Unit1-3 单元知识点总结学案(期中备考)2026-2027学年仁爱科普版英语七年级上册

2026-10-26
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仁爱科普版(2024)七年级上册 Units 1—3 知识精讲与语法精练 整理人:Joe 适用对象:七年级上学期期中同步学习 / 单元复习 / 阶段检测 编写原则:以教材话题为纲,以“词—块—句—法”四级递进为路径;语法讲解覆盖规则—形式—意义—易错四个维度,练习按识记—理解—运用分层设计。 Unit 1 Let’s Be Friends! 话题功能:问候与介绍、询问个人信息(姓名、年龄、来源、班级、爱好);结交朋友。 一、核心单词(含词形拓展与易混提示) 类别 核心词 拓展/易混 人际 friend, classmate, friendly friend(n.)→ friendly(adj.)(词性为重要考点);be friendly to sb. = be kind/nice to sb. 个人信息 name, age, class, grade, year How old 问年龄;What class/grade 问班级/年级 爱好 hobby, music, sport, reading, drawing, singing hobby → hobbies(辅音+y,变y为i加es) 形容词 happy, unhappy, same, different, new, tall, short, young, old same 前常加 the;different 后接 from 动词 like, enjoy, play, listen, draw, sing, dance, help, meet, let enjoy doing;like doing / to do;let sb. do 易错拼写:friend(ie 顺序,不是 “freind”);hobby → hobbies;different(双 f,末尾 -ent,不是 -ant)。 二、核心短语(按功能归类) 功能 短语 关键提示 来自/介绍 be / come from 后接国家、城市、省份 交友 make friends with sb. with 不可省;friends 必须用复数 友好 be friendly / kind / nice to sb. 三个形容词可替换,介词固定用 to 喜欢 like doing / to do;enjoy doing;love doing / to do enjoy 只能接 -ing,不接 to do 帮助 help sb. with sth.;help sb. (to) do sth.;help each other with 后接名词;do 前 to 可省略 文体活动 play football / basketball / chess;play the guitar / the piano 球棋无 the,乐器有 the 其他 listen to music;draw pictures;at / in school;such as listen 后 to 不可丢 三、核心句型(按交际功能,附应答) 1. 问候与介绍 —Good morning / afternoon / evening! —Good morning / afternoon / evening! —Hello! / Hi! —Hello! / Hi! —How are you? —I’m fine / OK, thanks. —Nice to meet you. —Nice to meet you, too. —How do you do? —How do you do?(初次见面,双方同一句) —This is my friend, Jane.(向别人介绍第三方,不用 “She is my friend” 在当面介绍时更自然的是 This is ...) 2. 询问个人信息 —What’s your / his / her name? —My / His / Her name is ... / I’m ... / He’s ... —How old are you / is he / is she? —I’m 12 (years old). / He’s 13. —Where are you / is he / is she from? —I’m / He’s / She’s from China. —What class / grade are you / is he in? —I’m in Class 3, Grade 7. —Which class are you in? —I’m in Class 2.(which 强调“哪一个”) 3. 询问与表达爱好 —What’s your hobby? —My hobby is reading. / I like reading. —Do you like music? —Yes, I do. / No, I don’t. —Does he / she like sports? —Yes, he / she does. / No, he / she doesn’t. 四、知识点精要(Unit 1 专属) 1. be 动词的主谓一致(口诀+解释) I 用 am,you 用 are,is 连着他她它;单数名词用 is,复数名词都用 are。 · I am a student. / You are my friend. / He / She / It is here. · This is a book. / These are books. / The girl is tall. / The girls are tall. 注意:主语为“this / that / my friend / Tom”等单数,用 is;主语为“these / those / Tom and Jack / my friends”等复数,用 are。 2. 形容词性物主代词(my / your / his / her) 形容词性物主代词必须修饰名词,不能单独使用: · ✅ This is my book. / Her name is Lucy. · ❌ This is my.(应加名词或改用名词性物主代词 mine) · ❌ She name is Lucy.(应用 Her,不是 She) 3. 一般现在时的初步感知(Unit 1 层面) Unit 1 同时出现两类谓语:be 动词和实义动词。含实义动词时,主语为 I / you / we / they / 复数名词 → 动词原形;主语为 he / she / it / 单数名词 → 动词加 -s / -es(详见 Unit 2 语法精讲)。 五、语法精练(be 动词 & 一般现在时初步) A. 用 am / is / are 填空 1. I ______ a middle school student. My sister ______ a primary school student. 2. —______ you from Beijing? —No, I ______ from Shanghai. 3. Tom and Jack ______ my classmates. Tom ______ tall, and Jack ______ short. 4. This ______ my new schoolbag. These ______ my books. 5. —How old ______ your brother? —He ______ ten. 6. The girls ______ very friendly. The boy ______ friendly, too. 7. It ______ a nice picture. Those ______ nice pictures, too. 8. —______ your name Li Hua? —Yes, it ______. B. 用括号内动词的适当形式填空 9. I ______ (like) swimming. My brother ______ (like) running. 10. She ______ (enjoy) listening to music. 11. They ______ (play) football after school every day. 12. He ______ (go) to school by bike. 13. My sister ______ (study) English hard. 14. We ______ (not like) the same sport. 15. —______ your friend ______ (come) from Canada? —Yes, he ______. 16. Kate ______ (watch) TV every evening, but she ______ (not watch) it on school nights. C. 单项选择 17. —______ your brother like music? —Yes, he ______. A. Do; do  B. Does; does  C. Is; is  D. Does; is 18. Mary ______ drawing, but she ______ singing. A. likes; doesn’t like  B. like; don’t like  C. likes; isn’t like  D. like; not like 19. —Where ______ you from? —I ______ from Fujian. A. is; am  B. are; am  C. are; is  D. do; am 20. This is ______ friend. ______ name is Lucy. A. I; She  B. my; Her  C. my; She  D. me; Her 21. We ______ to school on foot every day. A. goes  B. going  C. go  D. went 22. —Is this ______ ruler? —No, it’s ______. A. your; her  B. yours; hers  C. your; hers  D. yours; her D. 句型转换 23. I am in Class One.(改为否定句) I ______ ______ in Class One. 24. She likes drawing pictures.(改为一般疑问句) ______ she ______ drawing pictures? 25. My name is Li Hua.(对划线部分提问) ______ ______ name? 26. They come from Canada.(对划线部分提问) ______ ______ they ______ from? 27. He goes to school by bike.(对划线部分提问) ______ ______ he ______ to school? 参考答案与解析 A  1. am; is(I→am;my sister 单数→is) 2. Are; am(you→are;I→am) 3. are; is; is(Tom and Jack 复数→are;Tom / Jack 单数→is) 4. is; are(this 单数;these 复数) 5. is; is(your brother 单数) 6. are; is(girls 复数;boy 单数) 7. is; are(it 单数;those 复数) 8. Is; is(your name 单数) B  9. like; likes(I 原形;my brother 三单) 10. enjoys(she 三单,直接加 -s) 11. play(they 原形) 12. goes(go 以 -o 结尾,三单加 -es) 13. studies(辅音+y,变 y 为 i 加 -es) 14. don’t like(we 否定用 don’t + 原形) 15. Does; come; does(Does 后动词还原;肯定回答用 does) 16. watches; doesn’t watch(Kate 三单;否定用 doesn’t + 原形) C  17. B(your brother 三单,助动词 Does,肯定回答 does) 18. A(Mary 三单,likes;否定 doesn’t like) 19. B(you→are;I→am) 20. B(my 修饰 friend;Her 修饰 name) 21. C(we 原形 go) 22. C(your 后接名词;hers 单独使用,= her ruler) D  23. am not 24. Does; like 25. What is 26. Where do; come 27. How does; go Unit 2 Meet My Family! 话题功能:介绍家庭成员、描述职业与外貌、谈论家庭活动;语法重心:实义动词一般现在时(含三单)、名词所有格、冠词、连词。 一、核心单词(含兼类词、词形转换) 类别 核心词 拓展/易混 家庭成员 father, mother, parent(s), brother, sister, grandfather, grandmother, aunt, uncle, cousin parent 常用复数 parents 统称“父母”;grand- 构词 职业 doctor, teacher, worker, farmer, driver, nurse, cook cook 兼 v./n.;nurse 可作 v. 兼类词 study v. 学习 / n. 书房;work v. / n. 工作;look v. 看起来 / n. 看;hard adv. 努力地 / adj. 困难的 look like(看起来像);look after(照顾) 描述 busy, white, middle, most, every be busy with sth.;middle school 动词短语 wear, live, help, enjoy live with sb.;enjoy doing 词形:study → studies(三单);busy → busier(拓展);have → has(三单不规则)。 二、核心短语(分类记忆) 类别 短语 家庭活动 watch TV, walk the dog, go to the park, go shopping, do chores, set the table, clean up, have dinner 家务与互助 help sb. (to) do sth., help sb. with sth., help a lot, do something for ... 时间与频率 on Saturdays / on weekends, in the morning / afternoon / evening, at noon / night, after work / dinner, most of the time 描述与关系 in a / the + 颜色 + 名词(穿着……颜色的……), live with sb., a photo of ..., look after, look like, be busy with sth. 职业询问 What does sb. do? = What is sb.? = What is sb’s job? 三、核心句型 1. 介绍家庭成员与职业 This is my father. He is a doctor. What does your mother do? —She is a teacher. What is your father? —He is a worker.(= What does your father do?) Where does he work? —He works in a hospital. 2. 描述外貌与穿着 He is tall / short / strong / thin. He has short hair / big eyes.(has 三单) That woman in a blue dress is my aunt. She looks nice in white.(look 在此为系动词,后接形容词) 3. “有”的表达(have / has) I / We / They have a big family. He / She has a small family. 否定:I don’t have ... / He doesn’t have ... 疑问:Do you have ...? / Does he have ...? 4. 选择疑问句 —Is your father a doctor or a teacher? —He is a doctor.(不用 Yes / No 回答) 四、知识点精要(Unit 2 专属) 1. 名词所有格(“谁的……”) 构成规则 示例 注意 单数名词 + ’s Lucy’s room; my father’s car 不以 -s 结尾的单数一律加’s 以 -s 结尾的复数名词 + ’ my friends’ photos; Teachers’ Day 先变复数,再加 ’ 不规则复数 + ’s Women’s Day; Children’s Day 不是以 -s 结尾的复数,仍加 ’s 共同拥有:A and B + ’s + n. Tom and Jim’s room(两人共住一间) 只在最后一名加 ’s 分别拥有:A’s and B’s + n.(复数) Tom’s and Jim’s books(各自的书) 每个名词后都加 ’s,被修饰名词用复数 双重所有格(拓展感知):a friend of my father’s(我父亲的一位朋友)。 2. 冠词 a / an / the a / an 看发音,不看字母: · a university(/juː/ 辅音音素开头); an hour(h 不发音,/aʊ/ 元音音素开头) · a useful book; an uncle(/ʌ/ 元音音素) · an honest boy(h 不发音); a hospital(h 发音) the 的特指:the sun, the door, the girl in red;不用冠词:by bike / by bus(交通工具固定搭配),at school / in class(表功能)。 3. 连词 and / but / or / so 连词 功能 示例 and 并列/递进 I like apples and bananas. but 转折 He is old, but he is strong. or 选择(选择疑问句);否定句中并列 Is he a doctor or a teacher? / She can’t sing or dance. so 因果 It is raining, so we stay at home. 选择疑问句结构:一般疑问句 + or + 对照选项? —— 不能用 Yes / No 回答。 4. 实义动词一般现在时(Unit 2 核心语法,详见下文“语法深度解析”) 五、语法精练(名词所有格、冠词、连词、实义动词一般现在时) A. 名词所有格 用所给名词的正确形式填空 1. This is ______ (Lucy) room. It’s tidy. 2. ______ (Tom and Jim) room is big. They share it. 3. Those are my ______ (friend) photos. 4. ______ (Women) Day is on March 8th. 5. This is ______ (Tom) book and that is ______ (Jim) book.(分别拥有) 6. ______ (Children) Day is on June 1st. 7. The ______ (teacher) office is on the second floor.(老师们共用的办公室) B. 冠词填空(不需要冠词的填“/”) 8. She is ______ honest girl. 9. My father is ______ doctor. He works in ______ big hospital. 10. Look at ______ sun. It’s a fine day. 11. I go to school by ______ bike every day. 12. There is ______ “u” and ______ “l” in the word “rule”. 13. He is ______ university student. He has ______ hour to finish the work. 14. We have ______ English class in ______ morning. C. 连词填空(and / but / or / so) 15. I like apples ______ bananas. 16. He is old, ______ he is strong. 17. —Is your friend a boy ______ a girl? —A boy. 18. It is raining, ______ we stay at home. 19. She can’t sing ______ dance. 20. I want to go swimming, ______ I have no time. D. 实义动词一般现在时 用括号内动词的适当形式填空 21. My father ______ (work) in a hospital. 22. He ______ (not watch) TV on school nights. 23. —______ your sister ______ (have) a new bike? —Yes, she ______. 24. Tom and Jack ______ (study) in the same school. 25. My mother ______ (go) to work by bus every day. 26. She ______ (do) her homework after dinner. 27. They ______ (not live) with us. 28. —What ______ he usually ______ (do) after school? —He ______ (play) basketball. E. 单项选择 29. —Is this ______ ruler? —No, it’s ______. A. your; her  B. yours; hers  C. your; hers  D. yours; her 30. There is ______ “h” and ______ “o” in the word “hello”. A. a; an  B. an; an  C. an; a  D. a; a 31. I want to go swimming, ______ I have no time. A. and  B. but  C. or  D. so 32. —Does your father ______ TV every evening? —No, he ______. A. watch; doesn’t  B. watches; doesn’t  C. watch; isn’t  D. watches; isn’t 33. ______ mother is a nurse. She works hard. A. Lily and Lucy  B. Lily’s and Lucy  C. Lily and Lucy’s  D. Lily’s and Lucy’s 34. My brother ______ his homework at home every day. A. doesn’t  B. doesn’t do  C. don’t do  D. isn’t do 35. —______ your parents ______ in a big city? —Yes, they do. A. Do; live  B. Does; live  C. Are; live  D. Do; lives 参考答案与解析 A  1. Lucy’s(单数 + ’s) 2. Tom and Jim’s(共同拥有,最后加 ’s) 3. friends’(以 -s 结尾复数,直接加 ’) 4. Women’s(不规则复数加 ’s) 5. Tom’s; Jim’s(分别拥有) 6. Children’s(不规则复数) 7. teachers’(以 -s 结尾复数) B  8. an(honest 的 h 不发音,元音音素开头) 9. a; a(doctor / big 均为辅音音素开头) 10. the(特指太阳) 11. /(by + 交通工具不加冠词) 12. a; an(字母 u 发 /juː/,辅音音素;字母 l 发 /el/,元音音素) 13. a; an(university 发 /juː/;hour 的 h 不发音) 14. an; the(English 元音音素;in the morning 固定搭配) C  15. and(并列) 16. but(转折) 17. or(选择疑问句) 18. so(因果) 19. or(否定句并列) 20. but(前后转折) D  21. works(father 三单) 22. doesn’t watch(三单否定,动词还原) 23. Does; have; does(Does 后还原;肯定回答 does) 24. study(复数主语原形) 25. goes(三单,-o 结尾加 -es) 26. does(三单) 27. don’t live(they 否定,原形) 28. does; do; plays(Does 后还原;答语 he 三单 plays) E  29. C(第一空形容词性物主代词 + 名词;第二空名词性物主代词单独使用) 30. B(h /eɪtʃ/ 和 o /əʊ/ 均元音音素开头) 31. B(转折) 32. A(Does 后原形;否定回答 doesn’t) 33. C(Lily 和 Lucy 共同拥有) 34. B(三单否定用 doesn’t + 原形 do) 35. A(parents 复数,Do; live) Unit 3 Our Colorful School Life 话题功能:谈论课程表、时间、上学方式、校园活动与场所;语法重心:There be 句型、时间表达、频度副词、可数名词复数。 一、核心单词(分类) 类别 核心词 学科 Chinese, English, math(s), biology, geography, history, art, music, PE, computer science 场所 library, playground, gym, dining hall, building, classroom, garden, teachers’ office, floor, stop(车站) 时间 o’clock, half, quarter, past, begin, end, during 活动 club, activity, flag, sport, game, photo, part(参与;部分) 频度 always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never 词形:colour → colourful;life → lives;library → libraries;country → countries。 二、核心短语 类别 短语 交通方式 by underground / bus / bike / car / train / plane; on foot; take the underground / a bus; ride a bike; drive a car 时间与课程 at 8 o’clock; half past eight; a quarter past / to ...; begin at; be over; It’s time for sth. / to do sth. 校园活动 take part in; raise the national flag; put on(举办/上演); take photos; have great fun; talk about; find out; learn about 场所方位 on the playground; next to; far from; in class; after school; after-school activities 频率与程度 How often ...?; once / twice / three times a week; a lot of / lots of; most of 三、核心句型 1. 时间询问与表达 —What time is it? / What’s the time? —It’s eight o’clock. / It’s half past eight. / It’s a quarter to nine. 2. 课程与时间安排 The English class begins at 8 o’clock. The art class is over at 10:40. It’s time for our Chinese class. = It’s time to have our Chinese class. 3. 最喜欢的学科 —What’s your favorite subject? —My favorite subject is English. —Which subject do you like best? —I like history best. History is my favorite subject. = I like history best. 4. 上学方式与频率 —How do you usually come to school? —I usually come on foot, sometimes by bike. —How often do you go to the library? —Twice a week. 5. There be 句型 There is a playground in our school. There are many trees on the playground. Is there a library near here? —Yes, there is. / No, there isn’t. There aren’t any underground stops near my home. 四、知识点精要(Unit 3 专属) 1. 时间表达法(三层规则) 方法 规则 示例 整点法 数字 + o’clock(o’clock 可省略) 8:00 → eight (o’clock) 顺读法 钟点数 + 分钟数(任何时间可用) 9:15 → nine fifteen; 2:45 → two forty-five 逆读法 分钟 ≤ 30:分钟 + past + 点钟;分钟 = 30:half past + 点钟;分钟 > 30:(60 − 分钟)+ to +(点钟 + 1) 9:15 → a quarter past nine(或 fifteen past nine);11:30 → half past eleven;2:45 → a quarter to three(或 fifteen to three);1:58 → two to two 15 分钟可用 a quarter;30 分钟用 half,不用 thirty past。 2. 时间介词 at / on / in 介词 用于 示例 at 具体时刻;中午/夜晚 at 8 o’clock; at noon; at night on 具体某一天;某天的上午/下午/晚上 on Monday; on Monday morning; on May 1st in 周、月、年、季节;泛指的上午/下午/晚上 in July; in 2024; in the morning 3. 频度副词(程度 + 位置) 程度排序:always(100%)> usually(约 80%)> often(约 60%)> sometimes(约 40%)> seldom(约 20%)> never(0%) 位置规则: · 实义动词前:She often plays basketball. · be 动词 / 助动词 / 情态动词后:He is always busy. / I don’t usually go there. · sometimes 可置于句首:Sometimes I walk to school. 4. There be 句型(详见下文“语法深度解析”) 5. go to sp(地点)by+交通工具= take a/an/the 交通工具 to sp eg:go to school by bus = take a bus to school 特殊:go to sp on foot = walk to some place go to sp by plane= fly to some sp go to sp by bike = ride to sp go to sp by car = drive (a car) to sp 注:当地点是here/there/home等地点副词时,省略to 五、语法精练(There be、时间表达、频度副词、名词复数) A. There be 句型:用 is / are 填空 1. There ______ a blackboard and some chairs in the classroom. 2. There ______ some books and a schoolbag on the desk. 3. There ______ a library and two gardens in our school. 4. —______ there any water in the bottle? —Yes, there ______. 5. There ______ many students on the playground. 6. There ______ a pen and two books on the desk. 7. Look! There ______ some geese in the picture. 8. There ______ no underground stops near my home. B. 时间表达:用英语写出下列时间(写出一种即可) 9. 8:00 → ______ 10. 9:15 → ______ 11. 11:30 → ______ 12. 2:45 → ______ 13. 6:10 → ______ 14. 1:58 → ______ C. 频度副词填空(always / usually / often / sometimes / seldom / never) 15. A: Does your father often go to work by car?     B: No, he ______ goes by car. He usually rides a bike. 16. I ______ get up at 6:30, but on Sundays I get up at 8:00.(通常) 17. She is ______ late for school. She is a good student.(从不) 18. ______ I watch TV after dinner, but not every day.(有时) 19. The sun ______ rises in the east.(总是) 20. He ______ eats fast food because he thinks it’s unhealthy.(很少) D. 名词复数 21. book → ______  22. box → ______  23. family → ______ 24. tomato → ______  25. knife → ______  26. child → ______ 27. foot → ______  28. photo → ______  29. country → ______ 30. man → ______ E. 单项选择 31. —What time is it now? —It’s ______. A. half to eight  B. half past eight  C. thirty past eight  D. eight half 32. There ______ a pen and two books on the desk. A. are  B. is  C. have  D. has 33. My sister ______ eats fast food. She thinks it’s unhealthy. A. usually  B. always  C. seldom  D. often 34. —How often do you go to the library? —______. A. For two days  B. Twice a week  C. By bike  D. At 4:00 35. We have four ______ in the morning. A. class  B. classes  C. a class  D. some class 36. The English class begins ______ 8 o’clock ______ Monday morning. A. at; in  B. on; at  C. at; on  D. in; on 37. —______ there a library across from the school hall? —No, ______. A. Is; there isn’t  B. Is; it isn’t  C. Are; there aren’t  D. Are; they aren’t 参考答案与解析 A  1. is(就近 a blackboard 单数) 2. are(就近 some books 复数) 3. is(就近 a library 单数) 4. Is; is(water 不可数) 5. are(students 复数) 6. is(就近 a pen 单数) 7. are(geese 复数) 8. are(stops 复数) B  9. eight o’clock / eight 10. a quarter past nine / nine fifteen 11. half past eleven / eleven thirty 12. a quarter to three / two forty-five 13. ten past six / six ten 14. two to two / one fifty-eight C  15. seldom(No + usually rides a bike → 很少开车) 16. usually 17. never 18. Sometimes 19. always 20. seldom D  21. books 22. boxes(-x + -es) 23. families(辅音+y,变 y 为 i + -es) 24. tomatoes(有生命 -o + -es) 25. knives(-fe 变 v + -es) 26. children(不规则) 27. feet(不规则) 28. photos(无生命 -o + -s) 29. countries(辅音+y) 30. men(不规则) E 31. B(半点 half past) 32. B(就近 a pen 单数) 33. C(seldom 符合“认为不健康”的语境) 34. B(How often 问频率) 35. B(four 后复数) 36. C(具体时刻 at;具体某天 on) 37. A(a library 单数,Is there;否定回答 No, there isn’t) 语法深度解析(跨单元整合) 一、实义动词的一般现在时(Unit 1 感知 → Unit 2 系统掌握) 1. 何时使用 ① 经常性、习惯性动作:I get up at 6:30 every day. ② 客观事实、普遍真理:The sun rises in the east. ③ 现在的状态、能力、喜好:She is a teacher. / He plays the piano well. 2. 谓语形式的选择 主语 谓语 示例 I / You / We / They / 复数名词 动词原形 They play football. He / She / It / 单数名词 / 不可数名词 动词三单 He watches TV. 所有主语(be 动词) am / is / are She is happy. 3. 三单变化规则(“五类+一特殊”) 规则 变化 示例 一般情况 + -s like → likes; work → works 以 -s, -sh, -ch, -x, -o 结尾 + -es go → goes; watch → watches; do → does; fix → fixes 辅音字母 + y 结尾 变 y 为 i + -es study → studies; fly → flies 元音字母 + y 结尾 直接 + -s play → plays; buy → buys 特殊 have → has He has a bike. 4. 否定与疑问(“does 出现,动词还原”) 句式 结构 示例 否定(I/you/we/they) don’t + 原形 They don’t like coffee. 否定(he/she/it) doesn’t + 原形 She doesn’t like coffee. 一般疑问 Do / Does + 主语 + 原形? Does she like music? 特殊疑问 疑问词 + do / does + 主语 + 原形? What does he eat for breakfast? 易错警示: · ❌ She go to school. → ✅ She goes to school.(三单丢 -es) · ❌ Does she likes music? → ✅ Does she like music?(does 后还原) · ❌ She is likes apples. → ✅ She likes apples.(be 动词与实义动词不混用) · ❌ He don’t have a bike. → ✅ He doesn’t have a bike.(三单否定用 doesn’t) 二、There be 句型(Unit 3 核心) 1. 核心意义 表示“某地(或某时)存在某人/某物”,不强调所属。与 have / has 的“拥有”形成对照: · There is a book on the desk.(桌上有一本书——存在) · I have a book.(我有一本书——拥有) · ❌ There has a book on the desk. → ✅ There is a book on the desk. 2. 肯定句结构 There is + 可数名词单数 / 不可数名词 + 地点/时间. There are + 可数名词复数 + 地点/时间. 3. 就近原则(高频考点) 当主语为两个或以上并列名词时,be 动词与离它最近的那个名词保持一致: · There is a pen and two books on the desk.(最近 a pen 单数 → is) · There are two books and a pen on the desk.(最近 two books 复数 → are) · There is a library and two gardens in our school. · There are some books and a schoolbag on the desk. 4. 否定句与一般疑问句 句式 结构 示例 否定 There isn’t / aren’t + 主语 + 地点. / There is / are no + 主语 + 地点. There isn’t any juice. = There is no juice. 一般疑问 Is / Are there + 主语 + 地点? Is there a library? 肯定回答 Yes, there is / are. —Is there a library? —Yes, there is. 否定回答 No, there isn’t / aren’t. —Are there any stops? —No, there aren’t. 5. 易错点聚焦 错误 正确 原因 There have a book. There is a book. There be 不与 have 连用 There are a book and two pens. There is a book and two pens. 忽略就近原则(最近 a book 单数) Is there any books? Are there any books? books 复数,be 用 are There is some books. There are some books. some 可修饰复数,但 be 仍需复数 It has a book on the desk. There is a book on the desk. 表示“某地存在”用 There be,不用 It has 三、名词所有格与复数形式的区分(Unit 2 难点) 两者发音可能相同(/s/ /z/ /ɪz/),但功能完全不同: · 名词所有格表示“谁的”,后接被拥有的名词:my friend’s book(我朋友的书) · 复数形式表示“多个”:my friends(我的朋友们) 形式 功能 示例 Friend’s 单数所有格 my friend’s bag(一个朋友的包) friends’ 复数所有格 my friends’bags(多个朋友的包) friends 复数 my friends(我的朋友们) 答题时先判断句子要表达“谁的”还是“多个”,再决定形式。 附:U1—U3 语法脉络与分层使用建议 单元 核心语法 在本清单中的位置 后续延伸 Unit 1 be 动词一般现在时;实义动词一般现在时初步感知 Unit 1 语法精练 + 跨单元“实义动词一般现在时”第 1—2 点 为 U2 系统学习三单奠基 Unit 2 实义动词一般现在时系统掌握;名词所有格;冠词;连词 Unit 2 语法精练 + 跨单元“实义动词一般现在时”全节 与 U3 There be 形成“拥有—存在”对照 Unit 3 There be 句型;时间表达;频度副词;名词复数 Unit 3 语法精练 + 跨单元“There be 句型”全节 频度副词 + 一般现在时构成“习惯性动作”完整表达 分层使用建议: · 基础层(识记):完成各单元 A、B 组填空与时间表达、名词复数;重点过“三单变化表”“There be 就近原则表”“名词所有格构成表”。 · 理解层(辨析):完成 C 组频度副词、冠词、连词;讲评时追问“为什么用这个形式”,而非只对答案。 · 运用层(综合):完成 D/E 组单项选择与句型转换;重点监控三个高频易错点——三单 -s/-es 丢失、does/doesn’t 后动词未还原、There be 忽略就近原则。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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Unit1-3 单元知识点总结学案(期中备考)2026-2027学年仁爱科普版英语七年级上册
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