课时作业1 细节理解题(1)-【创新教程】2027年高考英语大二轮专题增分方案课时作业

课时作业1 A(应用文) African Impact in Zambia Best for medical volunteering Program length:2-4 weeks Starting from:$2,650 for 2 weeks What's included:accommodation in a volunteer house,3 meals a day,airport pickup, 24/7 support,workshops and training Pros: O Get a well-rounded experience by volunteering at hospitals,local homes,and community health education centers. Stay at a fully equipped volunteer house with a pool. X Cons: O Those without training or qualifica- tions may be limited to observation or health education. O The 4-week time limit may not be enough for some volunteers wishing to stay longer and immerse(使沉浸)themselves in a project. With African Impact,you'll jump into a flexible 2-to 4-week program of medical vol- unteering focused on supporting communities in need around the Livingstone area.Projects address topics like public health,physical health and disease prevention,and health education.You will find opportunities to assist in a range of activities,with more fo- cus on your personal areas of knowledge and interest, Project coordinators(协调员)help sup- port your professional development through- out the experience.Outside of volunteering, Livingstone is a stone's throw from Victoria Falls and other areas of amazing natural beau- ty in Zambia.As a volunteer,you'll stay at a comfortable volunteer house,where you might meet many new friends with similar interests. 细节理解题(1) Not only did I truly feel the impact that the medical project I took part in had on local communities,but I also made the most amazing memories!It also truly helped me realize what I want to do with my future. Catherine 1.Why do some volunteers feel unsatisfied according to the text? A.The accommodation is costly. B.Training is not offered. C.The project duration is short. D.The meals are all local. 2.What can we know about the volunteer work? A.It mainly runs in big hospitals. B.It requires rich medical experience. C.It matches volunteers'strengths. D.It provides volunteers with payment. 3.What did Catherine gain from the project? A.Clear career goals. B.A medical degree certificate. C.New lifelong friends. D.A free trip to Victoria Falls. B(记叙文) Raised in Miami,surrounded by poverty and struggling schools,Barrington Irving overcame all the difficulties to become the youngest person to fly alone around the world.He not only built his own plane and completed his historic flight,but also founded an educational non-profit organization.Irving believes the root of success lies in first having a dream一something sparked（激发)by powerful learning experiences that inspire children to pursue careers,particularly in the fields of science,technology,engineering, and mathematics. The moment of inspiration for Irving came at 15 while he was working in his parents'bookstore.A customer,a profes- sional pilot,asked Irving if he'd ever consid- ered becoming a pilot."I told him I didn't think I was smart enough;but the next day when he gave me the chance to sit in the pilot's seat of a real commercial airplane,I knew I loved it.” 205 Driven by his newfound passion,Irving began washing airplanes to save up for flight school.He improved his skills by practicing ona$40 flight simulator(模拟器)video game at home.Then another dream took hold:flying alone around the world.He faced more than 50 rejections for sponsorship before finally persuading several companies to donate individual aircraft components.His eventual takeoff was an act of faith-with no weather radar,no deicing system,and just $30 in his pocket. After 97 days,26 stops and dozens of thunderstorms,snowstorms and sandstorms, he finally landed to a roaring crowd in Miami. "Stepping from the plane,what truly changed my life wasn't the celebration;it was seeing so many young,inspired faces watching and listening.I had no money,but I was deter- mined to give back with my time,knowledge and experience."True to his word,he has been doing so ever since.Irving's non-profit- making organization,Experience Aviation 空)，aims to channel the wonder he saw in those young eyes into concrete career paths, thereby increasing the numbers of youth in aviation. 4.What does Irving believe is most important for success? A.A good education. B.An intense devotion. C.A strong initial dream. D.A clear career outlook. 5.Why did Irving decide to become a pilot? A.He played flight simulator games well. B.He was inspired by a firsthand experi- ence. C.His parents'bookstore specialized in avi- ation. D.He received a scholarship from a flight school. 6.What do we learn about Irving from Para- graph 3? A.He was funded to fulfill his dream. B.He donated his plane to a flight school. C.He used to be addicted to video games. D.He never gave up in face of difficulties. 2( 7.Why did Irving set up Experience Aviation? A.To set an example for the youth. B.To share his personal flight stories. C.To offer financial support to young peo- ple. D.To get young people interested in avia- tion. C(说明文) Want to know the current population of India?The Internet is your best bet.Need a quick refresher on the phases of the moon? Go ahead,read a story online (or two or three).But if you really need to learn some- thing,you're probably better off with print. Or at least that's what a lot of research now suggests. Researchers find that people tend to read faster on screens.That's fine for checking texts and social media posts.But when screens are small,the extra scrolling needed to read a long article or book may make it har- der to retain what you're reading,data now show. That doesn't just depend on the device, however.It also depends on what you assume about the text.Naomi Baron calls this your mindset.She says one way mindset works is in anticipating how easy or hard we expect the reading to be.If we think it will be easy,we might not put in much effort. Much of what we read on screens tends to be text messages and social media posts, which are usually easy to understand.So, "when people read on screens,they read fas- ter,"says Alexander at the University of Maryland."Their eyes scan the pages and the words faster than if they're reading on a piece of paper."But when reading fast,we may not absorb all the ideas as well. However,all experts agree on one thing: There's no going back.Digital reading is here to stay.So it pays to make the most of it.It's a good idea to do a little preparation.Baron compares reading to sports or to playing mu- sic."Watch a pianist or an athlete.Before they run the race or play the concert,they get themselves in the zone,”she says.“It'sthe same thing for reading.Before you read some- thing you really want to focus on,get in the zone.Think about what you'll be reading,and what you want to get from it. 6 8.Which is NOT the possible element affect- ing people's reading on screens? A.Small screens. B.Reader's mindset. C.Simple posts. D.Reading skills. 9.What may all experts agree as for digital reading? A.It's unavoidable. B.It's unhelpful. C.It's unpredictable. D.It's unacceptable. 10.Why does Baron mention the pianist and the athlete? A.To define a term. B.To support an idea. C.To explain a concept. D.To present the background. 11.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A.The Rise of Digital Reading B.The Benefits of Print Reading C.Balancing Print and Digital Reading D.Preparing for the Digital Reading Era D(说明文) Thirty years ago,while working on a right whale research project in the Bay of Fundy,Canada,I witnessed a remarkable sight.A male right whale with mud on its head,indicating it had been feeding at the bottom,came up to breathe and rest.Just be- fore diving again,it let out a huge mass of poop(粪便).The water was filled with poop that looked like red floating bricks and had a strong,unpleasant smell.If it got on your clothes,you'd have to discard them as it couldn't be washed out. This initial encounter later inspired me to conduct global search for whale poop,taking me from Iceland to Mexico,Alaska,and Ha- waii.Right whale poop has a particularly strong and awful smell,but I've come to ap- preciate it.Whale poop provides valuable in- sights.It shows what whales eat,their hor- mones,if they're ready to reproduce,how stressed they are,what's in their gut(内脏)， and their family tree.It also helps us assess the level of mercury and pollution in the ocean, 2( This experience set the path for my re- search career.Two years after seeing whale poop for the first time,I took an ocean ecology class and learned about the biological pump.Phytoplankton(浮游植物)grows near the ocean surface and through the food chain, nutrients can sink to the deep sea.However,I realized that right whales,which feed at depth and poop at the surface,likely bring nutrients like iron and so on back up.This led to the concept of the“whale pump”,which does the opposite of the biological pump by pumping nutrients back to the surface.These nutrients can be absorbed by phytoplankton and flow through the ocean food chain.This is important because some people in Japan, Norway,and Iceland think whales eat "our fish"and cause fish numbers to drop.The whale pump shows that the relationship is more complex and that whales might actually increase fish populations. Whale poop not only helps us understand the present ocean but also gives us a look into the past when there were more whales.Resto- ring whales and their nutrient pathways could help make the ocean more diverse. l2.What does the underlined word“discard” in Paragraph 1 mean? A.Abandon. B.Wash. C.Keep. D.Appreciate. 13.Why does the author appreciate whale poop? A.It provides a remarkable sight. B.It makes the author travel a lot. C.It looks like red floating bricks. D.It makes precious insights available. 14.What is the effect of the "whale pump"? A.Nutrients float to the surface. B.Fisheries experience a decline. C.The ocean food chain is threatened. D.The environment is polluted severely. 15.What is the purpose of the text? A.To describe the abnormal behavior of right whales. B.To explain the ecological importance of whale poop. C.To argue against the idea that whales harm fisheries. D.To discuss how we can understand the present ocean. 7英语练习 「课时作业练门 课时作业1细节理解题(1) A.[语篇解读]文章主要介绍了African Impact在赞比亚 的医疗志愿服务项目，包括项目时长、费用、内容以及志愿 者反馈。 1.C[细节理解题。根据第一张表格中“XCos:”部分中 "The 4-week time limit may not be enough for some vol- unteers wishing to stay longer and immerse(使沉浸) themselves in a project..(4周的时间限制对希望停留更 长时间并沉浸在项目中的志愿者来说可能不够。)”可 知，一些志愿者感到不满意是因为项目持续时间短。」 2.C「细节理解题。根据第一张表格后段落中“You will find opportunities to assist in a range of activities,with more focus on your personal areas of knowledge and in- terest.(你将有机会在一系列活动中提供帮助，更多地 关注你个人的知识和兴趣领域。)”可知，志愿工作与志 愿者的优势相匹配。] 3.A[细节理解题。根据第二张表格中Catherine的评论 "Not only did I truly feel the impact that the medical project I took part in had on local communities,but I al- so made the most amazing memories!It also truly helped me realize what I want to do with my future.(我不仅真 切地感受到了我参与的医疗项目对当地社区的影响，还 创造了最美好的回忆！它也确实帮助我认清了自己未 来想要做什么。)”可知，Catherine从项目中获得了清晰 的职业目标。] B.[语篇解读]本文讲述Barrington Irving出身于迈阿密 贫困环境、求学条件艰难，却凭借自身努力成为全球最年 轻单人环球飞行者，他创办非营利机构，用自身经历激励 青少年投身科创与航空领域。 4.C[细节理解题。根据第一段“Irving believes the root of success lies in first having a dream -something sparked by powerful learning experiences that inspire children to pursue careers,particularly in the fields of science,technology,engineering,and mathematics.(Ir- ving认为成功的根源首先在于拥有梦想，深刻的学习经 历会激发孩子去追求职业发展，尤其在数理工程与科技 领域。)”可知，他认为成功最重要的是起初拥有坚定的 梦想。门 5.B[细节理解题。根据第二段“1 told him I didn't think I was smart enough;but the next day when he gave me the chance to sit in the pilot's seat of a real commercial airplane,I knew I loved it.（我告诉对方自己不够聪明， 但第二天对方让我坐进真实民航飞机的驾驶座，那一刻 我确定自己热爱飞行。)”可知，这次亲身经历给了他启 发，促使他立志成为飞行员。」] 6.DL推理判断题。根据第三段“He faced more than50 rejections for sponsorship before finally persuading sev- eral companies to donate individual aircraft components. (他寻求赞助遭到50多次拒绝，最终才说服多家公司捐 赠飞机零部件。)”可知，面对多次拒绝与重重困难他始 终没有放弃。] 7.D[细节理解题。根据第四段“Irving's non-profit-mak- ing organization,Experience Aviation,aims to channel the wonder he saw in those young eyes into concrete ca- reer paths,thereby increasing the numbers of youth in 29 练习册参考答案 册参考答案 aviation,.(Irving创办的非营利机构Experience Avia- tion,旨在把年轻人眼中对飞行的好奇转化为切实职业 道路，让更多青年投身航空领城。)”可知，创办该机构的 初衷是激发年轻人对航空的兴趣。] C.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了数 字阅读与纸质阅读的差异，并指出数宇阅读的普及趋势以 及如何更好地适应数字阅读时代。 8.D[细节理解题。根据文章第二段“But when screens are small,the extra scrolling needed to read a long article or book may make it harder to retain what you're read- ing,data now show.”可知，小屏幕（选项A)是影响因 素。根据第三段“It also depends on what you assume about the text.Naomi Baron calls this your mindset." 知，读者的心态（选项B)是影响因素。根据第四段 "Much of what we read on screens tends to be text mes- sages and social media posts,which are usually easy to understand.”可知，简单的帖子（选项C)是影响因素。文 章未提及阅读技能（选项D)对屏幕阅读的影响。] 9.A[细节理解题。根据文章第五段“However,all ex- perts agree on one thing:There's no going back.Digital reading is here to stay..”可知，数字阅读是不可避免的。] l0.B[推理判断题。根据文章第五段“Baron compares reading to sports or to playing music.'Watch a pianist or an athlete.Before they run the race or play the con- cert,they get themselves in the zone,'she says.'It's the same thing for reading.Before you read something you really want to focus on,get in the zone.,"可知， Baron提到钢琴家和运动员是为了支持阅读前需要准 备的观点。] 11.C[主旨大意题。文章开篇提到如果只是查看信息可 以在网上阅读，但如果真的要学习知识，可能印刷品更 好；接着阐述了在屏幕上阅读的特点及影响因素；最后 又提到数字阅读已经存在且要充分利用它并做好准 备。整体围绕着印刷阅读和数字阅读展开，强调了两 者的情况，所以“平衡印刷阅读和数字阅读”作为标题 最合适。] D.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了鲸 鱼粪便的生态重要性。作者通过自身研究经历，说明鲸鱼 粪便如何提供宝贵信息，促进海洋生态循环，并反驳了鲸 鱼导致鱼类减少的观点，强调恢复鲸鱼数量对海洋多样性 的积极意义。 l2.A[词义猜测题。根据第一段“The water was filled with poop that looked like red floating bricks and had a strong,unpleasant smell.If it got on your clothes, you'd have to discard them as it couldn't be washed 0ut.”可知，如果像红色漂浮砖块的粪便沾到你的衣服 上，它是洗不掉的，所以衣服只能扔掉，可推理出“is card”在上下文中指因无法清洗而“丢弃”衣物。] l3.D[细节理解题。根据第二段“Right whale poop has a particularly strong and awful smell,but I've come to appreciate it.Whale poop provides valuable insights.It shows what whales eat,their hormones,if they're ready to reproduce,how stressed they are,what's in their gut(内脏)，and their family tree,.It also helps us assess the level of mercury and pollution in the ocean." 可知，作者重视鲸鱼粪便是因为它能提供珍贵的研究 数据。」 英语 14.A[细节理解题。根据第三段“This led to the concept of the whale pump',which does the opposite of the biological pump by pumping nutrients back to the sur- fce.”可知，鲸鱼系的作用是将营养物质带到海洋 表面。] l5.B[推理判断题。根据第二段“Whale poop provides valuable insights....It also helps us assess the level of mercury and pollution in the ocean,”、第三段“This led to the concept of the 'whale pump',which does the op- posite of the biological pump by pumping nutrients back to the surface.”以及最后一段“Whale poop not only helps us understand the present ocean but also gives us a look into the past when there were more whales.Re- storing whales and their nutrient pathways could help make the ocean more diverse..”可知，文章围绕鲸鱼粪便 的生态作用展开，包括其研究价值、促进营养循环的 “鲸鱼系”机制及对海洋多样性的意义，可推理出本文 的写作目的是解释鲸鱼粪便的生态重要性。 课时作业2细节理解题(2) A.[语篇解读]本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了巴 厘岛的四个景，点。 1.A[细节理解题。根据Bedugul部分中“Afterward, make a quick stop at Candi Kuning,the traditional fruit and vegetable market,to get your hands on some freshly grown,local produce.”可知，游客在Bedugul可以了解 当地的农产品。] 2.D[细节理解题。根据Menjangan Island部分中“Back on the mainland,venture onward to Banjar Hot Springs on the Seririt coast.Relax yourself in its warm waters considered by locals to possess a mix of natural nutrients and minerals..”可知，在班加尔泡温泉可以使人放松，故 给想要在Seririt海岸恢复精力的游客推荐泡温泉。] 3.B[细节理解题。根据Kintamani部分中“Afterward, head to Pura Puneak Penulisan.Located on the peak of Penulisan Mountain(1,745m),it is the highest temple in Bali,with 336 steps rising all the way to the peak." 知，Pura Puncak Penulisan位于山顶。] B.[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了凯森受 祖母影响学会烹饪，领悟美食维系亲情的意义，并坚持传 承家族菜谱的温暖故事。 4.BL细节理解题。根据第二段中的“His parents both had demanding jobs,so Kaysen took on dinner duty to take one thing off their plates,tapping into what he learned from his grandma and bringing his family around the dinner table at the end of a long day.(凯森的父母工 作都十分繁重，于是他主动承担起做晚饭的任务，为父 母减轻一份负担。他运用从祖母那里学到的厨艺，让一 家人在漫长忙碌的一天结束后，能围坐餐桌共享晚 餐。)”可知，父母工作忙碌繁重，是他开始为家人做饭的 原因。」 5.A[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But at that mo ment,it clicked that cooking can be the basis of connec- tion.(但就在那一刻，他突然明白，京饪可以成为人与人 之间情感联结的纽带。)”可知，那个寒冷冬日，他意识到 烹饪能够凝聚人心、拉近彼此距离。] 6.C[词句猜测题。根据最后一段中的“‘I carry on my grandma's memory through her recipes,'Kaysen said. 'Everything I learn is on the shoulders of someone who came before me,and this is a way I can honor that.'( 通过祖母的食谱延续对她的回忆。我所学的一切都得 29 益于前人的积累，而这是一种向那致敬的方式。)”可知， 前文指出作者依靠传承食谱留住祖母的回忆，本句用 that指代上文重复出现的核心名词grandma's memory。] 7.D「推理判断题。通读全文，文章围绕凯森的个人成 长、祖母对他的影响、烹饪经历与人生感悟展开，讲述个 人生平相关经历与思想，结合文体特征可知，本文属于 人物传记类文章。] C.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了合 作的重要性，不仅在人类进化过程中对成功至关重要，也 在现代社会互动和关系中起着重要作用。 8.A[细节理解题。根据第二段“Although definitions va ry,cooperation has been defined as working or acting to- gether for mutual benefit.It requires two or more people to act in the best interest of their collective rather than acting for selfish benefit.,”可知，关于合作的最好定义是 为共同利益而共同行动。] 9.C[推理判断题。根据第三段“If we consider the dan gerous environments that our ancestors grew up in,.. and helped gather food as well as warnings about what to avoid eating.”可知，作者提到人类历史上的危险环境是 为了突出合作在人类生存中的作用。] l0.A[细节理解题。根据最后一段“In business,when we work collaboratively with others,be it at an individu- al level between employees)or an industry level (be- tween organizations),the shared resources and shared i- deas enable innovation to flourish.”可知，在专业环境中 合作通过分享想法和资源来促进创新以达到成功。] ll.C[主旨大意题。根据第一段“It would be difficult to overemphasize the importance of cooperation,not only because it was fundamental to the success of our species through evolution,but because it is fundamental to the success of almost all modern social interactions and rela- tionships.”和最后一段最后一句“It is exactly this coop erative approach of 'two heads are better than one'that is at the heart of project success throughout academia and the private sector..”可知，文章主要是讲合作是人类 发展的重要动力。] D.[语篇解读]本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了现 代社会中人们对数字技术的过度依赖及其带来的负面影 响，强调了适度不适的重要性，并提出了通过“微量困难” (microdosing hardship)来增强个人适应力和韧性。 12.D[词义猜测题。根据第一段中“Imagine waking up one moming to find your smartphone missing.You can no longer get guided to work,order your coffee,or connect with friends.For most of us,it is a nightmare(最梦)，But it should not be exactly far-fetched.”可知，这里的语境是假设 智能手机突然消失的情景虽然令人不安，但它不应该是不 能被接受的。] l3.C[细节理解题。根据第二、三段中“All of this is due to our growing dependence on social media and... While these conveniences offer short-term relief,they may weaken our thinking skills.”可知，数字便利可能导 致思考能力的下降。] 14.A[细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Think of it as 'microdosing hardship'-a series of small,manageable difficulties that keep our mental and emotional muscles strong,such as writing with a pen,or washing dishes by hand.”可知，采取“微量困难”的实际行动是做一些 小的、可以管理的困难的事情，A选项“爬楼梯而不是 乘电梯。”符合“微量困难”的含义。] 8