Unit2 School rules （知识清单）-2026-2027学年冀教版（三起）英语四年级上册

冀教版四年级上册英语 Unit2 School rules 知识清单 （祈使句 · should / shouldn't · 情态动词 · 一般现在时第三人称单数） 一、本单元单词 1. 规则与标识类名词 英文 中文意思 sign 标识；标志 rule 规则 gym 体育馆；健身房 grass 草地；草坪 canteen 食堂；餐厅 line 排；队 seat 座位 storybook 故事书 food 食物 lunch 午餐 2. 行为动词 英文 中文意思 follow 跟随；遵守 run 跑；奔跑 walk 走；步行 keep 保持 litter 乱扔垃圾 eat 吃 write 写 stand 站立 wait 等待 listen 听 help 帮助 share 分享 hide 躲藏 feel 感觉；觉得 come 来 go 去；走 want 想要 sit 坐 talk 说话；谈话 3. 形容词 英文 中文意思 quiet 安静的 uneasy 不安的；不自在的 afraid 害怕的 fine 好的；健康的 hungry 饥饿的 safe 安全的 right 正确的；右边的 clean 干净的 4. 其他核心单词 英文 中文意思 should 应该 shouldn't (= should not) 不应该 please 请 sorry 对不起 yes 是的 no 不；没有 well 好地 back 回来；回去 behind 在……后面 each other 互相 on time 准时 二、本单元短语 英文短语 中文意思 follow the signs 遵守标识 follow the rules 遵守规则 walk on the right 靠右走 keep off the grass 请勿践踏草坪 keep the gym clean 保持体育馆干净 don't litter 不要乱扔垃圾 be quiet 保持安静 stand in line 排队 wait in line 排队等候 get to school on time 准时到校 listen to the teachers 听老师讲课 in class 在课堂上 in the classroom 在教室里 in the canteen 在食堂 in the library 在图书馆 help each other 互相帮助 share a story with sb. 和某人分享故事 come to a new school 来到一所新学校 feel uneasy 感到不安 go to one's seat 走到某人的座位 hide behind the book 藏在书后面 sit behind you 坐在你后面 look back 回头看 not ... anymore 不再…… stay safe 保持安全 do well 表现好；做得好 eat up food 把食物吃完 It's time for lunch. 到午饭时间了。 Let's walk there. 我们走过去吧。 三、核心句型 1. 祈使句——肯定形式（表示请求、命令、建议） Walk on the right. 靠右走。 Please be quiet. 请保持安静。 Stand in line. 请排队。 Please keep off the grass. 请请勿践踏草坪。 Let's go to the canteen. 我们去食堂吧。 Let's walk there. 我们走过去吧。 2. 祈使句——否定形式（Don't + 动词原形） Don't run, Danny. 别跑，丹尼。 Don't litter. 不要乱扔垃圾。 Don't write in the book. 不要在书上乱画。 Don't run or jump in the classroom. 不要在教室里跑跳。 3. should / shouldn't 表示应该或不应该 We should be quiet in the library. 我们在图书馆应该保持安静。 We shouldn't eat in the library. 我们不应该在图书馆吃东西。 I should stand in line. 我应该排队。 We should get to school on time. 我们应该准时到校。 In class, we should listen to the teachers. 在课堂上，我们应该听老师讲课。 In the classroom, we shouldn't run or jump. 在教室里，我们不应该跑跳。 In the canteen, we should wait in line. 在食堂，我们应该排队等候。 We should follow the rules. 我们应该遵守规则。 4. 关心与问候 Sorry. Are you OK? 对不起。你没事吧？ Yes, I'm fine. But don't run, Danny. 我没事。但是别跑，丹尼。 I'm very hungry. 我很饿。 5. 描述人物行为（第三人称单数） Mira comes to a new school. 米拉来到一所新学校。 Mira feels uneasy. She goes to her seat. 米拉感到不安。她走到自己的座位。 After class, Mira hides behind her book. 下课后，米拉藏在书后面。 Jean wants to help Mira. She writes to her. 琼想帮助米拉。她给她写纸条。 I'm Jean. I sit behind you. 我是琼。我坐在你后面。 Mira looks back and talks to Jean. 米拉回头和琼说话。 She's not afraid anymore. 她不再害怕了。 Ella shares a story with Mira. 埃拉和米拉分享了一个故事。 6. 其他常用句型 Look at the sign. 看这个标识。 See the sign? No food in the library. 看到那个标识了吗？图书馆内禁止饮食。 School rules help us do well and stay safe. 校规帮助我们表现好并保持安全。 You are right. 你说得对。 The story is fun. Do you want to read it? 这个故事很有趣。你想读吗？ Yes. Thank you! 好的。谢谢你！ 四、语法小结 语法一：祈使句 【概念】表示请求、命令、建议或劝告的句子叫祈使句。祈使句通常省略主语 you。 【肯定形式】以动词原形开头： • Walk on the right. 靠右走。 • Please be quiet. 请保持安静。 • Stand in line. 排队。 【否定形式】在句首加 Don't (= Do not)： • Don't run. 别跑。 • Don't litter. 别乱扔垃圾。 • Don't write in the book. 别在书上乱画。 【Let's 型】表示建议：Let's + 动词原形 • Let's go to the canteen. 我们去食堂吧。 • Let's walk there. 我们走过去吧。 语法二：情态动词 should / shouldn't 【概念】should 是情态动词，表示“应该”，用来提出建议或劝告；shouldn't = should not，表示“不应该”。 【结构】主语 + should / shouldn't + 动词原形 【例句】 • We should be quiet in the library. 我们在图书馆应该保持安静。 • We shouldn't eat in the library. 我们不应该在图书馆吃东西。 • You should stand in line. 你应该排队。 【注意】should 后面必须接动词原形，没有人/数的变化： • He should wait in line. 他应该排队等候。 • She should listen to the teacher. 她应该听老师讲课。 语法三：一般现在时第三人称单数（Lesson 3 重点） 【规则】当主语是 he / she / it 或单个人名时，谓语动词要加 -s 或 -es。 原形 第三人称单数 例句 come comes Mira comes to a new school. feel feels She feels uneasy. go goes She goes to her seat. hide hides Mira hides behind her book. want wants Jean wants to help her. write writes She writes to her. sit sits I sit behind you. look looks Mira looks back. talk talks She talks to Jean. share shares Ella shares a story with Mira. 语法四：地点介词短语 in / on in + 地点：表示在某个地方里面 • in the library 在图书馆里 • in the canteen 在食堂里 • in the classroom 在教室里 on time：准时（固定搭配） • We should get to school on time. 我们应该准时到校。 五、易混点辨析 1. 否定祈使句用 Don't，不能用 Not × Not run in the classroom.（错） × No run in the classroom.（错） √ Don't run in the classroom.（对） 解析：祈使句的否定形式是在句首加 Don't + 动词原形。No 后面接名词或动名词，如 No parking（禁止停车）、No eating（禁止饮食）。 2. should 后面接动词原形 × We should be quiets.（错） × We should to be quiet.（错） √ We should be quiet.（对） 解析：should 是情态动词，后面直接接动词原形，不能加 to，也不能在动词后面加 s。 3. in class vs in the classroom in class 意为“在课堂上”（指上课过程中）；in the classroom 意为“在教室里”（指地点）。 √ In class, we should listen to the teachers. 在课堂上，我们应该听老师讲课。 √ We shouldn't run in the classroom. 我们不应该在教室里跑。 4. on time vs in time on time 意为“准时、按时”；in time 意为“及时”。 √ We should get to school on time. 我们应该准时到校。（按时） 5. keep off vs keep keep off 意为“远离、不靠近”；keep + 形容词 意为“保持某种状态”。 √ Keep off the grass. 请勿践踏草坪。（远离草坪） √ Keep the gym clean. 保持体育馆干净。（保持干净的状态） 6. look back vs look at look back 意为“回头看”；look at 意为“看着……”。 √ Mira looks back and talks to Jean. 米拉回头和琼说话。 √ Look at the sign. 看这个标识。 六、小拓展 1. 常见公共标识英文 英文标识 中文意思 No smoking 禁止吸烟 No parking 禁止停车 No eating or drinking 禁止饮食 No littering 禁止乱扔垃圾 Keep quiet 保持安静 Keep off the grass 请勿践踏草坪 Walk on the right 靠右行走 Stop 停止 Danger 危险 Exit 安全出口 2. 学校规则常用句型 英文 中文 We should get to school on time. 我们应该准时到校。 We should listen to the teachers. 我们应该听老师讲课。 We shouldn't run in the hallway. 我们不应该在走廊里跑。 We should help each other. 我们应该互相帮助。 We should wait in line. 我们应该排队等候。 We should be quiet in the library. 我们应该在图书馆保持安静。 3. 本单元重点语法小口诀 • 祈使句，省略 you，动词原形开头走；否定 Don't 放句首，Please 客气放前头。 • should 应该 shouldn't 不应该，后面动词原形带；无人称、无变化，提出建议和劝告。 • 三单主语 he she it，动词后面 s/es 加；come-comes, go-goes, write-writes 要记牢。 4. 校园文明行为小贴士 • 说话轻一点，走路慢一点，做事稳一点。 • 见到老师问声好，同学之间要友好。 • 不追逐、不打闹，安全文明最重要。 七、单元自测练习 一、用所给词的适当形式填空（每小题2分，共20分） 1. Don't __________ (run) in the classroom. 2. We should __________ (be) quiet in the library. 3. We shouldn't __________ (eat) in the library. 4. Mira __________ (come) to a new school. 5. Jean __________ (want) to help Mira. 6. She __________ (go) to her seat. 7. Ella __________ (share) a story with Mira. 8. Please __________ (walk) on the right. 9. We should get to school on __________ (time). 10. __________ (not litter) in the gym. 二、单项选择（每小题2分，共20分） 1. __________ run in the hallway. It's dangerous. A. Not B. Don't C. No D. Doesn't 2. We should __________ quiet in the library. A. is B. are C. be D. / 3. —Are you OK? —________ A. Yes, I'm fine. B. No, I'm OK. C. Yes, I do. D. I'm ten. 4. Please keep ________ the grass. A. on B. off C. in D. at 5. We should wait ________ line in the canteen. A. on B. in C. at D. of 6. Mira ________ to a new school. A. come B. comes C. coming D. came 7. Jean wants ________ Mira. A. help B. helps C. to help D. helping 8. In class, we shouldn't ________ or jump. A. runs B. running C. run D. to run 9. —Let's ________ to the canteen. —OK. A. go B. goes C. going D. to go 10. School rules help us stay ________. A. safely B. safe C. safety D. to safe 三、按要求改写句子（每小题3分，共15分） 1. We should be quiet in the library.（改为否定句） We __________ __________ quiet in the library. 2. Don't run in the classroom.（改为肯定句） __________ in the classroom, please. 3. Mira comes to a new school.（对划线部分提问） __________ __________ to a new school? 4. We should get to school on time.（对划线部分提问） __________ should we __________? 5. Jean wants to help Mira.（改为一般疑问句） __________ Jean __________ to help Mira? 四、阅读理解（每小题3分，共15分） School is a good place for us. There are many rules in our school. We should follow them. First, we should get to school on time. In class, we should listen to the teachers carefully. We shouldn't talk or eat in class. Second, we should be quiet in the library. We shouldn't run or jump in the classroom. Third, in the canteen, we should wait in line. We shouldn't waste food. School rules help us do well and stay safe. Let's follow the rules together! 1. How many rules are mentioned（提到）in the passage? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five. 2. What should we do in class? A. Talk with friends. B. Eat snacks. C. Listen to the teachers. D. Run around. 3. Where should we be quiet? A. In the canteen. B. In the library. C. On the playground. D. In the classroom. 4. What should we do in the canteen? A. Run to the front. B. Wait in line. C. Talk loudly. D. Waste food. 5. What do school rules help us do? A. Do well and stay safe. B. Play games. C. Eat more. D. Talk more. 参考答案 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. run 2. be 3. eat 4. comes 5. wants 6. goes 7. shares 8. walk 9. time 10. Don't litter 二、单项选择 1-5: B C A B B 6-10: B C C A B 三、按要求改写句子 1. shouldn't be 2. Walk 3. Who comes 4. What; do 5. Does; want 四、阅读理解 1-5: B C B B A 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $