课时作业4 推理判断题(2)-【创新教程】2027年高考英语大二轮专题增分方案课时作业

英语 14.A[推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“According to the researchers,these measures miss important aspects of the experience,such as how Al influences people's thoughts,emotions,and willingness to explore new ideas..”可知，当前的衡量标准忽略了体验的重要方面， 比如人工智能如何影响人们的思想、情感和探索新想 法的意愿。由此可推知，当前人工智能的衡量标准忽 略了心理影响。] l5.CL推理判断题。根据第三段“Dr Walton,the lead author of the study,explained,'People often think Al speeds up tasks...about efficiency.It was about crea- tivity and cooperation.,”和倒数第二段中Dr Walton说 的话“Participants responded most positively to galleries that included a wide variety of ideas,including bad ones.These helped them move beyond their first thoughts and explore a wider range of designs.This structured diversity prevented early fixation and encour- aged creative risk-taking..”可知，他认为人工智能能激 发创意，提升参与感，鼓励探索。故其态度是支持的。」 课时作业4推理判断题(2) A.[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了 Halli因肌肉疾病使用轮椅，在回到冰岛后面临诸多不便， 于是他决定利用自己的资源发起“Ramp Up Reykjavik”非 营利项目，旨在为雷克雅未克市中心建造永久斜坡，以方 便轮椅通行。他的行动证明了共同努力可以使社会更加 包容。 l.A[细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“As he waited outside,he thought about how often he had been exclu- ded from places like restaurants and stores because they were not accessible.”以及第三段中的“After selling his company,Ueno,to Twitter (now X),he decided to use his resources to make Iceland more wheelchair-friendly." 可知，是缺乏轮椅通道激发了Halli启动“Ramp Up Rey- kjavik”项目。] 2.D[推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“Halli,a successful digital designer,had lived in many cities worldwide and no- ticed how differently they approached accessibility.After sell- ing his company,Ueno,to Twitter (now X),he decided to use his resources to make Iceland more wheelchair-friendly. 以及最后一段中“He hopes his work inspires others.Re cently,a woman built a ramp at her home so her wheelchair- using friend could visit easily..”可知，Halli决定利用自己的资 源让冰岛更加适合轮椅出行，旨在让冰岛变得更加包容，同 时他的工作激励了其他人，比如那位为轮椅朋友在家中建 造坡道的女性。由此表明，Hali是一个有启发性且富有开 创精神的人。] 3.A[推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“‘Equal ac cess is not a reality yet,'he says,but change starts with one person.’”可知，Halli期望人们从小事做起实 现平等无障碍。] B.[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作 者在60岁时决定独自旅行，克服内心的恐惧和不安，勇敢 追求梦想的故事，鼓励人们无论年龄多大都要追随自己的 梦想。 4.C[细节理解题。根据第一段“Yet as I turned60,the inner call grew increasingly urgent,accompanied by fears that I had missed my last chance,(然而，当我60岁时， 内心的呼唤变得越来越迫切，同时我也担心自己错过了 最后的机会。)”可知，作者60岁时决定独自旅行是因为 她最终回应了内心的呼唤。 30 5.B[推理判断题。根据第三段“According to a travel survey,I am far from alone.Among more than 2,800 respondents,20%of people over 50 plan to travel alone, and9I%have experienced such trips,.(根据一项旅行调 查，我并不孤单。在2800多名受访者中，20%的50岁 以上的人计划独自旅行，9]%的人有过这样的旅行经 历。)”可知，提到旅行调查的目的是为了证明作者的选 择是被广泛分享的，即很多人都有独自旅行的想法或 经历。] 6.D[推理判断题。根据第四段“The real inner conflict appeared when I was about to book my flight.Part of me silently prayed that the payment might not go through. However,I realized that the mixed feelings of excitement and terror are quite normal.(当我准备预订机票时，真 正的内心冲突出现了。我内心的一部分默默祈祷付款 可能不会成功。然而，我意识到兴奋和恐惧的混合感觉 是很正常的。)”可知，作者在预订机票时既兴奋又恐惧， 内心很矛盾。] 7.C[推理判断题。根据第一段“At60,I finally decided to pursue a dream that I had ignored for decades:trave- ling solo along Australia's western coast.(60岁时，我终 于决定追求一个我忽略了几十年的梦想：独自沿着澳大 利亚西海岸旅行。)”以及文章内容可知，文章主要讲述 了作者在60岁时决定独自旅行，尽管面临内心的恐惧和 不安，但在家人的支持和自己的决心下，最终决定勇敢 追求梦想的故事。作者想传达的信息是，无论年龄多 大，都应该追随自己的梦想。门 C,[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人类活 动，特别是游客在自然保护区的不当行为，对自然环境造成的负 面影响。 8.B[词义猜测题。根据文章划线句子上文“A dropped bag of chips disturbed a cave ecosystem in Carlsbad Cav- erns National Park,New Mexico.This cave is almost cut off from the outside world,so introducing anything for- eign can be harmful.”以及“Soon,small animals like crickets and spiders came to eat,spreading the pollu- ti0n.”可知，一袋薯片掉落在洞穴里，虽然护林员在几小 时内就发现了薯片，但是在此之前薯片已经吸引了微小 生物，导致了不必要的生物生长，蟋蟀和蜘蛛等小动物 也跑来觅食并扩散了污染。所以Ashley说“But that can be all it takes.”意思是损害已经造成了。] 9.A[细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Leaving waste in- troduces animals to an unnatural diet and changes their behavior with sometimes disastrous results.Bears who taste garbage and become a threat to humans may have to be put down.'Bears can get used to unnatural food in three weeks,says Watts.Everyone loses in this case’”可知，在公共土地上留下的外来垃圾会让动物接 触到非自然的食物，进而改变它们的行为，有时还会带 来灾难性的后果，比如尝到垃圾味道的熊会对人类构成 威胁。] 10.D[推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“‘It's just such a hard thing to resist,'says Blye...including reducing the risk of erosion and helping absorb rainfall, and can take hundreds of years to return to its original state.”可知，Blye说人们看到拍照机会很难抗拒，对敏 感生态系统的风险并不明显。人们很容易想到那边有 野花不应该踩到，但这些对沙漠生命至关重要的微小生 态系统有很多益处，而且需要数百年才能恢复到原来的 状态。所以作者在第五段提到野花是为了表明我们对 大自然敏感性的无意识。门 11.B[推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，文章开篇以一袋薯 片扰乱洞穴生态系统为例，接着讲述了食物垃圾、生物垃圾 等人类在公共土地上留下的废弃物对生态系统的危害，如 改变动物行为、引入有害细菌等，还提到游客踏出小径拍照 等行为对自然和野生动物造成长期损害，强调了人类活动 对自然环境的不良影响。所以文章传达的是我们应该在野 外不留下痕迹。] D.[语篇解读]这是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了历史 上技术突破利弊共存，如今A】使人类认知面临过时风险， 引发对人类地位和未来的担忧。 l2.D[推理判断题。根据第一段“From the discovery of fire to the first flights of airplanes,each technological breakthrough has promised to enhance human abilities while simultaneously (causing risks.Fire could warm us or destroy us;airplanes could connect us or be turned into tools of war.”可知，技术突破既有积极的一 面，也有消极的一面，这体现了事物都有两面性。] l3.A[推理判断题。根据第二段“For the first time in history,human cognition itself is at risk of being out- of-date”可知，作者说“But today,something is differ- ent.”指的是人类认知开始面临过时的情况。] 14.C[推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章通过列举“From the discovery of fire to the first flights of airplanes 火的发现到飞机的首次飞行)”“The airplanes enlarged our physical reach,the Internet expanded our access to information,and computers increased our ability to compute,.”等例子，来阐迷不同技术的特点以及人工智 能与以往技术的不同，从而呈现文章的主旨。] l5.A[观，点态度题。根据倒数第二段“What happens when machines can think better than we can?And, more importantly,what does it mean to be human in an age when our intellectual strength is no longer guaran- teed?”以及最后一段“AI's capacity to potentially outdo our intellectual talents puts humanity in a weak posi- tion,one where we must confront our own limitations." 可知，作者对人工智能的崛起表示担忧。] 课时作业5推理判断题(3) A.[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了伟 大的博物学家和艺术家玛丽亚·梅里安(Maria Merian)进 行了一次充满冒险的跨大西洋之旅以研究蝴蝶，三个多世 纪后，她的一本手绘彩色杰作的稀有副本正回归阿姆斯特 丹。《苏里南昆虫变态图谱》是自然历史领域最具吸引力 的书籍之一。文章同时讲述了梅里安的生平以及她做出 的贡献。 1.D[细节理解题。根据第二段中“Metamorphosis of the Suriname is one of the most fascinating(有吸引力的) books in natural history.It included some 60 richly col- oured plates illustrating the different stages of develop- ment that she had observed in Suriname's insects." 知，《苏里南昆虫变态图谱》是基于梅里安自己的观察(It was based on Merian's own observations.),书中有大约 60幅色彩丰富的插图，描绘了她在苏里南观察到的昆虫 的不同发育阶段。 2.CL推理判断题。根据第三段中“At that time,insects were believed to spring forth magically from mud,waste and plant matter in a process known as spontaneous generation'...The pioneering work of Merian was cel- ebrated for its scientific accuracy and for bringing a new standard of precision to scientific illustration..”可知，当 时人们认为昆虫是通过“自然发生”从泥土、废物和植物 物质中神奇地产生的，而梅里安的开创性工作以其科学 30 练习册参考答案 准确性和为科学插图带来新的精确标准而受到赞蓉，她 的艺术才能让更多人了解到昆虫从卵到成虫的转变，说 明她的作品塑造了我们对昆虫的理解(It shaped our un derstanding of insects.) 3.C[推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Her image would be dismissed as a fantasy.In the 18th century,people re- sponded:'that's what you get when you send a woman to tropical places..She probably made that up'.”可知，在l8 世纪，人们认为派一个女人去热带地区得到的结果可能 是编造的，这暗示在梅里安那个时代，自然研究被认为 是男性的领域(It was considered the domain of men,)。] B.[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了耶 鲁大学癌症药物开发教授郑永齐研究一种新的治疗癌症 的方法。 4.D[推理判断题。根据第一段中“Fellow researchers and experts advised him to change course,because devel- oping botanical drugs was too complicated and too risky. But Cheng didn't let the idea go..”可推知，研究人员最初 认为郑永齐的研究是具有挑战性的。] 5.B[推理判断题。根据第二段中“Shwu-Huey Liu,a postdoctoral researcher in Cheng's Yale lab,spent hours leafing through ancient Chinese texts at Yale's library seeking the properties of Chinese herbs.She returned with Huang Qin Tang,a 1,800-year-old treatment for stomach illnesses,based on which the team developed a drug and tested it on one thousand mice,”可推知，刘淑 惠参考中国古代文献是因为她希望找到治疗疾病的 灵感。] 6.D[段落大意题。根据第三段“What followed were years of additional testing of the drug's effectiveness for a range of cancers in multiple human studies involving o- ver 200 patients.The positive effects displayed again and again,Y1V-906 not only reduced the side effects of radi- ation treatment,but also led to faster recovery and lon- ger survival rates..”可知，第三段主要讲了YIV-906的有 效性。 7.A[推理判断题。根据第四段中“When the results of the international trial are available about three years from now,YIV-906 may find itself next in a long line of breakthrough drugs developed from natural products, which includes a malaria (treatment developed from the Chinese herb ginghao,the discovery of which led to a Nobel Prize for chemist Tu Youyou."可推知，作 者提到中药青蒿是为了说明植物性药物的价值。] C.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了地 球已经越过了第一个气候临界点，气候危机日益严重，并 强调了采取紧急行动以应对气候变化的必要性。 8.D[推理判断题。根据第一段“The earth has officially passed its first climate tipping point -a point where many small changes lead to a sudden big shift in the cli- mate system,just like the last straw that breaks a camel's back,.(地球已经正式越过了第一个气候临界，点 一许多小的变化导致气候系统突然发生大的转变，就 像压垮骆驼的最后一根稻草。)”可知，作者通过下定义 的方式解释了“tipping point”。] 9.B[推理判断题。根据第三段“If the Earth continues to warm,the Amazon rainforest may die back,ice sheets could melt quickly,and a key ocean-current system might break down.Of these threats,the Amazon is a major concern.Deforestation there,combined with ris- ing temperatures,has greatly increased the risk of reac课时作业4扌 A(记叙文) Late one night in July 2020,Halli was walking around Reykjavik's main shopping street with his family.They had just moved back to Iceland from the United States and were struggling with jet lag(时差).When his three-year-old son wanted a drink from a corner store,Halli faced a problem:a 20-centimetre step blocked his wheelchair from entering the store. This was not new to Halli,who has used a wheelchair since age 25 due to a muscle dis- ease.As he waited outside,he thought about how often he had been excluded from places like restaurants and stores because they were not accessible. Halli,a successful digital designer,had lived in many cities worldwide and noticed how differently they approached accessibility. After selling his company,Ueno,to Twitter (now X),he decided to use his resources to make Iceland more wheelchair-friendly. In202l,he launched Ramp(斜坡)Up Reykjavik,a non-profit project aiming to build 100 permanent ramps in the city's downtown within a year.Unlike temporary ramps in other cities,these were designed to fit perfectly with the buildings,making them look like they had always been there. With government funding and sponsors, the project went beyond its goal and expanded nationwide.By 2026,the team plans to build 1,500 ramps across Iceland,costing about 400 million Icelandic krona. Iceland's president praised the project, saying,"We want our society to be inclusive. Halli has shown us how easy it is to make a difference when we work together. In just three years,Halli has become a local hero,known as a“kind tech giant'”.He hopes his work inspires others.Recently,a woman built a ramp at her home so her wheelchair-using friend could visit easily. “Equal access is not a reality yet,”he says, “but change starts with one person.” 2 难理判断题(2) 1.What inspired Halli to start the 'Ramp Up Reykjavik'project? A.The lack of wheelchair access. B.His son's difficulty in finding a drink. C.A suggestion from Iceland's president. D.His desire to become famous in Iceland. 2.Which of the following best describes Halli? A.Generous and patient. B.Positive and energetic. C.Smart and hardworking. D.Inspiring and pioneering. 3.What dose Halli expect people to do about equal access? A.Go ahead to start from small. B.Build ramps in every city. C.Appeal to government for funds. D.Raise awareness through media. B(记叙文) At 60,I finally decided to pursue a dream that I had ignored for decades:trave- ling solo along Australia's western coast.For years,my longing for adventure had been drowned out by family,work and responsibil- ities.Yet as I turned 60,the inner call grew increasingly urgent,accompanied by fears that I had missed my last chance. Around that period,I was working with Jack,a 30-year-old client who intended to quit his job and explore the world.Our week- ly talks acted like a mirror,pushing me to face my own fears of being laughed at,criti- cized by others,and abandoning the comfort- able life I had been used to. According to a travel survey,I am far from alone.Among more than 2,800 re- spondents,20%of people over 50 plan to travel alone,and 91%have experienced such trips.A strong sense of independence and a “seize the moment'”attitude are inspiring ol- der travelers to see the world in their own way. The real inner conflict appeared when I was about to book my flight.Part of me si- lently prayed that the payment might not go through.However,I realized that the mixed feelings of excitement and terror are quite normal.As people age,steady routines bring 4 a sense of security,yet many people limit themselves to the comfort zone long after it stops benefiting them. Fortunately,I had my family's full sup- port.My husband and children all encouraged me to follow my heart.Their warmth left me wondering why I had hesitated for so many years. Research shows that facing fears helps produce dopamine,the brain's“feel-good” chemical.As I often tell my clients,"Noth- ing grows in the comfort zone except regret. Now prepared to board my flight,I firmly be- lieve fortune favors the brave.It is better to live bravely than to let dreams die without trying. 4.Why did the author decide to travel solo at60? A.She was inspired by Jack's plan. B.She was motivated by a travel survey. C.She finally responded to her inner call. D.She attempted to abandon responsibilities. 5.What is the purpose of mentioning the trav- el survey？ A.To show that travel appeals to all. B.To prove her choice is widely shared. C.To stress we should seize the moment. D.To indicate seniors value independence. 6.What can be known about the author from Paragraph 4? A.She doubted her comfort zone. B.She silently prayed to miss the trip. C.She worried about breaking routines. D.She was torn between joy and worry. 7.What message does the author want to con vey? A.Overcome fears to avoid regret. B.Appreciate support from family. C.Follow your dreams despite age. D.Prioritize security over adventure. C(说明文) A dropped bag of chips disturbed a cave ecosystem in Carlsbad Caverns National Park,New Mexico.This cave is almost cut off from the outside world,so introducing anything foreign can be harmful."Things in the damp cave get wet quickly,"says park guide Ashley.The snack attracts tiny organ- isms,causing unwanted growth.Soon,small 2 animals like crickets and spiders came to eat, spreading the pollution.Rangers found the bag within hours."But that can be all it takes,”says Ashley..“I'm sure some crickets got a bit of the snack.” Over 500 million people visit American public lands each year,creating many chances to harm wild places."When you look at the numbers,it's incredible,"says Watts,head of the Leave No Trace Center in Colorado,an organization aimed at minimizing human im- pact on nature. Food waste takes a long time to break down,especially in certain areas."It takes much longer for an apple core to rot in a des- ert than in a forest,says Blye,a teacher at the University of Utah.Leaving waste intro- duces animals to an unnatural diet and chan- ges their behavior with sometimes disastrous results.Bears who taste garbage and become a threat to humans may have to be put down. "Bears can get used to unnatural food in three weeks,”says Watts..“Everyone loses in this Case.” Biological waste is also problematic.Dog waste brings new bacteria into the ecosystem and scares away deer.Meanwhile,human waste and toilet paper introduces dangerous bacteria into water sources. In national parks,trails(小路)are de signed to avoid sensitive areas.Stepping off the trail,even for a quick photo,can scare wildlife away.Impacts from many visitors re- sult in long-term damage to nature and wild- life. But people don't think of that when they see the perfect photo opportunity."It's just such a hard thing to resist,"says Blye.The risk to sensitive ecosystems isn't obvious. "It's easy to think,oh,there's wildflowers over there.,】shouldn't step on that,”says Blye,but these tiny ecosystems full of micro- scopic organisms essential to desert life pro- vide many benefits,including reducing the risk of erosion(侵蚀)and helping absorb rain- fall,and can take hundreds of years to return to its original state. 8.What does Ashley mean by "But that can be all it takes..”? A.The rangers'work is efficient. B.The damage has been done. C.The cleanup takes a long time. D.The pollution has spread widely. 9.What is a result of foreign waste in public lands? A.A shift in animal behavior. B.A shortage of food supplies. C.A decline in bacterial species. D.An increase in regional conflicts. 10.Why does the writer mention wildflowers in Paragraph 5? A.To praise their benefits to desert life. B.To highlight our damage to ecosystems. C.To stress their significance for photog- raphy. D.To show our unawareness of nature's sensitivity. 11.It is conveyed in this passage that we should A.encourage wildlife protection B.leave no trace in the wild C.promote national park tourism D.restore ecological damage D(议论文) Since the dawn of human history,inno- vation has been a balancing act of wonder and fear.From the discovery of fire to the first flights of airplanes,each technological break- through has promised to enhance human abilities while simultaneously(同时)causing risks.Fire could warm us or destroy us;airplanes could con- nect us or be turned into tools of war.Yet through all these advancements,one constant has re- mained:human cognition(认知)，the unique spark of thought and creativity that has shaped our pro- gress. But today,something is different.For the first time in history,human cognition it- self is at risk of being out-of-date.With the rise of artificial intelligence (AI),we are no longer just building tools to enhance our abili- ties;we are building systems that may be su- perior to our very capacity to think,create, and innovate.This shift doesn't just complete- ly change industries,but it also challenges the core of what makes us human.In past inno- vations,technologies functioned as extensions of 2 human abilities.The airplanes enlarged our physi- cal reach,the Internet expanded our access to in- formation,and computers increased our ability to compute.These tools were clearly under human control,operating within the boundaries we set. However,AI is fundamentally different. It operates in the range of cognition,not merely conducting tasks,but also learning, reasoning,and even generating creative con- tent.From writing news articles to diagnosing diseases,Al systems are performing tasks once thought to require uniquely human judg- ment.What happens when machines can think better than we can?And,more importantly, what does it mean to be human in an age when our intellectual strength is no longer guaranteed? Historically,we've accepted obsoles- cence(过时)as part of the cycle of innovation and,in most situations,embraced it.Outdat- ed tools should be abandoned,and new ones take their place.But when the“tool”at risk of obsolescence is human cognition itself,we en- ter unknown area.AI's capacity to potentially outdo our intellectual talents puts humanity in a weak position,one where we must confront our own limitations. 12.What can we infer from the first para- graph? A.One good turn deserves another. B.Take things as they come. C.Don't put the cart before the horse. D.Every coin has two sides. 13.What does the author mean by saying "But today,something is different in Paragraph 2? A.Human cognition starts to be outdated. B.Wonder and fear have lost balance. C.Human cognition has reached a ceiling. D.Creativity has shaped our progress. 14.How is the main idea presented in the text? A.By telling stories. B.By analyzing causes. C.By giving examples. D.By applying inferences. 15.What is the author's attitude towards the rise of artificial intelligence? A.Concerned. B.Skeptical. C.Positive. D.Unclear. 6