Unit 5 Power of ldeas 单元素养试题 2026-2027学年初中英语人教版九年级上册

Unit 5 Power of ldeas 单元素养试题 2026-2027学年上学期初中英语人教版（新教材）九年级上册 一、单项选择 1．Paper-making ________ in China about two thousand years ago, and it later spread to other countries. A．invented B．is invented C．was invented D．invents 2．—Your new watch looks cool!   —Thank you. It ________ by my uncle as a birthday gift last week. A．was bought B．is bought C．buys D．bought 3．A knife ________ cutting things, so keep it away from little kids. A．is used for B．used to C．is used to D．is used by 4．This type of electric car ________ in Hefei, and it is now popular all over the country. A．made B．is made C．was made D．makes 5．Edison was a great American ________, and many of his ________ are still widely used today. A．invention; inventors B．inventor; inventors C．invention; inventions D．inventor; inventions 6．The robot helper is too ________ for most families, so few of them can ________ one. A．cheap; offer B．expensive; offer C．cheap; afford D．expensive; afford 7．________ the invention of the fridge, we can keep food fresh for a much longer time. A．Because B．As a result C．Thanks to D．Instead of 8．— The new science lab looks great!   — Yes. It ________ in our school last year. A．builds B．is built C．built D．was built 9．Not only the students but also the teacher ________ to show their small inventions at last week’s science show. A．were invited B．was invited C．are invited D．is invited 10．—I won first prize in the school invention competition!   —________ A．Good luck! B．Never mind. C．Well done! D．With pleasure. 二、完形填空 At the age of 16, Einstein failed in several exams because he often played with some bad kids. One weekend morning, Einstein prepared to go fishing with those 11 . His father stopped him and said to him calmly, “Einstein, you were spending too much time playing, so you failed in the exams. I’m 12 about your future with your mother.” “What are you worrying about? Jack and Robert also 13 , but they went fishing as usual.” “My boy, you can’t think so,” looking at Einstein, his father said lovingly. “There is a 14 in our hometown. I hope you can listen to it carefully.” “There were two cats playing on the roof. 15 , they fell into the chimney (烟囱). When they climbed out of the chimney, one cat’s face was dirty 16 the other’s face was clean. Seeing the dirty-faced cat, the clean-faced one thought its own face was also dirty, so it quickly ran to the riverside and washed its face. The dirty-faced cat saw the clean-faced one, thinking its own face was clean as well, so it walked 17 in the street.” “Einstein, nobody can be your mirror. Only you are your own mirror. Some of the kids are not strict with themselves. If you take them to be your mirror, even a 18 person may become stupid.” Hearing this, Einstein’s face turned red. He put down his fishing net and returned to his small room. After that, Einstein often took himself as a mirror to be 19 with himself. That was why Einstein succeeded in his career. You must see yourself clearly, and know what you want to get. Your future doesn’t 20 how others act, but on how you are going to act. 11．A．adults B．kids C．fishermen 12．A．excited B．curious C．worried 13．A．passed B．failed C．checked 14．A．story B．song C．speech 15．A．Luckily B．Naturally C．Suddenly 16．A．while B．or C．so 17．A．angrily B．happily C．sadly 18．A．clever B．lazy C．rich 19．A．busy B．careful C．strict 20．A．decide on B．depend on C．keep on 三、阅读理解 As one of China’s most famous inventions, papermaking is a great treasure of ancient civilization, which greatly changed human life. Before its creation, people depended on heavy bamboo slips, expensive silk, or hard animal bones to record information. These materials were either hard to carry or too costly, making it difficult for people to share knowledge widely. The earliest paper dates back to the Western Han Dynasty. It was made from simple plant materials like hemp and rags (麻类和破布), but the quality was not good enough for daily use. This invention slowly developed, and people kept trying to find better ways to make paper. During the Eastern Han Dynasty, Cai Lun made a major improvement in papermaking. He used common and easy-to-get materials such as bark, straw, and old fishing nets. This change made paper cheaper and more practical. Soon, paper became popular among people, greatly pushing the development of education and culture. Papermaking later spread to other countries through trade and cultural exchange. It first reached Asian countries, then spread to Europe, and finally to all parts of the world. Even today, paper remains an important part of our daily life, from books to documents. This ancient Chinese invention still shows its lasting value in connecting people and spreading knowledge. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 21．How does the writer start the passage? A．By telling a story. B．By making a comparison. C．By giving an opinion. D．By offering a suggestion. 22．The passage is mainly written in the order of ________. A．ideas B．time C．places D．persons 23．What was the problem with the earliest paper in the Western Han Dynasty? A．It was too heavy to carry. B．It was made from expensive materials. C．It could not record information clearly. D．Its quality was not suitable for daily use. 24．Why did Cai Lun’s improvement make paper popular? A．He used rare and valuable materials. B．It made paper more expensive but better. C．It made paper cheaper and more practical. D．He was a famous inventor in the Eastern Han Dynasty. 25．Which of the following is true about the last paragraph? A．Papermaking spread to Europe first. B．Papermaking only spread within Asia. C．Paper is no longer used in modern life. D．Trade helped papermaking spread globally. In recent years, China has introduced unusual inventions that are changing daily life and catching global attention. These inventions, often called the “New Four Great Inventions,” include high-speed rail, mobile payment, shared bikes, and online shopping. Unlike the ancient four great inventions—papermaking, printing, the compass, and gunpowder—these modern wonders connect closely to digital (数字的) technology and convenience. High-speed rail networks have completely changed travel within China. These trains glide (滑行) smoothly at speeds over 300 kilometers per hour, making long journeys between cities surprisingly fast and comfortable. They have become a symbol of China’s engineering progress and a preferred way of transport for millions of passengers each day. Mobile payment platforms allow people to pay for almost anything using just their smartphones. By scanning (扫描) a simple QR code in shops, restaurants, or even street vendors (小贩) , transactions (交易) are completed in seconds. This technology has made carrying cash almost unnecessary, offering great convenience and reducing the risk of loss. Shared bikes, easily unlocked with a mobile app, provide a simple solution for short trips. They help reduce traffic jams and are an environmentally friendly choice. Similarly, online shopping has changed how people buy goods, offering endless choices sent directly to one’s doorstep, often within days or even hours. These new inventions show that China is changing. It used to make traditional things, but now it is leading in making high-tech solutions. These solutions can solve real problems in our lives. They show how technology can make life simple, save time, and connect people to services more efficiently. 26．What is the main purpose (目的) of the article? A．To explain the history of China’s ancient inventions. B．To compare high-speed trains with shared bikes. C．To argue that mobile payment is the most important invention. D．To describe how China’s latest inventions are influencing modern life. 27．Why does the writer mention ancient inventions in the first paragraph? A．To give a history lesson. B．To explain how the compass was used. C．To show that modern inventions are less important. D．To show that the new inventions are different but equally important. 28．According to the passage, what is a major advantage (优点) of mobile payment? A．It requires carrying a lot of cash. B．It makes transactions fast and convenient. C．It can only be used in large shopping malls. D．It is slower than traditional payment methods. 29．Which invention is specifically mentioned as helping to reduce traffic and be eco-friendly? A．High-speed rail. B．Online shopping. C．Shared bikes. D．Mobile payment. 30．What can be inferred (推断) about these new inventions from the passage? A．They are only popular in China. B．They depend heavily on digital technology and practical applications. C．They are not useful for everyday life. D．They are more important than the ancient inventions. Have you ever used your fingerprint to open a door? Have you ever taken a self-driving taxi on the road? Technologies have brought great changes to our lives. Actually, changes can also be found in your school. “Now, we don’t have to rush to the canteen as soon as the bell rings,” says Hu Liang, a student from Jiangxi. His school introduced a smart canteen system this year. Students choose meals online first. When it’s time for their orders, they pick up meals by using facial recognition (人脸识别) technology. The smart canteen offers students enjoyable experiences. At the same time, it helps the school plan meals and reduce kitchen waste. Besides providing delicious food, the smart school also tries to help students develop good living habits. Recently, a middle school in Chongqing has used four cameras on the playground to follow students and record how fast they run. They can clearly see the top ten students on the screen. That adds fun to running and makes students compete in an interesting way. What other exciting technologies could be part of our lives in the future? Let’s look forward to even more changes! 31．How does the writer start the passage? A．By asking questions. B．By telling stories. C．By comparing the facts. D．By giving examples. 32．What does the underlined word “canteen” probably mean in Paragraph 2? A．Playground. B．Dining hall. C．Library. D．School hall. 33．What does the smart canteen system help the school do? A．Only provide delicious food. B．Plan meals and reduce kitchen waste. C．Make students rush to the canteen. D．Teach students how to cook. 34．What does the middle school in Chongqing do to make running more fun for students? A．Take photos of students. B．Play music. C．Use four cameras to follow students and record their running speed. D．Let teachers run with them. 35．What is the main idea of the passage? A．How students use technology in their free time. B．Technologies have brought great changes to schools. C．The history of technology development. D．How to make a smart school. 四、任务型阅读 In Kibaha, near Dar es Salaam, architects (建筑师) built a new village called Hope Village with “earth printing”. The project was finished in February, 2025. Helped by the charity One Heart, Hope Village is designed by Hassell and Clarke Hopkins Clarke (CHC) to help children from across the country who have unsafe home environments. The village has offered schooling for up to 480 children, as well as childcare and skills training for girls between 3 and 18 years old. In the center of Hope Village is its landmark building—a community center. It is a 3D-printed design, and it is used as a school hall and dining hall during the week and open to the public for events at weekends. The walls are 3D printed with earth so they can be 100% recycled. “We wanted to make sure that we’re able to build walls that could circulate (循环) air in the building, but also bring in light at the same time, and turning to 3D printing allowed for an open, ‘porous (多孔的)’ wall design.” said Mark, the lead designer from CHC． The project is not just to use design to help local people improve their daily life but to bring hope and education there. 根据短文内容回答问题，每小题答案不超过6个单词。 36．When was Hope Village finished? 37．Who helped the building of Hope Village? 38．What is the community center used as during the week? 39．Why did the designers choose 3D printing with earth? 40．What do you think of “Hope Village”? 五、补全对话 A: Hi, come and see my guide robot. B: Oh, it looks so cool. 41 ? A: It can show the visitors around our school and introduce the school to them. B: 42 ? A: It works through voice. For example, when you say “Where’s the library?” to it, it will guide you there. B: Wow, it’s so smart. How long have you worked on it? A: 43 . B: I see. You must have put a lot of effort into it. A: Yes. And I’m going to take part in the science festival with it. B: The science festival? 44 ? A: It will start at 8 o’clock tomorrow morning. 45 ? B: Of course. I will be there early tomorrow. A: OK. See you then. 六、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Qinghai-Xizang Railway 46 (complete) in 2006. It connects Xining to Lhasa, a distance of 1,956 kilometres, and it is the highest railway in the world. Building the railway was a great challenge. Creative ideas 47 (need) to solve different problems. In summer, the top layer of the frozen ground became too soft to build on, so pipes 48 (use) to keep the ground hard. In some places, 49 was impossible to build the railway over the frozen ground, so tunnels had to be created instead. In other places, bridges 50 (build) to keep the railway above the ground, 51 allow animals to pass under the tracks. Today, the railway 52 (regard) as one of China’s greatest engineering projects. It has increased tourism and economic development in the area. Every year, thousands of tourists 53 (attract) by the beautiful scenery along the line. “When I first saw the railway on the map,” one traveller said, “I wondered 54 it was possible to build a railway in such a place. Now I know the answer: great things can 55 (achieve) when people work together and never give up.” 七、书面表达 56．学校英文报 Science Corner 栏目正在以“A Great Invention”为题征稿。请你用英语写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1. 你选择的一项发明及其发明者或发明时间； 2. 这项发明给人们生活带来的变化； 3. 你对这项发明的评价。 注意： 1. 词数80—100，开头已给出，不计入总词数； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 文中不得出现真实的人名和校名。 A Great Invention Many inventions have changed our lives, and the one I want to write about is ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 参考答案 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 答案 C A A B D D C D B C 题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 答案 B C B A C A B A C B 题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 答案 B B D C D D D B C B 题号 31 32 33 34 35 答案 A B B C B 1．C 句意：造纸术大约在两千年前在中国被发明，后来传播到了其他国家。 时间状语“about two thousand years ago”表明句子时态为一般过去时；主语“Paper-making”与动词invent之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，结构为“was/were+过去分词”，主语为单数，用was invented。 2．A 句意：——你的新手表看起来很酷！——谢谢你。它是上周我叔叔作为生日礼物买的。 主语It指代手表，手表和buy是被动关系，要用被动语态。时间状语last week表示过去的时间，要用一般过去时，应填was bought。 3．A 句意：刀是用来切割东西的，所以让它远离小孩。 is used for被用来（后接动名词，表示用途）；used to过去常常（后接动词原形）；is used to被用来（后接动词原形，表示用途）或习惯于（后接动名词）；is used by被……使用（后接人）。根据“cutting things”可知，此处表示刀的用途，应用“be used for doing sth.”结构，故填is used for。 4．B 句意：这种电动汽车是合肥制造的，现在在全国都很流行。 句子主语“This type of electric car”和动词“make”是被动关系，也就是车是“被制造”的，因此要使用被动语态，句子介绍的是这类车的产地属性，属于客观事实，要用一般现在时的被动语态is made。 5．D 句意：爱迪生是一位伟大的美国发明家，他的许多发明至今仍被广泛使用。 inventor意为“发明家”，指人；invention意为“发明”，指物。根据“Edison was a great American...”可知第一空指人，且冠词a提示用单数inventor；根据“many of his...”可知第二空指物，且many提示用复数inventions。 6．D 句意：这个机器人助手对大多数家庭来说太昂贵了，所以他们中很少有人能买得起一个。 cheap便宜的；expensive昂贵的；offer提供；afford买得起。根据“so few of them can... one”可知，大多数家庭无法拥有，说明价格太高，第一空应用expensive；第二空表示有足够的钱购买，应用afford。 7．C 句意：多亏了冰箱的发明，我们可以把食物保鲜更长的时间。 Because因为，后接句子；As a result因此，表示结果；Thanks to多亏了，后接名词或名词短语；Instead of代替。空格后是名词短语the invention of the fridge，表示原因，应填Thanks to。 8．D 句意：——新的科学实验室看起来棒极了！——是的。它去年在我们学校建成了。 主语It指代上文的science lab，与动词build之间是被动关系，需用被动语态；再根据时间状语last year可知，时态为一般过去时。一般过去时的被动语态结构为“was/were done”，主语It为单数，be 动词用was。用was built。 9．B 句意：不仅学生们，而且老师也被邀请在上周的科技展上展示他们的小发明。 not only... but also... 连接并列主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则，与最近的主语the teacher保持一致，应用单数形式，排除A、C项；根据“at last week’s science show”可知时态为一般过去时，排除D项。故选B。 10．C 句意：——我在学校发明比赛中获得了一等奖！——干得好！ Good luck!祝你好运！；Never mind.没关系；Well done!干得好！；With pleasure.非常乐意。根据前句“I won first prize in the school invention competition!”可知，对方取得了好成绩，应表示祝贺和赞扬，应用Well done!。 11．B 12．C 13．B 14．A 15．C 16．A 17．B 18．A 19．C 20．B 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了爱因斯坦16岁时因常与坏孩子玩耍而考试不及格，父亲通过一个故事告诉他不能以他人为镜，要以自己为镜严格要求自己，此后爱因斯坦常以自己为镜并取得成功的故事。 11．句意：一个周末的早晨，爱因斯坦准备和那些孩子们去钓鱼。 adults成年人；kids孩子；fishermen渔夫。根据上文“At the age of 16, Einstein failed in several exams because he often played with some bad kids.”可知，爱因斯坦经常和一些坏孩子玩，此处指准备和那些孩子去钓鱼。故选B。 12．句意：我和你妈妈很担心你的未来。 excited兴奋的；curious好奇的；worried担心的。根据上文“Einstein, you were spending too much time playing, so you failed in the exams.”可知，爱因斯坦花太多时间玩，考试不及格，因此父亲和母亲很担心他的未来。故选C。 13．句意：杰克和罗伯特也不及格，但他们还是照常去钓鱼了。 passed通过；failed不及格；checked检查。根据上文“Einstein failed in several exams”和“but they went fishing as usual”可知，此处指杰克和罗伯特考试也不及格，但还是去钓鱼了。故选B。 14．句意：我们家乡有一个故事。 story故事；song歌曲；speech演讲。根据下文“There were two cats playing on the roof...”可知，父亲给爱因斯坦讲了一个故事。故选A。 15．句意：突然，它们掉进了烟囱里。 Luckily幸运地；Naturally自然地；Suddenly突然地。根据上文“There were two cats playing on the roof.”和下文“they fell into the chimney (烟囱).”可知，两只猫在屋顶上玩耍，突然掉进了烟囱里。故选C。 16．句意：当它们从烟囱里爬出来时，一只猫的脸很脏，而另一只猫的脸很干净。 while然而，表示对比；or或者，表示选择；so因此，表示因果。根据“one cat’s face was dirty…the other’s face was clean.”可知，此处表示两只猫的对比，一只猫的脸很脏，然而另一只猫的脸很干净。故选A。 17．句意：那只脏脸的猫看到了那只干净脸的猫，以为自己的脸也很干净，于是它高兴地在街上走着。 angrily生气地；happily高兴地；sadly悲伤地。根据上文“The dirty-faced cat saw the clean-faced one, thinking its own face was clean as well”可知，脏脸的猫以为自己的脸也很干净，所以高兴地在街上走着。故选B。 18．句意：如果你把他们当作你的镜子，即使是一个聪明的人也可能变得愚蠢。 clever聪明的；lazy懒惰的；rich富有的。根据上文“Einstein, nobody can be your mirror. Only you are your own mirror.”和下文“may become stupid”可知，此处指如果以那些坏孩子为镜，即使是一个聪明的人也可能变得愚蠢。故选A。 19．句意：从那以后，爱因斯坦经常以自己为镜严格要求自己。 busy忙碌的；careful小心的；strict严格的。根据上文父亲给爱因斯坦讲的故事以及“Einstein often took himself as a mirror”可知，爱因斯坦经常以自己为镜严格要求自己，be strict with sb“对某人要求严格”。故选C。 20．句意：你的未来并不取决于别人怎么做，而是取决于你打算怎么做。 decide on决定；depend on取决于；keep on继续。根据上文“You must see yourself clearly, and know what you want to get.”和下文“but on how you are going to act.”可知，此处指你的未来并不取决于别人怎么做，而是取决于你打算怎么做。故选B。 21．B 22．B 23．D 24．C 25．D 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国四大发明之一——造纸术的发展历史及其对世界的深远影响。 21．文章开头先点明造纸术是中国古代的伟大发明，接着用“Before its creation, people depended on heavy bamboo slips, expensive silk, or hard animal bones…”与后来轻便、便宜的纸张形成对比，突出造纸术带来的巨大改变，因此是通过对比来引入主题的。 22．梳理全文线索，文中依次出现“Before its creation（纸发明前）”“Western Han Dynasty（西汉）”“Eastern Han Dynasty（东汉）”“later spread to other countries（之后传播到其他国家）”“Even today（如今）”等时间节点，是按照时间顺序展开叙述的。 23．由第二段“the quality was not good enough for daily use”可知，西汉早期纸张的质量不足以用于日常使用。 24．由第三段“This change made paper cheaper and more practical”可知，蔡伦的改进使纸张更便宜、更实用，从而普及。 25．由最后一段“Papermaking later spread to other countries through trade and cultural exchange”可知，贸易帮助造纸术传播到全球，选D。A项错误，由“It first reached Asian countries, then spread to Europe”可知，造纸术首先传到亚洲国家，然后才传到欧洲；B项错误，由“then spread to Europe, and finally to all parts of the world”可知，造纸术传播到了欧洲和世界各地，不仅限于亚洲；C项错误，由“Even today, paper remains an important part of our daily life”可知，纸张至今仍在日常生活中发挥着重要作用。 26．D 27．D 28．B 29．C 30．B 本文介绍了中国的“新四大发明”——高铁、移动支付、共享单车和网购，阐述了这些和数字技术紧密关联的现代发明给日常生活带来的便利与改变，展现了中国在高科技实用解决方案领域的引领性。 26．通读全文可知，文章核心是介绍中国最新的几项发明及其对现代日常生活的影响。 27．第一段将新四大发明和古代四大发明对比，指出现代发明和数字技术、便利性紧密相关，意在说明二者虽有不同，但都具备重要价值。 28．定位第三段关于移动支付的内容“By scanning (扫描) a simple QR code in shops, restaurants, or even street vendors (小贩) , transactions (交易) are completed in seconds.”，文中提到扫码数秒即可完成交易，无需携带现金，十分便捷。 29．定位第四段“Shared bikes, easily unlocked with a mobile app, provide a simple solution for short trips. They help reduce traffic jams and are an environmentally friendly choice.”，明确提到共享单车可通过手机应用解锁，是短途出行方案，有助于减少交通拥堵且属于环保选择。 30．结合第一段“these modern wonders connect closely to digital (数字的) technology and convenience”以及全文对各项发明依托数字技术解决生活实际问题的描述，可推知新发明高度依赖数字技术与实际应用。 31．A 32．B 33．B 34．C 35．B 本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了科技给学校生活带来的巨大变化，包括智能食堂系统和操场摄像追踪技术的应用，最后强调了我们应该期待未来更多的科技变革。 31．第一段提到“Have you ever used your fingerprint to open a door? Have you ever taken a self-driving taxi on the road?”，这直接说明了作者通过提问的方式开启文章。 32．第二段提到“Students choose meals online first. When it’s time for their orders, they pick up meals by using facial recognition (人脸识别) technology.”，学生们先在网上选餐，到了取餐时间，他们通过人脸识别技术领取餐食，这直接说明了canteen指的是学生用餐的餐厅。 33．第二段提到“At the same time, it helps the school plan meals and reduce kitchen waste.”，这直接说明了智能食堂系统帮助学校规划餐食并减少厨房浪费。 34．第三段提到“Recently, a middle school in Chongqing has used four cameras on the playground to follow students and record how fast they run.”，这直接说明了重庆某中学使用四台摄像头追踪学生并记录跑步速度以增加跑步乐趣。 35．全文围绕核心主题“科技也给校园带来了诸多变化”展开，分别介绍了智能食堂、智能跑步记录设施两个校园科技应用案例，对应选项“科技给校园带来了巨大变化”。 36．In February, 2025. 37．One Heart. 38．A school hall and dining hall. 39．Because it can be 100% recycled. 40．It’s a sustainable, hopeful community project. （答案不唯一，合理作答即可） 本文主要介绍了建筑师在达累斯萨拉姆附近的基巴哈，用“泥土打印”技术建造Hope Village项目，包括其建造背景、功能、设计特点和意义。 36．文章第1段“The project was finished in February, 2025.”表明项目完工于2025年2月。这是原文中的具体时间信息，直接提取。 37．文章第2段“Helped by the charity One Heart...”表明是慈善机构One Heart为建造提供了帮助。这是原文中的具体信息，直接提取。   38．文章第3段“it is used as a school hall and dining hall during the week...”表明社区中心在工作日用作学校礼堂和食堂。这是原文中的具体信息，直接提取。 39．文章第4段“The walls are 3D printed with earth so they can be 100% recycled”表明用泥土3D打印制成墙体，是因为它们可以被100%回收。这是原文中的具体信息，直接提取。 40．本题是开放性问题，答案不唯一，结合文章内容以及自身看法，合理作答即可。 41．What can it do 42．How does it work 43．For two weeks 44．When will it start 45．Would you like to join me 本文是一段情景对话，主要围绕A制作的导航机器人展开，介绍了它的功能、工作方式，以及即将参加的科技节信息，最后A邀请B参加科技节。 41． A回答它可以带访客参观我们学校并介绍学校，可知B在询问机器人的功能/能做什么，疑问句“What can it do”符合。 42．A 回答它通过语音工作，可知B在询问机器人的工作方式，疑问句“How does it work”符合语境。 43．B询问制作机器人的时长，此处回答时长，如两周，“For two weeks”符合语境。 44．A回答科技节明天早上 8 点开始，可知B在询问科技节的开始时间，疑问句“When will it start”符合语境。 45．B回答自己明天会早点，可知A在邀请B参加科技节，疑问句“Would you like to join me”符合语境。 46．was completed 47．were needed 48．were used 49．it 50．were built 51．which 52．is regarded 53．are attracted 54．if /whether 55．be achieved 本文通过讲述青藏铁路的建设历程与重要意义，展现了中国工程建设者克服极端挑战的智慧与协作精神。 46．句意：青藏铁路于2006年建成。句中时间状语“in 2006”明确指向过去的时间点，主语“The Qinghai-Xizang Railway”与动词complete是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。 47．句意：解决不同的问题需要创造性的思路。主语“Creative ideas”与动词need是被动关系，描述建设时期的过去情况，主语为复数，故用一般过去时的被动语态。 48．句意：夏天，冻土层的顶层变得太软无法施工，所以人们使用管道来保持地面坚硬。主语“pipes”与动词use是被动关系，描述建设时期的过去做法，主语为复数，故用一般过去时的被动语态。 49．句意：在一些地方，在冻土层上方修建铁路是不可能的，所以只能修建隧道。固定句型“it is/was impossible to do sth.”中，it作形式主语，指代后面的不定式结构。 50．句意：在其他地方，人们修建桥梁让铁路高出地面，这使得动物可以从铁轨下方通行。主语“bridges”与动词build是被动关系，描述建设时期的过去工程，主语为复数，故用一般过去时的被动语态。 51．句意：在其他地方，人们修建桥梁让铁路高出地面，这使得动物可以从铁轨下方通行。此处引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词bridges，在从句中作主语，故用关系代词which。 52．句意：如今，这条铁路被视为中国最伟大的工程项目之一。句中时间状语“Today”表明是当前的状态，主语“the railway”与动词regard是被动关系，主语为单数，故用一般现在时的被动语态。 53．句意：每年，成千上万的游客被沿线的美景吸引。句中时间状语“Every year”表明是经常性动作，主语“thousands of tourists”与动词attract是被动关系，主语为复数，故用一般现在时的被动语态。 54．句意：一位旅客说：“当我第一次在地图上看到这条铁路时，我想知道在这样的地方修建铁路是否可行。”。动词“wondered”后接宾语从句，表达“是否”的含义，可用if或whether引导该从句。 55．句意：现在我知道答案了：当人们齐心协力、永不放弃时，伟大的成就才能够实现。情态动词can后接动词原形，主语“great things”与动词achieve是被动关系，故用被动语态结构be achieved。 56．例文 A Great Invention Many inventions have changed our lives, and the one I want to write about is the high-speed train. The first high-speed railway in China was opened in 2008. Before that, a trip between two cities often took a whole day. Now the same journey takes only a few hours, and tickets can be bought on the phone. In my eyes, the high-speed train is great not because it is fast, but because it brings people closer. My grandparents live far away, and now we can visit them at any weekend. A good invention should be like this: it is made by clever ideas, but used by ordinary people every day. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $