学考专题11 状语从句：知识盘点+核心精讲+进阶训练（讲义，浙江专用）2027年高中英语学业水平考试合格考总复习

专题11 状语从句 【析】学考考查要点|【汇】知识清单盘点|【研】核心专题精讲|【练】巩固提升训练 —— 目 录 —— 析|学考考查要点 汇|知识清单盘点 研|核心专题精讲 知识点一 状语从句的类型 知识点二 状语从句引导词的用法 练|巩固提升训练 一、考点概览 （一）核心概念定义 【定义】状语从句（Adverbial Clause）是在复合句中充当状语、修饰主句中的动词、形容词、副词或整个主句的从句，用来表示时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式或比较等关系。它由从属连词引导：位于句首时，其后通常用逗号与主句隔开；位于句末时，一般不用逗号。 【结构】一个完整的状语从句 = 从属连词 + 主谓完整的句子。解题时先找从属连词，再看其后是否有“主语 + 谓语”：结构完整，则为状语从句；若缺少主语或宾语，则为名词性从句或定语从句。 （二）分类总览 表1 状语从句九大类型总览 类型 常见引导词 核心考点 高考热度 时间 when, while, as, before, after, since, until/till, as soon as, the moment, hardly...when, no sooner...than 时态呼应（主将从现）；引导词辨析；not...until ★★★★★ 地点 where, wherever 与定语从句的区分 ★★ 原因 because, since, as, now that 语气强弱；不与 so 连用 ★★★★ 条件 if, unless, once, as long as, on condition that, in case 主将从现；unless = if...not ★★★★★ 目的 so that, in order that, lest, for fear that, in case 从句常含情态动词 ★★★ 结果 so...that, such...that, so that so/such 搭配 ★★★★ 让步 although/though, even if/even though, while, as, whether...or, no matter+wh-, wh-+ever 不与 but 连用；as 倒装 ★★★★★ 方式 as, as if/as though as if 虚拟语气 ★★★ 比较 than, as...as, not so...as, the+比较级, the+比较级 省略结构 ★★★ 图1 状语从句分类体系图 二、用法简析 （一）时间状语从句 表2 时间状语从句常见引导词分类 表示意义 常用引导词 当……时候 when, while, as 在……之前 / 之后 before, after 自从 since 直到 until, till 一……就…… as soon as, the moment, the minute, the instant, immediately, hardly...when, no sooner...than 每次 / 下次 / 第一次 every time, each time, next time, the first time 规则1（when/while/as）：when 可与短暂性动词和延续性动词连用，从句动作可先于、同时或后于主句动作；while 后只接延续性动词，强调“在……期间”，还可表示对比“而”；as 强调两个动作同时发生，常译“一边……一边……”“随着”。 规则2（before）：before 除译“在……之前”外，常可意译“还没来得及……就……”。句型 It was + 一段时间 + before... 意为“过了多久才……”。 规则3（since）：since 从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时或一般现在时。句型 It is/has been + 一段时间 + since... 意为“自从……已经多久了”。 规则4（until/till）：主句谓语为延续性动词且用肯定式时，意为“直到……为止”；主句谓语为非延续性动词时须用 not...until，意为“直到……才……”。Not until 置于句首时，主句须部分倒装。 规则5（一……就……）：as soon as, the moment, the minute, the instant, immediately 以及 hardly/scarcely...when..., no sooner...than... 均可表示“一……就……”。后两组的主句用过去完成时，hardly/no sooner 提前时主句倒装。 规则6（主将从现）：时间状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时；若强调“将来某时前已完成”，从句可用现在完成时。例：I will tell him the news as soon as he comes back. 【例句】 ① When I arrived at the station, the train had already left. 当我到达车站时，火车已经开走了。 ② While I was reading, he was watching TV. 我在读书时，他在看电视。 ③ As time went by, we became close friends. 随着时间流逝，我们成了亲密的朋友。 ④ It was not until midnight that he finished his homework. 直到午夜他才完成作业。（强调句） ⑤ Hardly had I got home when it began to rain. 我一到家就开始下雨了。 【考点提示】 ① when 从句动作与主句的先后关系；② while 表对比“而”；③ not...until 的倒装与强调；④ hardly...when / no sooner...than 的时态与倒装。 （二）地点状语从句 【定义与引导词】地点状语从句修饰主句中的谓语动词，表示动作发生的地点。where 相当于 at/in the place where；wherever 相当于 at any place where。 【与定语从句的区分】引导词前有被修饰的名词（先行词）时，是定语从句；引导词前无先行词、直接修饰谓语时，是地点状语从句。 【例句】 ① You can sit wherever you like. 你想坐哪儿就坐哪儿。 ② Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者，事竟成。 【考点提示】语法填空中判断 where 引导的是地点状语从句还是定语从句，关键看有无先行词。 （三）原因状语从句 【定义与引导词】because 语气最强，表示直接原因，可回答 why，可放句首或句末；since 表示“既然”，多指双方已知的原因，常放句首；as 语气最弱，表示“由于”，常放句首；now that 表示“既然、由于”，带有时间意味。 【易错】because 是从属连词，so 是并列连词，二者不能同时使用。for 虽可表原因，但是并列连词，只能放主句之后，表示推测性的补充说明。 【例句】 ① He didn't come to school because he was ill. 他没来上学，因为他生病了。 ② Since everyone is here, let's begin the meeting. 既然大家都到了，我们开会吧。 ③ Now that you have grown up, you should be independent. 既然你已长大，就应当独立。 【考点提示】because/since/as 的语气与位置；because of 后接名词短语，不能接从句。 （四）条件状语从句 【引导词】if 表“如果”；unless = if...not，意为“除非”，引导的从句通常用肯定式；as long as/so long as 意为“只要”；on condition that 意为“条件是”；provided (that) 意为“假如”（较正式）；in case 意为“万一、以防”。 规则1（主将从现）：主句用一般将来时或祈使句，条件从句用一般现在时。例：If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home. 规则2（祈使句转化）：句型“祈使句 + and/or + 陈述句”可改写为 if 条件句。例：Work hard, and you will succeed. = If you work hard, you will succeed. 规则3（in case）：in case 引导的从句可用一般现在时，也可用 should + 动词原形。 【例句】 ① We'll go for a picnic unless it rains tomorrow. 除非明天下雨，否则我们就去野餐。 ② As long as you keep practicing, you will make progress. 只要你坚持练习，就会进步。 ③ Provided that you apologize, he will forgive you. 假如你道歉，他会原谅你的。 【考点提示】unless 与 if...not 的互换；主将从现；provided that 的书面语色彩。 （五）目的状语从句 规则1（so that / in order that）：so that / in order that 意为“以便、为了”，从句中常含情态动词 can/could/may/might/should；in order that 可放在句首，so that 不能。 规则2（lest / for fear that / in case）：lest / for fear that 意为“以免”，从句用 should + 动词原形（should 可省略）；in case 意为“以防”，从句可用一般现在时。 【例句】 ① Speak louder so that everyone can hear you. 大声点说，以便大家都能听见。 ② He got up early in order that he could catch the first bus. 他早起，为的是能赶上头班车。 ③ Take an umbrella in case it rains. 带把伞，以防下雨。 【考点提示】目的从句与结果从句的区分：目的从句含情态动词、可放句首；结果从句一般不用情态动词、不放句首。 （六）结果状语从句 规则1（so...that / such...that）：so + 形容词/副词 + that；so + many/much/few/little + 名词 + that；such + a/an + 形容词 + 单数可数名词 + that；such + 形容词 + 复数名词/不可数名词 + that。 规则2（结构互换）：so...that 可改写为 so + 形容词 + a/an + 单数名词 + that；so that 单独引导结果从句时，前面常有逗号，从句中一般不含情态动词。 【例句】 ① The box is so heavy that nobody can lift it. 箱子太重，没人搬得动。 ② He made such rapid progress that his teacher praised him. 他进步如此之快，老师表扬了他。 ③ There were so many people that we couldn't get in. 人太多了，我们进不去。 【考点提示】so/such 的搭配是语法填空高频考点；so + adj + a(n) + n. 与 such + a(n) + adj + n. 可互换。 （七）让步状语从句 规则1（though/although）：though/although 不与 but 连用，但可与 yet/still 连用；although 比 though 正式，多放句首。 规则2（even if / while）：even if/even though 意为“即使”，从句内容既可以是事实，也可以是假设；while 放句首时意为“尽管”。 规则3（as 倒装）：as 引导让步状语从句时必须倒装：将表语、状语或动词原形提前；表语为名词时省略冠词。though 也可这样倒装，although 不能。 规则4（whether...or / no matter）：whether...or not 意为“无论是否”；no matter + 疑问词与疑问词 + ever 可互换，但后者还可引导名词性从句，前者不能。 【例句】 ① Although he is old, (yet) he works hard. 虽然年迈，他仍努力工作。 ② Child as he is, he knows a lot about the world. 虽然他只是个孩子，却懂得很多。 ③ No matter what you do, do it well. 无论做什么，都要做好。 ④ Try as he might, he couldn't open the door. 尽管他试了，还是打不开门。 【考点提示】as 倒装是单选高频考点；though/although 不与 but 连用；no matter + 疑问词与疑问词 + ever 的互换。 （八）方式状语从句 规则1（as）：as 意为“按照、如同”，表示行为方式。例：Do as I say. 照我说的做。 规则2（as if / as though）：as if/as though 意为“好像”：若所述情况与事实相反，从句用虚拟语气——与现在事实相反用一般过去时（be 用 were）；与过去事实相反用过去完成时；若所述情况可能属实，也可用陈述语气。 【例句】 ① He talks as if he knew everything. 他说起话来好像什么都懂。（与现在事实相反） ② She looked as though she had seen a ghost. 她看起来好像见了鬼。（与过去事实相反） 【考点提示】as if 从句虚拟语气的时态选择（were / had done）。 （九）比较状语从句 规则1（than / as...as）：than 与比较级连用，比较从句中常省略与主句相同的部分；as...as 中间用形容词/副词原级，否定用 not so/as...as。 规则2（the+比较级）：the + 比较级..., the + 比较级... 意为“越……，越……”；倍数表达：倍数 + as...as 或 倍数 + 比较级 + than。 【例句佐证】 ① This book is as interesting as that one. 这本书和那本一样有趣。 ② He runs faster than I (do). 他跑得比我快。 ③ The harder you work, the greater progress you will make. 你越努力，进步就越大。 【考点提示】as...as 中间用原级；the + 比较级句型中前后两句的主语可以不同。 ▲易错点速查表 表3 高考状语从句易错点速查表 易错点 错误示例 正确用法 though/although 与 but 连用 Although he was tired, but he kept working. Although he was tired, he kept working.（可接 yet/still） because 与 so 连用 Because it rained, so we stayed home. Because it rained, we stayed home. 主将从现缺失 If it will rain tomorrow, we will stay at home. If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home. as 让步倒装不省冠词 A child as he is, he knows a lot. Child as he is, he knows a lot. so/such 误用 There are such many books that... There are so many books that... until 与短暂动词误配 He left until 8 o'clock. He didn't leave until 8 o'clock. as if 虚拟时态错误 He talks as if he is a professor.（事实上不是） He talks as if he were a professor. no matter+疑问词误用 No matter what you do is right. Whatever you do is right. ▲写作提分句式（6 条模板） 表4 状语从句写作提分句式模板 关系 高级句式模板 示例 时间 The moment / As soon as + 从句, 主句 The moment I entered the school, I was deeply impressed by its beauty. 条件 As long as / Provided that + 从句, 主句 As long as we keep learning, we will keep growing. 让步 No matter how + 形容词/副词 + 主语 + 谓语 No matter how difficult it is, we will never give up. 原因 Now that / Since + 从句, 主句 Now that we are young, we should dream big. 目的 主句 + so that / in order that + 从句 We should protect the environment so that future generations can enjoy it. 结果 so...that / such...that The problem is so difficult that we must work together to solve it. 考点1 主将从现（时间、条件状语从句） 【规律】主句用一般将来时（或祈使句、情态动词），时间/条件状语从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时；若强调“在将来某时之前已完成”，从句可用现在完成时。 【例证】 ① If you don't hurry, you will miss the train. 若不加紧，你会误车。 ② You can keep the book as long as you like. 这本书你想借多久都行。 ③ I'll call you as soon as I finish the work. 我一完成工作就给你打电话。 【易错提醒】when 引导名词性从句或表示“就在这时”时不受主将从现限制：I don't know when he will come.（宾语从句）/ I was about to leave when he came in.（就在这时） 考点2 引导词高频辨析 【三组高频】 ① when 可接短暂性动词也可接延续性动词；while 只接延续性动词并可表“而”；as 强调同时发生或“随着”。 ② because 回答 why 的提问；since 表“既然”；as 表“由于”。 ③ 延续性动词 + until 表“直到……为止”；非延续性动词须用 not...until。 【例证】 It was the middle of the night ______ my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game.（ 答案：when。 考点3 as 引导让步状语从句的倒装 【规律】表语 / 状语 / 动词原形 + as + 主语 + 谓语；表语为名词时省略冠词。 【例证】 ① Hard as he tried, he failed again. 尽管很努力，他还是失败了。 ② Child as he is, he can solve the problem. 尽管是孩子，他能解出这道题。 考点4 not...until 的三种句式 【规律与例证】 ① 正常语序：He didn't leave until 10 o'clock. ② 部分倒装：Not until 10 o'clock did he leave. ③ 强调句型：It was not until 10 o'clock that he left. 倒装时只倒装主句；强调句型中 not until 整体提前。 考点5 固定句型 hardly...when / no sooner...than 【规律】主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时；hardly / no sooner 位于句首时，主句部分倒装。 【例证】 ① Hardly had I got home when the phone rang. 我刚到家电话就响了。 ② No sooner had we arrived than it started to rain. 我们刚到就下起雨来。 考点6 语法填空三步解题法 【三步法】 ① 判结构：空格后是一个主谓完整的句子 → 填从属连词（状语从句）。 ② 析逻辑：根据主从句之间的语义关系判断类型（时间/条件/让步/原因……）。 ③ 定连词：结合固定搭配（so...that、as long as、no matter how、not...until 等）确定具体答案。 一、单句语法填空（在空白处填入适当的从属连词） 1. ______you ride a bicycle, you don't use petrol. 2. On our way to the house, it was raining ______ hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take to get there. 3. The disagreement was ______ sharp that neither he nor I knew how to settle it. 4. It was the middle of the night ______ my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game. 5. ______ we have enough evidence, we can't win the case. 6. The company is not likely to get over the present difficulties ______ it gets more support from the government. 7. You won't know the value of health ______ you lose it. 8. ______ as he is, he has travelled all over the world. 二、语篇语法填空（每空填入一个适当的从属连词） Every year, the Spring Festival brings families together. ___1___ the New Year's Eve comes, every family member is expected to be home. Young people usually arrive ___2___ their parents have prepared a big dinner. ___3___ busy they are, they try to come back home. That is ___4___ Chinese people value family most. ___5___ the big dinner begins, the elders give lucky money to the children. Children are always excited ___6___ they receive the red envelopes. ___7___ the festival lasts only a few days, the warmth it brings lasts the whole year. ___8___ you are far away from home, remember to call your parents during the festival. ___9___ there is love, there is home. The festival reminds us that ___10___ we go, family is always our harbour. 答案与解析： 一、 1.【答案】when。句意“当你骑自行车时，你不需要汽油”。空后是完整主谓结构，从句表时间，主将从现（ride 用一般现在时），故填 when。 2.【答案】so。句意“去房子的路上，雨下得如此之大，以至于我们不禁想知道还要多久才能到”。so + 形容词 + that 引导结果状语从句。 3.【答案】so。句意“分歧如此尖锐，以至于我和他都不知道如何解决”。so + 形容词 + that 结构。 4.【答案】when。句意“正是半夜时分，父亲叫醒我并让我看球赛”。when 引导时间状语从句，表“在……的时候”。 5.【答案】unless。句意“除非我们有足够的证据，否则我们不能赢得这个案子”。unless 引导条件状语从句，相当于 if...not。 6.【答案】unless。句意“除非得到政府更多的支持，否则该公司不太可能克服目前的困难”。前后为否定条件关系。 7.【答案】until/till。句意“直到失去健康，你才会知道它的价值”。主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时，not...until 结构。 8.【答案】Child。句意“尽管他只是个孩子，却已游遍世界”。as 引导让步状语从句须倒装，表语名词提前且省略冠词。 二、 1. When/As（时间状语从句，主将从现） 2. before（在……之前） 3. However（= No matter how，让步） 4. because（原因） 5. Before（在……之前） 6. as soon as / the moment（一……就……） 7. Although/Though（让步） 8. If（条件） 9. Where（地点状语从句，谚语句式） 1 0. wherever / no matter where（让步状语从句） 训练 一、单项选择 1．I know that Chinese is a very difficult language, but I hope to be fluent when I ____. A．graduate B．graduation C．graduates D．graduated 2．I ________ sat down at my desk ________ the phone rang, so I had to stand up again to answer it. A．had hardly; than B．hardly; when C．hardly; than D．had hardly; when 3．By the time they got to the amusement park, the parade ______. A．has begun B．had begun C．begins D．will begin 4．I was organising my words in my head ______ the girl next to me gave me a nudge. A．then B．while C．when D．suddenly 5．He was working in the fields when he ________ something like a UFO flying in the sky. A．sees B．saw C．was seeing D．would see 6．The policeman asked me to stay ________ I stood. A．in which B．when C．at which D．where 7．—Have you found the lost child? —Not yet. But someone reported to have seen him ________ he used to play a lot. A．because B．which C．where D．when 8．Stay ________ you are. I’ll be back in a minute. A．where B．when C．as D．how 9．________ there is life, there is hope. A．When B．Which C．Where D．That 10．You can plant different kinds of flowers ________ there is plenty of sunlight. A．where B．which C．that D．what 11．________ the only way to the mountain has been blocked by snow, we have to wait till it clears up. A．Now that B．Even if C．As soon as D．As long as 12．Although many people see pressure as unpleasant, pressure is sometimes beneficial _________ it pushes people to discover their true potential. A．by which B．to which C．in that D．so that 13．________ sharing economy can make use of resources more conveniently, the approach has become popular in society. A．Unless B．Because C．If D．Although 14．________ the theme of the Expo was to promote cultural exchange and strengthen mutual cooperation between the countries along the Silk Road, Dunhuang was the ideal place. A．Given that B．Even though C．As if D．The moment 15．_______  the Yan’an Revolutionary Memorial Hall has a rich collection of historical records, you can learn a lot about our heroes’ great efforts here. A．In case B．Given that C．For fear of D．As though 16．________ makes the books so important is ________ they appeal to readers of all ages, they create a special literary bond between parents and children. A．As; because B．It; that C．What; that because D．It; because 17．I always get up early ________ I can get to school on time. A．as long as B．because of C．even though D．so that 18．The English teacher advised us to read more English novels, ________ we can improve our vocabulary and learn about different cultures. A．so that B．even though C．as if D．in case 19．Linda takes extra reading classes every weekend ______ she can improve her English quickly. A．so that B．in case C．as though D．even though 20．You’d better take notes ______ you might miss some key points during the lecture. A．so that B．now that C．in case D．as long as 21．Many people choose to work overtime ______ they can earn more money to support their families. A．even if B．in case C．so that D．as though 22．It was ________ a tough game ________ he almost fell apart. A．so; that B．such; that C．so; as D．such; as 23． Tom was so unprepared for his first run ________ he hurt himself and ________ the race halfway. A．that; had to quit B．that; had quit C．which; had to quit D．which; had quit 24．He was ________ to hear the news that he couldn’t say a word. A．too glad B．so glad C．very glad D．glad enough 25．She is ________ a helpful girl ________ all of us want to make friends with her. A．too; to B．enough; to C．so; that D．such; that 26．He shared ________ clear advice ________ we learned a lot from his speech. A．such a; that B．so; that C．such; that 27．You can make progress ________ you stick to regular exercise. A．as soon as B．as long as C．even though D．as though 28．Companies that process data cannot refuse to provide services to users who don’t agree to having their data collected __________ that data is necessary for the provision (提供) of the product or service. A．while B．even C．until D．unless 29．The little boy was allowed to go swimming ________ he kept near the other boys. A．on condition that B．in case C．now that D．by the time 30．Difficulty is temporary. ________ we work together, the obstacles will be overcome and we are sure to have a bright future. A．As long as B．In case C．As though D．Even if 31．No matter ________ difficulties we meet, we must protect our cultural treasure. A．what B．that C．which D．how 32．________ you meet in the coming competition, keep calm and stick to your own plan. A．Wherever B．However C．Whenever D．Whatever 33．_______ our hobbies, the Internet can connect us with others who also enjoy doing them. A．However B．How C．What D．Whatever 34．________ he was very tired, ________ he didn’t stop working. A．Although; but B．Although; / C．Because; so D．Because; / 35．This can ________ curious situations, ________ it did in the case of Alfred Bloggs. A．give in to; as B．give way to; which C．give rise to; as D．give up on; which 36．Only empty cups can hold most water, so learn ________ you knew nothing. A．rather than B．as if C．ever since D．so that 37．Our maths teacher is still talking with a smile on his face, ______ nothing embarrassing has happened. A．even if B．as if C．now that D．so that 38．The ________ you understand history, the ________ you appreciate our language. A．better; more B．more; better C．much; good D．good; much 39．The ________ you study, the ________ progress you will make. A．harder; greater B．more hard; more great C．harder; great D．hard; greater 40．He speaks English more fluently than __________ when he first started learning it at school. A．does he B．he does C．did he D．he did 二、翻译 41．我记得你像他那么大的时候，你曾说你想当职业足球运动员。（汉译英） __________________________________________________ 42．看到数学卷子上的成绩的那一刻，我惊得下巴掉在了地上。（汉译英） ________________________________________________ 43．我一到家就下起了大雨。（Hardly...when...）(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 44．哪里有充足的阳光和雨水，哪里的田地就绿油油的。（汉译英） _______________________________________________________ 45．我由衷地嫉妒他过着舒适而体面的生活。(汉译英) _______________________________________________________ 46．正是因为Lily汉语流利，她才申请成为交换生。（It was... that...）（汉译英） ___________________________________________________________ 47．老师建议我们广泛阅读，因为这不仅可以丰富我们的知识，还可以开阔我们的眼界。(汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________________________. 48．我会找到一个让自己提高球技的方法，这样明年我就能加入球队了。（汉译英） __________________________________________________________________ 49．我们应该提前制定详细计划，以便按时完成任务。（汉译英） __________________________________________________________________________________ 50．我们应当合理规划时间，以便高效学习、充实自己的日常生活。（目的状语从句）（汉译英） _____________________________________________________________ 51．我们每天坚持阅读，是为了拓宽自己的视野。（so that）(汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________________ 52．他对科学痴迷不已，自大学毕业以来一直坚定不移地探索科学前沿。(so…that) __________________________________________________________________ 53．我一直专注于控制聚会，以至于在这段困难时期，我没有考虑到托比对我弟弟有多重要。(汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________ 54．如果你能学会看到自己身上的优点，你很快就会开始爱上本来的自己。（汉译英） ________________________________________________________________ 55．如果你压力大到无法专心学习，你最好做一些运动。（too…to）(汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________ 56．即使自己也经历过多次拒稿，那位作家仍耐心鼓励年轻作者继续写作，真是她的体贴之处。（It is + adj. + of sb to do）（汉译英） ________________________________________________________________ 57．我轻松自信地跑着比赛，尽管自己的极限正受到前所未有的考验。(even though) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 58．他意识到，做正确的事永远重要——无论代价如何。（汉译英） ______________________________________________________________________________ 59．这个决定比看起来要复杂得多。(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________ 60．你京剧听得越多，就越能理解为什么它是一个值得代代相传的国之瑰宝。(the more... the more) （汉译英） __________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案 一、 1．A 【解析】句意：我知道中文是一门非常难学的语言，但我希望毕业时能说得很流利。when引导的时间状语从句中，当主句表示将来的意义时，从句通常使用一般现在时表将来（即“主将从现”原则）。从句主语为“I”，谓语动词应用动词原形graduate。 2．D 【解析】句意：我刚在书桌前坐下，电话就响了，所以我不得不又站起来去接电话。hardly...when...为固定句型，意为“一……就……”，在该句型中，主句通常使用过去完成时，when引导的时间状语从句使用一般过去时。 3．B 【解析】句意：当他们到达游乐园时，游行已经开始了。By the time+一般过去时，主句用过去完成时。到达游乐园是过去动作，游行开始发生在到达游乐园之前，“过去的过去”用had begun。 4．C 【解析】句意：我正在脑子里组织语言，这时我旁边的女孩轻轻推了我一下。根据句意可知，此处是固定句型be doing sth. when...，意为“正在做某事，这时突然……”。 5．B 【解析】句意：他正在田里干活，这时他看到天空中有个类似不明飞行物的东西飞过。本句为be doing…when… 固定句型，when后的分句描述突然发生的短暂动作，要用一般过去时。 6．D 【解析】句意：警察让我待在原地。根据句意可知，本句为where引导的地点状语从句。 7．C 【解析】句意：——你找到那个走失的孩子了吗？——现在还没有。但据说有人在他以前经常玩的地方见过他。根据have seen him...he used to play a lot.可知，指的是看到他在他过去常玩耍的地方，where在此引导地点状语从句，表示“在……的地方”。 8．A 【解析】句意：待在原地。我马上就回来。根据句意Stay…you are可知，此处表示“待在 (你现在的) 地方”，需用表示地点的连词where引导地点状语从句。 9．C 【解析】句意：有生命就有希望。此处为固定句型Where there is…, there is…，意为“哪里有……，哪里就有……”。where引导地点状语从句，表示在存在前者的地方就有后者。 10．A 【解析】考查状语从句。句意：你可以在阳光充足的地方种植各种各样的花卉。本句为包含状语从句的复合句，根据“there is plenty of sunlight(阳光充足的地方)”可知此处表示地点，使用where连接地点状语从句。 11．A 【解析】句意：既然通往山上的唯一道路已被大雪封堵，我们不得不等到天气放晴。A. Now that既然；B. Even if即使；C. As soon as一……就；D. As long as只要。根据the only way to the mountain has been blocked by snow可知，此处在说明原因，因此用Now that引导原因状语从句。 12．C 【解析】句意：虽然很多人认为压力令人不快，但压力有时是有益的，因为它促使人们发掘自己真正的潜能。 A. by which通过这种方式；B. to which对于这点；C. in that因为；D. so that以便，为了。 根据后文“it pushes people to discover their true potential”以及语境可知，这是在解释压力有益的原因，in that可引导原因状语从句，表示“因为”。 13．B 【解析】句意：因为共享经济可以更方便地利用资源，所以这种方法在社会上变得很流行。A. Unless除非；B. Because因为；C. If如果；D. Although尽管。分析句子结构可知，前半句“共享经济可以更方便地利用资源”是后半句“这种方法在社会上变得很流行”的原因，前后为因果关系，需要使用Because引导原因状语从句。 14．A 【解析】句意：鉴于世博会的主题是促进文化交流，加强丝绸之路沿线国家之间的相互合作，敦煌是理想之地。A.Given that鉴于；B.  Even though即使；C. As if好像；D. The moment一……就。前半句“the theme of the Expo was to promote cultural exchange and strengthen mutual cooperation between the countries along the Silk Road”是后半句“Dunhuang was the ideal place”的前提和原因，所以应该用Given that引导原因状语从句。 15．B 【解析】句意：鉴于延安革命纪念馆馆藏丰富的史料，你可以在这里了解到许多英雄们的伟大努力。A. In case以防； B. Given that鉴于，考虑到；C. For fear of唯恐；D. As though好像。“馆藏丰富”是“能学到很多知识”的已知前提和原因，given that意为“鉴于，考虑到”，引导原因状语从句，符合语境。 16．C 【解析】句意：这些书之所以如此重要，是因为它们吸引了各个年龄段的读者，在父母和孩子之间建立了一种特殊的文学纽带。分析句子结构可知，第一空引导主语从句“________ makes the books so important”，且在从句中作主语，指代事物，应用what引导；第二空引导表语从句，从句结构完整，不缺成分，应用that引导，且表语从句中包含一个由because引导的原因状语从句“because they appeal to readers of all ages”。 17．D 【解析】句意：我总是早起，以便我能准时到校。A. as long as只要；B. because of因为（后接名词 / 代词，不接句子）；C. even though即使；D. so that以便，为了。结合语境可知，能准时到校是早起的目的，空格处表达“以便”，用so that引导目的状语从句。 18．A 【解析】句意：英语老师建议我们多读英文小说，以便我们能提高词汇量并了解不同的文化。A. so that以便，为了；B. even though即使，尽管；C. as if好像，似乎；D. in case以防万一。由语意可知，老师建议我们多读英文小说，目的是为了提高词汇量和了解不同文化，前后句之间为目的关系，需用so that引导目的状语从句。 19．A 【解析】句意：琳达每个周末都上额外的阅读课，以便她能快速提高英语水平。A. so that以便，为了；B. in case以防，万一；C. as though好像，仿佛；D. even though虽然，即使。上额外阅读课的目的是为了提高英语水平，用so that引导目的状语从句。 20．C 【解析】句意：你最好做笔记，以防在讲座中错过一些关键点。A. so that以便；B. now that既然；C. in case以防；D. as long as只要。根据前后句逻辑，做笔记是为了防止错过关键点，表示防备。 21．C 【解析】句意：许多人选择加班，以便他们能赚更多的钱来养家。A. even if即使；B. in case以防万一；C. so that以便；D. as though仿佛。空格前句提到“许多人选择加班”，后句提到“他们能赚更多的钱来养家”，前后为目的关系，表示加班的目的是为了赚更多钱。 22．B 【解析】句意：这是一场如此艰难的比赛，以至于他几乎崩溃了。“such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+that…”为固定句型，意为“如此……以至于……”。a tough game为“a+形容词+可数名词单数”结构，故第一空用such，第二空用that。so后接形容词或副词，不接名词短语。 23．A 【解析】句意：汤姆对他的第一次跑步如此缺乏准备，以至于伤到了自己并不得不中途退出比赛。根据“so unprepared for his first run”可知，此处应用so… that…引导结果状语从句，表示“如此……以至于……”，so用于强调形容词unprepared的程度，that引出结果；第二空前的and连接状语从句中并列的谓语，空处的时态应与hurt保持一致，用一般过去时，根据句意表示不得不放弃用had to quit。 24．B 【解析】句意：听到这个消息，他如此高兴，以至于一句话也说不出来。“so+形容词/副词+that…”是固定句型，意为“如此……以至于……”，that后接结果状语从句。 25．D 【解析】句意：她是一个如此乐于助人的女孩，以至于我们所有人都想和她交朋友。这里是such...that...句型，意为“如此……以至于……”。such修饰名词，常见结构为“such+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+that从句”；而so修饰形容词或副词，常见结构为“so+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+that从句”。空后为a helpful girl，是名词短语，故应使用such...that...结构。 26．C 【解析】句意：他分享了如此清晰的建议，以至于我们从他的演讲中学到了很多。A. such a…that如此……以至于；B. so…that如此……以至于；C. such…that如此……以至于。advice为不可数名词，不能用a修饰，排除A；so后接形容词或副词，但句中clear advice是“形容词+不可数名词”结构，应用such修饰。 27．B 【解析】句意：只要你坚持定期锻炼，你就能取得进步。A. as soon as一……就……；B. as long as只要；C. even though即使；D. as though好像。根据make progress以及stick to regular exercise可知，只要坚持定期锻炼就能取得进步，应用as long as引导状语从句。 28．D 【解析】句意：处理数据的公司不能拒绝为不同意收集其数据的用户提供服务，除非这些数据对于产品或服务的提供是必要的。 A. while虽然，当……时；B. even甚至；C. until直到；D. unless除非。 根据后文“that data is necessary for the provision of the product or service”可知，此处表示拒绝提供服务的例外条件，unless符合句意。 29．A 【解析】句意：这个小男孩被允许去游泳，条件是他要和其他男孩待在一起。A. on condition that条件是；B. in case以防；C. now that既然；D. by the time到……的时候。小男孩被允许游泳的前提条件是和其他男孩待在一起，空格处应填入表示条件的连词短语，on condition that符合题意。 30．A 【解析】句意：困难是暂时的。只要我们齐心协力，障碍终将被克服，我们一定会拥有美好的未来。A. As long as只要；B. In case以防；C. As though好像；D. Even if即使。空格处需要填入一个引导条件状语从句的连词，表达“只要满足某个条件，就会产生相应结果”的逻辑，As long as符合题意。 31．A 【解析】句意：无论我们遇到什么困难，我们都必须保护我们的文化瑰宝。no matter what后接名词difficulties，表示“无论什么”；that不能引导该让步结构，which表“哪一个”，how后接形容词 / 副词，均不符合。 32．D 【解析】句意：在即将到来的比赛中，无论你遇到什么，都要保持冷静，坚持自己的计划。A. Wherever无论哪里；B. However无论怎样；C. Whenever无论何时；D. Whatever无论什么。________ you meet in the coming competition是连接词引导的让步状语从句，所填词作meet的宾语；结合keep calm and stick to your own plan可知，要填表示“无论什么”的连词Whatever，在从句中可作宾语，符合题意。 33．D 【解析】句意：无论我们的爱好是什么，互联网都能把我们和同样喜欢做这些事的其他人联系起来。空处引导让步状语从句，后接our hobbies，应使用whatever引导让步状语从句，意为“无论什么”。 34．B 【解析】句意：虽然他很累，但他没有停止工作。Although虽然；but但是；Because因为；so所以。英语中although和but不能同时出现在一个句子中，because和so也不能同时使用。“累”和“不停止工作”是让步转折关系，第一空用Although引导让步状语从句，后面就不能再加but。 35．C 【解析】句意：这会引发一些稀奇的情况，就像阿尔弗雷德・布洛格斯的事例那样。give in to“屈服于”；give way to“让位于”；give rise to“引起，引发”；give up on“放弃”。结合curious situations可知，第一空表达“引发，造成”，用give rise to。第二空引导方式状语从句，表示“正如，就像”，用as引导。 36．B 【解析】句意：只有空杯子才能装最多的水，所以学习时要好像你一无所知一样。A. rather than而不是；B. as if好像；C. ever since从那时起；D. so that以便。根据“Only empty cups can hold most water”可知，此处强调要保持谦虚的空杯心态。结合语境，学习时应保持一种仿佛自己一无所知的状态，as if引导方式状语从句，符合逻辑。 37．B 【解析】考查连词辨析。句意：我们的数学老师还在说话，脸上带着微笑，好像什么尴尬的事都没有发生过。A. even if即使，引导让步状语从句；B. as if似乎，好像，引导方式状语从句；C. now that既然，引导原因状语从句；D. so that以至于，以便，引导结果状语从句或目的状语从句。根据“Our maths teacher is still talking with a smile on his face”可知，as if“似乎，好像”符合语境，引导方式状语从句，表明老师遭遇了尴尬，但表现得若无其事。故选B。 38．B 【解析】句意：你了解历史越多，就越能欣赏我们的语言。“the+比较级...the+比较级...”是固定句式，意为“越……，就越……”，第一空修饰动词understand，使用比较级more，第二空修饰动词appreciate，使用比较级better。 39．A 【解析】句意：你学习越努力，你取得的进步就越大。此处考查“the+比较级...，the+比较级...”固定句型，意为“越……，就越……”。hard的比较级为harder，great的比较级为greater。 40．D 【解析】句意：他现在说英语比他刚在学校开始学英语时说得更流利。than引导比较状语从句，根据时间状语“when he first started learning it at school”可知，从句描述的是过去发生的事情，谓语动词应使用一般过去时；在比较状语从句中，当主语是人称代词时，通常使用正常语序，且用助动词did代替动词spoke以避免重复。 二、 41．I remember when you were his age, you said that you wanted to be a professional football player. 【解析】表示“我”用I，作主语。表示“记得”用remember，主句陈述现在的回忆，用一般现在时。表示“你像他那么大的时候，你曾说你想当职业足球运动员”用宾语从句，从句不缺少成分或含义，用that引导，也可省略that。从句中：表示“当你像他那么大时”用when引导时间状语从句，描述过去的时间，从句用一般过去时，从句用when you were his age；主句用you said；表示“你想当职业足球运动员”用you wanted to be a professional football player，为宾语从句，从句不缺少成分或含义，用that引导。 42．When/The moment I looked at the grade on my math paper, my jaw dropped to the ground. 【解析】“看到……的那一刻”可用连词when，也可用连词短语the moment，充当连词使用，引导时间状语从句，从句中主语是“我”，用人称代词I，“看到”作从句中谓语，表达为动词短语look at，动作发生在过去，用一般过去式looked，“数学卷子上的成绩”表达为the grade on my math paper；“惊得下巴掉在了地上”是主句，可用固定常用表达my jaw dropped to the ground。 43．Hardly had I got home when it began to rain heavily. 【解析】“一……就……”翻译为固定句型hardly...when...，“到家”翻译为get home，时态用过去完成时，且用部分倒装，即将助动词had提前到主语I前面，“下起了大雨”时态用一般过去时，翻译为it began to rain heavily。 44．Where there is plenty of sunlight and rain, the fields are green. 【解析】本句描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，表示“哪里有”用Where there be...，为地点状语从句。表示“充足的阳光和雨水”用plenty of sunlight and rain，“阳光和雨水”都是不可数名词，结合there be的就近原则，be动词用is。主句中：表示“田地”用field，此处指不止一块田地，用the fields作主语，be动词用are，“绿油油的”用形容词green作表语。 45．I was green with envy from the bottom of my heart because he was leading a cosy and decent life. 【解析】表示“我”应用I，作主语；表示“由衷地嫉妒”应用be green with envy from the bottom of my heart，句子可看作陈述过去的事情，用一般过去时；because引导原因状语从句；从句里表示“他”应用he，作主语；表示“过着”应用was leading，作谓语，过去进行时表示过去一段时间内持续发生的动作；表示“舒适而体面的生活”应用a cosy and decent life，作宾语。 46．It was because Lily could speak Chinese fluently/could speak fluent Chinese that she applied to be an exchange student. 【解析】考查强调句型、原因状语从句。表示“正是因为”用强调句型“It is/was... that...”。表示“因为Lily汉语流利”用because引导的原因状语从句，从句中：主语用Lily；表示“汉语流利”可用could speak Chinese fluently/could speak fluent Chinese，其中could是情态动词，表示过去的能力。主句中：用she作主语；表示“申请成为交换生”用apply to be an exchange student，事情发生在过去，时态用一般过去时，谓语用过去式applied，所以强调句型用“It was... that...”，强调原因状语从句。故翻译为It was because Lily could speak Chinese fluently/could speak fluent Chinese that she applied to be an exchange student. 47．Teachers suggest that we read widely, because it can not only enrich our knowledge, but also broaden our horizons. 【解析】考查从句和虚拟语气。“老师”表达为“Teachers”；“建议”表达为“suggest”，其后接宾语从句，从句常用虚拟语气，即“should + 动词原形”，“should”可省略，“我们广泛阅读”译为“we read widely”；“因为”为“because”，引导原因状语从句；“丰富知识”是“enrich our knowledge” ，“开阔眼界”是“broaden our horizons”，“不仅……还……”用“not only...but also...”连接。句子陈述一般建议，用一般现在时，故译为Teachers suggest that we read widely, because it can not only enrich our knowledge, but also broaden our horizons. 48．I’ll find a way to improve my ball skills so that I can join the team next year. 【解析】“我会找到”描述将来要发生的动作，时态用一般将来时，表达为I’ll find；“一个做某事的方法”是固定结构a way to do sth.，“一个让自己提高球技的方法”表达为a way to improve my ball skills；“这样”表目的，用so that引导目的状语从句符合英文语法规则；“明年”为时间状语，表达为next year；“我就能加入球队了”表达为I can join the team。 49．We should make a detailed plan in advance so that we can finish tasks on time. 【解析】“我们应该提前制定详细计划”是主句，主语“我们”用代词We，“应该”用情态动词should，谓语“制定”用动词make，在情态动词后用原形，宾语“详细计划”用名词词组a detailed plan，时间状语“提前”用介词短语in advance；“以便按时完成任务”是目的状语从句，用连词so that引导，从句主语“我们”用代词we，“能”用情态动词can，谓语“完成”用动词finish，在情态动词后用原形，宾语“任务”用名词tasks，时间状语“按时”用介词短语on time。 50．We should plan time properly so that we can study efficiently and enrich our daily life. 【解析】根据句意，该句给出合理建议，全句使用一般现在时，表示“我们”为we作主句主语，位于句首，首字母需大写；表示“应当”为情态动词should，后接动词原形共同构成谓语；表示“规划”为plan，；表示“时间”为time作plan的宾语；表示“合理地”为副词properly修饰动词plan；表示“以便”为连词so that引导目的状语从句，用来引出规划时间的目的；从句中表示“我们”为we作主语，表示“能够”为情态动词can，后接动词原形，表示“高效学习”为study efficiently，副词efficiently修饰动词study；表示“充实”为enrich，表示“自己的日常生活”为our daily life作enrich的宾语，形容词性物主代词our和形容词daily共同修饰名词life，使用and连接“study efficiently and enrich our daily life”。 51．We keep reading every day so that we can broaden our horizons. 【解析】本句翻译为主从复合句，“我们每天坚持阅读”为主句，陈述习惯行为，用一般现在时，“坚持阅读”用keep reading，“是为了拓宽自己的视野”处理为so that引导的目的状语从句，“拓宽视野”用broaden one’s horizons，so that引导目的状语从句时常和情态动词can搭配。 52．He is so fascinated by science that he has always been determined to/ he has determined to explore the frontier(s) of science since his graduation from university. 【解析】主语为he；表示“对……痴迷不已”译为be fascinated by，陈述事实为一般现在时的被动语态；此处为结果状语从句，表示“如此……以至于”译为so…that…；从句主语为he；表示“坚定不移地”译为be determined to或determine to do sth.，由副词always修饰，表示过去的动作对现在的影响用现在完成时；表示“探索科学前沿”译为explore the frontier(s) of science；表示“自大学毕业以来”译为since his graduation from university。 53．I had been so focused on keeping the party under control that I failed to consider how important Toby was to my brother during this difficult time. 【解析】根据句意可知，表示“我”应用I，作主语；表示“一直专注于”应用have been so focused on，主句使用过去完成时表“过去的过去”，focused是形容词，be focused on“专注于”；表示“控制聚会”应用keeping the party under control，介词on后接动名词；表示“如此……以至于……”应用so…that…，引导结果状语从句；表示“没能考虑到”应用fail to consider，时态用过去时表过去情况；后面how引导宾语从句，表示“托比对我弟弟有多重要”how important Toby was to my brother；表示“在这段困难时期”应用during this difficult time，作时间状语。 54．If you can learn to see the good things about yourself, you will soon begin to love yourself just the way you are. 【解析】本题考查if引导的条件状语从句的主将从现时态规则。“如果你能学会看到自己身上的优点”翻译为If you can learn to see the good things about yourself，“你很快就会开始爱上本来的自己”翻译为you will soon begin to love yourself just the way you are。 55．If you are too stressed to concentrate on your studies, you’d better do some exercise. 【解析】“如果”可用if引导条件状语从句；“压力大”译为be stressed；“太……而不能……”可用too...to...固定结构；“专心学习”译为concentrate on your studies；“最好做某事”译为had better do sth.（缩写为’d better do sth.）；“做一些运动”译为do some exercise。句子描述的是普遍适用的建议类客观情况，用一般现在时。 56．It was thoughtful of the writer to encourage young writers to keep writing, even though she herself had faced repeated rejections. 【解析】表示“体贴的”应用thoughtful；表示“那位作家”应用the writer；表示“鼓励某人做某事”应用encourage sb. to do sth.，It is/was + adj. + of sb to do为固定句型，it为形式主语，动词不定式是真正的主语，陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时；表示“年轻作者”应用young writers；表示“继续做某事”应用keep doing sth.，表示“写作”应用动名词writing，作宾语；表示“即使”应用even though，引导让步状语从句；表示“她自己”应用she herself；表示“经历”应用face，发生在主句谓语动词之前，使用过去完成时；表示“多次拒稿”应用repeated rejections。 57．I ran my race relaxed and confident, even though my limits were being tested like never before. 【解析】本句是包含让步状语从句的复合句；主句主语是I，主句陈述过去的事实，谓语“跑”用动词run的过去式ran，宾语“比赛”用the race，“轻松自信的”表达为relaxed and confident，为形容词作状语，表示主语的状态；表示“尽管”用even though引导让步状语从句，从句主语“自己的极限”表达为my limits，“考验”用test，和主语是被动关系，且陈述过去某段时间正在发生的动作，用过去进行时的被动语态，主语是复数，助动词用were，“前所未有地”用like never before。 58． He realized that doing the right thing is always important — no matter what the cost is. 【解析】“他意识到” 表达为He realized，主句描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时。“做正确的事永远重要”是宾语从句，从句句意完整，成分齐全，用that引导宾语从句，“做正确的事” 表达为doing the right thing，动名词短语作宾语从句的主语，“永远重要”表达为is always important，该内容属于普适性客观真理，不受主句过去时态的限制，不用遵循主从句时态一致规则，使用一般现在时。“无论代价如何” 表达为no matter what the cost is，是让步状语从句的标准固定表达，对应原句破折号后的补充说明内容。 59．The decision is far more complex than it appears. 【解析】本句可处理为主从复合句，句子陈述客观情况，用一般现在时；主句为主系表结构，主语“这个决定”用the decision，主语是单数，系动词用is，表语“复杂的”用形容词complex，此处应用其比较级more complex，副词far修饰比较级，表示“……得多”，连词than引导比较状语从句，从句主语是it（指代上文the decision），谓语用系动词appear，主语是单数，谓语用单数形式，为避免重复appear后省略了表语complex。 60．The more you listen to Beijing Opera, the better/more you (will) understand why it is a national treasure worth passing down/worthy of being passed down from generation to generation. 【解析】“听京剧”表达为listen to Beijing Opera；“理解”表达为understand ；“国之瑰宝”表达为a national treasure；“值得代代相传的”表达为worth passing down/worthy of being passed down from generation to generation，为形容词短语作treasure的后置定语。根据句意可知，此处为“the+比较级..., the+比较级...(越……就越……)”句型，“你京剧听得越多”为条件句，表达为The more you listen to Beijing Opera，“就越能理解为什么它是一个值得代代相传的国之瑰宝”为结果句，表达为 the better/more you (will) understand why it is a national treasure worth passing down/worthy of being passed down from generation to generation，此处why引导宾语从句，故应用陈述语序。 一、阅读理解 A DeepSeek: Pioneering the Future of Intelligent Solutions In the age of rapid technological development, DeepSeek has become a pioneer in artificial intelligence (AI) and data analytics. It was founded to help industries make intelligent decisions. DeepSeek focuses on creating advanced AI platforms to boost efficiency and productivity in fields like finance, healthcare, education, and logistics. DeepSeek uses advanced technologies such as machine learning, natural language processing (NLP), and predictive analytics. Its main product, an AI data analysis platform, helps organizations handle large amounts of data in real-time. It can generate useful insights and automate decision-making. For example, in healthcare, DeepSeek’s algorithms can diagnose diseases more accurately. In finance, its tools can predict market trends and reduce risks. What makes DeepSeek special is its focus on adaptability and ethical AI. The company tries to create transparent AI models that users can trust. Its “Adaptive Learning Framework” allows systems to change according to new data, staying useful in changing situations. Since its start, DeepSeek has received much praise. Industry leaders like its ability to turn AI theory into practical uses. A CFO from a big company said it cut their operational costs by 30% and improved forecasting. Healthcare workers also like how it reduces diagnostic errors. But DeepSeek’s success has also started discussions about AI ethics and workforce changes. In the future, DeepSeek plans to work with educational institutions to train AI talent and start community projects to solve problems like climate change. As its CEO said, they want AI to bring progress, not just profit. DeepSeek shows the bright future of AI, and it’s ready to change the way industries work. 1．What can we learn from Paragraph 2 about DeepSeek’s AI platform? A．It focuses exclusively on the improvement of medical diagnosis. B．It turns massive real-time data into support for decision-making. C．It has managed to eliminate financial risks for related companies. D．Its operation depends little on machine-learning technologies. 2．The underlined phrase “Adaptive Learning Framework” in Paragraph 3 suggests the system’s ________. A．ability to adjust itself to changing circumstances B．determination to stick to its original operating rules C．ambition to gain wide recognition from the public D．potential to bring instant profit for its investors 3．What does Paragraph 4 mainly convey concerning DeepSeek? A．Its practical achievements bring both praise and reflection. B．Its success has settled long-existing AI ethical arguments. C．Financial circles speak much higher of it than medical workers. D．It helps businesses cut costs chiefly through staff reduction. 4．What can be inferred about DeepSeek’s future plans? A．It will only focus on making profits in the AI industry. B．It has no intention to cooperate with educational institutions. C．It will stop developing technologies related to healthcare and finance. D．It aims to use AI to solve social problems beyond just industrial needs. B Cornell researchers have developed a new glove called EdemaFlex to reduce swelling for people suffering from edema (水肿). The glove has more than 30 actuators across the fingers and palm. It’s the latest version of the technology from Cindy Kao, associate professor of human centered design in the College of Human Ecology, who previously developed KnitDema, which used gentle pressure to reduce swelling in one finger. Later, she developed MediKnit, a better way to make soft medical devices. “The lower extremities have always been part of our goal,” Kao said. “We’re also thinking about it in terms of women’s health and in other body locations. We definitely see a lot of potential.” EdemaFlex works by giving pressure from the ends of the fingers toward the palm and wrist. This helps move fluid out of the swollen hand. The pressure can be changed to meet the needs of different patients. One challenge was deciding how to place the parts of the glove without affecting the systems that carry blood and fluid in the hand. “Clinicians help to identify specific patient needs based on their individual condition and reason for hand swelling,” said Dr. Joan Stilling, a professor at Weill Cornell Medicine. “Dr. Kao and her team bring advanced techniques and testable prototypes (样机) with visual feedback to the clinic. Our strong partnership allows for the optimization of the devices that are easily used, effective and address real-world problems.” The researchers tested the glove with seven people over three days, including a one-day home-based trial. Clinicians conducted fittings with each patient and sent measurements back to the lab via a software design platform. Over the course of the study, most participants experienced a 3% to 5% reduction in hand volume, although one participant had a 25% reduction. “We got some results,” Kao said. “They responded very favorably in terms of thermal safety, and the ease of being able to just wear something and not have to go to a doctor’s office for treatment.” 5．What does the author try to explain in paragraph 2? A．How doctors test EdemaFlex. B．Why the treatment for edema is costly. C．Why patients with edema prefer home treatment. D．How the technology from Kao and her team has developed. 6．What does the underlined word “optimization” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Invention. B．Copy. C．Improvement. D．Failure. 7．Which can best describe the result of the test? A．Amusing. B．Unreliable. C．Unexpected. D．Encouraging. 8．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A．A Smart Glove for Everyday Hand Care B．A Soft-robotic Glove for Swelling Relief C．A Medical Device for Better Blood Flow D．A Creative Method of Caring for the Elderly C How do you study each day? You may answer it in one second: have classes at school, take notes and do homework. Feeling a little bored? There are other ways that can make learning interesting and varied. It’s called digital learning. Digital learning is a way to help students learn by using the Internet. There are three important kinds of digital learning. Apps are computer software applications (应用). People can download them on their mobiles. The other two kinds are social networking services, including Weibo and WeChat and websites. Every one of them is like your teacher. They help you master what you learn at school. Compared with traditional learning ways, digital learning has its advantages. Digital learning is also varied. It covers almost every school subject. More importantly, it always offers students the newest resources (资源) to learn from. Digital learning is also personalized. You can choose what you like to learn. If you don’t master what you have learned at school, you can learn again through digital ways. However, digital learning also has disadvantages. When you use digital ways to learn, you’ve got little chance of talking with teachers or classmates. As digital learning uses computers or smartphones, watching the screen too long may be bad for your eyes. It is better to take a rest every 20 minutes. 9．How do students usually study every day according to the passage? A．Having classes at school and using online tools at home. B．Having classes at school, taking notes and doing homework. C．Learning through digital ways and having classes in the classroom. D．Having classes, taking notes and doing homework at school. 10．The underlined word “personalized” in Paragraph 4 probably means ________. A．全面的 B．个性化的 C．高效的 D．被动的 11．What is the problem of digital learning? A．You can’t communicate with your classmates or teachers. B．You have to use both computers and smartphones. C．You can’t decide what you want to learn by yourself. D．It’s impossible to learn from the newest resources. 12．How can you protect your eyes when learning in digital ways? A．Try to take a rest for 20 minutes when watching the screen. B．Try to use traditional ways to learn as often as possible. C．Try to take a break every 20 minutes if possible. D．Try to learn through digital ways less than 2 hours a day. D The decision to delay (延迟) morning arrival times in Nanjing has caused a wide discussion about how to balance students’ study needs with their health. While some people support the change, others worry about its possible influences. Supporters of the policy argue that sleep is very important for teenagers’ growth. They point out that students who do not get enough sleep often feel tired, worried, or unable to focus. In contrast, well-rested students are more likely to take an active part in class and perform better in exams. Some experts also note that a good breakfast plays an important role in students’ health and learning. With a later start time, students can have enough time to eat well and prepare for the day. People who disagree with the policy, however, express worries about the influence on study results. They argue that to decrease morning study time may cause lower grades, especially for students who need more practice or review. Some parents worry that students will become lazy if they do not have to get up early. They also question whether schools can really improve classroom efficiency (效率). To better study the influences of the new schedule, government education departments in Nanjing plan to get feedback from students, parents, and teachers over the next few months. They will record changes in students’ sleep quality, attendance rates (出勤率), and study results. If the final results show that the policy is good, it may be put into practice in more schools. If problems show up, some changes may be made. In the long run, experts suggest that improving students’ health needs the efforts of schools, families, and society. Schools should not only change schedules but also improve teaching quality. Parents should help their children develop good sleep habits and create a quiet environment at home. Students themselves should learn to manage their time wisely and avoid staying up late. Only in this way can the goal of decreasing study pressure and improving quality be truly realized. 13．What do supporters of the policy believe? A．Students should get up as early as possible. B．Sleep is not important for study. C．Well-rested students are more able to learn better. D．After-school activities are more important than sleep. 14．What will Nanjing’s education departments do with the new schedule? A．They will make changes right away. B．They plan to get feedback from students, parents, and more. C．They will do nothing because they think it’s a good policy . D．They try to improve students’ sleep quality and study results. 15．What can we learn from the passage? A．The policy will be put into practice in all schools in Nanjing. B．Schools play a more important role than families in students’ health. C．Schools should help students develop good sleep habits. D．The new schedule may be changed because of future results. 16．What is the passage mainly about? A．The advantages of delayed school start times. B．The reasons for students’ sleep problems. C．The importance of after-school activities. D．The discussion about delayed school start times and their influences. 二、完形填空 When a mom met trouble on Christmas Eve, a stranger came and worked some serious holiday magic. It was 1:00 a.m. Christmas morning, but Marisa still faced the 17 of Christmas Eve. Her 4-year-old daughter Aubree had long 18 for a real piano keyboard as her Christmas gift. After Aubree fell asleep, Marisa took out the parcel box and opened it, only to 19 that it held just the stand (琴架) and bench. The keyboard was sold 20 . Panic 21 her. She could imagine how 22 Aubree would feel seeing no keyboard. She tried online shopping and nearby stores, but had no 23 . Desperately, she 24 a neighborhood online group for help, saying she feared the Christmas surprise would be 25 . Andy Spencer, who lives 5 miles from Marisa, read her message before going to bed. He 26 an old keyboard at home which his daughter seldom used. He woke his daughter Hailey up to ask her whether she was willing to 27 the keyboard. Hailey was eager to help. Spencer immediately messaged Marisa and they 28 to meet near Marisa’s home. Soon the Spencers arrived and handed over the keyboard. Marisa wanted to pay, but Andy 29 the money. All he hoped for was a photo of the happy girl. Hours later, Aubree jumped with joy at the keyboard and her face 30 up. That night, Marisa truly believed in the warm Christmas 31 brought by a kind stranger. 17．A．puzzle B．chance C．risk D．trouble 18．A．prepared B．cared C．wished D．waited 19．A．discover B．admit C．promise D．suspect 20．A．particularly B．separately C．distinctly D．naturally 21．A．guided B．cured C．seized D．followed 22．A．calm B．proud C．curious D．upset 23．A．result B．luck C．help D．direction 24．A．looked for B．called on C．turned to D．broke into 25．A．ruined B．hidden C．forgotten D．wasted 26．A．doubted B．recalled C．reported D．proved 27．A．give away B．put up C．take away D．clear up 28．A．happened B．continued C．pretended D．agreed 29．A．accepted B．refused C．collected D．counted 30．A．tore B．rolled C．lit D．opened 31．A．spirit B．wisdom C．memory D．habit 三、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The China Coal Mine Art Troupe (文工团) recently presented a stage show called “Old Drunk Dream” at the 79th Edinburgh Festival Fringe. So far, it 32 (receive) warm comments from international audiences. It tells traditional Chinese stories with modern artistic skills. “Old Drunk Dream” follows a modern proofreader (校对员) 33 meets Liu Ling, the ancient Chinese poet and one of the famous Seven Sages of the Bamboo Grove (竹林七贤), 34 (know) for his love of wine. Over drinks, the two have a poetic talk about anxiety and the pressures of a fast-paced world. This show makes 35 possible that audiences wander freely across various scene areas while watching the performance, 36 (connect) the past and the present. This show 37 (deep) explores the meaning of “being drunk” and “being awake” and shows people’s wish for inner peace and 38 (free). Using “being drunk” as a 39 (create) idea, the actor shows deep inner pain and self-reflection. The troupe recommends that every viewer should reflect 40 their real emotions and get along with themselves well after the show. Bringing young creators to international stages like the Edinburgh Festival Fringe 41 (provide) both a stage for presenting Chinese stories overseas and a practical training ground for theater talents. This approach allows young creators to showcase their work to international audiences, gain firsthand experience and broaden their horizons. 四、书信写作 假定你是李华，你校英语俱乐部计划举办年度英语演讲比赛，现提供两个备选主题：“致敬科学先驱”与“畅想人工智能未来”。请你给俱乐部负责老师Mr. Smith写一封邮件，推荐其中一个主题，内容包括： 1．你推荐的主题； 2．你的推荐理由。 参考词汇：致敬科学先驱 Paying Tribute to Scientific Pioneers 畅想人工智能未来 Envisioning the Future of Artificial Intelligence 注意： 1．写作词数100左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡上的相应位置作答。 Dear Mr. Smith, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 参考答案 一、 A 1．B 2．A 3．A 4．D 【解析】文章介绍了DeepSeek是一家专注于AI和数据分析的公司，通过先进技术帮助各行业提高效率，同时注重伦理和社会责任，并致力于用AI解决更广泛的社会问题。 1．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Its main product, an AI data analysis platform, helps organizations handle large amounts of data in real-time. It can generate useful insights and automate decision-making. (它的主要产品是一个AI数据分析平台，帮助组织实时处理大量数据。它能生成有用的洞见，并实现决策自动化。)”可推知，DeepSeek的AI平台能将海量的实时数据转化为决策支持。 2．词句猜测题。根据画线短语的下文“allows systems to change according to new data, staying useful in changing situations (允许系统根据新数据调整，在变化的环境中保持有效)”可知，这一框架表明该系统能够根据变化的环境自行调整。 3．主旨大意题。根据第四段“Since its start, DeepSeek has received much praise. Industry leaders like its ability to turn AI theory into practical uses. A CFO from a big company said it cut their operational costs by 30% and improved forecasting. Healthcare workers also like how it reduces diagnostic errors. But DeepSeek’s success has also started discussions about AI ethics and workforce changes. (自推出以来，DeepSeek获得了广泛赞誉。行业领导者喜欢它将AI理论转化为实际应用的能力。一家大型企业的首席财务官表示，该技术使公司的运营成本降低了30%，并提升了预测能力。医疗工作者也赞赏它减少了诊断错误。但DeepSeek的成功也引发了关于AI伦理和劳动力变化的讨论。)”可知，该段主要传达DeepSeek的实践成果既带来了赞扬，也引发了反思。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“In the future, DeepSeek plans to work with educational institutions to train AI talent and start community projects to solve problems like climate change. As its CEO said, they want AI to bring progress, not just profit. (未来，DeepSeek计划与教育机构合作培养AI人才，并启动社区项目解决气候变化等问题。正如其CEO所说，他们希望AI带来进步，而不仅仅是利润。)”可推知，DeepSeek未来的计划是利用AI解决工业需求之外的社会问题。 B 5．D 6．C 7．D 8．B 【解析】文章主要介绍了康奈尔团队研发的一款可缓解手部水肿的新型软体机器人手套EdemaFlex，介绍了其技术发展、原理、合作研发以及效果良好的临床试验。 5．推理判断题。根据第二段“It’s the latest version of the technology from Cindy Kao, associate professor of human centered design in the College of Human Ecology, who previously developed KnitDema, which used gentle pressure to reduce swelling in one finger. Later, she developed MediKnit, a better way to make soft medical devices. ‘The lower extremities have always been part of our goal,’ Kao said. ‘We’re also thinking about it in terms of women’s health and in other body locations. We definitely see a lot of potential.’ (这是人类生态学院以人为中心设计专业副教授辛迪・高所研发技术的最新成果。她此前研发了KnitDema，依靠轻柔压力缓解单根手指的肿胀。之后，她又开发了MediKnit，这是制造软性医疗设备的更好方案。‘下肢治疗一直是我们的目标之一，’高教授说，‘我们也在研究把这项技术应用于女性健康以及身体其他部位。我们坚信它潜力巨大。’)”可知，第二段依次介绍了辛迪・高团队的技术迭代：最早研发了给单根手指消肿的KnitDema，之后做出了制造软性医疗设备的MediKnit，现在又推出最新版的EdemaFlex，还提及团队未来的研发方向，展现了辛迪・高及其团队的相关技术的发展历程。 6．词句猜测题。根据第四段中“Dr. Kao and her team bring advanced techniques and testable prototypes (样机) with visual feedback to the clinic. Our strong partnership allows for the optimization of the devices that are easily used, effective and address real-world problems. (高博士及其团队将先进技术、带有可视化反馈的可测试样机带到诊所。我们紧密合作，optimization这款设备，使其好用、有效，解决现实中的难题。)”可知，临床医生与研发团队紧密合作，对设备进行调整完善，使其好用、有效，能够解决实际问题，由此可推知，optimization的词义为“优化、改进”。 7．推理判断题。根据第五段中“Over the course of the study, most participants experienced a 3% to 5% reduction in hand volume, although one participant had a 25% reduction. (研究过程中，大部分受试者手部体积减少3%至5%，还有一名受试者肿胀体积减少25%。)”及第六段中“They responded very favorably in terms of thermal safety, and the ease of being able to just wear something and not have to go to a doctor’s office for treatment. (受试者对设备的热安全性评价很高，而且只需戴上手套，不用前往诊所接受治疗，十分便捷。)”可知，大部分受试者的手部水肿体积有所下降，受试者对设备的热安全性与穿戴便捷性反馈良好，试验结果令人鼓舞。 8．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Cornell researchers have developed a new glove called EdemaFlex to reduce swelling for people suffering from edema (水肿). The glove has more than 30 actuators across the fingers and palm. (康奈尔大学研究人员研发了一款名为EdemaFlex的新手套，用来减轻水肿患者的肿胀。该手套在手指和手掌位置装有三十多个驱动器。)”并通读全文可知，文章介绍了一款可缓解手部水肿的新型软体机器人手套。B选项“A Soft-robotic Glove for Swelling Relief (一款用于缓解肿胀的软体机器手套)”准确概括了全文核心，适合做文章的标题。 C 9．B 10．B 11．A 12．C 【解析】本文介绍了数字化学习，讲解它的定义、类型，对比传统学习方式说明优缺点，同时给出用眼保护建议。 9．细节理解题。根据第一段“You may answer it in one second: have classes at school, take notes and do homework. (你可以一秒给出答案：在校上课、记笔记并完成作业。)”可知，学生日常在校上课、记笔记、写作业。故选 B。 10．词句猜测题。根据第四段“Digital learning is also personalized. You can choose what you like to learn. (数字化学习还____。你可以选择自己想学的内容。)”可知，学习者可自主挑选想要学习内容，由此推断personalized意为“个性化的”。 11．细节理解题。根据最后一段“When you use digital ways to learn, you’ve got little chance of talking with teachers or classmates. (当你使用数字化方式学习时，几乎没有机会与老师或同学交流。)”可知，数字化学习的弊端是几乎没有机会和老师同学交流。 12．细节理解题。根据最后一段“It is better to take a rest every 20 minutes. (最好每二十分钟休息一会儿。)”可知，使用电子设备学习时最好每20分钟休息一下保护眼睛。 D 13．C 14．B 15．D 16．D 【解析】本文介绍南京推迟学生早晨到校时间引发广泛讨论。支持者认为利于学生睡眠，反对者担心影响成绩；当地教育部门将收集各方反馈，根据调研结果评估并调整政策。 13．细节理解题。根据第二段“Supporters of the policy argue that sleep is very important for teenagers’ growth. They point out that students who do not get enough sleep often feel tired, worried, or unable to focus. In contrast, well-rested students are more likely to take an active part in class and perform better in exams.(这项政策的支持者认为，睡眠对青少年的成长至关重要。他们指出，睡眠不足的学生常常感到疲惫、焦虑，或者无法集中注意力。与之相反，休息充分的学生更有可能积极参与课堂活动，并且在考试中取得更好的成绩)”可知，休息充足的学生学习效果更好。 14．细节理解题。根据第四段“To better study the influences of the new schedule, government education departments in Nanjing plan to get feedback from students, parents, and teachers over the next few months.(为了更好地研究新作息带来的影响，南京教育部门计划在接下来几个月收集学生、家长以及老师的反馈)”可知，南京的教育部门计划向学生、家长等群体征求意见。 15．细节理解题。根据第四段“If the final results show that the policy is good, it may be put into practice in more schools. If problems show up, some changes may be made.(如果最终结果显示政策效果好，会在更多学校推行。如果出现问题，就会做出一些调整)”可知，根据后续调研结果，这项新作息有可能做出改动。 16．主旨大意题。根据第一段“The decision to delay (延迟) morning arrival times in Nanjing has caused a wide discussion about how to balance students’ study needs with their health. While some people support the change, others worry about its possible influences.(南京推迟早上到校时间的这一决定引发了一场广泛讨论：如何平衡学生的学习需求与身体健康。虽然一部分人支持这项调整，但也有人担心它可能带来的影响)”以及文章第一段提出南京推迟早上到校时间引发热议，后面分别介绍支持方、反对方观点，教育部门后续调研计划，以及各方需要共同努力。全文围绕“推迟上学时间引发的讨论及其影响”展开。 二、 17．D 18．C 19．A 20．B 21．C 22．D 23．B 24．C 25．A 26．B 27．A 28．D 29．B 30．C 31．A 【解析】本文讲述了圣诞夜一位母亲因网购的儿童电子琴缺了键盘陷入窘境，最终在陌生邻居的善意帮助下，保住了给孩子的节日惊喜的暖心小故事。 17．考查名词。句意：已经是圣诞节凌晨1点了，但Marisa仍然要面对平安夜留下的麻烦。A. puzzle谜题；B. chance机会；C. risk风险；D. trouble麻烦。根据第一段“When a mom met trouble on Christmas Eve”可知，Marisa在平安夜遇上了麻烦。 18．考查动词。句意：她4岁的女儿Aubree一直想要一架真正的电子琴作为圣诞礼物。A. prepared准备；B. cared在意；C. wished期盼；D. waited等待。根据最后一段“Aubree jumped with joy at the keyboard”可知，女儿收到钢琴键盘后欣喜若狂，说明她一直期盼得到这份礼物。 19．考查动词。句意：Aubree睡着后，Marisa拿出包裹盒子打开，却发现里面只有琴架和琴凳。A. discover发现；B. admit承认；C. promise承诺；D. suspect怀疑。根据上文“Marisa took out the parcel box and opened it”可知，打开包裹后才发现里面的东西不全。 20．考查副词。句意：电子琴（和配件）是分开售卖的。A. particularly尤其；B. separately分开地；C. distinctly明显地；D. naturally自然地。根据上文“it held just the stand (琴架) and bench”可知，包裹里只有琴架和琴凳，电子琴主体是分开售卖的。 21．考查动词。句意：她陷入了恐慌。A. guided引导；B. cured治愈；C. seized（情绪）攫住；D. followed跟随。根据第二段“only to ________ that it held just the stand (琴架) and bench. The keyboard was sold ________.”可知，Marisa拆开给女儿准备的圣诞礼物后发现只有琴架和琴凳，键盘单独售卖，完全没达成给女儿准备礼物的预期，瞬间被恐慌的情绪笼罩。 22．考查形容词。句意：她能想象到Aubree看到没有电子琴会有多难过。A. calm冷静的；B. proud骄傲的；C. curious好奇的；D. upset难过的，沮丧的。根据第二段“Her 4-year-old daughter Aubree had long ________ for a real piano keyboard as her Christmas gift.”可知，女儿期盼一架电子键盘作为圣诞礼物很久了，如果期待落空，孩子肯定会感到失落难过。 23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她尝试了网购和询问附近的商店，但都不走运。A. result结果；B. luck运气；C. help帮助；D. direction方向。根据下文“Desperately, she ________ a neighborhood online group for help”可知，她走投无路才去求助，说明之前的所有尝试都没有成功，运气很差。 24．考查动词短语。句意：绝望之下，她向一个社区在线群组求助，说她担心圣诞惊喜会被毁掉。A. looked for寻找；B. called on拜访；C. turned to求助于；D. broke into闯入。根据下文“for help”可知，她转向社区线上群组寻求帮助。 25．考查动词。句意：绝望之下，她向一个社区在线群组求助，说她担心圣诞惊喜会被毁掉。A. ruined毁坏；B. hidden隐藏；C. forgotten忘记；D. wasted浪费。根据第三段“She tried online shopping and nearby stores, but had no ________.”可知，她尝试了网购和询问附近的商店都一无所获，没法补上缺失的键盘，原本准备好的圣诞惊喜就要彻底泡汤。 26．考查动词。句意：他想起家里有一架旧电子琴，他的女儿很少用。A. doubted怀疑；B. recalled记起，想起；C. reported报告；D. proved证明。根据上文“Andy Spencer, who lives 5 miles from Marisa, read her message before going to bed.” 以及下文“an old keyboard at home”可知，他睡前看到求助信息，随即想起自家闲置的旧钢琴键盘。 27．考查动词短语。句意：他叫醒女儿Hailey，问她是否愿意把这架电子琴赠送出去。A. give away赠送；B. put up张贴；C. take away带走；D. clear up清理。根据下文“Hailey was eager to help.”及第五段“Soon the Spencers arrived and handed over the keyboard.”可知，父女二人是要把家里闲置的键盘无偿送给Marisa的女儿，帮她实现圣诞愿望。 28．考查动词。句意：Spencer立刻给Marisa发了消息，两人约定在Marisa家附近见面。A. happened发生；B. continued继续；C. pretended假装；D. agreed商定，约定。根据下文“Soon the Spencers arrived and handed over the keyboard.”可知，双方已经敲定了见面的地点，达成了约定。 29．考查动词。句意：Marisa想要付钱，但Andy拒绝了钱。A. accepted接受；B. refused拒绝；C. collected收集；D. counted数。根据下文“All he hoped for was a photo of the happy girl.”可知，Andy拒绝收钱，只想要一张小女孩开心的照片。 30．考查动词。句意：几小时后，Aubree看到电子琴高兴得跳了起来，脸上神采奕奕。A. tore撕裂；B. rolled滚动；C. lit发亮；D. opened打开。根据上文“Aubree jumped with joy at the keyboard”可知，孩子得偿所愿十分开心，固定搭配light up可以表示“（脸上）露出喜色、容光焕发”。 31．考查名词。句意：那天晚上，Marisa真的相信了善良陌生人带来的温暖圣诞精神。A. spirit精神；B. wisdom智慧；C. memory记忆；D. habit习惯。根据第一段“When a mom met trouble on Christmas Eve, a stranger came and worked some serious holiday magic.”以及整个陌生人无偿伸出援手、成全孩子圣诞愿望的暖心故事可知，这份陌生人传递的善意正是圣诞节所倡导的互助、温暖的精神内核。 三、 32．has received 33．who/that 34．known 35．it 36．connecting 37．deeply 38．freedom 39．creative 40．on 41．provides 【解析】本文介绍中国煤矿文工团在爱丁堡边缘艺术节上演舞台剧《刘伶醉》，讲述剧目内容、艺术构思以及把青年创作者送上国际舞台带来的价值。 32．考查动词时态。句意：到目前为止，它已经收获了国际观众的好评。so far为现在完成时标志性时间状语，主语it为单数，谓语动词用has received。 33．考查定语从句关系代词。句意：《刘伶醉》讲述了一名现代校对员遇到了中国古代诗人、竹林七贤之一的刘伶，他以嗜酒闻名。先行词proofreader指代人，关系代词在从句内部充当主语，可用who或that。 34．考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。be known for为固定搭配，此处过去分词known作后置定语修饰人物Liu Ling。 35．考查形式宾语。句意：这部剧目让观众可以在观看演出时自由穿梭于不同场景区域成为可能，连接过去与现在。it在这里充当形式宾语，后面that从句为真正的宾语。 36．考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。后句是前句产生的顺其自然的结果，应用现在分词connecting作结果状语。 37．考查副词。句意：该剧深入探究“醉”与“醒”的内涵，展现人们对内心平静与自由的向往。修饰谓语动词explores，需用副词deeply作状语。 38．考查名词。句意：同上。and连接并列名词作宾语，和inner peace并列，free转换为名词freedom。 39．考查形容词。句意：演员将“醉”作为一个创意构思，展现深沉的内心痛苦与自我反思。修饰名词idea，使用形容词creative作定语。 40．考查介词。句意：剧团建议每位观众在演出结束后反思自己真实的情绪，与自己好好相处。reflect on是固定短语，含义为反思、思考。 41．考查主谓一致。句意：把青年创作者带到爱丁堡边缘艺术节这类国际舞台，既为在海外讲述中国故事提供平台，也为戏剧人才提供实训场地。描述客观事实，用一般现在时，动名词短语作主语，视作单数，谓语动词用provides。 四、 【参考范文】 Dear Mr. Smith, I’m writing to recommend the theme “Paying Tribute to Scientific Pioneers” for our annual English speech contest. This theme is highly suitable for us students. For one thing, many scientific pioneers devoted their whole lives to research and made great contributions to humanity. Their stories are familiar yet thought-provoking for every student. Their spirits of perseverance and courage can inspire us teenagers greatly. For another, we can learn a lot about science while preparing speeches, broadening our horizons. Besides, it offers a good chance for us to practise expressing our thoughts in English. I hope you will consider my suggestion. Looking forward to your reply. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】校英语俱乐部计划举办年度英语演讲比赛，提供两个备选主题：“致敬科学先驱”与“畅想人工智能未来”，要求考生给负责老师Mr. Smith写一封邮件，推荐其中一个主题，并说明推荐的理由。 1. 词汇积累 适合的：suitable→appropriate 激励：inspire→motivate 机会：chance→opportunity 熟悉的：familiar→acquainted 2. 句式拓展 合并句子 原句：For one thing, many scientific pioneers devoted their whole lives to research and made great contributions to humanity. Their stories are familiar yet thought-provoking for every student. 拓展句：For one thing, many scientific pioneers, whose stories are familiar yet thought-provoking for every student, devoted their whole lives to research and made great contributions to humanity. 【点睛】【高分句型1】For another, we can learn a lot about science while preparing speeches, broadening our horizons.（运用了状语从句的省略，现在分词broadening作状语） 【高分句型2】Besides, it offers a good chance for us to practise expressing our thoughts in English.（运用了不定式作后置定语） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题11 状语从句 【析】学考考查要点|【汇】知识清单盘点|【研】核心专题精讲|【练】巩固提升训练 —— 目 录 —— 析|学考考查要点 汇|知识清单盘点 研|核心专题精讲 知识点一 状语从句的类型 知识点二 状语从句引导词的用法 练|巩固提升训练 一、考点概览 （一）核心概念定义 【定义】状语从句（Adverbial Clause）是在复合句中充当状语、修饰主句中的动词、形容词、副词或整个主句的从句，用来表示时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式或比较等关系。它由从属连词引导：位于句首时，其后通常用逗号与主句隔开；位于句末时，一般不用逗号。 【结构】一个完整的状语从句 = 从属连词 + 主谓完整的句子。解题时先找从属连词，再看其后是否有“主语 + 谓语”：结构完整，则为状语从句；若缺少主语或宾语，则为名词性从句或定语从句。 （二）分类总览 表1 状语从句九大类型总览 类型 常见引导词 核心考点 高考热度 时间 when, while, as, before, after, since, until/till, as soon as, the moment, hardly...when, no sooner...than 时态呼应（主将从现）；引导词辨析；not...until ★★★★★ 地点 where, wherever 与定语从句的区分 ★★ 原因 because, since, as, now that 语气强弱；不与 so 连用 ★★★★ 条件 if, unless, once, as long as, on condition that, in case 主将从现；unless = if...not ★★★★★ 目的 so that, in order that, lest, for fear that, in case 从句常含情态动词 ★★★ 结果 so...that, such...that, so that so/such 搭配 ★★★★ 让步 although/though, even if/even though, while, as, whether...or, no matter+wh-, wh-+ever 不与 but 连用；as 倒装 ★★★★★ 方式 as, as if/as though as if 虚拟语气 ★★★ 比较 than, as...as, not so...as, the+比较级, the+比较级 省略结构 ★★★ 图1 状语从句分类体系图 二、用法简析 （一）时间状语从句 表2 时间状语从句常见引导词分类 表示意义 常用引导词 当……时候 when, while, as 在……之前 / 之后 before, after 自从 since 直到 until, till 一……就…… as soon as, the moment, the minute, the instant, immediately, hardly...when, no sooner...than 每次 / 下次 / 第一次 every time, each time, next time, the first time 规则1（when/while/as）：when 可与短暂性动词和延续性动词连用，从句动作可先于、同时或后于主句动作；while 后只接延续性动词，强调“在……期间”，还可表示对比“而”；as 强调两个动作同时发生，常译“一边……一边……”“随着”。 规则2（before）：before 除译“在……之前”外，常可意译“还没来得及……就……”。句型 It was + 一段时间 + before... 意为“过了多久才……”。 规则3（since）：since 从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时或一般现在时。句型 It is/has been + 一段时间 + since... 意为“自从……已经多久了”。 规则4（until/till）：主句谓语为延续性动词且用肯定式时，意为“直到……为止”；主句谓语为非延续性动词时须用 not...until，意为“直到……才……”。Not until 置于句首时，主句须部分倒装。 规则5（一……就……）：as soon as, the moment, the minute, the instant, immediately 以及 hardly/scarcely...when..., no sooner...than... 均可表示“一……就……”。后两组的主句用过去完成时，hardly/no sooner 提前时主句倒装。 规则6（主将从现）：时间状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时；若强调“将来某时前已完成”，从句可用现在完成时。例：I will tell him the news as soon as he comes back. 【例句】 ① When I arrived at the station, the train had already left. 当我到达车站时，火车已经开走了。 ② While I was reading, he was watching TV. 我在读书时，他在看电视。 ③ As time went by, we became close friends. 随着时间流逝，我们成了亲密的朋友。 ④ It was not until midnight that he finished his homework. 直到午夜他才完成作业。（强调句） ⑤ Hardly had I got home when it began to rain. 我一到家就开始下雨了。 【考点提示】 ① when 从句动作与主句的先后关系；② while 表对比“而”；③ not...until 的倒装与强调；④ hardly...when / no sooner...than 的时态与倒装。 （二）地点状语从句 【定义与引导词】地点状语从句修饰主句中的谓语动词，表示动作发生的地点。where 相当于 at/in the place where；wherever 相当于 at any place where。 【与定语从句的区分】引导词前有被修饰的名词（先行词）时，是定语从句；引导词前无先行词、直接修饰谓语时，是地点状语从句。 【例句】 ① You can sit wherever you like. 你想坐哪儿就坐哪儿。 ② Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者，事竟成。 【考点提示】语法填空中判断 where 引导的是地点状语从句还是定语从句，关键看有无先行词。 （三）原因状语从句 【定义与引导词】because 语气最强，表示直接原因，可回答 why，可放句首或句末；since 表示“既然”，多指双方已知的原因，常放句首；as 语气最弱，表示“由于”，常放句首；now that 表示“既然、由于”，带有时间意味。 【易错】because 是从属连词，so 是并列连词，二者不能同时使用。for 虽可表原因，但是并列连词，只能放主句之后，表示推测性的补充说明。 【例句】 ① He didn't come to school because he was ill. 他没来上学，因为他生病了。 ② Since everyone is here, let's begin the meeting. 既然大家都到了，我们开会吧。 ③ Now that you have grown up, you should be independent. 既然你已长大，就应当独立。 【考点提示】because/since/as 的语气与位置；because of 后接名词短语，不能接从句。 （四）条件状语从句 【引导词】if 表“如果”；unless = if...not，意为“除非”，引导的从句通常用肯定式；as long as/so long as 意为“只要”；on condition that 意为“条件是”；provided (that) 意为“假如”（较正式）；in case 意为“万一、以防”。 规则1（主将从现）：主句用一般将来时或祈使句，条件从句用一般现在时。例：If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home. 规则2（祈使句转化）：句型“祈使句 + and/or + 陈述句”可改写为 if 条件句。例：Work hard, and you will succeed. = If you work hard, you will succeed. 规则3（in case）：in case 引导的从句可用一般现在时，也可用 should + 动词原形。 【例句】 ① We'll go for a picnic unless it rains tomorrow. 除非明天下雨，否则我们就去野餐。 ② As long as you keep practicing, you will make progress. 只要你坚持练习，就会进步。 ③ Provided that you apologize, he will forgive you. 假如你道歉，他会原谅你的。 【考点提示】unless 与 if...not 的互换；主将从现；provided that 的书面语色彩。 （五）目的状语从句 规则1（so that / in order that）：so that / in order that 意为“以便、为了”，从句中常含情态动词 can/could/may/might/should；in order that 可放在句首，so that 不能。 规则2（lest / for fear that / in case）：lest / for fear that 意为“以免”，从句用 should + 动词原形（should 可省略）；in case 意为“以防”，从句可用一般现在时。 【例句】 ① Speak louder so that everyone can hear you. 大声点说，以便大家都能听见。 ② He got up early in order that he could catch the first bus. 他早起，为的是能赶上头班车。 ③ Take an umbrella in case it rains. 带把伞，以防下雨。 【考点提示】目的从句与结果从句的区分：目的从句含情态动词、可放句首；结果从句一般不用情态动词、不放句首。 （六）结果状语从句 规则1（so...that / such...that）：so + 形容词/副词 + that；so + many/much/few/little + 名词 + that；such + a/an + 形容词 + 单数可数名词 + that；such + 形容词 + 复数名词/不可数名词 + that。 规则2（结构互换）：so...that 可改写为 so + 形容词 + a/an + 单数名词 + that；so that 单独引导结果从句时，前面常有逗号，从句中一般不含情态动词。 【例句】 ① The box is so heavy that nobody can lift it. 箱子太重，没人搬得动。 ② He made such rapid progress that his teacher praised him. 他进步如此之快，老师表扬了他。 ③ There were so many people that we couldn't get in. 人太多了，我们进不去。 【考点提示】so/such 的搭配是语法填空高频考点；so + adj + a(n) + n. 与 such + a(n) + adj + n. 可互换。 （七）让步状语从句 规则1（though/although）：though/although 不与 but 连用，但可与 yet/still 连用；although 比 though 正式，多放句首。 规则2（even if / while）：even if/even though 意为“即使”，从句内容既可以是事实，也可以是假设；while 放句首时意为“尽管”。 规则3（as 倒装）：as 引导让步状语从句时必须倒装：将表语、状语或动词原形提前；表语为名词时省略冠词。though 也可这样倒装，although 不能。 规则4（whether...or / no matter）：whether...or not 意为“无论是否”；no matter + 疑问词与疑问词 + ever 可互换，但后者还可引导名词性从句，前者不能。 【例句】 ① Although he is old, (yet) he works hard. 虽然年迈，他仍努力工作。 ② Child as he is, he knows a lot about the world. 虽然他只是个孩子，却懂得很多。 ③ No matter what you do, do it well. 无论做什么，都要做好。 ④ Try as he might, he couldn't open the door. 尽管他试了，还是打不开门。 【考点提示】as 倒装是单选高频考点；though/although 不与 but 连用；no matter + 疑问词与疑问词 + ever 的互换。 （八）方式状语从句 规则1（as）：as 意为“按照、如同”，表示行为方式。例：Do as I say. 照我说的做。 规则2（as if / as though）：as if/as though 意为“好像”：若所述情况与事实相反，从句用虚拟语气——与现在事实相反用一般过去时（be 用 were）；与过去事实相反用过去完成时；若所述情况可能属实，也可用陈述语气。 【例句】 ① He talks as if he knew everything. 他说起话来好像什么都懂。（与现在事实相反） ② She looked as though she had seen a ghost. 她看起来好像见了鬼。（与过去事实相反） 【考点提示】as if 从句虚拟语气的时态选择（were / had done）。 （九）比较状语从句 规则1（than / as...as）：than 与比较级连用，比较从句中常省略与主句相同的部分；as...as 中间用形容词/副词原级，否定用 not so/as...as。 规则2（the+比较级）：the + 比较级..., the + 比较级... 意为“越……，越……”；倍数表达：倍数 + as...as 或 倍数 + 比较级 + than。 【例句佐证】 ① This book is as interesting as that one. 这本书和那本一样有趣。 ② He runs faster than I (do). 他跑得比我快。 ③ The harder you work, the greater progress you will make. 你越努力，进步就越大。 【考点提示】as...as 中间用原级；the + 比较级句型中前后两句的主语可以不同。 ▲易错点速查表 表3 高考状语从句易错点速查表 易错点 错误示例 正确用法 though/although 与 but 连用 Although he was tired, but he kept working. Although he was tired, he kept working.（可接 yet/still） because 与 so 连用 Because it rained, so we stayed home. Because it rained, we stayed home. 主将从现缺失 If it will rain tomorrow, we will stay at home. If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home. as 让步倒装不省冠词 A child as he is, he knows a lot. Child as he is, he knows a lot. so/such 误用 There are such many books that... There are so many books that... until 与短暂动词误配 He left until 8 o'clock. He didn't leave until 8 o'clock. as if 虚拟时态错误 He talks as if he is a professor.（事实上不是） He talks as if he were a professor. no matter+疑问词误用 No matter what you do is right. Whatever you do is right. ▲写作提分句式（6 条模板） 表4 状语从句写作提分句式模板 关系 高级句式模板 示例 时间 The moment / As soon as + 从句, 主句 The moment I entered the school, I was deeply impressed by its beauty. 条件 As long as / Provided that + 从句, 主句 As long as we keep learning, we will keep growing. 让步 No matter how + 形容词/副词 + 主语 + 谓语 No matter how difficult it is, we will never give up. 原因 Now that / Since + 从句, 主句 Now that we are young, we should dream big. 目的 主句 + so that / in order that + 从句 We should protect the environment so that future generations can enjoy it. 结果 so...that / such...that The problem is so difficult that we must work together to solve it. 考点1 主将从现（时间、条件状语从句） 【规律】主句用一般将来时（或祈使句、情态动词），时间/条件状语从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时；若强调“在将来某时之前已完成”，从句可用现在完成时。 【例证】 ① If you don't hurry, you will miss the train. 若不加紧，你会误车。 ② You can keep the book as long as you like. 这本书你想借多久都行。 ③ I'll call you as soon as I finish the work. 我一完成工作就给你打电话。 【易错提醒】when 引导名词性从句或表示“就在这时”时不受主将从现限制：I don't know when he will come.（宾语从句）/ I was about to leave when he came in.（就在这时） 考点2 引导词高频辨析 【三组高频】 ① when 可接短暂性动词也可接延续性动词；while 只接延续性动词并可表“而”；as 强调同时发生或“随着”。 ② because 回答 why 的提问；since 表“既然”；as 表“由于”。 ③ 延续性动词 + until 表“直到……为止”；非延续性动词须用 not...until。 【例证】 It was the middle of the night ______ my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game.（ 答案：when。 考点3 as 引导让步状语从句的倒装 【规律】表语 / 状语 / 动词原形 + as + 主语 + 谓语；表语为名词时省略冠词。 【例证】 ① Hard as he tried, he failed again. 尽管很努力，他还是失败了。 ② Child as he is, he can solve the problem. 尽管是孩子，他能解出这道题。 考点4 not...until 的三种句式 【规律与例证】 ① 正常语序：He didn't leave until 10 o'clock. ② 部分倒装：Not until 10 o'clock did he leave. ③ 强调句型：It was not until 10 o'clock that he left. 倒装时只倒装主句；强调句型中 not until 整体提前。 考点5 固定句型 hardly...when / no sooner...than 【规律】主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时；hardly / no sooner 位于句首时，主句部分倒装。 【例证】 ① Hardly had I got home when the phone rang. 我刚到家电话就响了。 ② No sooner had we arrived than it started to rain. 我们刚到就下起雨来。 考点6 语法填空三步解题法 【三步法】 ① 判结构：空格后是一个主谓完整的句子 → 填从属连词（状语从句）。 ② 析逻辑：根据主从句之间的语义关系判断类型（时间/条件/让步/原因……）。 ③ 定连词：结合固定搭配（so...that、as long as、no matter how、not...until 等）确定具体答案。 一、单句语法填空（在空白处填入适当的从属连词） 1. ______you ride a bicycle, you don't use petrol. 2. On our way to the house, it was raining ______ hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take to get there. 3. The disagreement was ______ sharp that neither he nor I knew how to settle it. 4. It was the middle of the night ______ my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game. 5. ______ we have enough evidence, we can't win the case. 6. The company is not likely to get over the present difficulties ______ it gets more support from the government. 7. You won't know the value of health ______ you lose it. 8. ______ as he is, he has travelled all over the world. 二、语篇语法填空（每空填入一个适当的从属连词） Every year, the Spring Festival brings families together. ___1___ the New Year's Eve comes, every family member is expected to be home. Young people usually arrive ___2___ their parents have prepared a big dinner. ___3___ busy they are, they try to come back home. That is ___4___ Chinese people value family most. ___5___ the big dinner begins, the elders give lucky money to the children. Children are always excited ___6___ they receive the red envelopes. ___7___ the festival lasts only a few days, the warmth it brings lasts the whole year. ___8___ you are far away from home, remember to call your parents during the festival. ___9___ there is love, there is home. The festival reminds us that ___10___ we go, family is always our harbour. 训练 一、单项选择 1．I know that Chinese is a very difficult language, but I hope to be fluent when I ____. A．graduate B．graduation C．graduates D．graduated 2．I ________ sat down at my desk ________ the phone rang, so I had to stand up again to answer it. A．had hardly; than B．hardly; when C．hardly; than D．had hardly; when 3．By the time they got to the amusement park, the parade ______. A．has begun B．had begun C．begins D．will begin 4．I was organising my words in my head ______ the girl next to me gave me a nudge. A．then B．while C．when D．suddenly 5．He was working in the fields when he ________ something like a UFO flying in the sky. A．sees B．saw C．was seeing D．would see 6．The policeman asked me to stay ________ I stood. A．in which B．when C．at which D．where 7．—Have you found the lost child? —Not yet. But someone reported to have seen him ________ he used to play a lot. A．because B．which C．where D．when 8．Stay ________ you are. I’ll be back in a minute. A．where B．when C．as D．how 9．________ there is life, there is hope. A．When B．Which C．Where D．That 10．You can plant different kinds of flowers ________ there is plenty of sunlight. A．where B．which C．that D．what 11．________ the only way to the mountain has been blocked by snow, we have to wait till it clears up. A．Now that B．Even if C．As soon as D．As long as 12．Although many people see pressure as unpleasant, pressure is sometimes beneficial _________ it pushes people to discover their true potential. A．by which B．to which C．in that D．so that 13．________ sharing economy can make use of resources more conveniently, the approach has become popular in society. A．Unless B．Because C．If D．Although 14．________ the theme of the Expo was to promote cultural exchange and strengthen mutual cooperation between the countries along the Silk Road, Dunhuang was the ideal place. A．Given that B．Even though C．As if D．The moment 15．_______  the Yan’an Revolutionary Memorial Hall has a rich collection of historical records, you can learn a lot about our heroes’ great efforts here. A．In case B．Given that C．For fear of D．As though 16．________ makes the books so important is ________ they appeal to readers of all ages, they create a special literary bond between parents and children. A．As; because B．It; that C．What; that because D．It; because 17．I always get up early ________ I can get to school on time. A．as long as B．because of C．even though D．so that 18．The English teacher advised us to read more English novels, ________ we can improve our vocabulary and learn about different cultures. A．so that B．even though C．as if D．in case 19．Linda takes extra reading classes every weekend ______ she can improve her English quickly. A．so that B．in case C．as though D．even though 20．You’d better take notes ______ you might miss some key points during the lecture. A．so that B．now that C．in case D．as long as 21．Many people choose to work overtime ______ they can earn more money to support their families. A．even if B．in case C．so that D．as though 22．It was ________ a tough game ________ he almost fell apart. A．so; that B．such; that C．so; as D．such; as 23． Tom was so unprepared for his first run ________ he hurt himself and ________ the race halfway. A．that; had to quit B．that; had quit C．which; had to quit D．which; had quit 24．He was ________ to hear the news that he couldn’t say a word. A．too glad B．so glad C．very glad D．glad enough 25．She is ________ a helpful girl ________ all of us want to make friends with her. A．too; to B．enough; to C．so; that D．such; that 26．He shared ________ clear advice ________ we learned a lot from his speech. A．such a; that B．so; that C．such; that 27．You can make progress ________ you stick to regular exercise. A．as soon as B．as long as C．even though D．as though 28．Companies that process data cannot refuse to provide services to users who don’t agree to having their data collected __________ that data is necessary for the provision (提供) of the product or service. A．while B．even C．until D．unless 29．The little boy was allowed to go swimming ________ he kept near the other boys. A．on condition that B．in case C．now that D．by the time 30．Difficulty is temporary. ________ we work together, the obstacles will be overcome and we are sure to have a bright future. A．As long as B．In case C．As though D．Even if 31．No matter ________ difficulties we meet, we must protect our cultural treasure. A．what B．that C．which D．how 32．________ you meet in the coming competition, keep calm and stick to your own plan. A．Wherever B．However C．Whenever D．Whatever 33．_______ our hobbies, the Internet can connect us with others who also enjoy doing them. A．However B．How C．What D．Whatever 34．________ he was very tired, ________ he didn’t stop working. A．Although; but B．Although; / C．Because; so D．Because; / 35．This can ________ curious situations, ________ it did in the case of Alfred Bloggs. A．give in to; as B．give way to; which C．give rise to; as D．give up on; which 36．Only empty cups can hold most water, so learn ________ you knew nothing. A．rather than B．as if C．ever since D．so that 37．Our maths teacher is still talking with a smile on his face, ______ nothing embarrassing has happened. A．even if B．as if C．now that D．so that 38．The ________ you understand history, the ________ you appreciate our language. A．better; more B．more; better C．much; good D．good; much 39．The ________ you study, the ________ progress you will make. A．harder; greater B．more hard; more great C．harder; great D．hard; greater 40．He speaks English more fluently than __________ when he first started learning it at school. A．does he B．he does C．did he D．he did 二、翻译 41．我记得你像他那么大的时候，你曾说你想当职业足球运动员。（汉译英） __________________________________________________ 42．看到数学卷子上的成绩的那一刻，我惊得下巴掉在了地上。（汉译英） ________________________________________________ 43．我一到家就下起了大雨。（Hardly...when...）(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 44．哪里有充足的阳光和雨水，哪里的田地就绿油油的。（汉译英） _______________________________________________________ 45．我由衷地嫉妒他过着舒适而体面的生活。(汉译英) _______________________________________________________ 46．正是因为Lily汉语流利，她才申请成为交换生。（It was... that...）（汉译英） ___________________________________________________________ 47．老师建议我们广泛阅读，因为这不仅可以丰富我们的知识，还可以开阔我们的眼界。(汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________________________. 48．我会找到一个让自己提高球技的方法，这样明年我就能加入球队了。（汉译英） __________________________________________________________________ 49．我们应该提前制定详细计划，以便按时完成任务。（汉译英） __________________________________________________________________________________ 50．我们应当合理规划时间，以便高效学习、充实自己的日常生活。（目的状语从句）（汉译英） _____________________________________________________________ 51．我们每天坚持阅读，是为了拓宽自己的视野。（so that）(汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________________ 52．他对科学痴迷不已，自大学毕业以来一直坚定不移地探索科学前沿。(so…that) __________________________________________________________________ 53．我一直专注于控制聚会，以至于在这段困难时期，我没有考虑到托比对我弟弟有多重要。(汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________ 54．如果你能学会看到自己身上的优点，你很快就会开始爱上本来的自己。（汉译英） ________________________________________________________________ 55．如果你压力大到无法专心学习，你最好做一些运动。（too…to）(汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________ 56．即使自己也经历过多次拒稿，那位作家仍耐心鼓励年轻作者继续写作，真是她的体贴之处。（It is + adj. + of sb to do）（汉译英） ________________________________________________________________ 57．我轻松自信地跑着比赛，尽管自己的极限正受到前所未有的考验。(even though) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 58．他意识到，做正确的事永远重要——无论代价如何。（汉译英） ______________________________________________________________________________ 59．这个决定比看起来要复杂得多。(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________ 60．你京剧听得越多，就越能理解为什么它是一个值得代代相传的国之瑰宝。(the more... the more) （汉译英） __________________________________________________________________________ 一、阅读理解 A DeepSeek: Pioneering the Future of Intelligent Solutions In the age of rapid technological development, DeepSeek has become a pioneer in artificial intelligence (AI) and data analytics. It was founded to help industries make intelligent decisions. DeepSeek focuses on creating advanced AI platforms to boost efficiency and productivity in fields like finance, healthcare, education, and logistics. DeepSeek uses advanced technologies such as machine learning, natural language processing (NLP), and predictive analytics. Its main product, an AI data analysis platform, helps organizations handle large amounts of data in real-time. It can generate useful insights and automate decision-making. For example, in healthcare, DeepSeek’s algorithms can diagnose diseases more accurately. In finance, its tools can predict market trends and reduce risks. What makes DeepSeek special is its focus on adaptability and ethical AI. The company tries to create transparent AI models that users can trust. Its “Adaptive Learning Framework” allows systems to change according to new data, staying useful in changing situations. Since its start, DeepSeek has received much praise. Industry leaders like its ability to turn AI theory into practical uses. A CFO from a big company said it cut their operational costs by 30% and improved forecasting. Healthcare workers also like how it reduces diagnostic errors. But DeepSeek’s success has also started discussions about AI ethics and workforce changes. In the future, DeepSeek plans to work with educational institutions to train AI talent and start community projects to solve problems like climate change. As its CEO said, they want AI to bring progress, not just profit. DeepSeek shows the bright future of AI, and it’s ready to change the way industries work. 1．What can we learn from Paragraph 2 about DeepSeek’s AI platform? A．It focuses exclusively on the improvement of medical diagnosis. B．It turns massive real-time data into support for decision-making. C．It has managed to eliminate financial risks for related companies. D．Its operation depends little on machine-learning technologies. 2．The underlined phrase “Adaptive Learning Framework” in Paragraph 3 suggests the system’s ________. A．ability to adjust itself to changing circumstances B．determination to stick to its original operating rules C．ambition to gain wide recognition from the public D．potential to bring instant profit for its investors 3．What does Paragraph 4 mainly convey concerning DeepSeek? A．Its practical achievements bring both praise and reflection. B．Its success has settled long-existing AI ethical arguments. C．Financial circles speak much higher of it than medical workers. D．It helps businesses cut costs chiefly through staff reduction. 4．What can be inferred about DeepSeek’s future plans? A．It will only focus on making profits in the AI industry. B．It has no intention to cooperate with educational institutions. C．It will stop developing technologies related to healthcare and finance. D．It aims to use AI to solve social problems beyond just industrial needs. B Cornell researchers have developed a new glove called EdemaFlex to reduce swelling for people suffering from edema (水肿). The glove has more than 30 actuators across the fingers and palm. It’s the latest version of the technology from Cindy Kao, associate professor of human centered design in the College of Human Ecology, who previously developed KnitDema, which used gentle pressure to reduce swelling in one finger. Later, she developed MediKnit, a better way to make soft medical devices. “The lower extremities have always been part of our goal,” Kao said. “We’re also thinking about it in terms of women’s health and in other body locations. We definitely see a lot of potential.” EdemaFlex works by giving pressure from the ends of the fingers toward the palm and wrist. This helps move fluid out of the swollen hand. The pressure can be changed to meet the needs of different patients. One challenge was deciding how to place the parts of the glove without affecting the systems that carry blood and fluid in the hand. “Clinicians help to identify specific patient needs based on their individual condition and reason for hand swelling,” said Dr. Joan Stilling, a professor at Weill Cornell Medicine. “Dr. Kao and her team bring advanced techniques and testable prototypes (样机) with visual feedback to the clinic. Our strong partnership allows for the optimization of the devices that are easily used, effective and address real-world problems.” The researchers tested the glove with seven people over three days, including a one-day home-based trial. Clinicians conducted fittings with each patient and sent measurements back to the lab via a software design platform. Over the course of the study, most participants experienced a 3% to 5% reduction in hand volume, although one participant had a 25% reduction. “We got some results,” Kao said. “They responded very favorably in terms of thermal safety, and the ease of being able to just wear something and not have to go to a doctor’s office for treatment.” 5．What does the author try to explain in paragraph 2? A．How doctors test EdemaFlex. B．Why the treatment for edema is costly. C．Why patients with edema prefer home treatment. D．How the technology from Kao and her team has developed. 6．What does the underlined word “optimization” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Invention. B．Copy. C．Improvement. D．Failure. 7．Which can best describe the result of the test? A．Amusing. B．Unreliable. C．Unexpected. D．Encouraging. 8．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A．A Smart Glove for Everyday Hand Care B．A Soft-robotic Glove for Swelling Relief C．A Medical Device for Better Blood Flow D．A Creative Method of Caring for the Elderly C How do you study each day? You may answer it in one second: have classes at school, take notes and do homework. Feeling a little bored? There are other ways that can make learning interesting and varied. It’s called digital learning. Digital learning is a way to help students learn by using the Internet. There are three important kinds of digital learning. Apps are computer software applications (应用). People can download them on their mobiles. The other two kinds are social networking services, including Weibo and WeChat and websites. Every one of them is like your teacher. They help you master what you learn at school. Compared with traditional learning ways, digital learning has its advantages. Digital learning is also varied. It covers almost every school subject. More importantly, it always offers students the newest resources (资源) to learn from. Digital learning is also personalized. You can choose what you like to learn. If you don’t master what you have learned at school, you can learn again through digital ways. However, digital learning also has disadvantages. When you use digital ways to learn, you’ve got little chance of talking with teachers or classmates. As digital learning uses computers or smartphones, watching the screen too long may be bad for your eyes. It is better to take a rest every 20 minutes. 9．How do students usually study every day according to the passage? A．Having classes at school and using online tools at home. B．Having classes at school, taking notes and doing homework. C．Learning through digital ways and having classes in the classroom. D．Having classes, taking notes and doing homework at school. 10．The underlined word “personalized” in Paragraph 4 probably means ________. A．全面的 B．个性化的 C．高效的 D．被动的 11．What is the problem of digital learning? A．You can’t communicate with your classmates or teachers. B．You have to use both computers and smartphones. C．You can’t decide what you want to learn by yourself. D．It’s impossible to learn from the newest resources. 12．How can you protect your eyes when learning in digital ways? A．Try to take a rest for 20 minutes when watching the screen. B．Try to use traditional ways to learn as often as possible. C．Try to take a break every 20 minutes if possible. D．Try to learn through digital ways less than 2 hours a day. D The decision to delay (延迟) morning arrival times in Nanjing has caused a wide discussion about how to balance students’ study needs with their health. While some people support the change, others worry about its possible influences. Supporters of the policy argue that sleep is very important for teenagers’ growth. They point out that students who do not get enough sleep often feel tired, worried, or unable to focus. In contrast, well-rested students are more likely to take an active part in class and perform better in exams. Some experts also note that a good breakfast plays an important role in students’ health and learning. With a later start time, students can have enough time to eat well and prepare for the day. People who disagree with the policy, however, express worries about the influence on study results. They argue that to decrease morning study time may cause lower grades, especially for students who need more practice or review. Some parents worry that students will become lazy if they do not have to get up early. They also question whether schools can really improve classroom efficiency (效率). To better study the influences of the new schedule, government education departments in Nanjing plan to get feedback from students, parents, and teachers over the next few months. They will record changes in students’ sleep quality, attendance rates (出勤率), and study results. If the final results show that the policy is good, it may be put into practice in more schools. If problems show up, some changes may be made. In the long run, experts suggest that improving students’ health needs the efforts of schools, families, and society. Schools should not only change schedules but also improve teaching quality. Parents should help their children develop good sleep habits and create a quiet environment at home. Students themselves should learn to manage their time wisely and avoid staying up late. Only in this way can the goal of decreasing study pressure and improving quality be truly realized. 13．What do supporters of the policy believe? A．Students should get up as early as possible. B．Sleep is not important for study. C．Well-rested students are more able to learn better. D．After-school activities are more important than sleep. 14．What will Nanjing’s education departments do with the new schedule? A．They will make changes right away. B．They plan to get feedback from students, parents, and more. C．They will do nothing because they think it’s a good policy . D．They try to improve students’ sleep quality and study results. 15．What can we learn from the passage? A．The policy will be put into practice in all schools in Nanjing. B．Schools play a more important role than families in students’ health. C．Schools should help students develop good sleep habits. D．The new schedule may be changed because of future results. 16．What is the passage mainly about? A．The advantages of delayed school start times. B．The reasons for students’ sleep problems. C．The importance of after-school activities. D．The discussion about delayed school start times and their influences. 二、完形填空 When a mom met trouble on Christmas Eve, a stranger came and worked some serious holiday magic. It was 1:00 a.m. Christmas morning, but Marisa still faced the 17 of Christmas Eve. Her 4-year-old daughter Aubree had long 18 for a real piano keyboard as her Christmas gift. After Aubree fell asleep, Marisa took out the parcel box and opened it, only to 19 that it held just the stand (琴架) and bench. The keyboard was sold 20 . Panic 21 her. She could imagine how 22 Aubree would feel seeing no keyboard. She tried online shopping and nearby stores, but had no 23 . Desperately, she 24 a neighborhood online group for help, saying she feared the Christmas surprise would be 25 . Andy Spencer, who lives 5 miles from Marisa, read her message before going to bed. He 26 an old keyboard at home which his daughter seldom used. He woke his daughter Hailey up to ask her whether she was willing to 27 the keyboard. Hailey was eager to help. Spencer immediately messaged Marisa and they 28 to meet near Marisa’s home. Soon the Spencers arrived and handed over the keyboard. Marisa wanted to pay, but Andy 29 the money. All he hoped for was a photo of the happy girl. Hours later, Aubree jumped with joy at the keyboard and her face 30 up. That night, Marisa truly believed in the warm Christmas 31 brought by a kind stranger. 17．A．puzzle B．chance C．risk D．trouble 18．A．prepared B．cared C．wished D．waited 19．A．discover B．admit C．promise D．suspect 20．A．particularly B．separately C．distinctly D．naturally 21．A．guided B．cured C．seized D．followed 22．A．calm B．proud C．curious D．upset 23．A．result B．luck C．help D．direction 24．A．looked for B．called on C．turned to D．broke into 25．A．ruined B．hidden C．forgotten D．wasted 26．A．doubted B．recalled C．reported D．proved 27．A．give away B．put up C．take away D．clear up 28．A．happened B．continued C．pretended D．agreed 29．A．accepted B．refused C．collected D．counted 30．A．tore B．rolled C．lit D．opened 31．A．spirit B．wisdom C．memory D．habit 三、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The China Coal Mine Art Troupe (文工团) recently presented a stage show called “Old Drunk Dream” at the 79th Edinburgh Festival Fringe. So far, it 32 (receive) warm comments from international audiences. It tells traditional Chinese stories with modern artistic skills. “Old Drunk Dream” follows a modern proofreader (校对员) 33 meets Liu Ling, the ancient Chinese poet and one of the famous Seven Sages of the Bamboo Grove (竹林七贤), 34 (know) for his love of wine. Over drinks, the two have a poetic talk about anxiety and the pressures of a fast-paced world. This show makes 35 possible that audiences wander freely across various scene areas while watching the performance, 36 (connect) the past and the present. This show 37 (deep) explores the meaning of “being drunk” and “being awake” and shows people’s wish for inner peace and 38 (free). Using “being drunk” as a 39 (create) idea, the actor shows deep inner pain and self-reflection. The troupe recommends that every viewer should reflect 40 their real emotions and get along with themselves well after the show. Bringing young creators to international stages like the Edinburgh Festival Fringe 41 (provide) both a stage for presenting Chinese stories overseas and a practical training ground for theater talents. This approach allows young creators to showcase their work to international audiences, gain firsthand experience and broaden their horizons. 四、书信写作 假定你是李华，你校英语俱乐部计划举办年度英语演讲比赛，现提供两个备选主题：“致敬科学先驱”与“畅想人工智能未来”。请你给俱乐部负责老师Mr. Smith写一封邮件，推荐其中一个主题，内容包括： 1．你推荐的主题； 2．你的推荐理由。 参考词汇：致敬科学先驱 Paying Tribute to Scientific Pioneers 畅想人工智能未来 Envisioning the Future of Artificial Intelligence 注意： 1．写作词数100左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡上的相应位置作答。 Dear Mr. Smith, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $