2027届高三英语二轮复习专项 阅读理解D篇议论文（六）

新高三英语 二轮复习专项｜阅读理解D篇 议论文 话题预览（外刊时文） Passage 1 Topic: The hidden cost of constant praise 过度表扬的隐性代价 Passage 2 Topic: Shallow reading in the digital age 数字时代的浅阅读困境 Passage 3 Topic: Slow thinking matters in fast-paced life 快节奏生活里，慢思考的价值 Passage 4 Topic: Why boredom benefits creativity 无聊为何能激发创造力 Passage 1 Topic: The hidden cost of constant praise 过度表扬的隐性代价 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Many parents and teachers believe frequent praise helps build children’s confidence. They often tell kids “You are so smart!” whenever children finish a task well. However, some psychologists warn that such unconditional praise may produce unexpected harmful results. In a classic experiment, researchers divided students into two groups to solve challenging puzzles. Group One received praise for their intelligence, like “You’re clever.” Group Two was praised for their efforts, such as “You worked really hard.” When given harder puzzles later, most kids in Group One gave up quickly. They feared failing would prove they were not smart. In contrast, children praised for effort regarded failure as a chance to learn and kept trying. Praising ability sends a message that talent is fixed. Once they meet difficulties, children tend to avoid challenges to protect their self-image. By comparison, praise focused on effort helps kids develop a growth mindset. It lets them know progress comes from hard work rather than inborn gifts. This does not mean we should stop praising children totally. Instead, adults need to change what they choose to praise. Proper praise should describe children’s specific actions instead of commenting on their natural talent. It focuses on the process rather than the final result. This small change in words can greatly influence how young people face difficulties in later life. 1. What is the common belief of many parents and teachers? A. Kids should not receive too much praise. B. Frequent praise can raise children’s confidence. C. Praise for effort is better than praise for ability. D. Failure is a valuable chance for kids to learn. 2. What happened to students praised for intelligence in the experiment? A. They kept trying when puzzles became harder. B. They considered talent something changeable. C. They were unwilling to accept difficult challenges. D. They performed much better on simple puzzles. 3. What does the underlined phrase “growth mindset” in paragraph 3 refer to? A. The belief that abilities can be improved through efforts. B. The habit of avoiding difficult and risky tasks. C. The opinion that talent decides one’s final success. D. The ability to build self-image without others’ praise. 4. Which of the following is a suitable way to praise a child? A. You are born talented in painting. B. You are the cleverest student in class. C. You finished this project with great patience. D. You are lucky to solve the math problem. Passage 2 Topic: Shallow reading in the digital age 数字时代的浅阅读困境 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Nowadays, most people spend plenty of time reading short posts, news headlines and brief videos online. This kind of quick, fragmented reading is called shallow reading. Many people think they are gaining lots of information every day, but researchers argue shallow reading cannot replace deep reading. Deep reading requires slow, continuous attention. When we read long texts carefully, our brain carries out complex activities: imagining scenes, judging arguments and connecting new knowledge with past experience. However, digital algorithms are designed to offer short and attractive content. They train our brain to look for quick rewards. Gradually, many people find it harder to concentrate on long articles or complex books. This does not mean digital reading is completely useless. Short online texts can quickly inform us of daily events. The real problem is the imbalance. Many people spend almost all their reading time on shallow materials and leave no time for deep reading. Deep reading is necessary for critical thinking. Without it, we can hardly tell reliable information from misleading content online. Experts suggest simple ways to balance reading habits. We can set fixed time for reading full-length books, and turn off social media reminders during that period. Only by keeping deep reading alive can we keep our independent thinking ability in the digital world. 1. What do many people think of their online reading? A. It wastes too much spare time. B. It helps them get abundant information. C. It improves their concentration greatly. D. It can develop critical thinking skills. 2. What is the feature of deep reading? A. It focuses on short and interesting stories. B. It needs continuous and slow attention. C. It depends on attractive online algorithms. D. It offers instant rewards for readers. 3. What is the main problem caused by over-reliance on shallow reading? A. People lose the ability of deep thinking. B. People have no way to know daily news. C. People refuse to use digital devices. D. People can easily judge false information. 4. What is the experts’ advice on reading? A. Stop all online reading completely. B. Only read printed books every day. C. Arrange special time for full-length reading. D. Read as much short online content as possible. Passage 3 Topic: Slow thinking matters in fast-paced life 快节奏生活里，慢思考的价值 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Modern society values speed highly. We admire quick replies, fast decisions and instant results. Many people believe making choices rapidly shows intelligence. However, psychologists point out that fast thinking works well for simple daily matters, while complex problems require slow thinking. Fast thinking operates automatically. It relies on feelings and past experience. It helps us judge simple situations quickly, such as noticing danger on the road. Slow thinking, by contrast, is effortful and deliberate. It needs us to analyze facts, weigh different choices and check hidden mistakes. When we face important decisions like career plans or long-term investments, slow thinking is irreplaceable. The love for speed pushes many people to use fast thinking for everything. They rush to draw conclusions without checking evidence. This habit leads to blind judgments and regrettable decisions. Being slow does not equal being stupid. Slowing down gives our brain space to find logical faults we may miss at first sight. This does not mean we should reject fast thinking entirely. The two thinking ways are partners. The key is to tell when to use which. For small daily things, quick thinking saves time. For important, complex matters, we need to stop and think slowly. 1. What is widely valued in modern society? A. Logical analysis. B. Quick speed. C. Careful checking. D. Long-time planning. 2. What can we learn about fast thinking? A. It needs much conscious effort. B. It is suitable for complex decisions. C. It works based on feelings and experience. D. It helps find mistakes in our reasoning. 3. What result may overusing fast thinking bring? A. Wise long-term decisions. B. Blind and hasty judgments. C. Better control of our emotion. D. Stronger analytical ability. 4. What is the author’s main idea? A. Fast thinking is more valuable than slow thinking. B. We should refuse fast thinking in daily life. C. Slow thinking fits all kinds of decision-making. D. We should choose proper thinking ways for different situations. Passage 4 Topic: Why boredom benefits creativity 无聊为何能激发创造力 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Most people see boredom as an uncomfortable feeling to avoid. Whenever they have free time, they pick up phones to watch videos or chat, trying to fill every quiet minute. But recent studies show boredom can serve as a source of creative thought. In one research, scientists asked two groups of volunteers to complete a creative task. Group One sat quietly doing nothing and felt bored first. Group Two played simple games to stay busy. The bored group produced far more creative ideas. When our brain has no outside task to deal with, it starts to make connections between different memories and ideas. This state is called mind-wandering, which is closely linked to creativity. Boredom does not equal laziness. It is a state where external stimulation disappears. Without incoming information from the outside world, our brain turns inward. Many famous creative works came into being when creators had quiet, boring moments. However, constant excitement from short videos stops this inner mental activity. Our brain keeps receiving outside signals and has no chance to wander freely. Boredom is not something we need to escape. It offers our brain a valuable rest and a chance for creative thinking. Next time when you feel bored, try putting down your phone and enjoy the quiet moment. 1. What do most people usually do when they feel bored? A. Sit quietly and let their mind wander. B. Try to fill the time with digital activities. C. Do creative tasks to kill time. D. Carry out scientific experiments. 2. What happened to the bored volunteers in the study? A. They gave up the creative task quickly. B. They produced more creative ideas. C. They felt extremely lazy and sleepy. D. They preferred simple games to thinking. 3. What is mind-wandering according to the text? A. The brain connecting different memories and ideas. B. The habit of refusing all outside information. C. The feeling of tiredness after hard creative work. D. The action of finishing tasks without concentration. 4. What is the author’s attitude towards boredom? A. Negative. B. Doubtful. C. Objective. D. Uncaring. 参考答案与详细解析 答案速查 Passage1：1.B 2.C 3.A 4.C Passage2：1.B 2.B 3.A 4.C Passage3：1.B 2.C 3.B 4.D Passage4：1.B 2.B 3.A 4.C Passage 1 解析 1. 答案B 句意：许多家长和老师普遍持什么看法？ 原文定位：第1段第1句 Many parents and teachers believe frequent praise helps build children’s confidence. 解析：很多家长老师认为频繁表扬能建立孩子自信。A与原文观点相反；C是心理学家的观点，不是大众看法；D属于实验结论。 2. 答案C 句意：实验中那些因智力受到表扬的学生会怎么样？ 原文定位：第2段 When given harder puzzles later, most kids in Group One gave up quickly. They feared failing would prove they were not smart. 解析：被夸奖聪明的孩子遇到难题容易放弃，不愿接受挑战。A是被表扬努力的学生；B、D文中无依据。 3. 答案A 句意：第3段划线短语growth mindset指什么？ 原文定位：第3段 Praising ability sends a message that talent is fixed... praise focused on effort helps kids develop a growth mindset. It lets them know progress comes from hard work rather than born gifts. 解析：成长型思维相信能力可以通过努力提升。B、C属于固定型思维；D文中没有提到不需要他人表扬。 4. 答案C 句意：下面哪一项是合适的表扬方式？ 原文定位：第4段 Proper praise should describe children’s specific actions instead of commenting on their natural talent. 解析：表扬具体行为、过程，而非天赋。A、B、D都夸奖天生天赋或运气，不符合。 Passage 2 解析 1. 答案B 句意：很多人如何看待他们的线上阅读？ 原文定位：第1段 Many people think they are gaining lots of information every day 解析：人们认为线上碎片化阅读可以获取大量信息。A、C、D都和原文表述相反。 2. 答案B 句意：深度阅读的特点是什么？ 原文定位：第2段第1句 Deep reading requires slow, continuous attention. 解析：深度阅读需要持续、缓慢的专注。A、D是浅阅读特点；C数字算法和深度阅读无关。 3. 答案A 句意：过度依赖浅阅读会带来什么主要问题？ 原文定位：第3段 Deep reading is necessary for critical thinking. Without it, we can hardly tell reliable information from misleading content online. 解析：缺少深度阅读，人们失去深度思考、批判性思考能力。B、C表述完全错误；D与原文相反。 4. 答案C 句意：专家对于阅读的建议是什么？ 原文定位：第4段 We can set fixed time for reading full-length books 解析：专门留出时间阅读长篇读物。A完全禁止线上阅读、B只读纸质书过于绝对；D大量读短篇内容是作者提醒要控制的行为。 Passage 3 解析 1. 答案B 句意：现代社会普遍推崇什么？ 原文定位：第1段第1句 Modern society values speed highly. 解析：现代社会高度看重速度。A、C、D是慢思考的特征。 2. 答案C 句意：关于快思考我们可以得知什么？ 原文定位：第2段 Fast thinking operates automatically. It relies on feelings and past experience. 解析：快思考依靠直觉感受与过往经验。A、D属于慢思考；B错误，快思考不适合复杂决定。 3. 答案B 句意：过度使用快思考会带来什么结果？ 原文定位：第3段 They rush to draw conclusions without checking evidence. This habit leads to blind judgments and regrettable decisions. 解析：容易造成草率、盲目的判断。A、C、D均为正向结果，与原文相反。 4. 答案D 句意：作者的主旨是什么？ 原文定位：第4段 The key is to tell when to use which. For small daily things, quick thinking saves time. For important, complex matters, we need to stop and think slowly. 解析：我们要根据不同场景选用合适的思考方式。A、B、C表述片面、绝对。 Passage 4 解析 1. 答案B 句意：大多数人无聊的时候通常会做什么？ 原文定位：第1段 Whenever they have free time, they pick up phones to watch videos or chat, trying to fill every quiet minute. 解析：人们拿起手机刷视频聊天，用数字化活动填满空闲时间。A是文中推荐做法，不是大多数人的行为；C、D无原文支撑。 2. 答案B 句意：实验里感到无聊的志愿者出现什么情况？ 原文定位：第2段 The bored group produced far more creative ideas. 解析：处于无聊的受试群体想出更多创意想法。A、C、D和原文信息不符。 3. 答案A 句意：根据文章，mind-wandering是什么？ 原文定位：第2段 When our brain has no outside task to deal with, it starts to make connections between different memories and ideas. This state is called mind-wandering 解析：心智漫游指大脑主动在不同记忆、想法之间建立关联。B表述绝对；C、D概念曲解。 4. 答案C 句意：作者对无聊是什么态度？ 原文定位：全篇，作者既指出大众对无聊的误解，又客观介绍无聊带来创造力的作用，没有全盘否定或一味吹捧。 解析：objective 客观的。A消极的；B怀疑的；D漠不关心的，均不符合。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $