完形填空（精品讲义）2027届英语高考二轮复习

第三部分 完形填空 第01讲 完形填空 — 记叙文 · 考情分析 完形填空记叙文：考查在具体语境中理解词语表达的得体性和准确性 年份 卷别 体裁 主题 文章词数 2026 全国I卷 记叙文 讲述作者离家读大学后，慢慢感念故乡小镇生活的珍贵与美好 254 全国II卷 记叙文 作者原本自认没有写作天赋，放弃文学选择从教，后来一位学生的提问点醒了她，最终重拾写作梦想、勇敢追梦的故事 238 浙江1月卷 记叙文 讲述厄休拉求职不顺后，结合农场成长背景萌生农业旅游创业想法，说服家人后创办向日葵农场，农场成名成热门目的地，还让游客感受农场魅力、重拾农耕联结 236 2025 全国I卷 记叙文 免费赠送旧物获得快乐的故事 240 全国II卷 记叙文 一位65岁的老奶奶坚持健身 218 浙江1月卷 记叙文 与陌生人分享美食并结交新朋友的故事 206 2024 新课标I卷 记叙文 凡是要有自己主见 234 新课标II 记叙文 友善行为美食力量 227 全国甲卷 记叙文 厨房里的祖母聊天 276 浙江1月卷 记叙文 火车上偶遇了一个年轻的中国男子的故事 226 根据新高考三年的考情分析，完形填空记叙文主要集中考查：动词及动词短语、名词、形容词、副词等实词在完形填空语篇中的上下文中的得体使用，考查的关键不是同义词辨析，是在具体语境中理解词语表达的得体性和准确性。考查以语篇内容理解为主，注重对文章语境的理解和把握。从表面看考学生的词汇知识，实际上是以文章为裁体，全面考察学生对文章的总体把握和全面理解，同时还考察学生的逻辑分析，推理等思维能力。 · 完形填空分析 1. 关键能力：1）语篇理解能力； 2）语言分析能力 2. 解题思路： 1）宏观上：把握文章结构；了解文章发展脉络 2）微观上：分析句子内部的逻辑关系； 分析句子之间的逻辑关系； 分析段落之间的逻辑关系 3. 备考策略： 1）重视词汇学习： ① 文章与选项包含的词汇量大，考查细致 ② 注意词汇的拓展意义、多义词、熟词生义等 2）强化专题训练： ① 加强针对性的专题训练，提高篇章意识，培养逻辑思维能力 ② 完形填空多是向善、励志的文本，选题时注意文章的立意 3）增加阅读量：大量接触地道的语言材料，体会异国文化，培养语感 4）记叙文、夹叙夹议文为主：侧重记叙文、夹叙夹议文，适当兼顾议论文、说明文 · 考点一 考查利用词汇复现解题 知识点1 记叙文的特点 记叙文常见的故事基本上是积极向上的励志类型的小故事。从叙事方式来看，故事内容基本都遵循“起-承-转-合”的常见记叙文写作思路。从正负态度来解释，则可分为两种模式:一种为“负-正”，即故事开始就是“坏事”，后来转变为“好事”；另一种是“正-负-正”，即文章开始平静祥和，中间经历挫折、困难，最终迎来光明美好的结局。两种模式的共同点在于，无论故事如何开篇，过程都会经历曲折，结尾必然收获美好、充满希望。总之，完形填空的选材基本都是积极向上、引人向善的文章。了解这些有助于考生理解文章内容、把握主人公情感走向，进而帮助解题。 考查以语篇内容理解为主，注重对文章语境的理解和把握。从表面看考学生的词汇知识，实际上是以文章为裁体，全面考察学生对文章的总体把握和全面理解，同时还考察学生的逻辑分析，推理等思维能力。 知识点2 利用词汇复现解题 词汇复现包括原词复现、同义词复现、同根词复现、概括词复现以及结构复现等。完形填空所选的文章都是具有逻辑关系、意义相连的语篇，因此，在行文中不可避免地会出现词语的复现、前后同义或反义、相互照应等现象。所以，解题时应联系上下文寻找相关线索，如某一个词的原词、指代词、同义词、近义词、上义词、下义词和概括词等。但由于我们在做题时不可能总是重复地阅读文章，因此，在做完形填空时要培养一种捕捉并记忆相关信息的能力。 （1）原词或同根词复现 原词或同根词复现是指相同的单词或同根词在原文中反复出现，达到衔接文章的目的。 （2）同义词或近义词复现 同义词或近义词复现是指意义相同或相近的单词在原文中反复出现，以达到衔接文章的目的。在做完形填空试题时，就可以利用这种衔接方式找到要填入单词的同义词或者近义词，从而也就找到了试题的答案。这也包括了同源词复现，即相同词根构成的不同词性的单词在文章中反复出现。 （3）反义词复现 反义词复现是指和前文中词义相反的单词在原文中出现，以达到衔接文章的目的。我们可以利用这一衔接手段在文章中寻找要填入单词的反义词。 （4）结构复现 有时空格处的信息并不局限于与前一句中某个信息点的重复，可能是与前几句中的某个信息点的重复，也不局限于同词复现或同义复现，甚至连句式结构都非常类似。 · 考点二 考查利用逻辑关系解题 完形填空首先考查的就是考生对文章的理解能力。因此考生在做完形填空时，应把它看作一个意思连贯、结构完整的语篇，而不是单项填空。做题时要善于利用段首句或首段最大限度地获取信息。完形填空的首句或前几句话一般都是完整的，为考生提供足够的信息去挖掘文章的思路，而且，这里往往包含主题句，为理解文章大意和主要内容提供必要的线索。此外，完形填空是具有完整内容且按照一定思路发展的文章，各段及各句之间都有逻辑上的必然联系，因此还要注意把握文章发展的基本线索，搞清段与段、句与句之间的逻辑关系。答题时， 考生首先要树立起语篇概念，抓住文章主题思想，理清其结构布局， 明辨句子之间以及段落之间的关系，利用句与句、句群与句群之间的逻辑关系解题。句子之间的逻辑关系主要包括： 1. 并列关系(连接词有and，while等)；转折关系(连接词有but，however，whereas，nevertheless等)； 2. 因果关系(连接词有so，therefore，thus，because, for，since，as等)； 3. 让步关系(连接词或短语有though，although，despite, in spite of等)； 4. 条件关系(连接词或短语有if，unless, once，provided that，in case of等)； 5. 解释关系(连接词或短语有i.e.，that is to say, in other words等)； 6. 顺序关系(连接词有before，after，and，first，second，then，next, finally等)。 完形填空的句子内部、句与句之间以及段落之间往往都存在一定的逻辑关系，有些题目就是考查这些逻辑关系，因此可以借助并列连词和从属连词等表示逻辑关系的标志词，理清上下文逻辑关系，快速解题。 · 考点三 利用情感态度解题 在完形填空中,我们一定要在快速阅读文章的过程中，仔细找出能够反映作者态度和感情色彩的重要词汇,它们往往是名词、形容词、副词或动词。这些词汇通常是我们做题时重要的参照线索,可以帮助我们快速确定某些题目的正确答案。 每篇完形填空所表达的内容都有一定的褒贬性，这种褒贬性反映了作者的特定心理、情绪状态和写作意图，因此利用文章内容的情感态度的相关词汇就能对文章进行准确的逻辑判断，从而在理解文意并准确传递文意的基础上推断出答案。 情感态度： ①关注故事的转折点和相关人物的情绪变化； ②判断作者与文中其他人物的情感态度； ③积累表达“爱憎好恶”的词汇和固定短语。 · 考点四 考查利用文章的主题解题 高考英语记叙文完形填空每篇文章都会表达一个明确的主题，都会通过故事讲述突出一个中心思想，既然文章的写作的目的是为了表达自己的中心思想，那么这个文章的主线都应该围绕这个中心展开。这样以来，完形填空中大部分词语都会围绕这个中心主题选。这也符合一致性原则。 · 考点五 考查利用上下文语境解题 利用上下文语境解题 完形填空题主要考查学生对语境的理解能力，所以空处的前后多有暗示(下文暗示上文的居多)。学生在做题时，一定要从整体上把握文章的内容，弄清文章的结构和文章的内在逻辑关系。 · 考点六 考查利用习语搭配解题 利用习语搭配解题 英语语言中的很多词汇均以短语搭配的形式出现，完形填空中的词汇也不例外。很多时候，在分析语境、理清空白处含义的基础上，利用对词汇前后搭配的分析可以快速、准确地推断完形填空的未知信息。所谓前后搭配主要是指动词(名词、形容词等)与介词的搭配、动词与其宾语的搭配、句式结构和各种习惯搭配。在解答完形填空题时，充分考虑这些搭配关系，有助于我们做出正确选择。 值得注意的是：英语完形填空中的词义辨析，大多是利用短语和语境解题，与词义辨析没什么关系。 · 考点七 考查利用生活常识解题 利用生活常识解题 跨文化思考意识是中学英语《新课程标准》中要求的基本准则之一。因此考生在备考过程中，应该有意识地利用有关资料，了解一些有关中西方文化差异的知识来完善自己的知识系统。完形填空题中有时就渗透着相关的，如科学、历史、文化、风俗民情等方面的知识。如果考生掌握了丰富的文化背景知识和生活常识，就具备了一定的判断能力，可以大大简化复杂的分析过程和判断过程。这就要求考生平时既要多体验生活，又要扩大阅读面，增强自己这方面的知识储备，避免常识性错误。同时，还要注意中西方文化的差异，避免出现汉语式表达或理解。 完形填空题所选的文章多是具有一定故事情节和教育意义的记叙文，这些语篇都非常贴近学生的生活，涉及日常生活常识的试题就在所难免。所以考生在解题时，可以根据这些常识做出正确选择。 完形填空的语篇信息常交织渗透着各类相关的文化背景知识：有些选项的设置与文化背景有关，这就要求考生有较宽的知识面，同时具备一定的文化意识，特别要有对英语国家文化的敏感性和鉴别力，只有这样才能既快又准确地解题。 【总结方法】 生活是一本书，世事洞明皆学问。完形填空的语篇中往往渗透着三者如文化科学、历史地理、风俗民情等方面的知识。能够根据生活常识答题，也是完形填空要考查的一个方面。学生在把握全文意思的基础上，有时还需要根据生活常识和一般情理进行选择。 背景知识：①考虑文化背景； ②联系生活常识； ③结合语境，做出合乎情理的判断 实战闯关·模考特训 1. 2026届 苏锡常镇四市高三下学期教学情况调研（一） Last week, my decades-old fiddle leaf ficus tree (琴叶榕) was dying. I texted my neighbor Karen. She texted me back ____41____ to teach me how to make the yellow return to green. I was ____42____ to have a neighbor who cared about my plants. When my family moved here in 2017, Karen created a detailed map of the homes surrounding us, so I could become ____43____ with the other neighbors. Karen wanted to help create a sense of ____44____, and she wasn’t going to leave it up to ____45____. Soon after we moved in, Karen began ____46____ when I was in the yard. I loved flowers as much as Karen did. I was a gardener before I became a caregiver to my 10-year-old daughter, who had a rare ____47____. I didn’t have much time for ____48____ at that time. Karen ____49____ what it took to care for a person with disabilities. Yet Karen went even further — she helped us ____50____ an uplifting landscape. Now, my home is flanked (两侧环绕) with deep-pink roses that climb up almost as tall as the roof. It was Karen and I who planted them together several years ago. When I look at those long-lasting flowers, I know I am not ____51____. Sometimes, my husband and I think about ____52____ to a bigger house, especially during the long Minnesota winters. Having a neighbor like Karen is one good reason to ____53____ where we are. She makes me want to be a better neighbor. Most importantly, a better ____54____. She makes me want to be like those ____55____ that climb up the front of my home, displaying something beautiful. 41. A. hesitantly B. instantly C. eventually D. gradually 42. A. cautious B. lucky C. curious D. optimistic 43. A. strict B. patient C. content D. familiar 44. A. achievement B. humor C. belonging D. satisfaction 45. A. chance B. expectation C. standard D. challenge 46. A. showing off B. dropping by C. standing by D. putting off 47. A. habit B. disease C. talent D. opportunity 48. A. reading B. cleaning C. chatting D. gardening 49. A. understood B. predicted C. forgot D. complained 50. A. create B. imagine C. preserve D. assess 51. A. busy B. ready C. lazy D. alone 52. A. adapting B. returning C. moving D. sticking 53. A. rest B. wait C. stay D. recognize 54. A. human B. gardener C. caregiver D. mother 55. A. leaves B. roses C. trees D. weeds 2. 2026届 苏锡常镇四市2026年5月高三教学情况调研(二) When Legacy Jackson was 2, she and her family spent a cold Christmas morning in downtown. For people in need, they ____41____ hot soup and warm clothes. Legacy’s mom said, “Volunteering is our family ____42____ and it’s just part of who we are.” By the time Legacy was 4, she had started to ____43____ something about the community service events she participated in. There would never be any kids and the projects weren’t really ____44____ and fun for her age group. So she wanted to start a new volunteer group, specifically for kids. With her mom’s help, Little Legacies was finally ____45____ in 2016. Until now, Little Legacies has ____46____ more than 120 service projects, such as making cards for kids in the hospital, collecting ____47____ to fill Little Free Library boxes, and giving gifts during the holidays. One of Legacy Jackson’s favorite events was for International Dance Day in 2023. She helped ____48____ a dance workshop for young people living at Gateway180, a shelter for families experiencing homelessness. About 15 girls attended. Legacy and her volunteers taught them different dances, and ____49____ costumes, makeup and lunch. At the end of the day, these girls put on a performance ____50____. Other events Legacy and her fellow volunteers have hosted at Gateway180 are more casual, where everybody just comes to play and enjoys each other’s ____51____. Legacy is very ____52____ on the kids. She likes seeing kids’ smiling faces. For her, spreading joy and kindness is the ____53____. “I like making other people happy,” she says. “That has to be one of the greatest ____54____.” She doesn’t know exactly how long or how far the group will go, but she is ____55____ of its growth. 41. A. sorted out B. handed out C. found out D. brought out 42. A. celebration B. situation C. tradition D. expectation 43. A. invent B. notice C. remember D. imagine 44. A. challenging B. helpful C. tough D. entertaining 45. A. designed B. reformed C. managed D. launched 46. A. evaluated B. hosted C. reported D. attracted 47. A. toys B. books C. stamps D. coins 48. A. lead B. remove C. describe D. appreciate 49. A. stored B. reserved C. provided D. borrowed 50. A. carefully B. awkwardly C. hurriedly D. successfully 51. A. company B. praise C. memory D. service 52. A. dependent B. hard C. easy D. focused 53. A. fortune B. method C. goal D. difficulty 54. A. rewards B. mistakes C. difficulties D. opportunities 55. A. tired B. proud C. fearful D. unsure 3. 2026届 南通(泰扬盐徐连淮宿)八市 高三第二次调研测试 When I was six years old, my entire body went up in flames. It took me a year of being treated at a number of hospitals to ____41____. I lost all grasp of reality, and tried to ____42____day by day. ____43____ into society as a young adult was tough. Looking ____44____ meant I got bullied, and I found it hard to get a job. I was sick and tired of the world treating me like a ____45____. That’s when I got the idea to make a change. At 25, I decided to ____46____ my local volunteer fire academy. Just two weeks into ____47____, I was in a room filled with burning flames. I ____48____ and wasn’t able to move, but when the fire had rolled less than a foot above my head, I had an epiphany (顿悟). For the first time, I turned ____49____ I turned on the hose (消防软管). I’ve kept a photo of myself from that time, walking out of the building ____50____, my fire suit still smoking. After 12 weeks of training, I was ____51____ to a fire and rescue station staffed by volunteers. We would be sent to ____52____, often to car fires and small brush fires. I have never felt such unexpected ____53____ from a team, and to this day call my fellow firefighters my brothers and sisters. The fire department taught me about the importance of ____54____. Now I am a peer support specialist, helping people with mental health. I think it is ____55____ that everyone feels in control of their recovery, like I had with mine. 41. A. recover B. grow C. compare D. volunteer 42. A. forget B. diet C. wander D. survive 43. A. Breaking B. Integrating C. Flooding D. Looking 44. A. smart B. different C. ordinary D. ambitious 45. A. victim B. friend C. liar D. model 46. A. break away from B. put up with C. try out for D. come back to 47. A. discussion B. company C. cooperation D. training 48. A. froze B. laughed C. relaxed D. sighed 49. A. in trouble B. in debt C. in need D. in control 50. A. carelessly B. aimlessly C. proudly D. in control 51. A. limited B. attached C. lost D. addicted 52. A. fairs B. clinics C. emergencies D. strikes 53. A. forgiveness B. acceptance C. competition D. gratitude 54. A. community B. intelligence C. generosity D. insight 55. A. amusing B. natural C. shocking D. important 4. 25-26 南京师大附中、海安中学、天一中学、海门中学 高三联考 In 2007, our family settled in the small town of Busselton. As a new migrant to Australia, the first thing that I wanted to do was ____21____ its wide-open spaces. After hearing a neighbour talk about ____22____ a cycling trail called The Munda Biddi that runs through the bush, I researched the trail and became excited about riding it. I bought some ____23____ and began planning. What I didn’t realize was how ____24____ it was to ride through bush land and forests in the hot season. The Munda Biddi Trail was new, and mobile phone ____25____ along the route was poor. My map reading skills would be put to the test. The terrain (地形) was generally flat, but few navigational landmarks were ____26____ in the thick forests. However, I started ____27____, following the trail to my destination. After a while the trail markers became difficult to find. I hadn’t met any other ____28____ along the route. By midday, the ____29____ became unbearable and my skin was dry and salty. The original ____30____ was to stay overnight at a tourist park near Logue Brook Dam (水坝), but I had no idea where I was. After moving slowly along the sandy trail for about two hours, I was overjoyed to see cycle tracks that looked ____31____. Feeling encouraged, I cycled on, keeping a sharp eye on the tracks, but ____32____ realizing I was back on my own path. Discouraged, I stopped and ____33____ my bike in the open in the hope that it would be seen from the air and rested in the shade. In a half sleep, I heard the ____34____ sound of a motor and looked skywards, but the sound disappeared. A while later I heard it again, but this time it sounded closer. I ____35____ myself up and walked to where the sound was coming. As I reached the top of the hill, I gasped in disbelief: There before me was Logue Brook Dam! 21. A. examine B. extend C. embrace D. enhance 22. A. exploring B. paving C. checking D. building 23. A. books B. bikes C. maps D. sticks 24. A. thrilling B. scary C. risky D. rewarding 25. A. quality B. coverage C. display D. application 26. A. acceptable B. visible C. suitable D. changeable 27. A. cautiously B. eagerly C. steadily D. hesitantly 28. A. drivers B. joggers C. cyclists D. hikers 29. A. heat B. cold C. wind D. rain 30. A. agreement B. routine C. requirement D. plan 31. A. recent B. smooth C. strange D. messy 32. A. turned up B. ended up C. kicked off D. set off 33. A. laid B. fixed C. displayed D. loaded 34. A. familiar B. distinct C. sharp D. distant 35. A. woke B. freed C. warmed D. forced 5. 25-26 浙江省Z20名校联盟(浙江省名校新高考研究联盟)高三上 第一次联考 Karen, 16, was a college freshman in a local university. She was thrilled to earn a ___41___ in the renowned choir for their international tour. However, ___42___ overcame her when she overslept before a key performance at a distant church. Missing the bus, she ___43___ helplessly in her dorm hallway. She had no cars nor friends nearby to help. Ironically, her neighbor Pam emerged, the ___44___ person Karen expected to see. Their relationship had been ___45___. Karen’s group frequently disturbed the floor with late-night noise, ___46___ Pam’s requests for quiet. They ___47___ temporarily just long enough to catch their breath — before the disruptions came crashing back in. Now facing ___48___ of her own mistake, Karen awkwardly confessed her dilemma to Pam. To her astonishment, Pam offered a ride immediately, which stunned Karen — Why did he extend kindness to someone who had shown ___49___? They raced to Pam’s car and arrived just as the choir entered the church — a miraculous ___50___. Decades later, Karen still ___51___ that gesture. It was never ___52___ a ride, but a profound lesson in grace. Pam’s complaints gave way to forgiveness, ___53___ Karen redemption (救赎) she hadn’t earned. If she could speak to Pam today, Karen would offer an apology for her youthful selfishness, and ___54___ for that transformative compassion. Its ripple effects ___55___ her next thirty years, proving that true mercy bridges divides and heals hearts. 41. A. spot B. chance C. bonus D. prize 42. A. calmness B. panic C. thrill D. relief 43. A. paced B. stormed C. bounced D. tripped 44. A. best B. worst C. first D. last 45. A. tense B. close C. familiar D. distant 46. A. disapproving B. doubting C. supporting D. dismissing 47. A. stayed B. waited C. paused D. hesitated 48. A. processes B. conclusions C. causes D. consequences 49. A. some B. none C. any D. much 50. A. save B. contribution C. performance D. movement 51. A. calls on B. reflects on C. holds back D. looks back 52. A. totally B. rarely C. merely D. fairly 53. A. gifting B. rewarding C. supplying D. sparing 54. A. complaint B. gratitude C. welcome D. regret 55. A. restricted B. formed C. constructed D. shaped 6. 25-26 浙江省Z20名校联盟（浙江省名校新高考研究联盟）高三上 第二次联考 I was thirty-four the first time I saw the real Santa. He drove a big, charcoal-colored ____21____ through Georgia’s August heat — no reindeer, no beard, just ____22____ grace. My husband had lost his job in July. We were cutting back on expenses, trying to ____23____ the financial storm. Interviews came slowly; in July, ____24____ stung deeply. We were fearing that he wouldn’t find anything before everything ____25____. To lift our spirits, we drove to McDonald’s one heavy afternoon for a quick drive-through run. As we pulled up to the takeout window, the ____26____ said, “The car ahead paid for you.” People do this all the time — and it’s always a lovely gesture. But what happened that year wasn’t just a common pay-it-forward ____27____. It was something more. When we ____28____ to pay for the next car, she ____29____ her head. “That man paid for everyone behind you too.” We watched his truck ____30____, his hand waving cheerfully from the window — a gesture that ____31____ the Santa in the poem “Twas the Night Before Christmas, ____32____ all a good night. He couldn’t have known how much we needed that sign — a ____33____ that kindness still existed, that we’d be okay. Soon after, my husband found a job. We now perform ____34____ acts of kindness whenever we see the opportunity, remembering the man who taught us that Santa doesn’t need a sleigh — just a ____35____ heart. 21. A. truck B. sleigh C. tractor D. carriage 22. A. embarrassing B. unstoppable C. dazzling D. unexpected 23. A. witness B. weather C. overwhelm D. experience 24. A. approvals B. applications C. rewards D. rejections 25. A. falling apart B. melting away C. coming out D. picking up 26. A. accountant B. waitress C. driver D. cashier 27. A. deal B. chain C. matter D. event 28. A. refused B. offered C. afforded D. managed 29. A. nodded B. ducked C. shook D. hung 30. A. break down B. break up C. pull away D. pull up 31. A. included B. read C. reflected D. echoed 32. A. making B. wishing C. singing D. sending 33. A. reminder B. phenomenon C. supplement D. guideline 34. A. normal B. deliberate C. random D. magnificent 35. A. courageous B. determined C. willing D. impressive 7. 25-26 浙江省北斗星盟高三一模 When his great-grandmother suffered a serious fall, a 3-year-old boy braved the darkness to help save her life. While reviewing her garage security footage (片段) to ____21____ what happened that February night, Stephanie Peabody made a ____22____ discovery about her 3-year-old son, Bridger, who was under his great-grandmother’s care when the incident occurred. As they walked into the house, Lewis ____23____, and hit her head on a concrete (混凝土) step. She couldn’t get up, she was bleeding heavily, and she had left her ____24____ in the car. After yelling for help ____25____, Lewis told Bridger, “You’re going to have to get my phone.” It was nighttime, and the path back to the car wasn’t ____26____. It was in total darkness. “I was a lot afraid,” Bridger ____27____. “It was too dark.” That was when Bridger whispered to himself these three little words captured on security video: “____28____.” ____29____ his fear and having never opened a car door alone, he _____30_____ made his way to Lewis’ car and brought back the phone. Three months later, Lewis has _____31_____ and new lights illuminate the yard. But the most profound _____32_____ is within the family. _____33_____ by her son’s bravery, Stephanie Peabody is now pursuing a career in special education. She has even tattooed (纹身) the phrase “Don’t be afraid” on her arm. It’s a reminder for the child inside all of us. Sometimes, true _____34_____ is being afraid and charging into the _____35_____ anyway. 21. A. take apart B. rule out C. piece together D. make up 22. A. stunning B. confusing C. frustrating D. professional 23. A. bent B. tripped C. dropped D. knocked 24. A. keys B. wallet C. bandage D. phone 25. A. failed B. worked C. echoed D. heard 26. A. paved B. lit C. cleared D. marked 27. A. anticipated B. imagined C. recalled D. realized 28. A. Be brave now B. I am big C. I am brave D. Don’t be afraid 29. A. For B. Besides C. Despite D. With 30. A. gladly B. courageously C. nervously D. cautiously 31. A. healed B. returned C. adjusted D. survived 32. A. recovery B. surprise C. change D. bond 33. A. Inspired B. Reminded C. Convinced D. Challenged 34. A. faith B. wisdom C. victory D. courage 35. A. difficulty B. darkness C. doubt D. dilemma 8. 25-26 浙江省杭州学军中学 高三上 首考适应性考试 The morning sun had just begun to rise over Siblyback Lake when Aimee, Britney, and Abi started their 18-mile training run for the London Marathon. The rhythm of their footsteps was suddenly ____21____ by panicked bleating (咩咩叫). A hundred yards ahead, they spotted a terrified sheep being ____22____ into the icy waters by a barking sheepdog. Without hesitation, all three women ____23____ sprinted toward the scene. What they saw was ____24____. The sheep was struggling to keep its head above water, its movements increasingly wild. “We could see the absolute ____25____ in its eyes,” Aimee later ____26____. Britney and Abi, still wearing their running shoes and gear, stepped into the ____27____ water, while Aimee ____28____ help on her phone. The rescue proved more challenging than expected. The lake’s icy current ____29____ to pull both rescuers and sheep under. Britney attempted to calm it while Abi ____30____ a hold on its wool. After nearly fifteen minutes, they finally guided the ____31____ creature back to shore, where it immediately collapsed onto the grass. For the next half hour, they remained watchful, rubbing the sheep’s limbs to ____32____ circulation and covering it with their running jackets. As dawn fully ____33____, the revived animal walked away shakily. The impact of the rescue lingered with the women long after. “What began as a(n) ____34____ training run became a lesson in sympathy,” Britney reflected as they finally resumed their marathon preparation, their clothes still damp but their spirits ____35____. 21. A. troubled B. formed C. interrupted D. strengthened 22. A. driven B. led C. dragged D. drawn 23. A. eagerly B. eventually C. suddenly D. immediately 24. A. touching B. awful C. exciting D. hopeful 25. A. sympathy B. sadness C. terror D. regret 26. A. realized B. repeated C. recalled D. remembered 27. A. frozen B. freezing C. fierce D. frightening 28. A. called out B. called in C. called on D. called for 29. A. managed B. promised C. intended D. threatened 30. A. secured B. released C. gained D. attached 31. A. exhausted B. lost C. painful D. cheerful 32. A. cease B. restore C. relieve D. repair 33. A. broke B. rose C. fell D. faded 34. A. standard B. professional C. routine D. official 35. A. unlocked B. upheld C. undefeated D. uplifted 9. 2026届 浙江省名校协作体G12联盟 高三下 二模 It was 1 a.m. on her daughter’s birthday when Marisa Shumaker decided to create some birthday magic. She pulled out a parcel, ready to ____41____ the perfect gift — a real 61-key music keyboard for her 4-year-old, Aubree. To her shock, when she opened it, she found the parcel contained only a stand and a bench; the keyboard was sold ____42____. Panic set in as she imagined the ____43____ a broken promise could bring. She searched online and called stores all day long, but nothing was ____44____. In a final attempt, she ___45___ a plea (请求) in a local Facebook group. Five miles away, Andy Spencer saw her post. “I wouldn’t want a child’s birthday wish to go ____46____,” he later said. He then remembered the 61 full-size keyboard his own daughter ____47____ used. Spencer quickly messaged Shumaker and arranged to meet at a nearby store. “When I saw a stranger willing to ____48____ a keyboard just in time to help,” Shumaker recalled, “it felt like experiencing one of those ____49____ scenes of a movie.” When she offered to pay, Spencer politely ____50____, asking only for a photo of a happy Aubree. He ____51____, “If she becomes the next Taylor Swift, give us a shoutout.” At her birthday party, Aubree ____52____ into the living room like a joyful rabbit. Her face lit up at the sight of the keyboard. That night, Shumaker texted Spencer her thanks, adding that Aubree was so fascinated by the ____53____ that she hadn’t even opened her other gifts. Now Aubree practices nearly every day. “Nothing can ____54____ this gift,” Shumaker says. That night ____55____ her faith in everyday magic — it felt like meeting a guardian angel. 41. A. make B. purchase C. unwrap D. deliver 42. A. separately B. quickly C. secretly D. poorly 43. A. anger B. excitement C. disappointment D. confusion 44. A. usable B. available C. enjoyable D. affordable 45. A. updated B. answered C. posted D. rejected 46. A. unnoticed B. unfulfilled C. unchanged D. unexpressed 47. A. barely B. widely C. heavily D. frequently 48. A. tap on B. throw away C. pick up D. part with 49. A. eye-opening B. heart-warming C. nerve-cracking D. mind-numbing 50. A. refused B. accepted C. nodded D. apologized 51. A. stated B. demanded C. whispered D. joked 52. A. skipped B. wandered C. slipped D. tiptoed 53. A. stand B. parcel C. bench D. keyboard 54. A. decorate B. change C. top D. ruin 55. A. challenged B. renewed C. showed D. shook 10. 25-26 浙江杭州第二中学 5月高三 适应性检测 It was one morning in April 2018. My daughter, Emily, had just turned two. She usually ____41____ herself with a few toys when I quickly showered and got ready for the day. Her growing curiosity often ____42____ her to get into the drawers and cupboards. I was often ____43____ when I found cupboards emptied and messes everywhere. On this particular morning, she ____44____ the cupboard filled with all my various lotions. It still ____45____ me why I had so many partially used bottles of different lotions and creams. Even if I didn’t like a certain one, I never threw it away because I thought I might need it one day, or didn’t want to be ____46____. When I got out of the shower, I found Emily standing by my bedside table with an entire bottle of runny, shimmering lotion ____47____ all over the table, herself, her pajamas, and the carpet. And cleaning lotion out of carpet is ____48____ fun or easy. Right then and there I decided enough was enough! I was so ____49____ of cleaning up the same messes and the same stuff I didn’t even need. I got a big garbage bag and started _____50_____ every unneeded and unloved item, which really gave me a sense of liberation and _____51_____. This event really _____52_____ my mindset about stuff and _____53_____ motivated me to live a life with fewer things. For me, minimalism (极简主义) is not a destination but a _____54_____. And I will _____55_____ on this path for the rest of my life. 41. A. equipped B. distracted C. entertained D. rewarded 42. A. allowed B. drove C. encouraged D. persuaded 43. A. frustrated B. terrified C. disappointed D. concerned 44. A. fixed B. painted C. arranged D. searched 45. A. confuses B. escapes C. delights D. bothers 46. A. picky B. typical C. wasteful D. stubborn 47. A. blown B. occupied C. thrown D. poured 48. A. far from B. at least C. no longer D. after all 49. A. afraid B. capable C. sick D. fond 50. A. turning to B. setting aside C. thinking little of D. getting rid of 51. A. security B. pride C. relief D. belonging 52. A. shifted B. developed C. clarified D. revealed 53. A. fortunately B. surprisingly C. immediately D. ultimately 54. A. solution B. journey C. tendency D. change 55. A. continue B. appear C. wait D. survive 第02讲 完形填空—说明文和议论文 一、说明文 1. 说明情况或阐明事理 2. 按照时间、空间、逻辑等顺序说明 3. 内容客观、公正，语言简练平实，传递正确的思想或科学知识 二、议论文 1. 首段提出论点 2. 论点与论据有机结合、相辅相成 3. 使用对比、强调、举例等手段 · 考点一 利用文章首段的观点或看法解题 知识点1 说明文完形填空的特点 文体特征 说明文往往围绕一个问题从不同的侧面来加以说明，通常结构严谨，句子结构复杂，因此也是高考完形填空题中较难理解的一种文体。其主要特点为： 1. 开头点题 在说明文类的完形填空中，作者一般在文章的首句直接提出说明的对象，这是掌握说明细节的前提。 2.结构清晰 说明文一般按一定的顺序展开。理清文章的说明顺序，对于正确把握文意和上下文的逻辑关系，选择正确答案具有重要意义。 3.难度较大 说明文往往采用比较正式的文体，表述准确严谨，生词术语较多，句子较长，结构较为复杂。 4.遣词用字简练 说明文一般采用简练的语言，按一定的方法介绍事物的类别、性质、特点、构造、成因、关系或事物的运动变化、发展的过程及其规律。 5.条理清晰 说明文十分讲究条理性，一般采取时间顺序、空间顺序、逻辑顺序或认知顺序来说明事物或事理。 应试策略 1. 快速弄清文章大意 对于此类文章我们结合选择项，进行粗读或略读，对文章的大意要先有一个大体的了解。说明文往往生词较多，而题材又比较广泛，所以阅读时，首先要能够掌握文章的大意。 2. 弄清楚说明的顺序 把握了说明顺序，就能准确把握文章的脉络，加强对整篇文章的理解。 3. 把握文章的组织结构，理清事实细节 把握语篇特征对理解文意与答题极为有利。说明性的文章一般都是一篇完整的、意思表达清楚的、逻辑比较严密的短文。在阅读这类文章时，我们一定要仔细研读文章的开头和结尾，从主题句着手，找出支持句，然后寻找文章的结论。这时，我们还要特别注意，不要被表面的一些细节所迷惑，我们在理解细节的基础上，还要斟酌文字的内涵意义，从而对文章进行深层次的理解。 4. 注重上下文语境 应逐句精读短文，逐题分析选项，对特定的语境作深入的理解，克服＂思维定势＂，根据全文大意和词不离句、句不离文的原则逐项填空。 5. 熟练做题方法，遵循四个原则： （1）上下一致。每个选择项必须从全文出发，从大处着手，避免孤立地分析每一空格，造成误选。 （2）语法正确。从语法地角度去考虑动词的时态、语态以及词类用法。 （3）逻辑合理。在完形填空题中，逻辑推理非常重要，有时每个选择项从语法上讲都正确，但是有的是不合语境逻辑的。 （4）符合搭配。英语中固定搭配很多，需要熟练掌握，才能做好此类题目。 知识点2 议论文完形填空的特点 文体特征 议论文都是由论点（作者的观点，也就是被证明的对象、论据（用来证明论点的依据，是说明论点的理由和材料）和论证（运用论据证明论点的过程与方法），这三个要素构成的，这也是一个提出问题——分析问题——解决问题的过程。因此，典型的议论文一般就由序论（提出问题，即what）、本论（分析问题，即why）和结论（解决问题，即how）三个部分构成，其具体的结构模式又有以下三种： 模式一：引言段（提出观点）——正方论点心（支持作者的观点的较弱论点）、正方论点2（支持作者的观点的较强论点）、正方论点3（支持作者观点的最强论点）——结论段（总结+解决方法，论断或建议） 在这种模式中，文章主体段（中间部分）的每一个部分论述一个论点，这些论点以其重要性按序排列，最有力、最重要的论点在最后面，以示强调。 模式二：引言段（提出观点）——反面意见（反方观点+作者的反驳）、正方论点1（支持作者观点的较弱论点）、正方论点2（支持作者观点的较强论点）、正方论点3（支持作者观点的最强论点）——结论段（总结+解决方法，论断或建议） 在这种模式中，文章立体段的一开始就提出对立方的反面意见及作者对这种意见的反驳，以后各部分仍分别陈述作者的不同论点。 模式三：引言段（提出观点）——反方观点1+进行反驳的正方论点、反方观点2+进行反驳的正方论点、反方观点3+进行反驳的正方论点——结论段（总结+解决方法，论断或建议） 在这种模式中，作者在文章主体段的每一部分都先提出一个反面观点，然后再进行反驳。 议论文有自己的语言个性，它不同于记叙文的生动形象，也不同于说明文的简明易懂。议论是对具体事物、事理作出的理论上分析与阐述，因此，它的语言自然客观的、抽象的、概括的。同时，它的语言也很准确，合乎逻辑。文中会较多地使用，诸如since（既然），now that（既然），therefore（因而），in that case（在那种情况下），so（所以），It follows that…（因而…），If…，we may conclude that …（如果……，我们可以这样下结论……），Should it be the case （如果是这样的话……），Idon’t want to…,but…（我并不想……），It is true that…,but…（诚然……但是……）,Even if …（即使……）等有辩论和推理含义的连接和过渡词语与结构，以增强语言的准确性和逻辑性。此外，作者的写作态度一般也较诚恳，在文章中通常使用的是与读者平等交流的语气，不会给人以居高临下、以势居人、逼人接受的感觉，在遣词造句方面多使用虚拟语气、让步状语从句和can, may, might, could, would, should等情态动词。 应试策略 技巧一 把握首句 议论文完形填空的首句一般是主旨句，作者通常在首段提出总论点，然后在每段的首句提出分论点。 技巧二 依据结构查论点 文章论点提出一般有以下三种。 开门见山：直接提出论点，然后用正反、对比、举例等论据加以论证，最后总结全文。 抛砖引玉：先通过叙述生活中的一件事情或现象，不表明自己的观点，而是通过对具体现象的分析，最后得出结论。 文末总结：先列举生活中的现象，不表明自己的观点，而是通过对具体现象的分析，最后得出结论。 技巧三 末段结论 议论文的尾段就是结论，也是对论点的照应。 知识点3 利用文章首段的观点或看法解题 说明文和议论文有一个共同特点，文章的首段总是提出要说明的事实或结论或提出论点或提出要解决的问题。根据文章作者提出的结论或论点，可以比较清晰的感悟作者的写作态度和目的，而下文将对其进行详细的说明或进行论证。明察作者的写作思路和态度就能一连串的解决首段一系列的问题，它们是相辅相成的。 · 考点二 注重文章尾段的结论解题 明文和议论文的尾段往往给我们传递非常重要的信息，常常是议论文得出的结论，而这个结论往往也是积极向上的，说明文会在尾段进一步总结，它们能反映作者的态度和情感。因此，利用好尾段信息对完形填空解题很有帮助。 · 考点三 利用段落主题句解题 说明文和议论文的语言组织结构很严谨，句子之间的逻辑关系紧凑，层次分明。因此，段落中的主题句总是统领整个段落，段中的所有的说明和论述都会围绕题展开。所以，整段内的选项要侧重主题句的思想选择，这样成功率很高。 · 考点四 利用说明顺序解题 利用说明顺序（即逻辑顺序、时间顺序、空间顺序等）解英语完形填空时，可以遵循以下系统方法： 1. 通读全文，把握说明结构 目的：快速理解文章主题和说明逻辑（如因果、步骤、对比等）。 技巧：重点读首段、尾段及每段首句，标注关键词（如first, however, therefore等）。 2. 分析空格上下文逻辑 时间顺序：空格处可能需填时间标志词（before, after, finally）或动词时态。 例：若前文是"First, heat the water"，后文可能是"Next, add the tea leaves." 因果顺序：空格可能是结果（thus, consequently）或原因（due to, because）。 对比/递进：注意however, similarly, moreover等逻辑词。 3.常见考点总结 说明顺序类型 典型线索词 解题方向 时间顺序 first, then, finally 填时间副词或动作顺序词 因果顺序 because, so, therefore 填原因/结果相关词 对比顺序 but, however, whereas 填反义词或转折词 举例顺序 for example, such as 填具体事例或概括词 实战闯关·模考特训 1. 25-26福建省福州第一中学 高三上学期12月月考 Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. They ____21____ with them lots of waste. The ____22____ might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers are disappearing, changing the ____23____ of Kilimanjaro. However, much has changed since the days of some disturbing reports. The environmental challenges are still ___24___ but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be ____25____. People now see a clean mountain. The best of a Kilimanjaro ____26____ in my opinion, isn’t reaching the top. Mountains are ____27____ as spiritual places by many cultures. This ____28____ is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as ____29____ go through five ecosystems in the space of a few kilometers. At the base is a rainforest. It ends abruptly at 3,000 meters, ____30____ lands of low growing plants. Further up, low clouds envelope the mountainsides, which are covered with thick grass. I ____31____ twelve shades of green from where I stand. Above 4,000 meters is the highland ____32____: gravel (砾石), stones and rocks.____33____ you climb into an arctic-like zone with ____34____ snow and the glaciers. Does Kilimanjaro ____35____ its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace? I found the opposite to be true. 21. A. keep B. mix C. connect D. bring 22. A. stories B. buildings C. crowds D. reporters 23. A. position B. age C. face D. name 24. A. new B. special C. significant D. necessary 25. A. paying off B. spreading out C. blowing up D. fading away 26. A. atmosphere B. experience C. experiment D. sight 27. A. studied B. observed C. explored D. regarded 28. A. view B. quality C. reason D. purpose 29. A. scientists B. climbers C. locals D. officials 30. A. holding on to B. going back to C. living up to D. giving way to 31. A. match B. imagine C. count D. add 32. A. village B. desert C. road D. lake 33. A. Obviously B. Easily C. Consequently D. Finally 34. A. permanent B. little C. fresh D. artificial 35. A. enjoy B. deserve C. save D. acquire 2. 25-26 山东济南市高三4月 阶段性检测英语试题 Menu of success ensures a taste of culture Known for its elegance, Huaiyang cuisine transforms simple ingredients into artistic dishes. A perfect example is chrysanthemum tofu soup (菊花豆腐汤), where a cube of tofu is ____21____ cut into the shape of a flower through 100 precise cuts. This dish not only ____22____ delicious but also shows the highest level of Chinese knife skills. Recently, this very dish ____23____ Dutch Prime Minister Mark Rutte and his team during a lunch in Beijing. The meal ____24____ Huaiyangfu, a restaurant near Shichahai. Head chef Wang Changrong, 48, prepared a ____25____ menu based on seasonal ingredients from the Yangtze River region. The guests had different dietary ____26____ — some were vegetarians, while others avoided pork or seafood — so Wang carefully tailored each dish. The meal included creative dishes like Kalimeris buns with pine nuts for extra aroma (芳香), and tomatoes ____27____ walnut paste. Popular choices like Huaiyang lime beef short ribs were also served. The beef is fried until tender and mixed with a special lime and green pepper sauce, ____28____ a fresh and tasty flavor. Another favorite was stir-fried crab meat on toast, made from the meat and roe of 10 crabs from Gaoyou Lake. According to Wang, Huaiyang cuisine features two types of knife skills. The chrysanthemum tofu shows ____29____ cuts, while dishes like gourd duck with eight treasures require invisible skills — removing bones ____30____ keeping the duck whole. The Dutch ____31____ enjoyed the meal so much that most dishes were finished. For dessert, they ____32____ Kalimeris ice cream and loved it. Since opening eight months ago, the restaurant has hosted many ____33____ officials. Manager Dai Liang has noticed more ____34____ visitors coming after the Spring Festival and Qingming holidays. Many are tourists or business travelers invited by local partners. Vegetable dishes and ____35____ foods like pan-fried buns and plain noodles are especially popular with foreign diners. 21. A. precisely B. purposefully C. carefully D. cautiously 22. A. tastes B. smells C. looks D. frowns 23. A. impressed B. influenced C. informed D. warned 24. A. took pleasure in B. took place at C. replaced with D. took notice of 25. A. private B. changing C. transformative D. special 26. A. needs B. identities C. jobs D. reference 27. A. stuck to B. full of zest for C. owed to D. filled with 28. A. assessing B. creating C. adding D. fulfilling 29. A. valuable B. countless C. visible D. precise 30. A. and B. unless C. while D. whether 31. A. guests B. consumers C. gourmets D. vegetarians 32. A. enjoyed B. tried C. made D. accomplished 33. A. adorable B. foreign C. domestic D. authoritative 34. A. linguistic B. multilateral C. multicultural D. international 35. A. nutrient-rich B. flavor-rich C. herb-integrated D. flour-based 3. 25-26 山东省青岛市部分学校 高三上 1月期末调研 You might be leaving some happiness on the table by doing your everyday activities all by yourself. A new study has found that almost any activity becomes more ____41____ when done with others. The ____42____ of another person makes life’s routines a little brighter. Drawing on data from over 40,000 Americans, the study showed that participants consistently viewed experiences ____43____ social activities as more pleasant. Generally, the effect was ____44____, holding true across data collected over several years (2010, 2012, 2013, and 2021). The only exception came in 2021, when doing food-related chores with others appeared to ____45____ moods. Unsurprisingly, in this respect, the biggest boosts were linked to activities ____46____ by nature. Yet even individual hobbies such as reading saw an increase in happiness when ____47____. Epley, a behavioral scientist in Chicago, observed, “This continues to show how surprisingly positive social ____48____ is.” The lesson, researchers suggest, is to be ____49____. Schedule time with others. Even daily routines can become ____50____. Catch up with a friend on the phone — social contact doesn’t always need to be face-to-face; phone calls also ____51____. Or share a ride home. As Epley puts it: “Having a good life is about ____52____ positive experiences together until it becomes a habit.” In short, happiness may not ____53____ what we do, but who we do it with — a ____54____ that our instinct (本能) for connection remains our most reliable source of ____55____. 41. A. easy B. enjoyable C. efficient D. educational 42. A. advice B. praise C. company D. help 43. A. shaping B. involving C. improving D. impacting 44. A. universal B. immediate C. direct D. predictable 45. A. reflect B. lift C. hide D. dampen 46. A. creative B. colorful C. social D. fun 47. A. discussed B. chosen C. started D. shared 48. A. relationship B. interaction C. awareness D. progress 49. A. intentional B. patient C. brave D. careful 50. A. challenges B. experiences C. tasks D. opportunities 51. A. exist B. appear C. count D. change 52. A. describing B. stringing C. mixing D. celebrating 53. A. result in B. consist of C. lie in D. begin with 54. A. reminder B. sign C. rule D. secret 55. A. courage B. pride C. hope D. joy 4. 2026届 广东深圳市高三年级第二次调研考试英语试卷 From popular tracks to remote valleys, weary hikers can always find a hut (小屋) to rest in New Zealand’s countryside. But the hut network is too vast for the government to ____21____, so ordinary people are stepping in. Among them is Suzie Bell, who began hiking in 2010 and was ____22____ by the huts at first sight. “I was just blown away when I ____23____ a hut in the middle of nowhere. I ____24____ in it for next to nothing,” Bell recalled. She later learned there are around 950 huts across the country, most of which are ____25____ only on foot. Hikers are welcome to use most of them ____26____. Bell wanted to give something back and ____27____ the Love Our Huts campaign. The ____28____ was started by an outdoor recreation advocacy group in 2024, and more than 300 people have signed up for it. “We really ____29____ our huts. They’re part of our cultural heritage,” said Bell. Sustaining the hut network is ____30____ due to its size and remoteness. Each summer, Bell and her husband ____31____ for five hours into the hills to wipe down beds, clean windows and pull out weeds. They are delighted to offer their ____32____ to keep their much-loved huts safe and clean. So far this summer, more than 500 huts have been tidied up by ____33____. What they do ____34____ the Māori concept of kaitiakitanga, where, as caretakers of the environment, we must ____35____ it for future generations. 21. A. present B. evaluate C. arrange D. maintain 22. A. inspired B. amazed C. shocked D. confused 23. A. took over B. picked out C. came across D. searched for 24. A. stayed B. waited C. survived D. exercised 25. A. admirable B. suitable C. accessible D. comfortable 26. A. in vain B. in advance C. for free D. for good 27. A. started B. joined C. accepted D. reported 28. A. initiative B. assignment C. experiment D. discussion 29. A. miss B. value C. clean D. decorate 30. A. practical B. unnecessary C. demanding D. impossible 31. A. train B. drive C. camp D. hike 32. A. labour B. knowledge C. opportunity D. patience 33. A. locals B. neighbours C. tourists D. volunteers 34. A. reflects B. ignores C. tests D. contradicts 35. A. change B. protect C. design D. monitor 第03讲 完形填空 — 夹叙夹议文 · 考情分析 夹叙夹议文类完形填空的三种结构特点 1. 事例 → 观点： 1）先叙述一件事情 2）再针对这件事情发表自己的看法或揭示生活的真理 2. 观点 → 事例： 1）先提出一种观点或看法 2）再围绕这一观点或看法用具体的事例来说明 3）一般是一个事例，有时也会有几个事例从不同的侧面加以说明 3. 观点 → 事例 → 观点： 1）首先提出一种观点或看法 2）然后用事例说明 3）最后再进一步阐述或总结此观点或看法 · 考点一 利用主题语境下的价值观解题 知识点1完形填空夹叙夹议文的特点： 夹叙夹议类的文章通常采用叙议结合的写作方法，文章先进行叙述，然后再在段落的结尾或文章的末尾展开议论，说明故事所包含的哲理或总结出作者的观点。记叙和议论在文中交错运用，有的是以议论引出记叙，有的是在记叙的基础上发表议论。阅读此类文章时，考生要重点关注议论的部分，从而总结出文章的主旨。 1.事例→观点：文章首先叙述主人公经历的一件事情或所见所闻，然后针对这一事件发表自己的观点和看法，从而最终揭示一定的生活哲理。 2.观点→事例：先提出一种观点或看法，然后围绕这一观点或看法用具体的事例来进行说明，一般是一个事例，也可能是几个事例从不同角度和侧面进行说明。 3.观点→事例→观点：首先提出一种观点或看法，然后用事例进行说明，最后再进一步阐释或者总结归纳自己的观点态度或看法。 夹叙夹议文既有记叙文的特点又有议论文的某些特征：记叙和议论在文中交错运用，其写作结构一般有下列几种：“先叙后议”“先议后叙”或“叙议交替”。较之记叙文类完形填空，夹叙夹议文类完形填空的解题难度要大得多。因而，夹叙夹议文往往是最容易造成考生失分的一种文体。 夹叙夹议类完形填空题除了具有记叙文类完形填空题的特点外，还有需要特别注意的是：解题时读懂全文的清晰思路，抓文意——理文脉——析文法，沿着“三文”的阅读思路，就能够有效提高完形填空解题的准确率。 “文意”是短文所要表达的主题意义，是作者情感态度的流露，是对具体事件的意义的升华；“文脉”即短文内容发展的线索脉络，是连接短文各个部分的主要线索；“文法”是短文的写作结构和表达手法。总之，结合首句能比较快速而有效地抓住主题，从而理解大体的“文意”；通过串联各段中的小语境梳理短文的“文脉”，结合作者的“文法”，把握故事发展的情节，感受作者的情感态度，领会作者要表达的真实意图。 知识点2 完形填空夹叙夹议文的命题规律： （一）命题规律 1.先叙述作者自己的某一个生活经历或见闻，然后针对这一事件发表自己对生活的看法，或揭示生活的真理。 2.作者先提出一种观点或看法，然后围绕这一观点或看法用具体的事例加以说明，有时也可能是用几个事例从不同的侧面来说明。 3.提出一种观点或见解，然后用某一事例来阐述这一观点，最后再进一步地总结和升华。 此类完形填空三种结构特点如下表： 1 事例—观点 先叙述作者自己亲历或所见所闻的一件事情，然后针对这件事情发表自己对生活的看法，或揭示生活的真理。 2 观点—事例 先提出一种观点或看法，然后围绕这一观点或看法用具体的事例来说明，一般是一个事例，有时也会用几个事例从不同的侧面加以说明。 3 观点—事例—观点 提出一种观点或看法，然后用事例说明，最后再进一步阐述或总结自己的观点。 （二）应试策略 1. 抓住作者在第一句话中交代的人物的姓名、身份、业绩或事件发生的时间、地点、事件的发生、发展以及最后得出的结果。 2.不仅要理解文章的字面意思，更重要的是挖掘文章的内涵，尤其要体味议论部分，因为该部分往往是文章的升华。 3. 要跟着作者的思路读全文，思维要有灵活性，要随着记叙与议论的转换，及时调整思维方式。 知识点3 利用主题语境下的价值观解题 主题语境下的价值观是指反映三大主题语境的话题语篇所体现的“真善美”的品德与道德观念和价值取向，具体包括真诚、善良、无私、美好、和谐、乐观等积极向上的优秀道德品质。具备正确的价值观符合高考在语篇选材上体现“立德树人”的根本要求。文章常在尾段升华主旨，点明中心，因此，在解答完形填空结尾部分的题目时，考生可以上升到价值观高度来确定正确答案。 · 考点二 利用主题语域内的话题词解题 主题语境下的话题词是指语篇话题内容上最可能使用的常用词汇，是阐述语篇内容的骨干支撑词汇，这些骨干词汇形成一定的语域而服务于语篇主题。考生在解答完形填空时可以根据文章话题调动语域内的话题词来确定答案。这就要求考生具备丰富的词汇量。 · 考点三 利用前瞻后望找线索解题 完形填空（Cloze Test）是语言测试中常见的题型，要求考生通过上下文线索补全缺失的词汇。“前瞻后望”法是一种高效的解题策略，强调通过分析空缺处前后的信息（即上下文）来推断答案。 前瞻（Look Forward） 阅读空缺处之后的句子或段落，寻找与答案直接相关的提示词（如同义词、反义词、解释性语句、逻辑连接词等）。 后望（Look Backward） 回顾空缺处之前的内容，分析已给出的信息（如主语、动词、固定搭配、语法结构等），确保答案与上文一致。 完形填空题主要考查学生对语境的理解能力，所以空处的前后多有暗示(下文暗示上文的居多)。学生在做题时，一定要从整体上把握文章的内容，弄清文章的结构和文章的内在逻辑关系。 · 考点四 利用情感态度解题 每篇夹叙夹议文章都会涉及到文章作者的思想情感，都会触景生情，因故事而感慨情感的流露。抓住夹叙夹议文章中作者发表议论的部分，搜寻其情感走势是解题的关键。通常都是积极向上的励志文章，所以作者总是流露出对美好生活的追求和人生哲理的感慨。 夹叙夹议完形填空所表达的内容都有一定的褒贬性，这种褒贬性反映了作者的特定心理、情绪状态和写作意图，因此利用文章内容的褒贬性就能对文章进行准确的逻辑判断，从而在理解文意并准确传递文意的基础上推断出答案。 · 考点五 利用逻辑关系解题 完形填空的句子内部、句与句之间以及段落之间往往都存在一定的逻辑关系，有些题目就是考查这些逻辑关系，因此可以借助并列连词和从属连词等表示逻辑关系的标志词，理清上下文逻辑关系，快速解题。 实战闯关·模考特训 1. 25-26 浙江省精诚联盟高三上学期一模 As I get older it seems that time is speeding up. Life gets busier and it can be ____41____ to carve out precious family time. Between practices, work commitments, homework and everyday life, it’s easy to get a little — okay a lot — ____42____. My husband and I were discussing that in the new year we ____43____ to focus more on meaningful family experiences and it got me ____44____: If I had one day free from any ____45____, what would we choose to do as a family? Recently as I went through Instagram looking at my friends’ holiday ____46____, it struck me that we all have ____47____ interests and hobbies. One family made time for a family backpacking adventure. Another one travelled across the country to ____48____ a sporting event. So there’s no one “____49____ family activity” — your ideas may differ significantly from others’ and that’s great! ____50____ my family, if we could do anything together for a day, Disneyland would probably be our ____51____ choice. But if we are keeping it local (and a lot less expensive and more relaxing), I think we would ____52____ sleeping in, lunch out together at our favorite restaurant, an afternoon movie and the chance to just ____53____ with one another. What would you do if you could spend a whole day with your family? Your ideas may be small or ____54____. The beauty of this question is there is no ____55____ answer. 41. A. difficult B. strange C. important D. possible 42. A. absorbed B. distracted C. confused D. discouraged 43. A. failed B. wanted C. pretended D. managed 44. A. working B. dreaming C. begging D. thinking 45. A. troubles B. expectations C. obligations D. pressures 46. A. budgets B. plans C. destinations D. activities 47. A. exciting B. wide C. common D. different 48. A. attend B. cancel C. host D. schedule 49. A. meaningful B. simple C. perfect D. unique 50. A. Apart from B. As for C. Thanks to D. Instead of 51. A. last B. convenient C. obvious D. only 52. A. go with B. put up with C. object to D. get used to 53. A. connect B. cooperate C. reason D. side 54. A. valuable B. practical C. creative D. grand 55. A. quick B. wrong C. complete D. direct 2. 25-26 福建省全国名校联盟 ⾼三上 期中考 They keep appearing in my feed: charming pictures of cheerful children as they dive into a water park or dig into an ice cream treat. Such a post from a friend ____21____ me this afternoon. Her son seemed ____22____, yet the words felt heavy: “This is in case he tells a psychologist about his ____23____ childhood someday.” The words settled deep within me. As a psychologist and parent, I ____24____ this urge too well. There has been a lot of parent shaming and ____25____ nowadays, creating a sense that every parent is potentially going to be ____26____. It makes sense for someone facing judgment to prepare their ____27____ for the defense as early as possible. How often had I, too, ____28____ my social media posts to prove my children’s happiness — and my own worth? But photos capture (捕捉) only expressions, not ____29____. A teen can pose with cousins smiling while feeling _____30_____ unseen. Security grows not from delicate pictures, but from genuine connection— from being truly _____31_____ and appreciated in daily life. That evening, I put my phone away and sat with my daughter. “Tell me about your day.” I said. Surprise flashed across her face, then gradually turned into _____32_____ as she began to share her world, even the _____33_____ parts — about arguments with friends and the pressures in study. I listened without _____34_____ the moment on a device. Our conversation wasn’t perfect, but honest. And in her eyes, I saw something reassuring — _____35_____, which means so much more to me than any online approval. 21. A. amused B. concerned C. confused D. comforted 22. A. nervous B. grateful C. curious D. joyful 23. A. busy B. adventurous C. difficult D. quiet 24. A. understood B. ignored C. resisted D. controlled 25. A. investing B. coaching C. judging D. struggling 26. A. on trial B. at ease C. in charge D. under threat 27. A. speech B. evidence C. strategy D. budget 28. A. deleted B. analyzed C. reviewed D. polished 29. A. lessons B. concepts C. choices D. emotions 30. A. totally B. randomly C. casually D. suddenly 31. A. informed B. valued C. educated D. celebrated 32. A. panic B. regret C. relief D. pride 33. A. unreasonable B. unimportant C. unavailable D. unpleasant 34. A. recording B. assessing C. choosing D. recalling 35. A. passion B. trust C. desire D. sympathy 3. 2026届 福建厦门市高中毕业班适应性练习 Last week, my son started kindergarten. The school had so many ____21____ — a library, an art room, shelves of learning materials. But as he marked this milestone, I had ____22____ emotions. I was excited for him, yet I couldn’t help but ____23____ my first day in my home country of Uganda. It was a very ____24____ experience. As a kid, I ____25____ with my uncle’s family in another county, where school options were better. On the first day, my cousin ____26____ the long miles to school with me. I began my ____27____ in a classroom with a dirt floor and no ceiling. Every morning, we had to sweep the classroom. It taught me to take care of the space around me, to be ____28____, even with very little. Yet I dreamed of one day going to school ____29____ nothing but curiosity. When I was 19, my dream ____30____. With the support of a generous Floridian couple, I stepped foot into Tallahassee Community College. I remembered that first semester, ____31____ as I walked the campus, marveling (感到惊奇) at the library, the technology and the insightful professors. Watching my son step into kindergarten felt like witnessing the ____32____ I’d carried for years — one I wish every child could one day live. I knew every mile I’d walked, ____33____ or metaphorically, led to this. I also remembered those who made this ____34____. It was their act of kindness that ____35____ a future I once thought impossible. 21. A. resources B. devices C. opportunities D. buildings 22. A. conflicting B. strange C. similar D. mixed 23. A. record B. spend C. save D. recall 24. A. pleasant B. different C. inspiring D. regretful 25. A. lived B. traveled C. played D. worked 26. A. explored B. walked C. enjoyed D. counted 27. A. adventure B. research C. performance D. education 28. A. grateful B. hopeful C. responsible D. satisfied 29. A. expressing B. offering C. carrying D. learning 30. A. slipped away B. came true C. turned sour D. started off 31. A. wide-eyed B. light-hearted C. absent-minded D. tight-lipped 32. A. weight B. promise C. dream D. potential 33. A. literally B. generally C. frankly D. strictly 34. A. simple B. clear C. special D. possible 35. A. defined B. renewed C. unlocked D. predicted 4. 25-26 山东师范大学附属中学 高三上 10月阶段测试 A few years ago, I stood underneath a red overhanging cliff near my hometown, Carbondale, Colo. I was tied in, ready to ____41____. I was attempting to do a route first try. It would have been a tough struggle for me to manage hard climbs. What you need was ____42____. No interference. ____43____ I was about to climb, nerves in my body, which I hadn’t felt yet, said hello. That’s not good for any athlete. ____44____, I painted a coat of confidence on my inner walls of doubt. I visualized myself at the top, celebrating. “You can do this,” I ____45____ told myself. “If you believe, success is certain.” It didn’t work. I fell near the top. Defeated, I laid myself ____46____ on the ground and realized with the calmness I was seeking minutes earlier that the desire to climb the route had ____47____ me doing it. At that moment, my self-worth was associated ____48____ my success or failure, and that ____49____ a chain reaction: unnatural desire, pressure, performance anxiety, anticipation, a mind keen on the top but a body ____50____ below, bad decision-making, irregular movement, distraction, frustration. All in that order, too. On a whim(灵机一动), I told myself that on my next attempt, success or failure was ____51____. “Make one move at a time. That’s all.” It worked. I floated to the top with calmness and amazement. That moment ____52____ me thinking. At some point, I explained this experience for myself in terms of simple arithmetic(算术): When I added“determination, perseverance, ____53____, desire”, I failed. When I ____54____the desire for success, my body moved more smoothly and naturally. I improved. I enjoyed it more as well, which, as a(n) ____55____ of 30 years, I didn’t think was possible. I discovered the power of subtraction(减法). 41. A. dive B. jump C. climb D. slip 42. A. independence B. calmness C. courage D. praise 43. A. When B. Though C. While D. So 44. A. Anxious B. Desperate C. Dedicated D. Annoyed 45. A. silently B. secretly C. devotedly D. determinedly 46. A. flat B. deep C. plain D. straight 47. A. kept B. insisted C. prevented D. suggested 48. A. to B. on C. up D. with 49. A. give off B. give out C. set off D. set out 50. A. circling B. collapsing C. struggling D. shouting 51. A. irrelevant B. irregular C. unnatural D. unusual 52. A. had B. set C. made D. forced 53. A. self-respect B. self-control C. self-defense D. self-confidence 54. A. put away B. took away C. took off D. put off 55. A. athlete B. advisor C. climber D. writer 5. 25-26 湖北省名校联盟（圆创）高三下 5月质检 Last summer, I was watering a tomato planter (花盆) when I spotted them — a bunch of newborn rabbits. Five tiny bodies gathered closely, ___21___ of the world around them. For two weeks, I watched them from a distance. At first, they stayed hidden under large leaves, their mother ___22___ occasionally. She was always ___23___, watching from the edge of the yard, a frozen figure at dusk. She never approached while I was there, but her ___24___ was a constant, staring weight. One day, a rabbit was standing on the planter’s edge, unsure whether to jump or not. ___25___, one by one, the rabbits leapt from the planter. Some ___26___ smoothly, while others fell. The last one ___27___ the longest, shaking slightly at the edge. I silently urged it on. You can do it! Then, it did. Watching them, I realized how much we like to believe life is built on ___28___ and control. Yet many of the experiences that shape us are leaps into the ___29___. When I was younger, I thought courage meant being fearless. Now I know it means being afraid and _____30_____ anyway. The rabbits did not leap because they felt safe. They leapt because staying put was not a/an _____31_____. Growth requires _____32_____. The leap is often where a new life _____33_____. We all live on the edge of our own planters. When the moment comes, I hope I remember that fear is not always a signal to _____34_____, but a sign that you are standing on the edge of something worth _____35_____. 21. A. unsure B. unaware C. fond D. tired 22. A. relaxing B. following C. appearing D. leaping 23. A. impatient B. careful C. curious D. ready 24. A. presence B. guidance C. silence D. defence 25. A. Obviously B. Fortunately C. Eventually D. Consequently 26. A. ran B. landed C. climbed D. escaped 27. A. hesitated B. anticipated C. searched D. doubted 28. A. fighting B. planning C. rushing D. dreaming 29. A. truth B. goal C. future D. unknown 30. A. moving forward B. giving up C. calming down D. looking back 31. A. excuse B. problem C. mistake D. option 32. A. motion B. passion C. stimulation D. dedication 33. A. lasts B. evolves C. begins D. exists 34. A. fail B. adapt C. withdraw D. reflect 35. A. staring at B. waiting for C. relying on D. stepping into 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 第三部分 完形填空 第01讲 完形填空 — 记叙文 · 考情分析 完形填空记叙文：考查在具体语境中理解词语表达的得体性和准确性 年份 卷别 体裁 主题 文章词数 2026 全国I卷 记叙文 讲述作者离家读大学后，慢慢感念故乡小镇生活的珍贵与美好 254 全国II卷 记叙文 作者原本自认没有写作天赋，放弃文学选择从教，后来一位学生的提问点醒了她，最终重拾写作梦想、勇敢追梦的故事 238 浙江1月卷 记叙文 讲述厄休拉求职不顺后，结合农场成长背景萌生农业旅游创业想法，说服家人后创办向日葵农场，农场成名成热门目的地，还让游客感受农场魅力、重拾农耕联结 236 2025 全国I卷 记叙文 免费赠送旧物获得快乐的故事 240 全国II卷 记叙文 一位65岁的老奶奶坚持健身 218 浙江1月卷 记叙文 与陌生人分享美食并结交新朋友的故事 206 2024 新课标I卷 记叙文 凡是要有自己主见 234 新课标II 记叙文 友善行为美食力量 227 全国甲卷 记叙文 厨房里的祖母聊天 276 浙江1月卷 记叙文 火车上偶遇了一个年轻的中国男子的故事 226 根据新高考三年的考情分析，完形填空记叙文主要集中考查：动词及动词短语、名词、形容词、副词等实词在完形填空语篇中的上下文中的得体使用，考查的关键不是同义词辨析，是在具体语境中理解词语表达的得体性和准确性。考查以语篇内容理解为主，注重对文章语境的理解和把握。从表面看考学生的词汇知识，实际上是以文章为裁体，全面考察学生对文章的总体把握和全面理解，同时还考察学生的逻辑分析，推理等思维能力。 · 完形填空分析 1. 关键能力：1）语篇理解能力； 2）语言分析能力 2. 解题思路： 1）宏观上：把握文章结构；了解文章发展脉络 2）微观上：分析句子内部的逻辑关系； 分析句子之间的逻辑关系； 分析段落之间的逻辑关系 3. 备考策略： 1）重视词汇学习： ① 文章与选项包含的词汇量大，考查细致 ② 注意词汇的拓展意义、多义词、熟词生义等 2）强化专题训练： ① 加强针对性的专题训练，提高篇章意识，培养逻辑思维能力 ② 完形填空多是向善、励志的文本，选题时注意文章的立意 3）增加阅读量：大量接触地道的语言材料，体会异国文化，培养语感 4）记叙文、夹叙夹议文为主：侧重记叙文、夹叙夹议文，适当兼顾议论文、说明文 · 考点一 考查利用词汇复现解题 知识点1 记叙文的特点 记叙文常见的故事基本上是积极向上的励志类型的小故事。从叙事方式来看，故事内容基本都遵循“起-承-转-合”的常见记叙文写作思路。从正负态度来解释，则可分为两种模式:一种为“负-正”，即故事开始就是“坏事”，后来转变为“好事”；另一种是“正-负-正”，即文章开始平静祥和，中间经历挫折、困难，最终迎来光明美好的结局。两种模式的共同点在于，无论故事如何开篇，过程都会经历曲折，结尾必然收获美好、充满希望。总之，完形填空的选材基本都是积极向上、引人向善的文章。了解这些有助于考生理解文章内容、把握主人公情感走向，进而帮助解题。 考查以语篇内容理解为主，注重对文章语境的理解和把握。从表面看考学生的词汇知识，实际上是以文章为裁体，全面考察学生对文章的总体把握和全面理解，同时还考察学生的逻辑分析，推理等思维能力。 知识点2 利用词汇复现解题 词汇复现包括原词复现、同义词复现、同根词复现、概括词复现以及结构复现等。完形填空所选的文章都是具有逻辑关系、意义相连的语篇，因此，在行文中不可避免地会出现词语的复现、前后同义或反义、相互照应等现象。所以，解题时应联系上下文寻找相关线索，如某一个词的原词、指代词、同义词、近义词、上义词、下义词和概括词等。但由于我们在做题时不可能总是重复地阅读文章，因此，在做完形填空时要培养一种捕捉并记忆相关信息的能力。 （1）原词或同根词复现 原词或同根词复现是指相同的单词或同根词在原文中反复出现，达到衔接文章的目的。 （2）同义词或近义词复现 同义词或近义词复现是指意义相同或相近的单词在原文中反复出现，以达到衔接文章的目的。在做完形填空试题时，就可以利用这种衔接方式找到要填入单词的同义词或者近义词，从而也就找到了试题的答案。这也包括了同源词复现，即相同词根构成的不同词性的单词在文章中反复出现。 （3）反义词复现 反义词复现是指和前文中词义相反的单词在原文中出现，以达到衔接文章的目的。我们可以利用这一衔接手段在文章中寻找要填入单词的反义词。 （4）结构复现 有时空格处的信息并不局限于与前一句中某个信息点的重复，可能是与前几句中的某个信息点的重复，也不局限于同词复现或同义复现，甚至连句式结构都非常类似。 · 考点二 考查利用逻辑关系解题 完形填空首先考查的就是考生对文章的理解能力。因此考生在做完形填空时，应把它看作一个意思连贯、结构完整的语篇，而不是单项填空。做题时要善于利用段首句或首段最大限度地获取信息。完形填空的首句或前几句话一般都是完整的，为考生提供足够的信息去挖掘文章的思路，而且，这里往往包含主题句，为理解文章大意和主要内容提供必要的线索。此外，完形填空是具有完整内容且按照一定思路发展的文章，各段及各句之间都有逻辑上的必然联系，因此还要注意把握文章发展的基本线索，搞清段与段、句与句之间的逻辑关系。答题时， 考生首先要树立起语篇概念，抓住文章主题思想，理清其结构布局， 明辨句子之间以及段落之间的关系，利用句与句、句群与句群之间的逻辑关系解题。句子之间的逻辑关系主要包括： 1. 并列关系(连接词有and，while等)；转折关系(连接词有but，however，whereas，nevertheless等)； 2. 因果关系(连接词有so，therefore，thus，because, for，since，as等)； 3. 让步关系(连接词或短语有though，although，despite, in spite of等)； 4. 条件关系(连接词或短语有if，unless, once，provided that，in case of等)； 5. 解释关系(连接词或短语有i.e.，that is to say, in other words等)； 6. 顺序关系(连接词有before，after，and，first，second，then，next, finally等)。 完形填空的句子内部、句与句之间以及段落之间往往都存在一定的逻辑关系，有些题目就是考查这些逻辑关系，因此可以借助并列连词和从属连词等表示逻辑关系的标志词，理清上下文逻辑关系，快速解题。 · 考点三 利用情感态度解题 在完形填空中,我们一定要在快速阅读文章的过程中，仔细找出能够反映作者态度和感情色彩的重要词汇,它们往往是名词、形容词、副词或动词。这些词汇通常是我们做题时重要的参照线索,可以帮助我们快速确定某些题目的正确答案。 每篇完形填空所表达的内容都有一定的褒贬性，这种褒贬性反映了作者的特定心理、情绪状态和写作意图，因此利用文章内容的情感态度的相关词汇就能对文章进行准确的逻辑判断，从而在理解文意并准确传递文意的基础上推断出答案。 情感态度： ①关注故事的转折点和相关人物的情绪变化； ②判断作者与文中其他人物的情感态度； ③积累表达“爱憎好恶”的词汇和固定短语。 · 考点四 考查利用文章的主题解题 高考英语记叙文完形填空每篇文章都会表达一个明确的主题，都会通过故事讲述突出一个中心思想，既然文章的写作的目的是为了表达自己的中心思想，那么这个文章的主线都应该围绕这个中心展开。这样以来，完形填空中大部分词语都会围绕这个中心主题选。这也符合一致性原则。 · 考点五 考查利用上下文语境解题 利用上下文语境解题 完形填空题主要考查学生对语境的理解能力，所以空处的前后多有暗示(下文暗示上文的居多)。学生在做题时，一定要从整体上把握文章的内容，弄清文章的结构和文章的内在逻辑关系。 · 考点六 考查利用习语搭配解题 利用习语搭配解题 英语语言中的很多词汇均以短语搭配的形式出现，完形填空中的词汇也不例外。很多时候，在分析语境、理清空白处含义的基础上，利用对词汇前后搭配的分析可以快速、准确地推断完形填空的未知信息。所谓前后搭配主要是指动词(名词、形容词等)与介词的搭配、动词与其宾语的搭配、句式结构和各种习惯搭配。在解答完形填空题时，充分考虑这些搭配关系，有助于我们做出正确选择。 值得注意的是：英语完形填空中的词义辨析，大多是利用短语和语境解题，与词义辨析没什么关系。 · 考点七 考查利用生活常识解题 利用生活常识解题 跨文化思考意识是中学英语《新课程标准》中要求的基本准则之一。因此考生在备考过程中，应该有意识地利用有关资料，了解一些有关中西方文化差异的知识来完善自己的知识系统。完形填空题中有时就渗透着相关的，如科学、历史、文化、风俗民情等方面的知识。如果考生掌握了丰富的文化背景知识和生活常识，就具备了一定的判断能力，可以大大简化复杂的分析过程和判断过程。这就要求考生平时既要多体验生活，又要扩大阅读面，增强自己这方面的知识储备，避免常识性错误。同时，还要注意中西方文化的差异，避免出现汉语式表达或理解。 完形填空题所选的文章多是具有一定故事情节和教育意义的记叙文，这些语篇都非常贴近学生的生活，涉及日常生活常识的试题就在所难免。所以考生在解题时，可以根据这些常识做出正确选择。 完形填空的语篇信息常交织渗透着各类相关的文化背景知识：有些选项的设置与文化背景有关，这就要求考生有较宽的知识面，同时具备一定的文化意识，特别要有对英语国家文化的敏感性和鉴别力，只有这样才能既快又准确地解题。 【总结方法】 生活是一本书，世事洞明皆学问。完形填空的语篇中往往渗透着三者如文化科学、历史地理、风俗民情等方面的知识。能够根据生活常识答题，也是完形填空要考查的一个方面。学生在把握全文意思的基础上，有时还需要根据生活常识和一般情理进行选择。 背景知识：①考虑文化背景； ②联系生活常识； ③结合语境，做出合乎情理的判断 实战闯关·模考特训 1. 2026届 苏锡常镇四市高三下学期教学情况调研（一） Last week, my decades-old fiddle leaf ficus tree (琴叶榕) was dying. I texted my neighbor Karen. She texted me back ____41____ to teach me how to make the yellow return to green. I was ____42____ to have a neighbor who cared about my plants. When my family moved here in 2017, Karen created a detailed map of the homes surrounding us, so I could become ____43____ with the other neighbors. Karen wanted to help create a sense of ____44____, and she wasn’t going to leave it up to ____45____. Soon after we moved in, Karen began ____46____ when I was in the yard. I loved flowers as much as Karen did. I was a gardener before I became a caregiver to my 10-year-old daughter, who had a rare ____47____. I didn’t have much time for ____48____ at that time. Karen ____49____ what it took to care for a person with disabilities. Yet Karen went even further — she helped us ____50____ an uplifting landscape. Now, my home is flanked (两侧环绕) with deep-pink roses that climb up almost as tall as the roof. It was Karen and I who planted them together several years ago. When I look at those long-lasting flowers, I know I am not ____51____. Sometimes, my husband and I think about ____52____ to a bigger house, especially during the long Minnesota winters. Having a neighbor like Karen is one good reason to ____53____ where we are. She makes me want to be a better neighbor. Most importantly, a better ____54____. She makes me want to be like those ____55____ that climb up the front of my home, displaying something beautiful. 41. A. hesitantly B. instantly C. eventually D. gradually 42. A. cautious B. lucky C. curious D. optimistic 43. A. strict B. patient C. content D. familiar 44. A. achievement B. humor C. belonging D. satisfaction 45. A. chance B. expectation C. standard D. challenge 46. A. showing off B. dropping by C. standing by D. putting off 47. A. habit B. disease C. talent D. opportunity 48. A. reading B. cleaning C. chatting D. gardening 49. A. understood B. predicted C. forgot D. complained 50. A. create B. imagine C. preserve D. assess 51. A. busy B. ready C. lazy D. alone 52. A. adapting B. returning C. moving D. sticking 53. A. rest B. wait C. stay D. recognize 54. A. human B. gardener C. caregiver D. mother 55. A. leaves B. roses C. trees D. weeds 【答案】41-45. B B D C A 46-50. B B D A A 51. D C C A B 【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了邻居凯伦对作者一家的热心帮助及影响。 【41题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：她立刻回复我，教我如何让黄色变回绿色。A. hesitantly犹豫地；B. instantly立刻；C. eventually最终；D. gradually逐渐地。根据上文“She texted me back ”和下文“have a neighbor who cared about my plants”可知，邻居很热心，看到消息后应该是立刻回复，故选B。 【42题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很幸运有一个关心我植物的邻居。A. cautious谨慎的；B. lucky幸运的；C. curious好奇的；D. optimistic乐观的。根据下文“have a neighbor who cared about my plants”可知，有热心帮忙的邻居是幸运的事，故选B。 【43题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：2017年我们家搬到这里时，凯伦制作了一张我们周围房屋的详细地图，这样我就能和其他邻居熟悉起来。A. strict严格的；B. patient耐心的；C. content满足的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据上文“Karen created a detailed map of the homes surrounding us, so I could become”和下文“with the other neighbors”可知，凯伦画了详细的周边房屋地图，这使得作者熟悉其他邻居，become familiar with是固定短语，意为“熟悉”，符合语境，故选D。 【44题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：凯伦想帮助营造一种归属感，而且她不打算听天由命。A. achievement成就；B. humor幽默；C. belonging归属感；D. satisfaction满意。根据上文“Karen created a detailed map of the homes surrounding us”可知，制作地图是为了让邻居间熟悉，营造社区归属感，故选C。 【45题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：凯伦想帮助营造一种归属感，而且她不打算听天由命。A. chance机会；B. expectation期望；C. standard标准；D. challenge挑战。根据上文“Karen created a detailed map of the homes surrounding us, so I could become ______ with the other neighbors. Karen wanted to help create a sense of”可知，leave it up to chance是固定短语，意为“听天由命”，这里表示凯伦不打算听天由命，而是主动营造归属感，故选A。 【46题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们搬进来不久，凯伦就开始在我待在院子里的时候顺道拜访。A. showing off炫耀；B. dropping by顺道拜访；C. standing by支持；D. putting off推迟。根据上文“Soon after we moved in, Karen began”可知，凯伦来院子里应该是顺道拜访，故选B。 【47题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在成为我10岁患有罕见疾病的女儿的照顾者之前，我是一名园丁。A. habit习惯；B. disease疾病；C. talent天赋；D. opportunity机会。根据下文“what it took to care for a person with disabilities”可知，女儿需要照顾，应该是患有疾病，故选B。 【48题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那时我没有太多时间进行园艺活动。A. reading阅读；B. cleaning清洁；C. chatting聊天；D. gardening做园艺。根据前文“I was a gardener before I became a caregiver”提到自己是园丁，可知这里是没有时间进行园艺活动，故选D。 【49题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：凯伦理解照顾残疾人需要付出什么。A. understood理解；B. predicted预测；C. forgot忘记；D. complained抱怨。根据下文“what it took to care for a person with disabilities”可知，照顾残疾人不易，凯伦对此是理解的。故选A。 【50题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，凯伦甚至更进一步——她帮助我们营造了一片令人振奋的景观。A. create创造，营造；B. imagine想象；C. preserve保护；D. assess评估。根据下文“an uplifting landscape. Now, my home is flanked (两侧环绕) with deep-pink roses that climb up almost as tall as the roof.”可知，现在，作者的家两侧是深粉色的玫瑰，几乎和屋顶一样高。此处指凯伦帮助营造景观，故选A。 【51题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我看着那些持久的花朵时，我知道我并不孤单。A. busy忙碌的；B. ready准备好的；C. lazy懒惰的；D. alone孤单的。根据前文“It was Karen and I who planted them together several years ago. When I look at those long-lasting flowers, I know I am not”凯伦帮助自己可知，这里表示自己不孤单，故选D。 【52题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时，我丈夫和我想搬到更大的房子，尤其是在明尼苏达州漫长的冬天。A. adapting适应；B. returning返回；C. moving搬家；D. sticking坚持。根据下文“to a bigger house”可知，此处指想搬家到更大的房子，故选C。 【53题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一个像凯伦这样的邻居是我们留在这里的一个好理由。A. rest休息；B. wait等待；C. stay停留；D. recognize认出。根据上文“Having a neighbor like Karen is one good reason to”和下文“where we are”可知，有这样的好邻居是留在当前住处的原因，故选C。 【54题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：最重要的是，成为一个更好的人。A. human人；B. gardener园丁；C. caregiver照顾者；D. mother母亲。根据上文“Most importantly, a better”和下文“She makes me want to be like those ______ that climb up the front of my home, displaying something beautiful.”可知，凯伦的行为让作者想成为更好的人，故选A。 【55题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她让我想成为那些爬在我家前面的美丽的玫瑰。A. leaves叶子；B. roses玫瑰；C. trees树；D. weeds杂草。根据前文“my home is flanked (两侧环绕) with deep-pink roses”和“that climb up the front of my home, displaying something beautiful”可知，提到家周围有深粉色的玫瑰，可知这里是说玫瑰，故选B。 2. 2026届 苏锡常镇四市2026年5月高三教学情况调研(二) When Legacy Jackson was 2, she and her family spent a cold Christmas morning in downtown. For people in need, they ____41____ hot soup and warm clothes. Legacy’s mom said, “Volunteering is our family ____42____ and it’s just part of who we are.” By the time Legacy was 4, she had started to ____43____ something about the community service events she participated in. There would never be any kids and the projects weren’t really ____44____ and fun for her age group. So she wanted to start a new volunteer group, specifically for kids. With her mom’s help, Little Legacies was finally ____45____ in 2016. Until now, Little Legacies has ____46____ more than 120 service projects, such as making cards for kids in the hospital, collecting ____47____ to fill Little Free Library boxes, and giving gifts during the holidays. One of Legacy Jackson’s favorite events was for International Dance Day in 2023. She helped ____48____ a dance workshop for young people living at Gateway180, a shelter for families experiencing homelessness. About 15 girls attended. Legacy and her volunteers taught them different dances, and ____49____ costumes, makeup and lunch. At the end of the day, these girls put on a performance ____50____. Other events Legacy and her fellow volunteers have hosted at Gateway180 are more casual, where everybody just comes to play and enjoys each other’s ____51____. Legacy is very ____52____ on the kids. She likes seeing kids’ smiling faces. For her, spreading joy and kindness is the ____53____. “I like making other people happy,” she says. “That has to be one of the greatest ____54____.” She doesn’t know exactly how long or how far the group will go, but she is ____55____ of its growth. 41. A. sorted out B. handed out C. found out D. brought out 42. A. celebration B. situation C. tradition D. expectation 43. A. invent B. notice C. remember D. imagine 44. A. challenging B. helpful C. tough D. entertaining 45. A. designed B. reformed C. managed D. launched 46. A. evaluated B. hosted C. reported D. attracted 47. A. toys B. books C. stamps D. coins 48. A. lead B. remove C. describe D. appreciate 49. A. stored B. reserved C. provided D. borrowed 50. A. carefully B. awkwardly C. hurriedly D. successfully 51. A. company B. praise C. memory D. service 52. A. dependent B. hard C. easy D. focused 53. A. fortune B. method C. goal D. difficulty 54. A. rewards B. mistakes C. difficulties D. opportunities 55. A. tired B. proud C. fearful D. unsure 【答案】41-45. B C B D D 46-50. B B A C D 51-55. A D C A B 【解析】【导语】本文讲述了小女孩Legacy Jackson从小跟随家人参加志愿活动，发现缺少适合儿童参与的公益项目后，在母亲帮助下创办儿童志愿组织，开展多项公益活动，她也在传递善意与快乐中实现自我价值的故事。 【41题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：对于有需要的人，他们分发热汤和保暖的衣服。A. sorted out整理；B. handed out分发；C. found out查明；D. brought out使显现。根据前文“For people in need”和后文“hot soup and warm clothes”可知，对于有需要的人应该是分发热汤和保暖的衣服。 【42题详解】 考查名词。句意：Legacy的妈妈说：“志愿服务是我们家的传统，这是我们的一部分。”A. celebration庆祝；B. situation情况；C. tradition传统；D. expectation期望。根据后文“it’s just part of who we are”可知，志愿服务是Legacy家的一部分，说明这是他们家的传统。 【43题详解】 考查动词。句意：到Legacy4岁的时候，她开始注意到她参加的社区服务活动的一些情况。A. invent发明；B. notice注意到；C. remember记得；D. imagine想象。后文“There would never be any kids and the projects weren’t really ____ and fun for her age group.”描述了她观察到的具体问题，这是她“注意到”的现象。 【44题详解】 考查形容词。句意：那里永远不会有孩子，而且这些项目对她这个年龄段的孩子来说并不有趣。A. challenging有挑战性的；B. helpful有帮助的；C. tough艰难的；D. entertaining有趣的。空格与“fun”由“and”连接，构成并列关系，词义应相近。对于一个4岁孩子来说，评价活动好坏的关键在于是否“有趣”。 【45题详解】 考查动词。句意：在妈妈的帮助下，Little Legacies终于在2016年成立了。A. designed设计；B. reformed改革；C. managed管理；D. launched发起，成立。根据前文“So she wanted to start a new volunteer group, specifically for kids.”可知，Legacy想成立一个专门面向孩子的志愿者组织，此处指在妈妈帮助下，该组织在2016年成立。 【46题详解】 考查动词。句意：到目前为止，Little Legacies已经举办了120多个服务项目，比如为医院里的孩子制作卡片，收集书籍来填充小免费图书馆的盒子，以及在节日期间送礼物。A. evaluated评估；B. hosted举办；C. reported报道；D. attracted吸引。根据后文“more than 120 service projects, such as making cards for kids in the hospital, collecting ______ to fill Little Free Library boxes, and giving gifts during the holidays.”可知，为医院里的孩子制作卡片，收集书籍来填充小免费图书馆的盒子，以及在节日期间送礼物等，这些都是Little Legacies举办的服务项目。 【47题详解】 考查名词。句意：到目前为止，Little Legacies已经举办了120多个服务项目，比如为医院里的孩子制作卡片，收集书籍来填充小免费图书馆的盒子，以及在节日期间送礼物。A. toys玩具；B. books书；C. stamps邮票；D. coins硬币。根据后文“to fill Little Free Library boxes”可知，收集书籍来填充小免费图书馆的盒子。 【48题详解】 考查动词。句意：她帮助为住在Gateway180（一个为无家可归家庭提供庇护的地方）的年轻人牵头举办了一个舞蹈研习班。A. lead领导，牵头；B. remove移除；C. describe描述；D. appreciate欣赏。根据后文“Legacy and her volunteers taught them different dances”可知，Legacy和她的志愿者教孩子们跳舞，此处指她主导筹办这场舞蹈活动。 【49题详解】 考查动词。句意：Legacy和她的志愿者教他们不同的舞蹈，并提供服装、化妆品和午餐。A. stored储存；B. reserved保留；C. provided提供；D. borrowed借。根据后文“costumes, makeup and lunch”可知，Legacy为孩子们提供服装、化妆品和午餐。 【50题详解】 考查副词。句意：活动尾声，这些女孩成功地进行了表演。A. carefully仔细地；B. awkwardly笨拙地；C. hurriedly匆忙地；D. successfully成功地。根据前文“Legacy and her volunteers taught them different dances, and ____ costumes, makeup and lunch.”可知，她们做了充分的准备（教舞蹈、提供服装午餐），经过这些准备，最后的表演应该是“成功地”呈现。 【51题详解】 考查名词。句意：Legacy和她的志愿者在Gateway180举办的其他活动更随意，每个人都只是来玩，享受彼此的陪伴。A. company陪伴；B. praise赞扬；C. memory记忆；D. service服务。根据前文“where everybody just comes to play”可知，在随意的聚会中，人们享受的是彼此的“陪伴”。enjoy each other’s company是常见搭配。 【52题详解】 考查形容词。句意：Legacy非常关注孩子们。A. dependent依赖的；B. hard困难的；C. easy容易的；D. focused专注的，关注的。根据后文“She likes seeing kids’ smiling faces.”可知，她的关注点和兴趣都在孩子身上。 【53题详解】 考查名词。句意：对她来说，传播快乐和善良是目标。A. fortune财富；B. method方法；C. goal目标；D. difficulty困难。根据后文“I like making other people happy”可知，Legacy喜欢让别人快乐，说明传播快乐和善良是她的目标。 【54题详解】 考查名词。句意：“我喜欢让别人快乐，”她说。“她说：“那（指让别人快乐）一定是最大的回报之一。”A. rewards 回报，奖赏；B. mistakes错误；C. difficulties困难；D. opportunities机会。根据前文“I like making other people happy”可知，让别人快乐，对从事志愿服务的人来说，是一种精神上的满足和“回报”。 【55题详解】 考查形容词。句意：她不知道这个组织到底能走多久或多远，但她为它的成长感到自豪。A. tired疲惫的；B. proud自豪的；C. fearful害怕的；D. unsure不确定的。根据前文“She doesn’t know exactly how long or how far the group will go”以及转折词but可知，前半句表达了对未来的不确定，但but使语义转折。看到自己创立的组织成长，创始人自然感到“自豪”。 3. 2026届 南通(泰扬盐徐连淮宿)八市 高三第二次调研测试 When I was six years old, my entire body went up in flames. It took me a year of being treated at a number of hospitals to ____41____. I lost all grasp of reality, and tried to ____42____day by day. 我六岁时，全身被火焰吞噬。我在多家医院治疗了一年才康复。我完全失去了对现实的感知，只能努力熬过一天又一天。 ____43____ into society as a young adult was tough. Looking ____44____ meant I got bullied, and I found it hard to get a job. I was sick and tired of the world treating me like a ____45____. That’s when I got the idea to make a change. At 25, I decided to ____46____ my local volunteer fire academy. 作为一个年轻人融入社会是很困难的。看起来与众不同意味着我会被欺负，而且我发现很难找到工作。我受够了这个世界把我当作受害者对待。就在那时，我萌生了做出改变的想法。25岁时，我决定参加选拔当地的志愿消防学院。 Just two weeks into ____47____, I was in a room filled with burning flames. I ____48____ and wasn’t able to move, but when the fire had rolled less than a foot above my head, I had an epiphany (顿悟). For the first time, I turned ____49____ I turned on the hose (消防软管). I’ve kept a photo of myself from that time, walking out of the building ____50____, my fire suit still smoking. 刚训练两周，我就身处一个充满燃烧火焰的房间里。我僵住了，动弹不得，但当火焰在我头顶不到一英尺处翻滚时，我突然顿悟了。平生第一次，我掌控了局面。我打开了消防水带。我保留了一张自己那时的照片，自豪地走出大楼，防火服上还在冒烟。 After 12 weeks of training, I was ____51____ to a fire and rescue station staffed by volunteers. We would be sent to ____52____, often to car fires and small brush fires. I have never felt such unexpected ____53____ from a team, and to this day call my fellow firefighters my brothers and sisters. The fire department taught me about the importance of ____54____. 经过12周的训练，我被分配到一个由志愿者组成的消防与救援站。我们会被派去处理紧急情况，通常是处理车辆火灾和小型灌木丛火灾。我从未从一个团队中感受到如此意想不到的接纳，直到今天，我仍称我的消防员同伴们为兄弟姐妹。消防队教会了我社区的的重要性。 Now I am a peer support specialist, helping people with mental health. I think it is ____55____ that everyone feels in control of their recovery, like I had with mine. 现在，我是一名同伴支持专家，帮助有心理健康问题的人。我认为让每个人都能掌控自己的康复过程是很重要的，就像我掌控自己的康复过程一样。 41. A. recover B. grow C. compare D. volunteer 42. A. forget B. diet C. wander D. survive 43. A. Breaking B. Integrating C. Flooding D. Looking 44. A. smart B. different C. ordinary D. ambitious 45. A. victim B. friend C. liar D. model 46. A. break away from B. put up with C. try out for D. come back to 47. A. discussion B. company C. cooperation D. training 48. A. froze B. laughed C. relaxed D. sighed 49. A. in trouble B. in debt C. in need D. in control 50. A. carelessly B. aimlessly C. proudly D. in control 51. A. limited B. attached C. lost D. addicted 52. A. fairs B. clinics C. emergencies D. strikes 53. A. forgiveness B. acceptance C. competition D. gratitude 54. A. community B. intelligence C. generosity D. insight 55. A. amusing B. natural C. shocking D. important 【答案】41-45. A D B B A 46-50. C D A D C 51-55. B C B A D 【解析】【导语】文章主要讲述了作者历经磨难后成为消防员并助人的励志故事。 【41题详解】 考查动词。句意：我在多家医院治疗了一年才康复。A. recover恢复；B. grow成长；C. compare比较；D. volunteer志愿。根据前文“my entire body went up in flames”可知，作者身体着火，所以需要治疗恢复。 【42题详解】 考查动词。句意：我失去了对现实的认知，日复一日艰难求生。A. forget忘记；B. diet节食；C. wander徘徊；D. survive生存。根据前文“I lost all grasp of reality”可知，作者身受重伤，生活艰难，只能艰难求生。 【43题详解】 考查动词。句意：作为一个年轻人融入社会是很困难的。A. Breaking打破；B. Integrating融入；C. Flooding淹没；D. Looking看。根据后文“into society as a young adult was tough”可知，作为一个年轻人融入社会是很困难的。 【44题详解】 考查形容词。句意：看起来与众不同意味着我会被欺负，而且我发现很难找到工作。A. smart聪明的；B. different不同的；C. ordinary普通的；D. ambitious有野心的。根据后文“I got bullied”可知，作者被欺负，说明他看起来与众不同。 【45题详解】 考查名词。句意：我厌倦了这个世界把我当作受害者。A. victim受害者；B. friend朋友；C. liar说谎者；D. model模特。根据前文“I got bullied”可知，作者被欺负，所以感觉自己像受害者。 【46题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：25岁时，我决定参加当地的志愿者消防学院。A. break away from脱离；B. put up with忍受；C. try out for参加选拔；D. come back to回到。根据后文“my local volunteer fire academy”可知，作者决定参加当地的志愿者消防学院。 【47题详解】 考查名词。句意：仅仅两周的训练，我就置身于一个充满火焰的房间。A. discussion讨论；B. company陪伴；C. cooperation合作；D. training训练。根据后文“I was in a room filled with burning flames”可知，作者决定参加当地的志愿者消防学院，所以是在训练中置身于一个充满火焰的房间。 【48题详解】 考查动词。句意：我僵住了，动弹不得，但当火势在我头顶上方不到一英尺的地方翻滚时，我突然有了顿悟。A. froze僵住；B. laughed笑；C. relaxed放松；D. sighed叹气。根据后文“wasn’t able to move”可知，作者僵住了，动弹不得。 【49题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：我第一次掌控了局面，我打开了消防软管。A. in trouble处于困境；B. in debt负债；C. in need需要；D. in control掌控。根据后文“I turned on the hose”可知，作者打开了消防软管，说明他掌控了局面。 【50题详解】 考查副词。句意：我保留了一张当时的照片，我自豪地走出大楼，消防服还在冒烟。A. carelessly粗心地；B. aimlessly无目的地；C. proudly自豪地；D. in control掌控。根据前文“For the first time, I turned ”和“walking out of the building”可知，作者战胜火焰，内心自豪。 【51题详解】 考查动词。句意：经过12周的训练，我被分配到一个由志愿者组成的消防救援站。A. limited限制；B. attached分配；C. lost失去；D. addicted上瘾。根据后文“to a fire and rescue station staffed by volunteers”可知，作者被分配到一个由志愿者组成的消防救援站。固定搭配be attached to表示“隶属于、被分配到”。 【52题详解】 考查名词。句意：我们会被派去处理紧急情况，通常是汽车火灾和灌木丛火灾。A. fairs集市；B. clinics诊所；C. emergencies紧急情况；D. strikes罢工。根据后文“often to car fires and small brush fires”可知，消防员的工作是处理各类紧急险情，如汽车火灾和灌木丛火灾。 【53题详解】 考查名词。句意：我从未感受到过团队如此意外的接纳，直到今天，我都称我的消防员同伴为兄弟姐妹。A. forgiveness原谅；B. acceptance接纳；C. competition竞争；D. gratitude感激。根据后文“to this day call my fellow firefighters my brothers and sisters”可知，作者称消防员同伴为兄弟姐妹，说明他感受到了团队的接纳。 【54题详解】 考查名词。句意：消防部门让我明白了社区的重要性。A. community社区；B. intelligence智力；C. generosity慷慨；D. insight洞察力。根据前文“I have never felt such unexpected ________ from a team, and to this day call my fellow firefighters my brothers and sisters.”可知，作者感受到了团队的接纳，说明消防部门让他明白了社区的重要性。 【55题详解】 考查形容词。句意：我认为让每个人都能掌控自己的康复过程是很重要的，就像我掌控自己的康复过程一样。A. amusing有趣的；B. natural自然的；C. shocking令人震惊的；D. important重要的。根据后文“everyone feels in control of their recovery, like I had with mine.”可知，作者年少遭遇严重烧伤，后来通过消防员训练实现自我突破、掌控自我状态，所以他认为每个人能掌控自己的康复过程是很重要的。 4. 25-26 南京师大附中、海安中学、天一中学、海门中学 高三联考 In 2007, our family settled in the small town of Busselton. As a new migrant to Australia, the first thing that I wanted to do was ____21____ its wide-open spaces. After hearing a neighbour talk about ____22____ a cycling trail called The Munda Biddi that runs through the bush, I researched the trail and became excited about riding it. I bought some ____23____ and began planning. What I didn’t realize was how ____24____ it was to ride through bush land and forests in the hot season. The Munda Biddi Trail was new, and mobile phone ____25____ along the route was poor. My map reading skills would be put to the test. The terrain (地形) was generally flat, but few navigational landmarks were ____26____ in the thick forests. However, I started ____27____, following the trail to my destination. After a while the trail markers became difficult to find. I hadn’t met any other ____28____ along the route. By midday, the ____29____ became unbearable and my skin was dry and salty. The original ____30____ was to stay overnight at a tourist park near Logue Brook Dam (水坝), but I had no idea where I was. After moving slowly along the sandy trail for about two hours, I was overjoyed to see cycle tracks that looked ____31____. Feeling encouraged, I cycled on, keeping a sharp eye on the tracks, but ____32____ realizing I was back on my own path. Discouraged, I stopped and ____33____ my bike in the open in the hope that it would be seen from the air and rested in the shade. In a half sleep, I heard the ____34____ sound of a motor and looked skywards, but the sound disappeared. A while later I heard it again, but this time it sounded closer. I ____35____ myself up and walked to where the sound was coming. As I reached the top of the hill, I gasped in disbelief: There before me was Logue Brook Dam! 21. A. examine B. extend C. embrace D. enhance 22. A. exploring B. paving C. checking D. building 23. A. books B. bikes C. maps D. sticks 24. A. thrilling B. scary C. risky D. rewarding 25. A. quality B. coverage C. display D. application 26. A. acceptable B. visible C. suitable D. changeable 27. A. cautiously B. eagerly C. steadily D. hesitantly 28. A. drivers B. joggers C. cyclists D. hikers 29. A. heat B. cold C. wind D. rain 30. A. agreement B. routine C. requirement D. plan 31. A. recent B. smooth C. strange D. messy 32. A. turned up B. ended up C. kicked off D. set off 33. A. laid B. fixed C. displayed D. loaded 34. A. familiar B. distinct C. sharp D. distant 35. A. woke B. freed C. warmed D. forced 【答案】21-25. C A C C B 26-30. B B C A D 31-35. A B A D D 【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者作为新移民到澳大利亚后，首次尝试骑行穿越丛林和森林的经历，包括准备、挑战、迷路以及最终获救的过程。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个刚移民到澳大利亚的人，我最想做的一件事就是拥抱它广阔的空间。A. examine检查；B. extend延伸；C. embrace拥抱；D. enhance增强。根据下文“its wide-open spaces”以及“I researched the trail and became excited about riding it”可知，作者热爱骑行，初到新环境，想要“拥抱”这片土地的开阔空间，即尽情享受和体验。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在听到一位邻居谈论探索一条名为The Munda Biddi的穿越丛林的自行车道后，我研究了这条自行车道，并对骑行它感到兴奋。A. exploring探索；B. paving铺路；C. checking检查；D. building建造。根据下文“a cycling trail called The Munda Biddi that runs through the bush”可知，邻居谈论的是“探索”一条穿越丛林的自行车道。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我买了一些地图，并开始计划。A. books书籍；B. bikes自行车；C. maps地图；D. sticks棍子。根据下文“My map reading skills would be put to the test.”可知，作者买了“地图”来规划骑行路线。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我没有意识到的是，在炎热的季节里骑行穿越丛林和森林是多么危险。A. thrilling令人兴奋的；B. scary可怕的；C. risky危险的；D. rewarding值得的。根据下文“it was to ride through bush land and forests in the hot season”以及作者迷路和遭遇困境的描述可知，在炎热的季节里骑行穿越丛林和森林是“危险的”。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：The Munda Biddi Trail是新修的，沿途的手机信号覆盖很差。A. quality质量；B. coverage覆盖；C. display展示；D. application应用。根据下文“along the route was poor”可知，此处指手机信号“覆盖”很差。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：地形总体平坦，但在茂密的森林里几乎看不到导航地标。A. acceptable可接受的；B. visible可见的；C. suitable合适的；D. changeable可变的。根据上文“few navigational landmarks”及下文“in the thick forests”可知，在茂密的森林中，导航地标很少“可见”。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我急切地出发了，沿着小路前往目的地。A. cautiously谨慎地；B. eagerly急切地；C. steadily稳定地；D. hesitantly犹豫地。根据下文“following the trail to my destination”可知，作者“急切地”出发了，想要沿着小路前往目的地。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一路上我没有遇到任何其他骑行者。A. drivers司机；B. joggers慢跑者；C. cyclists骑自行车的人、骑行者；D. hikers徒步旅行者。根据上文“a cycling trail called The Munda Biddi”可知，这是一条自行车道，所以作者一路上没有遇到其他“骑自行车的人、骑行者”。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：到了中午，酷热难耐，我的皮肤又干又咸。A. heat炎热；B. cold寒冷；C. wind风；D. rain雨。根据上文“in the hot season”和“By midday”以及下文“my skin was dry and salty”可知，中午时分“酷热、炎热”难耐。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：原本的计划是在Logue Brook Dam附近的旅游公园过夜，但我不知道自己在哪里。A. agreement协议；B. routine常规；C. requirement要求；D. plan计划。根据下文“to stay overnight at a tourist park near Logue Brook Dam”可知，在Logue Brook Dam附近的旅游公园过夜是作者原本的“计划”。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在沙地上缓慢行进了大约两个小时后，我欣喜地看到了看起来很新的自行车道。A. recent新的、最近的；B. smooth光滑的；C. strange奇怪的；D. messy杂乱的。根据下文“Feeling encouraged, I cycled on”可知，作者迷路后，看到了看起来很“新”的自行车辙，以为是“最近”有人经过，受到了鼓舞，继续骑行。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我受到鼓舞，继续骑行，密切关注车辙，但最终发现自己又回到了原来的路线上。A. turned up出现；B. ended up最终；C. kicked off开始；D. set off出发。根据下文“realizing I was back on my own path”可知，作者“最终”发现自己又回到了原来的路上。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我泄气了，停下来把自行车放在开阔处，希望它能从空中被看到，然后在阴凉处休息。A. laid放置；B. fixed修理；C. displayed展示；D. loaded装载。根据下文“my bike in the open in the hope that it would be seen from the air”可知，作者把自行车“放置”在开阔处，希望它能从空中被看到。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：半睡半醒中，我听到远处传来马达声，抬头望向天空，但声音消失了。A. familiar熟悉的；B. distinct明显的；C. sharp尖锐的；D. distant遥远的。根据下文“but the sound disappeared”可知，作者听到的是“遥远的”马达声。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我强迫自己站起来，走向声音传来的地方。A. woke醒来；B. freed释放；C. warmed温暖；D. forced强迫。根据上文“Discouraged”和“In a half sleep”以及下文“walked to where the sound was coming”可知，作者在疲惫和半睡状态下，“强迫”自己站起来，走向声音传来的地方。故选D。 5. 25-26 浙江省Z20名校联盟(浙江省名校新高考研究联盟)高三上 第一次联考 Karen, 16, was a college freshman in a local university. She was thrilled to earn a ___41___ in the renowned choir for their international tour. However, ___42___ overcame her when she overslept before a key performance at a distant church. Missing the bus, she ___43___ helplessly in her dorm hallway. She had no cars nor friends nearby to help. Ironically, her neighbor Pam emerged, the ___44___ person Karen expected to see. 她非常激动能获得在著名合唱团国际巡演中的一个位置。然而，当她在遥远的教堂参加一场重要演出前睡过头时，恐慌席卷了她。错过了公交车，她在宿舍走廊里无助地来回踱步。具有讽刺意味的是，她的邻居帕姆出现了，她是凯伦最不想见到的人。 Their relationship had been ___45___. Karen’s group frequently disturbed the floor with late-night noise, ___46___ Pam’s requests for quiet. They ___47___ temporarily just long enough to catch their breath — before the disruptions came crashing back in. Now facing ___48___ of her own mistake, Karen awkwardly confessed her dilemma to Pam. 她们的关系一直很紧张。凯伦那伙人经常在深夜制造噪音打扰整层楼的人，对帕姆要求安静的请求置之不理。她们只是暂时安静了一会儿，喘口气 —— 之后噪音又卷土重来。在面临着自己错误的后果，凯伦尴尬地向帕姆坦白了自己的困境。 To her astonishment, Pam offered a ride immediately, which stunned Karen — Why did he extend kindness to someone who had shown ___49___? They raced to Pam’s car and arrived just as the choir entered the church — a miraculous ___50___.令她惊讶的是，帕姆立刻提出要载她一程，这让凯伦很震惊—— 为什么他要对一个毫无善意的人伸出援手？他们冲向帕姆的车，就在合唱团进入教堂时赶到了 —— 一次奇迹般的解救。 Decades later, Karen still ___51___ that gesture. It was never ___52___ a ride, but a profound lesson in grace. Pam’s complaints gave way to forgiveness, ___53___ Karen redemption (救赎) she hadn’t earned. If she could speak to Pam today, Karen would offer an apology for her youthful selfishness, and ___54___ for that transformative compassion. Its ripple effects ___55___ her next thirty years, proving that true mercy bridges divides and heals hearts. 几十年后，凯伦仍然在回想那个举动。这从来不仅仅是一次搭车，而是关于善意的深刻一课。帕姆的抱怨被宽恕取代，给予了凯伦她本不配得的救赎。如果今天能和帕姆说话，凯伦会为自己年轻时的自私道歉，并对那种改变人生的同情表示感谢。它的连锁反应影响了她接下来的三十年，证明真正的仁慈能弥合分歧、治愈心灵。 41. A. spot B. chance C. bonus D. prize 42. A. calmness B. panic C. thrill D. relief 43. A. paced B. stormed C. bounced D. tripped 44. A. best B. worst C. first D. last 45. A. tense B. close C. familiar D. distant 46. A. disapproving B. doubting C. supporting D. dismissing 47. A. stayed B. waited C. paused D. hesitated 48. A. processes B. conclusions C. causes D. consequences 49. A. some B. none C. any D. much 50. A. save B. contribution C. performance D. movement 51. A. calls on B. reflects on C. holds back D. looks back 52. A. totally B. rarely C. merely D. fairly 53. A. gifting B. rewarding C. supplying D. sparing 54. A. complaint B. gratitude C. welcome D. regret 55. A. restricted B. formed C. constructed D. shaped 【答案】41-45. A B A D A 46-50. D C D B A 51-55. B C A B D 【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了凯伦因睡过头遇困，曾关系紧张的邻居帕姆出手相助，该善举影响其数十年的故事。 【41题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她非常激动能获得在著名合唱团国际巡演中的一个位置。A. spot位置；B. chance机会；C. bonus奖金；D. prize奖品。根据后文“in the renowned choir for their international tour”可知，此处指获得合唱团中的一个名额或位置，earn a spot指通过努力、竞争或选拔获得某个资格、位置或机会，故选A。 【42题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，当她在遥远的教堂参加一场重要演出前睡过头时，恐慌席卷了她。A. calmness平静；B. panic恐慌；C. thrill激动；D. relief宽慰。根据前文“overslept before a key performance”可知，睡过头了，关键演出要迟到，所以会恐慌，故选B。 【43题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：错过了公交车，她在宿舍走廊里无助地来回踱步。A. paced踱步；B. stormed猛冲；C. bounced弹跳；D. tripped绊倒。根据后文“helplessly in her dorm hallway”可知，在走廊里无助，应该是来回踱步，故选A。 【44题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：具有讽刺意味的是，她的邻居帕姆出现了，她是凯伦最不想见到的人。A. best最好的；B. worst最差的；C. first第一的；D. last最后的。根据后文“Their relationship had been  5 . Karen’s group frequently disturbed the floor with late-night noise,  6 Pam’s requests for quiet.”和“Karen awkwardly confessed her dilemma to Pam”描述她们关系紧张可知，帕姆是凯伦最不想见到的人，the last person sb. expected to see表示“某人最不想见到的人”，故选D。 【45题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她们的关系一直很紧张。A. tense紧张的；B. close亲密的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. distant遥远的。根据后文“Karen’s group frequently disturbed the floor with late-night noise”可知，凯伦一行人经常深夜制造噪音，所以她们关系紧张，故选A。 【46题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：凯伦那伙人经常在深夜制造噪音打扰整层楼的人，对帕姆要求安静的请求置之不理。A. disapproving不赞成；B. doubting怀疑；C. supporting支持；D. dismissing不予理会，摒弃。结合前文“frequently disturbed the floor with late-night noise”可知，她们不理会帕姆的请求，故选D。 【47题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她们只是暂时安静了一会儿，喘口气 —— 之后噪音又卷土重来。A. stayed停留；B. waited 等待；C. paused暂停（活动）；D. hesitated犹豫。根据后文“before the disruptions came crashing back in”可知，噪音暂时停止了，故选C。 【48题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在面临着自己错误的后果，凯伦尴尬地向帕姆坦白了自己的困境。A. processes过程；B. conclusions结论；C. causes原因；D. consequences后果。前文“overslept before a key performance”是凯伦的错误，她要面对由此产生的后果，故选D。 【49题详解】 考查代词词义辨析。句意：令她惊讶的是，帕姆立刻提出要载她一程，这让凯伦很震惊—— 为什么他要对一个毫无善意的人伸出援手？A. some一些；B. none没有一点；C. any任何；D. much许多。根据前文“Karen’s group frequently disturbed the floor with late-night noise,  6  Pam’s requests for quiet.”可知凯伦之前对帕姆不好，没有展现善意，show none指“毫无表示”，故选B。 【50题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们冲向帕姆的车，就在合唱团进入教堂时赶到了 —— 一次奇迹般的解救。A. save解救，挽救；B. contribution贡献；C. performance表演；D. movement移动。根据前文“They raced to Pam’s car and arrived just as the choir entered the church”可知，凯伦在帕姆帮助下及时赶到，这是一种“解救”，故选A。 【51题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：几十年后，凯伦仍然在回想那个举动。A. calls on号召；B. reflects on回想，反思；C. holds back抑制；D. looks back回顾。结合前文“Decades later”可知，凯伦多年后仍在回想此事，reflects on符合语境，故选B。 【52题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：这从来不仅仅是一次搭车，而是关于善意的深刻一课。A. totally完全地；B. rarely很少；C. merely仅仅；D. fairly相当。根据后文“but a profound lesson in grace”可知，这不止是搭车，故选C。 【53题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：帕姆的抱怨被宽恕取代，给予了凯伦她本不配得的救赎。A. gifting给予，赠予；B. rewarding奖励；C. supplying提供（物资）；D. sparing抽出（时间等）。根据上文帕姆让凯伦搭车及时赶到教堂以及后文“redemption (救赎) she hadn’t earned”可知，此处指帕姆“赠予”了凯伦救赎，故选A。 【54题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果今天能和帕姆说话，凯伦会为自己年轻时的自私道歉，并对那种改变人生的同情表示感谢。A. complaint抱怨；B. gratitude感激；C. welcome欢迎；D. regret后悔。根据后文“for that transformative compassion”可知，帕姆帮助了凯伦，凯伦会表示感谢，故选B。 【55题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它的连锁反应影响了她接下来的三十年，证明真正的仁慈能弥合分歧、治愈心灵。A. restricted限制；B. formed形成；C. constructed建造；D. shaped塑造，影响。根据后文“her next thirty years, proving that true mercy bridges divides and heals hearts”可知，帕姆的举动影响了凯伦接下来的三十年，故选D。 【外看原文】 原文外刊出处 这篇文章出自美国国家公共电台（NPR）的“My Unsung Hero”系列节目，由Karen de Boer讲述自己大学时的亲身经历。 Decades later, Karen de Boer still remembers a kind gesture from her college hallmate From NPR's "My Unsung Hero" series Karen de Boer's Story: About 35 years ago, when Karen was a freshman in college, she was accepted into her school's prestigious choir program. That year, they would be traveling to China and Japan for an international tour, and she was determined to make the most of it. One of the choir's first performances was at a church about an hour away from campus. But the morning of the show, she woke up late and ended up missing the bus. "I felt the bottom of my stomach just drop out," de Boer remembered. "I was like, 'This is the end of everything.' Because what if they say, 'Well, you're not mature enough to be in this group?' Then the international tour was out, and I was just afraid that my mistake had ruined it." And this was before cellphones. She couldn't call anybody. So she wandered out into the hallway in her dorm, kind of whimpering. That's probably why her neighbor across the hall came out to see what was up. Her name was Pam. Their relationship had been a bit prickly — and a lot of that was on Karen. She had just gotten to college, had new friends, and they were having fun. They would run up and down the halls, knock on doors and run away, making a lot of noise. They didn't particularly think about how that affected others on the same floor. Pam would come to them and ask them to be quiet because she was trying to study or trying to sleep. So Pam was the last person Karen expected to see when she was in trouble. Karen told Pam her whole tale — how she'd messed up and couldn't get to the concert, which was an hour away. Pam told her, "Well, I have a car here at college, and I know where that church is. So I could drive you there." Which to Karen was shocking. Pam had no reason to be kind to her when she had not been kind to Pam. But she extended that to her. They jumped into Pam's car. It was about an hour away, and Pam drove her there the whole way, getting her to the performance just in time. Reflecting back on that day, Karen thinks of her hallmate's gesture as more than just an hour-long car ride. "It was a gift of forgiveness, really — forgiving me for not being nice to her," de Boer said. If de Boer could talk to Pam today, she knows exactly what she would say: "The first thing I would say is, 'I'm sorry. I am sorry for ignoring your requests all those years ago.' And I want to say thank you, because that decision that you made when perhaps I didn't deserve that sort of kindness and you decided to extend it anyway — that has had ripple effects through the next 30 years of my life." 大约35年前，卡伦还是大学一年级新生时，她被学校著名的合唱团录取了。那一年，合唱团将前往中国和日本进行国际巡演，她决心要好好把握这次机会。 合唱团的首批演出之一，是在距离校园大约一小时车程的一座教堂里。但演出那天早上，她起晚了，结果错过了大巴。 “我感觉自己的心猛地往下一沉，”德波尔回忆道。 “我当时想，‘这下全完了。’因为万一他们说，‘你不够成熟，不适合待在这个团里’怎么办？那国际巡演就没戏了，我害怕自己的这个错误毁掉了一切。” 而且那是在手机出现之前。她谁也联系不上。于是她走到宿舍走廊里，有点抽泣地徘徊着。这大概就是为什么她走廊对面的邻居会出来看看发生了什么事。她叫帕姆。 她们的关系一直有点紧张——这很大程度上要怪卡伦。她刚上大学，交了新朋友，玩得很开心。她们会在走廊里跑来跑去，敲敲门然后跑开，制造出很多噪音。她们并没有特别想过这会影响到同楼层的其他人。帕姆会过来找她们，请她们安静些，因为她要学习或者要睡觉。 所以，当卡伦遇到麻烦时，帕姆是她最没想到会见到的人。 卡伦把自己的整个遭遇告诉了帕姆——她是如何搞砸了，无法赶到一小时车程外的音乐会现场。 帕姆告诉她：“嗯，我在学校有辆车，而且我知道那个教堂在哪里。所以我可以开车送你去。”这对卡伦来说简直是震惊。她自己对帕姆并不友善，帕姆没有理由对她好，但她却主动伸出了援手。 她们跳上帕姆的车。大约开了一个小时，帕姆一路把她送到了那里，让她刚好赶上了演出。 如今回想那一天，卡伦认为这位舍友的举动不仅仅是一个小时的车程。 “这实际上是一份宽恕的礼物——宽恕我没有善待她，”德波尔说。 如果德波尔今天能和帕姆说话，她确切地知道自己会说些什么：“我想说的第一句话是，‘对不起。我很抱歉多年前无视了你的请求。’我还想说声谢谢，因为当时也许我并不值得你那样的善意，可你还是选择把它给了我——这对我之后30年的人生都产生了涟漪般深远的影响。” 6. 25-26 浙江省Z20名校联盟（浙江省名校新高考研究联盟）高三上 第二次联考 I was thirty-four the first time I saw the real Santa. He drove a big, charcoal-colored ____21____ through Georgia’s August heat — no reindeer, no beard, just ____22____ grace. 他开着一辆深灰色的大卡车，穿过佐治亚州八月的高温——没有驯鹿，没有胡子，只有出人意料的善意。 My husband had lost his job in July. We were cutting back on expenses, trying to ____23____ the financial storm. Interviews came slowly; in July, ____24____ stung deeply. We were fearing that he wouldn’t find anything before everything ____25____. To lift our spirits, we drove to McDonald’s one heavy afternoon for a quick drive-through run. As we pulled up to the takeout window, the ____26____ said, “The car ahead paid for you.” People do this all the time — and it’s always a lovely gesture. But what happened that year wasn’t just a common pay-it-forward ____27____. It was something more. When we ____28____ to pay for the next car, she ____29____ her head. “That man paid for everyone behind you too.” 我们削减开支，试图度过这场金融风暴。面试来得很慢；7月份，拒绝的打击很深。我们担心他在一切崩溃之前找不到工作。当我们把车开到外卖窗口时，收银员说：“你前面的那辆车已经替你付过钱了。”但那一年发生的事情不仅仅是一个常见的爱心传递链。这里指的是一个人帮另一个人付款，然后另一个人再帮下一个人付款的连锁行为。当我们提出要为下一辆车付款时，她摇了摇头。 We watched his truck ____30____, his hand waving cheerfully from the window — a gesture that ____31____ the Santa in the poem “Twas the Night Before Christmas, ____32____ all a good night. 我们看着他的卡车开走，他的手从车窗里欢快地挥舞着——这个动作呼应了诗歌《圣诞前夜》中的圣诞老人，祝大家晚安。 He couldn’t have known how much we needed that sign — a ____33____ that kindness still existed, that we’d be okay. Soon after, my husband found a job. We now perform ____34____ acts of kindness whenever we see the opportunity, remembering the man who taught us that Santa doesn’t need a sleigh — just a ____35____ heart. 他不可能知道我们多么需要那个信号——一个提醒，善良仍然存在，我们会没事的。现在，只要有机会，我们就会做一些随机的善举，想起那个教会我们圣诞老人不需要雪橇 —— 只需要一颗愿意付出的心的男人。 21. A. truck B. sleigh C. tractor D. carriage 22. A. embarrassing B. unstoppable C. dazzling D. unexpected 23. A. witness B. weather C. overwhelm D. experience 24. A. approvals B. applications C. rewards D. rejections 25. A. falling apart B. melting away C. coming out D. picking up 26. A. accountant B. waitress C. driver D. cashier 27. A. deal B. chain C. matter D. event 28. A. refused B. offered C. afforded D. managed 29. A. nodded B. ducked C. shook D. hung 30. A. break down B. break up C. pull away D. pull up 31. A. included B. read C. reflected D. echoed 32. A. making B. wishing C. singing D. sending 33. A. reminder B. phenomenon C. supplement D. guideline 34. A. normal B. deliberate C. random D. magnificent 35. A. courageous B. determined C. willing D. impressive 【答案】21-25. A D B D A 26-30. D B B C C 31-35. D B A C C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在丈夫失业、生活艰难时，遇到一位慷慨的陌生人，其善举激励了作者一家，传递了善意。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他开着一辆深灰色的大卡车，穿过佐治亚州八月的高温——没有驯鹿，没有胡子，只有出人意料的善意。A. truck卡车；B. sleigh雪橇；C. tractor拖拉机；D. carriage马车。根据后文“We watched his truck”可知，他开的是卡车。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. embarrassing令人尴尬的；B. unstoppable不可阻挡的；C. dazzling耀眼的；D. unexpected出乎意料的。根据后文“My husband had lost his job in July.”以及“ The car ahead paid for you”可知，作者一家正处于经济困境中，这个陌生人的帮助是他们没有预料到的，所以是出人意料的善意。故选D。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们削减开支，试图度过这场金融风暴。A. witness目击；B. weather经受住；C. overwhelm压垮；D. experience经历。根据后文“the financial storm”可知，作者一家正处于经济困境中，努力经受住金融风暴。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：面试来得很慢；7月份，拒绝的打击很深。A. approvals批准；B. applications申请；C. rewards奖励；D. rejections拒绝。根据上文“Interviews came slowly”和下文“stung deeply. We were fearing that he wouldn’t find anything”可知，作者的丈夫找工作并不顺利，被拒绝的经历让他们很难受。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们担心他在一切崩溃之前找不到工作。A. falling apart崩溃；B. melting away融化；C. coming out出版；D. picking up捡起。根据上文“We were fearing that he wouldn’t find anything before everything”可知，作者一家正处于经济困境中，作者的丈夫找工作并不顺利，他们担心情况会越来越糟，一切都崩溃。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们把车开到外卖窗口时，收银员说：“你前面的那辆车已经替你付过钱了。”A. accountant会计；B. waitress女服务员；C. driver司机；D. cashier收银员。根据上文“As we pulled up to the takeout window”可知，在麦当劳外卖窗口工作的是收银员，所以是收银员在说话。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但那一年发生的事情不仅仅是一个常见的爱心传递链。A. deal交易；B. chain链条；C. matter事件；D. event事情。根据上文“The car ahead paid for you.”以及后文“ When we  8  to pay for the next car”可知，这里指的是一个人帮另一个人付款，然后另一个人再帮下一个人付款的连锁行为。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们提出要为下一辆车付款时，她摇了摇头。A. refused拒绝；B. offered提供，提出；C. afforded买得起；D. managed管理。根据后文“to pay for the next car”可知，这里指作者提出要为下一辆车付款，应用offer。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. nodded点头；B. ducked躲避；C. shook摇晃；D. hung悬挂。根据后文“That man paid for everyone behind you too.”可知，不需要作者他们为下一辆车付款，所以收银员摇头拒绝了。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们看着他的卡车开走，他的手从车窗里欢快地挥舞着——这个动作呼应了诗歌《圣诞前夜》中的圣诞老人，祝大家晚安。A. break down出故障；B. break up分手；C. pull away开走；D. pull up停车。根据后文“his hand waving cheerfully from the window”可知，陌生人的卡车开走了。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. included包括；B. read阅读；C. reflected反射；D. echoed呼应。根据后文“the Santa in the poem “Twas the Night Before Christmas””可知，陌生人的动作呼应了诗歌中的圣诞老人。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. making制作；B. wishing祝福；C. singing唱歌；D. sending发送。根据后文“all a good night”可知，此处指祝福大家晚安，应用wish。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他不可能知道我们多么需要那个信号——一个提醒，善良仍然存在，我们会没事的。A. reminder提醒物；B. phenomenon现象；C. supplement补充；D. guideline指导方针。根据后文“that kindness still existed, that we’d be okay”可知，陌生人的善举提醒作者善良仍然存在，他们会没事的。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，只要有机会，我们就会做一些随机的善举，想起那个教会我们圣诞老人不需要雪橇 —— 只需要一颗愿意付出的心的男人。A. normal正常的；B. deliberate故意的；C. random随机的；D. magnificent壮丽的。根据后文“acts of kindness whenever we see the opportunity”可知，此处表示随机的善举，符合作者一家抓住机会随时行善的语境。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. courageous勇敢的；B. determined坚决的；C. willing乐意的；D. impressive印象深刻的。根据上文“Santa doesn’t need a sleigh”可知，帮助别人只需要一颗愿意帮助的心。故选C。 7. 25-26 浙江省北斗星盟高三一模 When his great-grandmother suffered a serious fall, a 3-year-old boy braved the darkness to help save her life. While reviewing her garage security footage (片段) to ____21____ what happened that February night, Stephanie Peabody made a ____22____ discovery about her 3-year-old son, Bridger, who was under his great-grandmother’s care when the incident occurred. As they walked into the house, Lewis ____23____, and hit her head on a concrete (混凝土) step. She couldn’t get up, she was bleeding heavily, and she had left her ____24____ in the car. After yelling for help ____25____, Lewis told Bridger, “You’re going to have to get my phone.” It was nighttime, and the path back to the car wasn’t ____26____. It was in total darkness. “I was a lot afraid,” Bridger ____27____. “It was too dark.” That was when Bridger whispered to himself these three little words captured on security video: “____28____.” ____29____ his fear and having never opened a car door alone, he _____30_____ made his way to Lewis’ car and brought back the phone. Three months later, Lewis has _____31_____ and new lights illuminate the yard. But the most profound _____32_____ is within the family. _____33_____ by her son’s bravery, Stephanie Peabody is now pursuing a career in special education. She has even tattooed (纹身) the phrase “Don’t be afraid” on her arm. It’s a reminder for the child inside all of us. Sometimes, true _____34_____ is being afraid and charging into the _____35_____ anyway. 21. A. take apart B. rule out C. piece together D. make up 22. A. stunning B. confusing C. frustrating D. professional 23. A. bent B. tripped C. dropped D. knocked 24. A. keys B. wallet C. bandage D. phone 25. A. failed B. worked C. echoed D. heard 26. A. paved B. lit C. cleared D. marked 27. A. anticipated B. imagined C. recalled D. realized 28. A. Be brave now B. I am big C. I am brave D. Don’t be afraid 29. A. For B. Besides C. Despite D. With 30. A. gladly B. courageously C. nervously D. cautiously 31. A. healed B. returned C. adjusted D. survived 32. A. recovery B. surprise C. change D. bond 33. A. Inspired B. Reminded C. Convinced D. Challenged 34. A. faith B. wisdom C. victory D. courage 35. A. difficulty B. darkness C. doubt D. dilemma 【答案】21-25. C A B D A 26-30. B C D C B 31-35. A C A D B 【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述3岁男孩Bridger在曾祖母摔倒后，尽管害怕黑暗和从未单独开车，仍勇敢地为她取回手机的故事。此事深深感动了家人，促使母亲Stephanie追求特殊教育事业。文章赞扬了孩子的勇气，并点明真正的勇气是在害怕时依然前行。 【21题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：Stephanie Peabody在查看车库的安全监控录像，试图拼凑出那个二月晚上发生的事情时，发现了一个关于她3岁儿子Bridger的惊人发现，当时Bridger正由曾祖母照顾。A. take apart拆开；B. rule out排除；C. piece together拼凑；D. make up编造，组成。根据前文“security footage”以及后文“what happened that February night”可知，此处指查看监控录像，拼凑出那个晚上发生的事情。故选C项。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Stephanie Peabody在查看车库的安全监控录像，试图拼凑出那个二月晚上发生的事情时，发现了一个关于她3岁儿子Bridger的惊人发现，当时Bridger正由曾祖母照顾。A. stunning惊人的；B. confusing令人困惑的；C. frustrating令人沮丧的；D. professional专业的。根据后文“about her 3-year-old son, Bridger, who was under his great-grandmother’s care when the incident occurred.”可知，Bridger在黑暗中勇敢去拿手机的行为，这是一个惊人的发现。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他们走进房子时，Lewis绊倒了，头撞在混凝土台阶上。A. bent弯曲；B. tripped绊倒；C. dropped掉落；D. knocked敲击。根据后文“hit her head on a concrete step”可知，Lewis绊倒了，头撞在台阶上。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她起不来，流了很多血，而且把手机忘在车里了。A. keys钥匙；B. wallet钱包；C. bandage绷带；D. phone手机。根据后文“You’re going to have to get my phone.”可知，Lewis把手机忘在车里了。故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在呼救失败后，Lewis告诉Bridger：“你得去拿我的手机。”A. failed失败；B. worked工作；C. echoed回响；D. heard听见。根据后文Lewis让Bridger去拿手机可知，呼救失败了。故选A项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时是晚上，回到车上的路没有照明。A. paved铺砌；B. lit照明；C. cleared清除；D. marked标记。根据后文“It was in total darkness.”可知，路上没有照明。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我很害怕，”Bridger回忆道。“太黑了。”A. anticipated预期；B. imagined想象；C. recalled回忆；D. realized意识到。根据前文“It was nighttime, and the path back to the car wasn’t ____6____ . It was in total darkness.”描述以及后文Bridger说的话可知，此处是Bridger在回忆当时的情况。故选C项。 【28题详解】 考查短语辨析。句意：就在那时，Bridger对着安全录像低声说了三个字：“别害怕。”A. Be brave now现在勇敢点；B. I am big我很大；C. I am brave我很勇敢；D. Don’t be afraid别害怕。根据后文“She has even tattooed the phrase ‘Don’t be afraid’ on her arm.”以及“It’s a reminder for the child inside all of us.”可知，Bridger说的是“别害怕”。故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：尽管他很害怕，而且从未独自打开过车门，但他还是勇敢地走到Lewis的车旁，拿回了手机。A. For为了；B. Besides除了；C. Despite尽管；D. With和。根据后文“his fear and having never opened a car door alone”可知，尽管Bridger害怕且从未独自打开过车门，但他还是去拿了手机，despite符合语境。故选C项。 【30题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：尽管他很害怕，而且从未独自打开过车门，但他还是勇敢地走到Lewis的车旁，拿回了手机。A. gladly高兴地；B. courageously勇敢地；C. nervously紧张地；D. cautiously谨慎地。根据后文“made his way to Lewis’ car and brought back the phone.”描述Bridger在黑暗中独自去拿手机的行为可知，他很勇敢。故选B项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：三个月后，Lewis康复了，新灯照亮了院子。A. healed康复；B. returned返回；C. adjusted调整；D. survived幸存。根据前文“Three months later”以及后文“new lights illuminate the yard”可知，三个月过后Lewis康复了。故选A项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但最重大的变化发生在家庭内部。A. recovery恢复；B. surprise惊讶；C. change改变；D. bond纽带。根据后文“Stephanie Peabody is now pursuing a career in special education. She has even tattooed (纹身) the phrase “Don’t be afraid” on her arm.”描述Stephanie Peabody受到儿子勇敢行为的激励，现在从事特殊教育工作，甚至在手臂上纹了“别害怕”这句话可知，家庭内部发生了深刻的变化。故选C项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：受到儿子勇敢行为的激励，Stephanie Peabody现在从事特殊教育工作。A. Inspired激励；B. Reminded提醒；C. Convinced说服；D. Challenged挑战。根据后文“Stephanie Peabody is now pursuing a career in special education.”可知，Stephanie Peabody受到儿子勇敢行为的激励，选择了特殊教育作为职业。故选A项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时候，真正的勇气是即使害怕，也仍义无反顾地冲进黑暗之中。A. faith信仰；B. wisdom智慧；C. victory胜利；D. courage勇气。根据后文“being afraid and charging into the ____15____ anyway”以及前文描述Bridger的行为可知，此处指真正的勇气是尽管害怕，仍然勇往直前。故选D项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时候，真正的勇气是即使害怕，也仍义无反顾地冲进黑暗之中。A. difficulty困难；B. darkness黑暗；C. doubt怀疑；D. dilemma困境。根据前文描述Bridger在黑暗中独自去拿手机的行为以及“It was in total darkness.”可知，此处指勇往直前进入黑暗。故选B项。 8. 25-26 浙江省杭州学军中学 高三上 首考适应性考试 The morning sun had just begun to rise over Siblyback Lake when Aimee, Britney, and Abi started their 18-mile training run for the London Marathon. The rhythm of their footsteps was suddenly ____21____ by panicked bleating (咩咩叫). A hundred yards ahead, they spotted a terrified sheep being ____22____ into the icy waters by a barking sheepdog. Without hesitation, all three women ____23____ sprinted toward the scene. What they saw was ____24____. The sheep was struggling to keep its head above water, its movements increasingly wild. “We could see the absolute ____25____ in its eyes,” Aimee later ____26____. Britney and Abi, still wearing their running shoes and gear, stepped into the ____27____ water, while Aimee ____28____ help on her phone. The rescue proved more challenging than expected. The lake’s icy current ____29____ to pull both rescuers and sheep under. Britney attempted to calm it while Abi ____30____ a hold on its wool. After nearly fifteen minutes, they finally guided the ____31____ creature back to shore, where it immediately collapsed onto the grass. For the next half hour, they remained watchful, rubbing the sheep’s limbs to ____32____ circulation and covering it with their running jackets. As dawn fully ____33____, the revived animal walked away shakily. The impact of the rescue lingered with the women long after. “What began as a(n) ____34____ training run became a lesson in sympathy,” Britney reflected as they finally resumed their marathon preparation, their clothes still damp but their spirits ____35____. 21. A. troubled B. formed C. interrupted D. strengthened 22. A. driven B. led C. dragged D. drawn 23. A. eagerly B. eventually C. suddenly D. immediately 24. A. touching B. awful C. exciting D. hopeful 25. A. sympathy B. sadness C. terror D. regret 26. A. realized B. repeated C. recalled D. remembered 27. A. frozen B. freezing C. fierce D. frightening 28. A. called out B. called in C. called on D. called for 29. A. managed B. promised C. intended D. threatened 30. A. secured B. released C. gained D. attached 31. A. exhausted B. lost C. painful D. cheerful 32. A. cease B. restore C. relieve D. repair 33. A. broke B. rose C. fell D. faded 34. A. standard B. professional C. routine D. official 35. A. unlocked B. upheld C. undefeated D. uplifted 【答案】21-25. C A D B C 26-30. C B D D A 31-35. A B A C D 【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了三名女性在晨跑时遇到落水羊，她们仍穿着跑鞋和装备，踏入冰冷的湖水中成功救起羊。虽使衣服湿透，但她们展现了同情心，将普通训练变成了充满意义的经历，体现了人性的善良与勇气。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当Aimee、Britney和Abi开始为伦敦马拉松进行18英里的训练跑时，清晨的太阳刚刚从西布利巴克湖升起。她们脚步的节奏突然被惊慌的咩咩叫声打断了。A. troubled使烦恼；B. formed形成；C. interrupted打断；D. strengthened加强。根据后文“by panicked bleating (咩咩叫)”以及“they spotted a terrified sheep being ____2____ into the icy waters by a barking sheepdog.”可知，她们看到一只受惊的羊被牧羊犬逼入冰冷的水中可知，她们脚步的节奏被羊的叫声打断了。故选C项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在前方一百码处，她们发现一只受惊的羊正被吠叫的牧羊犬逼入冰冷的水中。A. driven驱赶；B. led带领；C. dragged拖拽；D. drawn吸引。根据后文“into the icy waters by a barking sheepdog”以及“The sheep was struggling to keep its head above water”可知，羊是被牧羊犬驱赶入水中的。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：三位女士毫不犹豫，立即向现场冲去。A. eagerly渴望地；B. eventually最终；C. suddenly突然；D. immediately立即。根据前文“Without hesitation”可知，她们毫不犹豫，立即冲向现场。故选D项。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她们所看到的情景很糟糕。A. touching感人的；B. awful糟糕的；C. exciting令人兴奋的；D. hopeful有希望的。根据后文“The sheep was struggling to keep its head above water, its movements increasingly wild.”可知，羊在水中的情况很糟糕。故选B项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我们可以看到它眼中的绝对恐惧，”Aimee后来回忆说。A. sympathy同情；B. sadness悲伤；C. terror恐惧；D. regret后悔。根据前文“a terrified sheep”以及“The sheep was struggling to keep its head above water, its movements increasingly wild.”可知，羊在水中挣扎，眼中充满恐惧。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我们可以看到它眼中的绝对恐惧，”Aimee后来回忆说。A. realized意识到；B. repeated重复；C. recalled回忆；D. remembered记得。根据前文“We could see the absolute ____5____ in its eyes,”可知，此处是Aimee在回忆当时的情景。故选C项。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Britney和Abi仍然穿着跑鞋和装备，踏入了冰冷的水中，而Aimee则用手机寻求帮助。A. frozen冻结的；B. freezing极冷的；C. fierce凶猛的；D. frightening令人害怕的。根据前文“icy waters”可知，水是极冷的。故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：Britney和Abi仍然穿着跑鞋和装备，踏入了冰冷的水中，而Aimee则用手机寻求帮助。A. called out呼喊；B. called in召集；C. called on拜访；D. called for要求，寻求。根据后文“help on her phone”可知，Aimee用手机寻求帮助。故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：救援比预期的更具挑战性。湖中的冰流威胁着要把救援者和羊都拖入水下。A. managed设法；B. promised承诺；C. intended打算；D. threatened威胁。根据后文“to pull both rescuers and sheep under”可知，冰流威胁着要把他们都拖入水下。故选D项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Britney试图让它平静下来，而Abi则紧紧抓住它的羊毛。A. secured固定，使安全；B. released释放；C. gained获得；D. attached附上。根据后文“a hold on its wool.”可知，Abi紧紧抓住羊的羊毛，使其安全。故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：近十五分钟后，她们终于把筋疲力尽的羊带回了岸边，羊立刻瘫倒在草地上。A. exhausted筋疲力尽的；B. lost迷失的；C. painful痛苦的；D. cheerful高兴的。根据前文“The sheep was struggling to keep its head above water, its movements increasingly wild.”以及“After nearly fifteen minutes”可知，羊在水中挣扎了近十五分钟，所以带回岸边时已经筋疲力尽。故选A项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的半个小时里，她们保持警惕，揉搓羊的四肢以恢复血液循环，并用她们的跑步夹克盖住它。A. cease停止；B. restore恢复；C. relieve缓解；D. repair修理。根据后文“circulation and covering it with their running jackets.”可知，她们揉搓羊的四肢是为了恢复血液循环。故选B项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当黎明完全破晓时，复活的动物摇摇晃晃地走开了。A. broke(天)破晓；B. rose升起；C. fell落下；D. faded褪色。根据前文“The morning sun had just begun to rise”以及“As dawn fully”可知，此处指黎明完全破晓。故选A项。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“一开始只是例行的跑步训练，后来变成了同情的一课，”Britney回忆说，她们终于开始了马拉松的准备工作，衣服仍然很湿，但她们的精神振奋了。A. standard标准的；B. professional专业的；C. routine常规的；D. official官方的。根据前文“their 18-mile training run for the London Marathon”可知，这是一次常规的训练跑。故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“一开始只是例行的跑步训练，后来变成了同情的一课，”Britney回忆说，她们终于开始了马拉松的准备工作，衣服仍然很湿，但她们的精神振奋了。A. unlocked解锁；B. upheld支持；C. undefeated未被击败的；D. uplifted振奋。根据前文描述她们成功救援羊的经历以及“their clothes still damp but their spirits”可知，尽管衣服潮湿，但她们的精神是振奋的。故选D项。 9. 2026届 浙江省名校协作体G12联盟 高三下 二模 It was 1 a.m. on her daughter’s birthday when Marisa Shumaker decided to create some birthday magic. She pulled out a parcel, ready to ____41____ the perfect gift — a real 61-key music keyboard for her 4-year-old, Aubree. To her shock, when she opened it, she found the parcel contained only a stand and a bench; the keyboard was sold ____42____. Panic set in as she imagined the ____43____ a broken promise could bring. She searched online and called stores all day long, but nothing was ____44____. In a final attempt, she ___45___ a plea (请求) in a local Facebook group. Five miles away, Andy Spencer saw her post. “I wouldn’t want a child’s birthday wish to go ____46____,” he later said. He then remembered the 61 full-size keyboard his own daughter ____47____ used. Spencer quickly messaged Shumaker and arranged to meet at a nearby store. “When I saw a stranger willing to ____48____ a keyboard just in time to help,” Shumaker recalled, “it felt like experiencing one of those ____49____ scenes of a movie.” When she offered to pay, Spencer politely ____50____, asking only for a photo of a happy Aubree. He ____51____, “If she becomes the next Taylor Swift, give us a shoutout.” At her birthday party, Aubree ____52____ into the living room like a joyful rabbit. Her face lit up at the sight of the keyboard. That night, Shumaker texted Spencer her thanks, adding that Aubree was so fascinated by the ____53____ that she hadn’t even opened her other gifts. Now Aubree practices nearly every day. “Nothing can ____54____ this gift,” Shumaker says. That night ____55____ her faith in everyday magic — it felt like meeting a guardian angel. 41. A. make B. purchase C. unwrap D. deliver 42. A. separately B. quickly C. secretly D. poorly 43. A. anger B. excitement C. disappointment D. confusion 44. A. usable B. available C. enjoyable D. affordable 45. A. updated B. answered C. posted D. rejected 46. A. unnoticed B. unfulfilled C. unchanged D. unexpressed 47. A. barely B. widely C. heavily D. frequently 48. A. tap on B. throw away C. pick up D. part with 49. A. eye-opening B. heart-warming C. nerve-cracking D. mind-numbing 50. A. refused B. accepted C. nodded D. apologized 51. A. stated B. demanded C. whispered D. joked 52. A. skipped B. wandered C. slipped D. tiptoed 53. A. stand B. parcel C. bench D. keyboard 54. A. decorate B. change C. top D. ruin 55. A. challenged B. renewed C. showed D. shook 【答案】41-45. C A C B C 46-50. B A D B A 51-55. D A D C B 【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Marisa Shumaker在女儿生日时发现琴键缺失，最终得到好心人帮助的故事。 【41题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她拿出一个包裹，准备拆开这份完美的礼物——一个给4岁女儿奥布里的真正的61键音乐键盘。A. make制作；B. purchase购买；C. unwrap拆开；D. deliver递送。根据后文“the perfect gift — a real 61-key music keyboard for her 4-year-old, Aubree”可知，此处指拆开包裹，看看里面的礼物。故选C。 【42题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：令她震惊的是，当她打开它时，她发现包裹里只有一个支架和一个凳子；键盘是分开出售的。A. separately分别地；B. quickly快速地；C. secretly秘密地；D. poorly贫穷地。根据上文“she found the parcel contained only a stand and a bench; the keyboard was sold”可知，包裹里没有键盘，说明键盘是分开出售的。故选A。 【43题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她想象到违背诺言可能带来的失望时，她开始惊慌起来。A. anger愤怒；B. excitement激动；C. disappointment失望；D. confusion困惑。根据上文“Panic set in”以及后文“a broken promise”可知，她开始惊慌，担心违背诺言会让女儿失望。故选C。 【44题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她整天在网上搜索，给商店打电话，但什么都没有买到。A. usable可用的；B. available可获得的，可购得的；C. enjoyable快乐的；D. affordable负担得起的。根据上文“She searched online and called stores all day long, but nothing was”可知，她整天在网上搜索，给商店打电话，但还是买不到键盘。故选B。 【45题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后一次尝试时，她在当地一个Facebook群里发了一条求助信息。A. updated更新；B. answered回答；C. posted张贴，发布；D. rejected拒绝。根据后文“a plea (请求) in a local Facebook group”可知，她在Facebook群里发了一条求助信息。故选C。 【46题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我不希望孩子的生日愿望落空，”他后来说。A. unnoticed被忽视的；B. unfulfilled未实现的；C. unchanged不变的；D. unexpressed未表达的。根据上文“I wouldn’t want a child’s birthday wish to go”以及后文他把自己女儿的键盘给了对方，可知他不希望孩子的生日愿望落空。故选B。 【47题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后他想起了自己女儿几乎不用的61键全尺寸键盘。A. barely几乎不；B. widely广泛地；C. heavily沉重地；D. frequently频繁地。根据后文“used”可知，他要把闲置的琴送人，即几乎不用的键盘。故选A。 【48题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：“当我看到一个陌生人愿意及时拿出一个键盘来帮忙时，”Shumaker回忆道，“这感觉就像在经历电影中那些暖心的场景之一。”A. tap on轻拍；B. throw away扔掉；C. pick up捡起；D. part with放弃，送出。根据后文“a keyboard just in time to help”可知，此处指陌生人愿意送出一个键盘来帮忙。故选D。 【49题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. eye-opening令人大开眼界的；B. heart-warming暖心的；C. nerve-cracking使人紧张的；D. mind-numbing令人麻木的。根据上文“When I saw a stranger willing to ____ a keyboard just in time to help”以及后文“scenes of a movie”可知，陌生人帮助她，她感觉就像在经历电影中那些暖心的场景之一。故选B。 【50题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她提出要付钱时，Spencer礼貌地拒绝了，只要求一张快乐的奥布里的照片。A. refused拒绝；B. accepted接受；C. nodded点头；D. apologized道歉。根据后文“asking only for a photo of a happy Aubree”可知，Spencer只要求一张快乐的Aubree的照片，所以此处指Spencer礼貌地拒绝了她付的钱。故选A。 【51题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他开玩笑说：“如果她成为下一个Taylor Swift，记得喊我们一声。”A. stated陈述；B. demanded要求；C. whispered低语；D. joked开玩笑。根据后文“If she becomes the next Taylor Swift, give us a shoutout.”可知，Spencer在开玩笑。故选D。 【52题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在她的生日聚会上，Aubree像一只快乐的兔子一样蹦蹦跳跳地走进客厅。A. skipped跳跃；B. wandered徘徊；C. slipped滑倒；D. tiptoed踮起脚尖走。根据后文“into the living room like a joyful rabbit”可知，奥布里像一只快乐的兔子一样，所以应是蹦蹦跳跳地走进客厅。故选A。 【53题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那天晚上，Shumaker给Spencer发了短信表示感谢，并补充说Aubree对键盘非常着迷，甚至都没有打开其他礼物。A. stand货摊；B. parcel包裹；C. bench长凳；D. keyboard键盘。呼应上文“Her face lit up at the sight of the keyboard.”可知，Aubree对键盘非常着迷。故选D。 【54题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“没有什么能比得上这份礼物，”Shumaker说。A. decorate装饰；B. change改变；C. top超过，比得上；D. ruin毁灭。根据上文“she hadn’t even opened her other gifts”、“Nothing can”和下文“That night ______ her faith in everyday magic— it felt like meeting a guardian angel”可知，Aubree对键盘非常着迷，甚至都没有打开其他礼物，所以她认为没有什么能比得上这份礼物。故选C。 【55题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天晚上，她重新燃起了对日常魔法的信念——感觉就像遇到了守护天使。A. challenged挑战；B. renewed更新，重新开始；C. showed展示；D. shook摇晃。根据后文“her faith in everyday magic”以及上文她本来因为键盘缺失而失望，最后却得到了好心人的帮助，可推测这件事重新燃起了她对日常魔法的信念。故选B。 10. 25-26 浙江杭州第二中学 5月高三 适应性检测 It was one morning in April 2018. My daughter, Emily, had just turned two. She usually ____41____ herself with a few toys when I quickly showered and got ready for the day. Her growing curiosity often ____42____ her to get into the drawers and cupboards. I was often ____43____ when I found cupboards emptied and messes everywhere. On this particular morning, she ____44____ the cupboard filled with all my various lotions. It still ____45____ me why I had so many partially used bottles of different lotions and creams. Even if I didn’t like a certain one, I never threw it away because I thought I might need it one day, or didn’t want to be ____46____. When I got out of the shower, I found Emily standing by my bedside table with an entire bottle of runny, shimmering lotion ____47____ all over the table, herself, her pajamas, and the carpet. And cleaning lotion out of carpet is ____48____ fun or easy. Right then and there I decided enough was enough! I was so ____49____ of cleaning up the same messes and the same stuff I didn’t even need. I got a big garbage bag and started _____50_____ every unneeded and unloved item, which really gave me a sense of liberation and _____51_____. This event really _____52_____ my mindset about stuff and _____53_____ motivated me to live a life with fewer things. For me, minimalism (极简主义) is not a destination but a _____54_____. And I will _____55_____ on this path for the rest of my life. 41. A. equipped B. distracted C. entertained D. rewarded 42. A. allowed B. drove C. encouraged D. persuaded 43. A. frustrated B. terrified C. disappointed D. concerned 44. A. fixed B. painted C. arranged D. searched 45. A. confuses B. escapes C. delights D. bothers 46. A. picky B. typical C. wasteful D. stubborn 47. A. blown B. occupied C. thrown D. poured 48. A. far from B. at least C. no longer D. after all 49. A. afraid B. capable C. sick D. fond 50. A. turning to B. setting aside C. thinking little of D. getting rid of 51. A. security B. pride C. relief D. belonging 52. A. shifted B. developed C. clarified D. revealed 53. A. fortunately B. surprisingly C. immediately D. ultimately 54. A. solution B. journey C. tendency D. change 55. A. continue B. appear C. wait D. survive 【答案】41-45. C B A D A 46-50. C D A C D 51-55. C A D B A 【解析】【导语】文章讲述了有一天作者因为女儿把润肤露弄得一团糟，而发现自己受够了清理烂摊子的日子，于是决定舍弃不需要的东西，成为极简主义者的故事。 【41题详解】 考查动词。句意：当我很快洗完澡准备一天的工作时，她通常会拿一些玩具自娱自乐。A. equipped配备；B.distracted分心；C. entertained娱乐；D. rewarded奖赏。根据下文“with a few toys”可知，Emily拿玩具玩乐。 【42题详解】 考查动词。句意：她日益增长的好奇心常常驱使她去翻抽屉和碗橱。A. allowed允许；B. drove驱使；C. encouraged鼓励；D. persuaded说服。结合上文“Her growing curiosity often”可知，此处指她日益增长的好奇心常常驱使她去翻抽屉和碗橱。 【43题详解】 考查形容词。句意：当我发现橱柜空了，到处都是乱七八糟的东西时，我常常感到沮丧。A. frustrated沮丧的；B. terrified害怕的；C. disappointed失望的；D. concerned担心的。根据后文“when I found cupboards emptied and messes everywhere”可知，当作者看到到处都是乱七八糟的东西时，应该是沮丧的。 【44题详解】 考查动词。句意：在这个特别的早晨，她搜遍了装满我各种润肤露的橱柜。A. fixed修理，安装；B. painted用颜料画；C. arranged安排；D. searched搜寻。根据后文“I found Emily standing by my bedside table with an entire bottle of runny, shimmering lotion ______ all over the table, herself, her pajamas, and the carpet.”可知，女儿把润肤露弄得到处都是，所以此处是搜遍橱柜的润肤露。 【45题详解】 考查动词。句意：我仍然很困惑，为什么我有那么多用过一半的乳液和面霜。A. confuses使困惑；B. escapes逃跑；C. delights使高兴；D. bothers打扰，使烦恼。根据后文“why I had so many partially used bottles of different lotions and creams”可知，作者感到困惑为什么有很多用过一半的润肤露和面霜。 【46题详解】 考查形容词。句意：即使我不喜欢某一个，我也不会扔掉它，因为我认为有一天我可能会用到它，或者不想浪费。A. picky挑剔的；B. typical典型的；C. wasteful浪费的；D. stubborn固执的。根据上文“partially used bottles of different lotions and creams”以及“I never threw it away”可知，作者从不扔掉没用完的润肤露和面霜，是不想浪费。 【47题详解】 考查动词。句意：当我洗完澡出来的时候，我发现艾米丽站在我的床头柜旁，手里拿着一整瓶流着水、闪闪发光的润肤露，洒在桌子上、她自己身上、她的睡衣上和地毯上。A. blown吹；B. occupied占据；C. thrown扔掉；D. poured倾倒。根据下文“all over the table, herself, her pajamas, and the carpet”可知，此处指润肤露被倒在桌子上、她自己身上、她的睡衣上和地毯上。 【48题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：清洗地毯上的润肤露既不好玩也不容易。A. far from远非，完全不；B. at least至少；C. no longer不再；D. after all毕竟。根据空后“fun or easy”可知空处表示否定，清洗地毯上的润肤露应该是不好玩也不容易的。 【49题详解】 考查形容词。句意：我受够了总是收拾那些我根本不需要的烂摊子和东西。A. afraid害怕的；B. capable有能力的；C. sick厌倦的，厌恶的；D. fond喜爱的。根据前文“Right then and there I decided enough was enough!”可知，作者受够了，所以是厌倦的。 【50题详解】 考查名词。句意：我拿了一个大垃圾袋，开始扔掉所有不需要和不喜欢的东西，这真的给了我一种解放和解脱的感觉。A.turning to求助于；B. setting aside搁置；C. thinking little of轻视；D. getting rid of摆脱；除去。根据后文“ every unneeded and unloved item”可知，此处指开始扔掉不需要的东西。 【51题详解】 考查名词。句意：我拿了一个大垃圾袋，开始扔掉所有不需要和不喜欢的东西，这真的给了我一种解放和解脱的感觉。A. security安全；B. pride自豪；C. relief宽慰，解脱；D. belonging归属。根据前文“_____ every unneeded and unloved item”以及“which really gave me a sense of liberation”可知，空处应和liberation并列，扔掉不需要的东西后应是有一种解放和解脱的感觉，relief符合语境。 【52题详解】 考查动词。句意：这件事真的改变了我对事物的看法，并最终激励我过一种少东西的生活。A. shifted转变；B. developed发展；C. clarified澄清；D. revealed揭示。根据后文“motivated me to live a life with fewer things.”可知，这件事让作者决定过一种东西较少的生活，所以是改变了作者对事物的看法。 【53题详解】 考查副词。句意：同上。A. fortunately幸运地；B. surprisingly令人惊讶地；C. immediately立即；D. ultimately最终。根据前文句意及空后“motivated me to live a life with fewer things”可知，作者改变了对事物的看法，这最终激励作者过一种东极简主义的生活。 【54题详解】 考查名词。句意：对我来说，极简主义不是目的地，而是一段旅程。A. solution解决办法；B. journey旅程；C. tendency趋势；D. change变化。根据上文“minimalism (极简主义) is not a destination”以及下文“on this path for the rest of my life”可知，此处和“目的地”相对，指极简主义不是目的地，而是一段旅程。 【55题详解】 考查动词。句意：我将在这条道路上继续我的余生。A. continue继续；B. appear出现；C. wait等待；D. survive生存。根据上文 “minimalism (极简主义) is not a destination”可知，极简主义不是目的地，故作者应是在这条道路上继续自己的余生。 第02讲 完形填空—说明文和议论文 一、说明文 1. 说明情况或阐明事理 2. 按照时间、空间、逻辑等顺序说明 3. 内容客观、公正，语言简练平实，传递正确的思想或科学知识 二、议论文 1. 首段提出论点 2. 论点与论据有机结合、相辅相成 3. 使用对比、强调、举例等手段 · 考点一 利用文章首段的观点或看法解题 知识点1 说明文完形填空的特点 文体特征 说明文往往围绕一个问题从不同的侧面来加以说明，通常结构严谨，句子结构复杂，因此也是高考完形填空题中较难理解的一种文体。其主要特点为： 1. 开头点题 在说明文类的完形填空中，作者一般在文章的首句直接提出说明的对象，这是掌握说明细节的前提。 2.结构清晰 说明文一般按一定的顺序展开。理清文章的说明顺序，对于正确把握文意和上下文的逻辑关系，选择正确答案具有重要意义。 3.难度较大 说明文往往采用比较正式的文体，表述准确严谨，生词术语较多，句子较长，结构较为复杂。 4.遣词用字简练 说明文一般采用简练的语言，按一定的方法介绍事物的类别、性质、特点、构造、成因、关系或事物的运动变化、发展的过程及其规律。 5.条理清晰 说明文十分讲究条理性，一般采取时间顺序、空间顺序、逻辑顺序或认知顺序来说明事物或事理。 应试策略 1. 快速弄清文章大意 对于此类文章我们结合选择项，进行粗读或略读，对文章的大意要先有一个大体的了解。说明文往往生词较多，而题材又比较广泛，所以阅读时，首先要能够掌握文章的大意。 2. 弄清楚说明的顺序 把握了说明顺序，就能准确把握文章的脉络，加强对整篇文章的理解。 3. 把握文章的组织结构，理清事实细节 把握语篇特征对理解文意与答题极为有利。说明性的文章一般都是一篇完整的、意思表达清楚的、逻辑比较严密的短文。在阅读这类文章时，我们一定要仔细研读文章的开头和结尾，从主题句着手，找出支持句，然后寻找文章的结论。这时，我们还要特别注意，不要被表面的一些细节所迷惑，我们在理解细节的基础上，还要斟酌文字的内涵意义，从而对文章进行深层次的理解。 4. 注重上下文语境 应逐句精读短文，逐题分析选项，对特定的语境作深入的理解，克服＂思维定势＂，根据全文大意和词不离句、句不离文的原则逐项填空。 5. 熟练做题方法，遵循四个原则： （1）上下一致。每个选择项必须从全文出发，从大处着手，避免孤立地分析每一空格，造成误选。 （2）语法正确。从语法地角度去考虑动词的时态、语态以及词类用法。 （3）逻辑合理。在完形填空题中，逻辑推理非常重要，有时每个选择项从语法上讲都正确，但是有的是不合语境逻辑的。 （4）符合搭配。英语中固定搭配很多，需要熟练掌握，才能做好此类题目。 知识点2 议论文完形填空的特点 文体特征 议论文都是由论点（作者的观点，也就是被证明的对象、论据（用来证明论点的依据，是说明论点的理由和材料）和论证（运用论据证明论点的过程与方法），这三个要素构成的，这也是一个提出问题——分析问题——解决问题的过程。因此，典型的议论文一般就由序论（提出问题，即what）、本论（分析问题，即why）和结论（解决问题，即how）三个部分构成，其具体的结构模式又有以下三种： 模式一：引言段（提出观点）——正方论点心（支持作者的观点的较弱论点）、正方论点2（支持作者的观点的较强论点）、正方论点3（支持作者观点的最强论点）——结论段（总结+解决方法，论断或建议） 在这种模式中，文章主体段（中间部分）的每一个部分论述一个论点，这些论点以其重要性按序排列，最有力、最重要的论点在最后面，以示强调。 模式二：引言段（提出观点）——反面意见（反方观点+作者的反驳）、正方论点1（支持作者观点的较弱论点）、正方论点2（支持作者观点的较强论点）、正方论点3（支持作者观点的最强论点）——结论段（总结+解决方法，论断或建议） 在这种模式中，文章立体段的一开始就提出对立方的反面意见及作者对这种意见的反驳，以后各部分仍分别陈述作者的不同论点。 模式三：引言段（提出观点）——反方观点1+进行反驳的正方论点、反方观点2+进行反驳的正方论点、反方观点3+进行反驳的正方论点——结论段（总结+解决方法，论断或建议） 在这种模式中，作者在文章主体段的每一部分都先提出一个反面观点，然后再进行反驳。 议论文有自己的语言个性，它不同于记叙文的生动形象，也不同于说明文的简明易懂。议论是对具体事物、事理作出的理论上分析与阐述，因此，它的语言自然客观的、抽象的、概括的。同时，它的语言也很准确，合乎逻辑。文中会较多地使用，诸如since（既然），now that（既然），therefore（因而），in that case（在那种情况下），so（所以），It follows that…（因而…），If…，we may conclude that …（如果……，我们可以这样下结论……），Should it be the case （如果是这样的话……），Idon’t want to…,but…（我并不想……），It is true that…,but…（诚然……但是……）,Even if …（即使……）等有辩论和推理含义的连接和过渡词语与结构，以增强语言的准确性和逻辑性。此外，作者的写作态度一般也较诚恳，在文章中通常使用的是与读者平等交流的语气，不会给人以居高临下、以势居人、逼人接受的感觉，在遣词造句方面多使用虚拟语气、让步状语从句和can, may, might, could, would, should等情态动词。 应试策略 技巧一 把握首句 议论文完形填空的首句一般是主旨句，作者通常在首段提出总论点，然后在每段的首句提出分论点。 技巧二 依据结构查论点 文章论点提出一般有以下三种。 开门见山：直接提出论点，然后用正反、对比、举例等论据加以论证，最后总结全文。 抛砖引玉：先通过叙述生活中的一件事情或现象，不表明自己的观点，而是通过对具体现象的分析，最后得出结论。 文末总结：先列举生活中的现象，不表明自己的观点，而是通过对具体现象的分析，最后得出结论。 技巧三 末段结论 议论文的尾段就是结论，也是对论点的照应。 知识点3 利用文章首段的观点或看法解题 说明文和议论文有一个共同特点，文章的首段总是提出要说明的事实或结论或提出论点或提出要解决的问题。根据文章作者提出的结论或论点，可以比较清晰的感悟作者的写作态度和目的，而下文将对其进行详细的说明或进行论证。明察作者的写作思路和态度就能一连串的解决首段一系列的问题，它们是相辅相成的。 · 考点二 注重文章尾段的结论解题 明文和议论文的尾段往往给我们传递非常重要的信息，常常是议论文得出的结论，而这个结论往往也是积极向上的，说明文会在尾段进一步总结，它们能反映作者的态度和情感。因此，利用好尾段信息对完形填空解题很有帮助。 · 考点三 利用段落主题句解题 说明文和议论文的语言组织结构很严谨，句子之间的逻辑关系紧凑，层次分明。因此，段落中的主题句总是统领整个段落，段中的所有的说明和论述都会围绕题展开。所以，整段内的选项要侧重主题句的思想选择，这样成功率很高。 · 考点四 利用说明顺序解题 利用说明顺序（即逻辑顺序、时间顺序、空间顺序等）解英语完形填空时，可以遵循以下系统方法： 1. 通读全文，把握说明结构 目的：快速理解文章主题和说明逻辑（如因果、步骤、对比等）。 技巧：重点读首段、尾段及每段首句，标注关键词（如first, however, therefore等）。 2. 分析空格上下文逻辑 时间顺序：空格处可能需填时间标志词（before, after, finally）或动词时态。 例：若前文是"First, heat the water"，后文可能是"Next, add the tea leaves." 因果顺序：空格可能是结果（thus, consequently）或原因（due to, because）。 对比/递进：注意however, similarly, moreover等逻辑词。 3.常见考点总结 说明顺序类型 典型线索词 解题方向 时间顺序 first, then, finally 填时间副词或动作顺序词 因果顺序 because, so, therefore 填原因/结果相关词 对比顺序 but, however, whereas 填反义词或转折词 举例顺序 for example, such as 填具体事例或概括词 实战闯关·模考特训 1. 25-26福建省福州第一中学 高三上学期12月月考 Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. They ____21____ with them lots of waste. The ____22____ might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers are disappearing, changing the ____23____ of Kilimanjaro. However, much has changed since the days of some disturbing reports. The environmental challenges are still ___24___ but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be ____25____. People now see a clean mountain. The best of a Kilimanjaro ____26____ in my opinion, isn’t reaching the top. Mountains are ____27____ as spiritual places by many cultures. This ____28____ is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as ____29____ go through five ecosystems in the space of a few kilometers. At the base is a rainforest. It ends abruptly at 3,000 meters, ____30____ lands of low growing plants. Further up, low clouds envelope the mountainsides, which are covered with thick grass. I ____31____ twelve shades of green from where I stand. Above 4,000 meters is the highland ____32____: gravel (砾石), stones and rocks.____33____ you climb into an arctic-like zone with ____34____ snow and the glaciers. Does Kilimanjaro ____35____ its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace? I found the opposite to be true. 21. A. keep B. mix C. connect D. bring 22. A. stories B. buildings C. crowds D. reporters 23. A. position B. age C. face D. name 24. A. new B. special C. significant D. necessary 25. A. paying off B. spreading out C. blowing up D. fading away 26. A. atmosphere B. experience C. experiment D. sight 27. A. studied B. observed C. explored D. regarded 28. A. view B. quality C. reason D. purpose 29. A. scientists B. climbers C. locals D. officials 30. A. holding on to B. going back to C. living up to D. giving way to 31. A. match B. imagine C. count D. add 32. A. village B. desert C. road D. lake 33. A. Obviously B. Easily C. Consequently D. Finally 34. A. permanent B. little C. fresh D. artificial 35. A. enjoy B. deserve C. save D. acquire 【答案】21-25. D C C C A 26-30. B D A B D 31-35. C B D A B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕非洲最高峰乞力马扎罗山展开，描述了坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局的治理举措成效显著，如今的乞力马扎罗山已重现洁净。文章还介绍了登山过程中会经历的五种生态系统，最后反驳了“乞力马扎罗山因游客众多而破坏宁静氛围”的说法。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们会随身带来大量的垃圾。​A. keep保持；B. mix混合；C. connect连接；D. bring带来。​根据前文“about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro”及后文“lots of waste”可知，登山者在攀爬过程中会带来垃圾，对山体环境造成影响。故选D项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些人群可能会破坏这个地方的美感。​A. stories故事；B. buildings建筑物；C. crowds人群；D. reporters记者。根据前文“about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro”可知，每年有四万人攀爬此山，正是这些人群的活动会破坏山体的自然美感。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：冰川正在消融，改变着乞力马扎罗山的面貌。A. position位置；B. age年龄；C. face面貌；D. name名字。​根据前文“The glaciers are disappearing”可知，冰川是乞力马扎罗山的标志性景观，冰川消融会直接改变山的面貌。故选C项。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：环境挑战依然很大，但坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局所做的努力似乎正在见效。​A. new新的；B. special特别的；C. significant重大的、显著的；D. necessary必要的。​根据前文“The environmental challenges are still”以及后文“but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be”可知，此处指环境挑战仍然很大，但坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局所做的努力似乎正在取得成效。故选C项。 【25题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：环境挑战依然很大，但坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局所做的努力似乎正在见效。​A. paying off见效、取得成功；B. spreading out展开；C. blowing up爆炸；D. fading away逐渐消失。​根据后文“People now see a clean mountain”可知，管理局的治理努力见效了，山体重新变得洁净。故选A项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我看来，攀登乞力马扎罗山的最佳体验并非登顶。​A. atmosphere氛围；B. experience体验；C. experiment实验；D. sight景象。根据后文“isn’t reaching the top”可知，此处指攀登乞力马扎罗山的最佳体验不是到达山顶。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在许多文化中，山脉被视为具有灵性的地方。​A. studied研究；B. observed观察；C. explored探索；D. regarded视为。根据后文“as spiritual places by many cultures”可知，此处指许多文化都将山视为精神之地，be regarded as为固定短语，意为“被视为、被当作”。故选D项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种观点在乞力马扎罗山尤为明显，因为登山者在短短几公里的路程中就要穿越五种生态系统。​A. view看法、观点；B. quality品质；C. reason原因；D. purpose目的。​根据前文“Mountains are __7__ as spiritual places”及后文五种生态系统的介绍可知，这种“山脉具有灵性”的观点在乞力马扎罗山体现得格外突出。故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种观点在乞力马扎罗山尤为明显，因为登山者在短短几公里的路程中就要穿越五种生态系统。​A. scientists科学家；B. climbers登山者；C. locals当地人；D. officials官员。​根据前文“about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro”可知，只有登山者在攀爬过程中才能体验到这五种生态系统。故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：热带雨林在海拔3000米处突然中断，取而代之的是生长着低矮植物的地带。​A. holding on to坚持；B. going back to回到；C. living up to不辜负；D. giving way to被……取代。​根据前文“It ends abruptly at 3,000 meters”可知，热带雨林的生态系统在此处终止，被低矮植物的生态系统取代。故选D项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：从我站的地方，我能数出十二种不同深浅的绿色。​A. match匹配；B. imagine想象；C. count数；D. add添加。​根据后文“twelve shades of green”可知，作者能数出十二种绿色的层次，体现出植被的丰富多样。故选C项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：海拔4000米以上是高原荒漠：遍地砾石、石块和岩石。​A. village村庄；B. desert荒漠；C. road道路；D. lake湖泊。​根据后文“gravel (砾石), stones and rocks.”可知，此处没有植被覆盖，是一片荒漠地貌。故选B项。 【33题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，你会爬到一个类似北极的地带，这里有着永久的积雪和冰川。​A. Obviously明显地；B. Easily容易地；C. Consequently因此；D. Finally最后。​根据前文“At the base is a rainforest. It ends abruptly at 3, 000 meters, __10__lands of low growing plants. Further up, low clouds envelope the mountainsides, which are covered with thick grass. I__11__ twelve shades of green from where I stand. Above4,000 meters is the highland __12__: gravel (砾石), stones and rocks.”可知，此处描述的是从山脚到山顶的不同生态系统，此处指最后，你爬进一个类似北极的地带。故选D项。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最后，你会爬到一个类似北极的地带，这里有着永久的积雪和冰川。​A. permanent永久的；B. little少量的；C. fresh新鲜的；D. artificial人造的。​根据前文“an arctic-like zone”可知，类似北极的地带会有永久的积雪和冰川，符合其气候特征。故选A项。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：乞力马扎罗山是一座拥挤的山，排起长队的游客破坏了和平的气氛，这真的是它应得的吗？我发现事实正好相反。​A. enjoy享受；B. deserve值得、应得；C. save拯救；D. acquire获得。​根据后文“I found the opposite to be true”可知，作者质疑乞力马扎罗山是否应得“拥挤破坏宁静”的这一负面名声。故选B项。 2. 25-26 山东济南市高三4月 阶段性检测英语试题 Menu of success ensures a taste of culture Known for its elegance, Huaiyang cuisine transforms simple ingredients into artistic dishes. A perfect example is chrysanthemum tofu soup (菊花豆腐汤), where a cube of tofu is ____21____ cut into the shape of a flower through 100 precise cuts. This dish not only ____22____ delicious but also shows the highest level of Chinese knife skills. 菊花豆腐汤就是一个完美的例子，其中一块豆腐经过100次精确的切割，被仔细地切成花朵的形状。这道菜不仅尝起来美味，还展现了中国刀工的最高水平。 Recently, this very dish ____23____ Dutch Prime Minister Mark Rutte and his team during a lunch in Beijing. The meal ____24____ Huaiyangfu, a restaurant near Shichahai. Head chef Wang Changrong, 48, prepared a ____25____ menu based on seasonal ingredients from the Yangtze River region. The guests had different dietary ____26____ — some were vegetarians, while others avoided pork or seafood — so Wang carefully tailored each dish. 最近，在北京的一次午餐中，正是这道菜给荷兰首相马克·吕特及其团队留下了深刻印象。这顿饭发生在什刹海附近的淮扬府餐厅。48岁的主厨王昌荣根据长江地区的时令食材，准备了一份特别的菜单。客人们有不同的饮食需求——有些是素食者，而其他人则不吃猪肉或海鲜——因此王师傅精心为每道菜做了调整。 The meal included creative dishes like Kalimeris buns with pine nuts for extra aroma (芳香), and tomatoes ____27____ walnut paste. Popular choices like Huaiyang lime beef short ribs were also served. The beef is fried until tender and mixed with a special lime and green pepper sauce, ____28____ a fresh and tasty flavor. Another favorite was stir-fried crab meat on toast, made from the meat and roe of 10 crabs from Gaoyou Lake. 这顿饭包括了一些创意菜肴，如加入松子以增添香气的马兰头包子，以及填入核桃酱的西红柿。牛肉被炸至软嫩，并与一种特殊的青柠和青椒酱混合，创造出一种清新可口的味道。 According to Wang, Huaiyang cuisine features two types of knife skills. The chrysanthemum tofu shows ____29____ cuts, while dishes like gourd duck with eight treasures require invisible skills — removing bones ____30____ keeping the duck whole. The Dutch ____31____ enjoyed the meal so much that most dishes were finished. For dessert, they ____32____ Kalimeris ice cream and loved it. 菊花豆腐展现的是可见的刀工，而像八宝葫芦鸭这样的菜肴则需要无形的技艺——在保持鸭子完整的同时去除骨头。荷兰客人们非常享受这顿饭，大部分菜肴都被吃光了。作为甜点，他们尝试了马兰头冰淇淋并且很喜欢。 Since opening eight months ago, the restaurant has hosted many ____33____ officials. Manager Dai Liang has noticed more ____34____ visitors coming after the Spring Festival and Qingming holidays. Many are tourists or business travelers invited by local partners. Vegetable dishes and ____35____ foods like pan-fried buns and plain noodles are especially popular with foreign diners. 自八个月前开业以来，这家餐厅已经接待了许多外国官员。经理代靓注意到，春节和清明节假期后，有更多的国际访客到来。蔬菜菜肴以及像生煎包和阳春面这样的面食尤其受外国食客欢迎。 21. A. precisely B. purposefully C. carefully D. cautiously 22. A. tastes B. smells C. looks D. frowns 23. A. impressed B. influenced C. informed D. warned 24. A. took pleasure in B. took place at C. replaced with D. took notice of 25. A. private B. changing C. transformative D. special 26. A. needs B. identities C. jobs D. reference 27. A. stuck to B. full of zest for C. owed to D. filled with 28. A. assessing B. creating C. adding D. fulfilling 29. A. valuable B. countless C. visible D. precise 30. A. and B. unless C. while D. whether 31. A. guests B. consumers C. gourmets D. vegetarians 32. A. enjoyed B. tried C. made D. accomplished 33. A. adorable B. foreign C. domestic D. authoritative 34. A. linguistic B. multilateral C. multicultural D. international 35. A. nutrient-rich B. flavor-rich C. herb-integrated D. flour-based 【答案】21-25. C A A B D 26-30. A D B C C 31-35. A B B D D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章通过淮扬府餐厅成功宴请荷兰首相团队的实例，展现了淮扬菜精湛的刀工技艺、根据客人需求定制菜单的贴心服务，以及其在国际宾客中的吸引力。 【21题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：菊花豆腐汤就是一个完美的例子，其中一块豆腐经过100次精确的切割，被仔细地切成花朵的形状。A. precisely精确地；B. purposefully有目的地；C. carefully仔细地；D. cautiously谨慎地。根据上文“a cube of tofu”和下文“cut into the shape of a flower through 100 precise cuts”可知，一块豆腐在经过100次精确的切割后，需呈现花朵的形状，这需要厨师仔细切割。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这道菜不仅尝起来美味，还展现了中国刀工的最高水平。A. tastes尝起来；B. smells闻起来；C. looks看起来；D. frowns皱眉。根据下文“delicious”可知，“美味”通常是味觉体验，此处指这道菜尝起来美味。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：最近，在北京的一次午餐中，正是这道菜给荷兰首相马克·吕特及其团队留下了深刻印象。A. impressed使……印象深刻；B. influenced影响；C. informed通知；D. warned警告。根据下文“The Dutch ____ enjoyed the meal so much that most dishes were finished.”可知，荷兰首相其团队很喜欢这顿午餐，因此是指给他们留下了深刻印象。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：这顿饭发生在什刹海附近的淮扬府餐厅。A. took pleasure in乐于；B. took place at发生在；C. replaced with用……替换；D. took notice of注意到。根据下文“Huaiyangfu, a restaurant near Shichahai”可知，此处介绍这顿午餐发生的地点。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：48岁的主厨王昌荣根据长江地区的时令食材，准备了一份特别的菜单。A. private私人的；B. changing变化的；C. transformative变革性的；D. special特别的。根据下文“based on seasonal ingredients from the Yangtze River region”可知，主厨基于时令食材准备了一份特别的菜单。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：客人们有不同的饮食需求——有些是素食者，而其他人则不吃猪肉或海鲜——因此王师傅精心为每道菜做了调整。A. needs需求；B. identities身份；C. jobs工作；D. reference参考。根据下文“some were vegetarians, while others avoided pork or seafood”可知，有些是素食者，而其他人则不吃猪肉或海鲜，表明他们有不同的饮食需求。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查固定短语辨析。句意：这顿饭包括了一些创意菜肴，如加入松子以增添香气的马兰头包子，以及填入核桃酱的西红柿。A. stuck to坚持；B. full of zest for对……充满热情；C. owed to归功于；D. filled with充满。根据上文“tomatoes”和下文“walnut paste”可知，合理的菜肴制作方法是西红柿中填入核桃酱。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：牛肉被炸至软嫩，并与一种特殊的青柠和青椒酱混合，创造出一种清新可口的味道。A. assessing评估；B. creating创造；C. adding添加；D. fulfilling实现。根据上文“The beef is fried until tender and mixed with a special lime and green pepper sauce”可知，将被炸的牛肉与一种特殊的青柠和青椒酱混合，其目的是创造出清新可口的味道。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：菊花豆腐展现的是可见的刀工，而像八宝葫芦鸭这样的菜肴则需要无形的技艺——在保持鸭子完整的同时去除骨头。A. valuable有价值的；B. countless无数的；C. visible可见的；D. precise精确的。根据下文“invisible skills”可知，此处与invisible形成对比，指“可见的刀工”，构成淮扬菜两种不同的刀工技法。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：菊花豆腐展现的是可见的刀工，而像八宝葫芦鸭这样的菜肴则需要无形的技艺——在保持鸭子完整的同时去除骨头。A. and和；B. unless除非；C. while与……同时；D. whether是否。根据上文“require invisible skills — removing bones”和下文“keeping the duck whole”可知，无形的技艺体现在保持鸭子完整的同时去除骨头。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：荷兰客人们非常享受这顿饭，大部分菜肴都被吃光了。A. guests客人；B. consumers消费者；C. gourmets美食家；D. vegetarians素食者。根据上文“The guests”可知，此处呼应上文的guests，指“荷兰客人们”。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为甜点，他们尝试了马兰头冰淇淋并且很喜欢。A. enjoyed享受；B. tried尝试；C. made制作；D. accomplished完成。根据荷兰首相及其团队是外国人，以及下文“loved it”可知，对于马兰头冰淇淋这种新的甜点，他们是尝试后觉得喜欢。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：自八个月前开业以来，这家餐厅已经接待了许多外国官员。A. adorable可爱的；B. foreign外国的；C. domestic国内的；D. authoritative权威的。根据上文“Dutch Prime Minister Mark Rutte and his team”可知，荷兰首相及其团队是外国官员，此处与之呼应，表明这家餐厅已经接待了许多外国官员。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：经理代靓注意到，春节和清明节假期后，有更多的国际访客到来。A. linguistic语言的；B. multilateral多边的；C. multicultural多元文化的；D. international国际的。根据下文“foreign diners”可知，后面介绍外国食客喜欢的食物，表明是更多的国际访客到来。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：蔬菜菜肴以及像生煎包和阳春面这样的面食尤其受外国食客欢迎。A. nutrient-rich营养丰富的；B. flavor-rich风味浓郁的；C. herb-integrated融入草药的；D. flour-based以面粉为基础的。根据下文“like pan-fried buns and plain noodles”可知，生煎包和阳春面的主要原料都是面粉，两者属于面食。故选D。 3. 25-26 山东省青岛市部分学校 高三上 1月期末调研 You might be leaving some happiness on the table by doing your everyday activities all by yourself. A new study has found that almost any activity becomes more ____41____ when done with others. The ____42____ of another person makes life’s routines a little brighter. Drawing on data from over 40,000 Americans, the study showed that participants consistently viewed experiences ____43____ social activities as more pleasant. Generally, the effect was ____44____, holding true across data collected over several years (2010, 2012, 2013, and 2021). The only exception came in 2021, when doing food-related chores with others appeared to ____45____ moods. Unsurprisingly, in this respect, the biggest boosts were linked to activities ____46____ by nature. Yet even individual hobbies such as reading saw an increase in happiness when ____47____. Epley, a behavioral scientist in Chicago, observed, “This continues to show how surprisingly positive social ____48____ is.” The lesson, researchers suggest, is to be ____49____. Schedule time with others. Even daily routines can become ____50____. Catch up with a friend on the phone — social contact doesn’t always need to be face-to-face; phone calls also ____51____. Or share a ride home. As Epley puts it: “Having a good life is about ____52____ positive experiences together until it becomes a habit.” In short, happiness may not ____53____ what we do, but who we do it with — a ____54____ that our instinct (本能) for connection remains our most reliable source of ____55____. 41. A. easy B. enjoyable C. efficient D. educational 42. A. advice B. praise C. company D. help 43. A. shaping B. involving C. improving D. impacting 44. A. universal B. immediate C. direct D. predictable 45. A. reflect B. lift C. hide D. dampen 46. A. creative B. colorful C. social D. fun 47. A. discussed B. chosen C. started D. shared 48. A. relationship B. interaction C. awareness D. progress 49. A. intentional B. patient C. brave D. careful 50. A. challenges B. experiences C. tasks D. opportunities 51. A. exist B. appear C. count D. change 52. A. describing B. stringing C. mixing D. celebrating 53. A. result in B. consist of C. lie in D. begin with 54. A. reminder B. sign C. rule D. secret 55. A. courage B. pride C. hope D. joy 【答案】41-45. B C B A D 46-50. C D B A D 51-55. C B C A D 【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一项新研究发现，几乎任何活动与他人一起做时都会变得更愉快，他人的陪伴让日常生活更美好，强调了社交互动对提升幸福感的重要性，提醒人们要重视与他人的连接。 【41题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一项新研究发现，几乎任何活动，只要和别人一起做，都会变得更令人愉悦。​A. easy容易的；B. enjoyable令人愉悦的；C. efficient高效的；D. educational有教育意义的。​根据前文“You might be leaving some happiness on the table by doing your everyday activities all by yourself”可知，独自做事会错失幸福感，因此和他人一起做事会更“令人愉悦”。故选B项。 【42题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他人的陪伴让生活中的日常琐事变得更明朗一些。​A. advice建议；B. praise表扬；C. company陪伴；D. help帮助。​根据前文“when done with others”可知，此处强调的是“陪伴”的作用。故选C项。 【43题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这项研究基于四万多名美国人的数据，结果显示，参与者一致认为涉及社交活动的经历更令人愉快。​A. shaping塑造；B. involving涉及；C. improving改善；D. impacting影响。​根据后文“social activities”可知，此处指经历中“涉及”社交活动，符合语境。故选B项。 【44题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：总体而言，这种效应具有普遍性，在2010、2012、2013和2021年这几年收集的数据中都成立。​A. universal普遍的；B. immediate立即的；C. direct直接的；D. predictable可预测的。​根据后文“holding true across data collected over several years”可知，这种效应在多年数据中都成立，说明是“普遍的”。故选A项。 【45题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：唯一的例外出现在2021年，当时和别人一起做与食物相关的家务似乎会抑制心情。A. reflect反映；B. lift提升；C. hide隐藏；D. dampen抑制、减弱。​根据前文“The only exception”可知，2021年的情况与研究结论相反，即这类活动不会提升心情，反而会“抑制”心情。故选D项。 【46题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不出所料，在这方面，幸福感提升最明显的与本质上具有社交属性的活动有关。​A. creative有创造力的；B. colorful多彩的；C. social社交的；D. fun有趣的。​根据前文“the study showed that participants consistently viewed experiences __3__ social activities as more pleasant.”可知，此处指“社交属性”的活动。故选C项。 【47题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，即便是阅读这类个人爱好，当分享出去时，幸福感也会有所提升。​A. discussed讨论；B. chosen选择；C. started开始；D. shared分享。​根据前文“even individual hobbies”以及研究强调的社交属性可知，个人爱好也需要“分享”才能提升幸福感。故选D项。 【48题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：芝加哥的行为科学家埃普利表示：“这再次表明，社交互动的积极影响令人意想不到。”​A. relationship关系；B. interaction互动；C. awareness意识；D. progress进步。​根据前文“the biggest boosts were linked to activities __6__ by nature.”可知，此处指的是“社交互动”。故选B项。 【49题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：研究人员建议，我们应主动一些。​A. intentional有意的、主动的；B. patient耐心的；C. brave勇敢的；D. careful小心的。​根据后文“Schedule time with others”可知，研究人员建议人们主动安排社交时间，即要“主动”。故选A项。 【50题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：即便是日常琐事也能变成机遇。​A. challenges挑战；B. experiences经历；C. tasks任务；D. opportunities机遇。​根据前文研究结论，和他人一起做事能提升幸福感，因此日常琐事也能变成带来愉悦的“机遇”。故选D项。 【51题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：和朋友通个电话聊聊近况——社交不一定要面对面，打电话也管用。​A. exist存在；B. appear出现；C. count管用、重要；D. change改变。​根据前文“social contact doesn’t always need to be face-to-face”可知，打电话这种非面对面的社交方式也是“管用的”。故选C项。 【52题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：正如埃普利所说：“拥有美好的生活，就是把这些积极的经历串联起来，直到它成为一种习惯。”​A. describing描述；B. stringing串联；C. mixing混合；D. celebrating庆祝。​根据后文“until it becomes a habit”可知，需要把零散的积极经历“串联”起来，形成习惯。故选B项。 【53题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：简而言之，幸福或许不在于我们做什么事，而在于我们和谁一起做————这提醒我们，我们渴望与人建立联结的本能，仍是我们获取快乐的最可靠源泉。​A. result in导致；B. consist of由……组成；C. lie in在于；D. begin with以……开始。​根据后文“but who we do it with”可知，此处是对比关系，强调幸福的关键“在于”和谁一起做事。故选C项。 【54题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：简而言之，幸福或许不在于我们做什么事，而在于我们和谁一起做——这提醒我们，我们渴望与人建立联结的本能，仍是我们获取快乐的最可靠源泉。​A. reminder提醒；B. sign迹象；C. rule规则；D. secret秘密。根据前文“In short, happiness may not __13__ what we do, but who we do it with”可知，这个结论是一个观点，这个观点“提醒”人们联结本能的重要性。故选A项。 【55题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这提醒我们，我们渴望与人建立联结的本能，仍是我们获取快乐的最可靠源泉。​ A. courage勇气；B. pride自豪；C. hope希望；D. joy快乐。​根据全文围绕“happiness”展开的核心内容可知，此处指获取“快乐”的源泉。故选D项。 4. 2026届 广东深圳市高三年级第二次调研考试英语试卷 From popular tracks to remote valleys, weary hikers can always find a hut (小屋) to rest in New Zealand’s countryside. But the hut network is too vast for the government to ____21____, so ordinary people are stepping in. 从热门步道到偏远山谷，疲惫的徒步者总能在新西兰的乡间找到小屋休息。但由于这个木屋网络太过庞大，政府难以全部维护 （21. maintain），所以普通民众开始主动介入。 Among them is Suzie Bell, who began hiking in 2010 and was ____22____ by the huts at first sight. “I was just blown away when I ____23____ a hut in the middle of nowhere. I ____24____ in it for next to nothing,” Bell recalled. She later learned there are around 950 huts across the country, most of which are ____25____ only on foot. Hikers are welcome to use most of them ____26____. 苏西·贝尔就是其中一员。她从2010年开始徒步旅行，第一眼看到那些小屋时就被深深吸引 （22. amazed）。贝尔回忆道：“当我在荒无人烟的地方偶然遇到 （23. came across）一座小屋时，简直惊呆了。我住 （24. stayed）在里面几乎没花什么钱。”后来她得知，全国大约有950座小屋，其中大部分只能步行到达 （25. accessible）。大多数小屋免费 （26. for free）欢迎徒步者使用。 Bell wanted to give something back and ____27____ the Love Our Huts campaign. The ____28____ was started by an outdoor recreation advocacy group in 2024, and more than 300 people have signed up for it. “We really ____29____ our huts. They’re part of our cultural heritage,” said Bell. 贝尔想要回馈这份美好，于是加入 （27. joined）了“爱护我们的小屋”活动。这项倡议 （28. initiative）由一个户外休闲倡导组织于2024年发起，已有300多人报名参加。贝尔说：“我们非常珍视 （29. value）我们的小屋。它们是我们文化遗产的一部分。” Sustaining the hut network is ____30____ due to its size and remoteness. Each summer, Bell and her husband ____31____ for five hours into the hills to wipe down beds, clean windows and pull out weeds. They are delighted to offer their ____32____ to keep their much-loved huts safe and clean. 由于木屋网络规模庞大且地处偏远，其维护工作十分艰巨 （30. demanding）。每年夏天，贝尔和丈夫要徒步 （31. hike）五个小时进山，擦洗床铺、清洁窗户、拔除杂草。他们乐意为心爱的小屋安全整洁贡献自己的劳动 （32. labour）。 So far this summer, more than 500 huts have been tidied up by ____33____. What they do ____34____ the Māori concept of kaitiakitanga, where, as caretakers of the environment, we must ____35____ it for future generations. 今年夏天到目前为止，已有500多座小屋被志愿者 （33. volunteers）打扫干净。他们所做的事情体现了 （34. reflects）毛利人的“kaitiakitanga”理念[守护自然理念]——作为环境的守护者，我们必须为子孙后代保护 （35. protect）它。 21. A. present B. evaluate C. arrange D. maintain 22. A. inspired B. amazed C. shocked D. confused 23. A. took over B. picked out C. came across D. searched for 24. A. stayed B. waited C. survived D. exercised 25. A. admirable B. suitable C. accessible D. comfortable 26. A. in vain B. in advance C. for free D. for good 27. A. started B. joined C. accepted D. reported 28. A. initiative B. assignment C. experiment D. discussion 29. A. miss B. value C. clean D. decorate 30. A. practical B. unnecessary C. demanding D. impossible 31. A. train B. drive C. camp D. hike 32. A. labour B. knowledge C. opportunity D. patience 33. A. locals B. neighbours C. tourists D. volunteers 34. A. reflects B. ignores C. tests D. contradicts 35. A. change B. protect C. design D. monitor 【答案】21-25. D B C A C 26-30. C B A B C 31-35. D A D A B 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了新西兰乡村分布着大量供徒步者休息的山间小屋，因小屋数量庞大、分布偏远，政府无力独自维护。民间志愿者自发行动，加入保护修缮小屋的公益活动，默默守护本土户外文化遗产的事迹。 【21题详解】 考查动词。句意：但小屋网络规模过于庞大，政府无力维护，于是普通民众介入帮忙。A. present呈现；B. evaluate评估；C. arrange安排；D. maintain维护。根据下文“ordinary people are stepping in”可知，普通民众介入帮忙是因为政府难以长期打理和维护这些小屋。 【22题详解】 考查形容词。句意：其中就有苏茜·贝尔，她于2010年开始徒步旅行，初次见到那些小木屋时便惊叹不已。A. inspired受鼓舞的；B. amazed惊叹的；C. shocked震惊的；D. confused困惑的。根据下文“I was just blown away”可知，偏远山野间的小屋让她十分惊喜、心生赞叹。 【23题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：当我在荒无人烟的地方偶然看到一间小屋时，我彻底被震撼了。A. took over接管；B. picked out挑选；C. came across偶遇；D. searched for寻找。根据上文“I was just blown away when”语境可知，作者在徒步途中意外发现山野小屋，came across贴合野外偶遇事物的场景。 【24题详解】 考查动词。句意：我几乎没花什么钱就能在里面留宿。A. stayed停留；B. waited等待；C. survived生存；D. exercised锻炼。根据上文“find a hut to rest in”可知，小屋的作用是供徒步者停留休息、暂住过夜。 【25题详解】 考查形容词。句意：后来她了解到，全国大约有九百五十间小屋，其中大部分只能步行抵达。A. admirable令人钦佩的；B. suitable合适的；C. accessible可到达的；D. comfortable舒适的。根据下文“only on foot”以及山谷偏远的背景可知，这些小屋地理位置偏僻，仅能靠步行抵达。 【26题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：大多数小屋都对徒步者免费开放使用。A. in vain徒劳；B. in advance提前；C. for free免费；D. for good永久。根据上文“for next to nothing”，几乎不花钱，能够对应小屋免费使用的规则。 【27题详解】 考查动词。句意：贝尔想要回馈这份善意，于是加入了“爱护小屋”公益活动。A. started发起；B. joined加入；C. accepted接受；D. reported报道。根据下文“more than 300 people have signed up for it”可知，这是一个已有组织的活动，贝尔选择报名参与其中。 【28题详解】 考查名词。句意：这项公益行动由户外休闲倡导组织于二零二四年发起，已有三百多人报名参与。A. initiative行动；B. assignment任务；C. experiment实验；D. discussion讨论。根据上文“the Love Our Huts campaign”可知，这是一项公益性的志愿行动。 【29题详解】 考查动词。句意：贝尔说：“我们十分珍视这些小屋，它们是我们文化遗产的一部分。”A. miss想念；B. value珍视；C. clean打扫；D. decorate装饰。根据后文“cultural heritage”可知，小屋属于文化遗产，具备特殊意义，人们格外重视与珍惜。 【30题详解】 考查形容词。句意：受规模与偏远地理位置的限制，维持小屋整体运转与修缮的工作十分费力。A. practical实用的；B. unnecessary不必要的；C. demanding费力的；D. impossible不可能的。根据上文小屋数量多、分布偏远，并结合下文“due to its size and remoteness”可知，整体维护工作难度大、要求高。 【31题详解】 考查动词。句意：每年夏天，贝尔和丈夫都会徒步五小时进入山林，擦拭床铺、打扫窗户、清理杂草。A. train训练；B. drive开车；C. camp露营；D. hike徒步。根据上文“began hiking in 2010”以及“most of which are   only on foot”可知，二人需要徒步进山。 【32题详解】 考查名词。句意：他们乐意付出劳动，用心守护这些深受喜爱的小屋，保持环境干净整洁。A. labour劳动；B. knowledge知识；C. opportunity机会；D. patience耐心。根据上文“wipe down beds, clean windows and pull out weeds”可知，此处指志愿劳动。 【33题详解】 考查名词。句意：今年夏天至今，已有五百多间小屋经由志愿者之手完成清扫整理。A. locals当地人；B. neighbours邻居；C. tourists游客；D. volunteers志愿者。根据前文“But the hut network is too vast for the government to  , so ordinary people are stepping in.”可知，修缮打扫小屋的都是志愿者。 【34题详解】 考查动词。句意：他们的所作所为，恰恰体现了毛利人的守护自然理念，即作为环境的守护者，我们必须为子孙后代保护好自然与家园。A. reflects体现；B. ignores忽视；C. tests考验；D. contradicts违背。根据上文“What they do”和下文“the Māori concept of  kaitiakitanga”可知，志愿者的行为与这一理念相契合，是理念的真实体现。 【35题详解】 考查动词。句意：同上。A. change改变；B. protect保护；C. design设计；D. monitor监控。根据前文守护小屋、爱护自然、传承文化的主旨，并结合上文 “as caretakers of the environment” 可知，此处强调守护与保护生态环境。 第03讲 完形填空 — 夹叙夹议文 · 考情分析 夹叙夹议文类完形填空的三种结构特点 1. 事例 → 观点： 1）先叙述一件事情 2）再针对这件事情发表自己的看法或揭示生活的真理 2. 观点 → 事例： 1）先提出一种观点或看法 2）再围绕这一观点或看法用具体的事例来说明 3）一般是一个事例，有时也会有几个事例从不同的侧面加以说明 3. 观点 → 事例 → 观点： 1）首先提出一种观点或看法 2）然后用事例说明 3）最后再进一步阐述或总结此观点或看法 · 考点一 利用主题语境下的价值观解题 知识点1完形填空夹叙夹议文的特点： 夹叙夹议类的文章通常采用叙议结合的写作方法，文章先进行叙述，然后再在段落的结尾或文章的末尾展开议论，说明故事所包含的哲理或总结出作者的观点。记叙和议论在文中交错运用，有的是以议论引出记叙，有的是在记叙的基础上发表议论。阅读此类文章时，考生要重点关注议论的部分，从而总结出文章的主旨。 1.事例→观点：文章首先叙述主人公经历的一件事情或所见所闻，然后针对这一事件发表自己的观点和看法，从而最终揭示一定的生活哲理。 2.观点→事例：先提出一种观点或看法，然后围绕这一观点或看法用具体的事例来进行说明，一般是一个事例，也可能是几个事例从不同角度和侧面进行说明。 3.观点→事例→观点：首先提出一种观点或看法，然后用事例进行说明，最后再进一步阐释或者总结归纳自己的观点态度或看法。 夹叙夹议文既有记叙文的特点又有议论文的某些特征：记叙和议论在文中交错运用，其写作结构一般有下列几种：“先叙后议”“先议后叙”或“叙议交替”。较之记叙文类完形填空，夹叙夹议文类完形填空的解题难度要大得多。因而，夹叙夹议文往往是最容易造成考生失分的一种文体。 夹叙夹议类完形填空题除了具有记叙文类完形填空题的特点外，还有需要特别注意的是：解题时读懂全文的清晰思路，抓文意——理文脉——析文法，沿着“三文”的阅读思路，就能够有效提高完形填空解题的准确率。 “文意”是短文所要表达的主题意义，是作者情感态度的流露，是对具体事件的意义的升华；“文脉”即短文内容发展的线索脉络，是连接短文各个部分的主要线索；“文法”是短文的写作结构和表达手法。总之，结合首句能比较快速而有效地抓住主题，从而理解大体的“文意”；通过串联各段中的小语境梳理短文的“文脉”，结合作者的“文法”，把握故事发展的情节，感受作者的情感态度，领会作者要表达的真实意图。 知识点2 完形填空夹叙夹议文的命题规律： （一）命题规律 1.先叙述作者自己的某一个生活经历或见闻，然后针对这一事件发表自己对生活的看法，或揭示生活的真理。 2.作者先提出一种观点或看法，然后围绕这一观点或看法用具体的事例加以说明，有时也可能是用几个事例从不同的侧面来说明。 3.提出一种观点或见解，然后用某一事例来阐述这一观点，最后再进一步地总结和升华。 此类完形填空三种结构特点如下表： 1 事例—观点 先叙述作者自己亲历或所见所闻的一件事情，然后针对这件事情发表自己对生活的看法，或揭示生活的真理。 2 观点—事例 先提出一种观点或看法，然后围绕这一观点或看法用具体的事例来说明，一般是一个事例，有时也会用几个事例从不同的侧面加以说明。 3 观点—事例—观点 提出一种观点或看法，然后用事例说明，最后再进一步阐述或总结自己的观点。 （二）应试策略 1. 抓住作者在第一句话中交代的人物的姓名、身份、业绩或事件发生的时间、地点、事件的发生、发展以及最后得出的结果。 2.不仅要理解文章的字面意思，更重要的是挖掘文章的内涵，尤其要体味议论部分，因为该部分往往是文章的升华。 3. 要跟着作者的思路读全文，思维要有灵活性，要随着记叙与议论的转换，及时调整思维方式。 知识点3 利用主题语境下的价值观解题 主题语境下的价值观是指反映三大主题语境的话题语篇所体现的“真善美”的品德与道德观念和价值取向，具体包括真诚、善良、无私、美好、和谐、乐观等积极向上的优秀道德品质。具备正确的价值观符合高考在语篇选材上体现“立德树人”的根本要求。文章常在尾段升华主旨，点明中心，因此，在解答完形填空结尾部分的题目时，考生可以上升到价值观高度来确定正确答案。 · 考点二 利用主题语域内的话题词解题 主题语境下的话题词是指语篇话题内容上最可能使用的常用词汇，是阐述语篇内容的骨干支撑词汇，这些骨干词汇形成一定的语域而服务于语篇主题。考生在解答完形填空时可以根据文章话题调动语域内的话题词来确定答案。这就要求考生具备丰富的词汇量。 · 考点三 利用前瞻后望找线索解题 完形填空（Cloze Test）是语言测试中常见的题型，要求考生通过上下文线索补全缺失的词汇。“前瞻后望”法是一种高效的解题策略，强调通过分析空缺处前后的信息（即上下文）来推断答案。 前瞻（Look Forward） 阅读空缺处之后的句子或段落，寻找与答案直接相关的提示词（如同义词、反义词、解释性语句、逻辑连接词等）。 后望（Look Backward） 回顾空缺处之前的内容，分析已给出的信息（如主语、动词、固定搭配、语法结构等），确保答案与上文一致。 完形填空题主要考查学生对语境的理解能力，所以空处的前后多有暗示(下文暗示上文的居多)。学生在做题时，一定要从整体上把握文章的内容，弄清文章的结构和文章的内在逻辑关系。 · 考点四 利用情感态度解题 每篇夹叙夹议文章都会涉及到文章作者的思想情感，都会触景生情，因故事而感慨情感的流露。抓住夹叙夹议文章中作者发表议论的部分，搜寻其情感走势是解题的关键。通常都是积极向上的励志文章，所以作者总是流露出对美好生活的追求和人生哲理的感慨。 夹叙夹议完形填空所表达的内容都有一定的褒贬性，这种褒贬性反映了作者的特定心理、情绪状态和写作意图，因此利用文章内容的褒贬性就能对文章进行准确的逻辑判断，从而在理解文意并准确传递文意的基础上推断出答案。 · 考点五 利用逻辑关系解题 完形填空的句子内部、句与句之间以及段落之间往往都存在一定的逻辑关系，有些题目就是考查这些逻辑关系，因此可以借助并列连词和从属连词等表示逻辑关系的标志词，理清上下文逻辑关系，快速解题。 实战闯关·模考特训 1. 25-26 浙江省精诚联盟高三上学期一模 As I get older it seems that time is speeding up. Life gets busier and it can be ____41____ to carve out precious family time. Between practices, work commitments, homework and everyday life, it’s easy to get a little — okay a lot — ____42____. My husband and I were discussing that in the new year we ____43____ to focus more on meaningful family experiences and it got me ____44____: If I had one day free from any ____45____, what would we choose to do as a family? Recently as I went through Instagram looking at my friends’ holiday ____46____, it struck me that we all have ____47____ interests and hobbies. One family made time for a family backpacking adventure. Another one travelled across the country to ____48____ a sporting event. So there’s no one “____49____ family activity” — your ideas may differ significantly from others’ and that’s great! ____50____ my family, if we could do anything together for a day, Disneyland would probably be our ____51____ choice. But if we are keeping it local (and a lot less expensive and more relaxing), I think we would ____52____ sleeping in, lunch out together at our favorite restaurant, an afternoon movie and the chance to just ____53____ with one another. What would you do if you could spend a whole day with your family? Your ideas may be small or ____54____. The beauty of this question is there is no ____55____ answer. 41. A. difficult B. strange C. important D. possible 42. A. absorbed B. distracted C. confused D. discouraged 43. A. failed B. wanted C. pretended D. managed 44. A. working B. dreaming C. begging D. thinking 45. A. troubles B. expectations C. obligations D. pressures 46. A. budgets B. plans C. destinations D. activities 47. A. exciting B. wide C. common D. different 48. A. attend B. cancel C. host D. schedule 49. A. meaningful B. simple C. perfect D. unique 50. A. Apart from B. As for C. Thanks to D. Instead of 51. A. last B. convenient C. obvious D. only 52. A. go with B. put up with C. object to D. get used to 53. A. connect B. cooperate C. reason D. side 54. A. valuable B. practical C. creative D. grand 55. A. quick B. wrong C. complete D. direct 【答案】41-45. A B B D C 46-50. D D A C B 51-55. C A AD B 【解析】【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的散文。文章是关于作者对于忙碌生活中难以抽出家庭时间的反思，探讨了不同家庭偏好的活动差异，并分享了自己理想中的家庭日安排，强调家庭活动的个性化选择没有标准答案。 【41题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：生活变得愈发忙碌，想要挤出珍贵的家庭时光也变得困难。A. difficult困难的；B. strange奇怪的；C. important重要的；D. possible可能的。根据上文“it seems that time is speeding up”及“Life gets busier”可知，时间似乎越来越快，生活变得更忙碌，因此挤出珍贵的家庭时光是困难的。故选A。 【42题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在训练、工作任务、家庭作业和日常生活的奔波中，人很容易变得有点——好吧，是非常——分心。A. absorbed专注的；B. distracted分心的；C. confused困惑的；D. discouraged泄气的。根据上文“Between practices, work commitments, homework and everyday life”可知，在各种事务之间奔波，人很容易变得分心。故选B。 【43题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我和丈夫讨论着，新的一年里我们想更专注于有意义的家庭体验，这让我开始思考：如果我有一天能摆脱所有义务，我们一家人会选择做些什么？A. failed失败；B. wanted想要；C. pretended假装；D. managed设法做到。根据上文“My husband and I were discussing that in the new year”及下文“focus more on meaningful family experiences”可知，这是夫妻二人的愿望，想要更注重家庭体验。故选B。 【44题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我和丈夫讨论着，新的一年里我们想更专注于有意义的家庭体验，这让我开始思考：如果我有一天能摆脱所有义务，我们一家人会选择做些什么？A. working工作；B. dreaming做梦；C. begging乞求；D. thinking思考。根据下文“If I had one day free from any  5 , what would we choose to do as a family?”可知，讨论让作者思考了下文的问题。故选D。 【45题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我和丈夫讨论着，新的一年里我们想更专注于有意义的家庭体验，这让我开始思考：如果我有一天能摆脱所有义务，我们一家人会选择做些什么？A. troubles麻烦；B. expectations期望；C. obligations义务；D. pressures压力。根据上文“Between practices, work commitments, homework and everyday life”可知，这些都属于日常义务，此处指摆脱所有义务。故选C。 【46题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：最近我在Instagram上浏览朋友的假期活动时，突然意识到我们都有不同的兴趣爱好。A. budgets预算；B. plans计划；C. destinations目的地；D. activities活动。根据下文“a family backpacking adventure”及“a sporting event”可知，这些都属于假期活动。故选D。 【47题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最近我在Instagram上浏览朋友的假期活动时，突然意识到我们都有不同的兴趣爱好。A. exciting令人兴奋的；B. wide宽的；C. common普通的；D. different不同的。根据下文“One family made time for a family backpacking adventure. Another one travelled across the country to  8 a sporting event.”及“your ideas may differ significantly from others’”可知，下文举例了不同家庭的假期选择，说明大家想法不同，有不同的兴趣爱好。故选D。 【48题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：另一个家庭则穿越全国去参加一场体育赛事。A. attend参加；B. cancel取消；C. host主办；D. schedule安排。根据下文“a sporting event”可知，此处指参加体育赛事。故选A。 【49题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以根本不存在一种“完美的家庭活动”——你的想法可能与别人的大相径庭，这也很棒！A. meaningful有意义的；B. simple简单的；C. perfect完美的；D. unique独特的。根据下文“your ideas may differ significantly from others’ and that’s great!”可知，每个人想法不同，但这也很棒，说明大家都是不同的，没有哪种家庭活动是完美的。故选C。 【50题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：至于我的家庭，如果我们能一起共度一整天，迪士尼乐园可能会是我们显而易见的选择。A. Apart from除了；B. As for至于；C. Thanks to多亏；D. Instead of代替。根据下文“my family”可知，上文讨论了不同家庭的选择，此处转而介绍自己家庭的情况，用As for用于转换话题，以引出自己家庭的情况。故选B。 【51题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：至于我的家庭，如果我们能一起共度一整天，迪士尼乐园可能会是我们显而易见的选择。A. last最后的；B. convenient方便的；C. obvious明显的；D. only唯一的。根据上文“if we could do anything together for a day, Disneyland would probably be”可知，迪士尼乐园是广为人知的家庭旅游目的地，故对于多数家庭来说是“明显”的选择。故选C。 【52题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：但如果我们选择在本地活动（而且花销更少、也更放松），我想我们会选择睡个懒觉，一起去最喜欢的餐厅吃午饭，下午看场电影，还有机会彼此好好聊聊。A. go with选择；B. put up with忍受；C. object to反对；D. get used to习惯。根据上文“Disneyland would probably be our  11 choice. But if we are keeping it local”可知，此处指选择本地的活动安排。故选A。 【53题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但如果我们选择在本地活动（而且花销更少、也更放松），我想我们会选择睡个懒觉，一起去最喜欢的餐厅吃午饭，下午看场电影，还有机会彼此好好聊聊。A. connect联系；B. cooperate合作；C. reason推理；D. side支持。根据上文“keeping it local”及“sleeping in, lunch out together at our favorite restaurant, an afternoon movie”可知，这里列举了一些在本地的家庭活动，这些活动是为了让家人之间相互陪伴、建立联系。故选A。 【54题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你的想法可能很微小，也可能很宏大。A. valuable珍贵的；B. practical实用的；C. creative有创意的；D. grand宏大的。根据上文“your ideas may differ significantly from others’”及“Your ideas may be small”可知，大家的想法各不相同，想法可大可小，grand与small构成反义。故选D。 【55题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个问题的美妙之处就在于，它没有错误答案。A. quick快速的；B. wrong错误的；C. complete完整的；D. direct直接的。根据上文“So there’s no one “ 9 family activity” — your ideas may differ significantly from others’ and that’s great!”可知，大家的想法各不相同，没有完美的家庭活动，任何想法都是合理的，没有错误的想法。故选B。 2. 25-26 福建省全国名校联盟 ⾼三上 期中考 They keep appearing in my feed: charming pictures of cheerful children as they dive into a water park or dig into an ice cream treat. Such a post from a friend ____21____ me this afternoon. Her son seemed ____22____, yet the words felt heavy: “This is in case he tells a psychologist about his ____23____ childhood someday.” 今天下午，一位朋友的帖子让我感到担忧。她的儿子看起来很快乐，但文字却让人感到沉重：“这是以防他某天跟心理医生说起自己艰难的童年。” The words settled deep within me. As a psychologist and parent, I ____24____ this urge too well. There has been a lot of parent shaming and ____25____ nowadays, creating a sense that every parent is potentially going to be ____26____. It makes sense for someone facing judgment to prepare their ____27____ for the defense as early as possible. How often had I, too, ____28____ my social media posts to prove my children’s happiness — and my own worth? 作为一名心理学家和家长，我太理解这种冲动了。如今有很多对家长的羞辱和评判，让人觉得每个家长都有可能被告上“审判席”。如今有很多对家长的羞辱和评判，让人觉得每个家长都有可能被告上“审判席”。对于面临评判的人来说，尽早准备辩护证据是合理的。我不也经常精$