专题18 疑问句（复习讲义）（全国通用）2027年春季高考英语

专题18 疑问句（一般疑问句+特殊疑问句+反义疑问句+选择疑问句） 目录 考情分析与命题趋势 1 知识体系构建 1 考点精析与突破 3 考点一：一般疑问句精析 3 考点二：特殊疑问句精析 4 考点三：选择疑问句精析 5 考点四：反义疑问句精析 6 实战精练与提升 8 考试要求 英语句法是高考考察的重要内容。疑问句就是其中较为重要的考点。疑问句的概念和形式及其主要用发要牢固掌握。要准确理解一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、反义疑问句、选择疑问句在具体语境下的正确表达，弄懂句子中所隐含关键信息，务必克服汉语式的惯性思维，排除误导，培养发散性思维习惯。 命题分析 1. 一般疑问句的句义 及在听力、阅读理解和写作中考查 2. 特殊疑问句的句义 及在听力、阅读理解和写作中考查 3. 反义疑问句在听力、阅读理解和写作中考查 4. 选择疑问句在听力、阅读理解和写作中考查 一般疑问句 核心定义： 用于询问事情是否属实，期望对方用 Yes 或 No 来回答的句子。 结构公式： Be/助动词/情态动词 + 主语 + 谓语（实义动词） + 其他？ 句型转换： 陈述句：He can swim. → 疑问句：Can he swim? 陈述句：She has finished her work. (has是助动词) → Has she finished her work? 陈述句：She has a cat. (has是实义动词) → Does she have a cat? 回答方式：注意否定问句的回答，要符合中文逻辑。 Isn't he a student? 他不是学生吗？ Yes, he is. 不，他是学生。 No, he isn't. 对，他不是学生。 特殊疑问句 核心定义： 对句子中某一特定部分（如人、事、时间、地点、原因、方式等）进行提问，需要对方提供具体信息的句子。回答时不能用Yes/No。 结构公式： 特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句语序？ 语序问题：特殊疑问句的语序是疑问词 + 一般疑问句。 错误：Where you are going? 正确：Where are you going? 反义疑问句 核心定义： 附在陈述句之后，对陈述句所叙述的事实提出相反疑问的句子。前肯后否，前否后肯。 结构公式： 陈述句, + 助动词/be/情态动词 + (not) + 主语(代词)？ 回答方式： 根据事实回答。事实是肯定的，就用Yes；事实是否定的，就用No。 He isn't a teacher, is he? 他不是老师，对吧？ No, he isn't. (事实：他不是) 对，他不是。 Yes, he is. (事实：他是) 不，他是。 选择疑问句 核心定义： 提供两个或两个以上选项供对方选择的疑问句。回答不能用Yes/No，必须从选项中选择或给出其他答案。 结构形式： 形式一：一般疑问句 + or + 选择项？ Is this a pen or (is this) a pencil? Do you like tea or (do you like) coffee? 形式二：特殊疑问句 + 选项A + or + 选项B？ Which is bigger, Beijing or Shanghai? 考点一：一般疑问句精析 助动词的精准使用：当陈述句中没有be动词、情态动词或助动词时，必须根据时态和主语添加do/does/did。 She has lunch at home. (实义动词) → Does she have lunch at home? (不是Has she) They went to the park. → Did they go to the park? 否定疑问句的回答：严格按照事实回答，不受中文思维干扰。 — Isn't this book interesting? — ______. I don't like it at all. A. Yes, it is B. No, it isn't C. Yes, it isn't D. No, it is 答案：B。事实是“不有趣”，所以用No。 间接引语中的时态呼应：主句为过去时，疑问句的时态要相应后退。 He asked me, "Do you like English?" → He asked me if/whether I liked English. 变式题1（助动词与时态） — ______ your brother ______ to work by subway every day? — Yes, but sometimes he takes a bus. A. Do; go B. Does; goes C. Does; go D. Do; goes 答案详解：C。本题考查含有实义动词的一般疑问句构成。主语your brother是第三人称单数，时态为一般现在时，因此助动词要用Does。用了Does后，句中的主要动词go要恢复原形。故正确答案为Does; go。 变式题2（否定疑问句回答） — Didn't you tell him about the meeting? — ______. I phoned him, but he wasn't in. A. Yes, I did B. No, I did C. Yes, I didn't D. No, I didn't 答案详解：A。本题考查否定疑问句的回答。回答要依据事实。根据答句“我给他打电话了，但他不在”可知，事实是“我告诉他了”。因此，对于“难道你没告诉他吗？”这个问题，应作肯定回答“不，我告诉了”。英语中必须用Yes加上肯定结构I did。B和C选项本身结构矛盾，D选项与事实相反。 变式题3（间接引语） Our teacher asked us ______ the words before having the dictation. A. if we reviewed B. whether did we review C. that we reviewed 答案详解：A。本题考查直接引语为一般疑问句变为间接引语。直接引语是“Did you review the words?”。变为间接引语时，要用if或whether引导，并且后面的从句必须用陈述语序（主语+谓语）。B选项是疑问语序，错误；C选项的that用于引导陈述句，不用于一般疑问句的转述。 考点二：特殊疑问句精析 疑问词的精准选择：尤其关注how的系列搭配，是高考高频考点。 how long：问时间段或物体长度。"For two weeks." / "Two meters." how soon：问“多快”，常与将来时连用。"In ten minutes." how often：问频率。"Twice a week." how far：问距离。"Five kilometers." — ______ will you finish the report? — In three days. (答案：How soon) 语序问题：特殊疑问句必须用疑问句语序。 I don't know ______ now. (他在哪里) A. where is he B. where he is C. he is where 答案：B。在宾语从句中，必须使用陈述语序。 “疑问词 + 不定式”结构：此结构相当于名词短语，非常简洁。 I don't know what I should do. = I don't know what to do. Can you tell me how I can get there? = Can you tell me how to get there? 变式题1（how词组辨析） — ______ is it from your home to the railway station? — It's about twenty minutes' ride. A. How long B. How far C. How soon D. How often 答案详解：B。本题考查how词组的辨析。答语“大约二十分钟车程”描述的是距离。How long询问时间长度或物体长度；How far询问距离；How soon询问“多快”，回答通常是“in + 一段时间”；How often询问频率。故B为正确答案。 变式题2（宾语从句语序） Could you please tell me ______? A. where is the nearest bank B. where the nearest bank is C. the nearest bank is where 答案详解：B。本题考查特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句的语序。在宾语从句中，无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，从句部分一律使用陈述语序（即“连接词+主语+谓语”）。A项是疑问句语序，C项语序混乱，只有B项where the nearest bank is是正确的陈述语序。 变式题3（疑问词+不定式） The problem is too difficult for him. He doesn't know ______. A. how to do B. what to do it C. what to do D. how to do it 答案详解：C。本题考查“疑问词+不定式”结构。动词do是及物动词，需要宾语。how表示方式，what表示内容。这里的意思是“不知道做什么”。A项how to do缺少宾语；B项what to do it中what和it都是do的宾语，成分重复；D项how to do it意思是“不知道如何做它”，虽然语法正确，但结合上文“问题太难”，这里更侧重“不知道该做什么”来解决问题，因此C项what to do（做什么）更符合语境。 考点三：选择疑问句精析 听力中的语调判断：这是选择疑问句在高考中最主要的考查方式。 规则：or前用升调(↗)，or后用降调(↘)。 听力理解中，通过语调可以判断这是一个需要你二选一的问题（选择疑问句），而不是一个简单的是非问题（一般疑问句全程升调）。 书面表达中的运用：使用选择疑问句可以增加句式的多样性，使文章更生动。 Instead of: "I don't know which one to choose." You can write: "Should I choose the red one or the blue one?" 变式题1（语调判断 - 情景对话） （听力情景）根据对话内容，判断第二个说话者是在回答一个一般疑问句还是选择疑问句。 M: Would you like a cup of tea ↗? W: No, thank you. 问：男士的问句是？ A. 选择疑问句 B. 一般疑问句 答案详解：B。本题考查通过语调判断疑问句类型。在对话中，男士的问句只在句尾用了升调(↗)，这是一般疑问句的典型语调，期望对方用Yes或No回答。女士的回答“No, thank you”也印证了这一点。如果是选择疑问句，语调应为“...tea ↗ or coffee ↘?”。 变式题2（结构识别） — Which subject do you prefer, physics ______ chemistry? — I prefer chemistry. A. and B. but C. or D. so 答案详解：C。本题考查选择疑问句的连接词。选择疑问句的结构是“一般疑问句/特殊疑问句 + 选项A + or + 选项B？”。or是固定搭配，表示“或者”，要求对方在两者中选择一个。其他连词不符合选择疑问句的结构。 变式题3（书面表达应用） （书面表达题片段）在给你的英国笔友Mike的回信中，你需要询问他假期的偏好，以便为他制定计划。请用一个选择疑问句完成这个任务。 “Could you let me know ______________________________?” 答案详解： 参考例句：Could you let me know whether you prefer to visit historical sites or (to) enjoy natural scenery? 详解：本题考查在真实语境中运用选择疑问句的能力。这里将选择疑问句嵌入到一个宾语从句中（由whether引导），提供了“参观历史古迹”和“欣赏自然风光”两个明确的选项供对方选择，使询问非常具体、得体，符合书面表达的要求。 考点四：反义疑问句精析 前否后肯原则：识别陈述句中的“隐藏否定”。 陈述句中有never, seldom, hardly, few, little, nothing, nobody等词时，疑问部分用肯定式。 He can hardly speak English, can he? You have nothing to say, have you? / do you? (注意：当have为实义动词时，也可用do) 祈使句的反义疑问句：固定搭配，必须牢记。 Let's... 表示建议，包括对方，用 shall we? Let us... 表示请求，征求对方许可，用 will you? 其他祈使句（Open the door. / Don't be late.）通常用 will you? 复合主句的匹配：当主句是I think/suppose/believe...时，疑问部分与从句保持一致。 I don't think he is right, ______? A. is he B. isn't he C. do I 答案：A。因为主句否定，从句意义上否定（他认为他不正确），所以从句是"He is not right"，故疑问部分用is he。 主语代词的指代： This/That → it These/Those -> they Everyone/Someone/Anyone -> they (常用) 或 he (正式) 变式题1（隐藏否定词） She seldom goes to the cinema, ______? A. does she B. doesn't she C. will she 答案详解：A。本题考查含有“隐藏否定”意义词汇的反义疑问句。seldom（很少）是一个否定词，所以陈述部分视为否定句，遵循“前否后肯”的原则。主语是She，谓语是goes（实义动词），故疑问部分用does she。 变式题2（祈使句） Let's go out for a walk after dinner, ______? A. will you B. won't you C. shall we D. do we 答案详解：C。本题考查祈使句的反义疑问句。以Let's开头的祈使句，表示提出建议，并包括听话方在内，其反义疑问句固定用shall we。Let us开头的句子才用will you。 变式题3（复合主句） I believe she will come to the party on time, ______? A. won't she B. will she C. don't I D. do I 答案详解：A。本题考查主句为I think/believe/suppose等结构的反义疑问句。规则是：疑问部分与从句保持一致。主句I believe是肯定形式，从句she will come也是肯定形式，故疑问部分用否定形式won't she。注意：当主句主语不是第一人称I/we时，则不适用此规则，疑问部分需与主句保持一致。 一、单句语法填空 1． Nielsen then feel content in his career? Yes and no. (用适当的词填空) 2．Seeing is believing, isn’t ? (用适当的词填空) 3．The fishermen caught a lot of fish, didn’t ?(用适当的词填空) 4．—Do you think he will give up his original plan? —I hope . (用适当的词填空) 5．He thinks he’s got the right answer, he? (用适当的词填空) 6．One can’t be too careful, can ? (用适当的词填空) 7．You have a new bike, you? (用适当的词填空) 8．I told them not everybody could do it, I? (用适当的词填空) 9．Everyone enjoyed the party, didn’t ?(用适当的词填空) 10．It is the third time that John has been late,   it? (用适当的词填空) 11．Something must be done to stop pollution, isn’t ?(用适当的词填空) 12．That he has lost his watch is not true, is ? (用适当的词填空) 13．He knows the player who has won four gold medals, he? (用适当的词填空) 14．Few people know him, do ?(用适当的词填空) 15．You’d better take a break after running, ? (完成附加疑问句) 16．People should keep a balanced diet, ? (完成附加疑问句) 17．Let’s join the school running club, we? 18．Some plants never blossom, they?(用适当的词填空) 19．Jenny think that Robert is honest, does she?(用适当的词填空) 20． wasn’t enough time at that moment, was there? (用适当的词填空) 1．Did 【详解】句意：Nielsen 后来在职业生涯中感到满足吗？既是也不是。本句为一般疑问句，根据回答“Yes and no.”表明是对过去事实的提问，需借助助动词did构成一般过去时的一般疑问句，且位于句首需大写首字母。 2．it 【详解】句意：眼见为实，不是吗？动名词短语Seeing is believing作主语，视作单数，用代词it指代，前肯后否。 3．they 【详解】句意：渔民捕了很多鱼，不是吗？主句主语The fishermen是复数名词，反意疑问部分用人称代词they指代；前半句肯定，后半句用否定didn’t。 4．not/so 【详解】句意：——你觉得他会放弃他原来的计划吗？——我希望不会/如此。在英语口语中，动词 hope后常用so或not替代上文提到的完整陈述内容，避免句子重复冗余。I hope so表示“我希望如此”，对应肯定的预期，即认同“他会放弃计划”这件事；I hope not表示“我希望不会”，对应否定的预期，即不希望“他放弃计划”这件事发生。 5．doesn’t 【详解】句意：他认为自己找到了正确答案，不是吗？主句主语为he，主句谓语thinks，反意疑问部分需对应主句的主谓结构，遵循“前肯后否”规则，用助动词的否定形式doesn’t。 6．one/you 【详解】句意：一个人再小心也不为过，不是吗？陈述部分主语为不定代词one，反意疑问部分的主语通常与之保持一致，用one。在非正式口语中，也可用you。 7．haven’t/don’t 【详解】句意：你有一辆新自行车，是不是？反意疑问句遵循“前肯后否”的规则，前半句的谓语是实义动词have“有”的肯定形式，后半句的疑问部分需要用对应的否定形式haven't或者助动词don't，和后半句的主语you搭配。 8．didn’t 【详解】当陈述部分是含宾语从句的主从复合句时，如果主句主语为第一人称I/we且主句谓语为think、believe、suppose等表心理推测的动词时，反意疑问部分与从句保持一致，其余情况反意疑问部分均与主句保持一致，本题主句为“I told them”，谓语told不属于表心理推测的动词，因此反意义问句部分与主句保持一致，主句是一般过去时的肯定形式，因此反意疑问部分要使用否定形式，对应的助动词为didn't。 9．they 【详解】句意：大家都喜欢这场派对，是不是？本题考查反意疑问句的规则。当陈述部分的主语是表示泛指人的不定代词everyone时，反意疑问部分的主语通常用they来指代前文的泛指群体，本句前半部分为肯定形式，后半部分已给出否定的助动词didn't，因此空格处填入they。 10．isn’t 【详解】句意：这是约翰第三次迟到，是不是？反义疑问句遵循“前肯后否，前否后肯”的规则，本题中前半句为肯定式，故反义疑问句用否定式。前半句为“It is the +序数词+完成时”的句型，反意疑问句的人称及时态要与句型中的it is保持一致，即用isn’t it。 11．it 【详解】句意：必须采取措施来制止污染，是不是？本题考查反意疑问句的规则。当陈述部分的主语是表示“事物”的不定代词something时，反意疑问部分的主语要用it来指代这个事物概念，遵循前肯后否的反意疑问句搭配逻辑。 12．it 【详解】句意：他丢了手表这件事不是真的，是吗？此处为反意疑问句，陈述句部分为主从复合句，主语为That引导的主语从句，反意疑问句的主语应用it。 13．doesn’t 【详解】句意：他认识那位赢得过四枚金牌的运动员，是吗？陈述句部分是主从复合句，主句主语是第三人称单数He，所以反意疑问句部分应根据主句的主语和谓语确定。主句部分是肯定句，谓语动词是实义动词knows，对应的助动词要用does； 根据“前肯后否”的规则，反意疑问部分需要用否定形式，结合主语He，最终填入doesn’t。 14．they 【详解】句意：几乎没人认识他，对吧？此处为反意疑问句。陈述句部分的主语是Few people，为复数，反意疑问部分的指代主语用they。 15．hadn’t you 【详解】句意：跑完步你最好休息一下，好吗？You’d better是You had better的缩写，反意疑问句需与had保持一致，遵循前肯后否规则，因此反意疑问部分用hadn’t you。 16．shouldn’t they 【详解】句意：人们应保持均衡饮食，是吗？主句主语 people，情态动词should，前肯后否，主语people用代词they替代，附加疑问部分为shouldn’t they。 17．shall 【详解】句意：让我们加入学校跑步俱乐部，好吗？以Let’s开头的祈使句，反义疑问部分固定用shall we。 18．do 【详解】句意：有些植物从不开花，是吗？反义疑问句遵循“前否后肯，前肯后否”的规则：陈述部分含有否定副词never，整体表达否定含义，因此疑问部分需用肯定形式。句子为一般现在时，谓语是实义动词blossom，主语some plants是复数，因此借助助动词 do构成疑问。 19．doesn’t 【详解】句意：珍妮认为罗伯特并不诚实，是吗？反义疑问句遵循“前否后肯，前肯后否”的规则。句尾附加疑问does she为肯定形式，因此主句必须为否定含义。主语Jenny是第三人称单数，句子为一般现在时，实义动词think的否定形式借助助动词doesn’t。 20．There 【详解】句意：那时候没有足够的时间了，是吗？本句是there be 句型的反义疑问句。反义疑问部分为was there，说明陈述部分是 there be结构，句首需填There。陈述部分wasn’t为否定形式，疑问部分was there为肯定形式，符合反义疑问句“前否后肯”的规则。 二、语法填空 Passage 1 Xiao Xue, the 20th of the 24 solar terms, usually falls on November 22nd or the nearby days, 1 (indicate) the beginning of the colder weather and the approach of snow. Xiao Xue literally means “minor snow.” During Minor Snow, it starts to snow lightly in many places, 2 in northern China, and the temperature continues to drop. The name “Minor Snow” suggests that the snowfall at this time is not heavy, 3 it’s a sign that colder weather is coming. In ancient China, people 4 (observe) the changes of nature during Minor Snow and divided it 5 three phases: the disappearance of rainbows, the hiding of vitality by living things, and the withering of forests. There are also many traditional customs which 6 (associate) with Minor Snow. For example, people in northern China like to store vegetables like Chinese cabbage, radish and 7 (potato) in the cellar (地窖). In southern China, people start making sausages and cured meat. Fishermen begin to dry fish for the winter, and the neat 8 (arrange) of dried, salted fish in the winter sunshine is a vivid picture of early winter. In addition, Minor Snow is a time for families 9 (gather) and enjoy delicious food. There’s a special liquor during Minor Snow called “Light Snow Liquor” 10 is made with the clearest spring water and tastes delicious on a cold winter day. Passage 2 In many films, whenever Earth faces a disaster, the 11 （solve） is always fleeing the planet 12 spaceship. But now the Chinese sci-fi movie, The Wandering Earth   13 （offer） a different and 14 （encourage） idea. In the film, Earth is being destroyed by the dying sun. In response, humans around the world work together 15 (build) a giant engine system, 16 will push Earth away from the sun. This"ambition" didn't come from nowhere. Up to now “homeland” 17 (have) a soft spot in the hearts and minds of Chinese people. This special cultural background 18 (probable) makes The Wandering Earth different from other films. The film was released on Feb 5, the first day of Chinese New Year. It was 19 time when many people had just made the hard journey back to 20 (they) hometowns. So there is only one possible way to tell the story： Earth goes wherever humans go,because it's our home. 语法填空1 1．indicating 2．especially 3．but 4．observed 5．into 6．are associated 7．potatoes 8．arrangement 9．to gather 10．which/that 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了小雪节气的特点、意义及相关传统习俗。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：小雪是24节气中的第20个，通常在11月22日或附近的日子，标志着寒冷天气的开始和降雪的临近。本空处为非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语与indicate“表明”为主动关系，所以用现在分词，作状语。故填indicating。 2．考查副词。句意：小雪期间，中国北方许多地方开始下小雪，气温持续下降。本空修饰介词短语in northern China，用副词especially“尤其”，作状语，故填especially。 3．考查连词。句意：小雪这个名字表明这个时候的降雪量不大，但它是天气变冷的信号。前文说降雪量小，后文说预示着寒潮将至，前后为转折关系，用连词but“但是”。故填but。 4．考查时态。句意：在中国古代，人们在小雪期间观察自然的变化，并将其分为三个阶段：彩虹的消失、万物生机勃勃的隐藏和森林的枯萎。根据时间状语In ancient China可知，句子陈述过去的事情，应用一般过去时，谓语用observe“观察”的过去式。故填observed。 5．考查介词。句意：在中国古代，人们在小雪期间观察自然的变化，并将其分为三个阶段：彩虹的消失、万物生机勃勃的隐藏和森林的枯萎。divide...into...为固定短语，意为“把……分成……”。故填into。 6．考查动词语态。句意：也有许多与小雪有关的传统习俗。本空处为定语从句的谓语动词，which指代先行词customs，与associate“联系”为被动关系，且句子陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态，which指代先行词customs，为复数概念，be动词用are。故填are associated。 7．考查名词复数。句意：例如，中国北方的人们喜欢把大白菜、萝卜和土豆等蔬菜储存在地窖里。potato为可数名词，由Chinese cabbage, radish可知，此处指不止一个土豆，空处应用名词复数形式。故填potatoes。 8．考查名词。句意：渔民们开始晒鱼过冬，冬日阳光下整齐摆放的咸鱼，构成了一幅生动的早冬图景。本空作句子的主语，用名词arrangement“排列，布置，摆放”，此处特指咸鱼的摆放，用单数形式。故填 arrangement。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，小雪是家人团聚、享受美食的时刻。本空处为非谓语动词作定语，修饰名词time，a time for sb to do sth.意为“某人做某事的时节/时刻”，应用动词不定式，作后置定语。故填to gather。 10．考查定语从句。句意：小雪期间有一种特殊的酒，叫做“小雪酒”，它是用最清澈的泉水酿造的，在寒冷的冬天喝起来味道鲜美。本空引导定语从句，先行词为Light Snow Liquor，指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。 语法填空2 11．disaster 【详解】考查名词。句意：这场地震对全国来说是一场可怕的灾难。根据汉语提示“灾难”可知，应填名词disaster，作表语，冠词a提示用单数。故填disaster。 12．shelters 【详解】考查名词。句意：红十字会为受害者提供了食物和临时避难所。根据句意和汉语提示可知，空处应填名词shelter“避难所”作宾语，此处表示泛指，且没有冠词限定，需用名词复数形式。故填shelters。 13．symbol 【详解】考查名词。句意：鸽子是和平的普遍象征。空处作表语，且被形容词universal修饰，名词symbol“象征”符合题意，冠词a提示用其单数形式。故填symbol。 14．means 【详解】考查名词。句意：阅读是提高语言技能的有效手段。结合空后的不定式短语“to improve your language skills”可知，“方式；手段”应用名词means，单复数同形，作表语，a means to do表示“做某事的手段”。故填means。 15．season 【详解】考查名词。句意：夏天是我最喜欢的季节。根据汉语提示“季节”及“Summer”可知，此处应是名词单数season，作表语。故填season。 11．solution 12．by 13．offers/is offering 14．encouraging 15．to build 16．which 17．has had 18．probably 19．a 20．their 【分析】这篇文章是说明文。主要介绍了电影流浪地球的相关内容。 11．考查名词。根据前文的定冠词，可知此处应为名词，所以填solve的名词形式solution。故填solution。 12．考查介词。句意:地球有灾难的时候通过宇宙飞船逃离这个星球。by通过...的方式，故填by。 13．考查动词时态和主谓一致。主语是the wandering earth，单数，后面动词应该是第三人称单数，所以是is offering或者是offers。故填offers/is offering。 14．考查动名词做定语。句意:流浪地球这部电影提供了一个与众不同并且鼓舞人心的想法。idea缺少修饰词，所以用encouraging作定语修饰。故填encouraging。 15．考查不定式的用法。前文已经有work作为谓语，此处用不定式作目的状语。故填to build。 16．考查非限定性定语从句。句意:全世界的人一起工作来建造一个可以把地球发射出太阳系的巨型机械系统。先行词是system，为物，非限制性定语从句只能用which在从句中做主语。故填which。 17．考查现在完成时。句意:时至今日，家园这个词已经成为中国人心里最柔软的地方。时间状语up to now直到今日，这是典型的现在完成时时间状语。故填has had。 18．考查副词。句意:这个特殊的文化背景或许使得流浪地球与其他电影不同。probably副词修饰后面的动词makes。故填probably。 19．考查冠词的用法以及固定句型。句意:这是许多人经过辛苦的漂泊回到自己家乡的时代。it is a time when...为固定句式，意为“...的时代”应该是用不定冠词a。故填a。 20．考查形容词性物主代词。hometown前面缺定语，所以应该用形容词性物主代词their来做定语。故填their。 【点睛】语法填空题需要注意句子构成的基本原则，通常用形容词修饰名词，副词修饰动词。例如：第一小题，定冠词修饰后文的名词solution；第八小题，用probably修饰动词makes。 5 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题18 疑问句（一般疑问句+特殊疑问句+反义疑问句+选择疑问句） 目录 考情分析与命题趋势 1 知识体系构建 1 考点精析与突破 3 考点一：一般疑问句精析 3 考点二：特殊疑问句精析 4 考点三：选择疑问句精析 5 考点四：反义疑问句精析 6 实战精练与提升 8 考试要求 英语句法是高考考察的重要内容。疑问句就是其中较为重要的考点。疑问句的概念和形式及其主要用发要牢固掌握。要准确理解一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、反义疑问句、选择疑问句在具体语境下的正确表达，弄懂句子中所隐含关键信息，务必克服汉语式的惯性思维，排除误导，培养发散性思维习惯。 命题分析 1. 一般疑问句的句义 及在听力、阅读理解和写作中考查 2. 特殊疑问句的句义 及在听力、阅读理解和写作中考查 3. 反义疑问句在听力、阅读理解和写作中考查 4. 选择疑问句在听力、阅读理解和写作中考查 一般疑问句 核心定义： 用于询问事情是否属实，期望对方用 Yes 或 No 来回答的句子。 结构公式： Be/助动词/情态动词 + 主语 + 谓语（实义动词） + 其他？ 句型转换： 陈述句：He can swim. → 疑问句：Can he swim? 陈述句：She has finished her work. (has是助动词) → Has she finished her work? 陈述句：She has a cat. (has是实义动词) → Does she have a cat? 回答方式：注意否定问句的回答，要符合中文逻辑。 Isn't he a student? 他不是学生吗？ Yes, he is. 不，他是学生。 No, he isn't. 对，他不是学生。 特殊疑问句 核心定义： 对句子中某一特定部分（如人、事、时间、地点、原因、方式等）进行提问，需要对方提供具体信息的句子。回答时不能用Yes/No。 结构公式： 特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句语序？ 语序问题：特殊疑问句的语序是疑问词 + 一般疑问句。 错误：Where you are going? 正确：Where are you going? 反义疑问句 核心定义： 附在陈述句之后，对陈述句所叙述的事实提出相反疑问的句子。前肯后否，前否后肯。 结构公式： 陈述句, + 助动词/be/情态动词 + (not) + 主语(代词)？ 回答方式： 根据事实回答。事实是肯定的，就用Yes；事实是否定的，就用No。 He isn't a teacher, is he? 他不是老师，对吧？ No, he isn't. (事实：他不是) 对，他不是。 Yes, he is. (事实：他是) 不，他是。 选择疑问句 核心定义： 提供两个或两个以上选项供对方选择的疑问句。回答不能用Yes/No，必须从选项中选择或给出其他答案。 结构形式： 形式一：一般疑问句 + or + 选择项？ Is this a pen or (is this) a pencil? Do you like tea or (do you like) coffee? 形式二：特殊疑问句 + 选项A + or + 选项B？ Which is bigger, Beijing or Shanghai? 考点一：一般疑问句精析 助动词的精准使用：当陈述句中没有be动词、情态动词或助动词时，必须根据时态和主语添加do/does/did。 She has lunch at home. (实义动词) → Does she have lunch at home? (不是Has she) They went to the park. → Did they go to the park? 否定疑问句的回答：严格按照事实回答，不受中文思维干扰。 — Isn't this book interesting? — ______. I don't like it at all. A. Yes, it is B. No, it isn't C. Yes, it isn't D. No, it is 答案：B。事实是“不有趣”，所以用No。 间接引语中的时态呼应：主句为过去时，疑问句的时态要相应后退。 He asked me, "Do you like English?" → He asked me if/whether I liked English. 变式题1（助动词与时态） — ______ your brother ______ to work by subway every day? — Yes, but sometimes he takes a bus. A. Do; go B. Does; goes C. Does; go D. Do; goes 变式题2（否定疑问句回答） — Didn't you tell him about the meeting? — ______. I phoned him, but he wasn't in. A. Yes, I did B. No, I did C. Yes, I didn't D. No, I didn't 变式题3（间接引语） Our teacher asked us ______ the words before having the dictation. A. if we reviewed B. whether did we review C. that we reviewed 考点二：特殊疑问句精析 疑问词的精准选择：尤其关注how的系列搭配，是高考高频考点。 how long：问时间段或物体长度。"For two weeks." / "Two meters." how soon：问“多快”，常与将来时连用。"In ten minutes." how often：问频率。"Twice a week." how far：问距离。"Five kilometers." — ______ will you finish the report? — In three days. (答案：How soon) 语序问题：特殊疑问句必须用疑问句语序。 I don't know ______ now. (他在哪里) A. where is he B. where he is C. he is where 答案：B。在宾语从句中，必须使用陈述语序。 “疑问词 + 不定式”结构：此结构相当于名词短语，非常简洁。 I don't know what I should do. = I don't know what to do. Can you tell me how I can get there? = Can you tell me how to get there? 变式题1（how词组辨析） — ______ is it from your home to the railway station? — It's about twenty minutes' ride. A. How long B. How far C. How soon D. How often 变式题2（宾语从句语序） Could you please tell me ______? A. where is the nearest bank B. where the nearest bank is C. the nearest bank is where 变式题3（疑问词+不定式） The problem is too difficult for him. He doesn't know ______. A. how to do B. what to do it C. what to do D. how to do it 考点三：选择疑问句精析 听力中的语调判断：这是选择疑问句在高考中最主要的考查方式。 规则：or前用升调(↗)，or后用降调(↘)。 听力理解中，通过语调可以判断这是一个需要你二选一的问题（选择疑问句），而不是一个简单的是非问题（一般疑问句全程升调）。 书面表达中的运用：使用选择疑问句可以增加句式的多样性，使文章更生动。 Instead of: "I don't know which one to choose." You can write: "Should I choose the red one or the blue one?" 变式题1（语调判断 - 情景对话） （听力情景）根据对话内容，判断第二个说话者是在回答一个一般疑问句还是选择疑问句。 M: Would you like a cup of tea ↗? W: No, thank you. 问：男士的问句是？ A. 选择疑问句 B. 一般疑问句 变式题2（结构识别） — Which subject do you prefer, physics ______ chemistry? — I prefer chemistry. A. and B. but C. or D. so 变式题3（书面表达应用） （书面表达题片段）在给你的英国笔友Mike的回信中，你需要询问他假期的偏好，以便为他制定计划。请用一个选择疑问句完成这个任务。 “Could you let me know ______________________________?” 考点四：反义疑问句精析 前否后肯原则：识别陈述句中的“隐藏否定”。 陈述句中有never, seldom, hardly, few, little, nothing, nobody等词时，疑问部分用肯定式。 He can hardly speak English, can he? You have nothing to say, have you? / do you? (注意：当have为实义动词时，也可用do) 祈使句的反义疑问句：固定搭配，必须牢记。 Let's... 表示建议，包括对方，用 shall we? Let us... 表示请求，征求对方许可，用 will you? 其他祈使句（Open the door. / Don't be late.）通常用 will you? 复合主句的匹配：当主句是I think/suppose/believe...时，疑问部分与从句保持一致。 I don't think he is right, ______? A. is he B. isn't he C. do I 答案：A。因为主句否定，从句意义上否定（他认为他不正确），所以从句是"He is not right"，故疑问部分用is he。 主语代词的指代： This/That → it These/Those -> they Everyone/Someone/Anyone -> they (常用) 或 he (正式) 变式题1（隐藏否定词） She seldom goes to the cinema, ______? A. does she B. doesn't she C. will she 变式题2（祈使句） Let's go out for a walk after dinner, ______? A. will you B. won't you C. shall we D. do we 变式题3（复合主句） I believe she will come to the party on time, ______? 一、单句语法填空 1． Nielsen then feel content in his career? Yes and no. (用适当的词填空) 2．Seeing is believing, isn’t ? (用适当的词填空) 3．The fishermen caught a lot of fish, didn’t ?(用适当的词填空) 4．—Do you think he will give up his original plan? —I hope . (用适当的词填空) 5．He thinks he’s got the right answer, he? (用适当的词填空) 6．One can’t be too careful, can ? (用适当的词填空) 7．You have a new bike, you? (用适当的词填空) 8．I told them not everybody could do it, I? (用适当的词填空) 9．Everyone enjoyed the party, didn’t ?(用适当的词填空) 10．It is the third time that John has been late,   it? (用适当的词填空) 11．Something must be done to stop pollution, isn’t ?(用适当的词填空) 12．That he has lost his watch is not true, is ? (用适当的词填空) 13．He knows the player who has won four gold medals, he? (用适当的词填空) 14．Few people know him, do ?(用适当的词填空) 15．You’d better take a break after running, ? (完成附加疑问句) 16．People should keep a balanced diet, ? (完成附加疑问句) 17．Let’s join the school running club, we? 18．Some plants never blossom, they?(用适当的词填空) 19．Jenny think that Robert is honest, does she?(用适当的词填空) 20． wasn’t enough time at that moment, was there? (用适当的词填空) 二、语法填空 Passage 1 Xiao Xue, the 20th of the 24 solar terms, usually falls on November 22nd or the nearby days, 1 (indicate) the beginning of the colder weather and the approach of snow. Xiao Xue literally means “minor snow.” During Minor Snow, it starts to snow lightly in many places, 2 in northern China, and the temperature continues to drop. The name “Minor Snow” suggests that the snowfall at this time is not heavy, 3 it’s a sign that colder weather is coming. In ancient China, people 4 (observe) the changes of nature during Minor Snow and divided it 5 three phases: the disappearance of rainbows, the hiding of vitality by living things, and the withering of forests. There are also many traditional customs which 6 (associate) with Minor Snow. For example, people in northern China like to store vegetables like Chinese cabbage, radish and 7 (potato) in the cellar (地窖). In southern China, people start making sausages and cured meat. Fishermen begin to dry fish for the winter, and the neat 8 (arrange) of dried, salted fish in the winter sunshine is a vivid picture of early winter. In addition, Minor Snow is a time for families 9 (gather) and enjoy delicious food. There’s a special liquor during Minor Snow called “Light Snow Liquor” 10 is made with the clearest spring water and tastes delicious on a cold winter day. Passage 2 In many films, whenever Earth faces a disaster, the 11 （solve） is always fleeing the planet 12 spaceship. But now the Chinese sci-fi movie, The Wandering Earth   13 （offer） a different and 14 （encourage） idea. In the film, Earth is being destroyed by the dying sun. In response, humans around the world work together 15 (build) a giant engine system, 16 will push Earth away from the sun. This"ambition" didn't come from nowhere. Up to now “homeland” 17 (have) a soft spot in the hearts and minds of Chinese people. This special cultural background 18 (probable) makes The Wandering Earth different from other films. The film was released on Feb 5, the first day of Chinese New Year. It was 19 time when many people had just made the hard journey back to 20 (they) hometowns. So there is only one possible way to tell the story： Earth goes wherever humans go,because it's our home. 5 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $