Unit 5 Working the Land 词汇句型 学案 -2026-2027学年英语人教版选择性必修第一册

UNIT 5 WORKING THE LAND 一、核心词汇 1.devote vt.把……献(给)；专心于 (1) devote...to (doing) sth. 把……奉献给；把……专注于；献身；致力 devote oneself to (doing) sth. 致力于(做)某事；献身于(做)某事 be devoted to (doing) sth. 专心于(做)某事；致力于(做)某事 (2) devoted adj. 挚爱的；忠诚的 devotion n． 奉献；忠诚；挚爱 【即时小练】 ◎单句填空 (1) With unwavering ____________ (devote), he devoted every minute to_______ (improve) agricultural technology. (2) He is devoted to ____________ (study) the growth of hybrid plants in arid areas. (3) ___________ (devote) to the study of science, she had little time to tend to her children. ◎佳句巧写 (4)我们应该致力于保护土地资源，为后代留下绿色家园。 We should _______________________________________________ to leave a green home for future generations. ◎ 佳句背诵 Yuan Longping devoted his lifelong energy to hybrid rice research, and his devotion inspired millions of people to work for agricultural development. 袁隆平毕生致力于杂交水稻研究，他的奉献精神激励了数百万人投身农业发展。(适用于应用文写作之人物介绍) 2.shortage n. 短缺；不足 (1) a shortage of... 缺乏… (a/an) food/water/labor/energy shortage 食物/水/劳动力/能源短缺 (2) short adj. 短缺的；不足的；短的 be short of… 缺乏… be short for… 是…的简称 (3) shorten v. 缩短 【即时小练】 ◎ 单句填空 (1) Due to the drought, there is a severe __________(short) of water in the rural areas nearby. (2) Farmers in the remote village are short __________ water-saving irrigation equipment and can’t improve yield easily. (3) “Org farming” is short __________“organic farming” and is widely used in agricultural reports. ◎佳句巧写 (4) 杂交水稻的发明帮助中国解决了粮食短缺的问题，显著改善了农民的生活。 (solve the shortage of ) The invention of hybrid rice ________________________________________________ and significantly _____________________________________. ◎ 佳句背诵 The shortage of grain and water is a major challenge for agricultural development, and only by developing scientific farming methods can we solve this problem fundamentally. 粮食和水资源短缺是农业发展的重大挑战，只有通过发展科学种植方法，我们才能从根本上解决这个问题。(适用于应用文写作之倡议信) 3. convince vt.使相信；使确信；说服 (1) convince sb. of sth. 使某人确信/明白某事 convince sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事 convince sb. that... 使某人相信…… (2) convinced adj. 确信的；坚信的 be convinced (that...) /of... (某人)坚信…… (3) convincing adj. 令人信服的 【即时小练】 ◎ 单句填空 (1) Yuan Longping’s successful research on hybrid rice convinced many countries _______ China's ability to achieve food security. (2) He tried to convince me ____________ (join) the agricultural research team. (3) After visiting the modern organic farm, I was firmly ______________ (convince) that eco-friendly farming could feed the world. ◎ 佳句巧写 (4) 你在耕作时的专注投入，展现了你能从无到有创造成功的能力，使我们坚信能将这项重要任务托付给你。 Your dedication while_____________________ has demonstrated your ability to cultivate success from the ground up and convinced us _________________________________________. ◎ 佳句背诵 The scientist spent years collecting evidence to convince the world of the feasibility of his new agricultural technology. 这位科学家花了数年时间收集证据，让世界相信他的新农业技术的可行性。(适用于应用文写作之人物介绍) 4.assumption n．假定；设定；(责任的)承担；(权力的)获得 (1) on the assumption that... 假定…… make an assumption 作出臆断 (2) assume v． 假定；设想；承担；假装 assume sb./sth. (to be)＋adj./n. 假定/认为某人/某事(为)…… It is generally assumed that... 人们普遍认为…… (3) assuming conj. 假如 assuming (that) ... 假设…… 【即时小练】 ◎ 单句填空 (1) We should not make _______________ (assume) about the effect of the new fertilizer without experiments. (2) ____________ (assume) that the weather is fine, we will go to the farm to observe crop growth. (3) He is assumed ___________ (be) responsible for the project of soil improvement. ◎ 佳句巧写 (4) People assume that drinking Chinese tea can not only refresh ourselves but also strengthen our memory. (用it作形式主语和not only... but also...的倒装句) →______________________not only ___________________________________________ ___________________but also strengthen our memory. ◎ 佳句背诵 It is a common assumption that modern agriculture relies too much on chemicals, but in fact, many eco-friendly methods are being promoted. 人们普遍认为现代农业过于依赖化学品，但事实上，许多环保方法正在推广。(适用于应用文写作之倡议信) 5.estimate v.&n. 估计；估价；估算 (1) estimate sth. at + 数字 估计某物为…… (数量) It is estimated that... 据估计…… (2) an estimate of... 对……的估计 (3) estimated adj. 估计的；预计的 【即时小练】 ◎ 单句填空 (1) The ____________ (estimate) cost of this agricultural project is about 1 million yuan. (2) Farmers estimate the total grain output of the village ____________ approximately 100 tons this year. (3) We have made an estimate ____________ the amount of fertilizer needed for the experimental field. ◎ 佳句巧写 (4) 据估计，这种生态种植方法能帮助农民减少30%的农药使用量。 (It is estimated that...) →_______________________ this eco-friendly planting method ______________________ ________________________________ by 30%. ◎ 佳句背诵 It is difficult to estimate the exact benefit of agricultural technological innovation, but it is certain that it will help farmers increase yield and reduce costs. 很难估计农业技术创新带来的确切效益，但可以肯定的是，它将帮助农民增产减耗。(适用于应用文写作之倡议信) 6.essential adj. 必不可少的；极其重要的；本质的 n. 实质；要点；必需品 (1) be essential for/to sth. 对某事来说必不可少 it is essential that...(should) do sth. 至关重要的是…… it is essential for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是极其重要的 (2) essentially adv. 本质上；根本上 【即时小练】 (1) Rich nutrients in the soil are essential __________ the healthy growth of seedlings. (2) It is essential for us __________ (learn) about sustainable agriculture to protect the land. (3) It is essential that we __________ (protect) farmland from pollution to ensure food security. (4) Seeds, fertilizer and tools are basic __________ (essential) for working the land. ◎ 佳句巧写 (5) 人们普遍认为，对农民来说掌握生态种植技巧是必不可少的。 → It is widely believed that ________________________________ the skills of ecological planting. ◎ 佳句背诵 It is essential that we balance agricultural production and environmental protection. Essentially, it is also essential for every farmer to practice eco-friendly farming methods. 我们必须平衡农业生产与环境保护；本质上，对每个农民来说，践行环保种植方法也是必不可少的。(适用于应用文写作之演讲稿) 7. alternative n．可供选择的事物 adj.可供替代的；非传统的 (1) have no alternative but to do sth. 别无选择只好做某事 an alternative to sth. 某物的替代品 (2) alternatively adv. 可供选择地 【即时小练】 ◎ 单句填空 (1) Due to the drought, they had no alternative but ____________(adjust) their planting plan and grow drought-resistant crops. (2) We can use water-saving irrigation technology; ________________ (alternative), we can collect rainwater to water the crops. (3) Organic farming is often considered a sustainable alternative __________ conventional agriculture. ◎ 佳句巧写 (4) 面对土壤污染，农民们别无选择只好放弃传统种植方式，转向生态农业。 → Faced with soil pollution, farmers _______________________________________ ___________________and turn to ecological agriculture. (5) 生物农药是化学杀虫剂的一种安全替代品，有利于环境保护。 → Biological pesticides are a safe _______________________________________, which ____________________________________________________. ◎ 佳句背诵 If we wish to leave a green planet for our children, we have no alternative but to strike a balance between economic growth and environmental protection now. 如果我们想为子孙后代留下一个绿色的星球，我们现在别无选择，必须在经济增长和环境保护之间取得平衡。(适用于应用文写作之演讲稿) 8. comprise vt. 包括；包含；由……组成 be comprised of 包括；包含；由……组成 be made up of... 由……组成 be composed of ... 由……组成 consist of ... 由……组成(没有被动语态) make up 构成；组成；化妆；编造；虚构；和解 【即时小练】 ◎ 单句填空 (1) ____________ (comprise) of rich soil, a reliable water source, and diverse crops, the small ecological farm serves as a model for sustainable agriculture. (2) The research team ____________(make) up of agronomists, biologists, and local farmers. (3) A productive farm system ____________ (consist) of several key parts, including soil management, water use, and crop diversity. ◎ 佳句巧写 (4) 一片肥沃的土壤是由矿物质、有机质、水和空气组成的。 → Fertile soil _________________________ minerals, organic matter, water, and air. ◎ 佳句背诵 A truly sustainable agricultural system is comprised of not only healthy soil and efficient water use, but also the protection of biodiversity and the adoption of organic practices. 一个真正可持续的农业系统由健康的土壤、高效的用水、生物多样性的保护以及有机耕作方式的采用共同组成。(适用于应用文写作之演讲稿) 9. in turn 转而；相应地；反过来；依次；轮流 by turns 轮流 take turns to do sth. 轮流做某事 It is one’s turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事 turn out 结果是；生产；制造 【即时小练】 ◎ 单句填空 (1) It is your turn ____________ (check) the soil humidity and add proper fertiliser. (2) The experiment to improve crop yield ____________ (turn) out to be more successful than we expected. (3) To ensure fair usage of the irrigation system, the farmers in the village agreed to water their fields ____________ turns. ◎ 佳句巧写 (4) 为了保证幼苗正常生长，农民们每天轮流浇水和施肥。 → To ensure the normal growth of the seedlings, farmers ________________________ water and fertilize them every day. ◎ 佳句背诵 What began as a small act of kindness turned out to be the beginning of a lifelong friendship. 最初一个小小的善举，最终竟成了一段终生友谊的开始。(适用于读后续写之主题升华) 二、重点句型 1.Given that Yuan’s hybrids made him quite wealthy, one might think he would have retired to a life of leisure. 考虑到杂交水稻使袁隆平变得相当富有，人们可能认为他会退休享受闲适的生活。 (1) given that 引导原因状语从句，意为“鉴于，考虑到”，用于引出已知的前提事实。其中that不能省略。 (2) given也可作介词，后接名词/名词短语，表“考虑到……”，此时可与considering互换。 【即时小练】 ◎单句填空 (1) ________ (give) that the local soil lacks organic matter, we need to apply more compost. (2) Given the importance of preserving traditional seed varieties, many agricultural research centers _____________________ (establish) special gene banks to store them in recent years. ◎佳句巧写 (3) 鉴于全球粮食需求持续增长，我们必须加快培育高产作物。 _________________ the global demand for food keeps growing, we must ____________ the cultivation of ____________________. ◎佳句背诵 Given that your university boasts a leading research center in environmental science, I am writing to apply for the Master’s program in Ecology. 鉴于贵校在环境科学领域拥有领先的研究中心，我特此写信申请生态学硕士项目。(适用于应用文写作之申请信) 2. However, what concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat. 然而，最让他担忧的是农民的收成往往很差，有时甚至严重缺粮。 (1) what concerned him most是what引导的主语从句，what在从句中充当主语，意为“……的事情”。 (2) that farmers often had poor harvests…是that引导的表语从句，that仅起连接作用，不充当句子成分，用于说明主语的具体内容。 【即时小练】 ◎单句填空 (1) _________ we need to focus on now is ______ we should improve water use efficiency in farming. (2) _______ surprises us most is ______the new hybrid seeds have doubled the yield in a single season. ◎佳句巧写 (3) 最让农业研究者欣慰的是他们培育的抗旱作物已在干旱地区推广。 ___________________________________ most is that the drought-resistant crops they developed have been promoted in arid areas. ◎佳句背诵 What concerns us most is that many reusable resources end up in landfills due to a lack of recycling awareness. 最令我们担忧的是，许多可重复利用的资源因缺乏回收意识而最终被填埋。(适用于应用文写作之演讲稿) UNIT 5 WORKING THE LAND答案 一、核心词汇 1. (1) devotion; improving (2) studying (3) Devoted (4) be devoted to protecting land resources 2. (1) shortage (2)of (3)for (4) helped China solve the shortage of food ; improved the lives of farmers. 3. (1) of (2) to join (3)convinced (4) working the land ; to entrust you with this important task 4. (1) assumptions (2) Assuming (3) to be (4) It is assumed that; can drinking Chinese tea refresh ourselves 5. (1) estimated (2) at (3) of (4) It is estimated that ; can help farmers reduce pesticide use 6. (1) for/ to (2) to learn (3) (should) protect (4) essentials (5) it is essential for farmers to master 7. (1) to adjust (2) alternatively (3) to (4) had no alternative but to abandon traditional planting methods (5) alternative to chemical pesticides; is beneficial to environmental protection 8. (1) Comprised (2) is made (3) consists (4) is comprised of/is composed of / is made up of /consists of 9. (1) to check (2)turned (3)by (4)take turns to 二、重点句型 1. (1) Given (2) have established (3) Given that; accelerate/speed up; high-yield crops 2. (1) What, that (2) What, that (3) What comforts agricultural researchers 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $