broke 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他们把破碎的玻璃瓶升级改造成了漂亮的灯。 repaired修理；upcycled升级回收/创意改造；recycled回收；broke打破。根据“the broken glass bottles into beautiful lamps”可知，是将废旧物品创意改造成更有价值的物品，而recycle通常指将废物加工成原材料，upcycle更符合将瓶子直接制成灯具的语境。应填upcycled。 4．My ________ gloves got ________ in the machine, so I can’t take them out. A．former; stuck B．tiny; cheap C．wise; stuck D．environmental; highlighted 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我以前的手套在机器里被卡住了，所以我拿不出来。 第一空，former以前的；tiny极小的；wise明智的；environmental环境的。第二空，stuck卡住的；cheap便宜的；highlighted突出的。根据“so I can’t take them out”可知手套被卡住了，第二空应用表示“卡住”的stuck，排除B、D项；第一空修饰gloves，wise意为“聪明的”通常修饰人，former意为“以前的”可修饰物品，排除C项。故选A。 5．You can ________ waste paper ________ new boxes with your hands. A．shape; into B．mistake; for C．break; down D．tie; up 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你可以用手把废纸塑造成新的盒子。 shape...into把……塑造成；mistake...for把……错当成；break...down分解，拆分，出故障；tie...up捆绑，系紧。根据“waste paper”和“new boxes”可知，此处表示将废纸制作成盒子。shape...into“把……塑造成”符合语境逻辑，其他选项搭配均不符合句意。 三、完成句子 1．塑料需要数百年才能分解。 Plastic will take ________ ________ years to ________ ________. 【答案】 hundreds of break down 【详解】原句中关键词是“数百……”和“分解”，“数百……”对应短语hundreds of，“分解”对应短语break down，空前有to，为不定式符号，后接动词原形。 2．让我们弄明白如何解决家里的水浪费问题。 Let’s find out how to ________ ________ ________ of water waste at home. 【答案】 solve the problem 【详解】原文中“解决……的问题”是关键词。固定搭配solve the problem of 表示“解决……的问题”，how to后接动词原形。故填solve；the；problem。 3．学生们意识到这位飞行员为何被认为是民族英雄。 The students realized why the pilot ________ ________ ________ a national hero. 【答案】 was considered/regarded as 【详解】根据中英文对照，空格处缺“被认为是”，英文是be regarded/considered as，主句谓语“realized”是一般过去时，宾语从句需用过去的某种时态；主语“the pilot”是单数，be动词用was。 4．这次环保活动的消息传播广泛。 The news of the environmental activity spread ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 far and wide 【详解】原句中“广泛”是关键词，表示“广泛”的短语是far and wide。本句为主谓结构，短语far and wide作状语修饰动词spread。应填far；and；wide。 5．从那时起，它就成了海洋动物的威胁。 ________ ________, it has become a danger to sea animals. 【答案】 Since then 【详解】原句中“从那时起”是关键词，表示“从那时起”的固定短语是since then，是现在完成时的标志性时间状语，刚好匹配题干后半句的现在完成时结构“has become”；该短语位于句首，首字母需要大写，因此填Since；then。 4、 完形填空 Would you like to do something for the earth but don’t know how? These days technology is making it 1 for people to protect the environment. For Bryan in San Diego, all it takes to make a difference is his phone and a trip to the 2 . The 20-year-old student 3 diving (潜水). He wants to keep the sea clean. Last June, he 4 turned his hobby into an eco-friendly mission (环保任务). One day 5 Bryan was playing with his phone, a new app called Rubbish caught his eye. The app calls on people around the world to 6 rubbish in their communities. It organizes local clean-up activities to help solve the 7 problem. Users only need to connect (连接) their phones to the app and start cleaning. That 8 Bryan to spend his summer on sea clean-up. The app helped Bryan 9 what kind of rubbish he picked up and where he found it. It also told him if he had walked through this place before. With the app, Bryan found joy in helping clean up the sea. In fact, Bryan had so much 10 collecting underwater rubbish that he searched about 20,000 m² of San Diego’s beaches! 1．A．cheaper B．easier C．slower 2．A．beach B．field C．forest 3．A．hates B．continues C．enjoys 4．A．finally B．nearly C．hardly 5．A．if B．when C．because 6．A．look for B．sell out C．pick up 7．A．population B．pollution C．education 8．A．encouraged B．stopped C．advised 9．A．spread B．return C．record 10．A．pain B．fun C．trouble 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述学生Bryan利用手机APP将潜水爱好转化为清理海洋垃圾的环保任务，保护地球环境的故事。 【详解】1．句意：如今科技让人们保护环境变得更容易。 根据下文“With the app, Bryan found joy in helping clean up the sea.”可知，科技助力环保，变得更便捷，easier“更容易”符合语境；cheaper“更便宜”、slower“更慢”均与语境不符。 2．句意：对于圣地亚哥的Bryan来说，做出改变只需要他的手机和一次海滩之行。 下文“collecting underwater rubbish”提到海洋清理，beach“海滩”符合语境；field“田野”、forest“森林”均与语境不符。 3．句意：这名20岁的学生喜欢潜水。 根据下文“He wants to keep the sea clean.”可知，他想要保护海洋，说明喜爱潜水，enjoys“喜欢”符合语境；hates“讨厌”、continues“继续”均与语境不符。 4．句意：去年六月，他最终把爱好变成一项环保任务。 根据上下文，他接触APP之后完成爱好到环保任务的转变，finally“最终”符合语境；nearly“几乎”、hardly“几乎不”均与语境不符。 5．句意：有一天，当Bryan正在玩手机的时候，一款叫Rubbish的APP吸引了他的目光。 根据句子逻辑，此处表达“当……的时候”，when引导时间状语从句，符合语境；if “如果”、because“因为”均与语境不符。 6．句意：这款APP号召全世界的人在社区捡拾垃圾。 根据下文“start cleaning”可知，此处指捡拾垃圾，pick up“捡起”符合语境；look for“寻找”、sell out“卖光”均与语境不符。 7．句意：它组织当地清理活动，帮助解决污染问题。 根据上文清理垃圾的内容可知，清理垃圾是解决污染问题，pollution“污染”符合语境；population“人口”、education“教育”均与语境不符。 8．句意：那鼓励Bryan整个夏天都投入海洋清理工作。 根据上下文可知，APP的功能激励了Bryan参与海洋清理，encouraged“鼓励”符合语境；stopped“阻止”、advised“建议”均与语境不符。 9．句意：这款APP帮助Bryan记录他捡到的垃圾种类以及发现垃圾的地点。 根据后文“what kind of rubbish he picked up and where he found it”，APP用来记录相关信息，record“记录”符合语境；spread“传播”、return“返回”均与语境不符。 10．句意：事实上，Bryan在收集水下垃圾中收获了很多乐趣，他勘察了圣地亚哥大约20000平方米的海滩。 根据上文“Bryan found joy in helping clean up the sea”可知，此处表示在收集水下垃圾中他收获了很多乐趣，have fun doing sth.为固定搭配，fun“乐趣”符合语境；pain“痛苦”、trouble“麻烦”均与语境不符。 5、 阅读理解 India’s government has agreed to test 10-rupee (卢比) and 20-rupee plastic (塑料) banknotes (钞票). If successful, these notes will be used along with the traditional cotton-based paper notes used today. This move follows the global trend (趋势) as over 60 countries, including Australia, Canada and the UK, have already begun using plastic notes. In 1988, Australia became the first country to introduce plastic notes. At that time, the country wanted people to continue trusting its banknotes while making its money safer, according to the Reserve Bank of Australia. Plastic notes are better than traditional cotton-based paper notes. They are more resistant (抗……的) to water and wear, lasting 2.5 to 4 times longer. This reduces the number of replacements needed. According to the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), this is especially helpful for smaller amounts like 10 and 20 rupees, which are used more often and are more likely to be damaged. Also, these new notes have better security features, such as transparent (透明的) windows and holograms (全息图), making it harder for people to make counterfeit notes (假钞). This is especially important in India, where around 230,000 counterfeit notes were found by the RBI between 2025 and 2026 alone. But it’s also important to consider the environment. Using plastic notes can reduce carbon emissions (碳排放) because fewer notes need to be made and transported. However, they are made using petroleum-based (基于石油的) materials, and getting rid of them requires careful management. 1．Why does the writer mention Australia, Canada and the UK in Paragraph 1? 2．Why did Australia see plastic notes as a useful choice? 3．What are Paragraph 3 and Paragraph 4 mainly about? 4．Are plastic banknotes completely environmentally friendly? Why or why not? 5．If China plans to use plastic banknotes, will you support it? Give at least two reasons in your own words. 【答案】1．To show that using plastic notes is a global trend. 2．To make its money safer and keep people trusting its banknotes. 3．The advantages of plastic notes. 4．No. Because they are made using petroleum-based materials and getting rid of them requires careful management. 5．Yes, I will. First, plastic notes last longer and are harder to damage. Second, they have better security features, so they are harder to counterfeit.（答案不唯一，合理即可） 【导语】本文介绍了印度政府计划测试塑料钞票的消息，并说明了塑料钞票的优势（耐用、防伪）以及它对环境的影响。 【详解】1．根据第一段“This move follows the global trend as over 60 countries, including Australia, Canada and the UK, have already begun using plastic notes.”可知，作者提到澳大利亚、加拿大和英国是为了说明使用塑料钞票是一个全球趋势。 2．根据第二段“At that time, the country wanted people to continue trusting its banknotes while making its money safer”可知，澳大利亚当时想让人们继续信任其钞票，同时让货币更安全。 3．第三段介绍了塑料钞票更耐用、使用寿命更长，第四段介绍了塑料钞票有更好的防伪特征，这两段主要讲的是塑料钞票的优点。 4．根据最后一段“However, they are made using petroleum-based materials, and getting rid of them requires careful management.”可知，塑料钞票并非完全环保，因为它们由石油基材料制成，且处理它们需要谨慎管理。 5．题为开放性试题，答案不唯一。可以支持，理由例如：塑料钞票更耐用、更难损坏；防伪特征更好，更难伪造。 1．本节课核心知识（结合课堂知识总结）：_________________________________________________ 2．今日错题 / 不懂的内容：_______________________________________________________________ 3．出错 / 听不懂的原因：□概念不会 □审题马虎 □思路没掌握 □其他________________________ 4．我的改进小计划： _________________________________________________________________________________________ $Unit 6 Live green Developing ideas导学案 1. 语言能力：能识别并朗读与环境问题、绿色生活、回收利用相关的核心词汇（如 plastic, environmental, waste, pollution, harm, upcycle, recycle 等）。能理解并运用谈论日常用品利弊的核心句型：Plastic makes life easier for many people, yet it brings long-lasting troubles to our planet. 等。（学习理解） 2. 文化意识：了解世界环境日、世界湿地日等环保节日，认识全球塑料污染的严重性。理解“3R原则”（Reduce, Reuse, Recycle）以及“升级再造”（Upcycling）的环保理念，增强生态保护的责任感和使命感。（应用实践） 3. 思维品质：通过对比塑料的“利与弊”，培养辩证思维能力；通过阅读虚构讽刺故事（"Hey! Come on out!"），分析事件的因果联系，深入思考人类过度消费和乱扔垃圾的最终后果。（迁移创新） 4. 学习能力：能够通过观察、归纳，系统掌握英语构词法（前缀、后缀、转化），利用构词法知识扩展词汇量并准确进行词性转换；能够运用听力策略获取“Upcycling”的定义及具体做法。 重点：1. 掌握描述历掌握描述环境问题、塑料危害及应对措施的核心词汇及短语（如：break down, deal with, air pollution, by mistake, on average 等）； 2. 正确运用构词法（Word formation），如动词变名词（pollute → pollution）、加前缀表否定（safe → unsafe）、加后缀变形容词（harm → harmful）等，表达环境问题及解决方法。 难点：1. 能够连贯地描述一个日常用品（如塑料、汽车等）的利弊及其对环境的影响，逻辑清晰地整合其用途、产生的问题与解决措施； 2. 能够理解具有科幻和讽刺色彩的英语虚构故事（如“吞噬垃圾的深洞”），并运用英语提炼和表 达其背后的深刻寓意（环保警示）。 3. 在真实语境（如语法填空、写作）中，准确判断所需词性，灵活且正确地拼写派生词。 一、短语填空 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. ____________ 出来 2. ____________ 捡起 3. ____________ 把……扔进…… 4. ____________ 查明；弄清 5. ____________ 填平；填满 6. ____________ 四面八方；到处 7. ____________ 无论什么 8. ____________ 心安；内心安稳 9. ____________ 考虑；思考 10. ____________ 像玻璃一样澄澈 11. ____________ 为……骄傲 12. ____________ 在……顶端 13. ____________ 摇头 二、翻译句子 1. 暴风雨已经过去，天空一片美丽的湛蓝。 _________________________________________________________________ 1. 村民们正在讨论该做什么时，他们发现地上有个洞。 _________________________________________________________________ 2. 一名记者试图通过把重物放下去来弄清洞的深度。 _________________________________________________________________ 3. 公司不断发展，修了一条连接城市与村庄的路。 _________________________________________________________________ 4. 无论人们扔进去什么脏东西，这个洞都把它们接收了。 _________________________________________________________________ 5. 大海和天空变得像玻璃一样澄澈。 _________________________________________________________________ 6. 企业建造了新的高楼，把任何废料都往洞里扔。 _________________________________________________________________ 7. 然后，他看到有块石头从天上掉了下来。 _________________________________________________________________ 知识点1： Upcycling means reusing old things in a creative way. 升级改造意味着以一种有创意的方式重复使用旧物。 用法讲解： ▶upcycle 动词 (v.) / 名词 (n.) 含义：指将旧物或废弃物通过创意加工，转化为价值更高或更好的新物品（比 recycle 更强调“价值提升”）。 upcycle sth. (into sth.) 把某物升级改造成…… We can upcycle old plastic bottles into beautiful flower pots. (我们可以把旧塑料瓶升级改造成漂亮的花盆。) Upcycling is a creative way to reduce waste. (升级改造是减少浪费的一种创造性方法。) ▶reuse 动词 (v.) 再使用；重新使用。前缀 re- 表示“再次”。 Instead of throwing away glass jars, we should reuse them to store food. (与其扔掉玻璃罐，我们应该重复使用它们来储存食物。) The reuse of water is important in dry areas. (水资源的重复利用在干旱地区很重要。) 知识点2：We can use our interests to give old things a second life. 我们可以利用我们的兴趣赋予旧物第二次生命。 用法讲解： ▶give sb./sth. a second life。含义：指让旧的、废弃的物品重新焕发生机或产生新的使用价值。 By repairing the broken furniture, my father gave it a second life. (通过修理这件破损的家具，我爸爸赋予了它第二次生命。) Art can give waste materials a second life. (艺术能赋予废弃材料第二次生命。) 知识点3：Recycling means turning waste into materials to make new things. 回收利用意味着将废物转化为制造新物品的材料。 用法讲解： ▶material 名词 (n.)。 用法1：可数名词，指具体的材料（如木材、塑料、金属等）。 Wood and stone are natural materials. (木头和石头是天然材料。) 搭配：raw materials（原材料），building materials（建筑材料）。 用法2：不可数名词，指抽象的物质或素材（如学习材料）。 We need to collect more material for our science project. (我们需要为科学项目收集更多素材。) 知识点4：Hey! Come on out!（嘿！出来吧！） 用法讲解： ▶come on out 口语表达。come out 意为“出来”，加上 on 起到强调和催促的作用，常用来呼唤藏在某处的人或动物。 We know you are hiding behind the door. Come on out! (我们知道你藏在门后。出来吧！) The sun is shining, so come on out and play! (阳光明媚，快出来玩吧！) 知识点5：The young man shouted loudly into the hole...（那个年轻人朝着洞里大声喊叫……） 用法讲解： ▶loudly 副词 (adv.)。修饰动词（如 shout, speak, laugh），表示声音大。 The baby woke up and began to cry loudly. (婴儿醒了，开始大声哭。) Please don't talk so loudly in the library. (请不要在图书馆这么大声讲话。) 【辨析】 loudly：副词 大声地，常与 shout, speak 等连用，有时带有一点喧闹的意味。 Don’t shout loudly in the library. 不要在图书馆大声叫嚷。 loud： 形容词/副词 作副词时多与 talk, speak 连用（speak loud）。 Speak loud, please. I can’t hear you. 请说大声点，我听不见。 She told us the news in a loud voice. 她大声告诉我们这个消息 aloud 副词 出声地（强调发出声音，但声音不一定大，如 read aloud）。 She said aloud, “Where is my key?” 她出声自言自语：“我的钥匙在哪？” 知识点6： The young man picked up a stone and threw it into the hole. 年轻人捡起一块石头扔进洞里。 用法讲解： ▶pick up含义：物理动作上的“捡起，拾起”。 She picked up the wallet on the ground and handed it to the police. (她捡起地上的钱包交给了警察。) Don't leave your books on the floor. Please pick them up. (别把书留在地上，请把它们捡起来。) 开车接某人： I'll pick you up at the airport. 我会去机场接你。 偶然学会（语言/技能）： He picked up some Spanish on holiday. 他在度假期间学了一些西班牙语。 You can pick up basic cooking skills by watching videos. 你可以看视频顺便学会基础的烹饪技巧。 知识点7： He couldn't hear it land. 他听不到它落地的声音。 用法讲解： ▶land 动词 (v.)。指从空中降落到地面或某个表面。 常用于：land on sth.（降落在某物上）。 The bird landed softly on the branch. (鸟儿轻轻地落在树枝上。) The plane will land safely in ten minutes. (飞机将在十分钟后平安降落。) 【拓展】作名词时意为“陆地；土地”。 by land Farmers work on the land. 农民在田里劳作。 知识点8：One reporter tried to find out the hole's depth by lowering a weight into it. 一名记者通过将重物放入其中来测深度。 用法讲解： ▶reporter 名词 (n.)。 记者 a news reporter（新闻记者）；a sports reporter（体育记者） ▶depth 名词 (n.)。深度。 the depth of...（……的深度）；in depth（深入地，详细地）。 The depth of the swimming pool is two meters. (游泳池的深度是两米。) We discussed the environmental problem in depth. (我们深入讨论了环境问题。) 【拓展】形容词 deep（深的） ▶lower 词性：动词 (v.)，意为“把……放低；降下”。（由形容词 low 转化而来）。 lower sth. into...（把某物降下/放入……）。 The workers lowered the heavy box into the ship. (工人们把重箱子降到船里。) She lowered her voice so as not to wake the baby. (她降低了声音以免吵醒婴儿。) 知识点9："Fill in the hole," she simply suggested.“把洞填上，”她仅仅建议道。 用法讲解： ▶suggest 建议；提议 用法1：suggest doing sth.（建议做某事）。 用法2：suggest + that从句。从句谓语用 (should) + 动词原形（虚拟语气）。 I suggest going to the nature reserve this weekend. (我建议这周末去自然保护区。) I suggest that we (should) spend money on more important things. 我建议我们应把钱花在更重要的东西上。 用法3：意为“暗示；表明”时，从句用陈述语气。 Her smile suggested that she agreed with us. 她的微笑暗示她同意我们。 The research suggests that tiny changes can make a long-lasting effect. 这项研究表明微小的改变可以产生持久的影响。 【拓展】suggestion cn 建议 知识点10："Let me have that hole. I'll fill it in for you," offered a businessman.“把那个洞交给我吧。我会帮你把它填上，”一位商人提议道。 用法讲解： ▶businessman 名词，指“商人”。 a successful businessman 一名成功的商人 business 作可数名词时，指“企业；公司”；作不可数名词时，指“生意；商业”。 搭配：do business with...（与……做生意）；on business（出差）。 It is a family business that has been passed down for generations. (这是一家传承了几代人的家族企业。) He often goes to Shanghai on business. (他经常去上海出差。) 知识点11：Trucks full of industrial waste came from far and wide.装满工业废物的卡车从四面八方驶来。 用法讲解： ▶industrial 形容词 (adj.) 工业的；产业的。 We must control industrial pollution to protect the river. (我们必须控制工业污染以保护这条河流。) The city has grown rapidly because of its industrial development. (由于工业的发展，这座城市发展迅速。) 【拓展】industry (n. 工业；产业)。 ▶far and wide 四面八方；到处。指地域上的广阔范围，意为“从各处；到处”。通常作状语或表语。 Tourists come from far and wide to see the beautiful natural scenery. (游客们从四面八方赶来欣赏美丽的自然风光。) The news spread far and wide quickly. (消息很快传遍了四面八方。) 【拓展】同义词：everywhere, from all directions。 知识点12：The company grew and built a road connecting the city with the village. 公司发展壮大，并修建了一条连接城市和村庄的道路。 ▶connect A with B 把A和B连接起来（强调建立联系）。 connect A to B 把A连接到B上（强调物理上的接入）。 A new bridge connects the island with the mainland. (一座新桥把岛屿和大陆连接了起来。) Please connect the printer to the computer. (请把打印机连接到电脑上。) 【拓展】connection (n. 联系；连接)。 知识点13：Next, people threw dead animals and litter into the hole. 接着，人们把死去的动物和垃圾扔进洞里。 用法讲解： ▶litter 名词 (n.，不可数) / 动词 (v.)。 作名词指乱扔的垃圾（如纸张、塑料瓶等）；作动词指“乱扔垃圾”。 【搭配】drop litter（乱扔垃圾） Please do not drop litter in the park. (请不要在公园里乱扔垃圾。) People who litter in public places should be punished. (在公共场所乱扔垃圾的人应该受到惩罚。) 知识点14：The hole gave peace of mind to everyone. 这个洞让每个人都感到安心。 用法讲解： ▶give peace of mind to sb. = give sb. peace of mind 让……感到安心/内心平静 peace of mind 意为“内心的平静；安心”。该短语表示让人不再担忧或害怕。 Knowing that the children were safe gave peace of mind to the parents. (知道孩子们安然无恙，让父母们感到安心。) Saving money can give you peace of mind during hard times. (存钱能在困难时期让你感到安心。) 知识点15：One day, a worker was on top of a building. 一天，一名工人正在一座建筑物的顶上。 用法讲解： ▶on top of 物理位置上的“在……上面/顶端”。 引申义：on top of sth. 也可表示“除……之外；更糟糕的是”（多用于句中）。 They placed a flag on top of the mountain. (他们在山顶上插了一面旗帜。) He lost his job, and on top of that, he was ill. (他丢了工作，更糟的是，他还生病了。) 知识点16：He thought the voice must be his imagination. 他认为那个声音一定是他的幻觉[想象]。 用法讲解： ▶imagination 名词 (n.)。想象力 Children usually have a very rich imagination. (孩子们通常有非常丰富的想象力。) The beautiful scenery here is beyond imagination. (这里的美景超乎想象。) 【拓展】动词 imagine（想象）；形容词 imaginative（富有想象力的）。 【搭配】beyond imagination（超乎想象）；use one's imagination（运用想象力）。 一、适当形式填空 1．It’s cold outside. You’d better wear your ________ (glove). 2．Her words ________ (suggest) that she disagreed with this plan. 3．We should stay away from ________ (house+hold) waste pollution. (合成词) 4．People ________ (consider) this material environmentally friendly now. 5．We should ________ (recycle) waste paper. 二、单项选择 1．We study hard ________ learn more environmental knowledge. A．help B．to help C．helping D．helped 2．We have done a lot to protect the environment. ________, we still need more people to join our action. A．So B．But C．However D．Therefore 3．They ______ the broken glass bottles into beautiful lamps. A．repaired B．upcycled C．recycled D．broke 4．My ________ gloves got ________ in the machine, so I can’t take them out. A．former; stuck B．tiny; cheap C．wise; stuck D．environmental; highlighted 5．You can ________ waste paper ________ new boxes with your hands. A．shape; into B．mistake; for C．break; down D．tie; up 三、完成句子 1．塑料需要数百年才能分解。 Plastic will take ________ ________ years to ________ ________. 2．让我们弄明白如何解决家里的水浪费问题。 Let’s find out how to ________ ________ ________ of water waste at home. 3．学生们意识到这位飞行员为何被认为是民族英雄。 The students realized why the pilot ________ ________ ________ a national hero. 4．这次环保活动的消息传播广泛。 The news of the environmental activity spread ________ ________ ________. 5．从那时起，它就成了海洋动物的威胁。 ________ ________, it has become a danger to sea animals. 4、 完形填空 Would you like to do something for the earth but don’t know how? These days technology is making it 1 for people to protect the environment. For Bryan in San Diego, all it takes to make a difference is his phone and a trip to the 2 . The 20-year-old student 3 diving (潜水). He wants to keep the sea clean. Last June, he 4 turned his hobby into an eco-friendly mission (环保任务). One day 5 Bryan was playing with his phone, a new app called Rubbish caught his eye. The app calls on people around the world to 6 rubbish in their communities. It organizes local clean-up activities to help solve the 7 problem. Users only need to connect (连接) their phones to the app and start cleaning. That 8 Bryan to spend his summer on sea clean-up. The app helped Bryan 9 what kind of rubbish he picked up and where he found it. It also told him if he had walked through this place before. With the app, Bryan found joy in helping clean up the sea. In fact, Bryan had so much 10 collecting underwater rubbish that he searched about 20,000 m² of San Diego’s beaches! 1．A．cheaper B．easier C．slower 2．A．beach B．field C．forest 3．A．hates B．continues C．enjoys 4．A．finally B．nearly C．hardly 5．A．if B．when C．because 6．A．look for B．sell out C．pick up 7．A．population B．pollution C．education 8．A．encouraged B．stopped C．advised 9．A．spread B．return C．record 10．A．pain B．fun C．trouble 5、 阅读理解 India’s government has agreed to test 10-rupee (卢比) and 20-rupee plastic (塑料) banknotes (钞票). If successful, these notes will be used along with the traditional cotton-based paper notes used today. This move follows the global trend (趋势) as over 60 countries, including Australia, Canada and the UK, have already begun using plastic notes. In 1988, Australia became the first country to introduce plastic notes. At that time, the country wanted people to continue trusting its banknotes while making its money safer, according to the Reserve Bank of Australia. Plastic notes are better than traditional cotton-based paper notes. They are more resistant (抗……的) to water and wear, lasting 2.5 to 4 times longer. This reduces the number of replacements needed. According to the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), this is especially helpful for smaller amounts like 10 and 20 rupees, which are used more often and are more likely to be damaged. Also, these new notes have better security features, such as transparent (透明的) windows and holograms (全息图), making it harder for people to make counterfeit notes (假钞). This is especially important in India, where around 230,000 counterfeit notes were found by the RBI between 2025 and 2026 alone. But it’s also important to consider the environment. Using plastic notes can reduce carbon emissions (碳排放) because fewer notes need to be made and transported. However, they are made using petroleum-based (基于石油的) materials, and getting rid of them requires careful management. 1．Why does the writer mention Australia, Canada and the UK in Paragraph 1? 2．Why did Australia see plastic notes as a useful choice? 3．What are Paragraph 3 and Paragraph 4 mainly about? 4．Are plastic banknotes completely environmentally friendly? Why or why not? 5．If China plans to use plastic banknotes, will you support it? Give at least two reasons in your own words. 1．本节课核心知识（结合课堂知识总结）：_________________________________________________ 2．今日错题 / 不懂的内容：_______________________________________________________________ 3．出错 / 听不懂的原因：□概念不会 □审题马虎 □思路没掌握 □其他________________________ 4．我的改进小计划： _________________________________________________________________________________________ $