Unit 5 Working the Land 词汇 清单-2026-2027学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第一册

选必一 Unit 5 Working the Land Language Points 1. devote vt.把……献(给)；把……专用于；专心于(常与介词to连用) (devoted adj.挚爱的；全心全意的；忠诚的devotion n.奉献；忠诚；挚爱) Eg Indeed，his slim but strong body was just like that of millions of Chinese farmers，to whom he had devoted his life.确实，他瘦削但结实的身躯看起来和他为之奉献了一生的千千万万的中国农民一样。 devote...to把……用于；献身；致力；专心 devote one's time/life/energy to… 将某人的时间/生命/精力献于…… devote oneself to（to为介词）致力于；献身于 be devoted to（to为介词）专心于；致力于；献身于 Eg Devoted to scientific research wholeheartedly, he spends little time with his family. 他全心全意投身科研，很少陪伴家人。 2. convince vt.使相信；使确信；说服(convincing adj.有说服力的；使人信服的convinced adj.确信的；坚信的) Eg Yuan was convinced that the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice.袁隆平确信答案可以在杂交水稻的培育中找到。 convince sb of sth使某人相信某事 convince sb that...使某人相信…… convince sb to do sth说服某人做某事 be convinced (that)/of...坚信/确信…… Eg Convinced that my most reliable friend，Li Hua，has the ability to do the job，I am writing to recommend him to you. 深信我最可靠的朋友李华具备胜任该工作的能力，特此致信向您推荐。 3. assumption n.假定；设定；(责任的)承担；(权力的)获得(assume v.假定；认为；承担；担任assuming conj.假定；假设) Eg The common assumption then was that it could not be done. 当时人们普遍认为这是不可能实现的。 on the assumption that...假定…… assume sb/sth to be＋adj./n.假定/认为某人/某事(为)…… It is assumed that...人们认为…… assuming (that)...假设…… Eg Assuming that I am chosen to be chairman of the Student Council，I will organize more colorful after-class activities，varying from English speech competitions to outdoor sports.若我有幸当选学生会主席，我将组织更多丰富多彩的课余活动，涵盖英语演讲比赛到户外运动等多种形式。 Eg People generally assume that/It is generally assumed that drinking tea can not only make us more energetic but also improve our memory.人们普遍认为喝茶不仅能使我们更有活力，还能提高我们的记忆力。 4. comprise vt.包括；包含；由……组成（composer n. 作曲家；创作者composition n. 创作；构成；作品；成分） Eg Today，it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuan’s hybrid strains，and his strains have allowed China’s farmers to produce around 200 million tons of rice per year. 据估算，现在中国国内消费的稻米有大约60%来自袁隆平的杂交水稻品种形成的作物，这些品种(形成的作物)让中国农民每年能够生产出大约两亿吨稻米。 be comprised of 由……组成;构成 be composed of 由……组成 be made up of 由……组成 consist of 由……组成（双无） Eg The festival this year, (which is) comprised/composed/made up of music shows，food fairs, and art displays, is expected to attract thousands of visitors.今年,由音乐表演、美食集市和艺术展览组成的这个节日预计将吸引数千名游客。 5. in turn 相应地;转而;依次;轮流 by turns 时而;轮流,交替 in one's turn 轮到某人 take turns to do sth/in doing sth轮流做某事 It is one's turn to do sth. 该轮到某人做某事了。 It turns/turned out that...结果是……，证明是…… Eg We suggest the school set up more study groups; students can share notes and discuss difficult problems, which in turn will improve their learning efficiency. 我们建议学校组建更多学习小组；学生可以分享笔记、讨论难题，这进而会提高他们的学习效率。 Eg Some student representatives took turns to deliver speeches at the ceremony. Finally it was my turn to speak. 一些学生代表在典礼上轮流发言。终于轮到我发言了。 6. essential adj.完全必要的；极其重要的 Eg They may look beautiful on the outside，but inside there is usually more water than essential minerals，and they often have less flavour as well.此类作物外表靓丽，而内里却经常是水分多于必需矿物质，并且往往口感较差。 be essential to/for...对……很重要 It is essential that...(should)do... 做……是完全必要的。 It is essential for sb to do...对某人来说做……是完全必要的。 Eg In reality, learning about the history of the Tang Dynasty is essential to/for you before learning Tang poems. 事实上，在学习唐诗之前，了解唐朝的历史对你来说是必不可少的。 Eg It is essential that the public (should) team up with one another/for the public to team up with one another to work out practical plans regarding building a Green Beijing. 公众应该相互合作，共同制定建设绿色北京的切实可行的计划，这是很必要的。 7. alternative n.可供选择的事物 adj.可供替代的；非传统的(alternatively adv.要不，或者) Eg As an alternative，some farmers have switched to organic farming，and many customers have turned to organic food when they shop at the local grocery. 作为一种替代方法，有些农民已经转向有机耕作，而且许多消费者在当地食杂店购物时，也转而选择有机食品。 have no alternative but to do sth=(=can do nothing but do…) 别无选择只好做某事 There's no alternative but to do sth.别无选择只好做某事。 have the alternative of doing sth有做某事的选择 an alternative to... ……的替代品 Eg Faced with the current worrying situation of the ocean, human beings have no alternative/choice but to/can do nothing but cooperate with each other to tackle the crisis. After all, nothing can be an alternative to the ocean.面对令人担忧的海洋现状,人类别无选择只能相互合作来应对这一危机。毕竟,没有什么能替代海洋。 Eg Overcome with helplessness，I had no alternative but to turn to the taxi driver for help and the driver readily promised to help me out of difficulty. 非常无助，我别无选择只好向出租车司机求助，司机欣然答应帮我摆脱困境。 重要句式 1. given that 引导原因状语从句 Eg Given that Yuan’s hybrids made him quite wealthy，one might think he would have retired to a life of leisure.鉴于袁隆平开发杂交水稻而变得相当富有，有人可能认为他会退休享受悠闲的生活。 given that用作连词，可根据语境译为“考虑到、鉴于”； 其他同义表达有considering/regarding (鉴于、考虑到)，supposing(假如)，assuming(假使)，as long as (只要) Eg Given that you are keen on table tennis，I am writing to tell you that the Table Tennis Team of our school is recruiting new members at present.考虑到你痴迷于乒乓球，我写信告诉你我们学校的乒乓球队现在正招募新队员。 Eg Given/Considering that you're keen on the traditional Chinese festival，Dragon Boat Festival,I'm writing to introduce it to you.鉴于你对中国传统节日端午节很感兴趣,我写信向你介绍这一节日。 2. 同位语从句 Eg What keeps them from doing so is the fact that chemical farming serves the high demand for food around the world. 他们不能如愿的原因是化学耕作满足了世界各地对粮食的高需求。 ①同位语从句是对从句前面的名词的解释,说明前面的名词的具体含义。 ②可以跟同位语从句的名词有news，idea，fact，promise，question，doubt，thought，hope，message，suggestion，word(消息；诺言)，possibility等。 ③引导同位语从句的连接词有：从属连词that，whether，连接代词 what，who，which，连接副词 how，when，where，why等。(注意：if不能引导同位语从句) Eg I heard the news from your school that your school is holding a writing activity named “How to use English to narrate your Chinese story”. 3. too...to...结构 Eg As for chemical fertilisers，crops grown with them usually grow too fast to be rich in nutrition.至于化肥，用其施肥的农作物通常生长得过快而营养不足。 句中的too fast to be rich in nutrition为too...to...结构，too＋adj./adv.＋to do sth意为“太……而不能……”，表示否定含义。 此结构在以下情况中也可表示肯定意义： ①too后跟anxious，eager，glad，happy，pleased，ready，willing等表示心情、心理活动状态或心理倾向的形容词时； ②too前有but，only，all等词对其进行修饰时； ③否定词not，never等用在too前时。 Eg Seeing such a crowd of audience below the stage，he was too nervous to know what to say. 看到舞台下有那么多的观众，他紧张得不知道说什么。 Eg I was too excited to be close to tears when I heard the news that I won first prize in the writing competition.当我听到我在写作比赛中获得第一名的消息时，我激动得几乎要哭出来了。 4. 现在分词短语作结果状语 Eg Why different crops are grown is that they put important minerals back into the ground，making it ready for the next batch of crops. 种植不同的作物是因为它们把重要的矿物质带回土壤之中，从而使土壤为种植下一批农作物做好准备。 此句是一个复合句，句子的主语是Why引导的主语从句，that they put important minerals back into the ground是that引导的表语从句，making it ready for the next batch of crops是现在分词短语作结果状语。 现在分词短语作结果状语，表示一种自然而然的结果； 不定式作结果状语，则表示一种出乎意料的结果，往往用only/never to do结构。 Eg Mac was nearly caught by the fierce wolf，throwing him into a world of darkness and hopelessness. 马克差点被恶狼抓住，这把他扔进黑暗和绝望的世界。 Eg Jane left alone with extreme anger，only to find that she was lost in the unfamiliar forest. 简非常愤怒地独自离开，结果发现她在陌生的树林中迷路了。 ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $