知识清单02 选择性必修第一册Unit 1～Unit 3 单元词汇短语句型梳理（期中知识清单）高二英语上学期沪外版

题型清单 必修第一册Unit 1~Unit 3单元词汇与语法 题型 01 单词拼写（夯实双基，厚积薄发） Unit1 1. To_________ a logical speech, you need to organize your ideas clearly first.（撰写） 2. Scientists often_________ experiments to test their new theories.（实施，开展） 3. It takes time to ________a good knowledge of a foreign language.（获得） 4. The team didn’t give up even after suffering a painful ________in the first round.（失败） 5. The new policy had a ________effect on improving people’s living conditions.（深远的，深刻的） 6. She ________in practicing the piano every day, so she made great progress.（坚持） 7. The company will ________a new product line next month to meet market needs.（推出） 8. We need to ________more information before making a final decision.（收集） 9. The ________of making traditional paper is complicated but meaningful.（流程，工序） 10. His ________of honesty won him respect from all his colleagues.（美德，德行） 11. The ________of earthquakes in this area has increased recently.（频率） 12. After many ________, the researchers finally found a cure for the disease.（试验） 13. The value of the stock took a sudden ________after the good news was announced.（跃升，跳跃） 14. This chemical ________is widely used in the production of medicine.（化合物） 15. Reporters crowded into the ________conference to get the latest information.（新闻，媒体） Unit2 1. Many people _________ to help the elderly in nursing homes on weekends.（自愿做，义务做） 2. She _________a new laptop online yesterday for her study.（购买） 3. The actor decided to _________ half of his income to charity this year.（捐赠） 4. The government plans to _________the development of green energy industries.（促进，推进） 5. My teacher _________us to read more classic books to broaden our horizons.（敦促，力劝） 6. There was an _________silence when no one knew how to answer the question.（令人尴尬的） 7. His _________in the job interview taught him to improve his communication skills.（失败） 8. The traffic rules _________the behavior of drivers to ensure road safety.（约束，管理） 9. We shouldn’t _________others without understanding the whole situation.（批评，指责） 10. Her _________to learn painting is to express her inner feelings.（意图，打算） 11. Don’t _________that everyone will agree with your plan; you need to discuss it first.（假定，认为） 12. The _________provides food and accommodation for homeless people in winter.（收容所） 13. He made a _________for a two-day leave to attend his sister’s wedding.（请求） 14. Thousands of people joined the _________to support environmental protection.（示威游行，行进） 15. The _________from the public helped the hospital buy new medical equipment.（捐赠物） Unit3 1. Long-distance runners need strong ___________ to finish the race.（忍耐力，耐久力） 2. Workers must wear protective clothing when handling ___________materials.（危险的） 3. The ___________spent three years traveling through the Amazon rainforest.（探险者） 4. My car got ___________in the snow, so I had to ask for help.（卡住，陷住） 5. They had to ___________their hiking plan because of the heavy rain.（舍弃，放弃） 6. The old ship began to ___________after hitting a rock in the sea.（下沉，沉没） 7. Only a few people ___________the terrible earthquake.（幸存，存活） 8. After a whole day’s work, she felt ___________and just wanted to sleep.（筋疲力尽的） 9. The firefighters rushed to the scene to ___________the people trapped in the burning building.（营救，抢救） 10. Climbing the high mountain is an ___________task for most people.（使人筋疲力尽的） 11. The poor villagers almost ___________to death during the drought.（挨饿，饿死） 12. She made a ___________to exercise every morning to keep fit.（决心，决定） 13. The patient’s condition is so _________that the doctors are trying their best to save him.（危急的，绝望的） 14. Children should not be ___________to violent TV programs.（使面临，使接触） 15. You need to keep ___________when facing unexpected problems.（冷静的） 题型 02 单元词汇填空（一词多变，活学活用） Unit1 Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．crucial    B．collapse    C． passion    D．lengthening    E. depend F. refreshed    G. alternative    H. devoted    I. regularly    J. varying    K. delivery Three Ways for Scientists to Manage Their Time Better It is not necessary to become a workaholic to be a good scientist, although scientists often have great 1 for their research, and frequently work long hours. The amount and quality of what you achieve critically 2 on how effectively you manage your time. Here are some tips on how to better manage your time as a scientist .● Make a plan Consider blocking out your calendar into chunks of time 3 to a specific task. This is particularly important when you are writing a paper or report. Next comes the 4 step of prioritizing. Highlight tasks on your list to signify their urgency. Focus only on one item at a time: the others can wait their turn. This list needs to be updated and reviewed 5 . ● Give yourself a break Taking breaks is good for your brain. Don’t be hard on yourself: you will actually perform better if you take breaks and cultivate a life outside science. This might seem counter-intuitive (违反直觉的) with all those tasks on your list, but solutions to apparently difficult problems can come from a 6 brain — and a brain that can keep things in perspective. During your working day, allow yourself time to think, to be open to new ideas and to chat with others about new methods. Try to avoid looking at your work e-mails when you are not working. They do not need to be answered until the next working day. The world will not 7 if you delay reading some e-mails. ● Don’t try to chase every great idea The other side of permitting yourself time to explore 8 ideas, as well as the suggestions of managers and colleagues, is that you are left with a(n) 9 list of new directions to investigate. Try to distinguish between things that would be nice to have and things that are vital to the 10 of your project, or PhD, on time. Succeeding against the odds and in the face of time pressure is one of the most valuable experiences you can offer to future employer. Unit2 Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．started       B．serving        C． rewarding     D．recycle    E. promoting     F. pick G. purchase     H. opportunity     I. donating      J. created     K. access Amazing Kids of the Month — Hannah and Alexander Laman Hannah and Alexander Laman, 11-year-old twins from Ohio love reading. They both love reading so much that it is almost impossible to 11 a favourite book. “I have many favourite books. If I had to select one, it would be Believe It or Not”, Hannah said. So when these two young bookworms heard that some children didn’t have 12 to books, they believed that was a problem they just couldn’t ignore. In 2011, they 13 Adopt A Book, an organization that donates books to schools and programmes in need. “We wanted to make a difference because we love reading lots of books,” Alexander said. They 14 by sharing their own books, and then the organization grew by taking book donations from others. So far, the twins’ organization has donated over 45,000 books to schools, and programmes 15 children in need from Cincinnati to as far away as Zimbabwe. With a successful book- 16 organization that just keeps expanding, what’s ahead for these two? Well, they’ve already started it! Hannah and Alexander are 17 literacy for children through their Little Free Library. “The library is free and you can take a book and leave a book,” the twins’ mum Angela explained. “This has encouraged many kids and adults to 18 their reading materials and also encourage others to read.” The twins have received many rewards through promoting literacy. “Other kids have the 19 to read and own books of their own. That’s the most 20 part of sharing books with others,” said Hannah. Maybe you want to start small. Collect gently-used books from your home that you don’t need anymore, and donate them to Adopt A Book. Any little bit that you can do truly makes a difference! Unit3 Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．alarming   B．carbon-intensive C． durability   D．glued   E. labels   F. man-made G. exceed   H. sample   I. redefine   J. emissions   K. share    How sustainable are your sneakers? Over the last five years the sneaker industry has grown rapidly and shows no sign of slowing down. The global athletic footwear market is expected to 21 95 billion (USD) by 2025. According to the World Footwear Yearbook, over 24 billion pairs of shoes are produced annually. Among them sneakers account for the largest 22 . What are the environmental impacts of the rapidly growing sneaker industry? Sneaker production is very 23 . A typical pair of running shoes produces about 13.6 kilograms of CO2 emissions which is unusually high for a product that does not use electricity or require power-driving components. These 24 mainly come from manufacturing. The majority of sneakers are made from plastic and/or plastic-like materials. All these petroleum-derived plastics produce a(n) 25 number of carbon dioxide. Then why don’t we move away from the use of plastic? Since sneakers have to endure much more than a regular pair of shoes, the aspect of their 26 is very important when it comes to their overall performance. Unfortunately, 27 materials hold up better than natural ones. Plastic has made shoes better, lighter, faster, more comfortable, and more accessible to everyone worldwide. Another issue with sneakers today is that most of them are made by using a combination of different plastics 28 in a very complicated way, making them very hard to recycle. The footwear industry is at least 10 years behind the rest of fashion in terms of environmental standards. Seven out of ten brands are having discussions on sustainability, yet only 40% of companies have a sustainability program in place. Big industry players (such as Adidas and Nike) and some smaller 29 are trying to reduce their carbon footprint in different ways. Considering that close to 25 billion pairs of shoes were produced worldwide in the last year, it is clear that immediate action is very important. It is my hope that we consumers will 30 our relationship with fashion and think about the environmental impact of our shopping habits. 题型 03 1 补全翻译（巩固再现，灵活运用） Unit1 A. frequently B. acquire C. compose D. embarrass E. suffer F. defeat G. dignity H. wisdom I. conduct J. profound K. persist (1)She ______ visits her grandparents on weekends.（她周末经常去看望祖父母。） (2)It takes time to ______ the skills needed for this job.（掌握这份工作所需的技能需要时间。） (3)The poet spent three months ______ this long poem.（这位诗人花了三个月时间创作这首长诗。） (4)Don’t ask such personal questions—it might ______ her.（别问这种私人问题，可能会让她尴尬。） (5)Many people ______ from colds during the winter.（冬天很多人会感冒。） (6)Our team was ______ in the final match last year.（我们队在去年的决赛中失利了。） (7)Everyone should stand up for their ______ and rights.（每个人都应该维护自己的尊严和权利。） (8)His advice is full of ______ and experience.（他的建议充满智慧和经验。） (9)The company will ______ a survey about customer satisfaction next month.（公司下个月将开展一项客户满意度调查。） (10)The book has a ______ influence on my view of life.（这本书对我的人生观有深远的影响。） Unit2 补全句子翻译，其中有一个多余项 A. volunteer B. donate C. promote D. purchase E. urge F. campaign G. request H. earn I. shelter J. organize K. fashionable (1)Many students ______ at the local hospital during summer vacation.（很多学生暑假在当地医院做志愿者。） (2)People are encouraged to ______ old clothes and books to those in need.（鼓励人们向有需要的人捐赠旧衣物和书籍。） (3)The government launched a project to ______ environmental protection.（政府启动了一个项目来推广环境保护。） (4)I plan to ______ a new laptop before the new school year starts.（我计划在新学年开始前买一台新笔记本电脑。） (5)Teachers always ______ us to read more classic works.（老师总是敦促我们多阅读经典作品。） (6)They started a ______ to raise money for homeless children.（他们发起了一场为无家可归儿童筹款的活动。） (7)The company received a ______ for more detailed product information.（公司收到了一份要求提供更详细产品信息的请求。） (8)She ______ extra money by doing part-time jobs after work.（她下班后做兼职赚取额外收入。） (9)This building serves as a ______ for people affected by the flood.（这座建筑是受洪水影响人群的避难所。） (10)We need to ______ a meeting to discuss the upcoming event.（我们需要组织一次会议来讨论即将到来的活动。） Unit3 补全句子翻译，其中有一个多余项 A. expedition B. survive C. abandon D. rescue E. endurance F. disaster G. freeze H. sail I. explore J. exhaust K. march (1)The team set off on a dangerous ______ to the North Pole.（这支队伍出发前往北极进行一次危险的探险。） (2)Only a few people managed to ______ the terrible earthquake.（只有少数人在那场可怕的地震中幸存下来。） (3)The crew had to ______ the sinking ship and get on the lifeboats.（船员们不得不放弃正在下沉的船，登上救生艇。） (4)The local police sent a team to ______ the hikers lost in the mountain.（当地警方派出一支队伍去营救在山里迷路的徒步旅行者。） (5)Long-distance running requires great physical ______ and mental strength.（长跑需要极强的体力耐力和意志力。） (6)The heavy rain caused a natural ______ in the southern part of the country.（暴雨在该国南部引发了一场自然灾害。） (7)The temperature dropped so low that the river began to ______.（气温降得很低，河水开始结冰。） (8)They decided to ______ across the Atlantic Ocean in a small boat.（他们决定乘小船横渡大西洋。） (9)Scientists want to ______ the unknown areas of the deep sea.（科学家们想要探索深海的未知区域。） (10)After a whole day’s work, he felt completely ______.（工作了一整天后，他感到筋疲力尽。） 学科网（北京）股份有限公4 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 题型清单 必修第一册Unit 1~Unit 3单元词汇与语法 题型 01 单词拼写（夯实双基，厚积薄发） Unit1 1. To_________ a logical speech, you need to organize your ideas clearly first.（撰写） 2. Scientists often_________ experiments to test their new theories.（实施，开展） 3. It takes time to ________a good knowledge of a foreign language.（获得） 4. The team didn’t give up even after suffering a painful ________in the first round.（失败） 5. The new policy had a ________effect on improving people’s living conditions.（深远的，深刻的） 6. She ________in practicing the piano every day, so she made great progress.（坚持） 7. The company will ________a new product line next month to meet market needs.（推出） 8. We need to ________more information before making a final decision.（收集） 9. The ________of making traditional paper is complicated but meaningful.（流程，工序） 10. His ________of honesty won him respect from all his colleagues.（美德，德行） 11. The ________of earthquakes in this area has increased recently.（频率） 12. After many ________, the researchers finally found a cure for the disease.（试验） 13. The value of the stock took a sudden ________after the good news was announced.（跃升，跳跃） 14. This chemical ________is widely used in the production of medicine.（化合物） 15. Reporters crowded into the ________conference to get the latest information.（新闻，媒体） 答案 1.compose 2.conduct 3.acquire 4.defeat 5.profound 6.persisted 7.launch 8.gather 9.process 10.virtue 11.frequency 12.trials 13..leap 14.compound 15.press Unit2 1. Many people _________ to help the elderly in nursing homes on weekends.（自愿做，义务做） 2. She _________a new laptop online yesterday for her study.（购买） 3. The actor decided to _________ half of his income to charity this year.（捐赠） 4. The government plans to _________the development of green energy industries.（促进，推进） 5. My teacher _________us to read more classic books to broaden our horizons.（敦促，力劝） 6. There was an _________silence when no one knew how to answer the question.（令人尴尬的） 7. His _________in the job interview taught him to improve his communication skills.（失败） 8. The traffic rules _________the behavior of drivers to ensure road safety.（约束，管理） 9. We shouldn’t _________others without understanding the whole situation.（批评，指责） 10. Her _________to learn painting is to express her inner feelings.（意图，打算） 11. Don’t _________that everyone will agree with your plan; you need to discuss it first.（假定，认为） 12. The _________provides food and accommodation for homeless people in winter.（收容所） 13. He made a _________for a two-day leave to attend his sister’s wedding.（请求） 14. Thousands of people joined the _________to support environmental protection.（示威游行，行进） 15. The _________from the public helped the hospital buy new medical equipment.（捐赠物） 答案 1.volunteer 2.purchased 3.donate 4.promote 5.urged 6.awkward 7.failure 8.regulate 9.criticize 10.intention 11.assume 12.shelter 13.request 14.march 15.donation Unit3 1. Long-distance runners need strong ___________ to finish the race.（忍耐力，耐久力） 2. Workers must wear protective clothing when handling ___________materials.（危险的） 3. The ___________spent three years traveling through the Amazon rainforest.（探险者） 4. My car got ___________in the snow, so I had to ask for help.（卡住，陷住） 5. They had to ___________their hiking plan because of the heavy rain.（舍弃，放弃） 6. The old ship began to ___________after hitting a rock in the sea.（下沉，沉没） 7. Only a few people ___________the terrible earthquake.（幸存，存活） 8. After a whole day’s work, she felt ___________and just wanted to sleep.（筋疲力尽的） 9. The firefighters rushed to the scene to ___________the people trapped in the burning building.（营救，抢救） 10. Climbing the high mountain is an ___________task for most people.（使人筋疲力尽的） 11. The poor villagers almost ___________to death during the drought.（挨饿，饿死） 12. She made a ___________to exercise every morning to keep fit.（决心，决定） 13. The patient’s condition is so _________that the doctors are trying their best to save him.（危急的，绝望的） 14. Children should not be ___________to violent TV programs.（使面临，使接触） 15. You need to keep ___________when facing unexpected problems.（冷静的） 答案 1.endurance 2.hazardous 3.explorer 4.stuck 5.abandon 6.sink 7.survived 8.exhausted 9.rescue 10.exhausting 11.starved 12.resolution 13.desperate 14.exposed 15.calm 题型 02 单元词汇填空（一词多变，活学活用） Unit1 Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．crucial    B．collapse    C． passion    D．lengthening    E. depend F. refreshed    G. alternative    H. devoted    I. regularly    J. varying    K. delivery Three Ways for Scientists to Manage Their Time Better It is not necessary to become a workaholic to be a good scientist, although scientists often have great 1 for their research, and frequently work long hours. The amount and quality of what you achieve critically 2 on how effectively you manage your time. Here are some tips on how to better manage your time as a scientist .● Make a plan Consider blocking out your calendar into chunks of time 3 to a specific task. This is particularly important when you are writing a paper or report. Next comes the 4 step of prioritizing. Highlight tasks on your list to signify their urgency. Focus only on one item at a time: the others can wait their turn. This list needs to be updated and reviewed 5 . ● Give yourself a break Taking breaks is good for your brain. Don’t be hard on yourself: you will actually perform better if you take breaks and cultivate a life outside science. This might seem counter-intuitive (违反直觉的) with all those tasks on your list, but solutions to apparently difficult problems can come from a 6 brain — and a brain that can keep things in perspective. During your working day, allow yourself time to think, to be open to new ideas and to chat with others about new methods. Try to avoid looking at your work e-mails when you are not working. They do not need to be answered until the next working day. The world will not 7 if you delay reading some e-mails. ● Don’t try to chase every great idea The other side of permitting yourself time to explore 8 ideas, as well as the suggestions of managers and colleagues, is that you are left with a(n) 9 list of new directions to investigate. Try to distinguish between things that would be nice to have and things that are vital to the 10 of your project, or PhD, on time. Succeeding against the odds and in the face of time pressure is one of the most valuable experiences you can offer to future employer. 【答案】 1．C 2．E 3．H 4．A 5．I 6．F 7．B 8．J 9．D 10．K 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了科学家更好管理时间的三种方法，包含制定计划、给自己休息时间、不盲目追逐所有好想法，助力科学家提升时间管理效率，保障科研工作有序推进 。 1．考查名词。句意：成为一名优秀的科学家并不一定要成为工作狂，尽管科学家们通常对自己的研究抱有极大的热情，而且经常长时间工作。空格前有形容词great修饰，应填名词，结合“for their research, and frequently work long hours”及选项，名词passion“热情”符合语境，“have great passion for”表示“对……有极大热情”。故填C。 2．考查动词。句意：你所取得的成果的数量和质量在很大程度上取决于你管理时间的效率。空格处作谓语，根据下文“how effectively you manage your time”及“Here are some tips on how to better manage your time as a scientist.”可知，此处指“取得的成果的数量和质量在很大程度上取决于你管理时间的效率”，动词短语depend on意为“取决于”，符合语境，陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为the amount and quality，谓语动词用原形depend。故填E。 3．考查形容词。句意：考虑将你的日程表分成若干时间段，专门用于特定的任务。空格处作定语修饰time，结合句意及选项，devoted“专门用于……的”符合语境，be devoted to表示“致力于，专门用于”，此处用过去分词作定语。故填H。 4．考查形容词。句意：接下来是至关重要的优先级排序步骤。空格处修饰名词step，作定语，结合句意及选项，形容词crucial“至关重要的”符合语境，强调优先级排序的重要性。故填A。 5．考查副词。句意：这个清单需要定期更新和审查。空格处修饰动词updated and reviewed，应填副词作状语，结合句意及选项，regularly“定期地”符合语境，表示定期更新审查清单。故填I。 6．考查形容词。句意：这似乎与你清单上的所有任务背道而驰，但看似困难的问题的解决方案可能来自一个恢复活力的大脑——一个能够客观看待事物的大脑。空格处修饰名词brain，作定语，结合前文“taking breaks”可知，休息后大脑会恢复活力，形容词refreshed“恢复活力的”符合语境。故填F。 7．考查动词。句意：如果你推迟阅读一些电子邮件，世界不会崩溃。空格处作谓语，根据上文“They do not need to be answered until the next working day.”以及空后“if you delay reading some e-mails.”可知，此处指推迟看邮件不会造成严重后果。动词collapse“崩溃，崩塌”符合语境，表示“世界不会崩塌”，will not后跟动词原形，故填B。 8．考查形容词。句意：允许自己有时间探索各种想法，以及管理者和同事的建议，另一方面是你会有一个不断增加的新研究方向清单。空格处修饰名词ideas，作定语，根据小标题中“chase every great idea”以及下文“list of new directions”可知，此处指探索不同的想法，形容词varying“不同的，多样化的”符合语境。故填J。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：让自己有时间去探索各种想法、听取经理和同事建议的另一面是你将面临一个越来越长的新研究方向清单。空格处修饰名词list，根据小标题中“chase every great idea”以及上文“ideas, as well as the suggestions of managers and colleagues”可知，探索各种想法以及听取管理者和同事的建议，会让自己要新的调查方向的清单不断变长，动词lengthen“变长”符合语境，名词list与lengthen之间为主动关系，且表示动词正在进行，用现在分词lengthening作前置定语，表示清单上的内容在不断增加。故填D。 10．考查名词。句意：试着把那些可有可无的事情和那些对按时完成你的项目或博士学位至关重要的事情区分开来。空格处前有定冠词the修饰，应填名词，结合句意及选项，delivery“交付，完成”符合语境，此处表示项目或博士学位的按时完成。故填K。 Unit2 Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．started       B．serving        C． rewarding     D．recycle    E. promoting     F. pick G. purchase     H. opportunity     I. donating      J. created     K. access Amazing Kids of the Month — Hannah and Alexander Laman Hannah and Alexander Laman, 11-year-old twins from Ohio love reading. They both love reading so much that it is almost impossible to 11 a favourite book. “I have many favourite books. If I had to select one, it would be Believe It or Not”, Hannah said. So when these two young bookworms heard that some children didn’t have 12 to books, they believed that was a problem they just couldn’t ignore. In 2011, they 13 Adopt A Book, an organization that donates books to schools and programmes in need. “We wanted to make a difference because we love reading lots of books,” Alexander said. They 14 by sharing their own books, and then the organization grew by taking book donations from others. So far, the twins’ organization has donated over 45,000 books to schools, and programmes 15 children in need from Cincinnati to as far away as Zimbabwe. With a successful book- 16 organization that just keeps expanding, what’s ahead for these two? Well, they’ve already started it! Hannah and Alexander are 17 literacy for children through their Little Free Library. “The library is free and you can take a book and leave a book,” the twins’ mum Angela explained. “This has encouraged many kids and adults to 18 their reading materials and also encourage others to read.” The twins have received many rewards through promoting literacy. “Other kids have the 19 to read and own books of their own. That’s the most 20 part of sharing books with others,” said Hannah. Maybe you want to start small. Collect gently-used books from your home that you don’t need anymore, and donate them to Adopt A Book. Any little bit that you can do truly makes a difference! 【答案】 11．F 12．K 13．J 14．A 15．B 16．I 17．E 18．D 19．H 20．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了双胞胎Hannah和Alexander因热爱阅读而创立了Adopt A Book组织，通过捐赠书籍帮助有需要的儿童，目前已捐赠超过4.5万本书，并设立免费的小型图书馆进一步促进儿童识字。 11．考查动词。句意：他们都非常喜欢阅读，几乎不可能选出一本最喜欢的书。空处构成不定式，作真正的主语，根据下文的“If I had to select one”可知，F项pick“挑选”符合题意，指选出一本最喜欢的书。故选F。 12．考查名词。句意：因此，当这两个年轻的书虫听说有些孩子没有机会读书时，他们认为这是一个他们不能忽视的问题。空处作have的宾语，根据下文“an organization that donates books to schools and programmes in need”可知，他们的组织是捐赠书籍的，K项access“获得的机会”符合题意，短语have access to“接近，可以使用”，指有些孩子没有机会读书。故选K。 13．考查动词。句意：2011年，他们创立了Adopt A Book组织，向有需要的学校和项目捐赠书籍。空处作谓语，根据空后的宾语“Adopt A Book, an organization”可推知，J项created“创立，创建”符合题意，指创立了该组织。故选J。 14．考查动词。句意：他们从分享自己的书开始，然后这个组织通过接受别人捐赠的书而发展起来。空处作谓语，空后无宾语，根据下文“and then the organization grew by taking book donations from others”可推知，A项started“开始”符合题意，指从分享自己的书开始。故选A。 15．考查动词。句意：到目前为止，这对双胞胎的组织已经向学校和项目捐赠了超过4.5万本书，服务于从辛辛那提到遥远的津巴布韦的有需要的儿童。空处是非谓语，根据空后的“children in need”可推知，B项serving“服务”符合题意，指服务于有需要的儿童。故选B。 16．考查动词。句意：随着一个成功的捐书组织不断扩大，这两位的未来是什么？空处和book构成修饰organization的定语，根据上文“an organization that donates books to schools and programmes in need”可知，I项donating“捐赠”符合题意，指成功的捐书组织。故选I。 17．考查动词。句意：Hannah和Alexander正在通过他们的Little Free Library促进儿童识字。空处和are构成谓语，根据下文“The twins have received many rewards through promoting literacy.”可知，E项promoting“促进”符合题意，指促进儿童识字。故选E。 18．考查动词。句意：这鼓励了许多孩子和成年人再利用他们的阅读材料，也鼓励了其他人阅读。空处构成不定式，作宾语补足语，根据上文“The library is free and you can take a book and leave a book”可推知，D项recycle“再利用”符合题意，指鼓励再利用他们的阅读材料。故选D。 19．考查名词。句意：其他孩子有机会阅读并拥有自己的书。空处作have的宾语，根据上文“The library is free and you can take a book and leave a book”可推知，H项opportunity“机会”符合题意，指有机会阅读并拥有自己的书。故选H。 20．考查形容词。句意：这是与他人分享书籍最有意义的部分。空处构成形容词最高级，作修饰part的定语，根据上文“ The twins have received many rewards through promoting literacy.”和空后的“sharing books with others”可推知，C项rewarding“有意义的，值得的”符合题意，指最有意义的部分。故选C。 Unit3 Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．alarming   B．carbon-intensive C． durability   D．glued   E. labels   F. man-made G. exceed   H. sample   I. redefine   J. emissions   K. share    How sustainable are your sneakers? Over the last five years the sneaker industry has grown rapidly and shows no sign of slowing down. The global athletic footwear market is expected to 21 95 billion (USD) by 2025. According to the World Footwear Yearbook, over 24 billion pairs of shoes are produced annually. Among them sneakers account for the largest 22 . What are the environmental impacts of the rapidly growing sneaker industry? Sneaker production is very 23 . A typical pair of running shoes produces about 13.6 kilograms of CO2 emissions which is unusually high for a product that does not use electricity or require power-driving components. These 24 mainly come from manufacturing. The majority of sneakers are made from plastic and/or plastic-like materials. All these petroleum-derived plastics produce a(n) 25 number of carbon dioxide. Then why don’t we move away from the use of plastic? Since sneakers have to endure much more than a regular pair of shoes, the aspect of their 26 is very important when it comes to their overall performance. Unfortunately, 27 materials hold up better than natural ones. Plastic has made shoes better, lighter, faster, more comfortable, and more accessible to everyone worldwide. Another issue with sneakers today is that most of them are made by using a combination of different plastics 28 in a very complicated way, making them very hard to recycle. The footwear industry is at least 10 years behind the rest of fashion in terms of environmental standards. Seven out of ten brands are having discussions on sustainability, yet only 40% of companies have a sustainability program in place. Big industry players (such as Adidas and Nike) and some smaller 29 are trying to reduce their carbon footprint in different ways. Considering that close to 25 billion pairs of shoes were produced worldwide in the last year, it is clear that immediate action is very important. It is my hope that we consumers will 30 our relationship with fashion and think about the environmental impact of our shopping habits. 【答案】 21．G 22．K 23．B 24．J 25．A 26．C 27．F 28．D 29．E 30．I 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了运动鞋产业的快速增长及其对环境的影响，指出运动鞋生产过程中的高碳排放问题，以及行业在环保标准上的滞后，呼吁消费者重新思考与时尚的关系，关注购物习惯对环境的影响。 21．考查动词。句意：到2025年，全球运动鞋市场预计将超过950亿美元。分析句子可知，空格处需填谓语动词，主语为market，宾语为具体数值，exceed，意为“超过”，对应“场规模达到某一数值”的语境。故选G项。 22．考查名词。句意：其中，运动鞋占最大份额。根据“account for”可知，空格处需填表示“比例”的名词，share“份额”符合句意，与largest搭配表示“占比最大”。故选K项。 23．考查形容词。句意：运动鞋的生产是高碳密集型的。分析句子可知，空格处作表语，根据下文“A typical pair of running shoes produces about 13.6 kilograms of CO2 emissions which is unusually high for a product that does not use electricity or require power-driving components.”可知，形容词carbon-intensive“碳密集型的”符合句意。故选B项。 24．考查名词。句意：这些排放主要来自制造业。根据前文“CO2 emissions”可知，空格处应填名词，emissions“排放”为名词复数，符合句意。故选J项。 25．考查形容词。句意：所有这些石油衍生的塑料都会产生惊人的二氧化碳量。alarming“惊人的”修饰number，强调塑料导致的碳排放量之大，符合“环境影响”的主题。故选A项。 26．考查名词。句意：由于运动鞋需要比普通鞋子承受更多磨损，因此耐用性对其整体性能至关重要。根据“endure much more”可知，空格处需填表示“耐穿性”的名词，durability“耐用性”符合逻辑。故选C项。 27．考查形容词。句意：不幸的是，人造材料比天然材料更耐用。分析句子可知，空格处应填形容词修饰materials，man-made“人造的”为形容词，符合句意，呼应后文natural。故选F项。 28．考查非谓语动词。句意：另一个问题是，大多数运动鞋是由不同塑料以非常复杂的方式粘合而成，这使得它们很难回收。分析句子可知，空格处应填过去分词作后置定语修饰plastics，根据“a combination of different plastics”可知，过去分词glued“粘合”，符合句意。故选D项。 29．考查名词。句意：大型行业参与者（如阿迪达斯和耐克）和一些较小的品牌正试图以不同的方式减少碳足迹。分析句子可知，空格处应填名词和players并列，labels“品牌”为名词复数，符合句意，呼应上文“such as Adidas and Nike”。故选E项。 30．考查动词。句意：我希望我们消费者能重新定义我们与时尚的关系，并思考我们购物习惯对环境的影响。分析句子可知，空格处应填谓语动词原形与will构成一般将来时，根据“and think about the environmental impact of our shopping habits”可知，我们应重新定义我们与时尚的关系，redefine“重新定义”为动词，符合句意。故选I项。 题型 03 1 补全翻译（巩固再现，灵活运用） Unit1 A. frequently B. acquire C. compose D. embarrass E. suffer F. defeat G. dignity H. wisdom I. conduct J. profound K. persist (1)She ______ visits her grandparents on weekends.（她周末经常去看望祖父母。） (2)It takes time to ______ the skills needed for this job.（掌握这份工作所需的技能需要时间。） (3)The poet spent three months ______ this long poem.（这位诗人花了三个月时间创作这首长诗。） (4)Don’t ask such personal questions—it might ______ her.（别问这种私人问题，可能会让她尴尬。） (5)Many people ______ from colds during the winter.（冬天很多人会感冒。） (6)Our team was ______ in the final match last year.（我们队在去年的决赛中失利了。） (7)Everyone should stand up for their ______ and rights.（每个人都应该维护自己的尊严和权利。） (8)His advice is full of ______ and experience.（他的建议充满智慧和经验。） (9)The company will ______ a survey about customer satisfaction next month.（公司下个月将开展一项客户满意度调查。） (10)The book has a ______ influence on my view of life.（这本书对我的人生观有深远的影响。） Keys： 1-5：frequently; acquire; composing; embarrass; suffer 6-10: defeated; dignity; wisdom; conduct; profound Unit2 补全句子翻译，其中有一个多余项 A. volunteer B. donate C. promote D. purchase E. urge F. campaign G. request H. earn I. shelter J. organize K. fashionable (1)Many students ______ at the local hospital during summer vacation.（很多学生暑假在当地医院做志愿者。） (2)People are encouraged to ______ old clothes and books to those in need.（鼓励人们向有需要的人捐赠旧衣物和书籍。） (3)The government launched a project to ______ environmental protection.（政府启动了一个项目来推广环境保护。） (4)I plan to ______ a new laptop before the new school year starts.（我计划在新学年开始前买一台新笔记本电脑。） (5)Teachers always ______ us to read more classic works.（老师总是敦促我们多阅读经典作品。） (6)They started a ______ to raise money for homeless children.（他们发起了一场为无家可归儿童筹款的活动。） (7)The company received a ______ for more detailed product information.（公司收到了一份要求提供更详细产品信息的请求。） (8)She ______ extra money by doing part-time jobs after work.（她下班后做兼职赚取额外收入。） (9)This building serves as a ______ for people affected by the flood.（这座建筑是受洪水影响人群的避难所。） (10)We need to ______ a meeting to discuss the upcoming event.（我们需要组织一次会议来讨论即将到来的活动。） Keys： 1-5：volunteer; donate; promote; purchase; urge 6-10: campaign; request; earn; shelter; organize Unit3 补全句子翻译，其中有一个多余项 A. expedition B. survive C. abandon D. rescue E. endurance F. disaster G. freeze H. sail I. explore J. exhaust K. march (1)The team set off on a dangerous ______ to the North Pole.（这支队伍出发前往北极进行一次危险的探险。） (2)Only a few people managed to ______ the terrible earthquake.（只有少数人在那场可怕的地震中幸存下来。） (3)The crew had to ______ the sinking ship and get on the lifeboats.（船员们不得不放弃正在下沉的船，登上救生艇。） (4)The local police sent a team to ______ the hikers lost in the mountain.（当地警方派出一支队伍去营救在山里迷路的徒步旅行者。） (5)Long-distance running requires great physical ______ and mental strength.（长跑需要极强的体力耐力和意志力。） (6)The heavy rain caused a natural ______ in the southern part of the country.（暴雨在该国南部引发了一场自然灾害。） (7)The temperature dropped so low that the river began to ______.（气温降得很低，河水开始结冰。） (8)They decided to ______ across the Atlantic Ocean in a small boat.（他们决定乘小船横渡大西洋。） (9)Scientists want to ______ the unknown areas of the deep sea.（科学家们想要探索深海的未知区域。） (10)After a whole day’s work, he felt completely ______.（工作了一整天后，他感到筋疲力尽。） Keys： 1-5：expedition; survive; abandon; rescue; endurance 6-10: disaster; freeze; sail; explore; exhausted 学科网（北京）股份有限公4 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $