专题05 首字母填空【题型易-必考题型精练】期中考 满分冲刺考前梯度特训（南通专用）2026-2027学年译林版英语八年级上册

考前特训 专题05 首字母填空 期中考满分冲刺（南通专用） 姓名：___________班级：___________座号：___________ 内容提要 题型分析 解题指导 集中突破 一、题型定位 “首字母填空”是南通期中卷语言知识运用板块的压轴小题：短文挖出 10 个空，每个空已给出首字母，要求写出完整单词，且每空只填一词。它既考词汇（拼写、词形），也考语法（时态、单复数、词性），还考语篇（前后逻辑、固定搭配）。 与语法填空相比，它更容易“看着眼熟、写不出来”：首字母把范围缩到很小，但答案必须同时满足“首字母对、词性对、形式对、语义对”四条，缺一条就丢分——这也是它最容易“会而不得分”的原因。 二、命题形式与题量 本次特训共 8 篇短文、80 个空，每篇 10 空，每空首字母已给出、只填一词；语篇词数在 170—263 词之间，按由短到长的顺序梯度排列。 取材以记叙文与说明文为主：孔子与弟子、Leo 的科学俱乐部、理想中的学校、校园生活、优秀学生的特质、DIY 做玩偶、土豆拓印等，话题贴近教材与生活，句子结构不算复杂，但对“词形变化”的要求很细。 三、核心考点分布（基于本次特训 80 空梳理） 逐篇梳理 80 个空，考点可归纳为以下八类： （1）名词的单复数与词形：看限定词（some / a lot of / one of the / a few）与谓语，如 Passage 3 题 7 的 mistakes（make mistakes）、Passage 2 题 4 的 differences（a lot of）、Passage 5 题 1 的 skills（some）。 （2）形容词与副词：修饰名词用形容词、修饰动词用副词，如 Passage 8 题 1 的 happiest（the best and...）、Passage 2 题 3 的 carefully（修饰 listened）、Passage 7 题 2 的 differently（修饰 sees）。 （3）动词的时态与主谓一致：按时间状语与主语定形式，如 Passage 3 题 2 的 finished（last term）、Passage 4 题 7 的 taste（主语 they）、Passage 6 题 9 的 understand（don’t 后接原形）。 （4）比较级与最高级：看 than、the、one of the 等标志，如 Passage 2 题 5 的 biggest、Passage 8 题 1 的 happiest。 （5）介词与固定搭配：one...the other、by oneself、be curious about、make mistakes、be afraid of，如 Passage 2 题 2 的 other、Passage 5 题 9 的 ourselves、Passage 8 题 5 的 with。 （6）代词（含反身代词）：看指代对象与单复数，如 Passage 2 题 1 的 them、Passage 8 题 6 的 yourself、Passage 5 题 9 的 ourselves。 （7）连词与句首逻辑词：判断分句关系，如 Passage 8 题 7 的 If（条件状语从句）、Passage 7 题 3 的 However（句首转折副词）。 （8）语序与固定结构：如 Passage 6 题 3 的 enough（big enough to do）、Passage 8 题 2 的 active（be active at school）。 四、难度与趋势 整体难度中等偏上：首字母给了“半个答案”，但真正失分的地方在“形式”——知道要填 mistake，却写成 mistake 单数；知道要填 careful，却忘了变副词。历次阅卷显示，首字母填空的失分有一半以上不是“想不出词”，而是“形式不对”。 南通期中卷近年的选材更偏“教材话题 + 生活情境”，句式不刁钻，但对固定搭配的考查更细（by oneself、one...the other、be curious about、big enough to do）。备考时应把“首字母 + 词性 + 搭配”三件事绑在一起练，而不是孤立背单词。 一、四步解题法 第一步：通读全文，定基调。先不看空读一遍，判断是记叙文还是说明文、是过去时还是现在时、主语是第几人称——这一步决定了后面所有动词的形式。 第二步：看空定词性。缺主语或宾语→名词；缺谓语→动词；系动词后、名词前→形容词；修饰动词或形容词→副词；名词前缺限定→冠词或代词。 第三步：按首字母 + 语义锁定单词。把首字母当作“检索入口”，在同类词里找与上下文最贴的一个；同时想它有没有固定搭配（be curious about / make mistakes / by oneself）。 第四步：定形式、代回读。名词查单复数、动词查时态与三单、形容词副词查比较等级、代词查格，然后把词填回原句通读，确认语义与语法都通。 二、结合本次特训题目的实战点拨 【点拨1】名词复数（固定搭配）——以Passage 3 题 7 为例：原文 “He was never afraid of making m 7 ”，make mistakes 是固定搭配，意为“犯错误”，且此处泛指，须用复数，故填 mistakes。提示：遇到 m 开头的空又和“犯错”有关，先想 mistake；make / make a / make some 之后的形式要分清。 【点拨2】形容词最高级——以Passage 8 题 1 为例：原文 “Your school days should be some of the best and h 1 days of your life.” 空与 best 并列，且前有 some of the，须用最高级，故填 happiest。提示：看到 the / one of the / 与最高级并列，立刻想 -est；happy 变 happiest 要记得 y→i。 【点拨3】副词修饰动词——以Passage 2 题 3 为例：原文 “He always listened c 3 to Confucius.” 空修饰动词 listened，须用副词，故填 carefully。提示：副词题两步——先定“修饰谁”，再变形式；careful→carefully，千万别漏 -ly。 【点拨4】动词过去时——以Passage 3 题 2 为例：原文 “Every day he f 2 his homework quickly so that he could...”，全文以 last term 起笔，叙述过去的事，谓语用过去式，故填 finished。提示：首字母填空的动词题先看“全篇时态”，再看“本句时间状语”，两处一致才敢下笔。 【点拨5】固定搭配 one...the other——以Passage 2 题 2 为例：原文 “He had many students, and two of them were very different. One was named Yan Hui and the o 2 was named Zigong.” 前有 One，后接“另一个”，用 one...the other 结构，故填 other。提示：one...the other（两者中的另一个）、some...others（一些……另一些）要分清。 【点拨6】反身代词（by oneself）——以Passage 5 题 9 为例：原文 “All of us were very happy to make the printings by o 9 ”，by oneself 意为“独自、亲手”，主语是 All of us，故填 ourselves。提示：by + 反身代词是高频短语，先看主语是单数还是复数，再定 myself / ourselves / yourself / themselves。 【点拨7】介词（方式状语）——以Passage 8 题 5 为例：原文 “Put your hands up quickly in class. Go around the school w 5 a big smile on your face.” 表“带着（微笑）”用介词 with，故填 with。提示：with + 名词常作伴随状语；首字母 w 的空若后面直接跟名词短语，先想 with。 【点拨8】连词（条件状语从句）——以Passage 8 题 7 为例：原文 “I 7 you do not have breakfast, you will be thinking about food in class.” 前半句是条件、后半句是结果，且用逗号隔开，故填 If（句首大写）。提示：句首连词别忘大写；条件用 If / Unless，原因用 Because，转折用 Although。 【点拨9】介词后用动名词——以Passage 2 题 10 为例：原文 “This story tells us everyone is different, but we can become better by u 10 and respecting one another.” 介词 by 后接动名词，且与 respecting 并列，故填 understanding。提示：by / without / after 后面的动词一律用 -ing，且要与并列成分的形式保持一致。 【点拨10】enough 的语序——以Passage 6 题 3 为例：原文 “The building should also be big e 3 to place the classes in a planned way.” 考查 adj. + enough to do sth. 结构，enough 必须放在形容词之后，故填 enough。提示：enough 修饰形容词/副词时后置（big enough），修饰名词时前置（enough time），这是中考高频陷阱。 三、易错提醒 • 首字母只决定“起点”，不决定“形式”：单词想对了还要查单复数、时态、比较等级、词性。 • 名词看限定词：some / a lot of / one of the / several 后面多为复数；a / an / the + 单数。 • 动词三查：全篇时态、本句时间状语、主语单复数；三者不一致就以句子为准。 • 形容词与副词别混：修饰名词用形容词，修饰动词、形容词或全句用副词。 • 句首的空（如 If / However / Thanks）必须大写，这是最不该丢的分。 • 填完把整句读一遍，读着别扭的多半是形式错了。 Passage 1 根据所给首字母和短文内容，写出空白处各单词的完整形式。 Last weekend, Millie and Amy visited Suzy’s home. They decided to do a DIY project together. They wanted to make a little d 1 for Suzy’s little sister because she loves dolls. First, they c 2 some clean gloves with bright colours and fun patterns. Next, they g 3 two buttons onto the finger parts of the gloves for the eyes. They had to wait a few minutes for the glue to dry. Then, they sewed some pieces of colourful t 4 above the buttons for hair. When they finished, the doll looked l 5 . Suzy thought it looked w 6 , but Millie and Amy said it was the most wonderful doll in the world. They all l 7 and felt very happy. After that, they talked about their f 8 DIY experience. Amy said she once t 9 to put up a picture on the wall, but she hit a pipe and water came out. It was a complete mess! They all agreed that DIY is fun, but we should be c 10 when we do it. 【答案】 1．doll 2．chose 3．glued 4．thread 5．lovely 6．weird 7．laughed 8．failed 9．tried 10．careful 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述Millie、Amy在Suzy家一起动手DIY，为Suzy的妹妹制作玩偶，同时分享了一次失败的DIY经历，告诉我们DIY很有趣但做的时候要小心。 【详解】1．句意：她们想要给Suzy的妹妹做一个小玩偶，因为她喜欢玩偶。根据首字母d及下文“because she loves dolls”可知，此处表示玩偶，doll为可数名词，不定冠词a后接单数名词。 2．句意：首先，她们挑选一些带有鲜艳色彩和有趣图案的干净手套。根据首字母c及“some clean gloves with bright colours and fun patterns”可知，此处指挑选，choose表示挑选，文章时态为一般过去时，choose的过去式为chose。 3．句意：接下来，她们把两颗纽扣粘在手套手指部分当作眼睛。根据首字母g及下文“for the glue to dry”，可知用到胶水粘贴，glue表示粘贴，时态为一般过去时，glue过去式glued。 4．句意：然后，她们在纽扣上方缝上几段彩色丝线当作头发。根据首字母t及动词sewed“缝”，thread表示“线、丝线”，为不可数名词，缝头发需要用到丝线。 5．句意：当她们完成的时候，这个玩偶看起来很可爱。根据首字母l及look后接形容词作表语，lovely表示“可爱的”，用来描述玩偶的样子。 6．句意：Suzy认为它看起来怪怪的，但是Millie和Amy却说它是世界上最棒的玩偶。根据首字母w及连词but表转折，和后文wonderful形成对比，weird表示“怪异的、古怪的”符合语境。 7．句意：她们全都大笑起来，感觉十分开心。根据首字母l及下文“felt very happy”，开心对应的动作是大笑，laugh表示“大笑”，全文时态为一般过去时，laugh过去式为laughed。 8．句意：在那之后，她们聊起自己失败的DIY经历。根据首字母f及下文Amy的糟糕经历，形容词failed修饰名词experience，表示“失败的”。 9．句意：Amy 说她曾经试着往墙上挂一幅画，但是她敲到水管，水就流出来了。根据首字母t及“to put up a picture on the wall”可知，此处指尝试做某事，应用try to do sth.，主句动词said为一般过去时，宾语从句时态保持一致，try的过去式是tried。 10．句意：她们都认为DIY很有趣，但是我们做DIY的时候应当小心。根据首字母c及前文Amy做DIY敲破水管，搞得一团糟，这件事提醒我们做手工要当心；情态动词should后接be动词，be careful是固定搭配，意为“小心的”。 Passage 2 根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。 Confucius (孔子) was a great teacher in ancient China. He had many students, and two of t 1 were very different. One was named Yan Hui and the o 2 was named Zigong. Yan Hui was quiet and shy. He always listened c 3 to Confucius. Zigong was outgoing and loud. He liked to ask many questions. Although they had a lot of d 4 , they both respected (尊敬) Confucius and learned from him. One day, Confucius asked his students, “What is your b 5 strength in your life?” Yan Hui said, “My greatest strength is that I never make the same mistake.” Zigong said, “My greatest strength is that I can solve problems q 6 ,” Confucius smiled and said, “Both of you are right. Each person has their own strengths and weaknesses. The important thing is to learn from each other and i 7 ourselves.” Yan Hui and Zigong realized they both loved learning and c 8 about others. They decided to help each other. T 9 to their friendship, they became even better. This story tells us everyone is different, but we can become better by u 10 and respecting one another. 【答案】 1．them 2．other 3．carefully 4．differences 5．biggest 6．quickly 7．improve 8．cared 9．Thanks 10．understanding 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了古代教育家孔子与其两名性格迥异的学生颜回和子贡之间的故事，说明了每个人都有自己的优缺点，我们应该互相学习、理解和尊重，从而共同进步。 【详解】1．句意：他有很多学生，他们中的两个人非常不同。分析句子结构可知，介词of后面应接人称代词的宾格形式，指代前文提到的students，首字母为t，应填them。 2．句意：一个叫颜回，另一个叫子贡。分析句子结构可知，此处考查固定搭配：one..., the other...，意为“一个……，另一个……”，首字母为o，应填other。 3．句意：他总是认真地听孔子讲课。分析句子结构可知，此处修饰动词listened，需要用副词形式，首字母为c，应填carefully。 4．句意：虽然他们有很多不同之处，但他们都尊敬孔子并向他学习。分析句子结构可知，a lot of后接可数名词复数，根据语境，此处指两人的“不同之处”，首字母为d，应填differences。 5．句意：你生活中最大的优点是什么？此处修饰名词strength，应用形容词。根据“My greatest strength”可知，此处应用最高级，首字母为b，应填biggest与后文greatest呼应。 6．句意：子贡说：“我最大的优点是我能快速地解决问题”。分析句子结构可知，此处修饰动词solve，需要用副词形式，首字母为q，应填quickly。 7．句意：重要的是互相学习并提升我们自己。分析句子结构可知，and连接并列成分，前文是to learn，此处省略to，需用动词原形。相互学习的目的是提升自己，再根据首字母为i，应填improve。 8．句意：颜回和子贡意识到他们都热爱学习并且关心他人。分析句子结构可知，and连接并列谓语，前文loved为过去式，此处时态也应用过去时，首字母为c，应填cared。 9．句意：多亏他们的友谊，他们变得甚至更好了。此处考查固定短语：Thanks to意为“多亏，由于”，位于句首首字母大写，应填Thanks。 10．句意：这个故事告诉我们每个人都是不同的，但我们可以通过理解和尊重彼此变得更好。介词by后面接动词的-ing形式，且与respecting并列，首字母为u，应填 understanding，符合故事主旨。 Passage 3 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空一词。 My best friend Leo joined the school science club last term and soon became one of the most popular members in it. He was c 1 about the world around him and always asked questions to learn more. Every day he f 2 his homework quickly so that he could spend more time in the lab. Once a new member could not understand the English handbook, and Leo t 3 it into Chinese for him. His funny stories often brought j 4 to the whole club. When we met hard problems, he s 5 for useful information on the Internet first and often solved them by h 6 without asking others for help. He was never afraid of making m 7 , because he believed failure was part of learning. When we felt b 8 after a long day, he always knew how to make us laugh again. Leo hopes that he and his partners will become i 9 like Edison in the future. He is also a good l 10 , who always listens to us when we have problems. From Leo I learned that a true friend not only works with you but also helps you become a better person. 【答案】 1．curious 2．finished 3．translated 4．joy 5．searched 6．himself 7．mistakes 8．bored 9．inventors 10．listener 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍作者最好的朋友Leo，介绍了他加入科学俱乐部后的经历，讲述他求知好学、乐于助人、不畏失败的品质。 【详解】1．句意：他对身边的世界很好奇，总是提出问题想要学到更多知识。固定搭配be curious about表示对……好奇，该处需一个形容词，在句中作表语；提示语义与“好奇的”相关，形容词置于be动词后作表语。结合首字母c及上下文逻辑提示填curious。 2．句意：每天他快速完成作业，这样他就可以花更多的时间在实验室里。本句含so that引导目的状语从句，该处需一个动词，在句中作谓语；提示语义与“完成（作业）”相关，全文时态为一般过去时，动词使用过去式。结合首字母f及上下文逻辑提示填finished。 3．句意：有一次一名新成员看不懂英文手册，Leo帮他把它翻译成中文。句中表示两种语言转换，该处需一个动词，在句中作谓语；提示语义与“翻译”相关，故事发生在过去，动词使用过去式。结合首字母t及语义提示填translated。 4．句意：他有趣的故事常常给整个俱乐部带来欢乐。funny stories会带给人愉悦感受，该处需一个名词，在句中作brought的宾语；提示语义与“欢乐”相关，名词作动词宾语。结合首字母j及语义提示填joy。 5．句意：当我们遇到难题时，他先在网上搜寻有用的信息，并且常常独立解决问题。search for为固定搭配，意为搜寻，该处需一个动词，在句中作谓语；提示语义与“搜索”相关，全文时态为一般过去时，动词使用过去式。结合首字母s及上下文逻辑提示填searched。 6．句意：当我们遇到难题时，他先在网上搜寻有用的信息，并且常常独立解决问题，不向别人求助。固定搭配by oneself表示独自，该处需一个反身代词，放在介词by之后；提示语义与“独自”相关，结合首字母h及语义提示填himself。 7．句意：他从不害怕犯错，因为他相信失败是学习的一部分。固定短语make mistakes表示犯错，该处需名词复数，放在making之后作宾语；提示语义与“错误”相关，该短语常用名词复数。结合首字母m及上下文逻辑提示填mistakes。 8．句意：漫长一天之后当我们感到烦闷时，他总是知道如何再次让我们开怀大笑。感官动词feel后接形容词，该处需一个形容词，在句中作表语；提示语义与“烦闷的”相关，修饰人的感受用-ed形容词。结合首字母b及语义提示填bored。 9．句意：Leo希望他和他的伙伴们未来能像爱迪生那样成为发明家。Edison是发明家，该处需名词复数，在句中作表语；提示语义与“发明家”相关，主语为多个人，名词用复数。结合首字母i及上下文逻辑提示填inventors。 10．句意：他也是一位很好的倾听者，当我们遇到难题时，他总是愿意倾听我们的烦恼。后文说明他善于倾听他人，该处需一个单数名词，在句中作表语；提示语义与“倾听者”相关，不定冠词a后接可数名词单数。结合首字母l及上下文逻辑提示填listener。 Passage 4 根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。（每空一词） My name is Li Hua. I study at Sunshine Middle School. Our school life is very colourful and I e 1 it. Every day, we have different lessons. We have many s 2 to learn, like Chinese, Maths, English and Science. My favourite subject is English because our English teacher is very h 3 and always makes his lessons interesting. A 4 class, there are many kinds of clubs for us. I am a member of the Reading Club. We go to the library every Wednesday afternoon and share our favourite books with each other. I also like playing basketball with my classmates d 5 break time. Our school has a big dining hall. We have one and a half h 6 for lunch every day. There are different kinds of food and they t 7 good. We can also buy fruit and snacks there. I have made many good friends at school. We often help each other with our studies. When I feel u 8 , my friends always cheer me up. I think school life is the best time in our lives. I feel very l 9 to study in such a great school. I will treasure the happy days and work h 10 to make progress. 【答案】 1．enjoy 2．subjects 3．humorous 4．After 5．during 6．hours 7．taste 8．upset 9．lucky 10．hard 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了李华在阳光中学的校园生活，包括课程、课后活动、食堂以及朋友间的互助。 【详解】1．句意：我们的学校生活非常丰富多彩，我非常喜欢它。根据前文“Our school life is very colourful”可知，作者对学校生活持积极态度，此处需填表示“享受/喜欢”的动词。结合首字母e可知“enjoy”符合语义。主语是“I”，时态为一般现在时，故填enjoy。 2．句意：我们有许多科目要学习，比如语文、数学、英语和科学。根据后文列举的Chinese, Maths, English and Science可知，此处指“科目”，首字母s对应subject，many后接可数名词复数，故填subjects。 3．句意：我最喜欢的科目是英语，因为我们的英语老师非常幽默，总是让他的课变得有趣。根据“makes his lessons interesting”可知，老师很有趣，此处需填表示风趣、幽默的形容词，结合首字母h，形容词humorous符合语境。 4．句意：课后，我们有许多俱乐部供我们选择。前文讲日常上课，后文介绍社团活动，结合首字母A，after class表示“课后”符合语境，句首首字母大写，故填After。 5．句意：我也喜欢在课间休息时和同学们打篮球。根据“break time”可知，表达在课间这段时间内，首字母d，介词during表示“在……期间”，故填during。 6．句意：我们每天有一个半小时的午餐时间。根据“one and a half”可知，此处需填复数名词，结合首字母h可知“hours”符合语境。 7．句意：有不同种类的食物，它们尝起来很好吃。主语they指代食物，后面搭配形容词good，首字母t，taste表示“尝起来”，一般现在时，主语为复数，用动词原形，故填taste。 8．句意：当我感到沮丧时，朋友们总是使我振作起来。根据后文“my friends always cheer me up”可知朋友会让我振作，说明此刻心情难过、沮丧，feel是系动词，后接形容词，结合首字母u，upset符合语境。 9．句意：在这样一所极好的学校里学习，我感到非常幸运。结合原文语境“study in such a great school”，体现作者心怀感恩、倍感幸运，feel后接形容词，结合首字母l，lucky符合语境。 10．句意：我将珍惜这些快乐的日子，并努力学习以取得进步。后文“to make progress”表示想要取得进步，通常需要刻苦学习。空格前是动词work，需要副词修饰动词，结合首字母h，副词hard表示“努力地”，work hard意为“努力学习”，故填hard。 Passage 5 Miss Green is our Art teacher. We can learn some DIY s 1 in her class. She often teaches us how to paint, repair, and e 2 cook. On Thursday, Miss Green gave us a special lesson—making potato printings (印刷). What you n 3 are potatoes, thick paint, a large knife, a small knife and some paper. First, d 4 what shape you would like to print with your potato. S 5 shapes work best and they are easiest to make. Try hearts, moons, suns, and flowers to start with. Once you’ve had some practice, try to make m 6 shapes like cars, boats and numbers. And then, cut a potato in half w 7 the large knife. Use the small knife to make an outline (轮廓) of the shape you want to make on one half of the potato. N 8 , cut away the unwanted potato, about a quarter of one inch deep, around the outline of the shape. And then put the potato printing into the thick paint. At last, press (按) the potato printing onto any paper to make your printings. All of us were very happy to make the printings by o 9 . I made heart, flower and face printings and Mary made moon and sun printings. I also s 10 my potato paintings with my parents. 【答案】 1．skills 2．even 3．need 4．decide 5．Simple 6．more 7．with 8．Next 9．ourselves 10．shared 【导语】本文讲述了格林老师在美术课上教大家制作土豆拓印，介绍所需材料、制作步骤以及同学们的成果。 【详解】1．句意：在她的课上我们可以学习一些DIY技能。首字母s，some后接可数名词复数，skill表示“技能”，复数skills，符合“课上学习技能”的语境。 2．句意：她经常教我们如何绘画、修补，甚至烹饪。前文已经罗列了“teach us how to paint, repair”两类技能，后文的cook是超出常规美术课范畴的拓展内容，首字母e对应程度副词even（甚至）体现递进逻辑，突出老师教学内容的丰富性。 3．句意：你所需要的东西是土豆、厚颜料、一把大刀、一把小刀和一些纸。“potatoes, thick paint, a large knife, a small knife and some paper”是需要准备的物品，首字母n对应单词need“需要”，what you need表示“你所需要的物品”。 4．句意：首先，决定你想用土豆拓印什么形状。“First”提示这是制作第一步，先要选定想要拓印的图案，首字母d对应单词decide，意为“决定”，本句为祈使句，用动词原形。 5．句意：简单的形状效果最好，而且最容易制作。“easiest to make”最容易制作的通常是简单的形状，首字母S对应Simple“简单的” ，形容词修饰名词shapes。 6．句意：一旦你有了一些练习，尝试制作更多像汽车、小船和数字这样的形状。前面先做简单图形，练习之后再尝试更多别的造型，存在数量递进，首字母m对应more“更多的”，修饰名词shapes。 7．句意：然后，用大刀把土豆切成两半。“the large knife”为使用的工具，首字母w对应介词with，表示用（某种工具）。 8．句意：接下来，沿着形状轮廓切掉多余的土豆，大约四分之一英寸深。文章用First、And then介绍步骤，此处是下一步操作，用Next“接下来”承接，句首首字母大写。 9．句意：我们所有人都很高兴自己动手制作拓印作品。by oneself固定搭配，表示独立完成；主语是All of us，对应的反身代词是ourselves。 10．句意：我还和我的父母分享我的土豆拓印作品。结合前文自己在课上完成作品的前提，合理动作是把作品分享给父母，首字母s对应单词share，share sth with sb是固定搭配表示“和某人分享某物”，全文时态为一般过去时，因此填shared。 Passage 6 My ideal school education is something that makes our future better. It should be at an area where students will have short travel time, but it is also i 1 that it’s not in the middle of the town where there is heavy traffic. It should also be far away from factories so that it will be q 2 around the school and students can study with attention. The building should also be big e 3 to place the classes in a planned way. It must include all facilities to give the students better education. There should also be playgrounds and some places where the students can rest their minds d 4 the breaks. The teachers should be able to prepare the lessons as interesting as possible and c 5 about the students. Teachers should always be r 6 to help students when they need help not only as a teacher but also as a p 7 or a friend. In my ideal school, students should not be a 8 of making mistakes or asking questions. If they don’t u 9 , they shouldn’t hesitate to ask questions. Nobody is right all the time and it is natural that everyone makes m 10 . Everyone should point out other people’s mistakes in a good way, so that they can learn through their mistakes and can be a better person. 【答案】 1．important 2．quiet 3．enough 4．during 5．care 6．ready 7．partner 8．afraid 9．understand 10．mistakes 【导语】本文讲述作者心中理想的学校教育，介绍理想学校的选址、环境、校舍设施，还对老师的备课、对待学生的态度提出要求，同时谈到学生不必害怕犯错，要敢于提问，大家友好指出错误，在错误中成长。 【详解】1．句意：它应该在一个学生上学路程短的地方，但同样重要的是，它不在交通拥堵的市中心。空处位于系动词“is”之后，应用形容词作表语，构成“it is+adj.+that...”结构；除了路程短之外，“同样重要的是”学校不在市中心，首字母“i”对应的单词为“important”，形容词，意为“重要的”，符合语境。 2．句意：它也应该远离工厂，这样学校周围会很安静，学生可以专心学习。空处位于系动词“be”之后，应用形容词作表语；远离工厂是为了让学校周围“安静”，学生才能专心，首字母“q”对应的单词为“quiet”，形容词，意为“安静的”，符合语境。 3．句意：建筑也应该足够大，以便有计划地安排教室。“adj.+enough to do sth.”意为“足够……去做某事”，应填副词“enough”，此处指“建筑足够大可以有计划地安排教室”。 4．句意：还应该有操场和一些学生可以在课间休息放松的地方。学生是在“课间”休息放松，首字母“d”对应的单词为“during”，介词，意为“在……期间”，符合语境。 5．句意：老师应该能够把课准备得尽可能有趣，并且关心学生。空处位于“and”之后，与“prepare”并列，应填动词原形；老师不仅要备好课，还要“关心”学生，固定搭配“care about”表示“关心”，首字母“c”对应的单词为“care”，动词原形，符合语境。 6．句意：老师应该随时准备在学生需要帮助时帮助他们，不仅作为老师，也作为伙伴或朋友。老师应该随时“准备”帮助学生，首字母“r”对应的单词为“ready”，形容词，意为“准备好的”，符合语境。 7．句意：老师应该随时准备在学生需要帮助时帮助他们，不仅作为老师，也作为伙伴或朋友。空处位于冠词“a”之后，与“a friend”并列，应填名词单数，表示一种身份；老师除了是老师，还可以是“伙伴”或朋友，首字母“p”对应的单词为“partner”，名词单数，符合语境。 8．句意：在我的理想学校里，学生不应该害怕犯错误或提问。学生不应该“害怕”犯错或提问，固定搭配“be afraid of”表示“害怕”，首字母“a”对应的单词为“afraid”，形容词，意为“害怕的”，符合语境。 9．句意：如果他们不理解，他们不应该犹豫去提问。助动词don’t后接动词原形；如果不“理解”就应该提问，首字母“u”对应的单词为“understand”，动词原形，意为“理解”，符合语境。 10．句意：没有人总是对的，每个人都会犯错误是很自然的。每个人都会“犯错误”，固定搭配“make mistakes”，首字母“m”对应的单词为“mistakes”，名词复数，意为“错误”，符合语境。 Passage 7 In school, you surely have had the e 1 that there are good students and not so good ones. And there are the outstanding (优秀的) ones. In this passage, we will give you some tips on how to become part of the group of great and outstanding students. An outstanding student is a person who is curious and sees things d 2 . He always asks questions and has a lot of creative ideas. He likes to connect things to other experiences. And yes, he usually gets good if not the best grades in school. H 3 , you shouldn’t care much about grades. If you pay all your attention to getting good grades, then you’ll miss the p 4 . You don’t start with good grades and then become brilliant and outstanding. It is the other way around. So how can you become an “A” student? You can have only ideas and creative breakthroughs (突破) about things you know. The more k 5 you have, the more you are able to connect these separate parts and facts in unusual ways. You are likely to ask interesting q 6 . And you might even come up with surprising answers. What’s more, you should also know that u 7 new knowledge by yourself is not always easy, especially if the knowledge is completely new to you. It may take you several days or e 8 weeks to take it in. So start early reading your learning material. Understanding is the f 9 purpose of your learning. Rote learning (死记硬背) of facts w 10 understanding is not helpful, even completely useless. 【答案】 1．experience 2．differently 3．However 4．point 5．knowledge 6．questions 7．understanding 8．even 9．final 10．without 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍优秀学生的特质，告诉我们想要成为优等生，不能只看重分数，要学会独立理解知识、主动思考，理解才是学习的最终目的。 【详解】1．句意：在学校，你肯定有过这样的经历：有好学生，也有不那么优秀的学生。该处需一个名词，在句中作宾语；前文have had提示语义与“经历”相关；have the experience为常用搭配。结合首字母e，应填experience。 2．句意：一名优秀的学生充满好奇心，看待事物的方式与众不同。该处需一个副词，在句中作状语修饰动词sees；上下文提示语义与“不同地”相关；副词修饰动词。结合首字母d，应填differently。 3．句意：然而，你不应该过多在意分数。该处需一个副词，在句中作句首状语表转折；上下文提示语义与“然而”相关；用于句首，首字母大写。结合首字母H，应填However。 4．句意：如果你把全部注意力放在取得好成绩上，你就会错过重点。该处需一个名词，在句中作宾语；上下文提示语义与“要点，重点”相关；定冠词the后接名词。结合首字母p，应填point。 5．句意：你拥有的知识越多，你就越能以不同寻常的方式把这些独立的部分和事实联系起来。the more后接名词，结合首字母k，knowledge “知识，不可数名词”符合语义。 6．句意：你很可能会提出有趣的问题。该处需一个可数名词复数，在句中作宾语；上下文提示语义与“问题”相关；形容词interesting后修饰名词，此处用复数表泛指。结合首字母q，应填questions。 7．句意：此外，你应该知道独自理解新知识并不总是容易的。该处需一个动名词，在从句中作主语；上下文提示语义与"理解"相关；动名词可充当句子主语。结合首字母u，应填understanding。 8．句意：这可能要花费你好几天，甚至几周去吸收它。该处需一个副词，在句中作状语表递进，副词用于加强语气。结合首字母e，应填even。 9．句意：理解是你学习的最终目的。该处需一个形容词，在句中作定语修饰名词purpose；上下文提示语义与“最终的”相关；形容词修饰名词。结合首字母f，应填final。 10．句意：没有理解，死记硬背事实是没有帮助的，甚至完全无用。该处需一个介词，在句中作状语；上下文提示语义与"没有"相关；介词后接名词构成介词短语。结合首字母w，应填without。 Passage 8 根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词, 使短文意思完整, 每空一词。 Your school days should be some of the best and h 1 days of your life. How can you get the most from them and make sure you do not waste this excellent chance to learn? Be a 2 at school. Don’t say that things are difficult or b 3 . You should be interested in school life and school subjects. Join in lots of a 4 . Put your hands up quickly in class. Go around the school w 5 a big smile on your face. If you do not work, you will waste your time at school. Teachers cannot make everything enjoyable for you, so try to do it by y 6 . Keep fit. I 7 you do not have breakfast, you will be thinking about food in class. If you go to bed late and do not have e 8 sleep, you will be sleepy in class. You should do something to make yourself energetic. P 9 sports for over one hour every day can keep your body strong. At weekends, get together with your friends in order to make your life colorful. F 10 the problem. Do not say that you will do things tomorrow. If you get behind the class, you will have problems catching up with others. You can’t finish the race if you rest all the time. Everyone fails in some exams, loses some matches and has bad days. Don’t let small problems seem very big or important. Don’t forget to ask for help. You are young. No one thinks you must do everything quite well. Follow us and have a happy school life! 【答案】 1．happiest 2．active 3．boring 4．activities 5．with 6．yourself 7．If 8．enough 9．Playing 10．Face 【导语】本文是一篇说明文（或建议类短文），主要讲述了学生如何充分利用学校时光，通过保持活跃、健康体魄和直面问题来拥有快乐的学校生活。 【详解】1．句意：你的校园时光应该是你一生中最美好、最快乐的时光之一。根据“some of the best and...days of your life”可知，此处表示校园时光是人生中最美好的时光之一，and连接并列成分，空格处应填形容词最高级。结合首字母h提示，happy意为“快乐的”，其最高级为happiest，故填happiest。 2．句意：在学校要积极主动。根据后文“Join in lots of activities. Put your hands up quickly in class.”可知，文章建议学生积极参与活动、主动回答问题。结合首字母a提示，active意为“积极的；活跃的”，在句中作表语，故填active。 3．句意：不要说事情很困难或无聊。根据“difficult or...”可知，空格处与difficult并列，描述事情的特点。且与后文中interested意思相反，结合首字母b提示，boring意为“无聊的”，故填boring。 4．句意：参加许多活动。根据“Join in lots of...”可知，此处表示参加许多活动。固定搭配“join in activities”意为“参加活动”，lots of后接可数名词复数，结合首字母a提示，故填activities。 5．句意：面带微笑在校园里走动。根据“a big smile on your face”可知，此处表示带着微笑。固定搭配“with a smile on one’s face”意为“面带微笑”，故填with。 6．句意：老师无法让一切事情都变得有趣起来，因此自己努力去做。前半句说明“老师没办法让所有事情都合你的心意、让你觉得有意思”，顺承的逻辑就是：要自己主动去发掘乐趣、主动投入，by oneself是固定搭配表示“独自、靠自己”，这句话的受众是正在看建议的学生，搭配首字母y，填入反身代词yourself。 7．句意：如果你不吃早餐，你上课时就会想着食物。根据前后句意可知，不吃早餐会导致上课时感到饿，空格处应填引导条件状语从句的连词。结合首字母I提示，故填If。 8．句意：如果你睡得很晚，睡眠不足，你上课时就会犯困。根据“If you go to bed late”和“you will be sleepy in class”可知，睡眠不足会导致上课犯困。结合首字母e提示，enough意为“足够的”，修饰名词sleep，故填enough。 9．句意：每天进行一个多小时的体育运动可以让你的身体保持强壮。根据“...sports for over one hour every day”可知，此处表示进行体育运动。结合首字母P提示，play sports意为“做体育运动”，此处作主语，应用动名词形式playing，故填Playing。 10．句意：面对问题。根据后文“Do not say that you will do things tomorrow.”可知，文章建议学生不要拖延，要积极处理问题。结合首字母F提示，face意为“面对”，此处为祈使句，动词用原形，故填Face。 18 / 18乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $考前特训 专题05 首字母填空 期中考满分冲刺（南通专用） 姓名：___________班级：___________座号：___________ 内容提要 题型分析 解题指导 集中突破 一、题型定位 “首字母填空”是南通期中卷语言知识运用板块的压轴小题：短文挖出 10 个空，每个空已给出首字母，要求写出完整单词，且每空只填一词。它既考词汇（拼写、词形），也考语法（时态、单复数、词性），还考语篇（前后逻辑、固定搭配）。 与语法填空相比，它更容易“看着眼熟、写不出来”：首字母把范围缩到很小，但答案必须同时满足“首字母对、词性对、形式对、语义对”四条，缺一条就丢分——这也是它最容易“会而不得分”的原因。 二、命题形式与题量 本次特训共 8 篇短文、80 个空，每篇 10 空，每空首字母已给出、只填一词；语篇词数在 170—263 词之间，按由短到长的顺序梯度排列。 取材以记叙文与说明文为主：孔子与弟子、Leo 的科学俱乐部、理想中的学校、校园生活、优秀学生的特质、DIY 做玩偶、土豆拓印等，话题贴近教材与生活，句子结构不算复杂，但对“词形变化”的要求很细。 三、核心考点分布（基于本次特训 80 空梳理） 逐篇梳理 80 个空，考点可归纳为以下八类： （1）名词的单复数与词形：看限定词（some / a lot of / one of the / a few）与谓语，如 Passage 3 题 7 的 mistakes（make mistakes）、Passage 2 题 4 的 differences（a lot of）、Passage 5 题 1 的 skills（some）。 （2）形容词与副词：修饰名词用形容词、修饰动词用副词，如 Passage 8 题 1 的 happiest（the best and...）、Passage 2 题 3 的 carefully（修饰 listened）、Passage 7 题 2 的 differently（修饰 sees）。 （3）动词的时态与主谓一致：按时间状语与主语定形式，如 Passage 3 题 2 的 finished（last term）、Passage 4 题 7 的 taste（主语 they）、Passage 6 题 9 的 understand（don’t 后接原形）。 （4）比较级与最高级：看 than、the、one of the 等标志，如 Passage 2 题 5 的 biggest、Passage 8 题 1 的 happiest。 （5）介词与固定搭配：one...the other、by oneself、be curious about、make mistakes、be afraid of，如 Passage 2 题 2 的 other、Passage 5 题 9 的 ourselves、Passage 8 题 5 的 with。 （6）代词（含反身代词）：看指代对象与单复数，如 Passage 2 题 1 的 them、Passage 8 题 6 的 yourself、Passage 5 题 9 的 ourselves。 （7）连词与句首逻辑词：判断分句关系，如 Passage 8 题 7 的 If（条件状语从句）、Passage 7 题 3 的 However（句首转折副词）。 （8）语序与固定结构：如 Passage 6 题 3 的 enough（big enough to do）、Passage 8 题 2 的 active（be active at school）。 四、难度与趋势 整体难度中等偏上：首字母给了“半个答案”，但真正失分的地方在“形式”——知道要填 mistake，却写成 mistake 单数；知道要填 careful，却忘了变副词。历次阅卷显示，首字母填空的失分有一半以上不是“想不出词”，而是“形式不对”。 南通期中卷近年的选材更偏“教材话题 + 生活情境”，句式不刁钻，但对固定搭配的考查更细（by oneself、one...the other、be curious about、big enough to do）。备考时应把“首字母 + 词性 + 搭配”三件事绑在一起练，而不是孤立背单词。 一、四步解题法 第一步：通读全文，定基调。先不看空读一遍，判断是记叙文还是说明文、是过去时还是现在时、主语是第几人称——这一步决定了后面所有动词的形式。 第二步：看空定词性。缺主语或宾语→名词；缺谓语→动词；系动词后、名词前→形容词；修饰动词或形容词→副词；名词前缺限定→冠词或代词。 第三步：按首字母 + 语义锁定单词。把首字母当作“检索入口”，在同类词里找与上下文最贴的一个；同时想它有没有固定搭配（be curious about / make mistakes / by oneself）。 第四步：定形式、代回读。名词查单复数、动词查时态与三单、形容词副词查比较等级、代词查格，然后把词填回原句通读，确认语义与语法都通。 二、结合本次特训题目的实战点拨 【点拨1】名词复数（固定搭配）——以Passage 3 题 7 为例：原文 “He was never afraid of making m 7 ”，make mistakes 是固定搭配，意为“犯错误”，且此处泛指，须用复数，故填 mistakes。提示：遇到 m 开头的空又和“犯错”有关，先想 mistake；make / make a / make some 之后的形式要分清。 【点拨2】形容词最高级——以Passage 8 题 1 为例：原文 “Your school days should be some of the best and h 1 days of your life.” 空与 best 并列，且前有 some of the，须用最高级，故填 happiest。提示：看到 the / one of the / 与最高级并列，立刻想 -est；happy 变 happiest 要记得 y→i。 【点拨3】副词修饰动词——以Passage 2 题 3 为例：原文 “He always listened c 3 to Confucius.” 空修饰动词 listened，须用副词，故填 carefully。提示：副词题两步——先定“修饰谁”，再变形式；careful→carefully，千万别漏 -ly。 【点拨4】动词过去时——以Passage 3 题 2 为例：原文 “Every day he f 2 his homework quickly so that he could...”，全文以 last term 起笔，叙述过去的事，谓语用过去式，故填 finished。提示：首字母填空的动词题先看“全篇时态”，再看“本句时间状语”，两处一致才敢下笔。 【点拨5】固定搭配 one...the other——以Passage 2 题 2 为例：原文 “He had many students, and two of them were very different. One was named Yan Hui and the o 2 was named Zigong.” 前有 One，后接“另一个”，用 one...the other 结构，故填 other。提示：one...the other（两者中的另一个）、some...others（一些……另一些）要分清。 【点拨6】反身代词（by oneself）——以Passage 5 题 9 为例：原文 “All of us were very happy to make the printings by o 9 ”，by oneself 意为“独自、亲手”，主语是 All of us，故填 ourselves。提示：by + 反身代词是高频短语，先看主语是单数还是复数，再定 myself / ourselves / yourself / themselves。 【点拨7】介词（方式状语）——以Passage 8 题 5 为例：原文 “Put your hands up quickly in class. Go around the school w 5 a big smile on your face.” 表“带着（微笑）”用介词 with，故填 with。提示：with + 名词常作伴随状语；首字母 w 的空若后面直接跟名词短语，先想 with。 【点拨8】连词（条件状语从句）——以Passage 8 题 7 为例：原文 “I 7 you do not have breakfast, you will be thinking about food in class.” 前半句是条件、后半句是结果，且用逗号隔开，故填 If（句首大写）。提示：句首连词别忘大写；条件用 If / Unless，原因用 Because，转折用 Although。 【点拨9】介词后用动名词——以Passage 2 题 10 为例：原文 “This story tells us everyone is different, but we can become better by u 10 and respecting one another.” 介词 by 后接动名词，且与 respecting 并列，故填 understanding。提示：by / without / after 后面的动词一律用 -ing，且要与并列成分的形式保持一致。 【点拨10】enough 的语序——以Passage 6 题 3 为例：原文 “The building should also be big e 3 to place the classes in a planned way.” 考查 adj. + enough to do sth. 结构，enough 必须放在形容词之后，故填 enough。提示：enough 修饰形容词/副词时后置（big enough），修饰名词时前置（enough time），这是中考高频陷阱。 三、易错提醒 • 首字母只决定“起点”，不决定“形式”：单词想对了还要查单复数、时态、比较等级、词性。 • 名词看限定词：some / a lot of / one of the / several 后面多为复数；a / an / the + 单数。 • 动词三查：全篇时态、本句时间状语、主语单复数；三者不一致就以句子为准。 • 形容词与副词别混：修饰名词用形容词，修饰动词、形容词或全句用副词。 • 句首的空（如 If / However / Thanks）必须大写，这是最不该丢的分。 • 填完把整句读一遍，读着别扭的多半是形式错了。 Passage 1 根据所给首字母和短文内容，写出空白处各单词的完整形式。 Last weekend, Millie and Amy visited Suzy’s home. They decided to do a DIY project together. They wanted to make a little d 1 for Suzy’s little sister because she loves dolls. First, they c 2 some clean gloves with bright colours and fun patterns. Next, they g 3 two buttons onto the finger parts of the gloves for the eyes. They had to wait a few minutes for the glue to dry. Then, they sewed some pieces of colourful t 4 above the buttons for hair. When they finished, the doll looked l 5 . Suzy thought it looked w 6 , but Millie and Amy said it was the most wonderful doll in the world. They all l 7 and felt very happy. After that, they talked about their f 8 DIY experience. Amy said she once t 9 to put up a picture on the wall, but she hit a pipe and water came out. It was a complete mess! They all agreed that DIY is fun, but we should be c 10 when we do it. Passage 2 根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。 Confucius (孔子) was a great teacher in ancient China. He had many students, and two of t 1 were very different. One was named Yan Hui and the o 2 was named Zigong. Yan Hui was quiet and shy. He always listened c 3 to Confucius. Zigong was outgoing and loud. He liked to ask many questions. Although they had a lot of d 4 , they both respected (尊敬) Confucius and learned from him. One day, Confucius asked his students, “What is your b 5 strength in your life?” Yan Hui said, “My greatest strength is that I never make the same mistake.” Zigong said, “My greatest strength is that I can solve problems q 6 ,” Confucius smiled and said, “Both of you are right. Each person has their own strengths and weaknesses. The important thing is to learn from each other and i 7 ourselves.” Yan Hui and Zigong realized they both loved learning and c 8 about others. They decided to help each other. T 9 to their friendship, they became even better. This story tells us everyone is different, but we can become better by u 10 and respecting one another. Passage 3 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空一词。 My best friend Leo joined the school science club last term and soon became one of the most popular members in it. He was c 1 about the world around him and always asked questions to learn more. Every day he f 2 his homework quickly so that he could spend more time in the lab. Once a new member could not understand the English handbook, and Leo t 3 it into Chinese for him. His funny stories often brought j 4 to the whole club. When we met hard problems, he s 5 for useful information on the Internet first and often solved them by h 6 without asking others for help. He was never afraid of making m 7 , because he believed failure was part of learning. When we felt b 8 after a long day, he always knew how to make us laugh again. Leo hopes that he and his partners will become i 9 like Edison in the future. He is also a good l 10 , who always listens to us when we have problems. From Leo I learned that a true friend not only works with you but also helps you become a better person. Passage 4 根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。（每空一词） My name is Li Hua. I study at Sunshine Middle School. Our school life is very colourful and I e 1 it. Every day, we have different lessons. We have many s 2 to learn, like Chinese, Maths, English and Science. My favourite subject is English because our English teacher is very h 3 and always makes his lessons interesting. A 4 class, there are many kinds of clubs for us. I am a member of the Reading Club. We go to the library every Wednesday afternoon and share our favourite books with each other. I also like playing basketball with my classmates d 5 break time. Our school has a big dining hall. We have one and a half h 6 for lunch every day. There are different kinds of food and they t 7 good. We can also buy fruit and snacks there. I have made many good friends at school. We often help each other with our studies. When I feel u 8 , my friends always cheer me up. I think school life is the best time in our lives. I feel very l 9 to study in such a great school. I will treasure the happy days and work h 10 to make progress. Passage 5 Miss Green is our Art teacher. We can learn some DIY s 1 in her class. She often teaches us how to paint, repair, and e 2 cook. On Thursday, Miss Green gave us a special lesson—making potato printings (印刷). What you n 3 are potatoes, thick paint, a large knife, a small knife and some paper. First, d 4 what shape you would like to print with your potato. S 5 shapes work best and they are easiest to make. Try hearts, moons, suns, and flowers to start with. Once you’ve had some practice, try to make m 6 shapes like cars, boats and numbers. And then, cut a potato in half w 7 the large knife. Use the small knife to make an outline (轮廓) of the shape you want to make on one half of the potato. N 8 , cut away the unwanted potato, about a quarter of one inch deep, around the outline of the shape. And then put the potato printing into the thick paint. At last, press (按) the potato printing onto any paper to make your printings. All of us were very happy to make the printings by o 9 . I made heart, flower and face printings and Mary made moon and sun printings. I also s 10 my potato paintings with my parents. Passage 6 My ideal school education is something that makes our future better. It should be at an area where students will have short travel time, but it is also i 1 that it’s not in the middle of the town where there is heavy traffic. It should also be far away from factories so that it will be q 2 around the school and students can study with attention. The building should also be big e 3 to place the classes in a planned way. It must include all facilities to give the students better education. There should also be playgrounds and some places where the students can rest their minds d 4 the breaks. The teachers should be able to prepare the lessons as interesting as possible and c 5 about the students. Teachers should always be r 6 to help students when they need help not only as a teacher but also as a p 7 or a friend. In my ideal school, students should not be a 8 of making mistakes or asking questions. If they don’t u 9 , they shouldn’t hesitate to ask questions. Nobody is right all the time and it is natural that everyone makes m 10 . Everyone should point out other people’s mistakes in a good way, so that they can learn through their mistakes and can be a better person. Passage 7 In school, you surely have had the e 1 that there are good students and not so good ones. And there are the outstanding (优秀的) ones. In this passage, we will give you some tips on how to become part of the group of great and outstanding students. An outstanding student is a person who is curious and sees things d 2 . He always asks questions and has a lot of creative ideas. He likes to connect things to other experiences. And yes, he usually gets good if not the best grades in school. H 3 , you shouldn’t care much about grades. If you pay all your attention to getting good grades, then you’ll miss the p 4 . You don’t start with good grades and then become brilliant and outstanding. It is the other way around. So how can you become an “A” student? You can have only ideas and creative breakthroughs (突破) about things you know. The more k 5 you have, the more you are able to connect these separate parts and facts in unusual ways. You are likely to ask interesting q 6 . And you might even come up with surprising answers. What’s more, you should also know that u 7 new knowledge by yourself is not always easy, especially if the knowledge is completely new to you. It may take you several days or e 8 weeks to take it in. So start early reading your learning material. Understanding is the f 9 purpose of your learning. Rote learning (死记硬背) of facts w 10 understanding is not helpful, even completely useless. Passage 8 根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词, 使短文意思完整, 每空一词。 Your school days should be some of the best and h 1 days of your life. How can you get the most from them and make sure you do not waste this excellent chance to learn? Be a 2 at school. Don’t say that things are difficult or b 3 . You should be interested in school life and school subjects. Join in lots of a 4 . Put your hands up quickly in class. Go around the school w 5 a big smile on your face. If you do not work, you will waste your time at school. Teachers cannot make everything enjoyable for you, so try to do it by y 6 . Keep fit. I 7 you do not have breakfast, you will be thinking about food in class. If you go to bed late and do not have e 8 sleep, you will be sleepy in class. You should do something to make yourself energetic. P 9 sports for over one hour every day can keep your body strong. At weekends, get together with your friends in order to make your life colorful. F 10 the problem. Do not say that you will do things tomorrow. If you get behind the class, you will have problems catching up with others. You can’t finish the race if you rest all the time. Everyone fails in some exams, loses some matches and has bad days. Don’t let small problems seem very big or important. Don’t forget to ask for help. You are young. No one thinks you must do everything quite well. Follow us and have a happy school life! 18 / 18乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $