探究二 第二讲 冠词，代词和介词-【创新教程】2027年高考英语大二轮专题增分方案学生用书

[第二板块]核心素养之语言运用篇 第二讲 冠词、代词和介词 第1节冠词—基本用法是关键 冠词是语法填空的常考点，经常考查不定冠词a/an和定冠词the的基本用法和固定搭配。 另外，还要注意一些特殊用法，在解题过程中要根据语境灵活选择。 No.1 思维定向·先判定填冠词 解题攻略 典例印证 第一步：确定是否填冠词 [典例呈现] (2026·全国一卷)Daji originated from the ancient 首先，分析句子结构，看空后是否 folk custom of trading goods,which dates back to Han 有名词。 Dynasty. 第二步：判断是特指还是泛指 [解题攻略] (1)若设空后有单数可数名词，搭 第一步：确定是否填冠词 配后表示泛指时，应考虑不定空处无提示词，分析句子结构，空后是专有名词Han Dynasty,应考虑 冠词a/an; 填冠词。 (2)若设空后有名词，搭配后表示 第二步：判定是特指还是泛指 特指时，应考虑定冠词the; 由普通名词构成的朝代、王朝专有名词前，必须搭配定冠词。 (3)看是不是固定搭配。 [自主解答] No.2 解题规则·再依据3考向确定填何种冠词 思维 定向 典例呈现 技法点津 1.(2022·全国甲卷) friend of his,Wu 分析句子结构，发现设空后有单数可数名词， Fan,volunteered to be his companion during 搭配后表示泛指时，应考虑用不定冠词a/an: the trip. 不定 (1)a用于发音以辅音音素开头的单词前 2.(202l·新高考I卷)While you're in China, 冠词 (注意unique,university,useful,usual,， Mount Huangshan is must to visit! a/an 3.(浙江卷)A child born in the US today has European等前用a); very realistic chance of living be- (2)an用于发音以元音音素开头的单词前 yond 100 and needs to plan accordingly. (注意honest,hour,honor等前用an)。 L.(2026·浙江卷1月)I remember being pushed 分析句子结构，发现设空后有名词，搭配后表 in a supermarket trolley(手推车)over 示特指时，应考虑用定冠词the。用定冠词 uneven car park ground like riding a roller- the的常考点： coaster. (1)特指某人或某事； 2.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Not the pandas,even (2)用在序数词或形容词、副词的最高级 定冠 though language used for the medical 前以及有only、very、same等修饰的 词the training instructions is actually English. 名词前； 3.(2023·浙江1月卷)In contrast to the court (3)用在世界上独一无二的东西及某些专 life and upper-class culture represented by the 有名词前； Forbidden City,the Summer Palace,and the (4)用在西洋乐器名词前； Temple of Heaven,the hutongs reflect (5)用在“逢十”的年代前，表示“在几世纪几 culture of grassroots Beijingers. 十年代”。 73 英语 续表 思维 定向 典例呈现 技法点津 L.(2024·新课标I卷)Further,the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse walks visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient 固定搭配或抽象名词具体化的名词前用 Silk Road,by which silk as well as many plant 冠词。 species came to Britain for first time. (1)定冠词用在固定搭配中： 2.(2024·浙江1月卷)Then,when you use one at the same time,on the contrary,to tell section, other stays fresh. the truth,in the distance,make the most/ 固定3.(2023·新课标I卷)The meat should be fresh best of,on the spot等。 搭配 with touch of sweetness and the sur- (2)不定冠词用在固定搭配中：catch a cold, rounding soup hot,clear and delicious. have a fever,all of a sudden,as a matter 4.(2022·新高考I卷)Covering an area about of fact,as a result,have a gift for,make three times size of Yellowstone Na- a living,give sb.a lift,have a good tional Park,the GPNP will be one of the first knowledge of等。 national parks in the country. 5.(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷) Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto. No.3 语境运用·全面提高关键能力 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的冠词 We all know the old saying:1. best way to feel love is to give love.This morning I went to the supermarket and bought 2. dozen beautiful red roses.I then brought them to 3. hospital with me when I went to my clinic appointment.There is no place better than 4. hospital to give love. I gave roses to various women visiting loved ones as they walked through 5. park- ing lot.I gave a rose to Maria as well.She was in the shop pushed in 6. wheelchair by her teenage daughter.I later saw her husband smile at me.Maria was admitted to the hospital yesterday.She was so touched by 7. rose. It warms my heart when I think of the joy on 8. faces of the women who were at the hospital seeking medical attention.Hopefully they all brought a little love home with their rose and will lovingly reflect on 9. love given to them today by 10. stranger. 74 [第二板块]核心素养之语言运用篇 第2节代词—根据所指对象或所作成分 语法填空对代词的考查有两种考查方式：有提示词类和无提示词类。人称代词和物主代词 多以有提示词的形式出现；无提示词类主要考查t等人称代词和指示代词的用法。 No.1 思维定向·先判定填代词 解题攻略 典例印证 [典例呈现] Clay Figurine Zhang,featuring a diverse 第一步：确定是否填代词 range of themes,mirrors the everyday existence of the 无提示词时，如果设空处在句中作主语或 common people and also reimagines classic artistic works. 宾语，则应该填代词。 is greatly cherished by the public. 第二步：判断填哪个代词 无提示词时，代词考查的三种情况： [解题攻略] (1)指代上文提到的人或物； 第一步：确定是否填代词 (2)作形式主语或形式宾语的it; 设空处无提示词时，且在句中作主语，则应该填代词。 (3)引起强调句(Itis/was..that..)的 第二步：判断填哪个代词 t。在无提示词的情况下，高考代词的 分析句意可知，空处指代前文中Clay Figurine Zhang,位于 考查多为后两种情况。 句首时首字母大写。 [自主解答] No.2 解题规则·再依据3策略确定填何种代词 思维 定向 典例呈现 技法点津 1.Some players find hard to follow 1.指代上文提到的某样东西 2.指不知性别的要儿(baby)或身份不明确的人 the story,but that doesn't stop them from (由于某种原因而不知道对方是谁) enjoying the game. 3.指时间、距离、价值、天气、气候或温度 2.By the Song Dynasty, 4.it常用来代替动词不定式、动词-ing形式（短语） was 或名词性从句作形式主语或形式宾语而将真正 句 recorded that many diseases could be cured 的主语或宾语后置 through proper diet.Different foods were 5.it的常用固定句型 ·Itis/was十被强调部分十that/who+句子其 sorted according to their original nature. 代明 他成分 3.If they hadhad any knowledge of Yuan ·It+be+形容词+of/for sb.to do sth. It is no good/no use/useless/a waste of time who worked devotedly for our country, doing sth. they wouldn't have made such pessi- ·hate/like/enjoy it that..讨厌/喜欢… ·when it comes to..当谈到… mistic evaluations.Why did the Chi- ·assb.puts it正如某人所言 nese people make ·make it成功；及时赶到 75 英语 续表 思维 定向 典例呈现 技法点津 1.(2024·浙江1月卷)Who knows,.perhaps some of the more forward-looking (I)another泛指同类的人或物，指三者或三者以 (one)may yet come out with a whole range of 上的另一个，可单独使用或在其后加可数名词 "just for you"pack sizes with special offers as 单数； 定 well (2)others泛指“其他人”或“其他物”，常用结构： 2.Lily had lived in London and Manchester, 的 some ...others ... but she liked 别 and moved to (3)the other指两者中的另一个，表示特指； Cambridge. (4)that指代上文出现的单数名词或不可数名词； 3.It's an either-or situation-we can buy a new (5)those指代上文出现的复数名词。 car this year or we can go on holiday but we can't do No.3 语境运用·全面提高关键能力 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词。 Reading benefits us a lot.First,reading can bring us the kind of fun that no 1. things can.You can always keep yourself interested in 2. which can help you have an enjoyable time if you like reading.This is especially pleasant if the weather is bad.Next,you can read a book at any place.3. that you need is a book!Reading is a convenient hobby as is easy to stop and start reading again.5. good reason for reading books is that 6. is useful.If you read as a hobby,you will get better and better at it.As 7. reading improves,you will probably find your schoolwork becomes much easier.Many school subjects depend on good reading and as students read 8. learn more.Good readers are most likely to be good writers,too.9. are usually good at spelling as well,and have many things to write about. Therefore,set aside some time 10. day for some reading and you'll love it. 76 [第二板块]核心素养之语言运用篇 第3节介词—根据基本意义或固定搭配 介词的考查近年来比较稳定，备考时要格外注意as,with,against,.between,despite,by等重 要的介词用法及意义。介词的固定搭配考查范围广，方式比较灵活。未来高考对该考点的考查 仍然以介词的基本用法及介词与名词、动词的搭配为主，备考时也不可忽视对介词短语的积累。 No.1 思维定向·先判定填介词 解题攻略 典例印证 第一步：确定是否填介词 [典例呈现] (2026·全国一卷)As a solution,people gathered at 首先，分析句子结构，发现名词或代 specific locations on set days to trade their surplus(剩余f的)items 词在句中不作主语、表语或动词的 宾语时，其前面一般填介词。 what they needed. 第二步：根据句意及固定搭配确定 [解题攻略] 答案 第一步：确定是否填介词 (1)分析句子结构，发现设空处在名 首先，分析句子结构，发现空处没有提示词，且后面直接跟了“what 词前后时，应考虑名词与介词的 搭配； they needed”这一名词从句，一般应填介词。 (2)分析句子结构，发现设空处在不 第二步：根据句意确定答案 及物动词后名词前时，应考虑动句意：为解决这一问题，人们在指定日期聚集于现场特定地点，用 词与介词的搭配； 闲置的剩余的物品交换所需物资。设空处考查的是短语“trade A (3)分析句子结构，发现设空处在形容 词后名词前时，应考虑形容词与介 forB”的固定搭配，表示“用物品A换取物品B”。 词的搭配。 [自主解答] No.2 解题规则·再依据2策略确定填何种介词 思维 定向 典例呈现 技法点津 1.(2024·新课标I卷)The Glasshouse stands a great achievement in contempo- (1)表示时间的in、on和at rary design,to house the plants of the ①in表示在某段较长的时间内（如世纪、年 southwestern part of China at the end of a 代、月份等)或泛指上午、下午、晚上等； path retracing(追溯)the steps along the Silk ②on表示在具体的日子或具体的某一天的 Route... 上午、下午、晚上等； 2.(2024·全国甲卷)This area,.with its unique ③at表示某个时间点、时刻等 and breathtaking natural beauty,must be(2)表示交通方式的by和on/in well preserved all people of the na- ①by后可直接跟涉及或不涉及交通工具的 tion to enjoy-as a national park. 名词，名词前不加冠词； 辨逻3.(2023·浙江1月卷)Thanks to Beijing's long ②on/in后跟交通工具时，名词前应有冠词、 辑，联 history the capital of China,almost 物主代词、指示代词等修饰语。 想恰 every hutong has its stories,and some are even(3)表示“用.”的by、in和with 当介 associated with historic events. ①by表示“靠…手段，用…方法，凭 词 4.(2022·全国乙卷)May21 st this year marks 借…”，后可接名词、代词或动词-ing the first International Tea Day,which was 形式； named officially the United Nations on ②in多用于表示语言、材料的名词前； November 27th,2019. ③with多用于表示工具或身体器官的名 5.(2021·浙江1月卷)The study found that 词前。 between 1985and2017,average rural BMI in-(4)of表示“…的” creased 2.1 in women and men. “of十n.”相当于该名词对应的形容词 6.(2021·浙江6月卷)In1844 they bought it(5)as表示“作为”。 $l,200 and some land from Charles(6)from表示“自，从” Dresser,who performed their marriage cere- (7)despite/in spite of表示“尽管”。 mony in 1842. 77 英语 续表 思维 典例呈现 技法点津 定向 1.(2026·全国二卷)I keep my eyes (1)与动词搭配 woman to my right and try to copy her move- remind sb.of sth.提醒某人某事 ments,but unfortunately I soon lose focus. go back to/date from追溯到 2.(2026·浙江省1月)One of my earliest memories consist of由…组成 come about发生 is being held her arms,counting down account for占…比例；说明…的 the flashing green numbers together. 原因 3.(2026·北京卷)When you see her walking to- belong to属于 wards you,you feel a deep sense of connection (2)与名词搭配 抓核 well up you. by accident偶然 心词，4.(2025·北京卷)These efforts help us travel more in trouble陷入困境，陷入麻烦 联想 responsibly.After all,exploring the world in honour of为了纪念 适当 shouldn't come the planet's expense. in turn依次，转而 搭配 5.（2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)I happen to know that in return作为报答 Tang's play The Peony Pavilion(《牡丹亭》)is sim on board乘（飞机、船） ilar in some ways Romeo and Juliet. on average平均 on the contrary相反 6.(2023·全国乙卷)Beijing is a city bridging the ancient (3)形容词与介词搭配 and the modern.From Buddhist temples to museums, be curious about..对…感到好奇 narrow hutong royal palaces,it is home to be associated with..与…有关 more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down be rich in..在…方面丰富 to its layout,with the city keeping its carefully built be similar to..与…相似 system of ring roads. be famous for..因…而著名 No.3 语境运用·全面提高关键能力 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词。 Amazingly,it happened to me.1. a Saturday afternoon a homeless man came into our shop.Normally we are closed on Saturday but 2. this case I was there working on something.He started talking 3. how he started a marketing company and wanted to see if he could help us.He then went into details 4. his journey of jobs through life.He talked 5. 20 minutes,telling me many stories 6. his life adventures. Though most times I might get impatient when someone talks a lot,this time I practiced just listening and being present 7. him.Though I wasn't able to use what he was offer- ing,I wished him well and offered him some water 8. the rest of his journey.He thanked me 9. listening and for my encouragement.He went off 10. the hope of getting his idea accepted somewhere else,while I stood there thinking.Even when we cannot always help,we can always listen.It matters! C温馨提西 学习至此，请完成配套课时作业21~28 782.how[考查特殊疑问词。句意：…我不知道如何去感 谢他。根据句子结构，设空处填写的是“特殊疑问词十t0 do不定式”结构作宾语。根据句意，how意为“如何”，符 合句意。故填how。] 3.where[分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，且在 从句中作地，点状语，故填where。] 技法四典例呈现句意法 l.When/As[When/As在句中引导时间状语从句，表示 “当…时”。故填When/As。] 2.unless[根据语境可知，这里用从属连词unless引导条 件状语从句，表示“除非”。故填unless。] 3.Although/While/ThoughL句意：尽管鸟类用它们的羽 毛来飞行，可是它们的羽毛中的一些还有其他用处。由 设空处后的内容可判断设空处引导让步状语从句。故 填Although/,While/Though。] 固定句式法 l.until[根据句意和句中的not可知，not,,,until,,,“直 到…才……”，为固定句式。故填until。] 2.such[句意：他们与火有着如此特殊的关系，他们称自 己为“火族”。根据句中a special relationship,可知由 such修饰，且such与后面的that构成结果状语从句， such.,that.意为“如此…以致…”，故填such。] No.3 1.when 2.and 3.why 4.before 5.When 6.So 7.whose 8.whom 9.What 10.that/which 第二讲冠词、代词和介词 第1节冠词一基本用法是关键 No.1典例呈现the No.2典例呈现不定冠词a/an 1.A[句意：他的一位朋友吴凡在旅行中自愿成为他的同 伴。根据句意可知，此处泛指“他的一个朋友”，应用不 定冠词，friend的发音以辅音音素开头，应用a,空处位于 句首，首字母大写。故填A。] 2.a[此处must用作名词，为可数名词，意为“一件必须做 的事”，需要不定冠词修饰，故填a。] 3,a[根据下文的chance可知，这里语意表示“非常实际 的一个可能性”，表示泛指。故填。] 定冠词the l.the[考查冠词。句意：我记得坐在超市的手推车里，被 人推着，在凹凸不平的停车场地面上就像坐过山车一 样。此处特指凹凸不平的停车场地面，应用定冠词the。 故填the。] 2.the[考查冠词。句意：不是跟熊猫交谈，尽管医学训练指 令使用的语言确实是英语。分析句子结构可知，此处特指 用于医学训练指令使用的语言，表特指，应用定冠词修饰。 故填the。] 3.the[根据名词culture后面的介词短语of grassroots Beijingers可知，此处culture表示特指概念。故填the。] 固定搭配 l.the[考查冠词。句意：…亚洲和欧洲之间的贸易路 线第一次为英国带来了丝绸和许多植物。固定搭配：or the first time,意为“第一次”，符合句意。] 2.the[句意：然后，当你使用其中一部分时，另一部分保 持新鲜。the other意为“另一个”，为固定搭配，所以此 处应用定冠词。故填the。] 28 讲解册参考答案 3.a[a touch of“一点点；稍许”，常用搭配。故填a。] 4.the[考查冠词。句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家 公国的三倍，将成为中国首批国家公国之一。本句的结 构为：倍数十the size of十比较成份，故填the。] 5.The[考查冠词。句意：布朗一家住在多伦多郊外的一 栋公寓楼里。根据句子结构，设空处要填写冠词与 Brown family构成名词短语作主语。the十姓氏，意为 “某某一家人”，the符合句意。同时该单词置于句首，首 字母应该大写。故填The。] No.3 1.the 2.a 3.the 4.the /a 5.the 6.a 7.the 8.the 9.the 10.a 第2节代词一根据所指对象或所作成分 No.1典例呈现It No.2典例呈现句意清，指代明 1.t[考查代词。句意：一些运动员发现故事难以理解， 但这并没有妨碍他们享受游戏。find it十adj.十to d0.…为固定句型，意为“发现做某事…”，it为形式宾 语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式，故填t。] 2.t「考查代词。句意：到了宋朝时期，据记载，许多疾病 可以通过合理饮食得以治愈。设空处在句中作主语，且 指代后面整个句子，应用it作形式主语，指代that引导 的主语从句，故填t。] 3.it[make it是固定表达，表示“某人做成某事”，故 填it。] 不定代词的区别 l.ones L考查代词。句意：谁知道呢，也许一些更有远见 的人可能还会推出一系列“只为你”的包装尺寸，并提供 特别优惠。代词one意为“一个人”，在some of后应用 复数形式。故填ones] 2.neither[考查代词。句意：Lily曾住在伦敦和曼彻斯 特，但她两个地方都不喜欢，然后搬去了剑桥。由表示 转折关系的but可知设空处表示否定含义，并由London 和Manchester可知“二者都不”，故填neither。] 3.both[考查代词。句意：这是一个非此即彼的选择 我们今年可以买辆新车，或者可以去度假，但这两件事 我们不能同时做。both和not连用表示部分否定，此处 意为“不能两者都…”，故填both。] No.3 1.other 2.it 3.All 4.it 5.Another 6.it 7.your 8.they 9.They 10.every 第3节介词一根据基本意义或固定搭配 No.1典例呈现for No.2典例呈现辨逻辑，联想恰当介词 1.s[考查介词。句意：这座玻璃温室是当代设计的一项 伟大成就，将中国西南部的植物安置在丝绸之路的尽 头…。根据句意可知，空处指的是“作为”，应用介 词as。] 2.for[句意：这个地方，以其独特而令人惊叹的自然美 景，必须作为国家公园被妥善保存供全国人民欣赏。结 合句意，这里表示“目的”，故填for。] 3.s[考查介词。句意：感谢北京作为中国首都的悠久历史， 几乎每一条胡同都有自己的故事，甚至有一些还跟历史事件 有关。根据句意可知，空格处译为“作为”，s是介词意为“作 为”，符合句意，故填s。] 39 英语 4.byL句意：今年5月21日是第一个国际茶日，该节日由联 合国于2019年11月27日正式命名。根据句意可知，此处 表达“被联合国在2019年11月27日命名”。表示被动，使 用结构“be十过去分词十by”,故填by。] 5.by[句意：研究发现，1985年至2017年，农村地区女性和 男性的平均体重指数增加了2.1。此处表示升高的幅度。 故填by。」 6.for[考查介词。表示“花多少钱买”，buy后通常接介词 for。buy sth.for$1,200意为“以1200美元购买某物”，故填 for。 抓核心词，联想适当搭配 1.on[考查介词。句意：我盯着右边的一位女士，试图模仿她 的动作，但不幸的是，我很快就走神了。固定搭配keep one's eyes on sb../sth.“紧盯某人/某物”，本空用介词on。] 2.in[考查介词。句意：我最早的记忆之一是被妈妈抱在怀 里，一起倒数闪烁的绿色数字。固定搭配in one's arms表示 “在某人的怀里”。故填in。] 3.within/inside[考查介词。句意：当你看到她向你走来时， 你感到一股深深的联结感在你心中涌起。well up within/ inside sb.是常用表达，指情感在某人内心深处涌现或升起。] 4.t[考查介词。句意：…毕竞，探索世界不应以牺牲地球 为代价。at one's expense'“以…为代价”是固定搭配。故 填at。] 5.t0[句意：我碰巧知道汤显祖的戏剧《牡丹亭》在某些方面 与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》相似。固定短语：be similar to,意为 “和…相似”，符合句意。故填t0。门 6.to[根据上文的“From Buddhist temples to museums'”可知， 空处应和上文保持一致，表示“从…到”，故填t0。] No.3 1.On 2.in 3.about/of 4.on/about 5.for 6.about/of 7.for 8.for 9,for 10.in 第三板块核心素养之写作篇 专题五应用文写作 第一讲策略篇—满分应用文写作四大微技能 第1节审题谋篇，奠定高分基石 学以致用能力生成 第一步 电子邮件一般现在时一、三观点论证总结 第二步 1.stressed the advantages of studying abroad 2.The most obvious advantage 3.the increased chance for cultural exchange 4.act as cultural envoys 5.promote friendship 6.provides a great opportunity 7.contribute to the development of 8.benefits us much 9.It is a wise choice 第三步 1.Chinese students can act as cultural envoys promoting friend- ship between nations 29 2.Studying abroad provides a great opportunity to contribute to the development of our motherland. 3.Studying abroad benefits us so much that it is a wise choice for us to follow. 第四步 Dear Editor, In the debate,I stressed the advantages of studying abroad in the following aspects. To begin with,the most obvious advantage to overseas study is real-life use of a different language.Another advantage is the increased chance for cultural exchange.Chinese students can act as cultural envoys promoting friendship between nations. Finally,studying abroad provides a great opportunity to contrib- ute to the development of our motherland. All in all,studying abroad benefits us so much that it is a wise choice for us to follow. Sincerely yours, Li Hua 第2节合理拓展，充实作文主体 学以致用能力生成 1.like global warming and frequent natural disasters 2.For example,we should respect our teachers and be friendly to our classmates 3.as well as helps us have a strong will 4.In order to enrich students'after-school life and develop their interest in reading 5.Aiming to promote our understanding and passion for labour 6.so that you can keep fit and healthy 7.With Sea Conservation Day approaching 8.but it also made me proud of myself for playing a part in the Olympic Games 9.And they were very proud of me 10.since it has been giving me strength to confront the challenges in my life 第3节锤词炼句，打造吸睛靓点 学以致用能力生成 1.1.challenging 2.of great value 3.be aware of 4.take my application into consideration 5.Keep in mind 6.am convinced 7.a large number of 8.is located at II.1.It shows that it's hard work and determination that play a vital role in shaping a great mind. 2.My teacher thinks I am excellent and that I can do well in my study,which makes me more confident. 3.His father is paving the way for him while his mother is holding his jacket behind him,with sweat on her face. 4.Not only do they offer you joy and excitement,but also they encourage you to think critically. 5.Whether we will go picnicking tomorrow or not depends on the weather. 6.Above all,something must be done to stop pollution. 7.What a good time we had with the peasants that day! 8.Hearing this,the whole class burst into laughter and my deskmate's face turned red