专题04 语法填空-【题型易-必考题型精练】2026-2027学年九年级上册英语期中考 满分冲刺考前梯度特训（新教材译林版·南通专用）

考前特训 专题04 语法填空 期中考满分冲刺（南通专用） 姓名：___________班级：___________座号：___________ 内容提要 题型分析 解题指导 集中突破 一、题型定位 语法填空（短文填空）是南通中考及九上期中卷的高频必考题型。它以一篇 150–250 词的语篇为载体，在语境中综合考查词法（词性转换、时态语态、非谓语、比较等级）与句法（冠词、代词、连词、从句），属于以篇带点、语境立意的基础能力题。 二、命题形式与题量 本次特训共选编 8 篇短文，每篇设 10 空，合计 80 题。设空分两类：一类在括号中给出提示词，要求写出其正确形式，是考查主体；一类为无提示空，需依据语境补出冠词、介词、连词或代词。答案均为单词或短语，答题时既要判断词性、形式，也要关注拼写与大小写。 三、核心考点分布（基于本次特训 80 题梳理） 本次特训 8 篇共 80 空，考点覆盖词法与句法两大层面，可归纳为以下八类： （1）动词时态：过去进行时（was communicating / was creating）、现在完成时（has succeeded / has inspired / have prepared）与一般现在时、一般过去时的语境判断。 （2）被动语态：一般过去时的被动（were left / was driven / were forced）与一般将来时的被动（will be used / will be remembered），需补全 be 动词并保持主谓一致。 （3）非谓语动词——动名词：作主语（Watching / Seeing / Offering）与作介词宾语（instead of cooperating / devote … to protecting / difficulties in getting / risk being）。 （4）非谓语动词——不定式：作目的状语或宾语补足（to finish / to make sure / to consider / to pay / to become / to produce）。 （5）词性转换——名词：decisions / tips / dictionaries / imagination / communication / excitement / death / musicians / winners，注意单复数与不可数。 （6）词性转换——形容词与副词：形容词 careless / unkind / unnecessary / surprising / helpful / successful / social / tired / focused / hidden；副词 differently / patiently / wisely / highly / probably。 （7）比较等级：比较级 longer / better / madder 与最高级 ugliest，依据 than、much、one of the + 最高级等标志词判断。 （8）冠词、代词、连词与从句：a / an / the 的泛指与特指；反身代词 yourself / themselves 与宾格 them；并列连词 and / but、宾语从句 whether/if / where、定语从句 who 等。 四、难度与趋势 整体难度中等偏上。语篇题材贴近学生生活，涉及成长烦恼、校园义卖、人物励志、网络现象等，理解门槛不高，失分主要集中在对时态语态的误判与对词性的辨析不清。近年南通卷呈现语篇化、综合化趋势：单纯记忆型设空明显减少，考生需要在完整的语篇语境中同时判断词性、形式与固定搭配，对语法体系与语感的要求更高。 一、四步解题法 第一步：通读全文，抓住大意与叙事主线。先分清语篇是记叙文还是说明文，标注时间标志词（last year、now、up to now 等），大致确定全文的基本时态。 第二步：分析设空所在句的句子结构，判定所填词的语法功能。缺主语或宾语填名词或动名词；作定语或表语填形容词；修饰动词或形容词填副词；作谓语则先定时态语态。 第三步：针对括号提示词作专项处理。动词提示词看三件事——时态、语态、非谓语；名词提示词看单复数与所有格；形容词、副词提示词看比较等级与反义／否定前缀。 第四步：复核无提示空，依据固定搭配与上下文补出冠词、介词、连词或代词，最后通读检查主谓一致、动词形式、拼写与首字母大小写。 二、结合本次特训题目的实战点拨 【点拨1】动名词作主语——以Passage 1 题 1 为例：题 1 括号提示词为 watch，所在句开头设空、其后紧跟谓语 teaches，说明该空充当句子主语。动词作主语要用动名词，故填 Watching，句首首字母大写，谓语随后用第三人称单数。原文“how plants grow in hard conditions teaches us valuable lessons”正是这一主谓结构，判断要点是“句子已有谓语、句首空位无主语时，动词提示词优先考虑动名词作主语”。 【点拨2】介词后接动名词——以Passage 8 题 1 为例：题 1 的设空位于介词短语 instead of 之后，介词宾语必须用名词或动名词；提示词 cooperate 是动词，故填 cooperating。原文“messed around during preparation instead of”提示该空紧跟介词之后，是典型的“介词加动名词”考点，切忌误填动词原形。 【点拨3】一般将来时的被动语态——以Passage 8 题 4 为例：句意为“募集到的所有钱将被用于为贫困地区的孩子购买文具”，主语 money 与 use 之间是被动关系，且活动尚未发生，需用一般将来时的被动语态 will be used。原文“all money raised”之后紧跟设空，先判断主语与动词的被动关系、再看时间，是本题的破题顺序。 【点拨4】过去分词作定语——以Passage 7 题 1 为例：题 1 的设空修饰 mental issues，提示词 hide 与所修饰名词是被动关系，表示“被隐藏的心理问题”，故用过去分词 hidden 作前置定语。原文“many teenagers are suffering from”之后即为设空，修饰语与被修饰名词的逻辑关系，决定该用 -ed 还是 -ing 形式。 【点拨5】形容词的比较等级——以Passage 6 题 2 为例：句中同时出现 much 与 than 两个标志，说明要用比较级；提示词 long 是形容词，故填 longer，表示这款蛋挞“看起来比传统的长得多”。原文“This special egg tart looks much”之后紧跟设空，见 than 就想比较级，是本题最直接的破题点。 【点拨6】反身代词——以Passage 5 题 4 为例：句意为“现在你想为自己做决定”，介词 for 后应接与主语 you 一致的反身代词 yourself。原文“but now you want to decide things for”之后设空，动作的承受者与主语同指时用反身代词，这是 for oneself 固定用法。 【点拨7】名词的复数——以Passage 4 题 1 为例：one of the greatest 后接可数名词复数，提示词 music 指“音乐家”时应先变为 musician，再用复数 musicians。原文“Ludwig van Beethoven is recognized as one of the greatest”中，one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词是固定结构，不可漏掉复数词尾 -s。 【点拨8】现在完成时——以Passage 3 题 9 为例：时间状语 Up to now 是现在完成时的典型标志，主语 Jack 与 succeed 为主动关系，故填 has succeeded。原文“Up to now, Jack”之后设空，见到 up to now、so far、since 等标志词，应优先考虑现在完成时并注意助动词与主语的数一致。 三、易错提醒 • 动词提示词先定“时态＋语态”再定形式：见到 by、up to now、since 想到现在完成时；主语与动词是被动关系时，务必补出完整的 be 动词（如 were left、will be remembered）。 • 区分非谓语：介词后接动名词（instead of cooperating），表目的用不定式（to finish / to make sure），切勿混用 -ing 与 to do。 • 词性转换别忘反义与否定：kind→unkind、necessary→unnecessary，注意 un- 前缀的拼写，避免漏写或多写字母。 • 名词与副词要分清：提示词是名词词根时，先判断该空修饰名词（用形容词 helpful / social）还是修饰动词（用副词 wisely / patiently）。 • 比较级与最高级看标志词：有 than 用比较级（longer / better / madder），one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词（ugliest / musicians）是固定搭配。 • 冠词、反身代词按固定搭配与音素判断：a / an 看后接词首音素（an ordinary soldier），decide … for yourself、teenagers themselves 要结合主语人称选用。 Passage 1 Many teenagers wonder how to live a meaningful life. 1 (watch) how plants grow in hard conditions teaches us valuable lessons. Pine trees stand strong through cold winters, 2 they never lose hope. We should learn from them instead of those 3 care too much about others’ praise. I look up to Fan Jinshi a lot. She devoted most of her time to 4 (protect) Dunhuang’s ancient art. When she arrived there, she lived in a small house 5 no modern living supplies. Sometimes she felt 6 (tire) after long hours of work, but she never gave up. 7 (see) the well-protected caves brings her great joy. I also admire Lei Feng. 8 ordinary soldier, he spent all free time helping people in need. 9 (offer) kindness to people nearby is a simple way to 10 (live) a worthy life. I decide to take action and learn from these great people. Passage 2 Many teenagers meet different problems in their daily life. Some have trouble getting on 1 their parents. Their parents make almost all 2 (decide) for them and are too strict. Every time they try to talk to them, their parents will lose patience. They wonder 3 they can truly understand each other. Some students suffer from heavy study pressure. They can’t manage their time well. They often stay up late 4 (finish) homework and feel tired in class the next day. Some waste plenty of time on mobile phones. Some love sports, but they are 5 (force) to give them up to focus on their studies. If you have these problems, don’t get 6 (you) down. It is normal for teens. It is 7 (help) to turn to your teachers or close friends for some useful 8 (tip). Also, you should plan your time 9 (wise). It’s important for you to keep 10 balance between study and hobbies. Passage 3 In the process of teenage growth, every student longs for recognition in 1 (society) situations. We constantly receive all kinds of judgements from others, which can deeply influence our moods and self-judgement. If we always take strangers’ words too seriously, we 2 (drive) mad by endless self-doubt. In daily life, it is common to meet 3 (kind) words and unfair judgements. Jack once met such a situation. Last month, when he 4 (communicate) with his classmates, some people laughed at his small mistakes. He worried that his efforts would not be likely 5 (pay) off and fell into negative emotions. He once regarded this experience as the 6 (ugly) memory in his teenage life. To change his state, he looked up new words in different 7 (dictionary) every day and tried to correct his shortcomings. He learned to make wise 8 (decide) when facing doubts and never gave up easily. Up to now, Jack 9 (succeed) in improving himself greatly. He tells us that rich 10 (imagine) and firm self-confidence are the best weapons against outside noise. Growth lies in refusing to be defined by others and sticking to self-improvement. Passage 4 Ludwig van Beethoven is recognized as one of the greatest 1 (music) who ever lived. He used his 2 (imagine) to create music that moved people to tears. Yet his life was far from easy. From an early age, he 3 (drive) by his father to practise the piano for hours every day. Though he was often tired and unhappy, he never gave up. Later, he moved to Vienna, where he managed 4 (become) a great composer. He 5 (create) a new piece when he noticed he could no longer hear the notes he was playing. It was a terrible blow for him. However, his love for music never died. He 6 (stick) to composing music, and he believed that true genius is not about hearing, but about listening with the heart. His 7 (die) in 1827 was a great loss to the world, but his music 8 (remember) forever. Today, people all over the world speak 9 (high) of his works. Not only his amazing talent but also his strong will 10 (inspire) countless people since then. His life story teaches us that we should never give up even in the face of great difficulties. Passage 5 Adolescence (青春期) is a difficult time for teenagers. It happens when you are aged between thirteen and nineteen. 1 your body changes, you also begin to think 2 (different). For example, you used to be very happy in the company (陪伴) of your parents. But now you need your own space and some privacy. In 3 past, your parents made most decisions for you, but now you want to decide things for 4 (you). All these changes are perfectly normal. But it is important to remember that they will influence your relationship with your parents. So what can you do 5 (make) sure that you stay on good terms with your parents? Firstly, your parents will feel much 6 (well) if you let them know that you still love and value them. Secondly, try to agree with your family rules. You may think they are 7 (necessary), 8 your parents’ main concern is just to keep you safe. Once you have agreed with the rules, try to stick to them. Finally, it’s all about 9 (communicate)! Keep talking to your parents, tell them about what you did today, let them know 10 you are going, and ask for advice if you need it. Passage 6 A 60-centimetre egg tart has recently become a huge online hit across China. Many young people are willing to wait in long queues for hours 1 (patient) just to get one. This special egg tart looks much 2 (long) than traditional ones, but it tastes just the same as common round egg tarts. Its 3 (surprise) shape gives it great social value. Most buyers do not rush to eat it right away. Instead, they take photos and share it 4 social media (社交平台), so the product 5 (spread) recently. Workers cannot keep up with the rising needs. Factories work day and night 6 (produce) semi-finished products and send 7 (they) to shops in different cities. People hold different views. Some think it is fun to share this special egg tart with friends. Others warn that over one thousand kilocalories in 8 single long tart may bring health risks. Industry experts (专家) say this is not a new online phenomenon (现象). These big-sized snacks draw attention fast, 9 their popularity often disappears soon. The long egg tart reminds us not to judge a kind of food only by its looks. After the sense of 10 (excite) dies down, most people will go back to simple and tasty daily snacks. Passage 7 Nowadays, with huge loads from study, relationships, and self-development, many teenagers are suffering from 1 (hide) mental issues. Stress from schoolwork is the most common trigger. Piles of homework and high expectations from parents and teachers keep teenagers under constant pressure, making it hard for them to stay 2 (focus) in their daily studies. Relationship problems also play a big part. Difficulties in 3 (get) along with classmates can cause deep emotional suffering. Conflicts (矛盾) with parents drive them even 4 (mad). Many even dare not stand up 5 their true thoughts when facing unfair treatment or conflicting opinions. Moreover, social media brings new and unexpected challenges. The virtual online world is full of risks, and teenagers can hardly tell 6 they are really talking to behind the cold screen. Without proper guidance and safety awareness, they may easily fall into carefully set traps, risking 7 (be) hurt by people with ill intentions (意图). It is 8 shame to merely acknowledge the problem without taking action to solve it. Therefore, all sectors of society should act immediately. Teenagers 9 (they) should also learn to bravely voice their true feelings. Before their negative emotions escalate (恶化) out of control, they must make the right 10 (decide) to seek professional help. Passage 8 At the school’s annual charity sale last year, Xiao Yu thought the event was just a silly chance to hang out with friends. He didn’t take it seriously, and messed around during preparation instead of 1 (cooperate) with his group members. As a result, most of their goods 2 (leave) unsold, and their group ranked last. He was deeply sad about his 3 (care) attitude (态度), which made the group miss the chance to help more kids. This year, the sale is coming soon. The headteacher first explained the purpose of the activity: all money raised 4 (use) to buy stationery for kids in poor areas. She asked everyone 5 (consider) what students really need, and choose popular, affordable goods to sell. Xiao Yu’s energetic personality and good organizing skill perfectly 6 (suit) the role of group leader. His teammates all remain confident that they can do much better this time. To make the group 7 (success), Xiao Yu made a clear plan. He will cut back on his pocket money for snacks to buy cheaper but more popular notebooks and pens. He will stick to spending 30 minutes after school every day to sort and price the goods, and stay focused during the whole preparation process. He knows he can’t risk making the same silly mistake again. Up to now, they 8 (prepare) plenty of things for the charity sale. He believes as long as the group cooperates well, they will 9 (probable) become the 10 (win) of this year’s sale and bring more help to those kids. 18 / 18乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $考前特训 专题04 语法填空 期中考满分冲刺（南通专用） 姓名：___________班级：___________座号：___________ 内容提要 题型分析 解题指导 集中突破 一、题型定位 语法填空（短文填空）是南通中考及九上期中卷的高频必考题型。它以一篇 150–250 词的语篇为载体，在语境中综合考查词法（词性转换、时态语态、非谓语、比较等级）与句法（冠词、代词、连词、从句），属于以篇带点、语境立意的基础能力题。 二、命题形式与题量 本次特训共选编 8 篇短文，每篇设 10 空，合计 80 题。设空分两类：一类在括号中给出提示词，要求写出其正确形式，是考查主体；一类为无提示空，需依据语境补出冠词、介词、连词或代词。答案均为单词或短语，答题时既要判断词性、形式，也要关注拼写与大小写。 三、核心考点分布（基于本次特训 80 题梳理） 本次特训 8 篇共 80 空，考点覆盖词法与句法两大层面，可归纳为以下八类： （1）动词时态：过去进行时（was communicating / was creating）、现在完成时（has succeeded / has inspired / have prepared）与一般现在时、一般过去时的语境判断。 （2）被动语态：一般过去时的被动（were left / was driven / were forced）与一般将来时的被动（will be used / will be remembered），需补全 be 动词并保持主谓一致。 （3）非谓语动词——动名词：作主语（Watching / Seeing / Offering）与作介词宾语（instead of cooperating / devote … to protecting / difficulties in getting / risk being）。 （4）非谓语动词——不定式：作目的状语或宾语补足（to finish / to make sure / to consider / to pay / to become / to produce）。 （5）词性转换——名词：decisions / tips / dictionaries / imagination / communication / excitement / death / musicians / winners，注意单复数与不可数。 （6）词性转换——形容词与副词：形容词 careless / unkind / unnecessary / surprising / helpful / successful / social / tired / focused / hidden；副词 differently / patiently / wisely / highly / probably。 （7）比较等级：比较级 longer / better / madder 与最高级 ugliest，依据 than、much、one of the + 最高级等标志词判断。 （8）冠词、代词、连词与从句：a / an / the 的泛指与特指；反身代词 yourself / themselves 与宾格 them；并列连词 and / but、宾语从句 whether/if / where、定语从句 who 等。 四、难度与趋势 整体难度中等偏上。语篇题材贴近学生生活，涉及成长烦恼、校园义卖、人物励志、网络现象等，理解门槛不高，失分主要集中在对时态语态的误判与对词性的辨析不清。近年南通卷呈现语篇化、综合化趋势：单纯记忆型设空明显减少，考生需要在完整的语篇语境中同时判断词性、形式与固定搭配，对语法体系与语感的要求更高。 一、四步解题法 第一步：通读全文，抓住大意与叙事主线。先分清语篇是记叙文还是说明文，标注时间标志词（last year、now、up to now 等），大致确定全文的基本时态。 第二步：分析设空所在句的句子结构，判定所填词的语法功能。缺主语或宾语填名词或动名词；作定语或表语填形容词；修饰动词或形容词填副词；作谓语则先定时态语态。 第三步：针对括号提示词作专项处理。动词提示词看三件事——时态、语态、非谓语；名词提示词看单复数与所有格；形容词、副词提示词看比较等级与反义／否定前缀。 第四步：复核无提示空，依据固定搭配与上下文补出冠词、介词、连词或代词，最后通读检查主谓一致、动词形式、拼写与首字母大小写。 二、结合本次特训题目的实战点拨 【点拨1】动名词作主语——以Passage 1 题 1 为例：题 1 括号提示词为 watch，所在句开头设空、其后紧跟谓语 teaches，说明该空充当句子主语。动词作主语要用动名词，故填 Watching，句首首字母大写，谓语随后用第三人称单数。原文“how plants grow in hard conditions teaches us valuable lessons”正是这一主谓结构，判断要点是“句子已有谓语、句首空位无主语时，动词提示词优先考虑动名词作主语”。 【点拨2】介词后接动名词——以Passage 8 题 1 为例：题 1 的设空位于介词短语 instead of 之后，介词宾语必须用名词或动名词；提示词 cooperate 是动词，故填 cooperating。原文“messed around during preparation instead of”提示该空紧跟介词之后，是典型的“介词加动名词”考点，切忌误填动词原形。 【点拨3】一般将来时的被动语态——以Passage 8 题 4 为例：句意为“募集到的所有钱将被用于为贫困地区的孩子购买文具”，主语 money 与 use 之间是被动关系，且活动尚未发生，需用一般将来时的被动语态 will be used。原文“all money raised”之后紧跟设空，先判断主语与动词的被动关系、再看时间，是本题的破题顺序。 【点拨4】过去分词作定语——以Passage 7 题 1 为例：题 1 的设空修饰 mental issues，提示词 hide 与所修饰名词是被动关系，表示“被隐藏的心理问题”，故用过去分词 hidden 作前置定语。原文“many teenagers are suffering from”之后即为设空，修饰语与被修饰名词的逻辑关系，决定该用 -ed 还是 -ing 形式。 【点拨5】形容词的比较等级——以Passage 6 题 2 为例：句中同时出现 much 与 than 两个标志，说明要用比较级；提示词 long 是形容词，故填 longer，表示这款蛋挞“看起来比传统的长得多”。原文“This special egg tart looks much”之后紧跟设空，见 than 就想比较级，是本题最直接的破题点。 【点拨6】反身代词——以Passage 5 题 4 为例：句意为“现在你想为自己做决定”，介词 for 后应接与主语 you 一致的反身代词 yourself。原文“but now you want to decide things for”之后设空，动作的承受者与主语同指时用反身代词，这是 for oneself 固定用法。 【点拨7】名词的复数——以Passage 4 题 1 为例：one of the greatest 后接可数名词复数，提示词 music 指“音乐家”时应先变为 musician，再用复数 musicians。原文“Ludwig van Beethoven is recognized as one of the greatest”中，one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词是固定结构，不可漏掉复数词尾 -s。 【点拨8】现在完成时——以Passage 3 题 9 为例：时间状语 Up to now 是现在完成时的典型标志，主语 Jack 与 succeed 为主动关系，故填 has succeeded。原文“Up to now, Jack”之后设空，见到 up to now、so far、since 等标志词，应优先考虑现在完成时并注意助动词与主语的数一致。 三、易错提醒 • 动词提示词先定“时态＋语态”再定形式：见到 by、up to now、since 想到现在完成时；主语与动词是被动关系时，务必补出完整的 be 动词（如 were left、will be remembered）。 • 区分非谓语：介词后接动名词（instead of cooperating），表目的用不定式（to finish / to make sure），切勿混用 -ing 与 to do。 • 词性转换别忘反义与否定：kind→unkind、necessary→unnecessary，注意 un- 前缀的拼写，避免漏写或多写字母。 • 名词与副词要分清：提示词是名词词根时，先判断该空修饰名词（用形容词 helpful / social）还是修饰动词（用副词 wisely / patiently）。 • 比较级与最高级看标志词：有 than 用比较级（longer / better / madder），one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词（ugliest / musicians）是固定搭配。 • 冠词、反身代词按固定搭配与音素判断：a / an 看后接词首音素（an ordinary soldier），decide … for yourself、teenagers themselves 要结合主语人称选用。 Passage 1 Many teenagers wonder how to live a meaningful life. 1 (watch) how plants grow in hard conditions teaches us valuable lessons. Pine trees stand strong through cold winters, 2 they never lose hope. We should learn from them instead of those 3 care too much about others’ praise. I look up to Fan Jinshi a lot. She devoted most of her time to 4 (protect) Dunhuang’s ancient art. When she arrived there, she lived in a small house 5 no modern living supplies. Sometimes she felt 6 (tire) after long hours of work, but she never gave up. 7 (see) the well-protected caves brings her great joy. I also admire Lei Feng. 8 ordinary soldier, he spent all free time helping people in need. 9 (offer) kindness to people nearby is a simple way to 10 (live) a worthy life. I decide to take action and learn from these great people. 【答案】 1．Watching 2．and 3．who 4．protecting 5．with 6．tired 7．Seeing 8．An 9．Offering 10．live 【导语】本文探讨了如何过有意义的生活，通过观察植物在艰难环境中的生长、学习樊锦诗和雷锋的事迹，鼓励人们向伟大人物学习并付诸行动。 【详解】1．句意：观察植物在艰苦条件下如何生长教会了我们宝贵的经验。空处作句子的主语，应用watch的动名词形式Watching，句首首字母大写。 2．句意：松树在寒冷的冬天里坚强挺立，并且它们从不失去希望。空处连接“stand strong through cold winters”和“they never lose hope”两个并列分句，表示并列关系，应用连词and。 3．句意：我们应该向它们学习，而不是向那些过于在意别人赞美的人学习。空处引导定语从句修饰先行词those，并在从句中作主语，先行词指人，应用关系代词who。 4．句意：她将大部分时间投入到保护敦煌古代艺术中。devote time to doing sth.意为“投入时间做某事”，to为介词，后接动名词作宾语，protect应用protecting。 5．句意：当她到达那里时，她住在一间没有现代生活用品的小房子里。空处表示“带有，具有”，构成with no modern living supplies结构作后置定语，意为“没有现代生活用品的”。 6．句意：有时长时间工作后她感到疲惫，但她从未放弃。空处作felt的表语，修饰人，应用tire的形容词形式tired，意为“疲惫的”。 7．句意：看到保护完好的洞窟给她带来巨大的快乐。空处作句子的主语，应用see的动名词形式Seeing，句首首字母大写。 8．句意：作为一名普通士兵，他把所有的空闲时间都用来帮助需要帮助的人。soldier为可数名词单数，此处表示泛指“一名普通士兵”，ordinary以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词An，句首首字母大写。 9．句意：向身边的人提供善意是过一种有价值生活的简单方式。空处作句子的主语，应用offer的动名词形式Offering，句首首字母大写。 10．句意：向身边的人提供善意是过一种有价值生活的简单方式。空处位于不定式to之后，应用live的原形，意为“过（生活）”。 Passage 2 Many teenagers meet different problems in their daily life. Some have trouble getting on 1 their parents. Their parents make almost all 2 (decide) for them and are too strict. Every time they try to talk to them, their parents will lose patience. They wonder 3 they can truly understand each other. Some students suffer from heavy study pressure. They can’t manage their time well. They often stay up late 4 (finish) homework and feel tired in class the next day. Some waste plenty of time on mobile phones. Some love sports, but they are 5 (force) to give them up to focus on their studies. If you have these problems, don’t get 6 (you) down. It is normal for teens. It is 7 (help) to turn to your teachers or close friends for some useful 8 (tip). Also, you should plan your time 9 (wise). It’s important for you to keep 10 balance between study and hobbies. 【答案】 1．with 2．decisions 3．whether/if 4．to finish 5．forced 6．yourself 7．helpful 8．tips 9．wisely 10．a 【导语】本文主要讲述青少年在日常生活中遇到的各类烦恼，包括亲子矛盾与学业压力，并给出了相应的解决办法。 【详解】1．句意：一些青少年和他们的父母相处有困难。固定搭配get on with sb.表示“与某人相处”，故填介词with。 2．句意：他们的父母几乎为他们做所有的决定，并且很严格。all后接可数名词复数，decide的名词形式是decision，复数为decisions。 3．句意：他们想知道他们是否能真正理解彼此。wonder后接宾语从句，表达“是否”含义，用if或者whether引导。 4．句意：他们经常熬夜完成作业，第二天在课堂上感到疲惫。此处用动词不定式作目的状语，表示熬夜的目的是完成作业，故填to finish。 5．句意：一些人热爱运动，但他们被迫放弃运动来专注于学习。固定搭配be forced to do sth.表示“被迫做某事”，被动语态，故填forced。 6．句意：如果你遇到这些问题，不要使自己沮丧。主语是you，宾语指代主语自身，用反身代词yourself；固定短语get yourself down“使自己消沉”。 7．句意：向你的老师或者亲密的朋友寻求一些有用的建议是有帮助的。固定句型It is+形容词+to do sth.，help的形容词形式是helpful，意为“有帮助的”。 8．句意：向你的老师或者亲密的朋友寻求一些有用的建议是有帮助的。some后面接可数名词复数，tip的复数形式是tips。 9．句意：并且，你应该明智地规划你的时间。此处修饰动词plan，要用副词，wise的副词形式wisely。 10．句意：在学习和爱好之间保持平衡对你来说很重要。固定搭配keep a balance表示“保持平衡”，故填不定冠词a。 Passage 3 In the process of teenage growth, every student longs for recognition in 1 (society) situations. We constantly receive all kinds of judgements from others, which can deeply influence our moods and self-judgement. If we always take strangers’ words too seriously, we 2 (drive) mad by endless self-doubt. In daily life, it is common to meet 3 (kind) words and unfair judgements. Jack once met such a situation. Last month, when he 4 (communicate) with his classmates, some people laughed at his small mistakes. He worried that his efforts would not be likely 5 (pay) off and fell into negative emotions. He once regarded this experience as the 6 (ugly) memory in his teenage life. To change his state, he looked up new words in different 7 (dictionary) every day and tried to correct his shortcomings. He learned to make wise 8 (decide) when facing doubts and never gave up easily. Up to now, Jack 9 (succeed) in improving himself greatly. He tells us that rich 10 (imagine) and firm self-confidence are the best weapons against outside noise. Growth lies in refusing to be defined by others and sticking to self-improvement. 【答案】 1．social 2．will be driven 3．unkind 4．was communicating 5．to pay 6．ugliest 7．dictionaries 8．decisions 9．has succeeded 10．imagination 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述青少年Jack面对他人负面评价时陷入自我怀疑，而后努力提升自我的故事，告诉我们成长不要被他人定义，坚持自我完善。 【详解】1．句意：在青少年成长过程中，每位学生都渴望在社交场合获得认可。名词“situations”前面需要形容词作定语，society是名词，其形容词形式social表示“社会的，社交的”。 2．句意：如果我们总是把陌生人的话看得太重，我们将会被无休止的自我怀疑逼疯。本句是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则；主语“we”和drive是被动关系，要用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为“will be + 过去分词”，drive的过去分词是driven。 3．句意：日常生活中，我们常会遇到不友善的话语与不公的评价。并列词“and”后面是“unfair judgements”，所以此处kind要变为反义词unkind，表示“不友善的”，修饰名词“words”。 4．句意：上个月，当他正在和同学们交流的时候，一些人嘲笑他犯的小错误。when引导时间状语从句，描述过去某个时间正在发生的动作，用过去进行时；主语是“he”，be动词用was，communicate的现在分词形式为communicating。 5．句意：他担心自己的努力可能不会有回报，于是陷入了消极情绪。固定搭配be likely to do sth.意为“有可能做某事”，to后接动词原形pay。 6．句意：他曾把这段经历看作青少年时期最糟糕的回忆。空格前有“the”，范围是“in his teenage life”，要用形容词最高级，ugly的最高级形式为ugliest。 7．句意：为了改变这种状态，他每天在不同词典里查阅生词，并努力改正自己的缺点。空格前“different”表示“不同的”，后接可数名词复数，dictionary的复数形式为dictionaries。 8．句意：面对质疑时，他学会做出明智的决定，从不轻易放弃。空格前“wise”是形容词，后面需接名词，decide的名词形式是decision，此处用复数形式decisions，固定短语make decisions意为“做决定”。 9．句意：到现在为止，Jack在提升自我方面取得巨大成功。“Up to now”是现在完成时标志，主语Jack是第三人称单数，助动词用has，动词succeed的过去分词为succeeded。 10．句意：他告诉我们，丰富的想象力和坚定的自信是抵御外界杂音最好的武器。空格前“rich”是形容词，后面接名词；imagine是动词，其名词形式为imagination，为不可数名词。 Passage 4 Ludwig van Beethoven is recognized as one of the greatest 1 (music) who ever lived. He used his 2 (imagine) to create music that moved people to tears. Yet his life was far from easy. From an early age, he 3 (drive) by his father to practise the piano for hours every day. Though he was often tired and unhappy, he never gave up. Later, he moved to Vienna, where he managed 4 (become) a great composer. He 5 (create) a new piece when he noticed he could no longer hear the notes he was playing. It was a terrible blow for him. However, his love for music never died. He 6 (stick) to composing music, and he believed that true genius is not about hearing, but about listening with the heart. His 7 (die) in 1827 was a great loss to the world, but his music 8 (remember) forever. Today, people all over the world speak 9 (high) of his works. Not only his amazing talent but also his strong will 10 (inspire) countless people since then. His life story teaches us that we should never give up even in the face of great difficulties. 【答案】 1．musicians 2．imagination 3．was driven 4．to become 5．was creating 6．stuck 7．death 8．will be remembered 9．highly 10．has inspired 【导语】本文介绍贝多芬的生平，讲述他克服耳聋坚持创作音乐，用顽强意志激励后人的故事。 【详解】1．句意：路德维希·凡·贝多芬被认为是有史以来最伟大的音乐家之一。固定结构one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数，music是名词“音乐”，对应的表示人的名词musician，此处用复数musicians。 2．句意：他用他的想象力创作出打动人们落泪的音乐。形容词性物主代词his后面接名词，imagine是动词“想象”，名词形式imagination。 3．句意：从小，他被父亲逼迫每天练习数小时钢琴。主语he和drive之间是被动关系，事情发生在过去，使用一般过去时的被动语态，he是第三人称单数，应使用was，drive的过去分词driven。 4．句意：后来，他搬到维也纳，在那里他设法成为一名伟大的作曲家。固定搭配manage to do sth.意为“设法做成某事”，to后接动词原形become。 5．句意：当他发现再也听不到自己弹奏的音符时，他正在创作一首新曲子。本句为过去进行时，表示过去某一时刻正在发生的动作，create的过去进行时was creating。 6．句意：然而，他对音乐的热爱从未消逝。固定短语stick to意为“坚持”，全文为一般过去时，stick的过去式stuck。 7．句意：他1827年的离世是世界巨大的损失。形容词性物主代词His后接名词，die是动词“死亡”，名词形式death。 8．句意：但是他的音乐将会被永远铭记。主语his music和remember之间为被动关系，表达将来会一直被记住，一般将来时被动语态表达为will be+过去分词，remember的过去分词remembered。 9．句意：如今，全世界的人们高度评价他的作品。修饰动词speak，要用副词；high是形容词，副词形式highly。 10．句意：不只是他惊人的天赋，还有他强大的意志鼓舞了无数后世的人。强调动作从过去持续到现在，现在完成时，inspire的现在完成时has inspired。 Passage 5 Adolescence (青春期) is a difficult time for teenagers. It happens when you are aged between thirteen and nineteen. 1 your body changes, you also begin to think 2 (different). For example, you used to be very happy in the company (陪伴) of your parents. But now you need your own space and some privacy. In 3 past, your parents made most decisions for you, but now you want to decide things for 4 (you). All these changes are perfectly normal. But it is important to remember that they will influence your relationship with your parents. So what can you do 5 (make) sure that you stay on good terms with your parents? Firstly, your parents will feel much 6 (well) if you let them know that you still love and value them. Secondly, try to agree with your family rules. You may think they are 7 (necessary), 8 your parents’ main concern is just to keep you safe. Once you have agreed with the rules, try to stick to them. Finally, it’s all about 9 (communicate)! Keep talking to your parents, tell them about what you did today, let them know 10 you are going, and ask for advice if you need it. 【答案】 1．As 2．differently 3．the 4．yourself 5．to make 6．better 7．unnecessary 8．but 9．communication 10．where 【导语】本文介绍青春期青少年身心会发生变化，这些变化会影响和父母的关系，并且给出三条和父母好好相处的建议。 【详解】1．句意：随着你的身体发生变化，你的思维方式也开始变得不一样。as引导时间状语从句，表示“随着”，放句首首字母大写。 2．句意：随着你的身体发生变化，你的思维方式也开始变得不一样。此处修饰动词think，要用different的副词形式differently。 3．句意：在过去，你的父母为你做大部分决定。固定搭配in the past，表示“在过去”。 4．句意：但是现在你想要自己做决定。for oneself 独自；yourself表示“你自己”。 5．句意：那么你可以做些什么来确保和父母保持良好关系呢？此处用不定式to make作目的状语。 6．句意：首先，如果你让父母知道你仍然爱他们、重视他们，他们会感觉好很多。much后面接形容词比较级，well的比较级是better。 7．句意：你也许觉得这些家规没有必要，但是父母主要是想保护你的安全。根据后文转折逻辑，此处填necessary的反义词unnecessary（没有必要的）。 8．句意：你也许觉得这些家规没有必要，但是父母主要是想保护你的安全。前后是转折关系，用连词but。 9．句意：最后，关键在于沟通！介词about后面需要名词，communicate的名词形式是communication。 10．句意：和父母持续沟通，告诉他们你今天做了什么，让他们知道你要去哪里，需要帮助就寻求建议。where引导宾语从句，表示地点。 Passage 6 A 60-centimetre egg tart has recently become a huge online hit across China. Many young people are willing to wait in long queues for hours 1 (patient) just to get one. This special egg tart looks much 2 (long) than traditional ones, but it tastes just the same as common round egg tarts. Its 3 (surprise) shape gives it great social value. Most buyers do not rush to eat it right away. Instead, they take photos and share it 4 social media (社交平台), so the product 5 (spread) recently. Workers cannot keep up with the rising needs. Factories work day and night 6 (produce) semi-finished products and send 7 (they) to shops in different cities. People hold different views. Some think it is fun to share this special egg tart with friends. Others warn that over one thousand kilocalories in 8 single long tart may bring health risks. Industry experts (专家) say this is not a new online phenomenon (现象). These big-sized snacks draw attention fast, 9 their popularity often disappears soon. The long egg tart reminds us not to judge a kind of food only by its looks. After the sense of 10 (excite) dies down, most people will go back to simple and tasty daily snacks. 【答案】 1．patiently 2．longer 3．surprising 4．on/through 5．spreads/has spread 6．to produce 7．them 8．a 9．but 10．excitement 【导语】本文介绍一款60厘米长的蛋挞走红网络的现象，讲述它走红的原因、人们不同的看法，并指出这类网红小吃热度往往褪去很快。 【详解】1．句意：很多年轻人愿意耐心排几小时的长队，只为买到一个。空格修饰动词wait，需要用副词，patient的副词形式是patiently。 2．句意：这款特别的蛋挞看起来比传统蛋挞长得多，但是味道和普通圆形蛋挞一样。句中有than，表示比较，long要变为比较级longer。 3．句意：它令人惊奇的外形赋予了它很高的社交价值。空格修饰事物shape，用形容词surprising，表示令人惊讶的。 4．句意：相反，他们拍照并且在社交平台上分享。on social media是固定搭配，表示在社交媒体上；through social media也符合语义，表示通过社交平台。 5．句意：所以这款产品最近传播开来。句中有recently，可用现在完成时has spread；也可以用一般现在时spreads描述客观情况。 6．句意：工厂日夜赶工来生产半成品。此处用不定式to produce作目的状语，说明工厂连夜工作的目的。 7．句意：并且把它们送往不同城市的门店。动词send后面接宾格，they的宾格是them，指代前面的半成品。 8．句意：另一些人提醒，单个长蛋挞里面超过一千卡路里，可能带来健康风险。a single为固定表达，表示“一个、单个”。 9．句意：这些超大的小吃迅速吸引眼球，但是它们的热度常常很快褪去。前后两句存在转折关系，用连词but。 10．句意：在兴奋感消退之后，大多数人会回归简单美味的日常小吃。介词of后接名词，excite的名词形式是excitement。 Passage 7 Nowadays, with huge loads from study, relationships, and self-development, many teenagers are suffering from 1 (hide) mental issues. Stress from schoolwork is the most common trigger. Piles of homework and high expectations from parents and teachers keep teenagers under constant pressure, making it hard for them to stay 2 (focus) in their daily studies. Relationship problems also play a big part. Difficulties in 3 (get) along with classmates can cause deep emotional suffering. Conflicts (矛盾) with parents drive them even 4 (mad). Many even dare not stand up 5 their true thoughts when facing unfair treatment or conflicting opinions. Moreover, social media brings new and unexpected challenges. The virtual online world is full of risks, and teenagers can hardly tell 6 they are really talking to behind the cold screen. Without proper guidance and safety awareness, they may easily fall into carefully set traps, risking 7 (be) hurt by people with ill intentions (意图). It is 8 shame to merely acknowledge the problem without taking action to solve it. Therefore, all sectors of society should act immediately. Teenagers 9 (they) should also learn to bravely voice their true feelings. Before their negative emotions escalate (恶化) out of control, they must make the right 10 (decide) to seek professional help. 【答案】 1．hidden 2．focused 3．getting 4．madder 5．for 6．who 7．being 8．a 9．themselves 10．decision 【导语】本文介绍了青少年面临的学习、人际关系、社交媒体等多方面心理压力，呼吁社会与青少年自身采取行动，及时处理负面情绪。 【详解】1．句意：如今，由于学习、人际关系和自我发展的巨大压力，许多青少年正遭受隐性的心理问题。此处修饰名词mental issues，要用形容词，hide的形容词形式是hidden表示“隐藏的，隐性的”。 2．句意：堆积如山的作业以及来自父母和老师的高期待让青少年长期处于压力之下，使他们很难在日常学习中保持专注。stay是系动词，后面接形容词作表语，focus的形容词focused意为“专注的”，stay focused“保持专注”为固定搭配。 3．句意：与同学相处方面的困难会造成深深的情感痛苦。固定搭配difficulties (in) doing sth.表示“做某事有困难”，介词in可以省略，所以get变为getting。 4．句意：和父母之间的矛盾使他们甚至更加恼火。even用来修饰形容词比较级，表示“甚至更……”，mad的比较级是madder。 5．句意：很多青少年在面对不公待遇或者观点冲突时，甚至不敢维护自己真实的想法。固定短语stand up for意为“支持；维护”。 6．句意：虚拟的网络世界充满风险，青少年很难分辨在冰冷的屏幕背后，他们真正交谈的对象是谁。tell后面是宾语从句，从句中talk to缺少宾语，指人，用连接代词who。 7．句意：缺少恰当引导和安全意识，他们很容易落入精心布置的圈套，有被居心不良的人伤害的风险。固定用法risk doing sth.“冒险做某事”；主语they和hurt之间是被动关系，因此用being hurt，所以此处填being。 8．句意：仅仅承认问题却不采取行动去解决是一件憾事。固定句型“It is a shame to do sth.”意为“做某事是一件憾事”。 9．句意：青少年自己也应该学会勇敢说出真实感受。此处作Teenagers的同位语，强调“青少年本人”，要用反身代词themselves。 10．句意：在负面情绪失控恶化之前，他们必须做出正确的决定寻求专业帮助。形容词right后面接名词，decide的名词形式是decision；make the right decision“做出正确的决定”是固定搭配。 Passage 8 At the school’s annual charity sale last year, Xiao Yu thought the event was just a silly chance to hang out with friends. He didn’t take it seriously, and messed around during preparation instead of 1 (cooperate) with his group members. As a result, most of their goods 2 (leave) unsold, and their group ranked last. He was deeply sad about his 3 (care) attitude (态度), which made the group miss the chance to help more kids. This year, the sale is coming soon. The headteacher first explained the purpose of the activity: all money raised 4 (use) to buy stationery for kids in poor areas. She asked everyone 5 (consider) what students really need, and choose popular, affordable goods to sell. Xiao Yu’s energetic personality and good organizing skill perfectly 6 (suit) the role of group leader. His teammates all remain confident that they can do much better this time. To make the group 7 (success), Xiao Yu made a clear plan. He will cut back on his pocket money for snacks to buy cheaper but more popular notebooks and pens. He will stick to spending 30 minutes after school every day to sort and price the goods, and stay focused during the whole preparation process. He knows he can’t risk making the same silly mistake again. Up to now, they 8 (prepare) plenty of things for the charity sale. He believes as long as the group cooperates well, they will 9 (probable) become the 10 (win) of this year’s sale and bring more help to those kids. 【答案】 1．cooperating 2．were left 3．careless 4．will be used 5．to consider 6．suit 7．successful 8．have prepared 9．probably 10．winners 【导语】本文讲述小宇去年在校园慈善义卖中态度散漫导致小组失利，今年吸取教训认真筹备义卖活动的故事。 【详解】1．句意：他并没有把这件事当回事，准备期间一直敷衍胡闹，没有和小组成员配合。“instead of”为介词短语，后面接动名词作宾语，cooperate变动名词cooperating。 2．句意：结果，他们大部分商品没卖出去，小组排名最后。“their goods”和leave之间是被动关系；整篇讲述去年的事，用一般过去时；“goods”是复数，be动词用were，leave的过去分词为left。 3．句意：他为自己粗心的态度深感难过，这使小组错失帮助更多孩子的机会。此处修饰名词“attitude”，需要形容词；根据前文他敷衍做事，可知是“粗心的”，care变为careless。 4．句意：班主任首先解释活动目的：所有筹集的钱将被用来为贫困地区的孩子购买文具。 “money”和use是被动关系；这是今年将要发生的事，用一般将来时的被动语态will be used。 5．句意：她要求每个人考虑学生真正需要什么，选受欢迎、价格合适的商品售卖。 固定搭配ask sb. to do sth.意为“要求某人做某事”，应用动词不定式to consider。 6．句意：小宇精力充沛的性格和良好的组织能力完全适合组长这个角色。主语“Xiao Yu’s energetic personality and good organizing skill”为复数，时态为一般现在时，谓语动词用原形suit。 7．句意：为了让小组取得成功，小宇制定了清晰的计划。 固定结构make+宾语+形容词，意为“使……怎么样”，success变为形容词successful。 8．句意：到目前为止，他们已经为慈善义卖准备了很多东西。 时间标志“Up to now”提示句子要用现在完成时；主语为“they”，助动词用have，prepare的过去分词为prepared。 9．句意：他相信只要小组好好配合，他们或许能成为今年义卖活动的获胜者，给那些孩子带去更多帮助。 此处修饰动词“become”，要用副词，probable变为probably。 10．句意：他相信只要小组好好配合，他们或许能成为今年义卖活动的获胜者，给那些孩子带去更多帮助。空格前“the”后接名词，主语是“they”，表示“获胜者”要用win的名词复数形式winners。 18 / 18乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $