专题03 阅读理解-【题型易-必考题型精练】2026-2027学年七年级上册英语期中考 满分冲刺考前梯度特训（人教版）

考前特训 专题03 阅读理解 期中考满分冲刺（广东专用） 姓名：___________班级：___________座号：___________ 内容提要 题型分析 解题指导 集中突破 一、题型定位 “阅读理解”是期中考试中分值最高、阅读量最大的题型：本次特训每篇短文 112–184 词，配 5 道题，四个选项。它考的不是“认不认识每个词”，而是三种能力——能不能快速定位信息、能不能根据上下文推断、能不能抓住篇章主旨。广东卷的阅读题一向“细节为主、推断为辅”，答案基本都能在原文中找到依据，关键在找得快、找得准。 二、命题形式与题量 以“短文 + 5 题”的形式呈现，每篇 5 题；本次特训共 8 篇、40 题，正文词数在 112–184 词之间。体裁覆盖图表信息卡（新生自我介绍）、记叙文（全家福、农场参观、笔友巧遇）、说明文（英文姓氏的来源、美国学校生活）与人物介绍；题目以细节题为主，兼考词义猜测、标题主旨、推理正误、段落结构与句子还原。 三、核心考点分布（基于本次特训 40 题梳理） 通过逐题梳理本次特训的 40 道题，考点集中在以下七类： （1）细节理解题（16 题，约占 40%）：占比最高。直接询问人物、地点、数量、职业、喜好等文中明写的信息，如 Tom 最喜欢的食物、Peter 有几只小鸡、妈妈在哪里工作。 （2）推理判断与正误辨析（8 题，约占 20%）：Which of the following is TRUE / NOT true、What can we know from the passage 一类，需要把四个选项逐一代回原文核对。 （3）主旨大意与最佳标题（4 题，约占 10%）：What is the best title / What is the passage about，干扰项常“以偏概全”（拿某一段的细节冒充全文主旨）。 （4）词义猜测题（4 题，约占 10%）：The word “…” means “…” in Chinese / The underlined word means，靠前后句的同义解释或举例判断。 （5）段落大意与篇章结构（4 题，约占 10%）：What is paragraph 4 about、What is the right structure of the passage，考查对文章脉络的把握。 （6）句子还原题（2 题，约占 5%）：Which can we put in “▲”，看空格前后的指代与逻辑衔接。 （7）组合式判断题（2 题，约占 5%）：Which sentences are true? ①②③ 一类，或把人物关系（good friends / cousins / penfriends）配对，需要逐条判断再组合。 四、难度与趋势 整体难度中等：文章短、生词少，但题量集中在“找信息”上，拼的是速度与细心。近年趋势有三点：一是**图表与多模态文本**增多（信息卡、结构图），要求会读非连贯文本；二是**推断题比重上升**，答案不再原词照抄，而要绕一个弯；三是出现**句子还原与篇章结构**题，考查对上下文衔接的把握。练好“题干关键词→原文定位→比对选项”这条链路，是本专题最核心的提分点。 一、四步解题法 第一步：先读题干，圈关键词。做前先把 5 道题的疑问词（who / what / where / how many / why）和专有名词（人名、地名、数字）圈出来，带着问题去读文章。 第二步：速读全文，抓体裁与结构。先判断是叙事还是说明，弄清每段大概讲什么；遇到图表、信息卡，先看清表头与项目名。 第三步：逐题定位，回到原文找依据。绝大多数答案都能在原文找到对应句；找到后把原句与四个选项逐词比对，选“与原文最吻合”的那一个，而不是“看起来最合理”的那一个。 第四步：主旨与推断题最后做。这类题需要通篇理解，等细节题做完、文章读熟了再回头定夺；排除法优先剔除“以偏概全”和“无中生有”的选项。 二、结合本次特训题目的实战点拨 【点拨1】细节理解（定位＋比对）——以 Passage 1 题 1 为例：题干问 Tom 最喜欢的食物是什么。以 Tom 与 favourite food 为关键词回到信息卡 Tom 那一格，原文写 “My favourite food is Beijing roast duck”，与选项 C 完全一致，故选 C。提示：细节题不要凭印象选，四个选项往往都在文中出现过——文中同时有 hot pot（Lisa）、noodles（Emma），只有划出对应那一句，才不会张冠李戴。 【点拨2】细节题中的数字与数量——以 Passage 4 题 3 为例：题干问 Peter 有几只小鸡。原文写 “How many baby chickens are there? Let’s count. One, two, three...twelve chickens.”，逐一数下来是 12 只，故选 A；文中另有 twelve cows（12 头奶牛），正是最容易误选的“同数干扰”。提示：数字题一定要确认这个数字**修饰的是哪个名词**，把数字和它后面的名词一起划出来。 【点拨3】词义猜测——以 Passage 4 题 1 为例：原文开头写 “I have many animals and grow some plants.”，grow 的宾语是 plants（植物），能与之搭配的动作只有“种植”，故选 A（plant）。提示：猜词义先看搭配对象——动词看宾语、名词看修饰语；再看前后有没有同义解释、举例或转折（such as、that is、but）。 【点拨4】最佳标题（防“以偏概全”）——以 Passage 2 题 5 为例：原文首句便点题 “Here is a photo of my family.”，全文围绕这张全家福依次介绍祖父母、父母与兄弟，因此故选 B（My Family Photo）；A 范围不对，C、D 只讲了文中一个细节。提示：标题题要能“罩住”全文——把各段大意加起来再看选项，只覆盖一段内容的选项一律排除。 【点拨5】推理判断——以 Passage 3 题 1 为例：原文写 “If a person is a cook (厨师), his last name may be Cook.”，讲的是英国姓氏可来自职业；题干说的是 a man（男士），所以用 Mr 配姓氏 Cook，故选 C。提示：推理题的答案都能在文中找到依据，只是需要绕一步（职业→姓氏、住在山上→姓 Hill）；题干里的性别、单复数等限定词，常常就是排除干扰项的关键。 【点拨6】正误辨析（NOT true 别看错）——以 Passage 4 题 5 为例：题干要求选出**不正确**的一项。原文写 “The geese and ducks are swimming in the water.”，说明鸭和鹅在水里游；而选项 B 说它们在树下，与原文矛盾，故选 B。提示：看到 NOT true / EXCEPT 先圈出来——这类题选的是“错误”的那一项，做完务必回头确认自己选的确实与原文不符。 【点拨7】句子还原（看指代与衔接）——以 Passage 8 题 2 为例：空格后文是 “You are my good friend. And you are my cousin’s penfriend too.”，可见 Jack 刚发现 Tom 的表哥 Jim 正是自己的笔友，这种意外巧合正对应 Oh, what a coincidence，且与后文的惊喜语气衔接，故选 B。提示：句子还原题看三件事——空格前后的指代（it / he / they 指谁）、逻辑关系（因果还是转折）以及语气是否一致（惊喜、遗憾、建议）。 【点拨8】段落大意与篇章结构——以 Passage 5 题 3 为例：第四段原文写 “After school, most students go to different after-school activities”，整段讲的是放学后的活动，对应 After-school activities，故选 B；Buildings 是第一段的内容，属于“张冠李戴”。提示：段落大意题只读那一段的首句与末句即可定位；结构题则先数清段落数量，再看是“总—分”“分—总”还是并列。 三、易错提醒 • 题干圈关键词再回原文定位，别凭印象选；四个选项常都在文中出现，只有一项与题干问的对象对得上。 • 数字题确认数字修饰的是哪个名词，别被文中同数不同物的信息带偏。 • 看到 NOT true / EXCEPT 先圈出来，选的是“错误”的那一项，做完回头确认。 • 标题题防“以偏概全”：只覆盖一段内容的选项一律排除。 • 猜词义先看搭配对象（动词看宾语），再找前后的同义解释或举例。 • 主旨与推断题放到最后做，等全文读熟再用排除法定夺。 Passage 1 This is the first English lesson for Class 1, Grade 7. The students get to know each other. Here is the information about Group (小组) One. Name: Tom Age: 13 Hobby: guitar I live in Beijing with my big family and my pet dog. My favourite food is Beijing roast duck. I play the guitar in our school band. Name: Lisa Age: 12 Hobby: tennis I live in Beijing with my parents and my brother. My favourite sport is tennis. My favourite food is hot pot. Name: David Age: 13 Hobby: piano I love music, and I can play the piano well. There is a farm behind my house. I like planting there. My favourite food is noodles. Name: Tom Age: 13 Hobby: guitar I live in Beijing with my big family and my pet dog. My favourite food is Beijing roast duck. I play the guitar in our school band. Name: Lisa Age: 12 Hobby: tennis I live in Beijing with my parents and my brother. My favourite sport is tennis. My favourite food is hot pot. Name: Emma Age: 12 Hobby: ping-pong I have a twin sister. Her name is Sarah. We both love ping-pong. I love animals and I have a pet rabbit. Mapo tofu is my favourite food. Name: David Age: 13 Hobby: piano I love music, and I can play the piano well. There is a farm behind my house. I like planting there. My favourite food is noodles. 1．What is Tom’s favourite food? A．Mapo tofu. B．Noodles. C．Beijing roast duck. D．Hot pot. 2．How many people are there in Lisa’s family? A．3. B．4. C．5. D．6. 3．What pet does Emma have? A． B． C． D． 4．What is David’s hobby? A．Playing the piano. B．Playing tennis. C．Playing the guitar. D．Playing ping-pong. 5．What do we know from the reading? A．David’s house is behind a farm. B．Lisa and Emma are the same age. C．Tom and David are in the school band. D．There are three students in Group One. Passage 2 My name is Zhu Wenwen and I am twelve. Here is a photo of my family. Look at the old man and the old woman in the middle. They are my grandparents. They are 70 years old and they are very healthy. The man on the left is my father. He is a driver. The woman next to him is my mother. She works in a shop. The boy in front of them is my brother, Zhu Wenbin. He is nine and he is in Grade 3. Where am I? I am next to my mother, and I am in a red dress. We have a cat, Mimi. It is in the photo, too! We live in a small house near a park. I love my family. 1．How old is Zhu Wenwen? A．Nine. B．Ten. C．Twelve. D．Thirteen. 2．Zhu Wenwen’s father is a ________. A．driver B．teacher C．cook D．worker 3．Where does Zhu Wenwen’s mother work? A．In a school. B．In a shop. C．In a hospital. D．In a library. 4．The word “healthy” means (意思是) “________” in Chinese. A．健康的 B．忙碌的 C．年轻的 D．严厉的 5．What is the best title (标题) for the passage? A．My School B．My Family Photo C．A Nice Cat D．My Brother Passage 3 Everyone has a family name. In China, the family name is before (在……前面) the first name, but in England the family name is behind the first name. Do you know how English people get their family names? And what do they mean (意思是)? Where do family names come from? English people usually get their family names in these ways. Some family names come from the places of their homes. If a man lives on a hill, his family name may be Hill. In England, people’s names may be (可能是) Wood or Lake, because they live near the woods (树林) or a lake. Some family names come from a person’s job. If a person is a cook (厨师), his last name may be Cook. And many people get their family names from their fathers’ names. If you hear the family name “Jackson”, you know that he is Jack’s son. 1．If a man is a cook, he may be _________. A．Mr Jackson B．Mrs Jackson C．Mr Cook D．Mrs Cook 2．Bob's friend is Alan Hill, so maybe his home is _________. A．near the woods B．near a lake C．on a hill D．near a school 3．Which of the following (下面哪个) is right? A．Wood is a first name in England . B．The last name is the family name in England. C．Lake is an interesting job. D．Cook is a place or a good job. 4．What is the best title (标题) of this passage? A．Names in China and England B．Nice names in England C．English people's first names D．Family names of English people 5．What is the right structure (结构) of the passage? A． B． C． D． Passage 4 Hello, I’m Peter. Welcome to my farm. I have many animals and grow some plants. Let me show you around. Look at the animals. They are cows, sheep, and horses. They all like eating grass. I have twelve cows. They are black and white. The horses have different colours. I like a little red horse best. Where is it? Oh, it’s behind its mum. Look at the small lake. The geese and ducks are swimming in the water. Some trees are around the lake. Some baby chickens are playing under a big tree. How many baby chickens are there? Let’s count. One, two, three...twelve chickens. Now it’s time for lunch. There are some potatoes, carrots, and fish, eggs, and so on (等等). They are all from my farm. They are fresh (新鲜的), healthy, and delicious. It’s a great farm. Do you think so? 1．The underlined (加下划线的) word “grow” means “________”. A．plant B．eat C．wait D．need 2．Where is the little red horse? A．Under the tree. B．Around the pool. C．Behind its mum. D．In the lake. 3．How many baby chickens does Peter have? A．12. B．20. C．32. D．2. 4．Where is the food for lunch from? A．From the shop. B．From the pool. C．From the trees. D．From the farm. 5．Which of the following is NOT true (下面哪项表述不正确)? A．Three kinds of animals on the farm like eating grass. B．The ducks and geese are under a tree. C．The food for lunch is fresh, healthy, and delicious. D．The horses on the farm have different colours. Passage 5 Do you know what an American school is like? There are some buildings in it: the classroom building, the science building, the sports building, the dining hall and the library. Every school has a big playground too. There are a lot of trees and flowers in some schools, so they look like parks. There are 20 or 30 students in a class. In the classroom, students sit in groups (组). There are 5 or 6 students in a group. In the classroom, every student has a locker (锁柜). They can put their books and clothes in it. Every day, students have six or seven classes. They study science, maths, English and other subjects. They go to different classrooms for every subject. That’s because every teacher has his/ her classroom. The school day finishes early in the afternoon. After school, most students go to different after-school activities, such as sports games and different kinds of club activities. 1．Why do some schools in America look like parks? A．Because there are many buildings. B．Because there are lots of trees and flowers. C．Because there is a big playground. D．Because students can play sports. 2．How do American students sit in a classroom? A．In groups. B．Alone. C．In a line. D．In a circle. 3．What is paragraph 4 (第四段) about? A．Subjects. B．After-school activities. C．Buildings in a school. D．Teachers in schools. 4．What do most students do after school? A．Go home. B．Go to after-school activities. C．Do sports. D．Go to different classrooms. 5．Which sentences are true? A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①②④ D．①③④ Passage 6 What’s an American school like? There are some buildings in it, two classroom buildings, an office building, a science building, a sports hall, a dining hall and a big library. Every school has a big playground too. There are lots of trees and flowers in it, so some schools look like parks. Many students like to read under trees. There are 20 or 30 students in a class. In the classroom, five or six students sit together as a group. Every student has a box. They can place their books and clothes in it. Students have six or seven classes every day. They study science, math, English and other lessons. Students go to different classrooms for every class. That’s because every teacher has his or her own classroom. The school day finishes early in the afternoon. Most students join different after school activities like sports games after school. Every student lives a busy but interesting school life. 1．Why do some schools in America look like parks? A．Because there are many buildings. B．Because students can play sports. C．Because there is a big playground. D．Because there are lots of trees and flowers. 2．How many students usually sit together in a group in the classroom? A．2 or 3 B．5 or 6 C．6 or 7 D．20 or 30 3．What does the underlined word “place” mean in English? A．put B．leave C．read D．find 4．What can we learn from the passage? A．Every school has a park. B．Students have four classes every day. C．The school day finishes early in the afternoon. D．Students go to the same classroom for every class. 5．What’s the best title (标题) for the passage? A．Lessons in America B．Schools in America C．Buildings in America D．After-school activities in America. Passage 7 Boys and girls, we have a new student here. She is Gu Ailing. Let’s welcome! Good morning, boys and girls. Nice to meet you in the US. I am Gu Ailing. I am twenty-two years old. I am Chinese. My mother is Chinese, too. She is a ski instructor (滑雪教练). My father is from the US. Ailing is my first name. Gu is my last name. Ling is my aunt’s name too. ▲ Yes! I have two last names. Feng is my grandma’s last name and Gu is my mother’s last name. My grandparents are from Shanghai, China. Look! I have a picture of my grandma and me. My grandma was an engineer (工程师). My grandpa can play football very well. They live in Beijing, China now. I think that there are four things for you to succeed (成功). You should sleep for 10 hours and eat well. And you should love the things. At last, you should complete one thing before you start to do the next one. Don’t do them at the same time. That’s all. Thank you! 1．Who’s Gu Ailing? A．A football player. B．A student. C．A teacher. D．An engineer. 2．Which of the following can we put in “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 3? A．My pet cat’s name is Coco. B．That is my full name. C．My English name is Eileen Feng Gu. D．She is my mother’s sister. 3．Where do Gu’s grandparents live? A．In the US. B．In Shanghai. C．In Beijing. D．In the UK. 4．What does the underlined word “complete” in the passage mean? A．Learn. B．Help. C．Count. D．Finish. 5．Which is the best title of the passage? A．My Hobbies B．Different Jobs C．My Name D．My Family and I Passage 8 On Friday afternoon, Tom meets his good friend Jack and says, “Jack, can you come to my home after school? I want you to meet my cousin. He loves the same ball game as you. “ Jack says happily, “Sure. “ When they get to Tom’s home, it’s about 5:45 p. m. Tom’s cousin Jim is in the living room. He is watching a basketball game on TV. Tom says to him, “Jim, this is my good friend Jack. “ Jim says to Jack, “Hi, Jack! Nice to meet you. I’m Jim. “ “Nice to meet you too, Jim,” Jack says. “You know what? I have a penfriend called Jim. He’s from Wuhan,” says Jack. “Oh, really? What’s his last name?” asks Jim. “Brown.” “Really? I am Jim Brown and I am from Wuhan,” Jim says. “And I have a penfriend here. His name is Jack Miller. His favourite number is eight and he likes playing basketball best. His birthday is on June 12th. “ Hearing this, Tom says to Jack, “________. You are my good friend. And you are my cousin’s penfriend too. “ 1．What does Jack go to Tom’s home for? A．Watching TV. B．Playing basketball. C．Meeting Tom’s cousin. D．Playing computer games. 2．Which of the following can we put in the ________? A．Oh, have a good day. B．Oh, what a coincidence. C．Oh, what a mess. D．Oh, what good friends. 3．What is Jack’s favourite sport? A．Basketball. B．Football. C．Volleyball. D．Ping‑pong. 4．Which of the following is TRUE? A．①‑good friends; ②‑cousins; ③‑penfriends B．①‑penfriends; ②‑cousins; ③‑good friends C．①‑cousins; ②‑good friends; ③‑penfriends D．①‑good friends; ②‑penfriends; ③‑cousins 5．What can we know from the passage? A．Jack sees Jim in the morning. B．Jim likes the number eight best. C．Jim and Jack love the same ball game. D．Jim has a penfriend from Wuhan. 18 / 18乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $考前特训 专题03 阅读理解 期中考满分冲刺（广东专用） 姓名：___________班级：___________座号：___________ 内容提要 题型分析 解题指导 集中突破 一、题型定位 “阅读理解”是期中考试中分值最高、阅读量最大的题型：本次特训每篇短文 112–184 词，配 5 道题，四个选项。它考的不是“认不认识每个词”，而是三种能力——能不能快速定位信息、能不能根据上下文推断、能不能抓住篇章主旨。广东卷的阅读题一向“细节为主、推断为辅”，答案基本都能在原文中找到依据，关键在找得快、找得准。 二、命题形式与题量 以“短文 + 5 题”的形式呈现，每篇 5 题；本次特训共 8 篇、40 题，正文词数在 112–184 词之间。体裁覆盖图表信息卡（新生自我介绍）、记叙文（全家福、农场参观、笔友巧遇）、说明文（英文姓氏的来源、美国学校生活）与人物介绍；题目以细节题为主，兼考词义猜测、标题主旨、推理正误、段落结构与句子还原。 三、核心考点分布（基于本次特训 40 题梳理） 通过逐题梳理本次特训的 40 道题，考点集中在以下七类： （1）细节理解题（16 题，约占 40%）：占比最高。直接询问人物、地点、数量、职业、喜好等文中明写的信息，如 Tom 最喜欢的食物、Peter 有几只小鸡、妈妈在哪里工作。 （2）推理判断与正误辨析（8 题，约占 20%）：Which of the following is TRUE / NOT true、What can we know from the passage 一类，需要把四个选项逐一代回原文核对。 （3）主旨大意与最佳标题（4 题，约占 10%）：What is the best title / What is the passage about，干扰项常“以偏概全”（拿某一段的细节冒充全文主旨）。 （4）词义猜测题（4 题，约占 10%）：The word “…” means “…” in Chinese / The underlined word means，靠前后句的同义解释或举例判断。 （5）段落大意与篇章结构（4 题，约占 10%）：What is paragraph 4 about、What is the right structure of the passage，考查对文章脉络的把握。 （6）句子还原题（2 题，约占 5%）：Which can we put in “▲”，看空格前后的指代与逻辑衔接。 （7）组合式判断题（2 题，约占 5%）：Which sentences are true? ①②③ 一类，或把人物关系（good friends / cousins / penfriends）配对，需要逐条判断再组合。 四、难度与趋势 整体难度中等：文章短、生词少，但题量集中在“找信息”上，拼的是速度与细心。近年趋势有三点：一是**图表与多模态文本**增多（信息卡、结构图），要求会读非连贯文本；二是**推断题比重上升**，答案不再原词照抄，而要绕一个弯；三是出现**句子还原与篇章结构**题，考查对上下文衔接的把握。练好“题干关键词→原文定位→比对选项”这条链路，是本专题最核心的提分点。 一、四步解题法 第一步：先读题干，圈关键词。做前先把 5 道题的疑问词（who / what / where / how many / why）和专有名词（人名、地名、数字）圈出来，带着问题去读文章。 第二步：速读全文，抓体裁与结构。先判断是叙事还是说明，弄清每段大概讲什么；遇到图表、信息卡，先看清表头与项目名。 第三步：逐题定位，回到原文找依据。绝大多数答案都能在原文找到对应句；找到后把原句与四个选项逐词比对，选“与原文最吻合”的那一个，而不是“看起来最合理”的那一个。 第四步：主旨与推断题最后做。这类题需要通篇理解，等细节题做完、文章读熟了再回头定夺；排除法优先剔除“以偏概全”和“无中生有”的选项。 二、结合本次特训题目的实战点拨 【点拨1】细节理解（定位＋比对）——以 Passage 1 题 1 为例：题干问 Tom 最喜欢的食物是什么。以 Tom 与 favourite food 为关键词回到信息卡 Tom 那一格，原文写 “My favourite food is Beijing roast duck”，与选项 C 完全一致，故选 C。提示：细节题不要凭印象选，四个选项往往都在文中出现过——文中同时有 hot pot（Lisa）、noodles（Emma），只有划出对应那一句，才不会张冠李戴。 【点拨2】细节题中的数字与数量——以 Passage 4 题 3 为例：题干问 Peter 有几只小鸡。原文写 “How many baby chickens are there? Let’s count. One, two, three...twelve chickens.”，逐一数下来是 12 只，故选 A；文中另有 twelve cows（12 头奶牛），正是最容易误选的“同数干扰”。提示：数字题一定要确认这个数字**修饰的是哪个名词**，把数字和它后面的名词一起划出来。 【点拨3】词义猜测——以 Passage 4 题 1 为例：原文开头写 “I have many animals and grow some plants.”，grow 的宾语是 plants（植物），能与之搭配的动作只有“种植”，故选 A（plant）。提示：猜词义先看搭配对象——动词看宾语、名词看修饰语；再看前后有没有同义解释、举例或转折（such as、that is、but）。 【点拨4】最佳标题（防“以偏概全”）——以 Passage 2 题 5 为例：原文首句便点题 “Here is a photo of my family.”，全文围绕这张全家福依次介绍祖父母、父母与兄弟，因此故选 B（My Family Photo）；A 范围不对，C、D 只讲了文中一个细节。提示：标题题要能“罩住”全文——把各段大意加起来再看选项，只覆盖一段内容的选项一律排除。 【点拨5】推理判断——以 Passage 3 题 1 为例：原文写 “If a person is a cook (厨师), his last name may be Cook.”，讲的是英国姓氏可来自职业；题干说的是 a man（男士），所以用 Mr 配姓氏 Cook，故选 C。提示：推理题的答案都能在文中找到依据，只是需要绕一步（职业→姓氏、住在山上→姓 Hill）；题干里的性别、单复数等限定词，常常就是排除干扰项的关键。 【点拨6】正误辨析（NOT true 别看错）——以 Passage 4 题 5 为例：题干要求选出**不正确**的一项。原文写 “The geese and ducks are swimming in the water.”，说明鸭和鹅在水里游；而选项 B 说它们在树下，与原文矛盾，故选 B。提示：看到 NOT true / EXCEPT 先圈出来——这类题选的是“错误”的那一项，做完务必回头确认自己选的确实与原文不符。 【点拨7】句子还原（看指代与衔接）——以 Passage 8 题 2 为例：空格后文是 “You are my good friend. And you are my cousin’s penfriend too.”，可见 Jack 刚发现 Tom 的表哥 Jim 正是自己的笔友，这种意外巧合正对应 Oh, what a coincidence，且与后文的惊喜语气衔接，故选 B。提示：句子还原题看三件事——空格前后的指代（it / he / they 指谁）、逻辑关系（因果还是转折）以及语气是否一致（惊喜、遗憾、建议）。 【点拨8】段落大意与篇章结构——以 Passage 5 题 3 为例：第四段原文写 “After school, most students go to different after-school activities”，整段讲的是放学后的活动，对应 After-school activities，故选 B；Buildings 是第一段的内容，属于“张冠李戴”。提示：段落大意题只读那一段的首句与末句即可定位；结构题则先数清段落数量，再看是“总—分”“分—总”还是并列。 三、易错提醒 • 题干圈关键词再回原文定位，别凭印象选；四个选项常都在文中出现，只有一项与题干问的对象对得上。 • 数字题确认数字修饰的是哪个名词，别被文中同数不同物的信息带偏。 • 看到 NOT true / EXCEPT 先圈出来，选的是“错误”的那一项，做完回头确认。 • 标题题防“以偏概全”：只覆盖一段内容的选项一律排除。 • 猜词义先看搭配对象（动词看宾语），再找前后的同义解释或举例。 • 主旨与推断题放到最后做，等全文读熟再用排除法定夺。 Passage 1 This is the first English lesson for Class 1, Grade 7. The students get to know each other. Here is the information about Group (小组) One. Name: Tom Age: 13 Hobby: guitar I live in Beijing with my big family and my pet dog. My favourite food is Beijing roast duck. I play the guitar in our school band. Name: Lisa Age: 12 Hobby: tennis I live in Beijing with my parents and my brother. My favourite sport is tennis. My favourite food is hot pot. Name: David Age: 13 Hobby: piano I love music, and I can play the piano well. There is a farm behind my house. I like planting there. My favourite food is noodles. Name: Tom Age: 13 Hobby: guitar I live in Beijing with my big family and my pet dog. My favourite food is Beijing roast duck. I play the guitar in our school band. Name: Lisa Age: 12 Hobby: tennis I live in Beijing with my parents and my brother. My favourite sport is tennis. My favourite food is hot pot. Name: Emma Age: 12 Hobby: ping-pong I have a twin sister. Her name is Sarah. We both love ping-pong. I love animals and I have a pet rabbit. Mapo tofu is my favourite food. Name: David Age: 13 Hobby: piano I love music, and I can play the piano well. There is a farm behind my house. I like planting there. My favourite food is noodles. 1．What is Tom’s favourite food? A．Mapo tofu. B．Noodles. C．Beijing roast duck. D．Hot pot. 2．How many people are there in Lisa’s family? A．3. B．4. C．5. D．6. 3．What pet does Emma have? A． B． C． D． 4．What is David’s hobby? A．Playing the piano. B．Playing tennis. C．Playing the guitar. D．Playing ping-pong. 5．What do we know from the reading? A．David’s house is behind a farm. B．Lisa and Emma are the same age. C．Tom and David are in the school band. D．There are three students in Group One. 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇图表信息类阅读材料，主要呈现七年级一班第一堂英语课上第一小组四名成员Tom、Lisa、Emma和David的自我介绍信息卡，包括各自的年龄、爱好、居住情况、宠物和最喜欢的食物等，考查对表格信息的准确定位与简单推断。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据文章Tom的介绍部分“My favourite food is Beijing roast duck.”可知，Tom最喜欢的食物是北京烤鸭。 2．细节理解题。根据文章Lisa的介绍部分“I live in Beijing with my parents and my brother.”可知，Lisa的家庭成员包括父母、哥哥和Lisa本人，总计四口人。 3．细节理解题。根据文章Emma的介绍部分“I love animals and I have a pet rabbit.”可知Emma的宠物是兔子，对应选项D的图片内容。 4．细节理解题。根据文章David的介绍部分“Hobby: piano”与“I love music, and I can play the piano well.”可知，David的爱好是弹钢琴。 5．推理判断题。根据文章Lisa的介绍部分“Age: 12”和Emma的介绍部分“Age: 12”可知Lisa和Emma年龄相同。 Passage 2 My name is Zhu Wenwen and I am twelve. Here is a photo of my family. Look at the old man and the old woman in the middle. They are my grandparents. They are 70 years old and they are very healthy. The man on the left is my father. He is a driver. The woman next to him is my mother. She works in a shop. The boy in front of them is my brother, Zhu Wenbin. He is nine and he is in Grade 3. Where am I? I am next to my mother, and I am in a red dress. We have a cat, Mimi. It is in the photo, too! We live in a small house near a park. I love my family. 1．How old is Zhu Wenwen? A．Nine. B．Ten. C．Twelve. D．Thirteen. 2．Zhu Wenwen’s father is a ________. A．driver B．teacher C．cook D．worker 3．Where does Zhu Wenwen’s mother work? A．In a school. B．In a shop. C．In a hospital. D．In a library. 4．The word “healthy” means (意思是) “________” in Chinese. A．健康的 B．忙碌的 C．年轻的 D．严厉的 5．What is the best title (标题) for the passage? A．My School B．My Family Photo C．A Nice Cat D．My Brother 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．B 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章通过介绍一张全家福照片，描述了作者朱文文及其家庭成员（祖父母、父母、兄弟）的基本信息、外貌特征及职业等，表达了对家庭的爱。 【详解】1．根据文章第1段“My name is Zhu Wenwen and I am twelve.”可知，作者十二岁。 2．根据文章第2段“The man on the left is my father. He is a driver.”可知，作者父亲是一名司机。 3．根据文章第2段“The woman next to him is my mother. She works in a shop.”可知，作者母亲在商店工作。 4．根据文章第2段“They are 70 years old and they are very healthy.”可知，此处指老人身体状态好，意为“健康的”。 5．根据文章第1段“Here is a photo of my family.”及全文内容可知，文章主要围绕家庭照片展开介绍，B选项“My Family Photo”最适合作为本文标题。 Passage 3 Everyone has a family name. In China, the family name is before (在……前面) the first name, but in England the family name is behind the first name. Do you know how English people get their family names? And what do they mean (意思是)? Where do family names come from? English people usually get their family names in these ways. Some family names come from the places of their homes. If a man lives on a hill, his family name may be Hill. In England, people’s names may be (可能是) Wood or Lake, because they live near the woods (树林) or a lake. Some family names come from a person’s job. If a person is a cook (厨师), his last name may be Cook. And many people get their family names from their fathers’ names. If you hear the family name “Jackson”, you know that he is Jack’s son. 1．If a man is a cook, he may be _________. A．Mr Jackson B．Mrs Jackson C．Mr Cook D．Mrs Cook 2．Bob's friend is Alan Hill, so maybe his home is _________. A．near the woods B．near a lake C．on a hill D．near a school 3．Which of the following (下面哪个) is right? A．Wood is a first name in England . B．The last name is the family name in England. C．Lake is an interesting job. D．Cook is a place or a good job. 4．What is the best title (标题) of this passage? A．Names in China and England B．Nice names in England C．English people's first names D．Family names of English people 5．What is the right structure (结构) of the passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】 1．C 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕英国人姓氏的来源，介绍了英国人获取姓氏的几种常见方式。 【详解】1．根据第四段第二句话“If a person is a cook, his last name may be Cook.”可知，作为厨师的他姓Cook，Mr用于男性姓氏前，所以可被称为Mr Cook。 2．根据第三段第二句话“If a man lives on a hill, his family name may be Hill.”可推测Alan Hill的家可能位于山上（山丘上）。 3．在英国，“last name (姓)”即“family name (姓氏)”。 4．文章主要围绕英国人的姓氏（family names）展开，介绍了姓氏的来源等内容。D选项“Family names of English people”（英国人的姓氏）符合文章主旨。 5．文章一、二段总述英国人姓氏的来源，然后三、四、五段从不同方面（源于居住地点、职业、父亲名字等）进行分述，所以文章为“总——分”的结构。 Passage 4 Hello, I’m Peter. Welcome to my farm. I have many animals and grow some plants. Let me show you around. Look at the animals. They are cows, sheep, and horses. They all like eating grass. I have twelve cows. They are black and white. The horses have different colours. I like a little red horse best. Where is it? Oh, it’s behind its mum. Look at the small lake. The geese and ducks are swimming in the water. Some trees are around the lake. Some baby chickens are playing under a big tree. How many baby chickens are there? Let’s count. One, two, three...twelve chickens. Now it’s time for lunch. There are some potatoes, carrots, and fish, eggs, and so on (等等). They are all from my farm. They are fresh (新鲜的), healthy, and delicious. It’s a great farm. Do you think so? 1．The underlined (加下划线的) word “grow” means “________”. A．plant B．eat C．wait D．need 2．Where is the little red horse? A．Under the tree. B．Around the pool. C．Behind its mum. D．In the lake. 3．How many baby chickens does Peter have? A．12. B．20. C．32. D．2. 4．Where is the food for lunch from? A．From the shop. B．From the pool. C．From the trees. D．From the farm. 5．Which of the following is NOT true (下面哪项表述不正确)? A．Three kinds of animals on the farm like eating grass. B．The ducks and geese are under a tree. C．The food for lunch is fresh, healthy, and delicious. D．The horses on the farm have different colours. 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．B 【导语】本文通过Peter的自我介绍，带领读者参观他的农场，介绍了农场里的动物、植物以及午餐食物的来源，展现了农场的美好景象。 【详解】1．词句猜测题。根据文章第1段“I have many animals and grow some plants.”可知，此处表示种植一些植物，grow在此处与plant意思相近。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第2段“I like a little red horse best. Where is it? Oh, it's behind its mum.”可知，小红马在它妈妈后面。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第3段“Let’s count. One, two, three…twelve chickens.”可知，Peter有12只小鸡。 4．细节理解题。根据文章第4段“They are all from my farm.”可知，午餐的食物来自农场。 5．细节理解题。根据文章第3段“The geese and ducks are swimming in the water.”可知，鹅和鸭在湖里游泳，而不是在树下，该项表述不正确。 Passage 5 Do you know what an American school is like? There are some buildings in it: the classroom building, the science building, the sports building, the dining hall and the library. Every school has a big playground too. There are a lot of trees and flowers in some schools, so they look like parks. There are 20 or 30 students in a class. In the classroom, students sit in groups (组). There are 5 or 6 students in a group. In the classroom, every student has a locker (锁柜). They can put their books and clothes in it. Every day, students have six or seven classes. They study science, maths, English and other subjects. They go to different classrooms for every subject. That’s because every teacher has his/ her classroom. The school day finishes early in the afternoon. After school, most students go to different after-school activities, such as sports games and different kinds of club activities. 1．Why do some schools in America look like parks? A．Because there are many buildings. B．Because there are lots of trees and flowers. C．Because there is a big playground. D．Because students can play sports. 2．How do American students sit in a classroom? A．In groups. B．Alone. C．In a line. D．In a circle. 3．What is paragraph 4 (第四段) about? A．Subjects. B．After-school activities. C．Buildings in a school. D．Teachers in schools. 4．What do most students do after school? A．Go home. B．Go to after-school activities. C．Do sports. D．Go to different classrooms. 5．Which sentences are true? A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①②④ D．①③④ 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国学校的建筑设施、课堂座位安排、锁柜使用、课程设置以及课后活动等情况。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据文章第1段“There are a lot of trees and flowers in some schools, so they look like parks.”可知，有些学校因为有很多树和花，所以看起来像公园。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第2段“In the classroom, students sit in groups.”可知，在教室里，美国学生是分组坐的。 3．主旨大意题。根据文章第4段“After school, most students go to different after-school activities, such as sports games and different kinds of club activities.”可知，本段主要讲述了学生放学后的课外活动。 4．细节理解题。根据文章第4段“After school, most students go to different after-school activities, such as sports games and different kinds of club activities.”可知，大多数学生放学后去参加不同的课外活动。 5．细节理解题。根据文章第3段“Every day, students have six or seven classes.”、“The school day finishes early in the afternoon.”以及第2段“In the classroom, every student has a locker.”可知，学生们每天有六到七节课；下午放学早；并且每个学生都有锁柜，综上所述可判断①③④描述是正确的。 Passage 6 What’s an American school like? There are some buildings in it, two classroom buildings, an office building, a science building, a sports hall, a dining hall and a big library. Every school has a big playground too. There are lots of trees and flowers in it, so some schools look like parks. Many students like to read under trees. There are 20 or 30 students in a class. In the classroom, five or six students sit together as a group. Every student has a box. They can place their books and clothes in it. Students have six or seven classes every day. They study science, math, English and other lessons. Students go to different classrooms for every class. That’s because every teacher has his or her own classroom. The school day finishes early in the afternoon. Most students join different after school activities like sports games after school. Every student lives a busy but interesting school life. 1．Why do some schools in America look like parks? A．Because there are many buildings. B．Because students can play sports. C．Because there is a big playground. D．Because there are lots of trees and flowers. 2．How many students usually sit together in a group in the classroom? A．2 or 3 B．5 or 6 C．6 or 7 D．20 or 30 3．What does the underlined word “place” mean in English? A．put B．leave C．read D．find 4．What can we learn from the passage? A．Every school has a park. B．Students have four classes every day. C．The school day finishes early in the afternoon. D．Students go to the same classroom for every class. 5．What’s the best title (标题) for the passage? A．Lessons in America B．Schools in America C．Buildings in America D．After-school activities in America. 【答案】 1．D 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了美国学校的校园设施、班级规模、课堂形式、课程安排以及课后活动，全方位展示了美国学校的生活面貌。 【详解】1．根据第一段原文“There are lots of trees and flowers in it, so some schools look like parks.”可知，因为学校里有很多树木和花卉，所以有些学校看起来像公园。 2．根据第二段原文“In the classroom, five or six students sit together as a group.”可知，在教室里，通常五或六名学生坐成一个小组。 3．根据划线词所在句“They can place their books and clothes in it.”及上下文可知，学生可以把书和衣服“放”在箱子里，place在此处意为“放置”，与put同义。 4．根据第四段第一句“The school day finishes early in the afternoon.”可知，学校下午放学很早，C项表述正确。A项原文是“看起来像公园”而非“有公园”；B项原文是“六或七节课”；D项原文是“去不同的教室”。 5．通读全文可知，文章围绕“What’s an American school like?”展开，从建筑、班级、课程到课后活动介绍了美国学校的情况，最佳标题应为“美国的学校”。 Passage 7 Boys and girls, we have a new student here. She is Gu Ailing. Let’s welcome! Good morning, boys and girls. Nice to meet you in the US. I am Gu Ailing. I am twenty-two years old. I am Chinese. My mother is Chinese, too. She is a ski instructor (滑雪教练). My father is from the US. Ailing is my first name. Gu is my last name. Ling is my aunt’s name too. ▲ Yes! I have two last names. Feng is my grandma’s last name and Gu is my mother’s last name. My grandparents are from Shanghai, China. Look! I have a picture of my grandma and me. My grandma was an engineer (工程师). My grandpa can play football very well. They live in Beijing, China now. I think that there are four things for you to succeed (成功). You should sleep for 10 hours and eat well. And you should love the things. At last, you should complete one thing before you start to do the next one. Don’t do them at the same time. That’s all. Thank you! 1．Who’s Gu Ailing? A．A football player. B．A student. C．A teacher. D．An engineer. 2．Which of the following can we put in “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 3? A．My pet cat’s name is Coco. B．That is my full name. C．My English name is Eileen Feng Gu. D．She is my mother’s sister. 3．Where do Gu’s grandparents live? A．In the US. B．In Shanghai. C．In Beijing. D．In the UK. 4．What does the underlined word “complete” in the passage mean? A．Learn. B．Help. C．Count. D．Finish. 5．Which is the best title of the passage? A．My Hobbies B．Different Jobs C．My Name D．My Family and I 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．C 4．D 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇自我介绍类记叙文，Gu Ailing介绍了自己的姓名、家庭成员以及获得成功的心得。 【详解】1．根据第一段“Boys and girls, we have a new student here. She is Gu Ailing.”可知，Gu Ailing是一名新学生。 2．根据第三段“Ling is my aunt’s name too.”以及“Yes! I have two last names.”可知，空格处句子需要承接姓名相关内容，“My English name is Eileen Feng Gu”符合上下文逻辑。 3．根据第三段“They live in Beijing, China now.”可知，Gu Ailing的祖父母现在居住在北京。 4．根据第四段“Don’t do them at the same time.”结合“complete one thing before you start to do the next one”语境推测，complete表达“完成”，与Finish含义一致。 5．文章主要介绍Gu Ailing自身以及家人的相关情况，My Family and I可以概括全文内容，是最合适的标题。 Passage 8 On Friday afternoon, Tom meets his good friend Jack and says, “Jack, can you come to my home after school? I want you to meet my cousin. He loves the same ball game as you. “ Jack says happily, “Sure. “ When they get to Tom’s home, it’s about 5:45 p. m. Tom’s cousin Jim is in the living room. He is watching a basketball game on TV. Tom says to him, “Jim, this is my good friend Jack. “ Jim says to Jack, “Hi, Jack! Nice to meet you. I’m Jim. “ “Nice to meet you too, Jim,” Jack says. “You know what? I have a penfriend called Jim. He’s from Wuhan,” says Jack. “Oh, really? What’s his last name?” asks Jim. “Brown.” “Really? I am Jim Brown and I am from Wuhan,” Jim says. “And I have a penfriend here. His name is Jack Miller. His favourite number is eight and he likes playing basketball best. His birthday is on June 12th. “ Hearing this, Tom says to Jack, “________. You are my good friend. And you are my cousin’s penfriend too. “ 1．What does Jack go to Tom’s home for? A．Watching TV. B．Playing basketball. C．Meeting Tom’s cousin. D．Playing computer games. 2．Which of the following can we put in the ________? A．Oh, have a good day. B．Oh, what a coincidence. C．Oh, what a mess. D．Oh, what good friends. 3．What is Jack’s favourite sport? A．Basketball. B．Football. C．Volleyball. D．Ping‑pong. 4．Which of the following is TRUE? A．①‑good friends; ②‑cousins; ③‑penfriends B．①‑penfriends; ②‑cousins; ③‑good friends C．①‑cousins; ②‑good friends; ③‑penfriends D．①‑good friends; ②‑penfriends; ③‑cousins 5．What can we know from the passage? A．Jack sees Jim in the morning. B．Jim likes the number eight best. C．Jim and Jack love the same ball game. D．Jim has a penfriend from Wuhan. 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．A 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Jack放学后受好友Tom邀请去家中做客，意外发现Tom的表哥Jim正是自己笔友的奇妙巧合故事，充满了生活中的意外惊喜。 【详解】1．文章开头Tom对Jack说“Jack, can you come to my home after school? I want you to meet my cousin”，直接点明Jack去Tom家的目的是见Tom的表哥。 2．前文Jack和Jim发现彼此就是对方久未见面的笔友，这种巧合场景下，Tom会发出“多么巧合啊”的感叹，what a coincidence完全符合当下的意外惊喜氛围。 3．文中Jim提到自己的笔友Jack“likes playing basketball best”，结合前文Tom介绍Jim和Jack热爱同一项球类运动，可直接得出Jack最喜欢的运动是篮球。 4．通读全文可知，Tom和Jack是好朋友，Tom和Jim是表兄弟，Jack和Jim是笔友，对应选项A的人物关系组合完全正确。 5．文章开头Tom邀请Jack来家里时就提到“ He loves the same ball game as you”，直接说明Jim和Jack热爱同一项球类运动，该表述完全符合原文内容。 18 / 18乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $