专题01 阅读理解-【题型易-必考题型精练】期中考 满分冲刺考前梯度特训（苏州专用）2026-2027学年译林版英语九年级上册

考前特训 专题01 阅读理解 期中考满分冲刺（苏州专用） 姓名：___________班级：___________座号：___________ 内容提要 题型分析 解题指导 集中突破 一、题型定位 阅读理解是苏州九上期中卷分值最高、耗时最长的板块，考查“在语篇中定位信息、推断含义、概括主旨”的综合能力。四篇文本题裁体裁各异，设问从细节题逐级过渡到推断题、主旨与标题题——难度随篇目递增。本次特训覆盖常规记叙/说明、议论/科普及非连续文本（读书笔记表格、论坛帖）等形态，与苏州卷结构一致。答题时不求逐词翻译，重在抓段落中心与句间逻辑。 二、命题形式与题量 形式为“短文＋选择题”：共 8 篇、30 题，每篇 3—4 题（非固定 5 题，篇目长短与设问数挂钩），每题 A—D 四选一；正文 159—368 词，按由短到长排布，前四篇以细节题为主，后四篇文字量增大、推断与主旨题增多。 注意两种特殊形态：Passage 1 是“读书笔记”表格（就“▲”符号与代词设问），Passage 4 是论坛求助帖（按“楼层”逐人读建议），读前先看清“栏/楼层”。 三、核心考点分布（基于本次特训 30 题梳理） 30 题中：细节理解 11 题（37%）＞推理判断 5 题（17%）≈词义/指代 4 题（13%）＞段落大意 3 题（10%）≈主旨/标题 3 题（10%）＞观点态度 2 题（7%）≈语篇结构 2 题（7%）。细节题多考事实定位与人物言行匹配，如 Passage 4 题 1 问 Darren 的烦恼、Passage 6 题 1 问睡眠不足比例，均属直接定位；推断题需依一两处线索推一步；标题题比主旨题多一层“简洁、含话题、能覆盖全文”的要求。 四、难度与趋势 整体中等偏上，梯度清晰：Passage 1—3 文字浅、线索明，属基础必得分；Passage 4 信息分散于四人发言，Passage 7 以三个小标题串起生平，易失分在“找错位置”。 近年趋势：非连续文本增多（需扫读定位）；推断与观点题比例上升（纯抄原文项常为干扰）；价值引领明显，语篇多围绕成长、坚持、沟通、健康，主旨常在末段点题。训练时建议先限时通读、再回题定位，避免在长难句上纠结。 一、四步解题法 第一步：读题干，圈关键词。先不看选项，把题干里的专有名词、数字、时间、地点和核心动词圈出来——这些词在原文中往往原词复现，是定位的“锚点”。 第二步：回原文，定向定位。带着锚点扫读，找到含锚点的句子后，向前后各读一句，构成完整的语义块。细节题的答案几乎都在这个语义块里，不需要读完整篇。 第三步：比选项，辨差异。四个选项往往有三个是“原文有词、意思被改动”（偷换主语、扩大范围、颠倒因果、无中生有）。逐项回文比对，能用原文一句话否掉的立刻排除，剩下的再比“谁更贴”。 第四步：看题型，定深度。细节题止于原文；推断题只推一步；主旨题与标题题必须覆盖全文，不能只抓一段；词义题先看上下文，再看构词。题型不同，答案的“深度”就不同，用错深度就会选到干扰项。 二、结合本次特训题目的实战点拨 【点拨1】代词指代（向前找最近的名词）——以Passage 1 题 1 为例：原文 “finally, on 17 December 1903, they successfully flew the first airplane. It stayed in the air for only 12 seconds” 中，It 作下一句的主语，指代前一句刚出现的 the first airplane，故选 D。提示：代词题一律“向前找、找最近、找同数同性”，本句附近还出现过 a bird’s wing、an engine，都是拿“原文有的词”做的干扰项。 【点拨2】细节理解（同义替换：省时间＝为更重要的事）——以Passage 2 题 2 为例：原文 “Giving up sometimes helps us save time and energy for more meaningful things.” 中的 save time and energy for more meaningful things，与选项 Because it saves time for better goals 是同一意思的两种说法，故选 B。提示：细节题的正确答案常常不是原词照抄，而是把原文的动宾结构换成另一组同义词；看到“意思一样、用词不同”的选项，先别急着排除。 【点拨3】首段作用（引出话题＋摆出两种观点）——以Passage 3 题 1 为例：原文 “Many people think that children should learn to keep trying, but others believe that knowing when to give up is also important.” 一句里就有两个阵营，首段的任务是“提出问题、摆出争议”，而不是讲故事，故选 B。提示：问“首段/末段的作用”时，先看这一段有没有 but / however 把两种态度并列；有，就是“引出话题、介绍不同观点”。 【点拨4】论坛帖（先分清谁在说话）——以Passage 4 题 1 为例：原文 Darren 93 的自述中 “He and his friends seem to think it’s funny to follow me around and play jokes on me.” 之后紧接 “now he’s really starting to get on their nerves. They’ve kind of shut me out.”，说明弟弟的玩笑让朋友疏远了他，故选 C。提示：论坛帖、多人对话类文本，先把“人名/楼层”与“观点”连成一张小表再做题，否则很容易把 Jenny 的话记成 Sandy 的。 【点拨5】建议类信息定位（认准发言人）——以Passage 4 题 2 为例：题干问 Jenny 的建议，回原文找 Jenny 那一栏： “Just ignore him——that’s the key.” 破折号后就是她的核心主张——无视他，故选 A（To ignore his brother）。提示：B 项 talk with his brother again 是 Sandy 的建议（Have another chat with him），属于典型的“张冠李戴”干扰。 【点拨6】词义猜测（抓让步与转折）——以Passage 5 题 2 为例：原文 “Although it was painful for me to see myself so disappointed, I needed to keep my own feelings in check.” Although 引导让步，前后形成“心里难受”与“必须把情绪收住”的对照；再看后文“I would not call the coach… Nor would I let my son know…”，可见是“藏起自己的情绪”，故选 A。提示：加粗画线的短语，答案往往就在同一句的让步/转折之后，或紧随其后的行为描写里。 【点拨7】数字细节（看清限定词 nearly / over）——以Passage 6 题 1 为例：原文 “over 60% get less than eight hours’ sleep on school nights, and nearly 15% sleep fewer than six hours” 中，与“少于六小时”对应的是 nearly 15%，故选 A。提示：数字题一定要把限定词一起读——over 60% 是“少于八小时”的比例，nearly 15% 才是“少于六小时”，两个数字挨着出现，最容易抄错。 【点拨8】推理判断（把研究结论反过来读）——以Passage 6 题 3 为例：原文 “students with eight hours’ sleep did much better in a memory test than those who stayed up all night to review” 只说“睡够的比通宵复习的考得好”，题干换成“熬夜反复复习的学生会怎样”，就要把结论反过来读——记得比睡够的学生少，故选 C。提示：推断题常把原文的 A 比 B 好，改问 B 会怎样；答案一定是原文结论的“等价改写”，不能加入常识。 【点拨9】小标题还原（看这一部分讲“成果”）——以Passage 7 题 3 为例：该部分开头是 “Later in her life, Lucy wrote many field guides.” 后面接着 “In 1950, she published her most important guide.” 与 “Ecologists still use it to study changes in the forests over time.”，通篇讲她毕生研究的“产出”，因此 “The _________ of Labour” 应填 Fruits（劳动的成果），故选 B。提示：小标题还原题先把该部分的段落读完，用一句话概括“这段在讲什么”，再在选项里找能概括的词，不要只看标题本身。 【点拨10】词义猜测（靠上下句的解释）——以Passage 8 题 1 为例：原文 “They will fear the worst when their phone starts ringing. More than half of them connect unexpected calls with bad news.” 两句就是 foreboding 的注解：一响就想到最坏的结果、把陌生来电和坏消息连在一起，正是“不祥的预感”，故选 A。提示：生词后面若紧跟一句“解释性”的话（举例、换说法、后果），那句话就是答案；不要把 foreboding 猜成“习惯”或“担心和陌生人说话”。 三、易错提醒 • 选项出现绝对化词语（only / never / all / must）时要警惕，原文往往留有余地。 • 细节题最怕“张冠李戴”：原文说 A 做了某事，选项却安到 B 身上，回文时务必核对主语。 • 表格、笔记、论坛帖类文本，信息分散在不同单元格，先定位“哪一栏/哪一层楼”，再读内容。 • 推断题只推一步，不要把“可能”说成“一定”，也不要加入原文没有的生活常识。 • 数字题要把限定词一起读，nearly / over / more than 差一个词，答案就换一个选项。 • 主旨题与标题题的区别：主旨题问“讲了什么”，标题题还要“起得像标题”——简洁、含话题、能覆盖全文。 Passage 1 Amy is preparing for a school project these days. Here are her notes from a book. The Wright Brothers (Inventors  &Pilots) They discovered that bird wings changed shape in flight. And they began by building and flying “gliders” (滑翔机), light planes without engines. After many tests through the years, finally, on 17 December 1903, they successfully flew the  first airplane. It stayed in the  air for only 12 seconds, but it was the first time that a flying machine had carried a person in the air. Isaac Newton (Mathematician & Physicist) He made great progress in advanced mathematics and showed that light is made up of different colours. He also defined (定义) laws of gravity and motion (运动), which later became the basis of modern physics. Thomas Edison (Inventor &▲) Many people think he invented the first light bulb, but he actually created many things that people could use in their homes. He invented the first record player. He also started one of the first electric companies. 1．The underlined word “It” refers to “ ________” A．a bird’s wing B．an engine C．the flying time D．the first airplane 2．Which word can be put in the blank “▲”？ A．Pilot B．Artist C．Musician D．Businessman 3．Which book does Amy most probably get the notes from? A．100 Great People in History. B．Top 10 Classic Novels. C．Amazing Things Around the World. D．Ways to Be a Successful Man. Passage 2 Is “never give up” always the right choice? People have different opinions about this. Some people think we should never give up when we face difficulties. They say that a strong will is the key to success. If we give up easily, we will never achieve our goals. Many great people, like Stephen Hawking, succeeded because they kept trying no matter how hard life was. However, others disagree. They say it is not wise to keep going when the goal is impossible. For example, if you want to be a professional basketball player but you are only 1.5 meters tall, it may be better to choose a more suitable goal. Giving up sometimes helps us save time and energy for more meaningful things. In fact, the answer is not that simple. We need to see if the goal is right for us. If the goal is meaningful and possible, we should keep trying and never give up. But if we find the goal is not suitable, it is okay to change direction. The most important thing is to have a clear mind and know what we really want. 1．What is the main idea of Paragraph 2? A．Reasons for never giving up. B．Ways to set right goals. C．Facts about Stephen Hawking. D．Disadvantages of giving up. 2．Why do some people think we should give up sometimes? A．Because giving up makes us happy. B．Because it saves time for better goals. C．Because success is not important. D．Because great people also give up. 3．What is the writer’s opinion on “never give up”? A．It is always the right choice. B．It is useless for most people. C．It depends on the situation. D．It only works for great people. 4．Which of the following would the writer agree with? A．We should keep trying at all costs. B．Changing goals means being weak. C．A clear mind helps make right decisions. D．A difficult goal is always a good goal. Passage 3 Is “never give up” always a good rule for children? Many people think that children should learn to keep trying, but others believe that knowing when to give up is also important. People who support the “never give up” idea say that persistence helps children succeed. When children keep trying at a difficult task, they build strong will and confidence. For example, if a child keeps practising math problems and finally works them out, he will feel proud of himself. This spirit will help them face bigger challenges in the future. However, not everyone agrees. Some experts say that forcing children to keep trying at something they are not good at may hurt their confidence. If a child is very short and spends years practising basketball but never improves, he may feel like a failure. In these cases, it is wiser to give up and find something that suits them better. In my opinion, the answer depends on the situation. If the task is meaningful and the child can improve with practice, we should encourage them to hold on. But if the goal is impossible or makes the child very unhappy, it is okay to give up and try something new. The most important thing is to help children learn to make good decisions for themselves. 1．What is the main purpose of the first paragraph? A．To tell a story about children’s growth. B．To introduce two different opinions on the topic. C．To explain why “never give up” is important. D．To show how to teach children persistence. 2．According to Paragraph 2, what can children get from keeping trying? A．Strong will and confidence. B．More prizes and honors. C．Better grades in exams. D．More friends around them. 3．Why do some experts think it’s okay to give up sometimes? A．Because children are too young to face difficulties. B．Because giving up saves time and energy. C．Because it may protect children’s confidence. D．Because most goals are impossible to achieve. 4．What is the writer’s opinion? A．Children should never give up no matter what happens. B．Children should give up when they feel tired. C．It is better to give up than to keep trying. D．We should decide according to different situations. Passage 4 Darren 93       January 2026 in Relationships I’ve always got on well with my little brother. He’s two years younger than me, so I’ve always felt really protective towards him. Well, that was until a few weeks ago. The problem is that he now goes to the same middle school as me but he doesn’t seem to get that school is different from home. He and his friends seem to think it’s funny to follow me around and play jokes on me. At first, my friends thought it was quite funny, but now he’s really starting to get on their nerves. They’ve kind of shut me out. I’ve spoken to my parents and they had a word with him, but it’s made no difference. If anything, it’s made things worse. Honestly, I don’t know what to do next and I’m afraid I’ll say something to him that I might regret. What should I do? Jenny Just ignore him——that’s the key. Clearly, you’d like him to stop, but I suppose the more he sees his behaviors influencing you, the more he’ll do it on purpose. Just act like he isn’t there! Then he’ll get bored and realize it’s much more fun to hang out with people in his own year than to stick to his older brother. Eric Turn the tables on him. Follow him around and see how he likes it. Surely you know enough foolish things about him. If he still never changes, you could warn him you would share these secrets with others to make his life grey! Sandy Have another chat with him. Explain to him why it upsets you and ask him how he’d feel if you did the same to him. Hopefully, he’s able to understand. 1．What is Darren 93’s problem? A．His parents show little interest in his school life. B．His friends don’t want him to make new friends. C．His brother’s jokes are pushing his friends away. D．He does something to his brother that he regrets . 2．What does Jenny advise Darren 93 to do? A．To ignore his brother. B．To talk with his brother again. C．To share his brother’s secrets. D．To ask his parents for help. 3．How should Darren 93 deal with his problem according to Sandy? A．In a cold way. B．In a friendly way. C．In a creative way. D．In a humorous way. Passage 5 The list for the sixth-grade basketball team was announced (宣布) online. I was a little worried because I knew how much my 12-year-old son wanted to make the team. I read the list of 13 names for a few minutes. Finally, I had to tell myself that my son wasn’t on the list. I felt sad. I wished it would be about victory. Like every parent, I love to say, “You did it!” Instead, I had to give my son a speech to comfort him, which was a lot less exciting, but probably more important. It was not really a speech, but a further discussion about spirit, courage and not giving up. Although it was painful for me to see myself so disappointed (失望), I needed to keep my own feelings in check. Sure, I wanted to call the coach to say he made a big mistake, but I would not. Nor would I let my son know that I thought it unfair. Instead, I put my own feelings aside and let my son have a safe place to calm down. And when he was done, I needed to encourage him to continue to improve skills. That day was a loss, but the only way to get another win was to put on his trainers and get on the basketball court again. My son is 15 years old now. And, after being cut from the team for three years in a row (连续地), he got to see his name on the list for the high school team. Last week, my husband and I watched him play in his first game. The smile on his face when he made his first shot is something I will never forget. After so many failures, it was a win that didn’t come easy for him. And it wouldn’t have happened if he had given up trying. 1．Why did the writer feel sad at first? A．Because her son didn’t feel confident. B．Because her son didn’t make the basketball team. C．Because her son decided to stop playing basketball. D．Because her son failed in a few basketball matches. 2．What does the underlined part “keep my own feelings in check” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Hide my own feeling. B．Hurt my own feeling. C．Follow my own feeling. D．Show my own feeling. 3．What did the mother do after her son failed to make the team? A．She called the coach to complain. B．She told her son it was unfair. C．She encouraged him to keep trying. D．She advised him to give up basketball. 4．What can be inferred (推断) about the writer’s son? A．He felt unhappy with his parents. B．He stopped working on his basketball skills. C．He played in a high school team at the age of 12． D．He was finally accepted by his high school team. Passage 6 If you have ever had to struggle through a lesson after spending half the night on homework, fighting to keep your eyes open, you are not alone. A recent survey of teenagers shows that over 60% get less than eight hours’ sleep on school nights, and nearly 15% sleep fewer than six hours. What makes sleep so important is that, while you are asleep, your brain is still quietly at work: it sorts through what you have learned during the day and stores it in lasting memory. In one study, students with eight hours’ sleep did much better in a memory test than those who stayed up all night to review. Getting enough sleep also helps you stay focused in class, think faster and keep a good mood. Students who sleep poorly often feel tired or angry more easily, and some even fall asleep at their desks. If heavy schoolwork is one reason so many teenagers go to bed late, the habits formed around bedtime are very often another. It has become common to lie in bed with a phone, moving from one short video to the next message long after the lights are off. The blue light from screens tells the brain that it is still daytime, so it is harder to fall asleep. Tea, coffee and cola, drunk late in the day, can leave the mind too awake to rest even around midnight. The encouraging part is that a few small changes are often enough. Doctors have some simple advice. Try to go to bed and get up at about the same time every day, even on weekends. Keep your phone out of the bedroom, or do something relaxing before sleep, such as reading a paper book. When homework truly cannot be completed, an honest talk with the teacher is wiser than staying up late to get it done. A brain that has rested well simply learns faster; sleep, looked at in the right way, is not time lost but time quietly put to work. 1．What percentage of students in the survey get less than six hours’ sleep? A．15 %. B．About 60 %. C．Over 80 %. D．Nearly 100 %. 2．What does the brain do while we are sleeping? A．It rests completely at night. B．It organizes learning into memory. C．It gives off special blue light. D．It keeps the tired mind wide awake. 3．A student who stays up late going over a lesson again and again may _______. A．remember it for a longer time B．develop a stronger memory slowly C．remember less than a rested student D．become more focused in the morning 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．Why does Sleep Matter So Much? B．Why do Teenagers Stay Up So Late? C．How can Students Change Bad Habits? D．What does The Study’s Memory Test Show? Passage 7 Taking Root We all know that there are a great number of different plants in the world. But how many kinds of plants are there exactly in the world? Lucy Braun wondered that as a child. She showed a great interest in plants when she was just a little child. She often had energetic walks with her family through the nearby woods. Some plants and wildflowers seemed to shout at her with their wild colors. Others hid behind rocks. Lucy looked at the shapes of different leaves while she was walking in the woods. She kept a record of what she saw. She also learnt to draw what she saw so that she could compare all kinds of plants. Later, Lucy grew more and more interested in botany, the study of plants. Branching Out While she was at university, Lucy took classes in geology, or the study of rocks and minerals. Her work with geologists changed how she looked at the natural world. She continued her studies in botany as well. Lucy also took classes in ecology (生态学). She believed that plant life in some areas was able to move to other places over time. In Full Bloom In 1917, Lucy began to teach botany at a university. She lived in a house near the woods. Lucy collected plants from all around the country. She took many photos of them, too. Colour photography was still new then. Because of that, people enjoyed her lessons and photos very much. The _________ of Labour (劳动) Later in her life, Lucy wrote many field guides. In 1950, she published her most important guide. It describes the plants in the forests all over the country. Ecologists still use it to study changes in the forests over time. Today, Lucy has a few plants named after her. One of them is Lucy Braun’s snakeroot (蛇根草), which is now in danger. Lucy’s work in the protection of nature may help prevent its disappearance. Lucy Braun lived to be 81. In her years as a botanist, Lucy collected nearly 12,000 plants! 1．What can we learn from the underlined sentence in Paragraph 1? A．The plants seemed to be angry with Lucy. B．The plants could talk just like humans. C．The plants appeared to be full of life. D．The plants were looked after well by Lucy. 2．What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us? A．The reason why Lucy liked plants. B．The time when Lucy noticed plants. C．The special plants Lucy collected. D．The way Lucy studied plants. 3．Which of the following can be put in “_________” in the last part? A．Causes B．Fruits C．Flowers D．Records 4．What can be the best title for the passage? A．The Story of a Great Scientist B．The Collection of the Plants C．The Protection of the Plants D．The Lesson by a Scientist Passage 8 A recent survey shows that a quarter of people aged 18 to 34 never answer the phone. Instead, they often ignore (忽视) the ringing, reply with text, or search for the number online if they don’t recognize it. While talking on the phone is common for older generations, most young people prefer texting to phone calls. This change has given rise to a generation of texters. For them, mobile phone calls are kept only for emergencies, and landlines (座机) are mainly used to speak with grandparents. Psychologist Elena Touroni mentions that young people find answering the phone strange because it’s not a habit they’ve developed. They will fear the worst when their phone starts ringing. More than half of them connect unexpected calls with bad news. Another researcher Eloise Skinner explains that this worry about calls comes from a sense of foreboding. Skinner adds that as our lives get busier, we have less time to call a friend just to talk about our daily life. Therefore, phone calls are used for very important news, which is often difficult and challenging to discuss through texting. Jack Longley, 26, shares this view, adding that he never replies to unknown numbers because they are likely cheaters or salespeople. For him, it’s easier to ignore calls than sift (筛选) through the noise to find legitimate (合法的) ones. Many conversations now take place on social media where it’s easier to send pictures together with texts. This communication style allows young people to join in conversations whenever they like and give more thoughtful replies. Still, with a growing preference for text-based communication, we must consider whether we are losing the ability to have unplanned and informal talks. Skinner warns that if this continues, “we might lose a sense of closeness or connection.” “When we communicate by speaking, we feel more connected emotionally and personally,” she adds. “This connection can make us feel pleased.” Just as people refused the change from fax (传真) to email 25 years ago—a change that finally made communication more convenient—we may now need to recognize the power of text. Probably it’s time to consider leaving behind the “fearful” phone calls, just as we stopped using the fax machine in the 1990s. 1．What does the underlined word “foreboding” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．A feeling that something bad will happen. B．A habit that is hard to develop. C．A worry about talking to strangers. D．A thought that phone calls waste time. 2．What can we know about Jack Longley? A．He never talks to anyone he doesn’t know. B．He thinks all the salespeople calling him are cheaters. C．He believes refusing unknown calls saves him trouble. D．He finds making phone calls is more difficult than texting. 3．The following sentence can be put at the beginning of ________. A．Paragraph 2 B．Paragraph 3 C．Paragraph 4 D．Paragraph 5 4．The passage is mainly about ________. A．showing why phone calls make young people feel stressed B．discussing the advantages of texting and making phone calls C．warning that young people are losing the ability to communicate D．explaining why young people avoid calls and suggesting accepting the change 18 / 18乐思英语 $null