Unit 3 Developing ideas （导学案）英语外研版新教材九年级上册

该初中英语导学案围绕“历史传承与文化创新”主题，聚焦possibility、background等核心词汇及“one thing... but another...”等句型，通过短语填空、翻译句子衔接新旧知识，搭建从词汇积累到阅读信息捕捉、口语讨论及写作的学习支架。 资料亮点在于任务设计层层递进，从基础练习到迁移创新（设计倡议书、采访汇报），结合三星堆、故宫等文化案例，在提升语言能力的同时培养文化意识与思维品质，习题多样化且注重语境应用，助力学生综合语言运用及自主学习能力发展。

Unit 3 Past passing by Developing ideas导学案 1. 能识别并朗读与历史传承、文化创新相关的词汇：possibility, pretty, besides, background, fever, pride等。能理解谈论历史文化的核心句型：Reading about history is one thing, but seeing it before your eyes is another. When we learn about our past, we know who we are.（学习理解） 2. 能在阅读活动中准确捕捉关键信息（如历史传承的方式、科技与文创的作用），完成填空、匹配等任务；能模仿示例，运用目标句型与同伴讨论如何让历史“活”起来。（应用实践） 3. 能根据提示设计一份关于“如何传承历史文化”的倡议书或演讲稿，包含至少3个要素（历史的重要性、传承方式、个人行动）。能通过采访同学，整理不同的历史文化观点并进行班级汇报，体现语言综合运用能力。（迁移创新） 重点：1. 掌握描述历史传承和文化创新的核心词汇及句型； 2. 正确运用one thing... but another...结构及宾语从句（who引导）。 难点：1. 连贯地表达对历史传承的看法，逻辑清晰地整合传统文化、科技手段和个人责任； 2. 在语境中准确运用宾语从句的陈述语序。 一、短语填空 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1． _______________ 一个接一个；逐一 2． _______________ 历史时期 3． _______________ 壁画 4． _______________ 传统服饰 5． _______________ 随着……跳舞 6． _______________ 大受欢迎；风靡一时 7． _______________ 在网上 8． _______________ 生动地 9． _______________ 亲眼 10． _______________ 不仅仅；超过 11． _______________ 难记的知识点 12． _______________ 生动 13． _______________ 在……中发挥作用 14． _______________ 使……鲜活起来 15． _______________ 在过去 16． _______________ 多年来 17． _______________ 用……制作 18． _______________ 文创产品 19． _______________ 掀起热潮 20． _______________ 传统文化 21． _______________ 各个年龄段 22． _______________ 对……感到自豪 23． _______________ 日常生活 24． _______________ 例如；比如 25． _______________ 冰箱磁贴 26． _______________ 传承；传递 二、翻译句子 1. 不同历史时期的男男女女一个个从壁画中走下来。 __________________________________________________________________ 1. 他们漂亮的传统服装与敦煌的“鸣沙”一同起舞。 __________________________________________________________________ 2. 这场 2021 年的汉服秀在网上非常火爆。 __________________________________________________________________ 3. 阅读历史是一回事，但亲眼看到历史又是另一回事。 __________________________________________________________________ 4. 科技在让历史鲜活起来方面发挥着作用。 __________________________________________________________________ 5. 过去，《清明上河图》只是博物馆里一幅有着 900 多年历史的绘画作品。 __________________________________________________________________ 6. 这些产品在各个年龄段的人群中掀起了一股传统文化热潮。 __________________________________________________________________ 7. 更多的博物馆在做类似的事，让历史融入日常生活。 __________________________________________________________________ 8. 只有了解历史，我们才能更好地面向未来。 __________________________________________________________________ 9. 铭记过往，传承历史至关重要。 __________________________________________________________________ 知识点1：The moai statues have got big heads and haven’t got bodies. 莫艾石像头部较大，但没有身体。。 用法讲解： ▶have got 意为“有；拥有”，相当于 have，但更常用于口语中，表示“拥有”或“具有某种特征”。 【基本结构】 肯定句：主语 + have/has got + 名词 否定句：主语 + haven't/hasn't got + 名词 疑问句：Have/Has + 主语 + got + 名词？ She has got a beautiful voice. 她有一副好嗓子。 We haven't got enough time. 我们没有足够的时间。 The giant pandas have got black and white fur. 大熊猫有黑白相间的皮毛。 The giraffe has got a very long neck. 长颈鹿有很长的脖子。 【辨别】have got 与 have 的区别 知识点2：On average, these statues are about four meters tall and weigh around... tons. 这些雕像平均高度约为4米，重量约为……吨。 用法讲解： ▶on average 是副词短语，意为“平均；平均来说”。 1. 放在句首（最常用，用逗号隔开） On average, people in this city spend two hours on the way to work. 平均来说，这个城市的人们花两小时在上班路上。 2. 放在句中（主语和谓语之间，或谓语之后） These statues are on average about four meters tall. 这些石像平均约四米高。 3. 放在句末 These statues are about four meters tall on average. 这些石像平均约四米高。 【常见搭配】above / below average 高于/低于平均水平 His grades are above average in his class. 他的成绩在班里高于平均水平。 the average of... ……的平均数/平均值 The average of these numbers is 15. 这些数字的平均值是15。 ▶weigh 作动词，意为“有……重；重量为……”，后面直接接重量数字。 1. weigh + 数字 + 单位 重量为…… These statues weigh about 14 tons. 这些石像重约14吨。 2. weigh + 代词/名词 称……的重量 Can you weigh this bag for me? 你能帮我称一下这个包的重量吗？ 【拓展】weight（名词）重量 What is Daming’s weight? = What’s the weight of Daming? 大明的体重是多少？ I have put on/ have lost weight recently. 我最近胖了、瘦了。 知识点3：We can express possibility with expressions like It’s possible. 我们可以使用“It’s possible”等表达方式来表示可能性。 用法讲解： ▶possibility 作名词，意为“可能，可能性”，既作可数名词，也可作不可数名词。 【常见搭配】 There is a/no possibility of/that... 有/没有……的可能性 There is a high possibility of rain this afternoon. 今天下午下雨的可能性很大。 the possibility of (doing) sth （做）某事的可能性 We need to explore the possibility of completing the project on time. 我们需要探索按时完成项目的可能性。 explore/consider possibilities 探索/考虑各种可能性 【拓展】possible adj. 可能的； possibly adv. 可能地； impossible adj. 不可能的 知识点4: Their pretty traditional clothes danced to the singing sands of Dunhuang. 他们身着颇为传统的服饰，在敦煌的歌声与沙海间翩然起舞。 用法讲解： ▶  pretty 作形容词，意为“漂亮的，好看的”。比较级 prettier，最高级 prettiest。 The flowers in the garden are pretty. 花园里的花很漂亮。 She has a pretty face and a kind heart. 她有一张漂亮的脸和一颗善良的心。 The sunset tonight is even prettier than usual. 今晚的日落比平时还要美。 【辨析】pretty 与 beautiful pretty 侧重“小巧精致、赏心悦目”，语气较温和，常用于形容人或物的外表 beautiful 更正式、更强烈，带有“令人惊叹的美”的意味 ▶ pretty 还可作副词，意为“相当；十分；非常”，相当于 very 或 quite，常用来修饰形容词或副词原级，在口语中很常用。 The weather is pretty warm today. 今天天气相当暖和。 I'm pretty sure he'll come. 我相当确定他会来。 知识点5: This 2021 hanfu show was a big hit on the internet. 这场2021年汉服盛典在互联网上引发了热烈反响。 ▶hit 作名词时，在日常英语中，常用来表示“成功而轰动（或风行）一时的事物”，如歌曲、电影、戏剧、演出、产品或活动等。 a big hit 则表示“大受欢迎；风靡一时”。 The new restaurant is a big hit with local people. 这家新餐厅在当地人中很受欢迎。 The song became a huge/great hit around the world. 这首歌在全世界大受欢迎。 【拓展】make a hit 取得成功；大获成功 The young actor made a hit with his first film. 这位年轻演员凭借他的第一部电影大获成功。 ▶hit 也可以作动词，意为“打击；碰撞”，但在日常用语中，也常用来表示“达到”。 hit + 数字 达到（某数量或水平） Temperatures hit 40°C yesterday. 昨天温度达到了 40 摄氏度。 hit the road 上路；出发 We’d better hit the road before it gets dark. 我们最好在天黑之前出发。 知识点6: Reading about history is one thing, but seeing it before your eyes is another. 阅读历史是一回事，亲眼目睹历史则是另一回事。 用法讲解： ▶one thing... but another (thing)... 意为“一回事……但另一回事……”，用于对比两种不同的情况或体验，强调两者存在差异。 Talking about travel is one thing, but actually going on a trip is another. 谈论旅行是一回事，但真正去旅行是另一回事。 Memorizing words is one thing, but using them in sentences is another. =It’s one thing to memorize words, but it’s another to use them in sentences. 背单词是一回事，但在句子中使用它们是另一回事。 【拓展】one thing after another。含义：表示令人不悦的事情一件接一件地发生。 My car broke down, I lost my wallet, and now the rain is flooding my house. It's just one thing after another! 车坏了，钱包丢了，现在雨水又淹了房子。真是祸不单行啊！ 知识点7：With a little creativity, history becomes more than dry, hard-to-remember facts." 加上一点创意，历史就变得不仅仅是枯燥、难记的事实。 用法讲解： ▶more than 的具体用法： （1）意为“多于；超过”，相当于 over，反义词组为 less than（少于），后接数词、数量短语。 His father is more than 50 years old. 他的父亲50多岁了。 There are less than 500 students in our school. 我们学校的学生数量不到500。 （2）意为“不仅仅是；不只是”，后接名词、代词或动名词。 She is more than a teacher. She is also a singer. 她不仅仅是一位老师，她还是一名歌手。 ▶no more than 仅仅（强调数量少） The meeting lasted no more than 30 minutes. 会议只开了30分钟。 ▶not more than 不超过；至多 This phone costs not more than 2000 yuan. 这部手机不超过2000块钱。—— 暗示价格在2000以下或刚好2000。 知识点8: The past comes to life for us to see and feel. 往昔重现人间，让我们得以亲眼目睹、亲身感受。 ▶come to life 意思是“变得生动；苏醒过来；活了起来”。 The character came to life in the movie. 这个角色在电影中变得活灵活现。 【拓展】bring... to life（使……变得生动；令……栩栩如生） The special effects brought the dinosaurs to life. 特效让恐龙变得栩栩如生。 come alive（同义短语，表示“变得生动；充满活力”） The city comes alive at night. 这座城市在夜晚充满活力。 知识点9：Technology plays a role in bringing history alive. 科技在让历史“活”起来方面发挥着作用。 用法讲解： ▶ play a role in 还可意为“扮演角色”。后面通常跟名词或动名词，表示在某个领域、事件或情境中起作用或产生影响。role 前常加形容词（leading，important，active 等）进行修饰。 Police dogs play a role in helping the police find criminals. 警犬在帮助警察寻找罪犯方面发挥作用。 Teachers play an important role in teaching us knowledge. 老师肩负着传授我们知识的职责。 【拓展】同义短语：play a part in 在……中扮演……作用 Exercise plays an important part in maintaining good health. 锻炼在保持健康方面起着重要作用。 知识点10：Over the years, the Palace Museum has made many creative products out of its collections. 多年来，故宫博物院利用其馆藏文物创作了众多创意产品。 用法讲解： ▶creative 形容词，表示“有创造力的；有创意的；创作的”。 creative thinking 创造性思维 We need creative thinking to solve this problem. 我们需要运用创造性思维来解决这个问题。 creative person / mind 有创造力的人/头脑 He has a very creative mind. 他拥有非常富有创造力的思维。 知识点11：These products have started a fever for traditional culture among people of all ages. 这些产品在各个年龄段的人群中掀起了一股传统文化热。 用法讲解： ▶fever 作名词，意为“狂热，兴奋”。 【常见搭配】in a fever of excitement（处于兴奋的狂热状态）。 His passion for music has turned into a fever. 他对音乐的热爱变成了一种狂热。 The whole school is in a fever of excitement before the sports meeting. 运动会前，全校都处于兴奋的狂热中。 ▶ fever 还可意为“发烧”。 She has a fever and can't go to school today. 她发烧了，今天不能去上学。 【常见搭配】 have/run a(high) fever 发(高)烧 【拓展】常见疾病的表达 have a headache（头痛）—— 注意拼写，headache 是连在一起的 have a stomachache（胃痛/肚子痛） have a cold（感冒）—— 最常用 have a cough（咳嗽） have a sore throat（喉咙痛） 知识点12：People take pride in having these products. 人们为拥有这些产品而感到自豪。 用法讲解： ▶pride 作名词，意为“自豪，骄傲”。 【常见搭配】 the pride of... ……的骄傲 Anna was the pride of the school after she won the speech competition. 安娜赢得演讲比赛后，成了学校的骄傲。 take pride in... 以……为骄傲；因……而自豪（in 为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词） Rock takes pride in his work. 博克对自己的工作感到自豪。 a sense of pride 自豪感 I had a sense of pride after winning. 获胜之后我有一种自豪感。 【拓展】proud，意为“自豪的；骄傲的” be proud of... 以……为骄傲；因……而自豪 We are all proud of our motherland. 我们都为祖国自豪。 知识点13：Traditional designs, such as dragons, clouds and bats, have appeared on scarves, bags, fridge magnets and even pencils and erasers. 传统图案，如龙、云和蝙蝠，出现在了围巾、包包、冰箱贴甚至铅笔和橡皮擦上。 用法讲解： ▶for example 与 such as 的辨析 for example 一般只列举同类人或物中的“一个”为例子，作插入语，用逗号隔开，可置于句首、句中或句末 I'd like to keep a pet—a cat, for example. 我想养个宠物，例如，一只猫。 such as 一般列举同类人或物中的几个例子，不用逗号隔开，可与 like 互换 He knows many languages, such as Chinese and English. 他懂多种语言，如汉语和英语。 知识点14：History mirrors our past and carries our values. 历史映照着我们的过去，承载着我们的价值观。 用法讲解： ▶mirror 作动词，意为“反映；映照；与……极为相似”。 The novel mirrors the social problems of the time. 这本小说反映了那个时代的社会问题。 Her experiences mirror mine in many ways. 她的经历在许多方面与我的极为相似。 ▶carry 的深层含义，承载；传承；包含。 These traditions carry deep cultural meanings. 这些传统承载着深厚的文化意义。 carry on 继续；传承 We must carry on our cultural traditions. 我们必须传承我们的文化传统。 一、适当形式填空 1．So ________ (amaze) relics draw visitors from all over the world. 2．We felt ________ (proud) of the great ancient inventions. 3．The old temple ________ (remain) standing after the heavy storm. 4．His rich ________ (imagine) helps him write wonderful stories. 5．She saved money so that she ________ (go) to visit Sanxingdui one day. 二、单项选择 1．—Mum, I have so many things to do this weekend. I don’t know what to do first. —It is good to make a plan. After all, time is ________ . A．long B．valuable C．boring 2．—The greatest miracle of life is the birth of a new baby. —Yes, it represents a beautiful beginning full of ________. A．possible B．possibility C．possibilities 3．Nezha 2 is a big ________ all over the world, so don’t miss the chance to watch it on the big screen. A．change B．choice C．hit D．check 4．Football ________ has spread across the country since the World Cup began. A．illness B．fever C．sadness D．trouble 5．—What do you think of the car, Jack? —It looks so nice. ________, it’s not too expensive. A．However B．Whatever C．Besides D．What’s worse 三、完成句子 1．历史从未如此贴近人们的日常生活。   History has never been so __________ to people’s daily __________. 2．许多人认为，第一批人在1000多年前到达复活节岛并建造了这些石像。   Many believe that the first people arrived on Easter Island over ________ years ago and built the statues. 3．石像的大头看起来很有趣。   The big ________ of the statues look ________. 4．The first people arrived on Easter Island over 1,000 years ago. 一般疑问句：___________________________ 肯定回答：_______________ 否定回答：_______________ 5．人们走在街上；马慢慢行走；船只沿河移动。   People walk on the __________; horses walk __________; boats move along the river. 4、 完形填空 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 During the Three Kingdoms Period, Liu Bei and Sun Quan joined forces to fight 1 Cao Cao. Zhou Yu, the commander of Sun Quan’s army, was jealous (妒忌的) of Zhuge Liang’s 2 . He asked Zhuge Liang to make 100,000 arrows 3 10 days, or face punishment. “Three days is 4 ,” Zhuge Liang said confidently. He also asked his friend Lu Su 5 him 20 boats, each filled with straw scarecrows. He told Lu Su 6 to tell Zhou Yu about his plan. On the early morning of the third day, a thick fog covered the river. Zhuge Liang ordered the boats for Cao Cao’s camp. The soldiers on the boats shouted and beat drums loudly 7 they were attacking. Cao Cao’s soldiers could 8 see clearly in the fog. They thought it was a real attack and quickly 9 thousands of arrows at the straw scarecrows. Soon, the scarecrows were 10 of arrows. Zhuge Liang then ordered the boats to turn around. When the fog lifted, his soldiers returned to their camp with more than 100,000 arrows. Zhou Yu was amazed and had to admit that Zhuge Liang was truly a genius. 1．A．for B．against C．to D．by 2．A．looks B．height C．family D．talent 3．A．after B．before C．in D．since 4．A．enough B．long C．short D．more 5．A．to make B．to lend C．to invent D．to borrow 6．A．don’t B．not C．never D．no 7．A．as if B．so that C．because D．though 8．A．easily B．hardly C．always D．almost 9．A．shot B．pointed C．shouted D．laughed 10．A．filled B．full C．covered D．afraid 5、 任务型阅读 Sugar painting, as the name suggests, is a painting made of sugar. It’s sugar for us to taste, and a painting for us to admire. In the Warring States Period (战国时期), the ancient people loved sweets and developed ways of producing sugar. In the Tang Dynasty, the technology of making sugar improved. And sugar went into common people’s homes. With the cultural and economic development of the Song and Yuan dynasties, people became less interested in only tasting sugar. Then, in the Ming Dynasty, some people added pictures with good luck to the bowl of sugar, and sugar painting appeared. Sugar painting is different from common painting. Sugar painters use syrup (糖浆) as the material, a spoon as the“paintbrush”, and a smooth table as the“paper”. To make syrup, they have to heat the sugar before painting. Because syrup may become hard if it cools, the painters have to produce the work very quickly. They move the spoon full of syrup up and down, left and right. Soon a sugar painting is done. However, it’s a pity that the art of sugar painting is dying recently. In the past, sugar paintings came in different shapes. But now, because fewer people buy them, their styles are becoming simpler and simpler. What’s worse, few people want to pass on the art except those old sugar painters. For most people, the art of painting is difficult to understand. However, sugar painting brings the art into people’s daily lives. It shows the spiritual pursuit (精神追求) of the ancient people. And it is a part of China’s intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产). So, the art should be remembered, cherished and passed on. 阅读下面短文，并用英语回答问题 (请注意每小题的词数要求)。 1．When did sugar painting appear? (不超过5个词) 2．Why do the painters have to produce the work very quickly? (不超过10个词) 3．What can you do to help pass on the art of sugar painting? (不超过15个词) 1．本节课核心知识（结合课堂知识总结）：_________________________________________________ 2．今日错题 / 不懂的内容：_______________________________________________________________ 3．出错 / 听不懂的原因：□概念不会 □审题马虎 □思路没掌握 □其他________________________ 4．我的改进小计划： _________________________________________________________________________________________ $Unit 3 Past passing by Developing ideas导学案 1. 能识别并朗读与历史传承、文化创新相关的词汇：possibility, pretty, besides, background, fever, pride等。能理解谈论历史文化的核心句型：Reading about history is one thing, but seeing it before your eyes is another. When we learn about our past, we know who we are.（学习理解） 2. 能在阅读活动中准确捕捉关键信息（如历史传承的方式、科技与文创的作用），完成填空、匹配等任务；能模仿示例，运用目标句型与同伴讨论如何让历史“活”起来。（应用实践） 3. 能根据提示设计一份关于“如何传承历史文化”的倡议书或演讲稿，包含至少3个要素（历史的重要性、传承方式、个人行动）。能通过采访同学，整理不同的历史文化观点并进行班级汇报，体现语言综合运用能力。（迁移创新） 重点：1. 掌握描述历史传承和文化创新的核心词汇及句型； 2. 正确运用one thing... but another...结构及宾语从句（who引导）。 难点：1. 连贯地表达对历史传承的看法，逻辑清晰地整合传统文化、科技手段和个人责任； 2. 在语境中准确运用宾语从句的陈述语序。 一、短语填空 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1． _______________ 一个接一个；逐一 2． _______________ 历史时期 3． _______________ 壁画 4． _______________ 传统服饰 5． _______________ 随着……跳舞 6． _______________ 大受欢迎；风靡一时 7． _______________ 在网上 8． _______________ 生动地 9． _______________ 亲眼 10． _______________ 不仅仅；超过 11． _______________ 难记的知识点 12． _______________ 生动 13． _______________ 在……中发挥作用 14． _______________ 使……鲜活起来 15． _______________ 在过去 16． _______________ 多年来 17． _______________ 用……制作 18． _______________ 文创产品 19． _______________ 掀起热潮 20． _______________ 传统文化 21． _______________ 各个年龄段 22． _______________ 对……感到自豪 23． _______________ 日常生活 24． _______________ 例如；比如 25． _______________ 冰箱磁贴 26． _______________ 传承；传递 【答案】 1. one by one 2. historical periods 3. wall paintings 4. traditional clothes 5. dance to 6. a big hit 7. on the internet 8. in a lively way 9. with one's own eyes 10. more than 11. hard-to-remember facts 12. come to life 13. play a role in 14. bring… alive 15. in the past 16. over the years 17. make…out of 18. creative products 19. start a fever 20. traditional culture 21. of all ages 22. take pride in 23. daily life 24. such as 25. fridge magnet 26. pass on 二、翻译句子 1. 不同历史时期的男男女女一个个从壁画中走下来。 __________________________________________________________________ 2. 他们漂亮的传统服装与敦煌的“鸣沙”一同起舞。 __________________________________________________________________ 3. 这场 2021 年的汉服秀在网上非常火爆。 __________________________________________________________________ 4. 阅读历史是一回事，但亲眼看到历史又是另一回事。 __________________________________________________________________ 5. 科技在让历史鲜活起来方面发挥着作用。 __________________________________________________________________ 6. 过去，《清明上河图》只是博物馆里一幅有着 900 多年历史的绘画作品。 __________________________________________________________________ 7. 这些产品在各个年龄段的人群中掀起了一股传统文化热潮。 __________________________________________________________________ 8. 更多的博物馆在做类似的事，让历史融入日常生活。 __________________________________________________________________ 9. 只有了解历史，我们才能更好地面向未来。 __________________________________________________________________ 10. 铭记过往，传承历史至关重要。 __________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 1. One by one, men and women from different historical periods came down from the wall paintings. 2. Their pretty traditional clothes danced to the "singing sands" of Dunhuang. 3. This 2021 hanfu show was a big hit on the internet. 4. Reading about history is one thing, but seeing it with your own eyes is another. 5. Technology plays a role in bringing history alive. 6. In the past, Along the River During the Qingming Festival was just a painting with a history of over 900 years in a museum. 7. These products have started a fever for traditional culture among people of all ages. 8. More museums are doing the same to bring history into daily life. 9. Only by understanding history can we face the future better. 10. It's important to know what once happened and pass it on. 知识点1：The moai statues have got big heads and haven’t got bodies. 莫艾石像头部较大，但没有身体。。 用法讲解： ▶have got 意为“有；拥有”，相当于 have，但更常用于口语中，表示“拥有”或“具有某种特征”。 【基本结构】 肯定句：主语 + have/has got + 名词 否定句：主语 + haven't/hasn't got + 名词 疑问句：Have/Has + 主语 + got + 名词？ She has got a beautiful voice. 她有一副好嗓子。 We haven't got enough time. 我们没有足够的时间。 The giant pandas have got black and white fur. 大熊猫有黑白相间的皮毛。 The giraffe has got a very long neck. 长颈鹿有很长的脖子。 【辨别】have got 与 have 的区别 知识点2：On average, these statues are about four meters tall and weigh around... tons. 这些雕像平均高度约为4米，重量约为……吨。 用法讲解： ▶on average 是副词短语，意为“平均；平均来说”。 1. 放在句首（最常用，用逗号隔开） On average, people in this city spend two hours on the way to work. 平均来说，这个城市的人们花两小时在上班路上。 2. 放在句中（主语和谓语之间，或谓语之后） These statues are on average about four meters tall. 这些石像平均约四米高。 3. 放在句末 These statues are about four meters tall on average. 这些石像平均约四米高。 【常见搭配】above / below average 高于/低于平均水平 His grades are above average in his class. 他的成绩在班里高于平均水平。 the average of... ……的平均数/平均值 The average of these numbers is 15. 这些数字的平均值是15。 ▶weigh 作动词，意为“有……重；重量为……”，后面直接接重量数字。 1. weigh + 数字 + 单位 重量为…… These statues weigh about 14 tons. 这些石像重约14吨。 2. weigh + 代词/名词 称……的重量 Can you weigh this bag for me? 你能帮我称一下这个包的重量吗？ 【拓展】weight（名词）重量 What is Daming’s weight? = What’s the weight of Daming? 大明的体重是多少？ I have put on/ have lost weight recently. 我最近胖了、瘦了。 知识点3：We can express possibility with expressions like It’s possible. 我们可以使用“It’s possible”等表达方式来表示可能性。 用法讲解： ▶possibility 作名词，意为“可能，可能性”，既作可数名词，也可作不可数名词。 【常见搭配】 There is a/no possibility of/that... 有/没有……的可能性 There is a high possibility of rain this afternoon. 今天下午下雨的可能性很大。 the possibility of (doing) sth （做）某事的可能性 We need to explore the possibility of completing the project on time. 我们需要探索按时完成项目的可能性。 explore/consider possibilities 探索/考虑各种可能性 【拓展】possible adj. 可能的； possibly adv. 可能地； impossible adj. 不可能的 知识点4: Their pretty traditional clothes danced to the singing sands of Dunhuang. 他们身着颇为传统的服饰，在敦煌的歌声与沙海间翩然起舞。 用法讲解： ▶  pretty 作形容词，意为“漂亮的，好看的”。比较级 prettier，最高级 prettiest。 The flowers in the garden are pretty. 花园里的花很漂亮。 She has a pretty face and a kind heart. 她有一张漂亮的脸和一颗善良的心。 The sunset tonight is even prettier than usual. 今晚的日落比平时还要美。 【辨析】pretty 与 beautiful pretty 侧重“小巧精致、赏心悦目”，语气较温和，常用于形容人或物的外表 beautiful 更正式、更强烈，带有“令人惊叹的美”的意味 ▶ pretty 还可作副词，意为“相当；十分；非常”，相当于 very 或 quite，常用来修饰形容词或副词原级，在口语中很常用。 The weather is pretty warm today. 今天天气相当暖和。 I'm pretty sure he'll come. 我相当确定他会来。 知识点5: This 2021 hanfu show was a big hit on the internet. 这场2021年汉服盛典在互联网上引发了热烈反响。 ▶hit 作名词时，在日常英语中，常用来表示“成功而轰动（或风行）一时的事物”，如歌曲、电影、戏剧、演出、产品或活动等。 a big hit 则表示“大受欢迎；风靡一时”。 The new restaurant is a big hit with local people. 这家新餐厅在当地人中很受欢迎。 The song became a huge/great hit around the world. 这首歌在全世界大受欢迎。 【拓展】make a hit 取得成功；大获成功 The young actor made a hit with his first film. 这位年轻演员凭借他的第一部电影大获成功。 ▶hit 也可以作动词，意为“打击；碰撞”，但在日常用语中，也常用来表示“达到”。 hit + 数字 达到（某数量或水平） Temperatures hit 40°C yesterday. 昨天温度达到了 40 摄氏度。 hit the road 上路；出发 We’d better hit the road before it gets dark. 我们最好在天黑之前出发。 知识点6: Reading about history is one thing, but seeing it before your eyes is another. 阅读历史是一回事，亲眼目睹历史则是另一回事。 用法讲解： ▶one thing... but another (thing)... 意为“一回事……但另一回事……”，用于对比两种不同的情况或体验，强调两者存在差异。 Talking about travel is one thing, but actually going on a trip is another. 谈论旅行是一回事，但真正去旅行是另一回事。 Memorizing words is one thing, but using them in sentences is another. =It’s one thing to memorize words, but it’s another to use them in sentences. 背单词是一回事，但在句子中使用它们是另一回事。 【拓展】one thing after another。含义：表示令人不悦的事情一件接一件地发生。 My car broke down, I lost my wallet, and now the rain is flooding my house. It's just one thing after another! 车坏了，钱包丢了，现在雨水又淹了房子。真是祸不单行啊！ 知识点7：With a little creativity, history becomes more than dry, hard-to-remember facts." 加上一点创意，历史就变得不仅仅是枯燥、难记的事实。 用法讲解： ▶more than 的具体用法： （1）意为“多于；超过”，相当于 over，反义词组为 less than（少于），后接数词、数量短语。 His father is more than 50 years old. 他的父亲50多岁了。 There are less than 500 students in our school. 我们学校的学生数量不到500。 （2）意为“不仅仅是；不只是”，后接名词、代词或动名词。 She is more than a teacher. She is also a singer. 她不仅仅是一位老师，她还是一名歌手。 ▶no more than 仅仅（强调数量少） The meeting lasted no more than 30 minutes. 会议只开了30分钟。 ▶not more than 不超过；至多 This phone costs not more than 2000 yuan. 这部手机不超过2000块钱。—— 暗示价格在2000以下或刚好2000。 知识点8: The past comes to life for us to see and feel. 往昔重现人间，让我们得以亲眼目睹、亲身感受。 ▶come to life 意思是“变得生动；苏醒过来；活了起来”。 The character came to life in the movie. 这个角色在电影中变得活灵活现。 【拓展】bring... to life（使……变得生动；令……栩栩如生） The special effects brought the dinosaurs to life. 特效让恐龙变得栩栩如生。 come alive（同义短语，表示“变得生动；充满活力”） The city comes alive at night. 这座城市在夜晚充满活力。 知识点9：Technology plays a role in bringing history alive. 科技在让历史“活”起来方面发挥着作用。 用法讲解： ▶ play a role in 还可意为“扮演角色”。后面通常跟名词或动名词，表示在某个领域、事件或情境中起作用或产生影响。role 前常加形容词（leading，important，active 等）进行修饰。 Police dogs play a role in helping the police find criminals. 警犬在帮助警察寻找罪犯方面发挥作用。 Teachers play an important role in teaching us knowledge. 老师肩负着传授我们知识的职责。 【拓展】同义短语：play a part in 在……中扮演……作用 Exercise plays an important part in maintaining good health. 锻炼在保持健康方面起着重要作用。 知识点10：Over the years, the Palace Museum has made many creative products out of its collections. 多年来，故宫博物院利用其馆藏文物创作了众多创意产品。 用法讲解： ▶creative 形容词，表示“有创造力的；有创意的；创作的”。 creative thinking 创造性思维 We need creative thinking to solve this problem. 我们需要运用创造性思维来解决这个问题。 creative person / mind 有创造力的人/头脑 He has a very creative mind. 他拥有非常富有创造力的思维。 知识点11：These products have started a fever for traditional culture among people of all ages. 这些产品在各个年龄段的人群中掀起了一股传统文化热。 用法讲解： ▶fever 作名词，意为“狂热，兴奋”。 【常见搭配】in a fever of excitement（处于兴奋的狂热状态）。 His passion for music has turned into a fever. 他对音乐的热爱变成了一种狂热。 The whole school is in a fever of excitement before the sports meeting. 运动会前，全校都处于兴奋的狂热中。 ▶ fever 还可意为“发烧”。 She has a fever and can't go to school today. 她发烧了，今天不能去上学。 【常见搭配】 have/run a(high) fever 发(高)烧 【拓展】常见疾病的表达 have a headache（头痛）—— 注意拼写，headache 是连在一起的 have a stomachache（胃痛/肚子痛） have a cold（感冒）—— 最常用 have a cough（咳嗽） have a sore throat（喉咙痛） 知识点12：People take pride in having these products. 人们为拥有这些产品而感到自豪。 用法讲解： ▶pride 作名词，意为“自豪，骄傲”。 【常见搭配】 the pride of... ……的骄傲 Anna was the pride of the school after she won the speech competition. 安娜赢得演讲比赛后，成了学校的骄傲。 take pride in... 以……为骄傲；因……而自豪（in 为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词） Rock takes pride in his work. 博克对自己的工作感到自豪。 a sense of pride 自豪感 I had a sense of pride after winning. 获胜之后我有一种自豪感。 【拓展】proud，意为“自豪的；骄傲的” be proud of... 以……为骄傲；因……而自豪 We are all proud of our motherland. 我们都为祖国自豪。 知识点13：Traditional designs, such as dragons, clouds and bats, have appeared on scarves, bags, fridge magnets and even pencils and erasers. 传统图案，如龙、云和蝙蝠，出现在了围巾、包包、冰箱贴甚至铅笔和橡皮擦上。 用法讲解： ▶for example 与 such as 的辨析 for example 一般只列举同类人或物中的“一个”为例子，作插入语，用逗号隔开，可置于句首、句中或句末 I'd like to keep a pet—a cat, for example. 我想养个宠物，例如，一只猫。 such as 一般列举同类人或物中的几个例子，不用逗号隔开，可与 like 互换 He knows many languages, such as Chinese and English. 他懂多种语言，如汉语和英语。 知识点14：History mirrors our past and carries our values. 历史映照着我们的过去，承载着我们的价值观。 用法讲解： ▶mirror 作动词，意为“反映；映照；与……极为相似”。 The novel mirrors the social problems of the time. 这本小说反映了那个时代的社会问题。 Her experiences mirror mine in many ways. 她的经历在许多方面与我的极为相似。 ▶carry 的深层含义，承载；传承；包含。 These traditions carry deep cultural meanings. 这些传统承载着深厚的文化意义。 carry on 继续；传承 We must carry on our cultural traditions. 我们必须传承我们的文化传统。 一、适当形式填空 1．So ________ (amaze) relics draw visitors from all over the world. 【答案】amazing 【详解】句意：因此令人惊叹的遗迹吸引了来自世界各地的游客。此处修饰名词relics，“遗迹”，指事物，需要使用以-ing结尾的形容词，amazing意为“令人惊叹的、令人惊奇的”，用来描述事物本身的属性特征。 2．We felt ________ (proud) of the great ancient inventions. 【答案】proud 【详解】句意：我们为这些伟大的古代发明感到自豪。felt是feel的过去式，后面需要接形容词作表语，proud本身就是形容词，不需要变形，feel proud of…表示“为……感到自豪”，是固定搭配，故填proud。 3．The old temple ________ (remain) standing after the heavy storm. 【答案】remained 【详解】句意：那座古庙在猛烈的暴风雨过后依然矗立着。句中“after the heavy storm”为时间状语，提示动作或状态发生在过去，应用一般过去时。remain的过去式属于规则变化，直接在词尾加-ed，故填remained。 4．His rich ________ (imagine) helps him write wonderful stories. 【答案】imagination 【详解】句意：他丰富的想象力帮助他创作出精彩的故事。rich（形容词，丰富的）：形容词后面需要修饰名词。 括号内imagine是动词，必须变为名词形式imagination“想象力”，是不可数名词。 5．She saved money so that she ________ (go) to visit Sanxingdui one day. 【答案】would go 【详解】句意：她存钱，为了将来有一天能去参观三星堆。主句是一般过去时（saved），从句时间状语是“one day”，所以要用过去将来时，结构为would+动词原形。所以填would go。 二、单项选择 1．—Mum, I have so many things to do this weekend. I don’t know what to do first. —It is good to make a plan. After all, time is ________ . A．long B．valuable C．boring 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——妈妈，这个周末我有很多事情要做。我不知道先做什么。——制定一个计划很好。毕竟，时间是宝贵的。 long长的；valuable宝贵的；boring无聊的。根据“It is good to make a plan.”可知，建议制定计划是因为时间很宝贵，应填valuable。 2．—The greatest miracle of life is the birth of a new baby. —Yes, it represents a beautiful beginning full of ________. A．possible B．possibility C．possibilities 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——生命中最大的奇迹是一个新婴儿的诞生。——是的，它代表了一个充满无限可能的美好开端。 possible可能的；possibility可能性；possibilities可能性（复数）。根据“full of”可知，后接名词，结合语境“新生命代表美好的开端”，暗示有多种未来发展的可能性，常用复数形式possibilities。 3．Nezha 2 is a big ________ all over the world, so don’t miss the chance to watch it on the big screen. A．change B．choice C．hit D．check 【答案】C 【详解】句意：《哪吒2》在全世界都是一个巨大的轰动，所以不要错过在大屏幕上观看它的机会。 change变化；choice选择；hit成功之作，轰动；check检查。根据“so don’t miss the chance to watch it on the big screen”可知，这部电影非常受欢迎，a big hit意为“巨大的成功/轰动”，符合语境。 4．Football ________ has spread across the country since the World Cup began. A．illness B．fever C．sadness D．trouble 【答案】B 【详解】句意：自世界杯开幕以来，足球热已经席卷了全国。 illness疾病；fever狂热、热潮；sadness悲伤；trouble麻烦。结合句中“世界杯开幕”的背景，这里描述的是足球相关的全民热潮，‌football fever‌是固定搭配，意为“足球热”，符合语境，应填fever。 5．—What do you think of the car, Jack? —It looks so nice. ________, it’s not too expensive. A．However B．Whatever C．Besides D．What’s worse 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你觉得这辆车怎么样，杰克？——它看起来很棒。此外，它也不太贵。 However然而；Whatever无论什么；Besides此外；What’s worse更糟糕的是。根据“It looks so nice”以及“it’s not too expensive”可知，前后两句都是在陈述车的优点，属于递进关系，因此用Besides表示“此外”。故选C。 三、完成句子 1．历史从未如此贴近人们的日常生活。   History has never been so __________ to people’s daily __________. 【答案】 close lives 【详解】原句中第一空“贴近”是关键词，表示“贴近”的英文是close，符合固定搭配be close to“离……近”，第二空“生活”是关键词，表示“生活”的英文是lives，people是复数概念，life对应变为复数lives。 2．许多人认为，第一批人在1000多年前到达复活节岛并建造了这些石像。   Many believe that the first people arrived on Easter Island over ________ years ago and built the statues. 【答案】1,000 【详解】原句中“1000”是关键词，可以直接用数字1,000表示“一千”。 3．石像的大头看起来很有趣。   The big ________ of the statues look ________. 【答案】 heads interesting 【详解】原句中“头”和“很有趣”是关键词。“头”用head表示，根据谓语动词look是原形可知，主语是复数，故第①空填heads。第②空位于系动词look后面，需用形容词作表语；“很有趣”用interesting表示，故第②空填interesting。 4．The first people arrived on Easter Island over 1,000 years ago. 一般疑问句：___________________________ 肯定回答：_______________ 否定回答：_______________ 【答案】 Did the first people arrive on Easter Island over 1,000 years ago? Yes, they did. No, they didn’t. 【详解】句意：一千多年前，第一批人抵达了复活节岛。原句为一般过去时，实义动词作谓语，变一般疑问句需在句首加助动词Did，谓语动词还原为原形arrive；作答时用they 指代主语the first people，肯定回答遵循“Yes, 主语 + did”的结构，否定回答遵循“No, 主语 + didn’t”的结构，时态与问句保持一致。 5．人们走在街上；马慢慢行走；船只沿河移动。   People walk on the __________; horses walk __________; boats move along the river. 【答案】 street slowly 【详解】原句中“在街上”“慢慢”是关键词，表示“街道”常用street，搭配on the street；表示“慢慢地”用副词slowly，修饰动词walk。故填street；slowly。 4、 完形填空 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 During the Three Kingdoms Period, Liu Bei and Sun Quan joined forces to fight 1 Cao Cao. Zhou Yu, the commander of Sun Quan’s army, was jealous (妒忌的) of Zhuge Liang’s 2 . He asked Zhuge Liang to make 100,000 arrows 3 10 days, or face punishment. “Three days is 4 ,” Zhuge Liang said confidently. He also asked his friend Lu Su 5 him 20 boats, each filled with straw scarecrows. He told Lu Su 6 to tell Zhou Yu about his plan. On the early morning of the third day, a thick fog covered the river. Zhuge Liang ordered the boats for Cao Cao’s camp. The soldiers on the boats shouted and beat drums loudly 7 they were attacking. Cao Cao’s soldiers could 8 see clearly in the fog. They thought it was a real attack and quickly 9 thousands of arrows at the straw scarecrows. Soon, the scarecrows were 10 of arrows. Zhuge Liang then ordered the boats to turn around. When the fog lifted, his soldiers returned to their camp with more than 100,000 arrows. Zhou Yu was amazed and had to admit that Zhuge Liang was truly a genius. 1．A．for B．against C．to D．by 2．A．looks B．height C．family D．talent 3．A．after B．before C．in D．since 4．A．enough B．long C．short D．more 5．A．to make B．to lend C．to invent D．to borrow 6．A．don’t B．not C．never D．no 7．A．as if B．so that C．because D．though 8．A．easily B．hardly C．always D．almost 9．A．shot B．pointed C．shouted D．laughed 10．A．filled B．full C．covered D．afraid 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．B 7．A 8．B 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文讲述了中国历史上著名的“草船借箭”的故事。周瑜嫉妒诸葛亮的才华，命其十天造十万支箭。诸葛亮利用大雾天气，用草船向曹军成功“借”箭，令周瑜心服口服。 【详解】1．句意：三国时期，刘备和孙权联合起来对抗曹操。 根据“joined forces to fight”和历史常识，可知是联合起来对抗曹操，此处使用搭配fight against，意为“对抗，与……作战”。for“为了”、to“向”、by“被”搭配不符。 2．句意：孙权军队的统帅周瑜嫉妒诸葛亮的才华。 根据后文“Zhou Yu was amazed and had to admit that Zhuge Liang was truly a genius.”可知周瑜承认诸葛亮是个天才，此处表示周瑜嫉妒诸葛亮的才华，对应talent。looks“容貌”、height“身高”、family“家庭”均不符合逻辑。 3．句意：他要求诸葛亮在10天内造出10万支箭，否则将面临惩罚。 根据“or face punishment”可知，周瑜给诸葛亮限定了完成任务的时间，“in +时间段”可表示“在……时间内”，符合语境。after“在……之后”、before“在……之前”、since“自从”语义不符。 4．句意：“三天就足够了，”诸葛亮自信地说。 根据后文“When the fog lifted, his soldiers returned to their camp with more than 100,000 arrows.”可知诸葛亮在第三天就顺利完成了任务，此处表示他认为三天时间造十万支箭已经足够了，对应enough。long“长的”、short“短的”、more“更多的”语义不符。 5．句意：他还请他的朋友鲁肃借给他20条船，每条船上装满草人。 根据“each filled with straw scarecrows”可知诸葛亮向鲁肃借船，对鲁肃来说动作是“借出”，使用搭配lend sb. sth.，意为“借给某人某物”。to make“制作”、to invent“发明”、to borrow“借入”语境不符。 6．句意：他告诉鲁肃不要把他的计划告诉周瑜。 此处使用搭配tell sb. not to do sth.，意为“告诉某人不要做某事”，可知此处应填not来构成动词不定式的否定形式。don’t“不要”是助动词，never“从不”、no“没有”搭配不符。 7．句意：船上的士兵们一边大声呐喊，一边用力击鼓，摆出一副好像正在发起进攻的架势。 根据“They thought it was a real attack”可知诸葛亮并不是真的要进攻曹操，而是制造声势假装进攻，所以是“好像”在进攻，as if符合语义。so that“以便”、because“因为”、though“虽然”逻辑不符。 8．句意：曹操的士兵在大雾里几乎看不清任何东西。 根据前文“a thick fog covered the river”可知，江面有大雾，所以曹军很难看清江面的真实情况，hardly意为“几乎不”，符合语境。easily“容易地”、always“总是”、almost“几乎”语义矛盾或不符。 9．句意：他们以为这是一次真正的进攻，迅速向草人射出成千上万支箭。 根据后文“thousands of arrows”可知，曹军向草人射箭，shoot arrows at…意为“向……射箭”，shot是shoot的过去式。pointed“指向”、shouted“呼喊”、laughed“大笑”语境不符。 10．句意：很快，草人上插满了箭。 根据空后的介词“of”可知此处使用搭配be full of…，意为“充满……”，可知草人上插满了箭。filled“填满”和covered“覆盖”搭配错误；afraid“害怕的”语义不符。 5、 任务型阅读 Sugar painting, as the name suggests, is a painting made of sugar. It’s sugar for us to taste, and a painting for us to admire. In the Warring States Period (战国时期), the ancient people loved sweets and developed ways of producing sugar. In the Tang Dynasty, the technology of making sugar improved. And sugar went into common people’s homes. With the cultural and economic development of the Song and Yuan dynasties, people became less interested in only tasting sugar. Then, in the Ming Dynasty, some people added pictures with good luck to the bowl of sugar, and sugar painting appeared. Sugar painting is different from common painting. Sugar painters use syrup (糖浆) as the material, a spoon as the“paintbrush”, and a smooth table as the“paper”. To make syrup, they have to heat the sugar before painting. Because syrup may become hard if it cools, the painters have to produce the work very quickly. They move the spoon full of syrup up and down, left and right. Soon a sugar painting is done. However, it’s a pity that the art of sugar painting is dying recently. In the past, sugar paintings came in different shapes. But now, because fewer people buy them, their styles are becoming simpler and simpler. What’s worse, few people want to pass on the art except those old sugar painters. For most people, the art of painting is difficult to understand. However, sugar painting brings the art into people’s daily lives. It shows the spiritual pursuit (精神追求) of the ancient people. And it is a part of China’s intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产). So, the art should be remembered, cherished and passed on. 阅读下面短文，并用英语回答问题 (请注意每小题的词数要求)。 1．When did sugar painting appear? (不超过5个词) 2．Why do the painters have to produce the work very quickly? (不超过10个词) 3．What can you do to help pass on the art of sugar painting? (不超过15个词) 【答案】1．In the Ming Dynasty. 2．Because syrup may become hard if it cools. 3．I can learn how to make sugar painting and share it with my friends./I can buy sugar paintings more often to support the artists. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了糖画的定义、历史起源、制作过程、现状以及传承意义。 【详解】1．第二段末尾写明：“Then, in the Ming Dynasty, some people added pictures with good luck to the bowl of sugar, and sugar painting appeared.”，直接说明糖画出现的朝代。 2．第三段中间部分提到：“Because syrup may become hard if it cools, the painters have to produce the work very quickly.”，由此得出画师要快速作画的原因。 3．本题为开放性问答，答案不唯一；围绕传承糖画艺术作答，控制词数15词内，示例答案合理可行。 1．本节课核心知识（结合课堂知识总结）：_________________________________________________ 2．今日错题 / 不懂的内容：_______________________________________________________________ 3．出错 / 听不懂的原因：□概念不会 □审题马虎 □思路没掌握 □其他________________________ 4．我的改进小计划： _________________________________________________________________________________________ $