专题01 选择性必修第一册Unit 1 单元词汇短语句型语法梳理（期中图片版知识清单）高二英语上学期沪外版

选择性必修第一册Unit1 必记核心词汇（1) ※1.dishonour n.不名誉、不光彩、丢脸； V.使丧失名誉、使蒙羞 2.dignity n.尊严、自尊、高贵 3.exhausted adj.筋疲力尽的、 疲惫不堪的； V.使筋疲力尽、耗尽 4.sustainable adj,可持续的、不破坏生态平衡的 0-0-0-0-0- ※5.frequently adv..频繁地、经常 9e888 6.trialn.考验、试验、审讯、审判； v./n.try尝试、努力、试验 ※7.compose v.撰写；创作；组成 8.acquire v.获得、习得、取得 9.experiment n.实验、试验 10.compound n.化合物；复合物 ad复合的、化合的 11.gather v.采集、收集；聚集 12.defeat v.击败、战胜；n.失败、战败 ※13.process n.做事方法、工艺流程、工序；过程 V.加工、处理 14.press v.(被)压、挤、推、施加压力； n.报刊杂志、印刷媒体 15.conduct n.（人的)行为、举止； V.组织、安排、实施、执行 选择性必修第一册Unit1 必记核心词汇+高频短语（2) 核心词汇变 高频短语 16.virtue n. 1.be limited to sth 高尚的道德、 正直的品性 局限于某物 德行、美德 2.It occurs/happens that.. 碰巧… 17.profound adj. 知识渊博的、理解深刻的 3.illustrate one's point 深邃的、意义深远的 解释某人的观点 18.leap n./v. 4.acquire a taste for poetry 跳跃、跳高；飞跃 喜欢上诗歌 ※5.be familiar with ※19.persist v. NEVER GIVE UP 熟悉… 顽强地坚持、执着地做、 持续存在 6.compose poetry 创作诗歌 20.patriotic adj. 爱国的 ※7.be composed of.. 由…组成 8.be delighted with... 对…很满意 9.patriotic feeling 爱国情感 10.learn...by heart 背诵；牢记 肩4卫 选择性必修第一册Unit1必记高频短语(3) 11.aid sb in sth在某方面辅助某人 12.somehow got known不知怎么的被流传开来水图 13.read...with great care认真阅读 14.work until late at night工作到很晚 15.experimental science实验科学 16.no more than five仅仅/只不过才五岁 5 17.take turns doing/todo.轮流做某事 18.a sense of dignity尊严感 19.a sense of achievement/guilt成就感/罪恶感 20.lose face丢脸 ※21.even though/if即使 22.shame/dishonour sb使…丢脸 23.suffer a cruel fate遭受残酷的命运 24.suffer defeat遭遇失败 25.suffer from a bad cold得重感冒 选择性必修第一册Unit1 必记高频短语(4) 26.defeat his opponents战胜他的竞争对手 27.cease(使)停止，终止 (STOP 28.be made of...由…组成 + 29.as straight as.像一样直 30.be bent into a circle背弯曲成-个圆 31.the bending process弯曲过程 1008 32.without fault不会出错 33.spend the whole day in thought花一整天思考 34.of less value没有什么价值 35.in the distance在远处；在远方 36.as though/asif似乎，好像 ※37.make use of利用得 38.manage to get across设法渡过；设法讲清楚 39.pile up堆积起来 40.rise up上升，起飞 41.good deed好的行为 ※42.consist in/iein在于；存在于 选择性必修第一册Unit1 必考核心句型+语法(5) ##核心句型 1.It was in the fields that I learned how to knock birds out of the sky with a slingshot. 正是在田野里，我学会了如何用弹号把鸟从空中打下来。（强调句） 2.The fact that we worked on chemistry somehow got known at school. 我们学习化学这件事不知怎么在学校传开了。（侗位语从句） 3.Since his childhood,Deng Jiaxian had been under the influence of his father. 自幼年起，邓稼先是深受其父亲的影响。 (过去完成时) 4.I will be working for my country soon. 我很快就会为我的国家工作。（将来进行时） 5.Our motherland has been suffering from the Japanese attack for so long. 我们的祖国已经遣受日本侵略这么长时间了。（现在完成进行时） ##重点语法 ##1.【高频必考】过去完成时 Had done ·概念：表示“过去的过去”，即过去某个时间/动作前已经完成的 动作/状态 Past 1 Past2 ,构成：had+过去分词；否定hadn't done;疑问Had sb done? ·【必考句型】 ①This/It was the first/..time that sb had done sth.某人第几次做某事 ②hardly/scarcely..when…/no sooner...than..一…就…（主句过去完成时，从句- 般过去时) ###2.【高频易错】现在完成进行时 .构成：have/has been doing ·用法：侧重动作从过去持续到现在，可能继续，强调过程；不与 次数连用，心理、喜好、拥有类静态动词不适用 和现在完成时区别：现在完成时强调动作结果/次数；现在完成进行时强调动作持续过程 ##3.【中频考点】将来进行时 TOMORROW ·构成：will/shall be doing Meeting at ·用法：将来某时刻正在进行的动作；按计划即将 10AM UNIT 1 发生的安排；委婉询问将来动作 ·和一般将来时区别：将来进行时单纯表将来动作，语气更委婉； 必考 般将来时可表主观意愿、打算 必记高频派生词（1) 考点：词类转换（派生词）一最高频 1.※frequently adv.频繁地；经常→frequent ad.频繁的 →frequency n.频率；发生率 2.recite v.背诵→recitation n.背诵；朗诵 3.trial n.考验；审讯→tryv.尝试；审理 4.educator n.教育工作者→educate v.教育→ education n.教育→educational adj教育的 5.Polish adj.波兰的→Poland n.波兰 6.※poetry n.诗歌（总称）→poet n.诗人→ poem n.（一首)诗→poetic adj.诗意的 7.compose v.撰写；组成→composition n. 作文；作品→composer n.作曲家 8.patriotic adj.爱国的→patriot n.爱国者→ patriotism n.爱国主义 9.※acquire v.获得；习得→acquisition n.获得；习得 10.willingly adv..愿意地→willing ad,愿意的→ unwilling ad.不愿意的（反义） 11.experiment n./u.实验→experimental adj.实验性的 experimentation n.实验过程 么1 12.gasn.气体→gaseous adj..气态的 13.practically adv.实际地；几乎→practical ad,实际的 practice n.实践；练习 14.gather.采集；聚集→gathering n.聚会；聚集 15.wire n.电线→wireless adj.无线的 必记高频派生词(2)+易混词义&语法辨析 模块1词类转换（派生词）一最高频 16.unruly ad.难以控制的→rule n.规则 17.unseat v.罢免；使摔下→seat n.座位 ※18.embarrass.使尷尬→embarrassed adj,(人)感到尴尬的→ embarrassing adj.(物)令人尴尬的→embarrassment n.尴尬 19.dignity n.尊严→dignified adj.有尊严的 20.suffer v.遭受→suffering n.痛苦→sufferer n.患者；受苦者 模块2易混辨析（表格表头采用浅蓝/浅绿/浅粉交替色块） 辨折01 persist/insist(坚持) 辨析02 defeat/beat/win(赢；击败) 词/词语 用法 例句 词/词语 用法 例句 persist persist in(doing)sth: He persisted in defeat 宾摄是人/对手/军He defeated his 侧重克服困康唑持行动 carrying out the 队，正式， 可作名词 opponents in the trial. experiment. insist on(doing)sth 宾是人/队伍；还We beat their team beat insist /insist that从句 He insisted that 有"敲打”含义 in the competition. 坚持观点/主张 he was right. 宾语是奖品、比赛 He won the first prize 记亿：persist坚持微，insist坚持说；persist in行动，insist win 战争；不能接人 in the contest. on主张。 记忆：beat/defeat打败人，win赢得奖/饔事。 耕折03 be familiar with/be familiar to(傲悉) 词/词语 用法 例句 辨析04 suffer/suffer from(遭受) be familiar with 词/词语 用法 例句 主语是人，人熟悉 He is familiar with suffer 直接接寅语：灾滩、失They suffered a 某物 this chemical 败、损失，不加from heavy defeat. process. suffer 后接疾病、长期困扰， He suffers from be familiar to from from不可省略 poor eyesight. 主语是事物， 某物 The poem is R2 为人所霸知 familiar to all 记忆：suffer直接接灾难：suffer from长期病痛。 students. 辨析06过去完成时/现在完成进行时 记忆：人+be familiar with+物；物+be familiar to+人。 过去完成时 过去的过去：以另 He had acquired had done 个过去动作为参照 knowledge before he 辨折05 be composed of/consist of(由…组成) did did the experiment. 现在克成进行时 过去持辣到哪在，动 He has been doing 词/词语 用法 例句 have/has been doing作仍可能继镤 research for ten years. be composed of 记忆：过去完碗时，过去的过去：现完进行时，持续萄现左还楚续。 madeof 29 棱动构，整体由 The mixture is 耕析07强调句VS同位语从句 部分构成 composed of three materials. 词/词语 用法 例句 强调句 It was-that… 去掉It was..that It was persistence consist of that helped him consists of It was persirtence helped 句子依然完整 succeed. © 无被动话态， that"him succeed The team consists =be composed of of five students. 同俭语从句 The fact that he fact/truth that that不做成分 succeeded surprised The fact=that he succeeded 解拜葫面名词内容 u5. 记忆：be composed of用被动；consist of无被动，含义相同。 记忆：蚕调句去掉框架句子完整；同位语从句解释名词内春。 高频考点对应题型清单 建议题量 题型 考查内容 示例 /难度 根据汉语/首字母写出： exhausted(n,精疲力竭的) 词汇拼写+ 单词拼写 词义 persist(.坚持) 10题/★ patriotic(adj.爱国的) 单句语法 词形变化+ He persisted carrying 填空 搭配 10题/★ out the experiment.(in) 他坚持认为自己是对的： 完成句子 句型运用 He insisted that. 8题/★★ (he was right) 从方框选：persist,insist,defeat,, 选词填空 词义辨析+ familiar 8题/★★ (方框选词) 词形变化 He is with this chemical process. (familiar） 固定搭配、时 He joined the club last CLUB 单句改错 态、形近词、 8题/★★ 从句错误 year.(去掉in) 2 尽管筋疲力尽，他仍然继续做实验。 句子翻译 短语、时态、 (Even though he was (汉译英) 6题/★★★ 高级句型 exhausted,he kept doing the experiment.) TEST 高中英语单元核心解题技巧 (客观题 题型 审题要点 解题策略 高频失分坑 ①划题干关键词：人名 ①细节题：题干关键词回原文 ①信息定位偏差：找 数宇、名词、特殊疑问词； 定位，找同义替换，原句照 到近似句子就选，未 分清细节/推断/词义/主旨 搬多是干扰项 ⑦→ 核对完整逻辑 目 四类题 ②推断题：不选原文直接 ②看清限定词：not 陈述句，要基于文本合理推 ②偷换概念：时态、 阅读 /except/according to /in (本单元常考persistent 对象被换（把过去说 理解 the author's opinion /patriotic/virtuous品质) 成现在) ③出现单元主题词dignity ③词义题：用同位语、定语从 ③忽略否定词 /persist/acquire 句、转折but/however、举例 not/except,.选反了答 /sustainable/process for example;:注意熟词生义 案 优先回文定位 (process n..过程→v.加工； conduct v.实施→n.行为) ①通读全文，把握主题 ①词汇复现：原词、同义词、 ①只看局部句子匹配， (学习/科学/人物故事/ 同范畴词(acquire 忽略整段逻辑 观点说理) /persist/virtue/patriotic) 留 ②看逻辑信号词： ②代词无指代： ②观察空格位置：段首（住 it/they/this在前文找 七选五 however/although转折， 旨)/段中（细节）/段尾 therefore/so因果，for 不到对象就选 (总结·过渡) instance举例，besides递 ③选项内容对，但与本 ③标记选项代词，确认前后 进 段话题无关 有指代对象 ③段首空读全段提炼中心； 段尾空承接上文并引出下文 ①先跳过空通读全文，把提 ①优先抓上下文线素：答案 ①只看单句翻译选答案， 主线（人物经历/科学实验 常在前后1-2句，不在本 忽略上下文 /学习感悟) 句 ②易混词混淆：persist 完形 ②兼顾词义、搭配、情感 ②因定搭配优先：be 坚持vs insist坚决主张； 填空 色彩、上下文线索，不孤立 composed of/be familiar defeat vs beat vs win 做空 with/persist in/suffer ③固定搭配误用：介词 ③关注单元易混词： from /make use of 选错(compose of写成 join/join in/take part in; ③辨褒贬、辨动宾逻辑 compose from) anxious/curious ④时态视角：过去完成时判 ④时态未辨“过去的过 断动作先后 去”，动词形式出错 高中英语长难句拆解 &考试避坑指南 题型 识别标志 拆分步骤 高频失分坑 (审题，浅蓝底色块) (解题，浅灰底色块) (浅橙底色块) ①强调句：t is/was...that/who ①划谓语，找主句谓 ①混淆同位语从句 去掉后句子完整 语 与定语从句 ②同位语从句：抽象名 ②剥离从句：定语、 ②翻译颠倒动作先 长难句 词fact/the truth+ 同位语、状语从句 后（过去完成时动 分析 that(that不作成分， ③识别特殊句型： 作先于另一过去动 解释名词内容) It was the first time 作) ③时态标志：by the time that sb had done; ③强调句that /since/.for+时间段○ hardly..when. 误换which 户考试避坑清单 失分类型 (浅紫底色块) 典型问题（浅灰底色块） 答题指导（浅绿底色块） frequently、patriotic、acquire、. 写完回看，重点检查单元※ 拼写错误 embarrassed等核心词拼错 高频词 D 出现两个过去动作想是否用 时态错误 过去完成时/现在完成进行时 had done;持续到现在的 混淆，不看动作先后 动作用have/has been doing 单元短语介词单独记忆，语 固定搭配误用 be composed of、suffer from、persist in介词错 法填空/写作优先核对 阅读、完形凭感觉，不回原文 信息定位偏差 客观题答案必须有原文依 找证据 据，拒绝主观脑补 》》 高中英语单元语法填空 专项训练 (时态语态) 考点聚焦：本专项考查一般将来时、过去进行时被动、过去完成时被动等单元核 心时态态考点 1.He (explore)more possibilities for a changing world in the coming years. 2.All the delicate artifacts (damage)severely by the collapse of the ancient tomb during the excavation process,and the archaeological team had no choice but to suspend their work temporarily. 3.He hurried home late at night,never once looking back to see if he (follow). 4.The famous musician,together with his band members, (interview)by the reporter when the power went out. 5.A huge Christmas tree. (decorate)with mini cars before we got to the hall. 6.The researchers took recordings from across 43 sites in the Ecuadorian Rainforest(厄瓜多尔雨林).Some sites were relatively primitive,old-growth forests.Others were areas that (clear)for pasture(牧场) already. 7.This genetic influence_ (observe)in between 34 per cent for frequency of garden visits and 44 per cent for public nature space visits, they said. 8.My mobile phone (repair)when you called me yesterday. 9.By the end of last year,2,000 cars (produce)by the company. 10.All the tasks (complete)by the time we got there. 参考答案 1.will explore 2.were damaged/had been damaged 3.was being followed 4.was being interviewed 5.had been decorated 6.had been cleared 7.was observed/had been observed 8.was being repaired 9.had been produced 10.had been completed 》 高中英语单元核心词汇翻译训练 考点聚焦：考查单元核心动词运用、名词性从句、非谓语结构翻译， 必须使用括号内指定词汇 1.在现代信息社会中，许多人深陷于处理无尽的数据中，往往忽略了更深层 次的思考。(bury） 2. 这代科学家为了探索真理倾其一生。(dedicate) 3.随着人工智能技术飞速迭代，各类企业必须持续更新理念与技能，才能在 激烈的竞争中立于不败之地。(update) 4.显然，知道灾害发生的可能性比50年前增加了多少倍可促使新的公共卫生 政策出台。(how) A月 5.有抱负，有决心，他一直在突破现在可能性的极限，无论做运动还是探索 新地方。 (push) 参考答案 1.In the modern society of information,many people are buried in processing endless data,often neglecting deeper thinking. 2.This generation of scientists dedicates their lives to exploring the truth. 3.With the rapid iteration of Al technology,various enterprises must continuously update their concepts and skills in order to stay ahead in the fierce competition. 4.It's obvious that knowing how much more likely a disaster is going to happen than it was 50 years ago can help with the release of the new public health policy. 5.Ambitious and determined,he is always pushing the limits of what is possible now,whether doing sports or exploring new places. 高中英语单元语篇语法填空专项训练 Venture capitalists need to be ruthless about their relationships.Even in a world of 考点笔记 algorithmic trading and automated credit scoring,good financial decisions still depend on 1cm judgment.Choosing1to invest alongside is particularly important in the uncertain world of venture capital,2many deals are syndicated,in order to share risk and information. Investors clearly prefer partners with whom they have something in common.People 1cm who have worked at the same company are over 60%more likely to co-invest than those who have not.Investors who belong to the same ethnic minority,3 studied at the same 1cm university,are around 20%more likely to pair up.The bias towards co-investors on measures of ability is weaker:investors 4 degrees from the best universities are just 9%more likely to get together..Rapport(和睦关系)is a poor basis for selecting partners. The authors examine investors'record at exiting investments through an initial public 1cm offering(IPo).An IPO is the holy grail(怪杯，最高追求)for many start--ups,_5 the odds of success are 22%lower if a co-investing pair are alumni of the same university,and 18% lower if they share a past employer. By 6ethnicity has no effect on investment success.In a pair,it is a different story. 1cm Co-investors from the same ethnic minority are 25%7(likely)to bring a portfolio company to an IPO(and the odds are still lower if the partners are East Asian).The data suggest that the poorer results of similar investors stem less from selecting bad companies,more from bad decisions taken together after the initial investment.It may be that a diversity of views helps 1cm investors to make better calls.Partnerships based on ability,not similarity,tend to do better.If one investor of a pair has a degree from a leading university,this adds 9%to the possibility of of their selected firms 8(reach)an IPO;if the second does too,that adds a further 11%.Of course,such investors still have to find each other. Research led by Alexander Ljungqvist of New York University's Stern School of Business 1cm 9(show)that Venture Capitalists'firms in influential network positions perform better,as they have more opportunities to take part in syndications(企业张合组织).The moral seems to be 10 _investors should make friends easily,but not invest for friendship's sake alone. 参考答案 1.whom 2.where 3.or 4.with 5.but 6.itself 7.less likely 8.reaching 9.has shown 10.that 考点详解 1.疑问词：疑问词+不定式”作choose?宾语，alongsidel后接宾语指人，用whom; 2.定语从句：先行词是the uncertain world of venture capital,从句缺地点状语，用where 3.连词：并列两个定语从句谓语，表选择关系，用o; 4.介词：表“拥有顶尖大学学位的投资者”，后置定语用with; 5.连词：前后句语义转折，用but; 6.反身代词：固定搭配by oneself表“就其本身而言”，指代ethnicity用itself; 7.形容词比较级：结合上下文表“可能性更低”，用less likely; 8.非谓语动词：介词of后接动名词复合结构，主动关系用reaching; 9.时态主谓一致：研究对现在有影响，主语research不可数，用现在完成时has shown; 10.表语从句：从句语义完整不缺成分，用that引导