Unit 3 Sports and fitness Words and Expressions课件-2026-2027学年高中英语人教版必修第一册

Unit 3 Sports and Fitness Words and expressions 人教版（2019）高中英语必修第一册 Part one 词汇讲解 1. fitness n.健康; 健壮；适合 /ˈfɪtnəs/ 词性拓展： fit adj. 健康的；适合的; v.合适;合身 unfit adj. 不健康的；不适合的 短语拓展：physical fitness　身体健康 固定搭配： fit in (with) 与…相适应;与…和睦相处 It took her some time to fit in with the new team keep/stay fit 保持健康 be fit for 适合; 胜任 be fit to do 适合做… 拓展： 名词后缀-ness 用法：加在形容词后面，变成抽象名词，表示 “性质、状态、程度”。 公式：形容词 +-ness → 名词（…… 的状态 / 性质） 形容词（adj.） 名词（n.） happy 开心的 happiness kind 善良的 kindness weak 虚弱的 weakness sick 生病的 sickness dark 黑暗的 darkness careless 粗心的 carelessness ill 有病的 illness 2. host   vt. 主办，主持 n.主人，东道主，节目主持人 /həʊst/  词性拓展：hostess n.女主人；女主持人 固定搭配： the host city 主办城市/东道主 host family 寄宿家庭 翻译训练： 1. 我们学校将在下周举办运动会 2. 我写信是为了申请英语节目主持人 Our school will host a sports meeting next week. I am writing to apply for the host of the English programme. 3. track n. 跑道；足迹；铁路轨道  vt.& vi. 追踪; 跟踪  /træk/  短语拓展：track and field 田径 固定搭配： keep track of... 了解...的动态;与...保持联系 Keep track of your exercise time to improve your fitness. lose track of… 不了解…的动态；与…失去联系 We lost track of each other after graduation. track down 跟踪找到；追查到 The coach tracked down the reason for his failure. 即学即练： 1. After moving to another city, I lost track 　　　　 most of my high-school classmates.  2. It’s difficult to track 　　　　 the exact moment when their relationship began to fail.  3. They read the newspapers every day  　 (以了解时事).  of to keep track of current events down 4. master n. 高手; 主人  vt. 精通; 掌握   /ˈmɑ:stə(r)/  词性拓展：mastery n.精通 短语拓展： master new skills 掌握新技能（v.） 固定搭配： have a good mastery of 精通；掌握 = have a good command of 翻译训练： 1. 积极参加学校活动有利于我们掌握各种技能 Taking an active part in school activities helps us have a good command of various skills. 5. honour n.荣誉；尊敬；荣幸   /ˈɒnə(r)/  词性拓展：honourable adj．正直的; 光荣的；荣耀的; 尊敬的 短语拓展： in honour of sb = in memory of sb 为纪念某人 固定搭配： be/feel honoured to do sth 做某事感到荣幸 I feel honoured to be the host of the English programme. It is one's honour to do sth. 做某事是某人的荣幸 It is my honour to host the school sports meeting. 即学即练： 1. It’s my honour ___________(stand) here and say something about friendship. 2. A ceremony was held ____________ those killed in the explosion in Sri Lanka. 为纪念在斯里兰卡爆炸中丧生的人举行了一个仪式。 翻译训练： 1. 作为一名运动员,郎平为她的祖国赢得了诸多荣誉。 to stand in honour of　 As a player, Lang Ping brought honour and glory to her country. 6. determination n. 决心；决定  /dɪˌtɜ:mɪˈneɪʃn/  词性拓展：determine vt.决定;确定;查明 determined adj.有决心的；坚决的 固定搭配： determine to do sth. 下定决心做某事 They determined to start early. determine on/upon 就…做出决定 I determined on going to Tibet after graduation. be determined to do sth. 决定做某事 They were determined to start early. 即学即练： 1.She was a ___________ (determine) girl. 2.It is up to you _____________(determine) where we will go for our holiday. 3.They have great courage and _______________ (determine). 翻译训练： 1. 他下定决心追查真相。 2.正是他坚定的决心帮助他渡过了所有难关。 determined to determine determination He made a determination to track down the truth. It was his strong determination that helped him get through all the difficulties 7. injure vt. 使受伤；损害 /ˈɪndʒə(r)/  词性拓展：injured adj. 受伤的；有伤的 injury n. 伤害；损伤 短语拓展： the injured 受伤的人;伤员 get/be injured 受伤 suffer (from) an injury 负伤 即学即练： 1. She ________(injure) his arm in the accident yesterday. 2. Tom has been seriously (injure) in a road accident. 3. The battle came to an end(结束） and the injured ______ (be) taken good care of. injured injured were 8. strength n.力量；体力 /streŋθ/  词性拓展：strong adj.强壮的；坚强的 strengthen vt. 加强；加固 短语拓展： strengths and weaknesses 优点和缺点 固定搭配： have the strength to do sth. 有做某事的力气/意志力 build up one’s strength/body 强身健体 即学即练： 1. Sleep helps us 　　　　　　(strong) new memories.  2. She had the strength ( keep)going when she wanted to give up. 翻译训练： 1. 定期锻炼有助于我们增强体力。 2. 尽管疲惫不堪，他仍然有力气奋力前行。 strengthen　 to keep Taking exercise regularly helps us build up our strength . Tired as he was, he still had the strength to struggle forward. 拓展：名词后缀-th 名词后缀 -th truth 真实；真相 warmth 温暖 width 宽；宽度 youth 青春；青年 strength 力气；体力 growth 生长;发展;栽培 health 健康 death 死亡;毁灭 拓展：动词后缀-en 动词后缀 -en threaten vt./vi. 威胁；恐吓 weaken vt./vi. 减少;使变弱；使变淡 worsen vt./vi. (使)恶化/变得更坏 lessen vt./vi. (使…)变小/减轻 darken vt./vi. 使模糊；使变暗 fasten vt.&vi 使固定；扎牢 lengthen vt./vi. (使)延长；加长 sharpen vt./vi. 削尖；使敏捷；磨快 strengthen vt.&vi. 加强；使坚固 巩固练习： strong a. 强壮的 strength n. 力量 strengthen v. 加强 long adj. 长的 length n. 长度 lengthenv. (使)变长 high adj. 高的 height n. 高度 heighten v. 提高 wide adj. 宽的 width n. 宽度 widen v. (使)变宽 deep adj. 深的 depth n. 深度 deepen v. (使)变深 9. compete   vi.竞争；对抗 /kəmˈpi:t/ 词性拓展：competition n.比赛，竞赛 competitive adj.有竞争力的;好强的 competitor n.比赛者;竞争者 competence n.能力；胜任 固定搭配： compete for sth 为...而比赛/竞争 compete with /against sb 与某人比赛/竞争 compete in sth 参加...比赛 即学即练： 1. If you want to compete 　　　　 the position of class monitor, you can first list your advantages and share them with your classmates clearly.  2. In the 　　　　　　 sports world, every 　　　　　　 dreams of winning. They 　　　　　　 in various 　　　　　　,using their skills and strategies.(compete)  翻译训练： 1. 我写信是想邀请你来参加学校比赛。 for competitive competitor I’m writing to invite you to compete in the school competition. compete competitions 10. make sense  有道理；有意义；合乎情理；表述清楚 短语拓展： makes no sense 没有意义 make sense of... 弄懂...的意思 sense vt.感觉到;察觉到；n.感受;意识 a sense of responsibility 责任感 common sense 常识 in a sense 从某种意义上说 there is no sense in doing sth 做某事没道理/意义 11. cheat vi.作弊；舞弊 vt. 欺骗  n. 欺骗手段；骗子；作弊者 /tʃi:t/  固定搭配： cheat sb (out) of sth 骗取某人某物 cheat sb into doing sth. 骗某人去做某事 即学即练： 1. _________(cheat) of a lot of money, the old man was very sad. 2. It is wrong ___________ (cheat) in the exam. 3. Many _______ (cheat) were arrested (逮捕) and put in prison. Cheated to cheat cheats 12. positive adj. 积极的；正面的；乐观的；肯定的 /ˈpɒzətɪv/  词性拓展：positively adv.确实地；肯定地 negative adj.  消极的；负面的 短语拓展： keep a positive attitude (towards) 保持积极心态 固定搭配： be positive about sth 对某事肯定 翻译训练： 1. 面对挑战，保持积极心态很重要。（it’ s adj. to do sth. ） It’s important to keep positive when facing challenges. 13. diet n.规定饮食；日常饮食 vi.节食 /ˈdaɪət /  固定搭配： be/go on a diet 节食 keep a balanced/healthy diet 保持均衡的/健康的饮食 翻译训练： 1. Don’t 　　　　　　　　　　　 (节食) because it’s very unhealthy.  2. Plants need water and sunlight to grow well. Similarly,a healthy body requires 　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　 (均衡的饮食).  3. As a matter of fact,you can’t expect to lose weight simply by　　　 　　　(节食). go on a diet a balanced diet going on a diet 14. compare vt. 对比，比较 /kəmˈper/ 短语拓展：by comparison 比较起来;相比之下 固定搭配： compare ... with/ to ... 把...和...做比较，把...比喻成.. 翻译以下例句区分 compare ... with与compare ... to 1. If you compare your plan with mine, you will find its weaknesses. 2. We often compare life to a marathon. （be）compared with/to 与…… 相比 compare notes (with sb) (与某人)交换意见 即学即练： 1.__________British English with American English, I think the latter（后者） is easier to learn. 2. __________ (compare) the old one, his new car is easier to operate（操作）. 翻译训练： 1. 我们交流了关于这场校赛的看法。 Comparing Compared We compared notes about the school competition. 15. stress n. 压力；紧张；重音  vt. 强调；重读；vi.焦虑不安  /stres/  词性拓展：stressful adj.充满压力的；紧张的 stressed adj. 焦虑不安的；心力交瘁的 短语拓展： relieve/reduce stress 缓解压力 under stress 处于压力下，有压力 固定搭配： place/put/lay stress on 强调…… be stressed about sth 为某事感到焦虑 即学即练： 1. 　　　　 stress, he still managed to keep calm and make rational decisions.  2. After the activity,my teacher placed stress 　　　　 the importance of labour.  3. Moving to a new city can be a 　　　　(stress) experience.  翻译训练： 1. 比赛前她压力太大,以至于好几个晚上都睡不好。(stressed,so...that) Under on stressful She was so stressed before the competition that she couldn’t sleep well for several nights.  Part two 重点短语 必背短语 come along 跟随;到达;进步;赶快 make it 获得成功；准时到达 set an example 树立榜样 fall apart 破裂；破碎；崩溃 lose heart 丧失信心；泄气 make sense 有道理;合乎情理;表述清楚 make a difference 有作用或影响 rather than 而不是 cut out 停止做(或使用/食用);剪下 now and then 有时；偶尔 核心短语： 1. give up 放弃 “give”相关短语： give in 屈服；让步(后跟to sb) give out 分发；用光 give off 发出(光、热、气味等) give away 泄露；赠送 give back 归还 即学即练： in　 away　 out　 off　 1. He refused to give to old age. 2. Don’t give the secret. 3. Give the examination papers. 4. Chemical changes（化学变化） give energy. 核心短语：2. make a difference 有作用或影响 固定搭配： make a difference to sb./sth. 对某人/物有影响 make no difference 无影响;无关紧要 tell the difference (between...and...) 辨别/区分(……与……) 例句：It’s hard to tell the difference between the two runners 拓展： difference n.差异 different adj.不同的 similarity n. 相似性 similar adj.相似的 短语拓展： “make” 的短语 固定搭配： make up 形成， 组成，编造 make up one’s mind 下定决心 make full use of 充分利用 make out 理解；辨认出 即学即练： 1. our words ___________________ to him, for he is quite stubborn. 你的话对他不起作用，因为他很固执。 2. The rain didn’t _____________________ to the game. 这场雨对比赛没多大影响。 3. What _____________________ whether he knows or not? 他知不知道有什么关系吗？ make no difference make much difference difference will it make 核心短语：3. work out 锻炼；计算出；解决； 弄清；制定出 写出work out的用法和意义 ① While the boys are golfing, I work out in the gym. 小伙子们打高尔夫球的时候，我在健身房____________。 ② They will meet later today to work out a plan. 他们定于今天晚些时候进行会谈，____________一个方案。 ③ It took me some time to work out what was causing this. 我花了一些时间才____________此事的起因。 锻炼 制定 弄清 Part three 词性转换 1._________ n. 健康，健壮，适合→________ adj. 健康的，适合的 2.______ v. 主持，主办；n. 主人，主持人→________ n. 女主持人 3. ________ n. 荣誉，尊敬，荣幸→____________ adj. 可敬的，值得钦佩的 4. n. 决心，决定→ v. 决定，确定→ adj. 坚决的，坚定地 5._________ v. 使受伤，损害→_________ adj. 受伤的，有伤的→________ n. 伤害，损害 词性转换 fitness host fit hostess injured determined determine determination honourable honour injury injure 6._________ n. 力量，体力→ v. 加强，巩固→_________adj. 强壮的，坚固的 7._________ n. 失败，失败的人（或事物）→_______ v. 失败，不及格 8._________ v. 竞争，对抗→ n. 竞争者，参赛者→ n. 竞赛，竞争→ adj. 竞争的，有竞争力的 9._________ n. 压力，紧张，重音；v. 强调，重读，使焦虑不安→ _________ adj. 压力重的→_________ adj. 焦虑不安的，重读的 10. n. 运动员；运动健儿→ adj. 健壮的；体育运动的 词性转换 strength strong failure stressed stressful stress competitive competition competitor compete fail strengthen athlete athletic Part four 语法填空 Our school has set up several health and 1.______(fit) clubs such as soccer club, boxing club and marathon club in the past few years. I 2._________(work) out regularly to keep fit in the past, but got 3._________(injure) in a race. Luckily, it was not serious at all and I will recover from it soon. A sports meeting is one of the greatest 4.______(event) in our school every year. In spite of my injury, I don’t lose heart and have made up my mind to take part in it. I have the 5.____________(determine) to win a gold medal for our class. I go to the gym every day 6.________(build) up my 7.__________(strong) and I am certain I can make 8.__. I will play for the honor of my class and won’t give 9._____ in the face of 10. (fail). fitness worked injured events determination to build strength it up failure 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Part five 词汇自测 1．soccer / ˈsɒkə(r)/ n． ________________ 2．boxing / ˈbɒksɪŋ / n． _________________ 3．badminton / ˈbædmɪntən/ n．_________________ 4. push-up n． _________________ 5. ski /skiː/n． _________________ 6．marathon / ˈmærəθən/ n. _________________ 7. jog /dʒɔg/ n. _________________ 8. gymnastics / dʒɪmˈnæstɪks /n._________________ 9．stadium / ˈsteɪdiəm/ n． _________________ 10. gym / dʒɪm / n. _________________ 11.track and field n. _________________ 12.audience /ˈɔːdjəns/ n. _________________ 13.athlete /ˈæθli:t/ n. __________________ 14.medal / ˈmedl/ n. _________________ 体育场，运动场 田径 运动员;运动健儿 奖章；勋章 俯卧撑 滑雪 慢跑 观众 1．足球 n． ________________ 2．拳击（运动 n. _________________ 3．羽毛球 n． _________________ 4. 仰卧起坐 n． _________________ 5. 滑雪n． _________________ 6．马拉松 n. _________________ 7. 慢跑 n. _________________ 8. 体操（训练）n. _________________ 9．体育场 n. _________________ 10. 健身房，体育馆 n. _________________ 11. 田径 n. _________________ 12.观众 n. _________________ 13.运动员n. __________________ 14.奖章，勋章 n. ________________ soccer boxing badminton push-up ski marathon jog gymnastics stadium gym track and field audience athlete medal Thank you! 羽毛球运动 马拉松赛跑 健身房；体育馆 体操(训练) 足球 拳击(运动) $