专题02 阅读理解-【题型易-必考题型精练】2026-2027学年译林版英语八年级上册 期中考 冲刺考前梯度特训（南通专用）

考前特训 专题02 阅读理解 期中考满分冲刺（南通专用） 姓名：___________班级：___________座号：___________ 内容提要 题型分析 解题指导 集中突破 一、题型定位 “阅读理解”是初中英语期中、期末及中考的必考大题，也是南通卷中题量最稳定的一块。它要求学生在 140—350 词的语篇中获取细节、猜测词义、推断隐含信息、概括主旨与判断标题，考的是“在语篇中定位并加工信息”的能力，而不是逐词翻译。 南通期中卷的阅读选材贴近学生生活：校园活动、成长故事、学习方法、科普说明、手工制作等都可能出现，四道小题往往按“细节—细节—推断/词义—主旨/标题”的顺序递进，最后一题常常需要通读全文才能定夺。 二、命题形式与题量 本次特训共 8 篇短文、32 题，每篇设 4 道小题，四选一；语篇词数在 146—346 词之间，按由短到长的顺序梯度排列，最短的是说明文（DIY 的三个好处），最长的是科普说明（Study with Me 直播学习）。 设问方式包括细节理解、推理判断、词义猜测、主旨大意、最佳标题、正误判断与观点态度；其中细节题仍占多数，但“根据原文推断”“划线词在句中是什么意思”这类需要多走一步的题，正是拉开分差的地方。 三、核心考点分布（基于本次特训 32 题梳理） 逐题梳理本次特训的 32 道题，考点分布如下（合计 32 题）： （1）细节理解题（18 题，约占 56%）：直接考查文中明确陈述的事实——位置、时长、数量、原因、做法，如 Passage 3 题 1 问 Lily 起初担心的原因、Passage 5 题 2 问需要几根木棍。 （2）推理判断题（4 题，约占 13%）：在事实基础上推一步，如 Passage 1 题 3 由“his eyes shone with joy”推人物心情、Passage 8 题 3 由“secret study partners”推其作用。 （3）主旨大意题（4 题，约占 13%）：概括全文或末段的核心，如 Passage 7 题 4 由“there is no end to a dream”提炼“重新开始永远不晚”、Passage 2 题 4 归纳末段主题句“Safety always comes first”。 （4）词义猜测题（2 题）：根据上下文或构词线索推断划线词含义，如 Passage 2 题 2 的 stress（压力）、Passage 4 题 3 的 practical（实用的）。 （5）最佳标题题（2 题）：要求概括全文的“话题 + 落点”，如 Passage 1 题 4 的 Friendship Week at Our School、Passage 4 题 4 的 How to Be a Curious Learner。 （6）正误判断题（1 题）：四个选项逐一回原文核对，如 Passage 2 题 3 判断哪一项与原文相符。 （7）观点态度题（1 题）：判断作者对某一事物的看法，如 Passage 8 题 4 问作者如何看待未来学习方式。 四、难度与趋势 整体难度中等：细节题占五成半，是保分的底盘；但干扰项不再“一眼假”，常用“原文有这个词、但搭配的对象换了”“把某一处的做法说成全文主张”等方式设套，需要考生把选项逐句带回原文比对。 趋势上有三点值得注意：一是说明文比例上升（三种学习方法、DIY 的好处、纸扇制作、直播学习），这类文章重“顺序与要点”，靠找主题句和序列词就能快速理清；二是推断题的落点更细，常锁定一个动作或一句话的含义；三是标题题与主旨题都要求“覆盖全文”，只概括某一段的选项一律排除。 一、四步解题法 第一步：先读题干，圈出关键词。人名、时间、数字、划线词、疑问词（why / how long / how many）都要圈出来，先明确“要找什么”，再回原文。 第二步：定位原文，划出信息句。按关键词回到对应段落，找到原句或同义句并划线；说明文的步骤题注意 First / Second / Finally 这类序列词。 第三步：比对选项，排除干扰。把四个选项逐一与信息句对照，排除“张冠李戴”“偷换范围”“无中生有”的选项，留下与原文最贴合的一项。 第四步：复查定论。把答案代回题干读一遍，确认问的是“原因”还是“结果”、是“全文”还是“某段”，避免答非所问。 二、结合本次特训题目的实战点拨 【点拨1】细节理解（原因定位）——以Passage 3 题 1 为例：题干问 Lily 起初为什么担心，原文 “She was not good at English at first. She felt worried about her English” 两句连读，原因就是“英语不好”，故选 A。提示：问 why 的题，答案往往就在含 worried / afraid / happy 这类情绪词的前一句或后一句。 【点拨2】细节理解（数字与时长）——以Passage 3 题 3 为例：题干问花了多长时间，原文 “After three months, Lily’s English improved a lot.” 直接给出三个月，故选 C。提示：时间、数量类细节先扫数字，再确认数字后面的名词与题干是否一致，别把“三首古诗”“三个原因”误当成答案。 【点拨3】推理判断（由句意推心情）——以Passage 1 题 3 为例：题干问 “his eyes shone with joy” 说明 Daniel 当时怎样，原文 “When Daniel read it, his eyes shone with joy.” 中 joy 意为“喜悦”，眼睛闪着喜悦自然是开心，故选 D。提示：推断题不要凭空想象，抓住句中那个“情绪词”或“动作词”再推一步即可。 【点拨4】词义猜测（上下文 + 并列线索）——以Passage 2 题 2 为例：原文 “you will forget your worries and stress from study” 中 stress 与 worries 并列，且都来自学习，可推知是“压力”，故选 A。提示：划线词看它与前后词是并列、解释还是转折关系；并列结构里，两个词的感情色彩通常一致。 【点拨5】主旨大意（抓末段感悟句）——以Passage 7 题 4 为例：原文结尾 “there is no end to a dream as long as we are not afraid of starting over again” 是全文的感悟句，讲的是“不怕重来，梦想就没有终点”，故选 A（重新开始永远不晚）。提示：记叙文的主旨常在最后一段的议论句里；其余选项多是对情节的片面概括（如“狗总惹麻烦”），一律排除。 【点拨6】最佳标题（话题 + 落点）——以Passage 4 题 4 为例：原文开头 “Here are three easy ways to start with.” 之后依次列出提问、联系生活、校外学习三条方法，全文讲的是“怎样做一个有好奇心的学习者”，故选 B。提示：标题要同时罩住“话题”和“写作目的”，只覆盖某一段的选项（如 The Best Way to Visit a Museum）不能用。 【点拨7】细节理解（时间数字直取）——以Passage 5 题 3 为例：题干问做纸扇要多久，原文 “You can make it in just 15 minutes.” 直接给出 15 分钟，故选 B。提示：说明文的“步骤 + 数字”是高频细节点，First / Second / Finally 之后的动词短语要顺手划下来。 【点拨8】正误判断（逐项回文核对）——以Passage 2 题 3 为例：题干要求选出与原文相符的一项，原文 “DIY can improve your confidence” 与 C 项一致；A 项“只适合年轻人”文中未提，B 项与“make it more active”相反，D 项与“read the instructions first”相悖，故选 C。提示：正误题不要凭印象，四项都要回原文各找一句依据，排除法最稳。 【点拨9】观点态度（末段定调）——以Passage 8 题 4 为例：原文末段 “ways of learning are always changing. They bring us new and exciting learning experiences.” 表明作者认为学习方式在不断变化、不断带来新体验，故选 C（富有创意且不断发展）。提示：观点题看作者用词的褒贬与情态动词（can / will），不要把自己的看法当成作者的态度。 三、易错提醒 • 选项出现绝对化词语（only / never / all / must）时要警惕，原文往往留有余地。 • 细节题最怕“张冠李戴”：原文说 A 做了某事，选项却安到 B 身上，回文时务必核对主语。 • 推断题只推一步，不要把“可能”说成“一定”，也不要加入原文没有的生活常识。 • 主旨题与标题题的区别：主旨题问“讲了什么”，标题题还要“起得像标题”——简洁、含话题、能覆盖全文。 • 说明文的步骤题按 First / Second / Finally 的顺序在原文标号，答题时直接对号，不必重读全篇。 Passage 1 Last month, our school had a Friendship Week. Students did many interesting things about friends and friendship during the week. The students of Class 1, Grade 8 made a “Friendship Wall” in their classroom. Everyone wrote kind notes and put them on the wall. Millie wrote, “Thank you for always smiling at me. Your smile makes my day.” Daniel got a note from his best friend Peter. It said, “You are helpful and honest. I am lucky to have a friend like you.” When Daniel read it, his eyes shone with joy. On Friday, the school had a “Best Friend Day”. Students brought photos of their best friends and told stories about them. Mr Wu said, “Good friends are important in our lives. They support us when we are unhappy and help us become better people.” The week was short, but the friendship it brought will last long. 1．What did the students of Class 1, Grade 8 do during Friendship Week? A．They had a football match. B．They made a “Friendship Wall”. C．They watched a film about friends. D．They visited an old people’s home. 2．What did the note to Daniel say? A．Millie thanked him for his smile. B．Millie was lucky to have a friend like him. C．Peter was lucky to have a friend like him. D．Peter asked him for help. 3．The sentence “his eyes shone with joy” shows that Daniel was ________. A．tired B．afraid C．angry D．happy 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．Friendship Week at Our School B．How to Write Notes C．Daniel’s Best Friend D．Best Friend Day 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了学校上个月举办的友谊周活动，介绍了八年级一班制作友谊墙和最佳朋友日的具体内容，强调了友谊的长久意义。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据第二段“The students of Class 1, Grade 8 made a ‘Friendship Wall’ in their classroom.”可知，八年级一班的学生在友谊周期间制作了友谊墙。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“Daniel got a note from his best friend Peter. It said, ... I am lucky to have a friend like you.”可知，纸条是Peter写给Daniel的，内容是Peter很幸运拥有像Daniel这样的朋友。 3．推理判断题。根据第二段“When Daniel read it, his eyes shone with joy.”可知，joy意为“喜悦”，眼睛闪烁着喜悦表明Daniel当时的心情是开心的。 4．最佳标题题。根据第一段“Last month, our school had a Friendship Week.”可知，全文围绕学校举办的友谊周活动展开，介绍了期间的具体活动和意义，因此最适合的标题是“Friendship Week at Our School”。 Passage 2 Doing DIY is not just fun. It is also good for your brain. Here are some reasons. First, DIY makes you use your hands and brain at the same time. When you make or repair things, you need to think carefully and move your hands properly. This can exercise your brain and make it more active. Second, DIY can help you relax. When you are busy with a DIY job, you will forget your worries and stress from study. It is a good way to take a break from busy school life. Third, DIY can improve your confidence. When you finish a DIY job by yourself, you will feel proud of yourself. This can make you believe you can do more things well. However, you should be careful when you do DIY. You’d better read the instructions first and use tools correctly. Safety always comes first. 1．How many reasons are mentioned to show DIY is good for brain? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 2．The underlined word “stress” in Paragraph 3 means “________” in Chinese. A．压力 B．快乐 C．收获 D．信心 3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．DIY is only fun for young people. B．DIY can make your brain less active. C．DIY can help people become more confident. D．You don’t need instructions for DIY jobs. 4．What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A．DIY is easy for everyone. B．Safety is important in DIY. C．We should do more DIY at home. D．Tools are necessary for DIY. 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了做DIY对大脑有益的三大原因（锻炼大脑、放松身心、提升自信），同时提醒大家在DIY时要注意安全。 【详解】1．原文第二、三、四段分别以“First”, “Second”, “Third”开头，列举了DIY对大脑有益的三个原因（锻炼大脑、帮助放松、提高自信）。 2．原文第三段划线词所在的句子“When you are busy with a DIY job, you will forget your worries and stress from study.”（当你忙于DIY时，你会忘记来自学习的担忧和压力）。结合生活常识和上下文，“worries”（担忧）与“stress”并列，且都来自“study”（学习），因此stress在此处意为“压力”。 3．原文第四段“DIY can improve your confidence”指出，DIY 可以提升自信；A文中未提只适合年轻人；B会让大脑更活跃；D要先读说明，故选C。 4．最后一段第一句是主题句“However, you should be careful when you do DIY.”（然而，做DIY时你应该小心）。随后具体说明要读说明书、正确使用工具，并总结“Safety always comes first.”（安全永远第一）。整段都在强调DIY中的安全问题。故选B（在DIY中安全很重要）。 Passage 3 Lily was a secondary school student. She was not good at English at first. She felt worried about her English and didn’t know what to do. One day, her teacher gave her some advice. First, she should read English aloud every morning. Second, she should write down useful sentences and carry a notebook with her. Third, she should listen to English songs and watch English online shows. Fourth, she should try to focus on the main idea of a talk or speech. Lily followed this plan. She read English aloud every morning and wrote down useful sentences. She also watched many online shows with people talking in English. At first, she could not understand much. But she didn’t give up. She repeated herself many times and practiced as often as possible. After three months, Lily’s English improved a lot. She could express herself clearly and make daily communication in English easier. She felt very happy and confident. From this experience, Lily learned that practice makes perfect. She also learned that if you keep learning and trying to improve, you will reach your goal. 1．Why did Lily feel worried at first? A．Because she was not good at English. B．Because she had no friends. C．Because she lost her notebook. D．Because she missed her plane. 2．What did Lily do to improve her English? A．She read English aloud every morning. B．She watched Chinese movies. C．She stopped doing her homework. D．She gave up learning English. 3．How long did it take Lily to improve her English? A．One month. B．Two months. C．Three months. D．Four months. 4．What did Lily learn from the experience? A．Practice makes perfect. B．English is not important. C．We should not watch online shows. D．We should give up when it is hard. 【答案】 1．A 2．A 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了中学生Lily起初因英语不好而担忧，在老师的建议下坚持练习，三个月后英语取得进步并重获自信的故事，揭示了熟能生巧的道理。 【详解】1．细节理解题。第1段“She was not good at English at first. She felt worried about her English and didn't know what to do.”解释Lily 起初感到担心是因为她英语不好。 2．细节理解题。第3段“She read English aloud every morning and wrote down useful sentences.”说明Lily通过每天早上大声朗读英语来提高水平。 3．细节理解题。第4段“After three months, Lily’s English improved a lot.”说明Lily花了三个月时间提高了英语。 4．细节理解题。第5段“From this experience, Lily learned that practice makes perfect.”说明Lily从经历中学到了熟能生巧。 Passage 4 Learning can be exciting when you follow your curiosity! Scientists say curious students enjoy studying more, and they can find ways to make school subjects more enjoyable. Here are three easy ways to start with. Ask questions. Always ask “why” when you learn something new. If you study physics, wonder why light travels faster than sound. When learning Chinese, ask why Tang poems remain so popular in modern China. Questions make learning more active and help you understand better. Franklin, the famous American inventor, was exactly this kind of learner. Connect lessons to real life. Find out how school subjects are part of your life. Maths helps when you are shopping. English is useful when you travel abroad. Geography can explain weather changes and the environment around us. When you find knowledge is practical, you will want to learn more. Learn outside school. Join a community centre to learn a new sport. Visit museums to see what life was like in the past. Going to a park or a zoo allows you to watch plants and animals carefully while learning about them. Different ways of learning keep your brain excited. Start with one way today. You will find learning useful, and you will also find it enjoyable. Remember, every subject becomes interesting when you are curious about it. 1．What do curious students do according to scientists? A．They ask fewer questions. B．They enjoy studying more. C．They get better grades in tests. D．They spend less time on homework. 2．Why does the writer mention Franklin in Paragraph 2? A．To prove that physics is difficult to learn. B．To show that Tang poems are still popular today. C．To explain that asking questions helps people learn better. D．To tell us that American inventors are cleverer than others. 3．What does the underlined word “practical” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Useful in real life. B．Difficult to learn. C．Easy to forget. D．New to students. 4．What is the best title for this passage? A．The Best Way to Visit a Museum B．How to Be a Curious Learner C．Why English Is Useful when You Travel D．How to Make More Friends 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了三种培养好奇心、成为爱提问的学习者的方法：多提问、把课堂知识联系现实生活、在校外学习，告诉我们带着好奇心去学习，学习会变得有趣。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Scientists say curious students enjoy studying more, and they can find ways to make school subjects more enjoyable.”可知，有好奇心的学生更加享受学习。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段“Questions make learning more active and help you understand better. Franklin, the famous American inventor, was exactly this kind of learner.”可知，作者举富兰克林的例子是为了说明提问有助于人们更好地学习。 3．词句猜测题。根据第三段“Maths helps when you are shopping. English is useful when you travel abroad. Geography can explain weather changes and the environment around us.”这些例子可以看出知识在现实生活中有用，所以“practical”意思是“在现实生活中有用的”。 4．最佳标题题。全文围绕好奇心展开，给出三条方法教我们做有好奇心的学习者，所以最佳标题是How to Be a Curious Learner。 Passage 5 When summer comes, the weather gets hot. A good fan can help you keep cool. Do you want to make a paper fan by yourself? It is easy, cheap and fun. You can make it in just 15 minutes. Let me tell you how to do it. Things you need to prepare: Two pieces of beautiful paper, a bottle of glue, two small wooden sticks, a pair of scissors, and some colored pencils. You can choose any paper you like, but strong paper is better. It can make your fan last longer. Steps to make the paper fan: First, draw pictures on the two pieces of paper. You can draw cute animals, beautiful flowers or anything you like. This is your favorite part because you can be creative. Second, fold the two pieces of paper carefully. You need to fold them again and again, just like the fans you see in shops. Third, glue the two pieces of folded paper together. Make sure they stick well. Fourth, paint the two wooden sticks with your favorite color. You can also draw small pictures on the sticks. Finally, glue the sticks onto the bottom of the folded paper. Hold for a minute until the glue dries. Now your paper fan is finished! You can take it with you when you go out in summer. The gentle wind from the fan will make you feel cool. Making things by yourself is really fun. 1．What is the first step to make a paper fan? A．Fold the paper. B．Draw pictures. C．Glue the paper. D．Paint the sticks. 2．How many wooden sticks do you need to make a paper fan? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 3．How long does it take to make a paper fan? A．About 10 minutes. B．About 15 minutes. C．About half an hour. D．About an hour. 4．What is the main idea of the passage? A．How to keep cool in summer. B．Different kinds of fans. C．How to make a paper fan. D．A fun summer vacation. 【答案】 1．B 2．B 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文介绍了自制纸扇所需的材料和详细的制作步骤，告诉读者手工制作纸扇简单、便宜又充满乐趣。 【详解】1．根据做纸扇的步骤“First, draw pictures on the two pieces of paper.”可知，制作纸扇的第一步是在纸上画画。 2．根据“Two pieces of beautiful paper, a bottle of glue, two small wooden sticks, a pair of scissors, and some colored pencils.”可知，制作纸扇需要两根小木棍。 3．根据第一段“You can make it in just 15 minutes.”可知，制作纸扇只需要15分钟。 4．文章第一段引出主题“Do you want to make a paper fan by yourself?”，随后详细介绍了制作纸扇的材料和步骤，最后一段总结“Now your paper fan is finished!”，因此文章的主旨是介绍如何制作纸扇。 Passage 6 Every year, our city holds a Youth Invention Competition. Last month, I went to the show to see the students’ works, and I was surprised by what I saw there. More than 120 inventions were on show, and none of them was copied from a shop. Let me tell you about two of them. The first one was a “quiet desk” made by a Grade 8 girl. In study rooms, the sound of moving chairs travels a long way, and it makes others unhappy. So the girl put soft rubber under the feet of every chair. The sound became much weaker. She said she got the idea when she noticed that her classmates always moved their chairs slowly so as not to trouble others. It took her only two weeks to finish it. The second one was even more interesting. Two boys from a junior high school invented a watering machine for old people who live alone. The machine can tell whether the soil is wet or dry, and it only waters the plants when it is really needed. Besides saving water, the machine helps old people look after their plants when they are ill or away from home. Neither of these things has ever appeared in a newspaper before, and neither of them is difficult to understand. What both of them show is that great ideas do not come from clever books alone. They come from watching carefully, asking questions, and being brave enough to try. Our city will hold the next competition in March. If you have ever had an idea that you thought was too small to matter, think again. 1．What surprised the writer in Paragraph 1? A．The number of inventions on show. B．The reason why students joined the show. C．The students’ works. D．The city’s Youth Invention Competition. 2．What do the two inventions have in common? A．They both came from small problems in daily life. B．They both cost the inventors a lot of money. C．They were both copied from things in a shop. D．They were both made by students from one school. 3．Why did the two boys invent the watering machine for old people? A．Because the old people around them needed help with their plants. B．Because water in the city is becoming less and less. C．Because they wanted to win a big prize in the competition. D．Because the machine costs much less than a worker. 4．What does the writer want to tell us? A．Every student should join the competition. B．Inventions must help people save money. C．Small ideas are not so important as big ones. D．Great ideas come from curiosity and watching carefully. 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者参观了城市青少年发明大赛，介绍了两项学生发明，告诉我们好的想法不只来自书本，而是源于细心观察、敢于提问和大胆尝试。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Last month, I went to the show to see the students’ works, and I was surprised by what I saw there.”可知，作者被学生们的作品震撼到了。 2．推理判断题。第一个发明是解决椅子拖动噪音打扰别人的问题，第二个发明是帮助独居老人照料植物，两项发明都来源于日常生活里的小问题。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“Besides saving water, the machine helps old people look after their plants when they are ill or away from home.”可知，男孩们发明浇水机器是因为身边老人照料植物需要帮助。 4．主旨大意题。根据第五段“What both of them show is that great ideas do not come from clever books alone. They come from watching carefully, asking questions, and being brave enough to try.”可知，作者想告诉我们好想法来自好奇心和细心观察。 Passage 7 When I was young, my sister Emily and I loved plastic toy bricks. We played with them all the time. One day, we saw a notice on the school notice board: “We have received many wonderful works since the end of last year. Now, more creative toy brick lovers are welcome!” We were so excited that we decided to build the best model ever and send a photo of it to the school office. We started to work on it at once. We used so many types of bricks: big ones, small ones, round ones, square ones, red ones, blue ones — every shape and colour you can imagine. After a week, we finished it. It was amazing and we were so happy. We were about to take a photo of it when our dog rushed in and knocked the model to the floor. It fell into thousands of pieces. Seven days was wasted and our dream ended! I sat on the floor, crying loudly. My sister, with tears in her eyes, got mad at the dog. Everything seemed to be in a mess. Just then, my parents came back. After they learned what had happened, they comforted us. Dad collected the pieces on the floor and put them back into the box silently. Mum hugged us and said, “Don’t be sad. You can start over again if you still love playing with toy bricks. Let’s make it together!” A few days later, the new model was completed. It was larger and better. We took a photo of the model and sent it to the school office. To our surprise, we saw our photo on the school website a month later and we got a prize! How lucky we were! I will never forget that day, because I have realized that there is no end to a dream as long as we are not afraid of starting over again. 1．Where did the sisters find the notice? A．On the Internet. B．In a school newspaper. C．In a teenagers’ magazine. D．On a notice board. 2．How long did the sisters spend building their first model? A．A day. B．A week. C．A month. D．A year. 3．What happened to the first model at last? A．It was sent to the magazine. B．It was broken into pieces. C．It was taken away by the dog. D．It was given to another player. 4．What can we learn from the story? A．It is never too late to start over. B．It is easy to win a prize. C．Dogs always make trouble. D．Toy bricks waste a lot of time. 【答案】 1．D 2．B 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文讲述了姐妹俩用塑料玩具积木搭建模型参加学校比赛的故事。她们花费一周时间完成了一个精美的模型，却在拍照前被狗撞碎。在父母的鼓励和帮助下，她们重新开始，最终搭建出更大更好的模型并获奖。故事告诉我们，只要不怕从头再来，梦想就没有终点。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据原文第二段第一句“One day, we saw a notice on the school notice board”，可直接定位到公告的张贴位置是学校公告栏 2．细节理解题。根据原文第三段的“After a week, we finished it”以及第四段的“Seven days was wasted”，可知首个模型的制作时长为一周。 3．细节理解题。根据原文第四段“our dog rushed in and knocked the model to the floor. It fell into thousands of pieces”，可知第一个模型最终被摔成了碎片，其余选项均不符合原文情节。 4．主旨大意题。根据原文最后一段作者的感悟“there is no end to a dream as long as we are not afraid of starting over again”，可知故事传递的核心道理是重新开始永远都不晚，其余选项均是对原文内容的片面解读，不符合主旨。 Passage 8 Do you think studying is a little boring? But when you watch someone else study, do you want to join them? You’re not the only one. “Study with Me” is a new way you can try. The reason is simple: watching others study makes us want to do the same.​ “Study with Me” is a kind of live broadcast (现场直播) on the Internet. Usually, it shows a person studying. Sometimes it’s quiet, and sometimes there is soft music. It makes viewers feel like they have a study partner. It also lets people focus together, share the same experience, and feel part of a group. Studying together can make learning more fun. That’s why these study broadcasts are getting more popular. More and more students around the world are interested in them.​ So why does watching someone else study make us want to study too? Scientists say it’s a natural habit for humans. We often copy the things people around us do. This is called mimicry (模仿). When we watch someone study, we may copy how they take notes, use the same study tools, or even take breaks at the same time. Also, we all need support from others. The people on the screen are like our “secret study partners”. When we see them working hard, we feel like we’re on a team. This encourages us not to give up when tasks are hard.​ “Study with Me” can help you, but there are some things to remember. First, before you join an online study group, set clear study goals. This helps you focus on your own work. Second, don’t depend on it too much. Sometimes you need to learn by yourself. Finally, try to study with people you can trust. They should have a good, organized study plan.​ With the development of AI, ways of learning are always changing. They bring us new and exciting learning experiences. “Study with Me” is a great example. It helps people work closely together and encourages students to enjoy their learning journey—with focus, fun, and friendship. 1．What is a “Study with Me” broadcast?​​ A．A TV show about school life. B．An online video of a person studying. C．A radio program with soft music. D．A book that teaches how to study. 2．What might happen when you watch a “Study with Me” broadcast?​​ A．You will learn the best way to take notes. B．You might feel like you are part of a group. C．You will never need to study by yourself again. D．The person on the screen will become your real friend. 3．It can be inferred (推测) from Paragraph 3 that “secret study partners” ______. A．are close friends who often meet each other in the real world B．push viewers to keep going when they meet difficulties C．take notes and use the same tools as their viewers do D．ask viewers to talk with them about learning 4．What does the writer think of the future of learning at the end of the passage?​​ A．It is difficult and challenging. B．It focuses only on AI teachers. C．It is creative and keeps developing. D．It is less fun and more serious. 【答案】 1．B 2．B 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了“Study with Me”这种网络直播学习方式的定义与特点，分析了其通过模仿习惯和群体感激励人们学习的原理，给出了使用建议，并展望了未来学习方式在科技发展下的不断创新。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据文章第2段“‘Study with Me’ is a kind of live broadcast (现场直播) on the Internet. Usually, it shows a person studying.”可知，是一个人学习的线上视频。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第2段“It also lets people focus together, share the same experience, and feel part of a group.”可知，观看这种直播会让观众感觉自己是群体的一部分。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第3段“This encourages us not to give up when tasks are hard.”可知，屏幕上的“秘密学习伙伴”能鼓励观众在任务艰难时不放弃，即推动观众在遇到困难时坚持下去。 4．观点态度题。根据文章第5段“ways of learning are always changing. They bring us new and exciting learning experiences.”可知，作者认为学习方式正在不断变化并带来新体验，即富有创意且不断发展。 18 / 18乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $考前特训 专题02 阅读理解 期中考满分冲刺（南通专用） 姓名：___________班级：___________座号：___________ 内容提要 题型分析 解题指导 集中突破 一、题型定位 “阅读理解”是初中英语期中、期末及中考的必考大题，也是南通卷中题量最稳定的一块。它要求学生在 140—350 词的语篇中获取细节、猜测词义、推断隐含信息、概括主旨与判断标题，考的是“在语篇中定位并加工信息”的能力，而不是逐词翻译。 南通期中卷的阅读选材贴近学生生活：校园活动、成长故事、学习方法、科普说明、手工制作等都可能出现，四道小题往往按“细节—细节—推断/词义—主旨/标题”的顺序递进，最后一题常常需要通读全文才能定夺。 二、命题形式与题量 本次特训共 8 篇短文、32 题，每篇设 4 道小题，四选一；语篇词数在 146—346 词之间，按由短到长的顺序梯度排列，最短的是说明文（DIY 的三个好处），最长的是科普说明（Study with Me 直播学习）。 设问方式包括细节理解、推理判断、词义猜测、主旨大意、最佳标题、正误判断与观点态度；其中细节题仍占多数，但“根据原文推断”“划线词在句中是什么意思”这类需要多走一步的题，正是拉开分差的地方。 三、核心考点分布（基于本次特训 32 题梳理） 逐题梳理本次特训的 32 道题，考点分布如下（合计 32 题）： （1）细节理解题（18 题，约占 56%）：直接考查文中明确陈述的事实——位置、时长、数量、原因、做法，如 Passage 3 题 1 问 Lily 起初担心的原因、Passage 5 题 2 问需要几根木棍。 （2）推理判断题（4 题，约占 13%）：在事实基础上推一步，如 Passage 1 题 3 由“his eyes shone with joy”推人物心情、Passage 8 题 3 由“secret study partners”推其作用。 （3）主旨大意题（4 题，约占 13%）：概括全文或末段的核心，如 Passage 7 题 4 由“there is no end to a dream”提炼“重新开始永远不晚”、Passage 2 题 4 归纳末段主题句“Safety always comes first”。 （4）词义猜测题（2 题）：根据上下文或构词线索推断划线词含义，如 Passage 2 题 2 的 stress（压力）、Passage 4 题 3 的 practical（实用的）。 （5）最佳标题题（2 题）：要求概括全文的“话题 + 落点”，如 Passage 1 题 4 的 Friendship Week at Our School、Passage 4 题 4 的 How to Be a Curious Learner。 （6）正误判断题（1 题）：四个选项逐一回原文核对，如 Passage 2 题 3 判断哪一项与原文相符。 （7）观点态度题（1 题）：判断作者对某一事物的看法，如 Passage 8 题 4 问作者如何看待未来学习方式。 四、难度与趋势 整体难度中等：细节题占五成半，是保分的底盘；但干扰项不再“一眼假”，常用“原文有这个词、但搭配的对象换了”“把某一处的做法说成全文主张”等方式设套，需要考生把选项逐句带回原文比对。 趋势上有三点值得注意：一是说明文比例上升（三种学习方法、DIY 的好处、纸扇制作、直播学习），这类文章重“顺序与要点”，靠找主题句和序列词就能快速理清；二是推断题的落点更细，常锁定一个动作或一句话的含义；三是标题题与主旨题都要求“覆盖全文”，只概括某一段的选项一律排除。 一、四步解题法 第一步：先读题干，圈出关键词。人名、时间、数字、划线词、疑问词（why / how long / how many）都要圈出来，先明确“要找什么”，再回原文。 第二步：定位原文，划出信息句。按关键词回到对应段落，找到原句或同义句并划线；说明文的步骤题注意 First / Second / Finally 这类序列词。 第三步：比对选项，排除干扰。把四个选项逐一与信息句对照，排除“张冠李戴”“偷换范围”“无中生有”的选项，留下与原文最贴合的一项。 第四步：复查定论。把答案代回题干读一遍，确认问的是“原因”还是“结果”、是“全文”还是“某段”，避免答非所问。 二、结合本次特训题目的实战点拨 【点拨1】细节理解（原因定位）——以Passage 3 题 1 为例：题干问 Lily 起初为什么担心，原文 “She was not good at English at first. She felt worried about her English” 两句连读，原因就是“英语不好”，故选 A。提示：问 why 的题，答案往往就在含 worried / afraid / happy 这类情绪词的前一句或后一句。 【点拨2】细节理解（数字与时长）——以Passage 3 题 3 为例：题干问花了多长时间，原文 “After three months, Lily’s English improved a lot.” 直接给出三个月，故选 C。提示：时间、数量类细节先扫数字，再确认数字后面的名词与题干是否一致，别把“三首古诗”“三个原因”误当成答案。 【点拨3】推理判断（由句意推心情）——以Passage 1 题 3 为例：题干问 “his eyes shone with joy” 说明 Daniel 当时怎样，原文 “When Daniel read it, his eyes shone with joy.” 中 joy 意为“喜悦”，眼睛闪着喜悦自然是开心，故选 D。提示：推断题不要凭空想象，抓住句中那个“情绪词”或“动作词”再推一步即可。 【点拨4】词义猜测（上下文 + 并列线索）——以Passage 2 题 2 为例：原文 “you will forget your worries and stress from study” 中 stress 与 worries 并列，且都来自学习，可推知是“压力”，故选 A。提示：划线词看它与前后词是并列、解释还是转折关系；并列结构里，两个词的感情色彩通常一致。 【点拨5】主旨大意（抓末段感悟句）——以Passage 7 题 4 为例：原文结尾 “there is no end to a dream as long as we are not afraid of starting over again” 是全文的感悟句，讲的是“不怕重来，梦想就没有终点”，故选 A（重新开始永远不晚）。提示：记叙文的主旨常在最后一段的议论句里；其余选项多是对情节的片面概括（如“狗总惹麻烦”），一律排除。 【点拨6】最佳标题（话题 + 落点）——以Passage 4 题 4 为例：原文开头 “Here are three easy ways to start with.” 之后依次列出提问、联系生活、校外学习三条方法，全文讲的是“怎样做一个有好奇心的学习者”，故选 B。提示：标题要同时罩住“话题”和“写作目的”，只覆盖某一段的选项（如 The Best Way to Visit a Museum）不能用。 【点拨7】细节理解（时间数字直取）——以Passage 5 题 3 为例：题干问做纸扇要多久，原文 “You can make it in just 15 minutes.” 直接给出 15 分钟，故选 B。提示：说明文的“步骤 + 数字”是高频细节点，First / Second / Finally 之后的动词短语要顺手划下来。 【点拨8】正误判断（逐项回文核对）——以Passage 2 题 3 为例：题干要求选出与原文相符的一项，原文 “DIY can improve your confidence” 与 C 项一致；A 项“只适合年轻人”文中未提，B 项与“make it more active”相反，D 项与“read the instructions first”相悖，故选 C。提示：正误题不要凭印象，四项都要回原文各找一句依据，排除法最稳。 【点拨9】观点态度（末段定调）——以Passage 8 题 4 为例：原文末段 “ways of learning are always changing. They bring us new and exciting learning experiences.” 表明作者认为学习方式在不断变化、不断带来新体验，故选 C（富有创意且不断发展）。提示：观点题看作者用词的褒贬与情态动词（can / will），不要把自己的看法当成作者的态度。 三、易错提醒 • 选项出现绝对化词语（only / never / all / must）时要警惕，原文往往留有余地。 • 细节题最怕“张冠李戴”：原文说 A 做了某事，选项却安到 B 身上，回文时务必核对主语。 • 推断题只推一步，不要把“可能”说成“一定”，也不要加入原文没有的生活常识。 • 主旨题与标题题的区别：主旨题问“讲了什么”，标题题还要“起得像标题”——简洁、含话题、能覆盖全文。 • 说明文的步骤题按 First / Second / Finally 的顺序在原文标号，答题时直接对号，不必重读全篇。 Passage 1 Last month, our school had a Friendship Week. Students did many interesting things about friends and friendship during the week. The students of Class 1, Grade 8 made a “Friendship Wall” in their classroom. Everyone wrote kind notes and put them on the wall. Millie wrote, “Thank you for always smiling at me. Your smile makes my day.” Daniel got a note from his best friend Peter. It said, “You are helpful and honest. I am lucky to have a friend like you.” When Daniel read it, his eyes shone with joy. On Friday, the school had a “Best Friend Day”. Students brought photos of their best friends and told stories about them. Mr Wu said, “Good friends are important in our lives. They support us when we are unhappy and help us become better people.” The week was short, but the friendship it brought will last long. 1．What did the students of Class 1, Grade 8 do during Friendship Week? A．They had a football match. B．They made a “Friendship Wall”. C．They watched a film about friends. D．They visited an old people’s home. 2．What did the note to Daniel say? A．Millie thanked him for his smile. B．Millie was lucky to have a friend like him. C．Peter was lucky to have a friend like him. D．Peter asked him for help. 3．The sentence “his eyes shone with joy” shows that Daniel was ________. A．tired B．afraid C．angry D．happy 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．Friendship Week at Our School B．How to Write Notes C．Daniel’s Best Friend D．Best Friend Day Passage 2 Doing DIY is not just fun. It is also good for your brain. Here are some reasons. First, DIY makes you use your hands and brain at the same time. When you make or repair things, you need to think carefully and move your hands properly. This can exercise your brain and make it more active. Second, DIY can help you relax. When you are busy with a DIY job, you will forget your worries and stress from study. It is a good way to take a break from busy school life. Third, DIY can improve your confidence. When you finish a DIY job by yourself, you will feel proud of yourself. This can make you believe you can do more things well. However, you should be careful when you do DIY. You’d better read the instructions first and use tools correctly. Safety always comes first. 1．How many reasons are mentioned to show DIY is good for brain? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 2．The underlined word “stress” in Paragraph 3 means “________” in Chinese. A．压力 B．快乐 C．收获 D．信心 3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．DIY is only fun for young people. B．DIY can make your brain less active. C．DIY can help people become more confident. D．You don’t need instructions for DIY jobs. 4．What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A．DIY is easy for everyone. B．Safety is important in DIY. C．We should do more DIY at home. D．Tools are necessary for DIY. Passage 3 Lily was a secondary school student. She was not good at English at first. She felt worried about her English and didn’t know what to do. One day, her teacher gave her some advice. First, she should read English aloud every morning. Second, she should write down useful sentences and carry a notebook with her. Third, she should listen to English songs and watch English online shows. Fourth, she should try to focus on the main idea of a talk or speech. Lily followed this plan. She read English aloud every morning and wrote down useful sentences. She also watched many online shows with people talking in English. At first, she could not understand much. But she didn’t give up. She repeated herself many times and practiced as often as possible. After three months, Lily’s English improved a lot. She could express herself clearly and make daily communication in English easier. She felt very happy and confident. From this experience, Lily learned that practice makes perfect. She also learned that if you keep learning and trying to improve, you will reach your goal. 1．Why did Lily feel worried at first? A．Because she was not good at English. B．Because she had no friends. C．Because she lost her notebook. D．Because she missed her plane. 2．What did Lily do to improve her English? A．She read English aloud every morning. B．She watched Chinese movies. C．She stopped doing her homework. D．She gave up learning English. 3．How long did it take Lily to improve her English? A．One month. B．Two months. C．Three months. D．Four months. 4．What did Lily learn from the experience? A．Practice makes perfect. B．English is not important. C．We should not watch online shows. D．We should give up when it is hard. Passage 4 Learning can be exciting when you follow your curiosity! Scientists say curious students enjoy studying more, and they can find ways to make school subjects more enjoyable. Here are three easy ways to start with. Ask questions. Always ask “why” when you learn something new. If you study physics, wonder why light travels faster than sound. When learning Chinese, ask why Tang poems remain so popular in modern China. Questions make learning more active and help you understand better. Franklin, the famous American inventor, was exactly this kind of learner. Connect lessons to real life. Find out how school subjects are part of your life. Maths helps when you are shopping. English is useful when you travel abroad. Geography can explain weather changes and the environment around us. When you find knowledge is practical, you will want to learn more. Learn outside school. Join a community centre to learn a new sport. Visit museums to see what life was like in the past. Going to a park or a zoo allows you to watch plants and animals carefully while learning about them. Different ways of learning keep your brain excited. Start with one way today. You will find learning useful, and you will also find it enjoyable. Remember, every subject becomes interesting when you are curious about it. 1．What do curious students do according to scientists? A．They ask fewer questions. B．They enjoy studying more. C．They get better grades in tests. D．They spend less time on homework. 2．Why does the writer mention Franklin in Paragraph 2? A．To prove that physics is difficult to learn. B．To show that Tang poems are still popular today. C．To explain that asking questions helps people learn better. D．To tell us that American inventors are cleverer than others. 3．What does the underlined word “practical” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Useful in real life. B．Difficult to learn. C．Easy to forget. D．New to students. 4．What is the best title for this passage? A．The Best Way to Visit a Museum B．How to Be a Curious Learner C．Why English Is Useful when You Travel D．How to Make More Friends Passage 5 When summer comes, the weather gets hot. A good fan can help you keep cool. Do you want to make a paper fan by yourself? It is easy, cheap and fun. You can make it in just 15 minutes. Let me tell you how to do it. Things you need to prepare: Two pieces of beautiful paper, a bottle of glue, two small wooden sticks, a pair of scissors, and some colored pencils. You can choose any paper you like, but strong paper is better. It can make your fan last longer. Steps to make the paper fan: First, draw pictures on the two pieces of paper. You can draw cute animals, beautiful flowers or anything you like. This is your favorite part because you can be creative. Second, fold the two pieces of paper carefully. You need to fold them again and again, just like the fans you see in shops. Third, glue the two pieces of folded paper together. Make sure they stick well. Fourth, paint the two wooden sticks with your favorite color. You can also draw small pictures on the sticks. Finally, glue the sticks onto the bottom of the folded paper. Hold for a minute until the glue dries. Now your paper fan is finished! You can take it with you when you go out in summer. The gentle wind from the fan will make you feel cool. Making things by yourself is really fun. 1．What is the first step to make a paper fan? A．Fold the paper. B．Draw pictures. C．Glue the paper. D．Paint the sticks. 2．How many wooden sticks do you need to make a paper fan? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 3．How long does it take to make a paper fan? A．About 10 minutes. B．About 15 minutes. C．About half an hour. D．About an hour. 4．What is the main idea of the passage? A．How to keep cool in summer. B．Different kinds of fans. C．How to make a paper fan. D．A fun summer vacation. Passage 6 Every year, our city holds a Youth Invention Competition. Last month, I went to the show to see the students’ works, and I was surprised by what I saw there. More than 120 inventions were on show, and none of them was copied from a shop. Let me tell you about two of them. The first one was a “quiet desk” made by a Grade 8 girl. In study rooms, the sound of moving chairs travels a long way, and it makes others unhappy. So the girl put soft rubber under the feet of every chair. The sound became much weaker. She said she got the idea when she noticed that her classmates always moved their chairs slowly so as not to trouble others. It took her only two weeks to finish it. The second one was even more interesting. Two boys from a junior high school invented a watering machine for old people who live alone. The machine can tell whether the soil is wet or dry, and it only waters the plants when it is really needed. Besides saving water, the machine helps old people look after their plants when they are ill or away from home. Neither of these things has ever appeared in a newspaper before, and neither of them is difficult to understand. What both of them show is that great ideas do not come from clever books alone. They come from watching carefully, asking questions, and being brave enough to try. Our city will hold the next competition in March. If you have ever had an idea that you thought was too small to matter, think again. 1．What surprised the writer in Paragraph 1? A．The number of inventions on show. B．The reason why students joined the show. C．The students’ works. D．The city’s Youth Invention Competition. 2．What do the two inventions have in common? A．They both came from small problems in daily life. B．They both cost the inventors a lot of money. C．They were both copied from things in a shop. D．They were both made by students from one school. 3．Why did the two boys invent the watering machine for old people? A．Because the old people around them needed help with their plants. B．Because water in the city is becoming less and less. C．Because they wanted to win a big prize in the competition. D．Because the machine costs much less than a worker. 4．What does the writer want to tell us? A．Every student should join the competition. B．Inventions must help people save money. C．Small ideas are not so important as big ones. D．Great ideas come from curiosity and watching carefully. Passage 7 When I was young, my sister Emily and I loved plastic toy bricks. We played with them all the time. One day, we saw a notice on the school notice board: “We have received many wonderful works since the end of last year. Now, more creative toy brick lovers are welcome!” We were so excited that we decided to build the best model ever and send a photo of it to the school office. We started to work on it at once. We used so many types of bricks: big ones, small ones, round ones, square ones, red ones, blue ones — every shape and colour you can imagine. After a week, we finished it. It was amazing and we were so happy. We were about to take a photo of it when our dog rushed in and knocked the model to the floor. It fell into thousands of pieces. Seven days was wasted and our dream ended! I sat on the floor, crying loudly. My sister, with tears in her eyes, got mad at the dog. Everything seemed to be in a mess. Just then, my parents came back. After they learned what had happened, they comforted us. Dad collected the pieces on the floor and put them back into the box silently. Mum hugged us and said, “Don’t be sad. You can start over again if you still love playing with toy bricks. Let’s make it together!” A few days later, the new model was completed. It was larger and better. We took a photo of the model and sent it to the school office. To our surprise, we saw our photo on the school website a month later and we got a prize! How lucky we were! I will never forget that day, because I have realized that there is no end to a dream as long as we are not afraid of starting over again. 1．Where did the sisters find the notice? A．On the Internet. B．In a school newspaper. C．In a teenagers’ magazine. D．On a notice board. 2．How long did the sisters spend building their first model? A．A day. B．A week. C．A month. D．A year. 3．What happened to the first model at last? A．It was sent to the magazine. B．It was broken into pieces. C．It was taken away by the dog. D．It was given to another player. 4．What can we learn from the story? A．It is never too late to start over. B．It is easy to win a prize. C．Dogs always make trouble. D．Toy bricks waste a lot of time. Passage 8 Do you think studying is a little boring? But when you watch someone else study, do you want to join them? You’re not the only one. “Study with Me” is a new way you can try. The reason is simple: watching others study makes us want to do the same.​ “Study with Me” is a kind of live broadcast (现场直播) on the Internet. Usually, it shows a person studying. Sometimes it’s quiet, and sometimes there is soft music. It makes viewers feel like they have a study partner. It also lets people focus together, share the same experience, and feel part of a group. Studying together can make learning more fun. That’s why these study broadcasts are getting more popular. More and more students around the world are interested in them.​ So why does watching someone else study make us want to study too? Scientists say it’s a natural habit for humans. We often copy the things people around us do. This is called mimicry (模仿). When we watch someone study, we may copy how they take notes, use the same study tools, or even take breaks at the same time. Also, we all need support from others. The people on the screen are like our “secret study partners”. When we see them working hard, we feel like we’re on a team. This encourages us not to give up when tasks are hard.​ “Study with Me” can help you, but there are some things to remember. First, before you join an online study group, set clear study goals. This helps you focus on your own work. Second, don’t depend on it too much. Sometimes you need to learn by yourself. Finally, try to study with people you can trust. They should have a good, organized study plan.​ With the development of AI, ways of learning are always changing. They bring us new and exciting learning experiences. “Study with Me” is a great example. It helps people work closely together and encourages students to enjoy their learning journey—with focus, fun, and friendship. 1．What is a “Study with Me” broadcast?​​ A．A TV show about school life. B．An online video of a person studying. C．A radio program with soft music. D．A book that teaches how to study. 2．What might happen when you watch a “Study with Me” broadcast?​​ A．You will learn the best way to take notes. B．You might feel like you are part of a group. C．You will never need to study by yourself again. D．The person on the screen will become your real friend. 3．It can be inferred (推测) from Paragraph 3 that “secret study partners” ______. A．are close friends who often meet each other in the real world B．push viewers to keep going when they meet difficulties C．take notes and use the same tools as their viewers do D．ask viewers to talk with them about learning 4．What does the writer think of the future of learning at the end of the passage?​​ A．It is difficult and challenging. B．It focuses only on AI teachers. C．It is creative and keeps developing. D．It is less fun and more serious. 18 / 18乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $