Unit1 A New Start Using Language课件-2026-2027学年高中英语外研版必修第一册

Unit 1 A new start Using language ——Basic Sentence Structures If you want to express your ideas clearly and completely, which one will you choose, using words or sentences? What makes a sentence? 主语（S）谓语（V）宾语（O）表语（P）补语（C） 状语（A） 定语（Att） Main elements Modifiers Review 领导者，发号施令 主语：动作的发出者,叙述的对象 Subject 主语（S） I woke up early. The campus was still quiet. Meng Hao rushed out of the door to go to school. An old man said hello to Meng Hao and gave him a smile. Meng Hao was surprised to see the old man. His words made Meng Hao relaxed and confident. 谓语动词：动作，有时态和语态的变化 Verb 谓语（V.） 表语：说明主语的身份、特征和状态。一般位于系动词之后。 Predicative 表语(P) Hi, I’m Meng Hao. I was embarrassed. 宾语：动作的承受者 (1)直接宾语（DO）表示动作的承受者或结果, 通常指物。 (2)间接宾语（IO）表示动作的接受者或指向,通常指人。 Object 宾语（O） I saw a white-haired man. He gave me a smile. 宾补：补充说明宾语是什么，怎么样，做什么事。 Object Complement 宾补(OC) His words made me a lot more relaxed. Structure 1 I replied. She agreed. S (Subject)+V (Verb) 主语 + 谓语动词 Structure 2 I saw a white-haired man. He wrote a long letter. S + V+ O (Object) 主语+谓语动词+宾语 不及物动词(intransitive verb)： 本身意思完整，不需要宾语/后面不能直接接宾语；动作只描述主语自身, 没有承受对象。 如要补充信息，通常加介词。如：他到达了车站。 He arrived at the station. 及物动词(transitive verb)： 必须接宾语，意思才完整；动作要有承受对象”, 谁/ 什么接受这个动作。 Structure 3 He gave me a smile. I passed him a book. Structure 4 His words made me a lot more relaxed！ The exam made me quite nervous. S + V + Indirect Object + Direct Object 主语+谓语动词+ 间接宾语 +直接宾语 S + V + O + C(complement) 主语+谓语动词+ 宾语 + 补语 Structure 5 I was embarrassed. He was friendly. S + Linking verb + P (Predicative) 主语 + 连系动词 + 表语 常见系动词 be动词：am, is are, was, were 感官动词: look, sound, smell, taste, feel 变化类：become, get, turn, grow, go (通常指不好的变化) 保持类: keep, stay, remain 表象类(似乎,好像): seem, appear 终止/结果类(最后变成...状态)： prove(证明是...), turn out(结果是...) 1. 你应该保持冷静。 You should keep calm. 2. 他似乎很紧张 He appeared/ seemed very nervous. 3. 这个计划证明是成功的。 The plan proved successful. 4. 故事结果是真的。 The story turned out true. Practice: Five Basic Sentence Structures 鸟儿自由飞翔。 太阳升起了。 这个汤尝起来很美味。 他看起来很疲惫。 5. 他买了一本新书。 6. 我们应该保护环境。 7. 她给我写了一封信。 8. 老师教我们英语。 9. 这个消息使我很开心。 10. 我发现烹饪非常令人放松。 1. Birds fly freely. 2. The sun rises. 3. The soup tastes delicious. 4. He looks tired. 5. He bought a new book. 6. We should protect the environment. 7. She wrote me a letter./ She wrote a letter to me. 8. The teacher teaches us English. 9.The news made me happy. 10. I find cooking very relaxing. （1）主谓（SV） （2）主（系）表（SVP） （3）主谓宾（SVO） （4）主谓宾宾（SVOO） （5）主谓宾补（SVOC） Basic sentence structures His words made me a lot more relaxed. I saw a white-haired man. I replied. He gave me a smile. I was embarrassed. Summary 总结 句子成分 意义 主语(Subject) 动作的执行者,或句子谈论的对象 谓语(Predicate) 说明主语做什么，是什么或怎么样(核心是动词) 宾语(Object) 表示动作行为的对象 表语(Predicative) 与连系动词连用，一起构成谓语，说明主语是什么或怎么样 定语(Attribute) 用来修饰名词或代词 状语(Adverbial) 修饰动词，形容词，副词或整个句子表示动作发生的时间(when)，地点(where)，原因(why)，方式(how) 程度(to what extent), 目的(for what purpose)等 补语(Complement) 对宾语进行补充说明, 使句子意思完整 同位语(Appositive) 对前面的名词进一步解释说明；与前面的名词指的是同一人或同一事物 谓语是句子核心中的核心；在完整句型中，谓语决定句子的结构，宾语/表语/补语根据需要构成更完整的句子。定语、状语属于修饰成分,同位语属于补充说明成分 Mary is a beautiful girl. They are women workers. Tom’s father is a teacher. The girl who is singing is my sister. 5. He is a boy in Class 6. 形容词 adj. 名词 n. 名词所有格 介词短语作后置定语 定语从句作后置定语 定语(Attribute) 用来修饰名词或代词 Translate the sentence and determine what grammatical element the underlined part is. 判断以下句子划横线部分是什么成分 How about meeting again tomorrow? Last night she didn’t go to the dance party because of the rain. Mr Smith lives in Mian Yang. She solved the problem in a creative way. If it rains, we will stay at home. To catch up with the others, I must work harder. The test is extremely difficult. Although he was tired, he continued working. The movie was so interesting that I watched it twice. He runs faster than me. 说明时间 ②说明原因 ③说明地点 ④ 说明方式 ⑤说明条件 ⑥说明目的 ⑦ 说明程度 ⑧说明反向关系，尽管...,但是... ⑩说明比较 状语(Adverbial) 修饰动词，形容词，副词或整个句子句子表示动作发生的时间(when)，地点(where)，原因(why)，方式(how) 程度(to what extent), 目的(for what purpose)等 ⑨说明结果 This is my friend Lily. Yesterday, I met Tom, Lucy’s brother. We Chinese people are brave and hard-working. The news that he will come back is true. 同位语(Appositive) 对前面的名词进一步解释说明；与前面的名词指的是同一人或同一事物 判断方法：去掉同位语后，句子语法结构句意依然完整，只是信息变少了。 句子成分 意义 主语(Subject) 动作的执行者,或句子谈论的对象 谓语(Predicate) 说明主语做什么，是什么或怎么样(核心是动词) 宾语(Object) 表示动作行为的对象 表语(Predicative) 与连系动词连用，一起构成谓语，说明主语是什么或怎么样 定语(Attribute) 用来修饰名词或代词 状语(Adverbial) 修饰动词，形容词，副词或整个句子表示动作发生的时间(when)，地点(where)，原因(why)，方式(how) 程度(to what extent), 目的(for what purpose)等 补语(Complement) 对宾语进行补充说明, 使句子意思完整 同位语(Appositive) 对前面的名词进一步解释说明；与前面的名词指的是同一人或同一事物 谓语是句子核心中的核心；在完整句型中，谓语决定句子的结构，宾语/表语/补语根据需要构成更完整的句子。定语、状语属于修饰成分,同位语属于补充说明成分。 Observe these sentences from this unit. Read and point out their sentence structures. 1. I saw a white-haired man. 2. I replied. 3. He gave me a smile. 4. I breathed deeply. 5. I looked at them in painic. 6. I was embarrassed. 7. His words made me a lot more relaxed. SV SVP SVO SVOO SVOC SVA SVOA Activity 1 a He was friendly. b The exam made me quite nervous. c I passed him a book. d She agreed. e He wrote a long letter. f He talked loudly. g She looked after her sister patiently. 1 I saw a white-haired man. 2 I replied. 3 He gave me a smile. 4 I breathed deeply. 5 I looked at them in panic. 6 I was embarrassed. 7 His words made me a lot more relaxed! e d c f g a b Analyze and match. (Page 6) 1 SVP SVOC SVOO SV SVO SVA SVOA 1. Alice, an outgoing leader, made the boring activity interesting last Friday. 2. Mr. Li, our English teacher, often encourages us to read aloud in class. 分析以下两个句子的成分 主语 同位语 谓语 定语 宾语 宾补 时间状语 主语 同位语 状语 谓语 宾语 宾补+ 方式状语 地点状语 Look and say. (Page 6) Activity 2 2 nervous/embarrassed butterflies in one’s stomach breathe deeply keep calm in panic turn on one’s brain the engine wouldn’t start … Sam Lily Look and say. (Page 6) Activity 2 2 One day, Sam was holding his books into the classroom. He didn’t notice anything on the desk. SVOA SVOA Look and say. (Page 6) Activity 2 2 At this moment, he hit Lily’s MP3 accidentally. The MP3 fell to the ground and he didn’t know what to do. He was embarrassed about it. SVOA SVA SVP SVO Look and say. (Page 6) Activity 2 2 With butterflies in his stomach, he thought Lily might get angry with him. He tried to keep calm and picked up the broken MP3 in panic. Sam was more nervous. He breathed deeply. He decided to do something for it. SVO SVOA SVO Look and say. (Page 6) Activity 2 2 What will happen in the end? Sam apologized to Lily. To his surprise, Lily didn’t blame him for it, so Sam feel a lot more relaxed. However, Sam promised to buy a new MP3 for her. Since then, they became good friends. Tolerance（宽容） is the bridge between people. Sharing Activity 3 2 nervous/embarrassed butterflies in one’s stomach breathe deeply keep calm in panic turn on one’s brain the engine wouldn’t start … Sam Lily Summary main elements Sentence srtuctures Homework Write a diary about your first day at senior high (try to use the sentence strutures you have learned today) Thank you for your listening! $