学考专题16 语法填空：知识盘点+核心精讲+进阶训练（讲义，浙江专用）2027年高中英语学业水平考试合格考总复习

专题16 语法填空 【析】学考考查要点|【汇】知识清单盘点|【研】核心专题精讲|【练】巩固提升训练 —— 目 录 —— 析|学考考查要点 汇|知识清单盘点 研|核心专题精讲 知识点一 题型特征 知识点二 答题策略 练|巩固提升训练 一、题型概览与考情分析 （一）题型说明 语法填空是高考英语（新高考卷）的固定题型之一，要求考生在理解语篇的基础上，运用语法与词汇知识，在短文的10个空格处填写恰当内容。该题重点考查"形式—意义—使用"三者的统一，即不是孤立考查语法规则，而是在真实语境中考查语法知识的运用能力。 表1 题型基本信息 项目 说明 题量与分值 每篇短文10空，每空1.5分，共15分 短文长度 约200词，话题贴近学生生活、社会热点与传统文化 体裁分布 以记叙文、说明文为主，偶有议论文 设空方式 约7空给出提示词（动词、名词、形容词、副词等），约3空不给提示词 作答要求 每空仅填一个词；有提示词的空须写出所给词的正确形式 （二）考点分布与命题趋势 从近年命题看，考点相对稳定，集中在以下两类：有提示词侧重"形式变化"，无提示词侧重"功能词选用"。 表2 高频考点分布 设空类型 常考考点 出现频率 有提示词 谓语动词（时态、语态、主谓一致） ★★★★★ 每年1～2题 有提示词 非谓语动词（doing / done / to do） ★★★★★ 每年1～2题 有提示词 词性转换（名→形→副，动→名） ★★★★☆ 每年1～2题 有提示词 名词单复数、所有格 ★★★☆☆ 有提示词 形容词/副词比较级、最高级 ★★★☆☆ 有提示词 代词形式变化（宾格/物主/反身） ★★★☆☆ 无提示词 介词（以固定搭配为主） ★★★★☆ 每年约1题 无提示词 连词与从句引导词（定从/名从/状从） ★★★★☆ 每年1～2题 无提示词 冠词（a / an / the） ★★★☆☆ 无提示词 代词 it（指代、形式主语/宾语） ★★★☆☆ 命题趋势有以下四点： 1. 重语境：答案常由上下文逻辑决定，孤立记忆语法规则难以直接得分。 2. 重叠加考点：一空往往同时考查两个维度，如"被动语态+完成时""非谓语+被动"等。 3. 词汇语法化：词性转换题增多，要求掌握词族（如 beauty—beautiful—beautifully）。 4. 长难句设空：空格常落在带从句、非谓语结构的复杂句中，先析结构再作答。 二、解题策略：四步解题法 语法填空的本质是"在真实语篇中运用语法知识"。答案不是背出来的，而是分析出来的。建议按以下四步操作，形成稳定的作答流程。 （一）第一步：通读全文，把握主旨 先跳过空格通读全文，明确文体、话题与作者态度，并重点确定全文的时态基调——记叙文多叙述过去经历，常用一般过去时；说明文多陈述客观事实，常用一般现在时。此步控制在1分钟以内，不逐词细读。 （二）第二步：分析结构，判断成分 找到句子主干（主谓宾），确定空格在句中的语法成分。判断时依次问三个问题： 1. 空格处是否作谓语？（若是，则进入时态、语态与主谓一致的考查。） 2. 句中是否已有谓语？（若已有，则空格多为非谓语动词。） 3. 空格修饰什么？（修饰名词→形容词或定语；修饰动词→副词或状语；处于主语/宾语位置→名词或代词。） 表3 句子成分速判表 空格位置 / 特征 常见成分 对应考点 主语之后、分句缺谓语 谓语 时态、语态、主谓一致 句中已有谓语，空处仍为动词 非谓语 to do / doing / done 名词前 定语 形容词、物主代词、冠词 动词后或句尾，修饰动作 状语 副词 主语 / 宾语位置 名词 / 代词 词性转换、代词形式 名词前、无提示词 冠词 a / an / the 名词或代词前，表逻辑关系 介词 固定搭配 两个分句之间 连词 / 引导词 并列连词、从句引导词 （三）第三步：分类作答 有提示词：先定词性（空格作什么成分），再定形式（时态、语态、单复数、比较级、词形转换）。 无提示词：先定词类（冠词、介词、连词、代词），再定具体单词。作答时优先寻找固定搭配与固定句型。 （四）第四步：代入复读，全面检查 把答案代入原文通读一遍，检查四个方面：时态是否与全文一致、主谓是否一致、上下文逻辑是否连贯、单词语法形式是否正确。特别注意：位于句首的单词首字母要大写。 三、核心考点分类突破（有提示词） 本部分讲解有提示词的6个高频考点。作答总原则：先判断空格在句中的成分，再根据成分确定词性，最后按规则写出正确形式。 （一）考点1 谓语动词：时态与语态 定义：空格位于句中谓语位置，须确定其时态、语态（被动用 be + done），并注意主谓一致。 考法判定：① 空格在主语之后，所在分句缺少谓语；② 该分句没有其他谓语动词。 表4 谓语动词考查维度与判定规律 考查维度 判定规律 典型示例 时态 找时间标志词：now / these days→现在进行；yesterday / last week / in 2018→一般过去；since / recently / so far / in the past few years→现在完成；by the time + 过去时→过去完成 He has lived here since 2020. 时态 无标志词时，以全文时态基调与动作先后为准 She studied hard and passed the exam. 语态 主语与动词为"承受"关系→被动 be done；为"发出"关系→主动 The bridge was built in 2010. 主谓一致 主语为第三人称单数、一般现在时→动词加 -s / -es Tom often helps his mother. 固定句型 It is / was the first time that + 完成时；hardly...when... It was the first time that I had seen such a film. 例句： 1. In the past few years, great changes ______ (take place) in our hometown. → have taken place（主语 changes 与 take place 为主动关系；时间标志 in the past few years 提示现在完成时） 2. The museum ______ (build) in 2018 and it attracts thousands of visitors every year. → was built（过去时间 + 被动关系） 3. So far, the project ______ (complete) by the workers. → has been completed（so far 提示现在完成，主语与 complete 为被动关系） 4. — Where is Tom? — He ______ (water) the flowers in the garden. → is watering（此刻正在进行） 应试提示：先看主语与动词的主被动关系，再锁定时间标志词；没有标志词时，以全文时态基调为准。 （二）考点2 非谓语动词（to do / doing / done） 定义：句中已有谓语动词时，其他动词须使用非谓语形式，即不定式、动名词或分词。 三步判定法：① 找谓语：一个简单句只能有一个谓语，其余动词作非谓语；② 找逻辑主语：非谓语的逻辑主语通常是句子主语或它修饰的名词；③ 判形式：与逻辑主语为主动关系且表进行/伴随→doing，表目的或将来→to do；与逻辑主语为被动关系→done。 表5 非谓语动词用法规则 句法功能 规则 示例 作主语 动名词或不定式皆可；形式主语用 It is...to do Learning English takes time. 作定语 主动用 doing；被动用 done；表将来用 to be done the man standing there；the work finished yesterday 作状语 表目的用 to do；伴随/原因用 doing；被动用 done To pass the exam, he works hard. 作宾补 感官动词 + do / doing；使役动词 make / let / have + do I saw him run into the room. 固定搭配 enjoy / finish / avoid / keep / suggest / practise / consider / mind + doing；decide / hope / want / plan / refuse / agree / manage + to do；allow sb. to do He decided to give up smoking. 介词 + 动名词 介词后一律用 doing（含 to 为介词的短语） look forward to doing；be used to doing；pay attention to doing 例句： 1. ______ (see) from the top of the tower, the whole city looks beautiful. → Seen（与逻辑主语 the whole city 为被动关系，过去分词作状语） 2. ______ (finish) his homework, he went out to play basketball. → Having finished（主动 + 先于谓语发生，用现在分词完成式） 3. The teacher told us a story ______ (make) us laugh. → to make（不定式表目的） 4. We should do more exercise instead of ______ (play) computer games. → playing（介词后接动名词） 5. The girl ______ (dance) on the stage is my sister. → dancing（主动关系，现在分词作定语） 应试提示：判断"主被动"是核心：看逻辑主语与动词之间是"发出"还是"承受"；再判断时间先后——to do 表目的/将来，doing 表进行/伴随，done 表完成/被动。 （三）考点3 词性转换（名词、形容词、副词） 定义：根据空格在句中的语法作用，将所给词转换为正确词性。 表6 词性转换判定规律 空格作用 转换方向 示例 修饰名词（定语）/ 作表语 形容词 a beautiful garden；The plan sounds reasonable. 修饰动词 / 形容词 / 整个句子 副词（常为形容词 + ly） speak fluently；work hard 作主语 / 宾语 / 介词宾语 名词 Confidence is the key to success. 上下文表否定意义 加否定前缀 un- / im- / in- / dis- unimportant；impossible；dishonest 动词 ↔ 名词 根据搭配转换 achieve → achievement；develop → development 表7 高频词族（须成组记忆） 名词 形容词 副词 动词 beauty 美丽 beautiful beautifully beautify importance 重要性 important importantly — success 成功 successful successfully succeed nature 自然 natural naturally — tradition 传统 traditional traditionally — difference 不同 different differently differ 例句： 1. The ______ (success) businessman started his career from a small shop. → successful（形容词作定语） 2. She smiled ______ (gentle) at the children. → gently（副词修饰 smiled） 3. ______ (kind) is one of the best qualities of human beings. → Kindness（名词作主语，句首大写） 4. It is ______ (polite) to interrupt others while they are speaking. → impolite（上下文表否定，加否定前缀） 应试提示：先定"成分"后定"词性"；是否需要否定前缀由上下文逻辑决定，而不是见词就加。 （四）考点4 名词单复数与所有格 定义：可数名词须判断用单数还是复数，有时考查名词所有格。 表8 名词单复数与所有格判定规律 考点 判定信号 示例 复数 空前有 many / several / two / dozens of 等数量词；名词为可数且表泛指；谓语用 are / were 提示主语为复数 There are many churches in the town. 特殊复数 不规则名词须单独记忆 child→children；man→men；tooth→teeth；mouse→mice 所有格 表"某人的 / 某物的"，后接名词 today's news；the children's toys 不可数名词 information / advice / news / furniture 等不加 -s a piece of advice 例句： 1. The old man has kept many ______ (hen) in his yard. → hens（many 后接可数名词复数） 2. We should respect other people's ______ (privacy). → privacy（不可数名词，用原形） 3. Look at the ______ (photo) on the wall. They are all about our school. → photos（复数） 4. He is one of the best ______ (player) in our team. → players（one of + 复数名词） 应试提示：看到数量词或谓语动词 be / do 的形式，先判断主语的单复数；不可数名词永远不加 -s。 （五）考点5 比较级与最高级 定义：根据比较对象或范围，将形容词 / 副词变为比较级（-er / more）或最高级（-est / most）。 表9 比较级与最高级判定信号 判定信号 使用形式 示例 空后有 than 比较级 faster than before 空前有 the，空后有 of / in + 范围 最高级 the most valuable of all the + 比较级, the + 比较级 越……越…… The harder you work, the greater progress you will make. 比较级 + and + 比较级 越来越…… more and more popular much / even / a little + 比较级 程度修饰比较级 much more difficult 上下文隐含对比 比较级 Of the two, this one is better. 表10 不规则变化（必须熟记） 原级 比较级 最高级 good / well better best bad / badly worse worst many / much more most little less least far farther / further farthest / furthest 例句： 1. The weather today is much ______ (bad) than yesterday. → worse 2. This is one of the ______ (interesting) books I have ever read. → most interesting（多音节词用 more / most） 3. The ______ (early) you start, the sooner you will succeed. → earlier 4. With the development of science, life is becoming ______ and ______ (convenient). → more and more convenient 应试提示：先找 than、of / in 范围或固定句型，再按"单音节加 -er / -est、多音节加 more / most"变形；不规则变化单独记忆。 （六）考点6 代词的形式变化 定义：将所给人称代词转换为主格、宾格、形容词性 / 名词性物主代词或反身代词。 表11 代词形式选择规律 句子功能 使用形式 示例 作主语 主格：I / you / he / she / it / we / they She is a teacher. 作宾语 / 介词宾语 宾格：me / you / him / her / it / us / them I gave him a book. 后接名词 形容词性物主代词：my / your / his / her / our / their her dream 独立使用、不接名词 名词性物主代词：mine / yours / his / hers / ours / theirs This book is mine. 主语 = 宾语、强调 反身代词：myself / yourself / himself / herself / ourselves / themselves She dressed herself. 例句： 1. The children were excited and couldn't believe ______ (they) eyes. → their（修饰名词 eyes，用形容词性物主代词） 2. Please help ______ (you) to some fish, boys. → yourselves（固定句型 help yourself / yourselves to） 3. — Whose dictionary is this? — It’s ______ (I). → mine（独立使用，用名词性物主代词） 4. The little girl can take care of ______ (she) now. → herself（主语宾语为同一人，用反身代词） 应试提示：先确定空格的句法位置（主 / 宾 / 定语），再选对应形式；出现"主语 = 宾语"或强调含义时用反身代词。 四、核心考点分类突破（无提示词） 本部分讲解无提示词的4个高频考点。作答总原则：先判断空格缺的是哪一类功能词（冠词、介词、连词、代词），再结合语境选定具体单词。 （一）考点7 冠词（a / an / the） 定义：名词前缺少限定词时，根据泛指、特指及发音填入冠词。 表12 冠词用法规律 情形 用法 示例 泛指单数可数名词 a（辅音音素开头）/ an（元音音素开头） an hour；a university 特指：上文提过、有后置定语、独一无二 the the Great Wall 固定搭配 成组记忆 have a good time；in a hurry；play the piano；on the right 抽象名词具体化 可加 a / an a success；a surprise；a pleasure 表13 冠词易混点 易错词 注意点 an hour / an honest boy h 不发音，以元音音素开头，用 an a university / a useful tool u 发 /juː/，为辅音音素开头，用 a an apple / an umbrella 以元音字母和元音音素开头，用 an 例句： 1. He is ______ honest man, and we all trust him. → an（honest 的 h 不发音，以元音音素开头） 2. ______ number of the students in our school is about 3,000. → The（the number of 表"……的数量"；a number of 表"许多"） 3. What ______ pity! We missed the last bus. → a（What a pity 固定感叹句式） 4. I have ______ idea, but it’s not a good one. → an（idea 以元音音素开头） 应试提示：无提示词题先看空格前后是否构成"冠词 + 名词"；再看是特指还是泛指；最后熟记含冠词的固定搭配。 （二）考点8 介词 定义：空格位于名词 / 代词前、动词后或形容词后，起连接作用时，多为介词，且以固定搭配为主要考查方式。 表14 介词高频搭配 类型 高频搭配 示例 动词 + 介词 depend on；look forward to；be made of / from；agree with；apply for；belong to；get rid of We depend on our parents. 形容词 + 介词 be proud of；be good at；be interested in；be famous for；be busy with；be familiar with She is good at drawing. 名词 + 介词 the key to；the answer to；the reason for；the effect on the key to success 时间介词 at（时刻）；on（具体某天）；in（月 / 季 / 年） at 7 o’clock；on Monday；in 2024 原因 / 目的 for；because of；due to；thanks to thanks to your help 例句： 1. The little girl is afraid ______ dogs. → of（be afraid of 害怕） 2. We should apply what we have learned ______ practice. → to（apply...to 把……应用于） 3. He is responsible ______ the safety of the whole team. → for（be responsible for 对……负责） 4. The city is famous ______ its beautiful scenery. → for（be famous for 因……而闻名） 应试提示：介词题以固定搭配为主，平时按"动词 / 形容词 / 名词 + 介词"归类积累；时间、地点介词按规则分类记忆。 （三）考点9 连词与从句引导词 定义：空格位于两个分句之间或从句开头，起连接作用时，填连词或从句引导词。 表15 连词与引导词选用规律 从句类型 引导词选择 示例 并列句 and（递进）；but（转折）；or（选择 / 否则）；so（因果） Hurry up, or you will be late. 定语从句 人：who / whom / whose；物：which / that / whose；时间：when；地点：where；原因：why the day when we met 名词性从句 缺成分："什么"→what；"是否"→whether / if；完整陈述→that What he said is true. 状语从句 when / while（时间）；because（原因）；although / though（让步）；if / unless（条件）；so that（目的） I won’t go unless you go with me. 三步判断：① 看空格前后各是什么——两个句子用连词，名词后接句子多为定语从句；② 定语从句看缺什么——缺主语 / 宾语用 which / that / who，缺状语用 when / where / why；③ 名词性从句看含义——缺"什么"用 what，"是否"用 whether / if，完整陈述用 that。 例句： 1. I still remember the day ______ I joined the army. → when（先行词 the day 表时间，从句缺状语） 2. ______ is known to all, the earth travels around the sun. → As（非限制性定语从句，先行词为整个主句，置于句首用 as） 3. The reason ______ he was late was that he got up late. → why（先行词 the reason，从句缺状语） 4. We will go camping tomorrow ______ it rains. → unless（"除非下雨才不去"，条件关系） 5. He didn’t attend the meeting ______ he was ill. → because（原因关系） 应试提示：定语从句先"找先行词、看缺成分"；名词性从句先"看含义、看成分"；状语从句依据主从句逻辑关系选词。 （四）考点10 it 的用法 定义：无提示词位置若需代词，指代上文事物、天气、时间、距离，或充当形式主语 / 形式宾语时，常填 it。 表16 it 的用法 功能 结构 示例 指代上文事物 代替前文出现的名词 The road is old. It was built long ago. 形式主语 It + be + 形容词 / 名词 + to do / that 从句 It is important to learn English. 形式宾语 find / think / make + it + 形容词 + to do I find it hard to get up early. 固定句型 It takes sb. some time to do；It is time to do；It seems that... It takes an hour to get there. 指天气 / 时间 / 距离 It is rainy. / It is ten minutes’ walk. It is raining hard now. 例句： 1. ______ is necessary for us to develop good habits. → It（形式主语，真正主语为 to develop good habits） 2. I think ______ possible to finish the task in two days. → it（形式宾语） 3. ______ takes about two hours to get to the airport by bus. → It（It takes sb. some time to do sth.） 应试提示：看到"be + 形容词 + to do"且句首缺主语，优先考虑形式主语 it；看到动词后接"形容词 + to do"且缺宾语，优先考虑形式宾语 it。 五、高频易错点清单 以下10个失分点历年高频出现，做题与订正时重点对照。 表17 高频易错点清单 序号 易错点 正确思路 1 句中已有谓语，仍把空格填成谓语动词 一个简单句只有一个谓语，其余动词用非谓语 2 被动语态漏写 be 表被动的谓语必须是 be + 过去分词 3 只看空格所在句，忽略全文时态基调 无标志词时按上下文与体裁推断时态 4 词性转换忽略否定含义 结合上下文判断是否需要 un- / im- / in- / dis- 5 a / an 只看字母不看发音 an hour、a university 等须按音素判断 6 定语从句关系词误用 缺成分用 which / that / who；缺状语用 when / where / why 7 介词 to 后误接动词原形 to 为介词时后接 doing（look forward to doing） 8 第三人称单数漏 -s / -es 一般现在时主语为 he / she / it 或单数名词时，动词须加 -s / -es 9 不可数名词加 -s information / advice / news 等不加 -s 10 句首单词忘记大写 每空填完检查是否位于句首 （一）范例一：The Silk Road（说明文） The Silk Road was a network of trade routes that (1)______ (connect) China with the West in ancient times. (2)______ (carry) silk, tea and spices, merchants travelled across deserts and mountains. The road was not only a route for trade; it also helped the (3)______ (exchange) of culture, art and ideas. Today the Silk Road (4)______ (regard) as a symbol of friendly communication between different civilizations. With modern transport, goods can be moved much (5)______ (fast) than before, but the spirit of cooperation still lives on. Many countries (6)______ (benefit) from trade along the road have become closer to each other. (7)______ is a bridge that connects the East and the West. For centuries, people from different nations have shared not only goods but also (8)______ (they) wisdom and customs. The road reminds us that peace and openness are of great (9)______ (important). It also teaches us that (10)______ we stay united, we can achieve more together. 题号 答案 题号 答案 1 connected 6 benefiting 2 Carrying 7 It 3 exchange 8 their 4 is regarded 9 importance 5 faster 10 if 解析： 1. connected｜考点：谓语动词（时态）。空格在定语从句中作谓语，叙述古代事实，用一般过去时；that（指代 trade routes）与 connect 为主动关系。 2. Carrying｜考点：非谓语（现在分词作伴随状语）。逻辑主语 merchants 与 carry 为主动关系，用 carrying；位于句首，首字母大写。 3. exchange｜考点：名词（作介词宾语）。空前有 the、空后有 of，作介词宾语，用名词 exchange。 4. is regarded｜考点：谓语动词（语态 + 时态）。主语 the Silk Road 与 regard 为被动关系；"当今被视为"用一般现在时被动。 5. faster｜考点：比较级。空后有 than，much 修饰比较级，用 faster。 6. benefiting｜考点：非谓语（现在分词作后置定语）。countries 与 benefit 为主动关系，用 benefiting（"从中受益的国家"）。 7. It｜考点：代词 it。指代前文的 the Silk Road，作主语。 8. their｜考点：代词（形容词性物主代词）。修饰 wisdom and customs，用 their。 9. importance｜考点：词性转换（名词）。be of + 抽象名词结构，用 importance。 10. if｜考点：状语从句连词。主从句为条件关系，"如果我们保持团结"，用 if（when 亦可）。 （二）范例二：一次志愿活动（记叙文） Last summer, I took part in a volunteer activity in a mountain village. On the first day, we (1)______ (give) a list of tasks and began to work at once. I was asked to teach the children English, which made me a little (2)______ (nervousness). However, the children were so eager to learn that they listened (3)______ (careful) in class and finished their homework on time. After class, they often sat around me, (4)______ (share) their dreams and asking about the city life. Seeing their progress, I felt a strong sense of (5)______ (achieve). One day, (6)______ boy named Li Hua drew a picture of me and said he hoped to become a teacher like me. His words touched my heart (7)______ (deep). Before I left, he gave me the picture, (8)______ has become my most precious memory. Looking back, I realize that helping others brings us not only joy but also (9)______ (grow). (10)______ is the experience that has taught me the true meaning of giving. 题号 答案 题号 答案 1 were given 6 a 2 nervous 7 deeply 3 carefully 8 which 4 sharing 9 growth 5 achievement 10 It 解析： 1. were given｜考点：谓语动词（语态 + 时态）。主语 we 与 give 为被动关系，全文基调为一般过去时，用 were given。 2. nervous｜考点：词性转换（名词 → 形容词）。make sb. + 形容词 / feel + 形容词作宾语补足语，用 nervous。 3. carefully｜考点：词性转换（形容词 → 副词）。修饰动词 listened，用 carefully。 4. sharing｜考点：非谓语（现在分词作伴随状语）。逻辑主语 they 与 share 为主动关系，用 sharing。 5. achievement｜考点：词性转换（动词 → 名词）。a sense of + 名词，用 achievement。 6. a｜考点：冠词。泛指"一个名叫李华的男孩"，用 a。 7. deeply｜考点：词性转换（形容词 → 副词）。修饰动词 touched，用 deeply。 8. which｜考点：定语从句关系词。非限制性定语从句，先行词 the picture（物）、从句缺主语，用 which。 9. growth｜考点：词性转换（动词 → 名词）。not only...but also 后接并列名词，用 growth。 10. It｜考点：代词 it（强调句型）。It is...that...强调句式，强调 the experience。 （一）练习一：AI in Our Daily Life Artificial intelligence (AI) is playing a more and more important role in our daily life. It can help us do many things, such as (1)______ (translate) languages and driving cars. Many people worry that AI may take the place of humans in some fields. In fact, AI is just a tool (2)______ (create) by humans. With the help of AI, doctors can find out patients’ problems much (3)______ (early) than before. AI can also help scientists (4)______ (collect) data about the oceans. However, some people think (5)______ is necessary for us to set rules to make sure that AI is used safely. (6)______ (keep) up with the times, we students must learn to use AI wisely and never depend on it too much. AI has become (7)______ important part of modern life, (8)______ (include) education, medicine and transportation. No matter how advanced AI becomes, it can never replace human creativity. Students should develop the ability to learn by (9)______ (they) rather than by machines. Only in this way (10)______ we make the most of AI. （二）练习二：Mr. Zhang’s English Dream Mr. Zhang, a retired worker of 65, began to learn English last year. At first, he found it hard (1)______ (remember) so many new words. But he didn’t give up. Every morning, he is often seen (2)______ (practise) English aloud in the park. His grandchildren often help him (3)______ his pronunciation. Now Mr. Zhang can talk with foreigners (4)______ (free), which makes him very proud. Last month, he joined an English corner, (5)______ he made many friends. He said that learning English had brought him a lot of (6)______ (happy) and had made his life much more colourful than before. To encourage more old people, he often shares his experience (7)______ others. He believes that it is never too late to learn. As long as we keep trying, we can realize our dreams (8)______ (regard) of our age."Learning makes me feel young and energetic," he said with (9)______ smile on his face. In fact, he has set (10)______ good example for all of us. 训练 1 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 To many outside China, shaobing may sound like a single product. In reality, it refers to a broad type of baked flatbreads that vary widely by region, not only in preparation, but also in the way they 1 (consume). In Beijing, sesame-coated shaobing is firm and crispy, often 2 (slice) open and filled with braised beef, donkey meat 3 pork. It may also be dipped into soy milk at breakfast stalls, which 4 (soften) the crust while preserving its toasted aroma (浓香). In Shaanxi province, the bread used for roujiamo, 5 meat sandwich, is baked until the exterior is crisp while the inside remains soft enough 6 (absorb) the juices of the meat. Chopped, slow-braised pork is packed inside, creating a rich and savory bite. Farther west in the Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region, local bakers prepare naan (馕) — a little 7 (thick), round flatbreads baked in tandoor-like (类似泥炉的) ovens. Naan, 8 people often eat plain, is also paired with lamb kebabs, yogurt or tea. Dry and fragrant, it is made to last, 9 (reflect) life along historic trade routes where bread was needed to travel. These traditional baked breads not only highlight China’s splendid food culture but also carry the unique living habits and 10 (wise) of different regions. 2 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Liliana Restrepo, a 46-year-old teacher from Colombia, made a life-changing decision several years ago. She chose to settle in Quzhou, 11 city in east China’s Zhejiang Province, together with her 10-year-old son. When 12 (question) about her reasons, she mentioned safety, convenience and efficiency as the most appealing qualities of life in China. “I hope living in China will help my son see a broader world, understand different cultures 13 learn to respect them,” Restrepo said. For the family 14 (come) from Medellin in Colombia, they have acquired far beyond mere sightseeing — they have become part of the local community, celebrating festivals with great 15 (enthusiastic) and enjoying daily routines just like any other Chinese family. This summer, driven by their passion 16 the traditional Chinese medicine, Restrepo took her son to a local clinic 17 (experience) a medical practice — sanfutie, meaning treating winter diseases in summer. This centuries-old treatment, 18 involves applying herbal patches (药贴) to specific points on the body during the hottest days of the year, is believed to strengthen people’s immune system. Both the mother and the son found the experience truly 19 (amaze), as it offered them a window into the wisdom of Chinese medicine. “Chinese culture 20 (succeed) in integrating itself into our daily lives over the past few years,” Restrepo said with a warm smile. “We don’t just observe it — we live it and embrace it every single day.” 3 阅读下列短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In the fertile plains of Sichuan, Zeng Fanyu, 21 national inheritor of China’s intangible cultural heritage, 22 (spend) over 30 years protecting the Yongchuan fermented (发酵) black bean craftsmanship — something she fondly calls “the magic of soybeans”. The craft 23 (follow) an old and strict process: firstly, plump (饱满的) local soybeans are immersed in spring water for 12 hours, then steamed until tender but not mushy 24 finally placed in traditional earthen jars for fermentation, which lasts from 10 months to a whole year. Zeng is very particular 25 every detail: even a 5-minute over-steaming or a slight temperature change in the fermentation room would ruin the beans’ rich, delicious taste. Today, while 26 (preserve) the core tradition, she innovates boldly. She combines traditional bacterial strains (菌株) with carefully 27 (select) new ones to make the beans more tasty, and develops trendy flavors like spicy garlic and savory beef to suit young 28 (people) taste. “Every black bean carries the taste memory of Sichuan families — of grandma’s stir-fries and dad’s braised pork,” she says. It is the perfect mix of 29 (loyal) to heritage and creative adaptation that keeps Yongchuan fermented black beans, the 30 (replaceable) soul of Sichuan cuisine, fragrant through generations. 4 Although air conditioners across China are working as the summer heat begins to climb, the folding fan that was once pushed to the edges of daily life 31 (reappear). Once associated mainly 32 a traditional art, the bamboo-and-silk folding fan is again being picked up by younger consumers as a 33 (function) accessory and a form of cultural expression. A traditional Chinese folding fan consists of two sections: the ribs (扇骨), typically carved from bamboo, and the fan surface, often 34 (make) of silk or mulberry bark paper (桑皮纸). Unlike mass-produced plastic fans, each piece is hand-assembled, with ribs radiating from a single rivet (铆钉), 35 (allow) the fan to fold flat or open quickly. Its surface, painted with landscapes or calligraphy, turns it into a handy work of art. Sun Yaqing, chairwoman of Wangxingji, 36 found cultural depth in the fans’ physical construction, said that the fan brings you 37 natural breeze as well as spiritual comfort. Bamboo represents humility, integrity and 38 (persevere) in Chinese culture. For ancient scholars, holding a folding fan reminded themselves of those 39 (virtue). There is also life wisdom in opening and closing a folding fan — knowing when to expand, when to withdraw. The folding fan is not just a seasonal tool 40 a message — folded, carved, painted and ready to be opened. 5 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The International Youth Orchestra Art Week 2026 recently drew to a close after a string of joint concerts and music activities, 41 (gather) young music lovers from China, Russia, Turkmenistan, Bulgaria, Mexico, and Indonesia. 42 (host) by the China Soong Ching Ling Science and Culture Center for Young People, the activity served as 43 important cultural exchange platform. It included orchestra training courses, professional 44 (guide) from well-known music teachers, visits to Beijing’s historic sites and shared musical performances. The opening concert created an encouraging atmosphere. The Soong Ching Ling Peace Angel Art Troupe played Mozart’s Serenade No. 13 in G Major 45 (skillful), showing the young Chinese musicians’ solid skills and confidence. They were followed by an orchestra from the M. I. Glinka Novosibirsk State Conservatory in Russia, 46 performed a selection from Christoph Willibald Gluck’s Dance of the Furies. A violin group from Turkmenistan mixed Eastern and Western musical styles by playing Brahms’ Hungarian Dance No. 5 together with folk works by local composer Nury Halmammedov, creating a musical connection 47 ancient Silk Road culture and European classical music. Bulgarian groups 48 (show) lively Balkan culture with songs, instrumental pieces and dances, while a youth orchestra from Mexico brought strong Latin charm through Arturo Marquez’s Danzon No. 2. The Trinity Youth Symphony Orchestra gave the final performance, earning warm applause with Balinese folk tunes and a traditional Jakarta song. 49 (they) performance highlighted the beauty of rich 50 (culture) diversity. During the whole event, young musicians worldwide communicated artistically and built long-term friendships through the universal language of music. 6 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The release of 20 crested ibises (朱鹮) in Xiaolong Mountain, Gansu province, on Sunday marked the next phase of the province’s plan   51 (restore) populations of endangered species in the wild, according to the National Forestry and Grassland Administration. Prior to their release, the birds were   52 (strict) trained for rewilding and given health checks, and were fitted with identification tags (标签). The move is expected to help the species return to some 53 (area) of its historical range and expand its habitat. Back in 1981, only seven wild crested ibises   54 (discover) in Shaanxi, believed to be the last of their kind. After over four decades of conservation efforts, the global population has exceeded 10,000, which shows how 55 (effect) China’s conservation efforts have been. Historically, Xiaolong Mountain was home to crested ibises. In 2023, Gansu launched a reintroduction project, 56 (bring) in breeding (繁育) ibises from Shaanxi’s Hanzhong Crested Ibis National Nature Reserve. A breeding base was built at the Longmen forest farm, 57 artificial breeding and rewilding training were carried out. With continuous 58 (protect), the number of ibises there rose from 20 to 50. “The release marks a new stage in Gansu’s crested ibis conservation, as it shifts 59 artificial breeding to rebuilding wild populations,” said Wan Ziming. He also stressed, “Rewilding is not ‘release and forget’, 60 a long-term, systematic and science-based project.” 7 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Stretching along the southern coast of Guangdong Province in China, Shenzhen High-Tech Industrial Park stands as the unquestionable national leader and global center of technological innovation. The park is home 61 many tech giants and pioneering enterprises alike, from industry forerunners that have reshaped people’s daily lives to ambitious startups 62 (battle) to define the future of technology. What makes this park extraordinary is not merely its 63 (concentrate) of technology firms, but a unique ecosystem 64 top-tier research, bold investment, and innovative culture are integrated, allowing traditional academic boundaries to redefine 65 (them) in the modern era. Universities and research institutions in the Pearl River Delta supply 66 steady flow of outstanding talent, while policy support provides the financial and other related backing needed 67 (generate) and turn creative ideas into practical products. Driven by continuous breakthroughs in fields, the park serves as a magnet (磁铁) for professionals from every corner of the world, old and young, inexperienced and 68 (season), all drawn here because of the chance to success. Over decades, the park with its surrounding areas 69 (evolve) from a region focused on electronic production into a symbol of technological progress and development potential, 70 (constant) pushing the boundaries of what human creativity can achieve. 8 阅读下面短文，在空白处填写1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The multi-functionality of bamboo is recognized in China, where the giant woody grass has been 71 (wide) employed since the 11th century BC． Blessed with a wealth of bamboo forests, China is the world’s largest producer of bamboo products and this resource, similar in scale to wood, secures its leading position in the 72 (globe) market. Evolving an eco-friendly 73 (replace) for plastic, bamboo is prized for its superior green nature. Its advantage lies not only in its strength but in its rapid growth. As opposed to trees that take over a decade 74 (mature), bamboo can be harvested in just four to six years, 75 allows people to cut it again and again without replanting. In Anji, a county in northwestern Zhejiang Province, bamboo 76 (take) the place of plastic in various products so far. With about 600 square kilometers of bamboo forests, Anji serves 77 a model in advancing bamboo as an alternative to plastic. The industrial development of bamboo benefits local communities as well, 78 (bring) life back to rural areas through bamboo harvesting. Scenes of harmony between humankind and nature are emerging in Anji, where bamboo-driven development is promoted to initiate dialogues with nature and build 79 greener future. Transformation, innovation, collaboration, and sustainably grown natural treasures all form part of humanity’s 80 (share) heritage. 一、阅读理解 A As humans and robots are increasingly sharing workspaces, collisions can be dangerous for people. Italian startup Generative Bionics has a fix: a humanoid robot covered in sensing skin that can “feel” nearby humans and adjust its movements before any contact occurs. The robot, called Gene.01, is wrapped in a network of sensors from its trunk to its limbs (肢体). This smart skin tracks touch, temperature, and force in real time, allowing the robot to anticipate a person’s presence and react before contact happens, just as you pull your hand back from a hot stove before touching it. The same sensors also let humans physically teach the robot new tasks. Instead of only showing Gene.01 videos, a person can demonstrate not only motion, but also the force required. Gene.01 can sense and remember the precise force applied by the person in real time. This helps address some persistent problems that video-only learning cannot solve, such as how to tightly hold an object. Gene.01 is built around what Generative Bionics calls “Physical AI”, the integration of robotics and artificial intelligence where the physical body itself becomes an essential part of the computational system. This stands in contrast to conventional robotics design where a central processor handles all computation and sends commands to passive actuators (执行器). In Gene.01’s design, processing occurs near sensors throughout the body, enabling split-second reaction times and smoother movement. Rather than a single finished product, Gene.01 is a basic platform that can be customized for different jobs. Customers can change its AI, outer design, or even refit its hands or feet depending on the task. The company aims to build an independent European AI supply chain, partnering with a German firm to produce key components locally. Generative Bionics has already raised $81 million from investors. The first real-world application is already underway, with the company working with a shipbuilding company to develop a welding (焊接) humanoid for use in its shipyards. 1．Why is Gene.01 equipped with sensing skin? A．To make its hardware more durable. B．To give it a human-like appearance. C．To react early to avoid hurting humans. D．To monitor workers’ physical conditions. 2．Why does the author mention “how to tightly hold an object” in paragraph 3? A．To expose video-learning’s weakness. B．To prove Gene.01’s limitation on tasks. C．To stress the value of movement accuracy. D．To show Gene.01 sensors’ powerful function. 3．What does paragraph 4 mainly tell us about Gene.01? A．Its design philosophy. B．Its operational conditions. C．Its unique materials. D．Its development prospect. 4．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．Gene.01 has been marketed in German. B．Gene.01 is multipurpose and user-friendly. C．Generative Bionics is short of funds to expand. D．Generative Bionics focuses mainly on ship industry. B Zhang Hongjun once spent his days on noisy construction sites in Shanghai, far from his rural hometown in Fujian Province. For over a decade, his life followed a common path: long hours of labor, low pay, and the loneliness of being a migrant worker in a vast city. He dreamed of a change but saw few opportunities back home. A visit became a turning point. Staying in his village, Zhang noticed something new. The roads were paved, internet access had reached the village and the local government was offering support to those willing to start businesses. The beautiful mountains and fresh air, once taken for granted, now seemed full of potential to him. An idea began to form: what if he could build a future here, not just make a living there? Using his savings and a small government allowance, Zhang took a daring step. He transformed his family’s old, empty house into a modern café, a place where city visitors could enjoy coffee while viewing the terraced fields (梯田). At first, neighbors were puzzled. “Who will come to the mountains for coffee?” they asked. Zhang persisted, learning about coffee beans and coffee-making skills online. Today, “Mountain Cloud Café” is more than a coffee shop. It’s a window for his village. Tourists come on weekends, and in his café they discover and buy local specialties like mountain tea and dried fruits. Zhang has hired two local women, providing them with steady income. More importantly, his success has sparked a conversation. A few other young people, who once thought leaving was the only option, are now asking, “Could I come back too?” “My dream isn’t huge,” Zhang says, looking at the lively scene outside. “I just want our home to prosper, so that our children love to stay here.” His journey paints a picture of modern rural China. 5．How was Zhang Hongjun’s life as a migrant worker? A．Secure. B．Tough. C．Promising. D．Fulfilling. 6．What made Zhang decide to start business in his village? A．His interest in making coffee for tourists. B．His neighbors’ encouragement and support. C．The success of other young people who had returned. D．The improved conditions and local government support. 7．What can we learn about Mountain Cloud Café? A．It mainly serves local villagers. B．It helps promote local products. C．It was immediately welcomed by neighbors. D．It was built with a large bank loan. 8．What is the text mainly about? A．A rural café changes a migrant worker’s life. B．A rural village becomes a popular tourist spot. C．A returning worker boosts hometown development. D．A local government helps people start new businesses. C In October 2025, Oklahoma’s elected officials gathered to break ground on a new Tulsa City-County Library branch (分馆) in the city of Owasso. The new Eddy Gibbs Library will be twice as big as the original branch, adding more study spaces, more room for kids to play, and a drive-up service window. It will also have 119 new parking spots, a courtyard, an outdoor kitchen, and a pickleball court. The library is unusual. That’s because, for the first time in state history, housing units will be built directly above a public library. The library will be at the heart of the city’s Redbud District. After the original library was built in 1989, Owasso’s population grew significantly. “The city of Owasso already has one of the busiest libraries in our system,” Tulsa City-County Library CEO Kimberly Johnson told News On 6, adding that the branch has more than 8,000 monthly visitors. The new multi-use building is projected to be completed and open to the public in early 2027. The project is part of the Tulsa City-County Library’s “My Library, OUR Future” campaign to replace four of its most heavily used branches. “These four branches have shown a severe need for replacement due to outdated infrastructure (基础设施) and technology, size limitations for current usage, and parking limitations,” reads a statement on the campaign’s website. The library will be on the first level, topped by three floors of apartment units. For the community’s safety, there will be separate entries for library readers and residents. Across the US and Canada, more than 20 libraries have been integrated into apartment complexes. Redesigning aging public libraries helps cities grapple with two major challenges at once: housing shortages and outdated public infrastructure. According to the Urban Institute, at least 23 combined library-housing developments have been completed since 2000, creating nearly 1,850 apartments, many of them affordable housing units. In 2019, the Chicago Public Library system partnered with the local housing authority to develop a seven-storey multi-use building, adding 73 affordable housing units above its service floor through publicly owned land and the Low-Income Housing Tax Credit program. Combining world-class libraries and housing creates strong neighborhoods and a space for all residents to gather, share and thrive. 9．Why is the new Eddy Gibbs Library special? A．It has a drive-up service window. B．It will have housing units above it. C．It is twice as large as the original. D．It is the first library in Oklahoma. 10．Why do the four branches need replacement? A．They lack modern technology and book resources. B．They need apartment space on the upper floors. C．They can’t satisfy present practical demands. D．They have safety problems with their entries. 11．What does the underlined phrase “grapple with” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Tackle. B．Undertake. C．Survive. D．Accept. 12．What is the author’s attitude towards the project? A．Doubtful. B．Indifferent. C．Critical. D．Supportive. D The only way that I would ever naturally attract a cat is if I were covered in fish paste. My daughter, however, is a cat magnet. She only has to step outside, and cats often follow her down the street. It seems that some people are more likely to be approached by cats, but is it because of the people, the cats, or both? In contrast to their famously standoffish (冷淡的) reputation, many cats really do choose to be around people. In a study of 50 cats living in homes and shelters, the majority of cats chose human company over food and toys. Cats have a strong sense of smell. They can tell the difference between the smell of their owners and that of unfamiliar people. Besides, they can pick up on scents (气味) that are related to human emotions. In another study, researchers presented cats with swabs (拭子) of sweat that came from people when they were feeling happy, frightened, stressed or neutral. Facing the fearful scent, the cats were more likely to flatten their ears, move their tails, tense up and back away. So, would a cat willingly approach a person who is frightened? The evidence suggests no. The way people behave also matters. In another study, researchers monitored what happened when 119 people were allowed to interact with cats in a re-homing shelter. Basically, the scientists filmed and watched a lot of cat videos and found that people who were more nervous often tried to control the cats instead of paying attention to their signals. Cats, however, seem to prefer people, like my daughter, who respect their needs and give them space. Of course, not all cats are created equal. They have personality differences too, and this also influences how they behave around people. So, being a cat magnet is a skill you can learn, and treat cats with respect. 13．What does the author intend to do in paragraph 1? A．Analyse reasons. B．Introduce the topic. C．Make a comparison. D．Give some examples. 14．What does the study in paragraph 3 show about people feeling frightened? A．Their voice may frighten cats easily. B．Their actions may draw cats’ attention. C．Their smell may affect cats’ behavior. D．Their feelings may change cats’ habits. 15．What can be known about cat magnets? A．They are interested in controlling cats. B．They usually watch a lot of cat videos. C．They may be more aware of cats’ needs. D．They are likely to go to animal shelters regularly. 16．What does the text indicate about human-cat relationships? A．They are shaped by both sides. B．They are critical to human health. C．They are subject to human efforts. D．They are decided by a cat’s personality. 二、完形填空 One of the most useful things I’ve learned is how to do nothing. In my family, being still wasn’t 17 . My father was a workaholic with three jobs and a perfectionist. Everything he did had to be done just right. There was no room for error in anything, a philosophy that 18   to his daughters as well. I absorbed the message that doing nothing wasn’t allowed and that everything had to be the best to gain his 19 . This thought 20 me into marriage: I struggled to be the wife, mother, and homemaker until 21 forced me to seek help. That’s when I discovered yoga . It became part of my life and I could fit it in around my other duties. With the help of books and videos, I 22 myself the poses and learned intentional breathing, the foundation of yoga. Then came the 23 , which was not what I expected. At first, guilt 24 of me when I was doing yoga, for I could hear my father blaming me for being 25 and I had to shake off my 26 about doing nothing. But I gradually realized this “useless” stillness was valuable for me and kept me 27 when the world was pushing me in opposite directions. 28 have passed since I began my breathing practice. My daughter is an adult now, with children of her own. Each morning I still find time to sit quietly and watch my 29 . Doing nothing helps me enjoy the daily life and focus on what 30 . I’ve come to understand that sometimes, the most 31 thing we can do is slow down and listen to the quiet within. 17．A．rewarded B．valued C．proved D．ignored 18．A．applied B．belonged C．adapted D．related 19．A．agreement B．wealth C．praise D．sympathy 20．A．followed B．encouraged C．instructed D．urged 21．A．wipeout B．burnout C．outbreak D．outlet 22．A．advised B．showed C．told D．taught 23．A．stillness B．stress C．accident D．relief 24．A．took care B．took advantage C．took hold D．took notice 25．A．disordered B．inactive C．irresponsible D．misguided 26．A．shame B．fear C．regret D．disappointment 27．A．confused B．excited C．balanced D．tired 28．A．Months B．Centuries C．Weeks D．Decades 29．A．breath B．hands C．feet D．clothes 30．A．happens B．matters C．changes D．means 31．A．perfect B．demanding C．productive D．challenging 三、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese idioms represent one of the priceless cultural legacies (遗产) 32 (hand) down from ancient traditions, enriching the language with greater power, depth and appeal. “Ji si guang yi”, or pooling collective wisdom, is one such well-known idiom. It captures 33 truly matters in the process of decision-makers weighing important choices: one ought to seek other’s advice before taking serious actions. This time-honoured principle gained wide 34 (recognize) largely through Zhuge Liang, 35 well-known military strategist during the Three Kingdoms Period (220-280). In his work “Instructions to Subjects and Officials”, he wrote, “If one holding public office 36 (pool) people’s ideas and widely drew on all well-intended and useful views, better-informed decisions would follow.” So far, the expression 37 (evolve) into an effective way to improve working efficiency and show respect for the opinions of the masses. Perspectives gathered from different people equip decision-makers 38 a more comprehensive grasp of the current situation and help them make correct decisions. Listening 39 (humble) to others’ opinions, particularly those 40 differ from one’s own, can help one decide more wisely and benefit from collective wisdom. Now the method is adopted by the Chinese people in their decision-making in daily life 41 (secure) success. 四、应用文写作 假设你是李华，你所在的学校将举办“Making a Difference”主题公益活动周，请你给校英文报写一篇倡议书，号召同学们积极参与。内容包括： 1.活动目的 2.活动内容：社区志愿服务、环保宣传、关爱老人等 3.呼吁大家行动起来 要求： 1.词数:80-100词 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题16 语法填空 【析】学考考查要点|【汇】知识清单盘点|【研】核心专题精讲|【练】巩固提升训练 —— 目 录 —— 析|学考考查要点 汇|知识清单盘点 研|核心专题精讲 知识点一 题型特征 知识点二 答题策略 练|巩固提升训练 一、题型概览与考情分析 （一）题型说明 语法填空是高考英语（新高考卷）的固定题型之一，要求考生在理解语篇的基础上，运用语法与词汇知识，在短文的10个空格处填写恰当内容。该题重点考查"形式—意义—使用"三者的统一，即不是孤立考查语法规则，而是在真实语境中考查语法知识的运用能力。 表1 题型基本信息 项目 说明 题量与分值 每篇短文10空，每空1.5分，共15分 短文长度 约200词，话题贴近学生生活、社会热点与传统文化 体裁分布 以记叙文、说明文为主，偶有议论文 设空方式 约7空给出提示词（动词、名词、形容词、副词等），约3空不给提示词 作答要求 每空仅填一个词；有提示词的空须写出所给词的正确形式 （二）考点分布与命题趋势 从近年命题看，考点相对稳定，集中在以下两类：有提示词侧重"形式变化"，无提示词侧重"功能词选用"。 表2 高频考点分布 设空类型 常考考点 出现频率 有提示词 谓语动词（时态、语态、主谓一致） ★★★★★ 每年1～2题 有提示词 非谓语动词（doing / done / to do） ★★★★★ 每年1～2题 有提示词 词性转换（名→形→副，动→名） ★★★★☆ 每年1～2题 有提示词 名词单复数、所有格 ★★★☆☆ 有提示词 形容词/副词比较级、最高级 ★★★☆☆ 有提示词 代词形式变化（宾格/物主/反身） ★★★☆☆ 无提示词 介词（以固定搭配为主） ★★★★☆ 每年约1题 无提示词 连词与从句引导词（定从/名从/状从） ★★★★☆ 每年1～2题 无提示词 冠词（a / an / the） ★★★☆☆ 无提示词 代词 it（指代、形式主语/宾语） ★★★☆☆ 命题趋势有以下四点： 1. 重语境：答案常由上下文逻辑决定，孤立记忆语法规则难以直接得分。 2. 重叠加考点：一空往往同时考查两个维度，如"被动语态+完成时""非谓语+被动"等。 3. 词汇语法化：词性转换题增多，要求掌握词族（如 beauty—beautiful—beautifully）。 4. 长难句设空：空格常落在带从句、非谓语结构的复杂句中，先析结构再作答。 二、解题策略：四步解题法 语法填空的本质是"在真实语篇中运用语法知识"。答案不是背出来的，而是分析出来的。建议按以下四步操作，形成稳定的作答流程。 （一）第一步：通读全文，把握主旨 先跳过空格通读全文，明确文体、话题与作者态度，并重点确定全文的时态基调——记叙文多叙述过去经历，常用一般过去时；说明文多陈述客观事实，常用一般现在时。此步控制在1分钟以内，不逐词细读。 （二）第二步：分析结构，判断成分 找到句子主干（主谓宾），确定空格在句中的语法成分。判断时依次问三个问题： 1. 空格处是否作谓语？（若是，则进入时态、语态与主谓一致的考查。） 2. 句中是否已有谓语？（若已有，则空格多为非谓语动词。） 3. 空格修饰什么？（修饰名词→形容词或定语；修饰动词→副词或状语；处于主语/宾语位置→名词或代词。） 表3 句子成分速判表 空格位置 / 特征 常见成分 对应考点 主语之后、分句缺谓语 谓语 时态、语态、主谓一致 句中已有谓语，空处仍为动词 非谓语 to do / doing / done 名词前 定语 形容词、物主代词、冠词 动词后或句尾，修饰动作 状语 副词 主语 / 宾语位置 名词 / 代词 词性转换、代词形式 名词前、无提示词 冠词 a / an / the 名词或代词前，表逻辑关系 介词 固定搭配 两个分句之间 连词 / 引导词 并列连词、从句引导词 （三）第三步：分类作答 有提示词：先定词性（空格作什么成分），再定形式（时态、语态、单复数、比较级、词形转换）。 无提示词：先定词类（冠词、介词、连词、代词），再定具体单词。作答时优先寻找固定搭配与固定句型。 （四）第四步：代入复读，全面检查 把答案代入原文通读一遍，检查四个方面：时态是否与全文一致、主谓是否一致、上下文逻辑是否连贯、单词语法形式是否正确。特别注意：位于句首的单词首字母要大写。 三、核心考点分类突破（有提示词） 本部分讲解有提示词的6个高频考点。作答总原则：先判断空格在句中的成分，再根据成分确定词性，最后按规则写出正确形式。 （一）考点1 谓语动词：时态与语态 定义：空格位于句中谓语位置，须确定其时态、语态（被动用 be + done），并注意主谓一致。 考法判定：① 空格在主语之后，所在分句缺少谓语；② 该分句没有其他谓语动词。 表4 谓语动词考查维度与判定规律 考查维度 判定规律 典型示例 时态 找时间标志词：now / these days→现在进行；yesterday / last week / in 2018→一般过去；since / recently / so far / in the past few years→现在完成；by the time + 过去时→过去完成 He has lived here since 2020. 时态 无标志词时，以全文时态基调与动作先后为准 She studied hard and passed the exam. 语态 主语与动词为"承受"关系→被动 be done；为"发出"关系→主动 The bridge was built in 2010. 主谓一致 主语为第三人称单数、一般现在时→动词加 -s / -es Tom often helps his mother. 固定句型 It is / was the first time that + 完成时；hardly...when... It was the first time that I had seen such a film. 例句： 1. In the past few years, great changes ______ (take place) in our hometown. → have taken place（主语 changes 与 take place 为主动关系；时间标志 in the past few years 提示现在完成时） 2. The museum ______ (build) in 2018 and it attracts thousands of visitors every year. → was built（过去时间 + 被动关系） 3. So far, the project ______ (complete) by the workers. → has been completed（so far 提示现在完成，主语与 complete 为被动关系） 4. — Where is Tom? — He ______ (water) the flowers in the garden. → is watering（此刻正在进行） 应试提示：先看主语与动词的主被动关系，再锁定时间标志词；没有标志词时，以全文时态基调为准。 （二）考点2 非谓语动词（to do / doing / done） 定义：句中已有谓语动词时，其他动词须使用非谓语形式，即不定式、动名词或分词。 三步判定法：① 找谓语：一个简单句只能有一个谓语，其余动词作非谓语；② 找逻辑主语：非谓语的逻辑主语通常是句子主语或它修饰的名词；③ 判形式：与逻辑主语为主动关系且表进行/伴随→doing，表目的或将来→to do；与逻辑主语为被动关系→done。 表5 非谓语动词用法规则 句法功能 规则 示例 作主语 动名词或不定式皆可；形式主语用 It is...to do Learning English takes time. 作定语 主动用 doing；被动用 done；表将来用 to be done the man standing there；the work finished yesterday 作状语 表目的用 to do；伴随/原因用 doing；被动用 done To pass the exam, he works hard. 作宾补 感官动词 + do / doing；使役动词 make / let / have + do I saw him run into the room. 固定搭配 enjoy / finish / avoid / keep / suggest / practise / consider / mind + doing；decide / hope / want / plan / refuse / agree / manage + to do；allow sb. to do He decided to give up smoking. 介词 + 动名词 介词后一律用 doing（含 to 为介词的短语） look forward to doing；be used to doing；pay attention to doing 例句： 1. ______ (see) from the top of the tower, the whole city looks beautiful. → Seen（与逻辑主语 the whole city 为被动关系，过去分词作状语） 2. ______ (finish) his homework, he went out to play basketball. → Having finished（主动 + 先于谓语发生，用现在分词完成式） 3. The teacher told us a story ______ (make) us laugh. → to make（不定式表目的） 4. We should do more exercise instead of ______ (play) computer games. → playing（介词后接动名词） 5. The girl ______ (dance) on the stage is my sister. → dancing（主动关系，现在分词作定语） 应试提示：判断"主被动"是核心：看逻辑主语与动词之间是"发出"还是"承受"；再判断时间先后——to do 表目的/将来，doing 表进行/伴随，done 表完成/被动。 （三）考点3 词性转换（名词、形容词、副词） 定义：根据空格在句中的语法作用，将所给词转换为正确词性。 表6 词性转换判定规律 空格作用 转换方向 示例 修饰名词（定语）/ 作表语 形容词 a beautiful garden；The plan sounds reasonable. 修饰动词 / 形容词 / 整个句子 副词（常为形容词 + ly） speak fluently；work hard 作主语 / 宾语 / 介词宾语 名词 Confidence is the key to success. 上下文表否定意义 加否定前缀 un- / im- / in- / dis- unimportant；impossible；dishonest 动词 ↔ 名词 根据搭配转换 achieve → achievement；develop → development 表7 高频词族（须成组记忆） 名词 形容词 副词 动词 beauty 美丽 beautiful beautifully beautify importance 重要性 important importantly — success 成功 successful successfully succeed nature 自然 natural naturally — tradition 传统 traditional traditionally — difference 不同 different differently differ 例句： 1. The ______ (success) businessman started his career from a small shop. → successful（形容词作定语） 2. She smiled ______ (gentle) at the children. → gently（副词修饰 smiled） 3. ______ (kind) is one of the best qualities of human beings. → Kindness（名词作主语，句首大写） 4. It is ______ (polite) to interrupt others while they are speaking. → impolite（上下文表否定，加否定前缀） 应试提示：先定"成分"后定"词性"；是否需要否定前缀由上下文逻辑决定，而不是见词就加。 （四）考点4 名词单复数与所有格 定义：可数名词须判断用单数还是复数，有时考查名词所有格。 表8 名词单复数与所有格判定规律 考点 判定信号 示例 复数 空前有 many / several / two / dozens of 等数量词；名词为可数且表泛指；谓语用 are / were 提示主语为复数 There are many churches in the town. 特殊复数 不规则名词须单独记忆 child→children；man→men；tooth→teeth；mouse→mice 所有格 表"某人的 / 某物的"，后接名词 today's news；the children's toys 不可数名词 information / advice / news / furniture 等不加 -s a piece of advice 例句： 1. The old man has kept many ______ (hen) in his yard. → hens（many 后接可数名词复数） 2. We should respect other people's ______ (privacy). → privacy（不可数名词，用原形） 3. Look at the ______ (photo) on the wall. They are all about our school. → photos（复数） 4. He is one of the best ______ (player) in our team. → players（one of + 复数名词） 应试提示：看到数量词或谓语动词 be / do 的形式，先判断主语的单复数；不可数名词永远不加 -s。 （五）考点5 比较级与最高级 定义：根据比较对象或范围，将形容词 / 副词变为比较级（-er / more）或最高级（-est / most）。 表9 比较级与最高级判定信号 判定信号 使用形式 示例 空后有 than 比较级 faster than before 空前有 the，空后有 of / in + 范围 最高级 the most valuable of all the + 比较级, the + 比较级 越……越…… The harder you work, the greater progress you will make. 比较级 + and + 比较级 越来越…… more and more popular much / even / a little + 比较级 程度修饰比较级 much more difficult 上下文隐含对比 比较级 Of the two, this one is better. 表10 不规则变化（必须熟记） 原级 比较级 最高级 good / well better best bad / badly worse worst many / much more most little less least far farther / further farthest / furthest 例句： 1. The weather today is much ______ (bad) than yesterday. → worse 2. This is one of the ______ (interesting) books I have ever read. → most interesting（多音节词用 more / most） 3. The ______ (early) you start, the sooner you will succeed. → earlier 4. With the development of science, life is becoming ______ and ______ (convenient). → more and more convenient 应试提示：先找 than、of / in 范围或固定句型，再按"单音节加 -er / -est、多音节加 more / most"变形；不规则变化单独记忆。 （六）考点6 代词的形式变化 定义：将所给人称代词转换为主格、宾格、形容词性 / 名词性物主代词或反身代词。 表11 代词形式选择规律 句子功能 使用形式 示例 作主语 主格：I / you / he / she / it / we / they She is a teacher. 作宾语 / 介词宾语 宾格：me / you / him / her / it / us / them I gave him a book. 后接名词 形容词性物主代词：my / your / his / her / our / their her dream 独立使用、不接名词 名词性物主代词：mine / yours / his / hers / ours / theirs This book is mine. 主语 = 宾语、强调 反身代词：myself / yourself / himself / herself / ourselves / themselves She dressed herself. 例句： 1. The children were excited and couldn't believe ______ (they) eyes. → their（修饰名词 eyes，用形容词性物主代词） 2. Please help ______ (you) to some fish, boys. → yourselves（固定句型 help yourself / yourselves to） 3. — Whose dictionary is this? — It’s ______ (I). → mine（独立使用，用名词性物主代词） 4. The little girl can take care of ______ (she) now. → herself（主语宾语为同一人，用反身代词） 应试提示：先确定空格的句法位置（主 / 宾 / 定语），再选对应形式；出现"主语 = 宾语"或强调含义时用反身代词。 四、核心考点分类突破（无提示词） 本部分讲解无提示词的4个高频考点。作答总原则：先判断空格缺的是哪一类功能词（冠词、介词、连词、代词），再结合语境选定具体单词。 （一）考点7 冠词（a / an / the） 定义：名词前缺少限定词时，根据泛指、特指及发音填入冠词。 表12 冠词用法规律 情形 用法 示例 泛指单数可数名词 a（辅音音素开头）/ an（元音音素开头） an hour；a university 特指：上文提过、有后置定语、独一无二 the the Great Wall 固定搭配 成组记忆 have a good time；in a hurry；play the piano；on the right 抽象名词具体化 可加 a / an a success；a surprise；a pleasure 表13 冠词易混点 易错词 注意点 an hour / an honest boy h 不发音，以元音音素开头，用 an a university / a useful tool u 发 /juː/，为辅音音素开头，用 a an apple / an umbrella 以元音字母和元音音素开头，用 an 例句： 1. He is ______ honest man, and we all trust him. → an（honest 的 h 不发音，以元音音素开头） 2. ______ number of the students in our school is about 3,000. → The（the number of 表"……的数量"；a number of 表"许多"） 3. What ______ pity! We missed the last bus. → a（What a pity 固定感叹句式） 4. I have ______ idea, but it’s not a good one. → an（idea 以元音音素开头） 应试提示：无提示词题先看空格前后是否构成"冠词 + 名词"；再看是特指还是泛指；最后熟记含冠词的固定搭配。 （二）考点8 介词 定义：空格位于名词 / 代词前、动词后或形容词后，起连接作用时，多为介词，且以固定搭配为主要考查方式。 表14 介词高频搭配 类型 高频搭配 示例 动词 + 介词 depend on；look forward to；be made of / from；agree with；apply for；belong to；get rid of We depend on our parents. 形容词 + 介词 be proud of；be good at；be interested in；be famous for；be busy with；be familiar with She is good at drawing. 名词 + 介词 the key to；the answer to；the reason for；the effect on the key to success 时间介词 at（时刻）；on（具体某天）；in（月 / 季 / 年） at 7 o’clock；on Monday；in 2024 原因 / 目的 for；because of；due to；thanks to thanks to your help 例句： 1. The little girl is afraid ______ dogs. → of（be afraid of 害怕） 2. We should apply what we have learned ______ practice. → to（apply...to 把……应用于） 3. He is responsible ______ the safety of the whole team. → for（be responsible for 对……负责） 4. The city is famous ______ its beautiful scenery. → for（be famous for 因……而闻名） 应试提示：介词题以固定搭配为主，平时按"动词 / 形容词 / 名词 + 介词"归类积累；时间、地点介词按规则分类记忆。 （三）考点9 连词与从句引导词 定义：空格位于两个分句之间或从句开头，起连接作用时，填连词或从句引导词。 表15 连词与引导词选用规律 从句类型 引导词选择 示例 并列句 and（递进）；but（转折）；or（选择 / 否则）；so（因果） Hurry up, or you will be late. 定语从句 人：who / whom / whose；物：which / that / whose；时间：when；地点：where；原因：why the day when we met 名词性从句 缺成分："什么"→what；"是否"→whether / if；完整陈述→that What he said is true. 状语从句 when / while（时间）；because（原因）；although / though（让步）；if / unless（条件）；so that（目的） I won’t go unless you go with me. 三步判断：① 看空格前后各是什么——两个句子用连词，名词后接句子多为定语从句；② 定语从句看缺什么——缺主语 / 宾语用 which / that / who，缺状语用 when / where / why；③ 名词性从句看含义——缺"什么"用 what，"是否"用 whether / if，完整陈述用 that。 例句： 1. I still remember the day ______ I joined the army. → when（先行词 the day 表时间，从句缺状语） 2. ______ is known to all, the earth travels around the sun. → As（非限制性定语从句，先行词为整个主句，置于句首用 as） 3. The reason ______ he was late was that he got up late. → why（先行词 the reason，从句缺状语） 4. We will go camping tomorrow ______ it rains. → unless（"除非下雨才不去"，条件关系） 5. He didn’t attend the meeting ______ he was ill. → because（原因关系） 应试提示：定语从句先"找先行词、看缺成分"；名词性从句先"看含义、看成分"；状语从句依据主从句逻辑关系选词。 （四）考点10 it 的用法 定义：无提示词位置若需代词，指代上文事物、天气、时间、距离，或充当形式主语 / 形式宾语时，常填 it。 表16 it 的用法 功能 结构 示例 指代上文事物 代替前文出现的名词 The road is old. It was built long ago. 形式主语 It + be + 形容词 / 名词 + to do / that 从句 It is important to learn English. 形式宾语 find / think / make + it + 形容词 + to do I find it hard to get up early. 固定句型 It takes sb. some time to do；It is time to do；It seems that... It takes an hour to get there. 指天气 / 时间 / 距离 It is rainy. / It is ten minutes’ walk. It is raining hard now. 例句： 1. ______ is necessary for us to develop good habits. → It（形式主语，真正主语为 to develop good habits） 2. I think ______ possible to finish the task in two days. → it（形式宾语） 3. ______ takes about two hours to get to the airport by bus. → It（It takes sb. some time to do sth.） 应试提示：看到"be + 形容词 + to do"且句首缺主语，优先考虑形式主语 it；看到动词后接"形容词 + to do"且缺宾语，优先考虑形式宾语 it。 五、高频易错点清单 以下10个失分点历年高频出现，做题与订正时重点对照。 表17 高频易错点清单 序号 易错点 正确思路 1 句中已有谓语，仍把空格填成谓语动词 一个简单句只有一个谓语，其余动词用非谓语 2 被动语态漏写 be 表被动的谓语必须是 be + 过去分词 3 只看空格所在句，忽略全文时态基调 无标志词时按上下文与体裁推断时态 4 词性转换忽略否定含义 结合上下文判断是否需要 un- / im- / in- / dis- 5 a / an 只看字母不看发音 an hour、a university 等须按音素判断 6 定语从句关系词误用 缺成分用 which / that / who；缺状语用 when / where / why 7 介词 to 后误接动词原形 to 为介词时后接 doing（look forward to doing） 8 第三人称单数漏 -s / -es 一般现在时主语为 he / she / it 或单数名词时，动词须加 -s / -es 9 不可数名词加 -s information / advice / news 等不加 -s 10 句首单词忘记大写 每空填完检查是否位于句首 （一）范例一：The Silk Road（说明文） The Silk Road was a network of trade routes that (1)______ (connect) China with the West in ancient times. (2)______ (carry) silk, tea and spices, merchants travelled across deserts and mountains. The road was not only a route for trade; it also helped the (3)______ (exchange) of culture, art and ideas. Today the Silk Road (4)______ (regard) as a symbol of friendly communication between different civilizations. With modern transport, goods can be moved much (5)______ (fast) than before, but the spirit of cooperation still lives on. Many countries (6)______ (benefit) from trade along the road have become closer to each other. (7)______ is a bridge that connects the East and the West. For centuries, people from different nations have shared not only goods but also (8)______ (they) wisdom and customs. The road reminds us that peace and openness are of great (9)______ (important). It also teaches us that (10)______ we stay united, we can achieve more together. 题号 答案 题号 答案 1 connected 6 benefiting 2 Carrying 7 It 3 exchange 8 their 4 is regarded 9 importance 5 faster 10 if 解析： 1. connected｜考点：谓语动词（时态）。空格在定语从句中作谓语，叙述古代事实，用一般过去时；that（指代 trade routes）与 connect 为主动关系。 2. Carrying｜考点：非谓语（现在分词作伴随状语）。逻辑主语 merchants 与 carry 为主动关系，用 carrying；位于句首，首字母大写。 3. exchange｜考点：名词（作介词宾语）。空前有 the、空后有 of，作介词宾语，用名词 exchange。 4. is regarded｜考点：谓语动词（语态 + 时态）。主语 the Silk Road 与 regard 为被动关系；"当今被视为"用一般现在时被动。 5. faster｜考点：比较级。空后有 than，much 修饰比较级，用 faster。 6. benefiting｜考点：非谓语（现在分词作后置定语）。countries 与 benefit 为主动关系，用 benefiting（"从中受益的国家"）。 7. It｜考点：代词 it。指代前文的 the Silk Road，作主语。 8. their｜考点：代词（形容词性物主代词）。修饰 wisdom and customs，用 their。 9. importance｜考点：词性转换（名词）。be of + 抽象名词结构，用 importance。 10. if｜考点：状语从句连词。主从句为条件关系，"如果我们保持团结"，用 if（when 亦可）。 （二）范例二：一次志愿活动（记叙文） Last summer, I took part in a volunteer activity in a mountain village. On the first day, we (1)______ (give) a list of tasks and began to work at once. I was asked to teach the children English, which made me a little (2)______ (nervousness). However, the children were so eager to learn that they listened (3)______ (careful) in class and finished their homework on time. After class, they often sat around me, (4)______ (share) their dreams and asking about the city life. Seeing their progress, I felt a strong sense of (5)______ (achieve). One day, (6)______ boy named Li Hua drew a picture of me and said he hoped to become a teacher like me. His words touched my heart (7)______ (deep). Before I left, he gave me the picture, (8)______ has become my most precious memory. Looking back, I realize that helping others brings us not only joy but also (9)______ (grow). (10)______ is the experience that has taught me the true meaning of giving. 题号 答案 题号 答案 1 were given 6 a 2 nervous 7 deeply 3 carefully 8 which 4 sharing 9 growth 5 achievement 10 It 解析： 1. were given｜考点：谓语动词（语态 + 时态）。主语 we 与 give 为被动关系，全文基调为一般过去时，用 were given。 2. nervous｜考点：词性转换（名词 → 形容词）。make sb. + 形容词 / feel + 形容词作宾语补足语，用 nervous。 3. carefully｜考点：词性转换（形容词 → 副词）。修饰动词 listened，用 carefully。 4. sharing｜考点：非谓语（现在分词作伴随状语）。逻辑主语 they 与 share 为主动关系，用 sharing。 5. achievement｜考点：词性转换（动词 → 名词）。a sense of + 名词，用 achievement。 6. a｜考点：冠词。泛指"一个名叫李华的男孩"，用 a。 7. deeply｜考点：词性转换（形容词 → 副词）。修饰动词 touched，用 deeply。 8. which｜考点：定语从句关系词。非限制性定语从句，先行词 the picture（物）、从句缺主语，用 which。 9. growth｜考点：词性转换（动词 → 名词）。not only...but also 后接并列名词，用 growth。 10. It｜考点：代词 it（强调句型）。It is...that...强调句式，强调 the experience。 （一）练习一：AI in Our Daily Life Artificial intelligence (AI) is playing a more and more important role in our daily life. It can help us do many things, such as (1)______ (translate) languages and driving cars. Many people worry that AI may take the place of humans in some fields. In fact, AI is just a tool (2)______ (create) by humans. With the help of AI, doctors can find out patients’ problems much (3)______ (early) than before. AI can also help scientists (4)______ (collect) data about the oceans. However, some people think (5)______ is necessary for us to set rules to make sure that AI is used safely. (6)______ (keep) up with the times, we students must learn to use AI wisely and never depend on it too much. AI has become (7)______ important part of modern life, (8)______ (include) education, medicine and transportation. No matter how advanced AI becomes, it can never replace human creativity. Students should develop the ability to learn by (9)______ (they) rather than by machines. Only in this way (10)______ we make the most of AI. （二）练习二：Mr. Zhang’s English Dream Mr. Zhang, a retired worker of 65, began to learn English last year. At first, he found it hard (1)______ (remember) so many new words. But he didn’t give up. Every morning, he is often seen (2)______ (practise) English aloud in the park. His grandchildren often help him (3)______ his pronunciation. Now Mr. Zhang can talk with foreigners (4)______ (free), which makes him very proud. Last month, he joined an English corner, (5)______ he made many friends. He said that learning English had brought him a lot of (6)______ (happy) and had made his life much more colourful than before. To encourage more old people, he often shares his experience (7)______ others. He believes that it is never too late to learn. As long as we keep trying, we can realize our dreams (8)______ (regard) of our age."Learning makes me feel young and energetic," he said with (9)______ smile on his face. In fact, he has set (10)______ good example for all of us. 答案与解析 （一）练习一 题号 答案 题号 答案 1 translating 6 To keep 2 created 7 an 3 earlier 8 including 4 collect 9 themselves 5 it 10 can 解析： 1. translating｜考点：非谓语（介词后动名词）。such as 为介词短语，后接动名词 translating。 2. created｜考点：非谓语（过去分词作定语）。tool 与 create 为被动关系，用 created。 3. earlier｜考点：比较级。空后有 than，用 earlier。 4. collect｜考点：固定搭配。help sb. (to) do sth.，用动词原形 collect。 5. it｜考点：代词 it（形式主语）。it 作形式主语，真正主语为 to set rules...。 6. To keep｜考点：非谓语（不定式表目的）。"为了跟上时代"，用 To keep；位于句首，首字母大写。 7. an｜考点：冠词。important 以元音音素开头，泛指用 an。 8. including｜考点：介词。including 意为"包括"，用于列举。 9. themselves｜考点：代词（反身代词）。by themselves 固定搭配，意为"靠他们自己"。 10. can｜考点：部分倒装。only + 介词短语置于句首，主句用部分倒装，情态动词 can 提前。 （二）练习二 题号 答案 题号 答案 1 to remember 6 happiness 2 practising 7 with 3 with 8 regardless 4 freely 9 a 5 where 10 an 解析： 1. to remember｜考点：非谓语（不定式）。find it + 形容词 + to do 结构，it 为形式宾语，用 to remember。 2. practising｜考点：非谓语（感官动词被动结构）。sb. is seen doing sth. 表示"被看见正在做某事"，用 practising。 3. with｜考点：介词固定搭配。help sb. with sth.，意为"帮助某人做某事"。 4. freely｜考点：词性转换（形容词 → 副词）。修饰动词 talk，用 freely。 5. where｜考点：定语从句关系词。先行词 English corner 表地点，从句缺状语，用 where。 6. happiness｜考点：词性转换（形容词 → 名词）。a lot of + 名词，用 happiness。 7. with｜考点：介词固定搭配。share sth. with sb.，意为"与某人分享"。 8. regardless｜考点：固定搭配。regardless of 意为"不管、不顾"。 9. a｜考点：冠词。with a smile 固定搭配，意为"面带微笑"。 10. an｜考点：冠词。set an example 固定搭配，意为"树立榜样"；example 以元音音素开头，用 an。 训练 1 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 To many outside China, shaobing may sound like a single product. In reality, it refers to a broad type of baked flatbreads that vary widely by region, not only in preparation, but also in the way they 1 (consume). In Beijing, sesame-coated shaobing is firm and crispy, often 2 (slice) open and filled with braised beef, donkey meat 3 pork. It may also be dipped into soy milk at breakfast stalls, which 4 (soften) the crust while preserving its toasted aroma (浓香). In Shaanxi province, the bread used for roujiamo, 5 meat sandwich, is baked until the exterior is crisp while the inside remains soft enough 6 (absorb) the juices of the meat. Chopped, slow-braised pork is packed inside, creating a rich and savory bite. Farther west in the Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region, local bakers prepare naan (馕) — a little 7 (thick), round flatbreads baked in tandoor-like (类似泥炉的) ovens. Naan, 8 people often eat plain, is also paired with lamb kebabs, yogurt or tea. Dry and fragrant, it is made to last, 9 (reflect) life along historic trade routes where bread was needed to travel. These traditional baked breads not only highlight China’s splendid food culture but also carry the unique living habits and 10 (wise) of different regions. 2 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Liliana Restrepo, a 46-year-old teacher from Colombia, made a life-changing decision several years ago. She chose to settle in Quzhou, 11 city in east China’s Zhejiang Province, together with her 10-year-old son. When 12 (question) about her reasons, she mentioned safety, convenience and efficiency as the most appealing qualities of life in China. “I hope living in China will help my son see a broader world, understand different cultures 13 learn to respect them,” Restrepo said. For the family 14 (come) from Medellin in Colombia, they have acquired far beyond mere sightseeing — they have become part of the local community, celebrating festivals with great 15 (enthusiastic) and enjoying daily routines just like any other Chinese family. This summer, driven by their passion 16 the traditional Chinese medicine, Restrepo took her son to a local clinic 17 (experience) a medical practice — sanfutie, meaning treating winter diseases in summer. This centuries-old treatment, 18 involves applying herbal patches (药贴) to specific points on the body during the hottest days of the year, is believed to strengthen people’s immune system. Both the mother and the son found the experience truly 19 (amaze), as it offered them a window into the wisdom of Chinese medicine. “Chinese culture 20 (succeed) in integrating itself into our daily lives over the past few years,” Restrepo said with a warm smile. “We don’t just observe it — we live it and embrace it every single day.” 3 阅读下列短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In the fertile plains of Sichuan, Zeng Fanyu, 21 national inheritor of China’s intangible cultural heritage, 22 (spend) over 30 years protecting the Yongchuan fermented (发酵) black bean craftsmanship — something she fondly calls “the magic of soybeans”. The craft 23 (follow) an old and strict process: firstly, plump (饱满的) local soybeans are immersed in spring water for 12 hours, then steamed until tender but not mushy 24 finally placed in traditional earthen jars for fermentation, which lasts from 10 months to a whole year. Zeng is very particular 25 every detail: even a 5-minute over-steaming or a slight temperature change in the fermentation room would ruin the beans’ rich, delicious taste. Today, while 26 (preserve) the core tradition, she innovates boldly. She combines traditional bacterial strains (菌株) with carefully 27 (select) new ones to make the beans more tasty, and develops trendy flavors like spicy garlic and savory beef to suit young 28 (people) taste. “Every black bean carries the taste memory of Sichuan families — of grandma’s stir-fries and dad’s braised pork,” she says. It is the perfect mix of 29 (loyal) to heritage and creative adaptation that keeps Yongchuan fermented black beans, the 30 (replaceable) soul of Sichuan cuisine, fragrant through generations. 4 Although air conditioners across China are working as the summer heat begins to climb, the folding fan that was once pushed to the edges of daily life 31 (reappear). Once associated mainly 32 a traditional art, the bamboo-and-silk folding fan is again being picked up by younger consumers as a 33 (function) accessory and a form of cultural expression. A traditional Chinese folding fan consists of two sections: the ribs (扇骨), typically carved from bamboo, and the fan surface, often 34 (make) of silk or mulberry bark paper (桑皮纸). Unlike mass-produced plastic fans, each piece is hand-assembled, with ribs radiating from a single rivet (铆钉), 35 (allow) the fan to fold flat or open quickly. Its surface, painted with landscapes or calligraphy, turns it into a handy work of art. Sun Yaqing, chairwoman of Wangxingji, 36 found cultural depth in the fans’ physical construction, said that the fan brings you 37 natural breeze as well as spiritual comfort. Bamboo represents humility, integrity and 38 (persevere) in Chinese culture. For ancient scholars, holding a folding fan reminded themselves of those 39 (virtue). There is also life wisdom in opening and closing a folding fan — knowing when to expand, when to withdraw. The folding fan is not just a seasonal tool 40 a message — folded, carved, painted and ready to be opened. 5 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The International Youth Orchestra Art Week 2026 recently drew to a close after a string of joint concerts and music activities, 41 (gather) young music lovers from China, Russia, Turkmenistan, Bulgaria, Mexico, and Indonesia. 42 (host) by the China Soong Ching Ling Science and Culture Center for Young People, the activity served as 43 important cultural exchange platform. It included orchestra training courses, professional 44 (guide) from well-known music teachers, visits to Beijing’s historic sites and shared musical performances. The opening concert created an encouraging atmosphere. The Soong Ching Ling Peace Angel Art Troupe played Mozart’s Serenade No. 13 in G Major 45 (skillful), showing the young Chinese musicians’ solid skills and confidence. They were followed by an orchestra from the M. I. Glinka Novosibirsk State Conservatory in Russia, 46 performed a selection from Christoph Willibald Gluck’s Dance of the Furies. A violin group from Turkmenistan mixed Eastern and Western musical styles by playing Brahms’ Hungarian Dance No. 5 together with folk works by local composer Nury Halmammedov, creating a musical connection 47 ancient Silk Road culture and European classical music. Bulgarian groups 48 (show) lively Balkan culture with songs, instrumental pieces and dances, while a youth orchestra from Mexico brought strong Latin charm through Arturo Marquez’s Danzon No. 2. The Trinity Youth Symphony Orchestra gave the final performance, earning warm applause with Balinese folk tunes and a traditional Jakarta song. 49 (they) performance highlighted the beauty of rich 50 (culture) diversity. During the whole event, young musicians worldwide communicated artistically and built long-term friendships through the universal language of music. 6 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The release of 20 crested ibises (朱鹮) in Xiaolong Mountain, Gansu province, on Sunday marked the next phase of the province’s plan   51 (restore) populations of endangered species in the wild, according to the National Forestry and Grassland Administration. Prior to their release, the birds were   52 (strict) trained for rewilding and given health checks, and were fitted with identification tags (标签). The move is expected to help the species return to some 53 (area) of its historical range and expand its habitat. Back in 1981, only seven wild crested ibises   54 (discover) in Shaanxi, believed to be the last of their kind. After over four decades of conservation efforts, the global population has exceeded 10,000, which shows how 55 (effect) China’s conservation efforts have been. Historically, Xiaolong Mountain was home to crested ibises. In 2023, Gansu launched a reintroduction project, 56 (bring) in breeding (繁育) ibises from Shaanxi’s Hanzhong Crested Ibis National Nature Reserve. A breeding base was built at the Longmen forest farm, 57 artificial breeding and rewilding training were carried out. With continuous 58 (protect), the number of ibises there rose from 20 to 50. “The release marks a new stage in Gansu’s crested ibis conservation, as it shifts 59 artificial breeding to rebuilding wild populations,” said Wan Ziming. He also stressed, “Rewilding is not ‘release and forget’, 60 a long-term, systematic and science-based project.” 7 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Stretching along the southern coast of Guangdong Province in China, Shenzhen High-Tech Industrial Park stands as the unquestionable national leader and global center of technological innovation. The park is home 61 many tech giants and pioneering enterprises alike, from industry forerunners that have reshaped people’s daily lives to ambitious startups 62 (battle) to define the future of technology. What makes this park extraordinary is not merely its 63 (concentrate) of technology firms, but a unique ecosystem 64 top-tier research, bold investment, and innovative culture are integrated, allowing traditional academic boundaries to redefine 65 (them) in the modern era. Universities and research institutions in the Pearl River Delta supply 66 steady flow of outstanding talent, while policy support provides the financial and other related backing needed 67 (generate) and turn creative ideas into practical products. Driven by continuous breakthroughs in fields, the park serves as a magnet (磁铁) for professionals from every corner of the world, old and young, inexperienced and 68 (season), all drawn here because of the chance to success. Over decades, the park with its surrounding areas 69 (evolve) from a region focused on electronic production into a symbol of technological progress and development potential, 70 (constant) pushing the boundaries of what human creativity can achieve. 8 阅读下面短文，在空白处填写1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The multi-functionality of bamboo is recognized in China, where the giant woody grass has been 71 (wide) employed since the 11th century BC． Blessed with a wealth of bamboo forests, China is the world’s largest producer of bamboo products and this resource, similar in scale to wood, secures its leading position in the 72 (globe) market. Evolving an eco-friendly 73 (replace) for plastic, bamboo is prized for its superior green nature. Its advantage lies not only in its strength but in its rapid growth. As opposed to trees that take over a decade 74 (mature), bamboo can be harvested in just four to six years, 75 allows people to cut it again and again without replanting. In Anji, a county in northwestern Zhejiang Province, bamboo 76 (take) the place of plastic in various products so far. With about 600 square kilometers of bamboo forests, Anji serves 77 a model in advancing bamboo as an alternative to plastic. The industrial development of bamboo benefits local communities as well, 78 (bring) life back to rural areas through bamboo harvesting. Scenes of harmony between humankind and nature are emerging in Anji, where bamboo-driven development is promoted to initiate dialogues with nature and build 79 greener future. Transformation, innovation, collaboration, and sustainably grown natural treasures all form part of humanity’s 80 (share) heritage. 参考答案 1 1．are consumed 2．sliced 3．or 4．softens 5．a 6．to absorb 7．thicker 8．which 9．reflecting 10．wisdom 【解析】文章介绍了中国各地烧饼的不同种类和吃法，包括北京芝麻烧饼、陕西肉夹馍和新疆馕，展现了中国饮食文化的地域多样性。 1．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：实际上，它指的是一大类烘焙面饼，各地差异很大，不仅在制作方式上，而且在食用方式上也是如此。consume(食用)是定语从句的谓语动词，与先行词they(指代baked flatbreads)之间是被动关系；句子描述客观事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态；主语为复数代词，谓语用复数形式are consumed。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：在北京，裹着芝麻的烧饼紧实酥脆，常被切开，夹入卤牛肉、驴肉或猪肉。此处作状语，slice(切开)用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语sesame-coated shaobing之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式表被动。 3．考查连词。句意：在北京，裹着芝麻的烧饼紧实酥脆，常被切开，夹入卤牛肉、驴肉或猪肉。braised beef、donkey meat和pork为并列的列举项，此处表示选择关系，应用并列连词or连接。 4．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：它也可能在早餐摊上被蘸着豆浆吃，这会软化外皮同时保留其烘烤的浓香。soften(软化)是定语从句的谓语动词，与先行词which(指代前面整个主句所述内容)之间是主动关系；句子描述客观事实，应用一般现在时；which视作单数概念，谓语用单数形式softens。 5．考查冠词。句意：在陕西省，用来做肉夹馍的面饼被烤到外皮酥脆，而内部仍然足够柔软以吸收肉汁。meat sandwich为可数名词单数，此处表示“一种肉夹馍”，泛指，且meat发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：在陕西省，用来做肉夹馍的面饼被烤到外皮酥脆，而内部仍然足够柔软以吸收肉汁。adj.+enough+to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“足够……做某事”，用不定式to absorb作结果状语。 7．考查形容词比较级。句意：在更西边的新疆维吾尔自治区，当地的面包师制作馕——一种稍厚一点的圆形面饼，在类似泥炉的烤炉中烤制。根据句意可知，此处表示“稍厚一点的”，应用thick的比较级thicker，作定语。 8．考查定语从句。句意：馕通常被直接食用，也常与羊肉串、酸奶或茶搭配。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Naan，指物，关系词在从句中作eat的宾语，应用关系代词which引导该从句。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：它干燥而芳香，便于保存，反映了历史上贸易路线沿途的生活，那里需要面包便于携带。此处作伴随状语，reflect(反映)用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语it之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式表主动。 10．考查名词。句意：这些传统烘焙面饼不仅突显了中国灿烂的饮食文化，也承载了不同地区独特的生活习惯和智慧。提示词与living habits并列作carry的宾语，用名词wisdom，意为“智慧”，是不可数名词。 2 11．a 12．questioned 13．and 14．coming 15．enthusiasm 16．for 17．to experience 18．which 19．amazing 20．has succeeded 【解析】这篇文章主要讲述了来自哥伦比亚的教师莉莉安娜·雷斯特雷波携儿子定居衢州。她热爱中国生活，体验三伏贴，认为中国文化融入日常生活，他们亲身感受并接纳中华文化。 11．考查冠词。句意：她选择与10岁的儿子一起定居在中国浙江省东部的衢州。此处泛指 “中国东部浙江省的一座城市”，city以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。 12．考查状语从句的省略用法。句意：当被问及原因时，她提到安全、便利和效率是她认为中国生活最吸引人的优点。分析句子可知，此处为When引导时间状语从句的省略用法，主语she与动词question是被动关系，完整表达为When she was questioned，省略主语和 be 动词，填过去分词questioned。 13．考查连词。句意：“我希望生活在中囯能帮助我的儿子看到更广阔的世界，了解不同的文化，并学会尊重它们，”雷斯特雷波说。空格前后是三个并列的不定式结构 see..., understand..., learn...，是顺承并列关系，用并列连词and连接。 14．考查非谓语动词。句意：对于这个来自哥伦比亚麦德林的家庭而言，他们所获得的远不止观光旅游——他们已融入当地社区，热情地参与节庆活动，享受着与其他中国家庭无异的日常生活。分此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰the family，family与come 是主动关系，用现在分词coming。 15．考查名词。句意：对于这个来自哥伦比亚麦德林的家庭而言，他们所获得的远不止观光旅游——他们已融入当地社区，热情地参与节庆活动，享受着与其他中国家庭无异的日常生活。形容词great后接名词，enthusiastic的名词形式为enthusiasm，构成短语with great enthusiasm，意为“满怀热情地”。 16．考查固定短语。句意：今年夏天，出于对中医的热爱，雷斯特雷波带儿子前往当地诊所体验了一种名为“三伏贴”的传统疗法，即在一年中最炎热的时期将草药贴敷于身体特定穴位，冬病夏治。此处为固定搭配passion for sth.，意为“对某事的热爱/热情”。 17．考查动词不定式 。句意：今年夏天，出于对中医的热爱，雷斯特雷波带儿子前往当地诊所体验了一种名为“三伏贴”的传统疗法，即在一年中最炎热的时期将草药贴敷于身体特定穴位，冬病夏治此处用不定式to do作目的状语，说明“带儿子去当地诊所”的目的是体验三伏贴疗法。 18．考查定语从句。句意：这种有几个世纪历史的疗法是在一年中最热的日子里将草药贴在身体的特定部位，被认为可以增强人的免疫系统。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是 treatment（指物），从句中缺少主语，用关系代词which。 19．考查形容词。句意：母亲和儿子都觉得这次经历真的很神奇，因为这为他们打开了一扇了解中医智慧的窗户。此处作宾语补足语，修饰名词experience（事物），用形容词 amazing，意为“令人惊叹的”。 20．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：“在过去的几年里，中国文化已经成功地融入了我们的日常生活，”雷斯特雷波微笑着说。时间状语 over the past few years是现在完成时的标志，主语 Chinese culture 是单数，所以为has succeeded的填入。 3 21．a 22．has spent 23．follows 24．and 25．about 26．preserving 27．selected 28．people’s 29．loyalty 30．irreplaceable 【解析】本文介绍了非遗传承人曾凡玉保护永川豆豉制作技艺的故事。 21．考查冠词。句意：在四川肥沃的平原上，国家级非物质文化遗产传承人曾凡玉，花了三十多年时间保护永川豆豉酿造工艺——她亲切地称之为“大豆的魔法”。此处泛指“一位国家级非遗传承人”，national发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a修饰。 22．考查动词时态及主谓一致。句意同上。根据时间状语over 30 years及语境，表示动作从过去持续到现在，应用现在完成时，主语Zeng Fanyu是第三人称单数，助动词用has。 23．考查动词时态。句意：这门工艺遵循古老而严格的流程：首先，饱满的本地大豆在泉水中浸泡12小时，然后蒸熟至软而不烂，最后放入传统陶罐中发酵，持续10个月到一整年。描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语The craft是第三人称单数，谓语用follows。 24．考查连词。句意同上。句中 are immersed、steamed、placed 是三个连续的并列动作，表示顺承关系，应用并列连词and。 25．考查介词。句意：曾凡玉对每一个细节都十分讲究：哪怕多蒸 5 分钟，或是发酵室温度发生微小变化，都会毁掉大豆浓郁鲜美的口感。be particular about是固定短语，意为“对……讲究/挑剔”。 26．考查非谓语动词。句意：如今，在保留核心传统的同时，她大胆创新。while引导省略句，主语she与preserve之间是主动关系，完整为while (she is) preserving，应用现在分词preserving。 27．考查非谓语动词。句意：她把传统菌株和精心挑选的新菌株结合，让豆豉口感更佳，还开发出蒜香辣味、咸香牛肉等新潮口味，迎合年轻人的喜好。空处修饰ones（strains），表示“被挑选的”，应用过去分词selected作前置定语。 28．考查名词所有格。句意：同上。修饰名词taste，应用people的所有格people’s，意为“年轻人的”。 29．考查名词。句意：正是对传统的忠诚与创造性适应的完美结合，使永川豆豉——这道川菜不可替代的灵魂——世代飘香。空处作介词of的宾语，应用名词loyalty，意为“忠诚”。 30．考查形容词。句意同上。修饰名词soul，结合语境“不可替代的川菜灵魂”，应用irreplaceable作定语，含义为“不可替代的”。 4 31．is reappearing/reappears 32．with 33．functional 34．made 35．allowing 36．who 37．a 38．perseverance 39．virtues 40．but 【解析】文章主要介绍了在空调普及的当下，中国传统折扇重新受到年轻人青睐，介绍折扇的构造、文化内涵以及开合之间蕴含的人生智慧。 31．考查动词时态。句意：随着夏日气温攀升，全国各地的空调纷纷运转，而曾经淡出人们日常生活的折扇再度回归大众视野。此处为谓语动词，结合当前语境，描述客观事实或者现阶段正在发生的动作，可用一般现在时或现在进行时，主语the folding fan为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词为reappears/is reappearing。 32．考查介词。句意：这种竹木丝绸折扇曾经主要与传统艺术关联，如今再度受到年轻消费者追捧，成为实用配饰与文化表达的载体。此处为固定搭配be associated with，意为“与……相关联”，所以此处为介词with。 33．考查形容词。句意：这种竹木丝绸折扇曾经主要与传统艺术关联，如今再度受到年轻消费者追捧，成为实用配饰与文化表达的载体。此处修饰名词accessory，需要形容词作定语，function对应的形容词functional，意为“实用的、功能性的”。 34．考查非谓语动词。句意：一把中国传统折扇由两部分组成：扇骨，通常由竹子雕刻，以及扇面，常由丝绸或者桑皮纸制作。此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰the fan surface，make与逻辑主语the fan surface之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词made。 35．考查非谓语动词。句意：与批量生产的塑料扇不同，每一把折扇都是手工组装而成，扇骨由单一铆钉向外辐射，能够让扇子快速收拢或展开。此处为非谓语动词作结果状语，allow与前面整件事的逻辑主语之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词allowing。 36．考查定语从句。句意：王星记董事长孙亚青从折扇的构造中发现了文化底蕴，她说扇子既能带来自然清风，也能给予人精神慰藉。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词Sun Yaqing指人，关系词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who。 37．考查冠词。句意：王星记董事长孙亚青从折扇的构造中发现了文化底蕴，她说扇子既能带来自然清风，也能给予人精神慰藉。breeze是可数名词单数，a natural breeze 表示“一阵自然清风”，需要不定冠词a。 38．考查名词。句意：在中国文化中，竹子象征着谦逊、正直与坚韧。此处与名词humility、integrity并列，需要名词作并列宾语，persevere对应的名词perseverance。 39．考查名词。句意：对于古代文人雅士而言，手持折扇能够时刻提醒自己坚守这些美德。those后接可数名词复数，virtue的复数形式为virtues。 40．考查连词。句意：折扇不仅仅是应季用具，更是一种寓意载体，经雕琢绘饰，收合有度，静待开启。此处为固定搭配not just...but (also)...，意为“不仅……而且……”。 5 41．gathering 42．Hosted 43．an 44．guidance 45．skillfully 46．which 47．between 48．showed 49．Their 50．cultural 【解析】文章主要说明了2026国际青年管弦乐团艺术周圆满落幕。来自中、俄等六国的青年音乐家开展音乐表演与交流，展示多元音乐文化。活动以音乐为纽带，促进国际艺术沟通与交流。 41．考查非谓语动词。句意：2026年国际青年管弦乐团艺术周在一系列联合音乐会和音乐活动后落下帷幕，汇聚了来自中国、俄罗斯、土库曼斯坦、保加利亚、墨西哥和印度尼西亚的年轻音乐爱好者。设空处为非谓语作结果状语，主语The International Youth Orchestra Art Week 2026与动词gather是主动关系，需用现在分词形式。 42．考查非谓语动词。句意：该活动由中国宋庆龄青少年科技文化交流中心主办，是一个重要的文化交流平台。设空处为非谓语作状语，主语the activity与动词host是被动关系，需用过去分词形式，句首首字母大写。 43．考查冠词。句意：该活动由中国宋庆龄青少年科技文化交流中心主办，是一个重要的文化交流平台。此处泛指“一个重要的文化交流平台”，important以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an。 44．考查名词。句意：活动包含管弦乐训练课程、知名音乐教师的专业指导、北京历史古迹游览以及联合音乐演出。设空处被形容词professional修饰，需用名词guidance，表示“指导”，为不可数名词。 45．考查副词。句意：宋庆龄和平天使艺术团娴熟地演奏了莫扎特的《G大调第13号小夜曲》，展现了中国年轻音乐家扎实的功底和自信。设空处修饰动词played，需用副词skillfully。 46．考查定语从句。句意：在他们之后登场的是来自俄罗斯M.I.格林卡新西伯利亚国立音乐学院的管弦乐团，该乐团演奏了克里斯托夫·维利巴尔德·格鲁克的《复仇之舞》的选段。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是orchestra（指代事物），关系词在从句中作主语，需用which。 47．考查介词。句意：来自土库曼斯坦的小提琴组合将勃拉姆斯的《匈牙利舞曲第五号》与当地作曲家努里·哈尔梅梅多夫的民间作品一同演奏，融合了东西方音乐风格，在古丝绸之路文化和欧洲古典音乐之间建立了音乐联结。固定搭配between...and...表示“在……和……之间”，符合语境。 48．考查动词时态。句意：保加利亚团体通过歌曲、器乐作品和舞蹈展示了鲜活的巴尔干文化，而来自墨西哥的青年管弦乐团则通过阿图罗·马克斯的《第二号丹松舞曲》带来了浓郁的拉丁风情。全文描述的是已举办的艺术周的相关情况，整体为一般过去时。 49．考查代词。句意：他们的表演凸显了丰富文化多样性的魅力。设空处修饰名词performance，需用形容词性物主代词，they对应的形容词性物主代词为their，句首首字母大写。 50．考查形容词。句意：他们的表演凸显了丰富文化多样性的魅力。设空处修饰名词diversity，需用形容词cultural。 6 51．to restore 52．strictly 53．areas 54．were discovered 55．effective 56．bringing 57．where 58．protection 59．from 60．but 【解析】本文主要讲述了甘肃天水小陇山放归20只人工繁育朱鹮，标志着当地濒危物种野外种群恢复计划进入新阶段，回顾了我国朱鹮保护四十余年的成效以及甘肃朱鹮重引入项目的推进过程与后续保护方向。 51．考查非谓语动词。句意：据国家林业和草原局消息，周日，甘肃省小陇山放归20只朱鹮，标志着该省濒危物种种群野外恢复计划进入下一阶段。此处用不定式作后置定语修饰抽象名词plan，表计划的具体内容和目的。 52．考查副词。句意：在放归前，这些朱鹮接受了严格的野化训练和健康检查，身上还佩戴了识别标签。此处需要副词修饰后面的动词trained，形容词strict的副词形式为strictly。 53．考查名词单复数。句意：此举有望帮助该物种回到其历史分布区的部分区域，扩大其栖息地。空格前有限定词some，后接可数名词时需要用复数形式，area为可数名词，复数为areas。 54．考查动词的时态语态和主谓一致。句意：早在1981年，陕西仅发现7只野生朱鹮，被认为是仅存的朱鹮个体。根据时间状语In 1981可知用一般过去时，主语seven wild crested ibises和动词discover是被动关系，且主语为复数，故用一般过去时的被动语态were discovered。 55．考查形容词。句意：经过四十多年的保护努力，全球朱鹮数量已突破1万只，这表明中国的保护工作是多么有效。此处为how引导的感叹句，结构为how+形容词+主语+系动词，系动词be后需要形容词作表语，名词effect的形容词形式为effective。 56．考查非谓语动词。句意：2023年，甘肃启动了朱鹮重引入项目，从陕西汉中朱鹮国家级自然保护区引入繁育朱鹮。句子主干为Gansu launched a reintroduction project，此处用现在分词作伴随状语，逻辑主语Gansu和动词bring是主动关系。 57．考查定语从句。句意：在龙门林场修建了一个繁育基地，在那里开展人工繁育和野化训练。先行词为the Longmen forest farm，是表示地点的名词，定语从句中缺少地点状语，故用关系副词where引导。 58．考查名词。句意：在持续的保护下，那里的朱鹮数量从20只增加到了50只。空格前有形容词continuous修饰，需要填入名词作介词with的宾语，动词protect的名词形式为protection。 59．考查介词固定搭配。句意：万自明表示：“此次放归标志着甘肃朱鹮保护进入新阶段，保护工作从人工繁育转向重建野生种群。”固定搭配shift from...to...表示“从……转向……”。 60．考查连词固定结构。句意：他还强调：“野化放归不是‘一放了之’，而是一项长期的、系统性的、基于科学的工程。”固定结构not...but...表示“不是……而是……”。 7 61．to 62．battling 63．concentration 64．where 65．themselves 66．a 67．to generate 68．seasoned 69．has evolved 70．constantly 【解析】文章主要介绍了位于中国广东南部沿海的深圳高新技术产业园区，说明它作为国内顶尖、全球知名的技术创新中心，汇聚大量科技企业，拥有融合顶尖科研、投资与创新文化的独特生态，多年来不断发展，持续拓展人类创造力的边界。 61．考查介词。句意：该园区是许多科技巨头和先锋企业的所在地，既有改变了人们日常生活的行业先驱，也有努力定义科技未来的雄心勃勃的初创企业。固定搭配be home to是固定表达，意为“是……的所在地/家园”。 62．考查非谓语动词。句意：该园区是许多科技巨头和先锋企业的所在地，既有改变了人们日常生活的行业先驱，也有努力定义科技未来的雄心勃勃的初创企业。此处battle与逻辑主语startups构成主动关系，作后置定语修饰名词startups，需用现在分词形式。 63．考查名词。句意：让这个园区与众不同的不仅仅是科技公司的聚集，更是一个将顶尖科研、大胆投资和创新文化融合在一起的独特生态系统。空前有形容词性物主代词its修饰，其后需要接名词，concentrate的名词形式是concentration，意为“聚集、集中”。 64．考查定语从句。句意：让这个园区与众不同的不仅仅是科技公司的聚集，更是一个将顶尖科研、大胆投资和创新文化融合在一起的独特生态系统。先行词是ecosystem，在定语从句中充当地点状语，表示“在这个生态系统中”，需用关系副词where引导从句。 65．考查反身代词。句意：让传统的学术边界在现代重新定义自身。此处指代主语traditional academic boundaries，动作的对象回指主语本身，需要用them的反身代词形式themselves。 66．考查冠词。句意：珠江三角洲的高校和科研机构源源不断地输送优秀人才。固定搭配a flow of是常用表达，意为“一股……的流”，此处steady以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。 67．考查非谓语动词。句意：而政策支持则提供了将创意转化为实用产品所需的资金和其他相关支持。固定结构sth. be needed to do sth.表示“某物被需要用来做某事”。 68．考查形容词。句意：在各个领域不断突破的推动下，这个园区像一块磁铁，吸引着来自世界各地的专业人士，无论年长还是年轻，毫无经验还是经验丰富。此处与形容词inexperienced并列，共同作后置定语修饰professionals，需要用形容词形式，season的形容词seasoned意为“经验丰富的”。 69．考查动词时态与主谓一致。句意：数十年来，该园区及其周边地区已经从一个专注于电子生产的区域演变为技术进步和发展潜力的象征。时间状语Over decades是现在完成时的标志，主语the park是单数，with its surrounding areas是插入的伴随状语，不影响主谓一致，助动词用has。 70．考查副词。句意：不断拓展人类创造力所能达到的边界。此处修饰现在分词pushing，需要用副词作状语，constant的副词形式是constantly，意为“持续不断地”。 8 71．widely 72．global 73．replacement 74．to mature 75．which 76．has taken 77．as 78．bringing 79．a 80．shared 【解析】文章介绍了竹子在中国的高实用价值及其作为塑料环保替代品的独特优势，并以浙江安吉为例说明竹子产业对绿色发展和乡村振兴的推动作用。 71．考查副词。句意：竹子的多功能性在中国得到认可，这种巨大的木本植物自公元前11世纪以来就被广泛使用。提示词wide(广泛的)在句中修饰动词employed，应用副词形式widely(广泛地)作状语。 72．考查形容词。句意：中国拥有丰富的竹林资源，是世界上最大的竹产品生产国，这种规模与木材相当的资源确保了其在全球市场中的领先地位。提示词globe(全球)在句中修饰名词market，应用形容词形式global(全球的)作定语。 73．考查名词。句意：竹子逐渐发展成为一种环保的塑料替代品，因其卓越的绿色特性而备受珍视。提示词replace(替代)作宾语，有不定冠词an修饰，用单数名词replacement，意为“替代品”。 74．考查非谓语动词。句意：与需要十多年才能成熟的树木不同，竹子只需四到六年即可采伐，这使人们可以反复砍伐而无需重新种植。“takes + 时间 + to do sth.”为固定搭配，意为“花时间去做某事”，不定式to mature作目的状语。 75．考查定语从句。句意：与需要十多年才能成熟的树木不同，竹子只需四到六年即可采伐，这使人们可以反复砍伐而无需重新种植。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面整个主句所述内容，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导该从句。 76．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在浙江省西北部的安吉县，迄今为止竹子已在各种产品中取代了塑料。动词短语take the place of意为“取代”，作谓语，结合时间状语so far可知，动作从过去持续到现在，应用现在完成时态；主语bamboo为不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式has taken。 77．考查介词。句意：安吉拥有约600平方公里的竹林，是推动竹子替代塑料的典范。serve as为固定搭配，意为“充当，作为”。 78．考查非谓语动词。句意：竹子的产业发展也惠及当地社区，通过竹子采伐为农村地区带来了生机。此处作结果状语，bring(带来)用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语，即前文所述内容，之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式表主动。 79．考查冠词。句意：在安吉，人与自然和谐相处的景象正在显现，那里推广以竹驱动的发展，以开启与自然的对话并建设一个更加绿色的未来。future为可数名词单数，此处表示“一个更加绿色的未来”，泛指，且greener发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。 80．考查非谓语动词。句意：转型、创新、合作以及可持续种植的自然瑰宝，都构成了人类共同遗产的一部分。提示词share(共享，分享)修饰名词heritage，用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语heritage之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动。 一、阅读理解 A As humans and robots are increasingly sharing workspaces, collisions can be dangerous for people. Italian startup Generative Bionics has a fix: a humanoid robot covered in sensing skin that can “feel” nearby humans and adjust its movements before any contact occurs. The robot, called Gene.01, is wrapped in a network of sensors from its trunk to its limbs (肢体). This smart skin tracks touch, temperature, and force in real time, allowing the robot to anticipate a person’s presence and react before contact happens, just as you pull your hand back from a hot stove before touching it. The same sensors also let humans physically teach the robot new tasks. Instead of only showing Gene.01 videos, a person can demonstrate not only motion, but also the force required. Gene.01 can sense and remember the precise force applied by the person in real time. This helps address some persistent problems that video-only learning cannot solve, such as how to tightly hold an object. Gene.01 is built around what Generative Bionics calls “Physical AI”, the integration of robotics and artificial intelligence where the physical body itself becomes an essential part of the computational system. This stands in contrast to conventional robotics design where a central processor handles all computation and sends commands to passive actuators (执行器). In Gene.01’s design, processing occurs near sensors throughout the body, enabling split-second reaction times and smoother movement. Rather than a single finished product, Gene.01 is a basic platform that can be customized for different jobs. Customers can change its AI, outer design, or even refit its hands or feet depending on the task. The company aims to build an independent European AI supply chain, partnering with a German firm to produce key components locally. Generative Bionics has already raised $81 million from investors. The first real-world application is already underway, with the company working with a shipbuilding company to develop a welding (焊接) humanoid for use in its shipyards. 1．Why is Gene.01 equipped with sensing skin? A．To make its hardware more durable. B．To give it a human-like appearance. C．To react early to avoid hurting humans. D．To monitor workers’ physical conditions. 2．Why does the author mention “how to tightly hold an object” in paragraph 3? A．To expose video-learning’s weakness. B．To prove Gene.01’s limitation on tasks. C．To stress the value of movement accuracy. D．To show Gene.01 sensors’ powerful function. 3．What does paragraph 4 mainly tell us about Gene.01? A．Its design philosophy. B．Its operational conditions. C．Its unique materials. D．Its development prospect. 4．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．Gene.01 has been marketed in German. B．Gene.01 is multipurpose and user-friendly. C．Generative Bionics is short of funds to expand. D．Generative Bionics focuses mainly on ship industry. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．B 【解析】本文介绍意大利公司研发的人形机器人Gene.01，介绍其感知皮肤、物理人工智能设计以及多用途平台特性。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Italian startup Generative Bionics has a fix: a humanoid robot covered in sensing skin that can “feel” nearby humans and adjust its movements before any contact occurs.(意大利初创公司Generative Bionics给出了解决方案：一款覆盖感知皮肤的人形机器人，能够感知附近的人类，并在发生接触前调整动作。)”可知，该机器人配备感知皮肤，是为了提前做出反应，避免伤到人类。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“Gene.01 can sense and remember the precise force applied by the person in real time. This helps address some persistent problems that video-only learning cannot solve, such as how to tightly hold an object.(Gene.01可以实时感知并记住人施加的精准力度。这有助于解决仅依靠视频学习无法解决的一些难题，例如如何握紧物体。)”可知，作者举例是为了展现这款机器人传感器强大的功能。 3．主旨大意题。根据第四段“Gene.01 is built around what Generative Bionics calls “Physical AI”, the integration of robotics and artificial intelligence where the physical body itself becomes an essential part of the computational system.(Gene.01 基于该公司所称的 “物理人工智能” 打造，将机器人技术与人工智能融合，机器人本体成为计算系统的核心部分。)”可知，第四段主要介绍Gene.01 的设计理念。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Rather than a single finished product, Gene.01 is a basic platform that can be customized for different jobs. Customers can change its AI, outer design, or even refit its hands or feet depending on the task.(Gene.01并非单一成品，而是可针对不同工作定制的基础平台。客户可以根据任务更换人工智能、外观设计，甚至改装手脚。)”可知，Gene.01用途多样，便于用户调整使用。 B Zhang Hongjun once spent his days on noisy construction sites in Shanghai, far from his rural hometown in Fujian Province. For over a decade, his life followed a common path: long hours of labor, low pay, and the loneliness of being a migrant worker in a vast city. He dreamed of a change but saw few opportunities back home. A visit became a turning point. Staying in his village, Zhang noticed something new. The roads were paved, internet access had reached the village and the local government was offering support to those willing to start businesses. The beautiful mountains and fresh air, once taken for granted, now seemed full of potential to him. An idea began to form: what if he could build a future here, not just make a living there? Using his savings and a small government allowance, Zhang took a daring step. He transformed his family’s old, empty house into a modern café, a place where city visitors could enjoy coffee while viewing the terraced fields (梯田). At first, neighbors were puzzled. “Who will come to the mountains for coffee?” they asked. Zhang persisted, learning about coffee beans and coffee-making skills online. Today, “Mountain Cloud Café” is more than a coffee shop. It’s a window for his village. Tourists come on weekends, and in his café they discover and buy local specialties like mountain tea and dried fruits. Zhang has hired two local women, providing them with steady income. More importantly, his success has sparked a conversation. A few other young people, who once thought leaving was the only option, are now asking, “Could I come back too?” “My dream isn’t huge,” Zhang says, looking at the lively scene outside. “I just want our home to prosper, so that our children love to stay here.” His journey paints a picture of modern rural China. 5．How was Zhang Hongjun’s life as a migrant worker? A．Secure. B．Tough. C．Promising. D．Fulfilling. 6．What made Zhang decide to start business in his village? A．His interest in making coffee for tourists. B．His neighbors’ encouragement and support. C．The success of other young people who had returned. D．The improved conditions and local government support. 7．What can we learn about Mountain Cloud Café? A．It mainly serves local villagers. B．It helps promote local products. C．It was immediately welcomed by neighbors. D．It was built with a large bank loan. 8．What is the text mainly about? A．A rural café changes a migrant worker’s life. B．A rural village becomes a popular tourist spot. C．A returning worker boosts hometown development. D．A local government helps people start new businesses. 【答案】5．B 6．D 7．B 8．C 【解析】文章主要讲述农民工张洪军返乡开办咖啡馆，带动家乡发展的故事。 5．细节理解题。根据第一段中“For over a decade, his life followed a common path: long hours of labor, low pay, and the loneliness of being a migrant worker in a vast city. (十多年来，他的生活遵循着一条常见的轨迹：漫长的劳动时间、微薄的工资，以及在大城市里作为外来务工人员的孤独。)”可知，张洪军作为农民工的生活是漫长劳作、低薪且孤独的，即艰难的。 6．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The roads were paved, internet access had reached the village and the local government was offering support to those willing to start businesses. (道路铺好了，互联网也通到了村里，当地政府还向那些愿意创业的人提供支持。)”可知，乡村条件改善以及当地政府的扶持，让他决定回乡创业。 7．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Tourists come on weekends, and in his café they discover and buy local specialties like mountain tea and dried fruits. (游客们周末前来，在他的咖啡馆里发现并购买当地特产，比如山茶和干果。)”可知，这家咖啡馆帮助推广当地特产。 8．主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第四段中“More importantly, his success has sparked a conversation. A few other young people, who once thought leaving was the only option, are now asking, “Could I come back too?” (更重要的是，他的成功引发了一场讨论。其他一些曾经认为离开是唯一选择的年轻人，现在也在问：“我也能回来吗？”)”可知，文章讲述外出务工的张洪军返乡开办咖啡馆，带动家乡发展的故事。 C In October 2025, Oklahoma’s elected officials gathered to break ground on a new Tulsa City-County Library branch (分馆) in the city of Owasso. The new Eddy Gibbs Library will be twice as big as the original branch, adding more study spaces, more room for kids to play, and a drive-up service window. It will also have 119 new parking spots, a courtyard, an outdoor kitchen, and a pickleball court. The library is unusual. That’s because, for the first time in state history, housing units will be built directly above a public library. The library will be at the heart of the city’s Redbud District. After the original library was built in 1989, Owasso’s population grew significantly. “The city of Owasso already has one of the busiest libraries in our system,” Tulsa City-County Library CEO Kimberly Johnson told News On 6, adding that the branch has more than 8,000 monthly visitors. The new multi-use building is projected to be completed and open to the public in early 2027. The project is part of the Tulsa City-County Library’s “My Library, OUR Future” campaign to replace four of its most heavily used branches. “These four branches have shown a severe need for replacement due to outdated infrastructure (基础设施) and technology, size limitations for current usage, and parking limitations,” reads a statement on the campaign’s website. The library will be on the first level, topped by three floors of apartment units. For the community’s safety, there will be separate entries for library readers and residents. Across the US and Canada, more than 20 libraries have been integrated into apartment complexes. Redesigning aging public libraries helps cities grapple with two major challenges at once: housing shortages and outdated public infrastructure. According to the Urban Institute, at least 23 combined library-housing developments have been completed since 2000, creating nearly 1,850 apartments, many of them affordable housing units. In 2019, the Chicago Public Library system partnered with the local housing authority to develop a seven-storey multi-use building, adding 73 affordable housing units above its service floor through publicly owned land and the Low-Income Housing Tax Credit program. Combining world-class libraries and housing creates strong neighborhoods and a space for all residents to gather, share and thrive. 9．Why is the new Eddy Gibbs Library special? A．It has a drive-up service window. B．It will have housing units above it. C．It is twice as large as the original. D．It is the first library in Oklahoma. 10．Why do the four branches need replacement? A．They lack modern technology and book resources. B．They need apartment space on the upper floors. C．They can’t satisfy present practical demands. D．They have safety problems with their entries. 11．What does the underlined phrase “grapple with” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Tackle. B．Undertake. C．Survive. D．Accept. 12．What is the author’s attitude towards the project? A．Doubtful. B．Indifferent. C．Critical. D．Supportive. 【答案】9．B 10．C 11．A 12．D 【解析】本文主要介绍了美国俄克拉荷马州将新建的埃迪·吉布斯图书馆分馆项目。 9．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The library is unusual. That’s because, for the first time in state history, housing units will be built directly above a public library.(这个图书馆很不寻常。这是因为，在该州历史上，首次将住宅单元直接建在公共图书馆的上方)”可知，新的Eddy Gibbs图书馆之所以特别，是因为它的上方将建有住宅单元。 10．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“These four branches have shown a severe need for replacement due to outdated infrastructure and technology, size limitations for current usage, and parking limitations(这四个分支机构由于基础设施和技术过时、现有使用空间不足以及停车资源有限，已表现出迫切的更换需求)”可知，旧图书馆在设施、空间和停车方面已经无法满足当下的实际使用需求。 11．词义猜测题。根据第四段画线词所在句“Redesigning aging public libraries helps cities grapple with two major challenges at once: housing shortages and outdated public infrastructure.(重新设计老化的公共图书馆有助于城市同时______两大挑战：住房短缺和过时的公共基础设施)”结合语境可知，这种做法是为了“应对、解决”这两大挑战。Tackle意为“处理，解决”，符合句意。 12．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Combining world-class libraries and housing creates strong neighborhoods and a space for all residents to gather, share and thrive.(将世界级的图书馆与住房相结合，可以创造强大的社区，并为所有居民提供一个聚集、分享和繁荣的空间)”可知，作者认为该项目能为社区和居民带来诸多积极影响，因此对其持支持（Supportive）态度。 D The only way that I would ever naturally attract a cat is if I were covered in fish paste. My daughter, however, is a cat magnet. She only has to step outside, and cats often follow her down the street. It seems that some people are more likely to be approached by cats, but is it because of the people, the cats, or both? In contrast to their famously standoffish (冷淡的) reputation, many cats really do choose to be around people. In a study of 50 cats living in homes and shelters, the majority of cats chose human company over food and toys. Cats have a strong sense of smell. They can tell the difference between the smell of their owners and that of unfamiliar people. Besides, they can pick up on scents (气味) that are related to human emotions. In another study, researchers presented cats with swabs (拭子) of sweat that came from people when they were feeling happy, frightened, stressed or neutral. Facing the fearful scent, the cats were more likely to flatten their ears, move their tails, tense up and back away. So, would a cat willingly approach a person who is frightened? The evidence suggests no. The way people behave also matters. In another study, researchers monitored what happened when 119 people were allowed to interact with cats in a re-homing shelter. Basically, the scientists filmed and watched a lot of cat videos and found that people who were more nervous often tried to control the cats instead of paying attention to their signals. Cats, however, seem to prefer people, like my daughter, who respect their needs and give them space. Of course, not all cats are created equal. They have personality differences too, and this also influences how they behave around people. So, being a cat magnet is a skill you can learn, and treat cats with respect. 13．What does the author intend to do in paragraph 1? A．Analyse reasons. B．Introduce the topic. C．Make a comparison. D．Give some examples. 14．What does the study in paragraph 3 show about people feeling frightened? A．Their voice may frighten cats easily. B．Their actions may draw cats’ attention. C．Their smell may affect cats’ behavior. D．Their feelings may change cats’ habits. 15．What can be known about cat magnets? A．They are interested in controlling cats. B．They usually watch a lot of cat videos. C．They may be more aware of cats’ needs. D．They are likely to go to animal shelters regularly. 16．What does the text indicate about human-cat relationships? A．They are shaped by both sides. B．They are critical to human health. C．They are subject to human efforts. D．They are decided by a cat’s personality. 【答案】13．B 14．C 15．C 16．A 【解析】本文探讨了为何有些人更吸引猫——这与人的气味、情绪、行为方式以及猫自身性格都有关，说明人猫关系是双方共同塑造的，且尊重猫的需求能成为“猫磁铁”。 13．推理判断题。根据第一段“My daughter, however, is a cat magnet. She only has to step outside, and cats often follow her down the street. It seems that some people are more likely to be approached by cats, but is it because of the people, the cats, or both? (然而我女儿是“猫磁铁”。她只需走到外面，猫就经常跟着她在街上走。似乎有些人更容易被猫接近，但这是因为人、猫，还是两者都有呢？)”可知，第一段通过自身经历和疑问引出下文关于“为什么有些人更吸引猫”的话题。 14．细节理解题。根据第三段“Besides, they can pick up on scents (气味) that are related to human emotions. In another study, researchers presented cats with swabs (拭子) of sweat that came from people when they were feeling happy, frightened, stressed or neutral. Facing the fearful scent, the cats were more likely to flatten their ears, move their tails, tense up and back away. (此外，它们能察觉与人类情绪相关的气味。在另一项研究中，研究人员给猫呈现了人们在感到开心、害怕、紧张或平静时的汗液拭子。面对恐惧的气味，猫更可能压平耳朵、摆动尾巴、紧绷身体并后退)”可知，该研究表明人害怕时的气味会影响猫的行为。 15．推理判断题。根据第四段“Cats, however, seem to prefer people, like my daughter, who respect their needs and give them space.(然而猫似乎更喜欢像我女儿那样尊重它们的需求、给它们空间的人)”以及最后一段“So, being a cat magnet is a skill you can learn, and treat cats with respect. (所以，成为“猫磁铁”是一种可学习的技能，尊重猫)”可知，猫磁铁更能意识到猫的需求。 16．推理判断题。根据第一段“It seems that some people are more likely to be approached by cats, but is it because of the people, the cats, or both? (似乎有些人更容易被猫接近，但这是因为人、猫，还是两者都有呢？)”引出话题、第三段“Cats have a strong sense of smell. They can tell the difference between the smell of their owners and that of unfamiliar people. Besides, they can pick up on scents (气味) that are related to human emotions.(猫有很强的嗅觉。它们能分辨出主人和陌生人的气味。此外，它们还能嗅到与人类情绪有关的气味)”讲人的气味和情绪对猫的影响、第四段“The way people behave also matters.(人们的行为方式也很重要)”讲人的行为方式对猫的影响，以及第五段“Of course, not all cats are created equal. They have personality differences too, and this also influences how they behave around people.(当然，并非所有猫生来都一样。它们也有性格差异，这也影响它们在人周围的行为)”可知，人与猫的关系是双方共同塑造的。 二、完形填空 One of the most useful things I’ve learned is how to do nothing. In my family, being still wasn’t 17 . My father was a workaholic with three jobs and a perfectionist. Everything he did had to be done just right. There was no room for error in anything, a philosophy that 18   to his daughters as well. I absorbed the message that doing nothing wasn’t allowed and that everything had to be the best to gain his 19 . This thought 20 me into marriage: I struggled to be the wife, mother, and homemaker until 21 forced me to seek help. That’s when I discovered yoga . It became part of my life and I could fit it in around my other duties. With the help of books and videos, I 22 myself the poses and learned intentional breathing, the foundation of yoga. Then came the 23 , which was not what I expected. At first, guilt 24 of me when I was doing yoga, for I could hear my father blaming me for being 25 and I had to shake off my 26 about doing nothing. But I gradually realized this “useless” stillness was valuable for me and kept me 27 when the world was pushing me in opposite directions. 28 have passed since I began my breathing practice. My daughter is an adult now, with children of her own. Each morning I still find time to sit quietly and watch my 29 . Doing nothing helps me enjoy the daily life and focus on what 30 . I’ve come to understand that sometimes, the most 31 thing we can do is slow down and listen to the quiet within. 17．A．rewarded B．valued C．proved D．ignored 18．A．applied B．belonged C．adapted D．related 19．A．agreement B．wealth C．praise D．sympathy 20．A．followed B．encouraged C．instructed D．urged 21．A．wipeout B．burnout C．outbreak D．outlet 22．A．advised B．showed C．told D．taught 23．A．stillness B．stress C．accident D．relief 24．A．took care B．took advantage C．took hold D．took notice 25．A．disordered B．inactive C．irresponsible D．misguided 26．A．shame B．fear C．regret D．disappointment 27．A．confused B．excited C．balanced D．tired 28．A．Months B．Centuries C．Weeks D．Decades 29．A．breath B．hands C．feet D．clothes 30．A．happens B．matters C．changes D．means 31．A．perfect B．demanding C．productive D．challenging 【答案】 17．B 18．A 19．C 20．A 21．B 22．D 23．A 24．C 25．B 26．A 27．C 28．D 29．A 30．B 31．C 【解析】文章主要讲述了作者受家庭环境影响追求完美，因过度劳累接触瑜伽后，领悟到“无所事事”的价值与内心宁静的重要性。 17．考查动词。句意：在我的家庭里，一动不动是不被重视的。A. rewarded奖励、奖赏；B. valued重视、珍视；C. proved证明、证实；D. ignored忽视、忽略。后文“My father was a workaholic with three jobs and a perfectionist. Everything he did had to be done just right.”提到父亲是工作狂、完美主义者，不允许“无所事事”，可见“安静待着” 在家庭中不被重视。 18．考查动词。句意：任何事情都不容犯错，这一理念也适用于他的女儿们。A. applied应用；B. belonged属于；C. adapted适应；D. related使有联系。根据下文“I absorbed the message that doing nothing wasn’t allowed”可知，父亲的这种人生哲学，同样适用于他的女儿们。 19．考查名词。句意：我接受了这样的信息：无所事事是不允许的，每件事都必须做到最好，才能得到他的赞扬。A. agreement同意、一致；B. wealth财富、财产；C. praise赞扬、称赞；D. sympathy同情、怜悯。根据上文“In my family, being still wasn’t ______.”可知，作者从小接收到的信息是不能无所事事，凡事要做到最好，其目的是获得父亲的赞扬。 20．考查动词。句意：这种想法一直伴随着我进入婚姻：我努力成为一个完美的妻子、母亲和家庭主妇，直到精疲力竭迫使我寻求帮助。A. followed跟随、伴随；B. encouraged鼓励、激励；C. instructed指导、指示；D. urged催促、力劝。根据下文“I struggled to be the wife, mother, and homemaker until ______ forced me to seek help.”可知，这种追求完美、不能无所事事的想法一直伴随作者进入婚姻。 21．考查名词。句意：同上。A. wipeout跌倒；B. burnout过度劳累、精力耗尽；C. outbreak爆发、突发；D. outlet出口、发泄方式。根据上文“I struggled to be the wife, mother, and homemaker ”可知，作者一直努力做完美妻子、母亲和家庭主妇；再根据空后“forced me to seek help”可推测，作者最终因为身心俱疲而被迫寻求帮助。 22．考查动词。句意：在书籍和视频的帮助下，我自学了这些姿势，并学会了有意识的呼吸，这是瑜伽的基础。A. advised建议、劝告；B. showed展示、表明；C. told告诉、告知；D. taught教、教导。根据上文“With the help of books and videos”可推测，作者通过书籍和视频学会了这些姿势。 23．考查名词。句意：然后是宁静，这是我没有预料到的。A. stillness静止；B. stress压力、紧张；C. accident意外、事故；D. relief缓解、宽慰。根据下文“this “useless” stillness was valuable for me”可推测，空处指的是瑜伽所带来的宁静。 24．考查动词短语。句意：起初，做瑜伽时我感到内疚，因为我能听到父亲责备我不活跃，于是不得不摆脱自己无所事事的羞耻感。A. took care照顾；B. took advantage利用；C. took hold占据，控制；D. took notice注意到。根据下文“for I could hear my father blaming me”可知，起初做瑜伽时作者听到父亲指责自己懒散懈怠，故感到内疚，take hold of主语为抽象情绪、感受时，表示“（情绪）控制住某人”。 25．考查形容词。句意：同上。A. disordered无序的、混乱的；B. inactive不活跃的、懒散的；C. irresponsible不负责任的；D. misguided被误导的、误入歧途的。根据上文“In my family, being still wasn’t ______.”可知，作者父亲的价值观是不能无所事事，因此会指责作者做瑜伽时懒散、不活跃。 26．考查名词。句意：同上。A. shame羞愧、羞耻；B. fear恐惧、害怕；C. regret后悔、遗憾；D. disappointment失望、沮丧。根据上文内容可知，作者受父亲观念影响，认为无所事事是不对的，因此需要摆脱这种羞愧感。 27．考查形容词。句意：但我逐渐意识到这种“无用”的沉静对我来说是有价值的，当世界把我推向相反的方向时，它让我保持平衡。A. confused困惑的、迷茫的；B. excited兴奋的、激动的；C. balanced平衡的、均衡的；D. tired疲惫的、厌倦的。根据空后“when the world was pushing me in opposite directions.”可知，作者逐渐意识到，这种无用的沉静对自己很有价值，能在世界推着自己前行时让她保持平衡。 28．考查名词。句意：自从我开始练习呼吸，几十年过去了。A. Months月份；B. Centuries世纪；C. Weeks周、星期；D. Decades十年、数十年。根据下文“My daughter is an adult now, with children of her own.”可知，从开始练习呼吸至今已过去数十年。 29．考查名词。句意：每天早上我仍然会找时间静静地坐着，专注于自己的呼吸。A. breath呼吸、气息；B. hands手；C. feet脚；D. clothes衣服、衣物。根据上文“With the help of books and videos, I ______ myself the poses and learned intentional breathing, the foundation of yoga.”可知，作者学习瑜伽的有意识呼吸，因此每天早上仍会静坐观察自己的呼吸。 30．考查动词。句意：无所事事帮助我享受日常生活，专注于重要的事情。A. happens发生；B. matters重要，要紧；C. changes改变；D. means意味着。根据上文“Doing nothing helps me enjoy the daily life”可知，无所事事帮助作者享受日常生活，专注于重要的事。 31．考查形容词。句意：我开始明白，有时候，我们能做的最有成效的事情就是慢下来，倾听内心的安静。A. perfect完美的；B. demanding苛刻的，要求高的；C. productive有成效的；D. challenging有挑战性的。根据上文“Doing nothing helps me enjoy the daily life and focus on what ______.”可知，作者认为无所事事能让自己专注于重要的事情。由此推测，作者认为慢下来，倾听内心的安静是最有成效的事情。 三、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese idioms represent one of the priceless cultural legacies (遗产) 32 (hand) down from ancient traditions, enriching the language with greater power, depth and appeal. “Ji si guang yi”, or pooling collective wisdom, is one such well-known idiom. It captures 33 truly matters in the process of decision-makers weighing important choices: one ought to seek other’s advice before taking serious actions. This time-honoured principle gained wide 34 (recognize) largely through Zhuge Liang, 35 well-known military strategist during the Three Kingdoms Period (220-280). In his work “Instructions to Subjects and Officials”, he wrote, “If one holding public office 36 (pool) people’s ideas and widely drew on all well-intended and useful views, better-informed decisions would follow.” So far, the expression 37 (evolve) into an effective way to improve working efficiency and show respect for the opinions of the masses. Perspectives gathered from different people equip decision-makers 38 a more comprehensive grasp of the current situation and help them make correct decisions. Listening 39 (humble) to others’ opinions, particularly those 40 differ from one’s own, can help one decide more wisely and benefit from collective wisdom. Now the method is adopted by the Chinese people in their decision-making in daily life 41 (secure) success. 【答案】 32．handed 33．what 34．recognition 35．a 36．pooled 37．has evolved 38．with 39．humbly 40．that/which 41．to secure 【解析】主要介绍成语集思广益的含义、出处以及它在当今社会决策中的价值与作用。 32．考查非谓语动词。句意：成语是从古传承下来的无价文化遗产之一，使语言更有力量、深度与感染力。此处为非谓语动词作后置定语，hand与cultural legacies之间是被动关系，表示“被传承”，所以用过去分词handed。 33．考查宾语从句。句意：它道出了决策者权衡重大选择过程中真正重要的东西：人在采取重大行动前应当听取他人意见。此处连接词引导宾语从句作captures的宾语，从句缺少主语，指事物，所以用连接词what。 34．考查名词。句意：这一由来已久的准则获得广泛认可，很大程度上得益于三国时期一位著名的军事家诸葛亮。形容词wide后面需要接名词，动词recognize的名词形式为recognition。 35．考查冠词。句意：这一由来已久的准则获得广泛认可，很大程度上得益于三国时期一位著名的军事家诸葛亮。strategist为可数名词单数，空前无限定词，所以此处使用冠词，结合句意，此处表示“一位著名的军事家”，为泛指意义，且well-known是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词a。 36．考查动词时态。句意：身居公职之人如果集众人想法，广泛吸纳所有善意且有用的意见，就会做出更周全的决策。此处为if引导的虚拟条件句谓语，主句为would follow，是对现在的虚拟，从句谓语动词用一般过去时，所以此处为pooled。 37．考查动词时态。句意：到目前为止，这个表达已经演变成提升工作效率、尊重群众意见的有效方式。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语So far可知，要用现在完成时，结构为have/has +过去分词，主语the expression是第三人称单数，助动词用has。 38．考查介词。句意：收集来自不同人的观点，使决策者更全面地掌握现状，帮助他们做出正确决定。此处为固定搭配equip sb. with sth.，意为“使某人具备某物”，所以此处为介词with。 39．考查副词。句意：虚心听取他人意见，尤其是那些和自己不同的意见，能帮助人更明智地抉择，从集体智慧中获益。此处修饰非谓语动词Listening，修饰动词需要使用副词，形容词humble的副词形式为humbly。 40．考查定语从句。句意：虚心听取他人意见，尤其是那些和自己不同的意见，能帮助人更明智地抉择，从集体智慧中获益。此处为限制性定语从句，先行词是those，指代opinions，从句缺少主语，所以用关系代词that/which。 41．考查非谓语动词。句意：如今中国人在日常生活的决策中采用这一方法来获取成功。此处为非谓语动词作状语，表示采用该方法的目的，所以用动词不定式形式to secure作目的状语。 四、应用文写作 假设你是李华，你所在的学校将举办“Making a Difference”主题公益活动周，请你给校英文报写一篇倡议书，号召同学们积极参与。内容包括： 1.活动目的 2.活动内容：社区志愿服务、环保宣传、关爱老人等 3.呼吁大家行动起来 要求： 1.词数:80-100词 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 范文一： Dear schoolmates, Our school will hold a “Making a Difference” Public Welfare Week to encourage us to care about social issues and practice public spirit. We can participate in various activities, such as community volunteer services, environmental protection promotion, and caring for the elderly. We can spare our time to help those in need and pass on warmth around us. These small actions can bring great changes to the world. Let’s take action now and use our hands and hearts to make the world a better place! Li Hua 范文二： Dear fellow students, Our school will hold the “Making a Difference” voluntary activity week which aims to develop our sense of responsibility and spread kindness around us. To begin with, we can take part in community voluntary work. Besides, we will give speeches to publicize environmental protection. Last but not least, we are going to visit the elderly in nursing homes. We can chat with them, help do housework and listen to their stories. Small efforts can make a big difference. Let’s take action and devote ourselves to the public welfare! Li Hua 【解析】本篇书面要求考生以李华的名义给校英文报写一篇倡议书，号召同学们积极参与学校举办的“Making a Difference”主题公益活动周，介绍该活动的活动目的及活动内容并呼吁大家行动起来。 1. 词汇积累 举办：hold → launch 旨在：aim to → be designed to 责任：responsibility → obligation 传播：spread → disseminate 2. 句式拓展 合并句子 原句：Last but not least, we are going to visit the elderly in nursing homes. We can chat with them, help do housework and listen to their stories. 拓展句：Last but not least, we are going to visit the elderly in nursing homes, where we can chat with them, help do housework and listen to their stories. 【高分句型1】Our school will hold the “Making a Difference” voluntary activity week which aims to develop our sense of responsibility and spread kindness around us. (运用了which引导的定语从句) 【高分句型2】Besides, we will give speeches to publicize environmental protection. (运用了动词不定式to publicize作目的状语) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $