Unit2 School rules 知识点梳理与精练（专项训练）-2026-2027学年冀教版（三起）英语四年级上册

四年级英语上册 Unit2 School rules 知识点梳理与精练 （冀教版三起 2024 · 教师版含答案） 第一部分　知识点梳理 一、单元概览 本单元主题为"校规"。共四课：Lesson 1（认识校园里的标识与走廊规则）；Lesson 2（图书馆、食堂、体育馆等场所的行为规范）；Lesson 3 Story: Mira comes to a new school（米拉来到新学校，认识新朋友）；Lesson 4（遵守规则，做更好的自己）。单元复习围绕"在学校里应该做什么、不应该做什么"展开。核心语法为祈使句（肯定与否定）和情态动词 should / shouldn't。 二、核心词汇 规则与标识：rule 规则；sign 标识、标志；follow the rules 遵守规则；follow the signs 遵守标识；on time 准时 场所：hallway 走廊；library 图书馆；canteen 食堂；gym 体育馆；classroom 教室；garden 花园 行为动词：run 跑；walk 走；litter 乱扔垃圾；keep 保持；stand 站；wait 等待；listen 听；help 帮助；share 分享；return 归还；push 推 规范用语：walk on the right 靠右走；keep off the grass 请勿践踏草坪；keep the gym clean 保持体育馆干净；be quiet 保持安静；stand in line 排队；wait in line 排队等候；eat up food 把食物吃完；turn off the tap 关掉水龙头 情感与评价：quiet 安静的；uneasy 不安的；afraid 害怕的；safe 安全的；clean 干净的；kind 友善的；sorry 对不起；help each other 互相帮助 三、重点句型（按课文） Lesson 1—2　校园标识与场所规则 Look at the sign.　看这个标识。 Walk on the right.　靠右走。 Don't run, Danny.　别跑，丹尼。 Don't litter.　不要乱扔垃圾。 Please keep off the grass.　请勿践踏草坪。 —See the sign? No food in the library.　—Oh, I see.　——看到那个标识了吗？图书馆内禁止饮食。——哦，我知道了。 We should be quiet in the library.　我们在图书馆应该保持安静。 We shouldn't eat in the library.　我们不应该在图书馆吃东西。 In the canteen, we should wait in line.　在食堂，我们应该排队等候。 We should keep the gym clean.　我们应该保持体育馆干净。 Lesson 3　Story: Mira comes to a new school Mira comes to a new school. She feels uneasy.　米拉来到一所新学校。她感到不安。 She goes to her seat. After class, Mira hides behind her book.　她走到自己的座位。下课后，米拉藏在书后面。 Jean wants to help Mira. She writes to her.　琼想帮助米拉。她给她写纸条。 I'm Jean. I sit behind you.　我是琼。我坐在你后面。 Mira looks back and talks to Jean.　米拉回头和琼说话。 Ella shares a story with Mira.　埃拉和米拉分享了一个故事。 She's not afraid anymore.　她不再害怕了。 Lesson 4　遵守规则 We should get to school on time.　我们应该准时到校。 In class, we should listen to the teachers.　在课堂上，我们应该听老师讲课。 In the classroom, we shouldn't run or jump.　在教室里，我们不应该跑跳。 School rules help us do well and stay safe.　校规帮助我们表现好并保持安全。 We should follow the rules and be kind to each other.　我们应该遵守规则，友善待人。 Unit review —Sorry. Are you OK?　—Yes, I'm fine. But don't run, Danny.　——对不起。你没事吧？——我没事。但是别跑，丹尼。 —I'm very hungry.　—It's time for lunch. Let's walk there.　——我很饿。——到午饭时间了。我们走过去吧。 —The story is fun. Do you want to read it?　—Yes. Thank you!　——这个故事很有趣。你想读吗？——好的。谢谢你！ 四、语法与用法要点 1. 祈使句肯定式：动词原形开头，主语 you 通常省略。Walk on the right. / Please be quiet. / Stand in line. 2. 祈使句否定式：句首加 Don't，后接动词原形。Don't run. / Don't litter. / Don't write in the book. 3. Let's + 动词原形，表示提建议：Let's go to the canteen. / Let's walk there. / Let's follow the rules. 4. should / shouldn't + 动词原形，表示应该／不应该；should 没有人称和数的变化：He should wait in line. / We shouldn't run or jump. 5. keep 的用法：keep + 宾语 + 形容词（保持某物怎样）keep the gym clean；keep off + 名词（远离）keep off the grass。 6. 地点介词 in：in the library / in the canteen / in the classroom / in the hallway；在走廊里也可以说 in the hallway。 7. on time 表示"准时、按时"，是固定搭配：get to school on time / return the books on time。 8. 一般现在时第三人称单数：主语是 he / she / it 或单个人名时，动词加 -s 或 -es。come—comes；feel—feels；go—goes；hide—hides；want—wants；write—writes；sit—sits；look—looks；talk—talks；share—shares。 五、易错提醒 1. 否定祈使句用 Don't 开头，不用 Not 或 No：Don't run in the classroom.（√）；Not run in the classroom.（×）。No 后面接名词或动名词，如 No food or drinks. / No parking. 2. should 后面必须接动词原形：We should be quiet.（√）；We should to be quiet.（×）；He should waits.（×）。 3. 否定句中并列的两项用 or 不用 and：We shouldn't eat or drink in the library. 4. "靠右走"是 walk on the right，介词用 on；"远离草坪"是 keep off the grass，副词用 off，不能写成 keep out the grass。 5. 三单变化规则：一般情况加 -s（come—comes）；以 s、x、ch、sh、o 结尾加 -es（go—goes）；辅音字母加 y 结尾变 y 为 i 再加 -es（study—studies）。 6. on time（准时）与 in time（及时）意思不同：We should return the books on time.（按时还书）。 六、文化小知识 1. 公共标识语常用两种写法：No + 名词／动名词（No smoking 禁止吸烟、No parking 禁止停车）；Don't + 动词原形（Don't litter 请勿乱扔垃圾）。 2. "排队"在美式英语里说 stand in line / wait in line，英式英语常说 queue up；不论哪种说法，先来后到都是公共场合的基本礼仪。 3. 各国图书馆都要求按时还书（return books on time），逾期通常需要交少量罚金；看书时不在书上写字、不折页，是对下一位读者的尊重。 第二部分　配套精练 一、单项选择。（每道 2 分，共 20 分） （　）1. Don't ___ in the hallway! A. run　　B. runs　　C. running （　）2. We should ___ quiet in the library. A. is　　B. be　　C. are （　）3. Keep ___ the grass! A. on　　B. in　　C. off （　）4. Please walk ___ the right. A. in　　B. on　　C. at （　）5. We shouldn't eat ___ drink in the library. A. and　　B. or　　C. but （　）6. Look at the ___. It says "No food or drinks." A. sign　　B. line　　C. seat （　）7. You should return the books ___. A. on time　　B. in time　　C. at time （　）8. —___　—I'm sorry. A. Don't run in the hallway!　　B. Let's go to the canteen.　　C. Thank you! （　）9. Mira ___ to a new school. She feels uneasy. A. come　　B. comes　　C. coming （　）10. —Let's keep our classroom clean.　—___ A. Not at all.　　B. OK. Let's do it.　　C. You're welcome. 二、从右栏中选出左栏句子的正确答语，把字母序号写在括号里。（每题 2 分，共 10 分） （　）1. What should we do in the library? （　）2. Don't run in the hallway! （　）3. Are you OK? （　）4. What does the sign say? （　）5. I'm very hungry. a. Sorry. I should walk on the right. b. We should be quiet. c. It's time for lunch. Let's walk there. d. Yes, I'm fine. e. It says "Keep off the grass!" 三、英汉互译。（每题 1 分，共 10 分） 1. 靠右走 ________________　　2. 排队 ________________ 3. 保持安静 ________________　　4. 遵守规则 ________________ 5. 请勿践踏草坪 ________________ 6. in the canteen ________________　　7. on time ________________ 8. Keep the gym clean. ________________ 9. Don't write in the book. ________________ 10. help each other ________________ 四、连词成句。（每句 2 分，共 10 分，注意大小写和标点） 1. run, don't, the, in, hallway (.) ______________________________________________ 2. should, we, quiet, be, the, in, library (.) ______________________________________________ 3. line, please, stand, in (.) ______________________________________________ 4. off, keep, grass, the (!) ______________________________________________ 5. school, we, to, on, get, should, time (.) ______________________________________________ 五、情景应答：根据情景选出恰当的句子。（每道 1 分，共 10 分） （　）1. 同学在走廊里跑，你提醒他： A. Don't run in the hallway!　　B. Run fast!　　C. Let's run! （　）2. 在图书馆，管理员提醒大家： A. Please sing here.　　B. Please be quiet.　　C. Please eat here. （　）3. 有人踩草坪，你说： A. Sit on the grass.　　B. Keep off the grass!　　C. Walk on the grass. （　）4. 食堂人多，你对同学说： A. Let's push!　　B. Let's run!　　C. Let's stand in line. （　）5. Jean 想帮助新来的 Mira，她会对 Mira 说： A. I'm afraid.　　B. Don't talk to me.　　C. I want to help you. （　）6. 你从图书馆借了书，应该： A. return them on time　　B. write in them　　C. hide behind them （　）7. 你想告诉同学校规的作用： A. School rules are boring.　　B. School rules help us do well and stay safe.　　C. I have no rules. （　）8. 洗完手，妈妈提醒你： A. Turn off the tap, please.　　B. Turn on the tap.　　C. Don't wash your hands. （　）9. 同学问你 Are you OK? 你没事，回答： A. Yes, I'm fine.　　B. It's a book.　　C. No, thanks. （　）10. 有人随手乱扔垃圾，你说： A. Don't litter!　　B. Litter here, please.　　C. Please run! 六、补全对话：从下面的选项中选择合适的句子补全对话。（每空 2 分，共 10 分） 1. A. What should we do here?　　B. I like story books.　　C. Let's run! 2. A. Where is the canteen?　　B. What time is it?　　C. What are the rules in the canteen? 3. A. Don't push!　　B. Let's stand in line.　　C. I'm sorry. 4. A. We should eat up food.　　B. We should run.　　C. We should be quiet. 5. A. You're right.　　B. Not at all.　　C. Thank you. Mira is new at Li Ming's school. Li Ming: Welcome to our school, Mira! Mira: Thank you! (1)______ Li Ming: We should walk on the right in the hallway. Mira: I see. (2)______ Li Ming: We should wait in line. Don't push. Mira: OK. (3)______ Li Ming: Good. And we shouldn't waste food. (4)______ Mira: I know. School rules help us do well and stay safe. Li Ming: (5)______ Let's follow them together! 七、阅读判断：读短文，判断句子正（T）误（F）。（每题 2 分，共 10 分） Hello! I'm Owen. There are many signs in my school. "Don't run!" is in the hallway. "Keep off the grass!" is near the garden. In the library, we should be quiet and we shouldn't write in the books. In the canteen, we should stand in line and eat up food. We should follow the school rules and help each other. （　）1. There are many signs in Owen's school. （　）2. "Don't run!" is in the library. （　）3. We should write in library books. （　）4. We should stand in line in the canteen. （　）5. We shouldn't follow the school rules. 八、给下面的对话排序。（每空 2 分，共 12 分） （　）Don't run in the hallway! （　）Sorry. I should walk on the right. （　）Hi, Danny! Let's run to the canteen! （　）No, we shouldn't run. Look at the sign. （　）You're right. Let's walk there. （　）OK. Let's stand in line, too. 九、书面表达。（8 分） 以"Be a Good Student at School"为题，用 4–6 句话介绍你在学校里该做什么、不该做什么。可以写走廊、图书馆、食堂或教室里的规则。提示词：should, shouldn't, be quiet, stand in line, keep off the grass, follow the rules。 Be a Good Student at School ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案 一、单项选择 一、1. A　2. B　3. C　4. B　5. B　6. A　7. A　8. A　9. B　10. B 【解析】1. Don't 后接动词原形。2. should 后接动词原形 be。3. keep off the grass 远离草坪。4. walk on the right 靠右走，介词用 on。5. 否定句并列用 or。6. 看标识 look at the sign。7. on time 准时。8. 答语 I'm sorry 说明上句是提醒或劝阻。9. 主语 Mira 是第三人称单数，come 加 s。10. Let's 提建议，答语表示赞同。 二、匹配 二、1. b　2. a　3. d　4. e　5. c 三、英汉互译 三、1. walk on the right　2. stand in line　3. be quiet　4. follow the rules　5. keep off the grass　6. 在食堂　7. 准时　8. 保持体育馆干净　9. 不要在书上乱画　10. 互相帮助 四、连词成句 四、1. Don't run in the hallway.　2. We should be quiet in the library.　3. Please stand in line.　4. Keep off the grass!　5. We should get to school on time. 五、情景应答 五、1. A　2. B　3. B　4. C　5. C　6. A　7. B　8. A　9. A　10. A 六、补全对话 六、1. A　2. C　3. B　4. A　5. A 【解析】1. 下文回答走廊里该怎么做，选 A；2. 下文回答食堂规则，选 C；3. 上文说要排队别推搡，Mira 表示同意并提议排队，选 B；4. 上文说不能浪费食物，接着说应该把食物吃完，选 A；5. 认同对方的看法，选 A（You're right）。 七、阅读判断 七、1. T　2. F　3. F　4. T　5. F 【解析】2. "Don't run!" 在走廊不在图书馆；3. 图书馆里不应该在书上写字；5. 短文说我们应该遵守校规。 八、排序 八、答案依次为：3、4、1、2、5、6。 【解析】对话逻辑：提议跑着去食堂（Hi, Danny! Let's run to the canteen!）→ 劝阻并指向标识（No, we shouldn't run. Look at the sign.）→ 读出标识内容（Don't run in the hallway!）→ 认错（Sorry. I should walk on the right.）→ 认同并改为步行（You're right. Let's walk there.）→ 补充还要排队（OK. Let's stand in line, too.）。 九、书面表达 九、参考范文：I want to be a good student at school. We should walk on the right in the hallway. In the library, we should be quiet and we shouldn't write in the books. In the canteen, we should stand in line and eat up food. We should keep off the grass near the garden. We should follow the school rules every day. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $