专题04 选词填空-【题型易-必考题型精练】2026-2027学年八年级上册英语期中考 满分冲刺考前梯度特训（人教版）

考前特训 专题04 选词填空 期中考满分冲刺（广东专用） 姓名：___________班级：___________座号：___________ 内容提要 题型分析 解题指导 集中突破 一、题型定位 “选词填空”属于“语言知识运用”板块，形式是给出一篇挖空 10 处的短文和一个含 12 个词的词库，要求选出适当的词并用其正确形式填空，每空一词、每词限用一次，有两个词多余。它同时考三件事：词库里选哪个词（词义与搭配）、填进去要不要变形（词性与词形）、全文逻辑通不通（时态与照应）。 二、命题形式与题量 以“短文 + 词库方框 + 10 个设空”的形式呈现，本次特训共 12 篇、120 题，正文词数在 149–235 词之间。短文首句通常不设空，用来交代话题、人物与时间背景；词库给出的是原形词，填进去常常需要变形（名词变复数、动词变过去式或 -ing、形容词变副词、形容词变比较级、代词变宾格或反身代词）。 三、核心考点分布（基于本次特训 120 题梳理） 通过逐题梳理本次特训的 120 道题，考点集中在以下八类： （1）名词与名词单复数（19 题，约占 16%）：thousands of visitors、classmates、flowers、pictures、activities、hands、characters、chores、fans 等需变复数；countryside、trouble、face、time、friend、smile、bathroom、guide 等直接取原形。 （2）词性转换与派生（20 题，约占 17%）：friendly（名→形）、especially / really / suddenly / carefully / probably / quietly（形→副）、pleasure / arrival / difference（动或形→名）、surprised / excited / relaxing / bored / dead / useful（动或名→形）。这是占比最高的一类，也是失分重灾区。 （3）动词的时态与非谓语（17 题，约占 14%）：过去式 spent / felt / caught / saw / got / decided / performed / followed，过去分词 known，三单 becomes；以及介词后、than 后、spend…doing 一类结构中的 seeing / searching / playing / telling / camping / doing。 （4）动词词义与动词原形（12 题，约占 10%）：drink、make、protect、clean、wash、share、attend、spend、take、decide、dislike 按语境取义，另含 be 动词 are 与主语数的一致。 （5）形容词、副词与比较等级（16 题，约占 13%）：fantastic、little、other、glad、hard、spare、real、sometimes、Perhaps 按语境取本义；fewer、better、younger、stronger 等比较级与 best 一类最高级，由 than、much、even 等信号词提示。 （6）连词与句间逻辑（13 题，约占 11%）：because 表原因，but 表转折（出现 5 次），when / until 表时间，so 表结果，and 表并列。判断前后分句是并列、转折、因果还是时间是解题关键。 （7）代词（11 题，约占 9%）：their 一类物主代词，us / him / her / them 一类宾格，themselves、myself 一类反身代词，以及 by oneself 的固定搭配。 （8）介词、冠词与固定搭配（12 题，约占 10%）：from、with、at、about、along、without、during 等介词，the、to 等冠词与不定式符号，以及 thousands of、listen to、spend…doing、arrival at 一类固定结构。 四、难度与趋势 整体难度中等：词库已给出候选词，省去了“凭空想词”的环节，难点从“写什么”转为“变什么形”。近年趋势是弱化纯语法记忆、强化“语境 + 搭配 + 词形变化”的综合判断——所给词几乎都需要变形，且常出现两词近义（surprised 与 excited、probably 与 perhaps）需要靠搭配区分。因此训练重点应放在“词性判定”和“变形规则”两块，而不是背孤立单词。 一、四步解题法 第一步：跳过空格通读全文，抓主旨、时态与人物。全文若是叙事（last month、last year），动词多半要变过去式；若是说明或议论，则多用一般现在时。 第二步：把 12 个词库词按词性归类，标注名词、动词、形容词、副词、连词、介词、代词，把每个空的候选范围缩小到两三个。 第三步：逐空判断。先看句子缺什么成分定词性——缺主语宾语找名词、缺谓语找动词、修饰名词找形容词、修饰动词找副词、连接句子找连词；再看固定搭配与上下文决定词义；最后按需变形。 第四步：填完通读复核。逐一检查：时态是否一致、名词单复数是否吻合、形容词副词是否加 -ly、每词是否只用一次、剩下的词是否恰好两个。 二、结合本次特训题目的实战点拨 【点拨1】词性转换——形容词变副词，以 Passage 5 题 4 为例：原文 “Alice agreed and washed her father’s car very ___.” 空格在 very 之后、修饰动词 washed，需要副词，故把 careful 变为 carefully，填 carefully。提示：very、really、quite 之后以及修饰动词时要用副词；反过来 be 动词后、修饰名词时用形容词，这是最常考的一组转换。 【点拨2】名词复数与固定搭配，以 Passage 1 题 3 为例：原文 “There are ___ of visitors every year.” 前面是 There are（复数），后面是 of，thousand 要变为 thousands，构成 thousands of（数以千计的）。提示：thousands of、hundreds of 一类表示约数的结构，数词必须加 -s 并接 of；看到 There are / many / some 也要想到名词用复数。 【点拨3】动词时态——叙事文中的过去式，以 Passage 5 题 8 为例：原文 “There on the seat she ___ the present for her” 全文讲母亲节那天发生的事，通篇用过去时，故 see 要变为 saw。提示：先通读定时态是最省力的办法，凡遇 last month、yesterday、the next morning 一类时间标志，动词几乎都要变过去式，注意记住 see—saw、get—got、catch—caught、feel—felt 等不规则变化。 【点拨4】动词 -ing——介词与固定结构后的动名词，以 Passage 1 题 7 为例：原文 “They thought nothing could be more exciting than ___ animals.” than 在此连接比较的对象，与 nothing 对应，see 要变为 seeing。提示：介词后、than 后、spend…doing、have fun doing、practise doing 一类结构中，动词一律用 -ing 形式，看到这些信号词直接变形即可。 【点拨5】连词与句间逻辑——转折关系，以 Passage 8 题 9 为例：原文 “just as they finished their work, it started raining.” 前句说兄妹俩刚把沙堡堆好，空格后紧接着说下起雨来，前后是转折关系，句首用 But。提示：连词题把前后两句各缩成一句话，再判断是并列（and）、转折（but）、因果（because / so）还是时间（when / until），句首大写也不要漏。 【点拨6】反身代词与固定搭配，以 Passage 11 题 3 为例：原文 “the housework that they will have to do when they live by ___” 主语是 they，by oneself 表示“独自地”，故把 they 变为 themselves。提示：by oneself 是高频固定搭配，反身代词必须与主语人称一致——I 对 myself、they 对 themselves、he 对 himself。 【点拨7】比较等级——由 than 判定，以 Passage 7 题 1 为例：原文 “she usually gets ___ grades than me in the tests” 空格后有 than，是比较级的明确信号，good 的比较级是 better，故填 better。提示：than、much、even、a lot、of the two 提示比较级；the、of all、in my class 一类范围词提示最高级，同时别忘了 good—better—best 这类不规则变化。 【点拨8】介词——表“带有、具有”，以 Passage 4 题 2 为例：原文 “It was a black and white cat ___ bright eyes.” 空格后是身体特征 bright eyes，表示“长着一双明亮眼睛的猫”，用 with。提示：介词题看空格前后两个词的逻辑关系——with 表伴随或具有、from 表来源、without 表没有、along 表沿着、during 表在……期间，把词义代进去读一遍就能定。 三、易错提醒 • 每空一词、每词限用一次、有两词多余：填完后务必数一遍，用掉 10 个、剩下恰好 2 个才算正确。 • 先定词性再定词义：词性判错，变形一定跟着错，thousands 只有接 of 才成立，classmates / flowers 要看主语单复数。 • 变形后必须“二次检查”：名词看单复数、动词看时态与 -ing、形容词副词看 -ly 与比较级、代词看格。 • 固定搭配优先于“感觉”：thousands of、by oneself、spend…doing、practise doing、listen to 认出来就不必逐词翻译。 • 连词题看前后句的逻辑关系，句首的 But / Because / During 不要漏掉大写。 • 近义词要辨搭配：surprised 与 excited、probably 与 perhaps 都可能出现在同一词库，靠固定搭配与感情色彩区分。 Passage 1 feel    especially    thousand    because    spend    surprise with    see    friend    fantastic    the    countryside I’m Tengfei. I live in Hangzhou now. Hangzhou has many 1 places. The people are kind, so it is easy to meet someone 2 when you walk around this city. There are 3 of visitors every year. Some people even make deals (交易) here 4 they think they can not only have fun but also make money in this beautiful city. My sister lives in the 5 . She usually can’t wait to visit me in summer. She has two small kids, Mingming and Huahua. Last month, they came to my house and 6 a whole month here. The kids’ favourite place was the Zoo. They thought nothing could be more exciting than 7 animals. They were 8 to see some special animals, 9 the scary snakes. The kids also went to the Museum of Science and Industry. They found many exciting things there, so they never 10 bored. Hangzhou is a great city and it is worth (值得) visiting. 【答案】 1．fantastic 2．friendly 3．thousands 4．because 5．countryside 6．spent 7．seeing 8．surprised 9．especially 10．felt 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者介绍杭州的魅力，讲述姐姐一家来杭游玩的愉快经历，推荐杭州值得游览。 【详解】1．句意：杭州有很多很棒的地方。此处缺少形容词修饰名词places，后文介绍杭州宜居、游客众多的内容表明杭州有很多好去处，fantastic“极好的”符合语境。 2．句意：这里的人很友善，所以你在城市闲逛时很容易遇到友善的人。此处缺少形容词作后置定语修饰someone，前文“The people are kind”表明当地人很友善，friend的形容词friendly“友好的”符合语境。 3．句意：每年有成千上万的游客。此处构成固定概数表达，thousands of“成千上万的”符合游客量大的语境，thousand的复数thousands符合用法和语境。 4．句意：有些人甚至在这里交易，因为他们认为在这座美丽城市里既能玩乐又能赚钱。此处缺少连词连接前后两个分句，“在这座城市里既能玩乐又能赚钱”是“人们在此交易”的原因，because“因为”符合逻辑。 5．句意：我的姐姐住在乡下。定冠词the后接名词，此处介绍姐姐的居住地点，countryside“乡下”符合语境。 6．句意：上个月他们来我家，在这里待了一整个月。此处缺少谓语动词，与came并列，是过去式，“a whole month here”表明他们待在这里一整个月，spend“度过”的过去式spent符合语境。 7．句意：他们觉得没有什么比看动物更令人兴奋的了。后文“They were ... to see some special animals”表明是看动物，than后接动名词，see的动名词seeing“观看”符合语境。 8．句意：他们看到一些特别的动物很惊讶，尤其是吓人的蛇。此处缺少形容词作表语，且修饰人的感受，“They were ... to see some special animals”表明看到特别的动物应是惊讶的，surprise的形容词surprised“感到惊讶的”符合语境。 9．句意：他们看到一些特别的动物很惊讶，尤其是吓人的蛇。此处缺少副词作状语，“some special animals, ... the scary snakes”表明此处是特殊动物的举例强调，especially“尤其”符合逻辑。 10．句意：他们在那里发现很多有意思的东西，所以从不觉得无聊。此处缺少系动词，整段为一般过去时，“they never ... bored”指他们不会感到无聊，feel的过去式felt“感到”符合语境。 Passage 2 other；from；drink；but；little；make；be；another；they；carry; trouble；dry You may think there is nothing but sand in the desert of the world, 1 it is not true. In the desert we can find stones. We can see hills, too. There is a 2 rain in the desert, but it is not enough for most plants. The animals 3 useful to the desert people in many ways. The desert people eat the meat and 4 the milk of the animals. They use their skins to 5 shoes, water bags and even tents (帐篷). They use the camels (骆驼) for 6 things. The people of the desert have to keep moving 7 place to place. They must always look for grass or desert plants for their animals. They usually live in the tents. When there is no more food for 8 animals, they take down their tents, put them on the camels and move to 9 place. The desert people are very friendly. No man in the desert would ever refuse to help the people in 10 and give them food and water. 【答案】 1．but 2．little 3．are 4．drink 5．make 6．other 7．from 8．their 9．another 10．trouble 【导语】本文主要介绍沙漠的自然环境，介绍沙漠动物对当地居民的用处，讲述沙漠居民不断迁徙的生活特点，体现沙漠人民友善的品质。 【详解】1．句意：你可能认为世界上的沙漠里除了沙子什么都没有，但这并不是真的。此处需要一个连词，在句中表示转折语义。根据文中“You may think there is nothing but sand in the desert of the world”和“it is not true”，前后两句语义相反，存在转折关系，所以选择but。方框中的but合适，无需变形。 2．句意：沙漠里雨水稀少，但这点雨水对大多数植物来说仍旧不够。此处需要一个限定词，修饰不可数名词rain。根据文中“but it is not enough for most plants”，能够得知沙漠下雨很少，a little表示有少量，所以选择little。方框中的little合适，无需变形。 3．句意：动物在很多方面对沙漠居民很有用。此处需要一个be动词，在句中作谓语。根据文中主语“The animals”是复数，固定搭配be useful to表示“对……有用”，所以选择be。方框中的be合适，要变为一般现在时复数形式are。 4．句意：沙漠里的人们吃动物的肉，喝动物的奶。此处需要一个动词原形，和eat并列充当谓语。根据文中“the milk of the animals”，牛奶是用来饮用的，所以选择drink。方框中的drink合适，无需变形。 5．句意：他们利用动物的皮去制作鞋子、水袋甚至帐篷。此处需要一个动词原形。根据文中“They use their skins to ___ shoes”，固定搭配use sth. to do sth.“用某物做某事”，make表示制作，所以选择make。方框中的make合适，无需变形。 6．句意：他们使用骆驼来做其他的事情。此处需要一个形容词，修饰复数名词things。结合前文已经列举沙漠动物的部分用途，此处指其余的事，other表示其他的，所以选择other。方框中的other合适，无需变形。 7．句意：沙漠的人们必须不断搬迁，从一个地方到另一个地方。此处需要一个介词。根据文中“place to place”，固定搭配from…to…意为“从……到……”，所以选择from。方框中的from合适，位于句首需首字母大写。 8．句意：当没有更多食物供他们的动物食用时，他们就拆下帐篷，把帐篷放到骆驼身上，搬迁到另一个地方。此处需要形容词性物主代词，修饰名词animals。根据文中“The people of the desert”，此处表达“他们的动物”，所以选择they。方框中的they合适，要变为形容词性物主代词their。 9．句意：当没有更多食物供他们的动物食用时，他们就拆下帐篷，把帐篷放到骆驼身上，搬迁到另一个地方。此处需要限定词，修饰单数名词place。根据上下文，离开旧的居住地去往另外一处地方，another表示(三者及以上中的)另一个，所以选择another。方框中的another合适，无需变形。 10．句意：在沙漠中没有人会拒绝帮助陷入困境的人们，给他们食物和水。此处需要一个名词。根据文中固定搭配in trouble“处于困境之中”，所以选择trouble。方框中的trouble合适，无需变形。 Passage 3 but  few  become  protect  so  search  please  real  die  without  we  in What will our world be like if there are no insects? Maybe it will give you much 1 when there are no bad insects in your everyday life. 2 this could cause many problems in fact. The number of insects is dropping these years. There are also 3 places for insects to live in than before. It 4 a worrying natural problem now. What will happen if all insects die out? I think it will be 5 serious. We need insects to break down (分解) 6 plants and animals and turn them into new things. It provides 7 with the healthy soil (土壤). Besides, insects are food for lots of animals. The animals will be hungry or die 8 them. Then what should we do? The scientists spend lots of time 9 for better ways to control the terrible situation. One of the suggestions (建议) is that people should understand nature and change their ideas about insects as soon as possible (尽可能). As students, we should 10 our mother nature at an early age and start with small actions. 【答案】 1．pleasure 2．But 3．fewer 4．becomes 5．really 6．dead 7．us 8．without 9．searching 10．protect 【导语】本文介绍了如今昆虫数量正不断下降的现状，分析了如果所有昆虫灭绝将会引发的严重后果，同时呼吁人们尽早转变对昆虫的看法，从点滴小事做起，保护自然生态。 【详解】1．句意：也许日常生活中没有害虫会给你带来很多快乐。结合“when there are no bad insects”及常识可知，没有昆虫会带来快乐，much修饰不可数名词，备选词please的名词形式为pleasure，符合语境。 2．句意：但事实上，这可能会导致许多问题。前文提到没有害虫可能带来快乐，后文说这实际上会引起很多问题，前后为转折关系，且位于句首，首字母需大写，备选词But符合语境。 3．句意：昆虫的栖息地也比以前少了。根据“than before”可知此处需用比较级，修饰复数名词“places”应用备选词few的比较级fewer，意为“更少的”。 4．句意：现在，这已成为一个令人担忧的自然问题。此处是系表结构，主语“It”为第三人称单数，时间状语“now”提示一般现在时，备选词become变为becomes，意为“变成”。 5．句意：我认为这将是非常严重的。此处需用副词修饰形容词“serious”，备选词real的副词形式“really”，意为“真正地”。 6．句意：我们需要昆虫来分解死去的植物和动物，把它们变成新的东西。此处修饰名词“plants and animals”，结合“break down”可知，是分解死去的动植物，需用die的形容词形式dead，意为“死的”。 7．句意：它为我们提供了健康的土壤。provide sb. sth.“提供某人某物”，此处作“provide”的宾语，需用we的宾格形式us。 8．句意：没有它们，动物们会挨饿或死亡。备选词without意为“没有”，符合语境。 9．句意：科学家们花了大量时间寻找更好的方法来控制这种可怕的情况。由“spend lots of time...for better ways”可知，spend time (in) doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“花费时间做某事”，此处表示寻找方法，备选词search需用动名词形式searching。 10．句意：作为学生，我们应该从小就保护我们的自然母亲，从小事做起。“should”为情态动词，后接动词原形。此处表示保护自然，备选词protect“保护”符合语境。 Passage 4 catch   but   play   he   by   excite   sudden   when   and   with   classmate   face Matt is a primary school student. He loves little animals very much. One day 1 he was on his way to school, he saw a homeless cat sitting in a box. It was a black and white cat 2 bright eyes. “How lovely it is!” Matt said to himself. He couldn’t help spending some time 3 with it. The little cat followed him as he left for school. Matt decided to take the cat to school. He put the cat in his schoolbag and went to school happily. After Matt went into the classroom, he told some 4 about the cat. As he opened the schoolbag, the cat 5 jumped out and started running around the classroom. Everyone in the class was very 6 . Just at that time, the teacher came in and 7 the cat quickly. Matt was embarrassed (尴尬的) and his 8 turned red. To Matt’s surprise, the teacher said to 9 with a smile, “Matt, it’s good to help the homeless cat, 10 don’t bring it to school.” Matt nodded his head. 【答案】 1．when 2．with 3．playing 4．classmates 5．suddenly 6．excited 7．caught 8．face 9．him 10．but 【导语】本文讲述小学生Matt在上学路上遇到一只流浪小猫，偷偷把猫带到学校而引发的故事。 【详解】1．句意：有一天，当他在去上学的路上，他看见一只流浪猫待在盒子里。此处缺少时间状语从句引导词，when意为“当……时候”，引导时间状语从句，符合语境。 2．句意：它是一只长着明亮眼睛的黑白相间的猫。根据“明亮眼睛”可知，空处表示“带有、具有”，介词with用来引出事物附带的特征，with bright eyes作后置定语修饰cat。 3．句意：他忍不住花一些时间和它玩耍。固定结构spend time (in) doing sth.表示“花费时间做某事”，play意为“玩耍”，变为动名词playing。 4．句意：Matt走进教室之后，他把这只猫的事告诉了一些同学。根据“走进教室”，可知此处指告诉同学，classmate意为“同学”，some后面接可数名词复数classmates。 5．句意：当他打开书包，猫突然跳出来，开始在教室里四处跑。此处需要副词修饰动词jumped，sudden是形容词，副词形式suddenly意为“突然地”，符合语境。 6．句意：班里的每个人都非常兴奋。猫在教室里跑，同学们应该很兴奋，此处修饰人，excite转换为形容词excited，表示“感到兴奋的”。 7．句意：就在那个时候，老师走了进来，迅速抓住了这只猫。此处指老师进来抓住猫，catch意为“抓住”，and连接并列谓语，时态和came保持一般过去时，用过去式caught。 8．句意：Matt很尴尬，他的脸变红了。形容词性物主代词his后接名词，face意为“脸”，his face turned red表示“他的脸变红”，符合尴尬的状态。 9．句意：令Matt意外的是，老师微笑着对他说“Matt，帮助流浪猫是好事，但是不要把它带到学校。”。介词to后面用人称代词宾格，he的宾格him，指代Matt。 10．句意：令Matt意外的是，老师微笑着对他说“Matt，帮助流浪猫是好事，但是不要把它带到学校。”。前后两个分句存在转折关系，but意为“但是”，符合语境。 Passage 5 glad  they  see  leave  best  flower  careful  when  clean  until  about  plant Alice needed some money for a Mother’s Day present. She told her father 1 her problem. “I’ll pay you to do the housework if you want. You can 2 the house,” her father said. “You can also wash my car and Mum’s. You can see they’re really dirty. Both of 3 need to be washed.” Alice agreed and washed her father’s car very 4 . “It is too late. You don’t have time to wash Mum’s car,” Dad said 5 he paid her. The next morning Alice got up early. First she washed her mother’s car 6 it was very clean. Then she went to the flower shop and bought a bunch (束) of 7 . After breakfast Alice asked her mother to go to the garage (车库). “Wow!” Alice’s mother said. “My car is gleaming (发光的).” “Open the door, Mum,” Alice said. Alice’s mother opened the door. There on the seat she 8 the present for her—some beautiful flowers. “Happy Mother’s Day!” Alice said. Alice’s mother was very 9 . She gave her a big hug and said, “Thank you, honey. This is the 10 present for me.” 【答案】 1．about 2．clean 3．them 4．carefully 5．when 6．until 7．flowers 8．saw 9．glad 10．best 【导语】本文讲述Alice为给妈妈准备母亲节礼物，帮爸爸做家务挣钱，提前早起清洗妈妈的汽车，买来鲜花当作礼物，妈妈十分感动的小故事。 【详解】1．句意：她把她的难题告诉爸爸。“tell sb. ____ sth.”表示“告诉某人某事”，固定搭配为“tell sb. about sth.”，需用介词about。其他单词不符合该短语用法。 2．句意：你可以打扫房子。情态动词can后接动词原形，clean the house是“打扫房子”，需用动词clean。结合做家务的语境，该词语义匹配。 3．句意：它们两个都需要清洗。介词of后要用人称代词宾格，they的宾格形式是them，both of them表示“它们两者”。主格they不能放在介词后面。 4．句意：Alice很仔细地清洗爸爸的车。修饰动词washed要使用副词，careful的副词形式是carefully，用来描述洗车这个动作。形容词careful不可修饰动词。 5．句意：爸爸付钱给她的时候说了这句话。when引导时间状语从句，表示“当……的时候”，指爸爸在支付酬劳时告诉Alice时间太晚，来不及清洗妈妈的车，符合故事时间逻辑。 6．句意：首先她清洗妈妈的车，直到车子变得非常干净。until表示“直到”，引导时间状语从句，表达洗车持续到干净为止，语义通顺。 7．句意：然后她去花店买了一束花。a bunch of后接可数名词复数，flower的复数形式为flowers，a bunch of flowers表示“一束花”。 8．句意：在座位上，她看见了送给妈妈的礼物——一些漂亮的鲜花。整篇短文使用一般过去时态，see的过去式是saw，描述过去看到的动作。 9．句意：Alice的妈妈非常高兴。系动词was后面接形容词作表语，glad 意为“高兴的”，贴合妈妈收到礼物后的心情。 10．句意：这是送给我的最好的礼物。定冠词the后面常接形容词最高级，best表示“最好的”，the best present 意为“最好的礼物”，符合语境。 Passage 6 nod    surprised    they    arrival    good    flower    until    time    wash    get    probably    forgetful Alice needed some money for a Mother’s Day present. She told her father about her plan. “You can 1 make money by doing the housework. You can clean our bathroom and living room or water plants on the balcony,” her father said. “You can also 2 my car and Mom’s. You can see they’re dirty. Both of 3 need washing.” Alice washed her father’s car carefully. “It is too late. You don’t have 4 to wash Mom’s car.” Dad said when he gave her money. The next morning Alice 5 up early. First she washed her mother’s car 6 it was very clean. Then she went to the flower shop and bought some 7 . After breakfast Alice asked her mother to go to the garage (车库). “Wow!” Alice’s mother said. “My car is gleaming (发光).” “Open the door, Mom,” Alice said. Alice’s mother opened the door. The beautiful flowers on the seat welcomed her 8 . “Happy Mother’s Day!” Alice said. Alice’s mother was very 9 . “Thank you, honey. This is the 10 present for me,” she said with tears in her eyes. 【答案】 1．probably 2．wash 3．them 4．time 5．got 6．until 7．flowers 8．arrival 9．surprised 10．best 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述爱丽丝为准备母亲节礼物，通过做家务挣钱，悄悄清洗妈妈的车并放上鲜花，给妈妈制造惊喜的暖心故事。 【详解】1．句意：你或许可以通过做家务赚钱。空格修饰动词make，需要副词。方框内probably是副词，表示“大概，或许”，符合语境。其余单词均不能作副词修饰动词，故填probably。 2．句意：你也可以清洗我的车和妈妈的车。情态动词can后面接动词原形。后文“You can see they're dirty”提示车辆需要清洗，方框内wash表示“清洗”，故填wash。 3．句意：它们俩都需要清洗。介词of后面要用人称代词宾格。此处指代前文的两辆车，they的宾格是them，both of them表示“它们两个”，故填them。 4．句意：太晚了，你没有时间清洗妈妈的车了。have time to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“有时间做某事”。time作不可数名词，表示“时间”，符合句子逻辑，故填time。 5．句意：第二天早上爱丽丝早早起床。固定短语get up表示“起床”。全文故事为一般过去时，get的过去式是got，故填got。 6．句意：一开始她清洗妈妈的车，直到车变得非常干净。until是连词，表示“直到”，用来描述动作持续到某个状态为止，贴合洗车这个过程，故填until。 7．句意：然后她去花店买了一些花。some后面接可数名词复数。flower是可数名词，此处用复数flowers，故填flowers。 8．句意：座位上美丽的鲜花迎接她的到来。形容词性物主代词her后面接名词。arrival是名词，意为“到达，到来”，her arrival表示“她的到来”，故填arrival。 9．句意：爱丽丝的妈妈非常惊讶。本句为主系表结构，用形容词作表语。surprised修饰人，表示“感到惊讶的”，用来描述妈妈的感受，故填surprised。 10．句意：这是给我最好的礼物。the后面常接形容词最高级。good的最高级是best，the best present表示最好的礼物，符合妈妈感动的语境，故填best。 Passage 7 friend  hard  good  because  she  at  tell  fantastic  share  but  picture  in My good friend Laura is my cousin. She is one year older than me. She lives in Bristol. She is hard-working, and she usually gets 1 grades than me in the tests. She always helps me with my study. We both like reading and swimming. We have the same hobbies, 2 we also have some differences. For example, she is more outgoing and likes 3 jokes, while I am a little quieter. Laura is good 4 singing. She practices singing 5 every day. She often sings in shows. She also studies drawing in 6 free time. She makes a lot of wonderful 7 . Last year, she won the first prize in the city art competition. I'm so proud of her. My favorite saying(谚语) is“A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart.”Laura is a 8 like this. She is always there for me when I need help, and her support makes me feel warm. We talk about everything together and always 9 our happiness and sadness with each other. I am lucky to have such a 10 friend. She teaches me a lot, and our friendship grows stronger every day. 【答案】 1．better 2．but 3．telling 4．at 5．hard 6．her 7．pictures 8．friend 9．share 10．fantastic 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者的好朋友兼表妹Laura的性格特点、爱好才艺以及她们之间深厚的友谊。 【详解】1．句意：她通常在考试中比我取得更好的成绩。此处需要一个形容词比较级，在句中作定语修饰名词grades，表示“更好的”。因为后面有比较标志词than，good的比较级是better，所以选择better。 2．句意：我们有相同的爱好，但我们也有一些不同之处。此处需要一个连词，在句中表转折逻辑。前半句“我们有相同爱好”，后半句“我们也有一些不同之处”，前后是转折关系，所以选择but。 3．句意：她更外向，喜欢讲笑话。此处需要动名词，作like的宾语。固定搭配like doing sth. 意为“喜欢做某事”；tell jokes是固定短语，意为“讲笑话”，tell变动名词telling，所以选择telling。 4．句意：Laura擅长唱歌。此处需要介词，构成固定短语。固定搭配be good at意为“擅长……”，后面接动名词，所以选择at。 5．句意：她每天努力练习唱歌。此处需要副词，修饰动词practices，表示“努力地”。句意为“她每天努力练习唱歌”，hard作副词表努力地，所以选择hard。 6．句意：她也在她的空闲时间学习绘画。此处需要形容词性物主代词，修饰名词free time，表示“她的”。in one’s free time意为“在某人的空闲时间”，she对应的物主代词her，所以选择her。 7．句意：她画了很多精彩的画。此处需要可数名词复数，作makes的宾语。a lot of后面接可数名词复数；前文说她学习画画，所以是创作很多漂亮的画作，picture变复数pictures，所以选择pictures。 8．句意：Laura就是这样的一位朋友。此处需要可数名词单数，在句中作表语。前文谚语讲真正的朋友，本句含义“Laura就是像这样的一位朋友”，a后接单数名词，所以选择friend。 9．句意：总是彼此分享我们的快乐和悲伤。此处需要动词原形，和talk并列作谓语。固定搭配share…with sb. 意为“和某人分享……”；and连接并列谓语，用动词原形，所以选择share。 10．句意：我很幸运有这样一个极好的朋友。此处需要形容词，修饰名词friend，作定语，表示“极好的，很棒的”。such a + 形容词 + 名词，所以选择fantastic。 Passage 8 to  but  the  along  surprise  sick  activity  with  decide  relax  bored  camp Emily and her family talked about their vacation trip. Emily wanted to go to the beach, but Alex, her brother, wanted to go 1 in the mountains. At last, they 2 to go to a place, and there they could do both. They left early 3 next morning. In their father’s car, Emily and Alex were very happy. They couldn’t wait 4 get to the place. Two hours later, they arrived. They found a blue lake and green mountains. Emily and Alex were excited—it was good for both beach 5 and camping. The family put up their tent first. Then they went climbing. They were 6 to see the beautiful scenery in the mountains. They also found some lovely small animals 7 the way. In the afternoon, Emily and Alex started to build sandcastles (建沙堡) by the lake. It was 8 to feel the sand under their feet and the sunlight on their faces. 9 just as they finished their work, it started raining. Luckily, they took umbrellas 10 them, so they didn’t get wet. That night, the family sat around a campfire (篝火), singing happily. “The trip is really wonderful,” said Emily. “I love it!” 【答案】 1．camping 2．decided 3．the 4．to 5．activities 6．surprised 7．along 8．relaxing 9．But 10．with 【导语】本文讲述了Emily一家外出度假的经历。他们选择了一个既能去海滩又能露营的地方，在那里爬山、建沙堡、围着篝火唱歌，度过了愉快的时光。 【详解】1．句意：Emily想去海滩，但她的哥哥Alex想去山里露营。根据“in the mountains”可知，此处需要一个动名词，与“go”构成“go camping”短语，表示“去露营”。“camping”意为“露营”，符合语境。 2．句意：最后，他们决定去一个两个都能做的地方。根据“to go to a place”可知，此处需要一个动词，在句中作谓语，表示“决定”，“decided”意为“决定”，描述过去的事情，用一般过去时，其过去式是decided。 3．句意：第二天早上他们早早出发。根据“next morning”可知，此处需要一个冠词，修饰“next morning”，表示特指。“the”意为“这”，符合语境。 4．句意：他们迫不及待地想到达那个地方。“can’t wait to do sth.”是固定结构，表示“迫不及待做某事”，填to。 5．句意：Emily和Alex很兴奋——这对海滩活动和露营来说都很好。根据“beach...and camping”可知，此处需要一个名词，与“camping”并列，表示“活动”。“activity”意为“活动”，用复数形式activities，表示泛指。 6．句意：他们惊讶地看到山中的美丽景色。根据“to see the beautiful scenery”可知，此处需要一个形容词，在句中作表语，表示“惊讶的”。“surprise”是动词，“surprised”意为“惊讶的”，符合语境。 7．句意：他们还在沿途发现了一些可爱的小动物。根据“the way”可知，此处需要一个介词，与“the way”构成短语，表示“沿途”。“along”意为“沿着”，符合语境。 8．句意：感受脚下的沙子和脸上的阳光是令人放松的。根据“to feel the sand under their feet”可知，此处需要一个形容词，在句中作表语，表示“令人放松的”。“relax”是动词，“relaxing”意为“令人放松的”，符合语境。 9．句意：但就在他们完成作品时，开始下雨了。前文说他们正在放松地玩，后文说下雨了，语义转折。“But”意为“但是”，符合语境，句首首字母大写。 10．句意：幸运的是，他们带了雨伞，所以他们没有淋湿。根据“took umbrellas...them”可知，此处需要一个介词，表示“带着”。“with”意为“带着”，符合语境。 Passage 9 young,  they,  play,  character,  fight,  spare,  quiet,  attend,  with,  perform,  pleasure,  for Mr Miller has two sons. They are Tom and Tim. Although they are twins, their 1 are different from each other. Tom is outgoing. He always likes to share his thoughts 2 his friends and family. Sometimes he also tells jokes. After listening to 3 , his family always can’t help laughing. These jokes bring much 4 to the family. He has a lot of interests. He often sings in the morning because he wants to 5 the school singing festival. He took part in a similar one last year. He 6 very well and succeeded in winning first prize. Tim is 7 than Tom. He isn’t an outgoing child. He always likes to stay at home 8 and reads books in his room. However, he is good at playing the flute. When he was six years old, he began to practise 9 it. Now he often plays the flute in his 10 time and he can play it very well. He plans to take part in a flute competition (比赛) next week. He really hopes he can win a prize. So no matter what kind of child you are, you can have your own strength. 【答案】 1．characters 2．with 3．them 4．pleasure 5．attend 6．performed 7．younger 8．quietly 9．playing 10．spare 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了米勒先生的一对双胞胎儿子汤姆和蒂姆性格不同、爱好各异，但各自都有长处。 【详解】1．句意：虽然他们是双胞胎，但他们的性格彼此不同。设空处作主语，由谓语动词are可知需用名词复数形式。character意为“性格”，复数为characters。 2．句意：他总是喜欢与他的朋友和家人分享他的想法。固定搭配share sth. with sb. 意为“与某人分享某物”。 3．句意：听了它们（笑话）后，他的家人总是忍不住笑。listen to后接宾格代词，指代前文的jokes，they的宾格为them。 4．句意：这些笑话给家庭带来了很多乐趣。much修饰不可数名词，pleasure意为“乐趣”，符合语境。 5．句意：他经常在早上唱歌，因为他想参加学校的歌唱节。want to do sth.意为“想要做某事”，后接动词原形。attend意为“参加”，符合语境。 6．句意：他表演得很好并成功获得了一等奖。根据last year可知句子为一般过去时，perform的过去式为performed。 7．句意：蒂姆比汤姆年纪小。由than可知需用形容词比较级。虽然双胞胎性格对比常用quiet，但因quiet需用于第8题，且双胞胎也有长幼之分，故选用young的比较级younger。 8．句意：他总是喜欢安静地待在家里，在房间里看书。修饰动词stay需用副词，quiet的副词形式为quietly。 9．句意：当他六岁时，他开始练习吹奏它。practise doing sth.意为“练习做某事”，play的动名词为playing。 10．句意：现在他经常在空闲时间吹笛子。固定短语in one’s spare time意为“在某人空闲时间”，spare为形容词。 Passage 10 her  never  know  at  hand  but  spend  strong  sometimes  so  smile  during Friends are a part of our lives. In my life, I have a best friend. We 1 have different ideas and even fight, but we are still the best friends. My life would be less colorful without 2 . We have 3 each other for four years. I still remember that she said hello to me with a sweet 4 that day. She was a kind girl. When I felt sad, she always stood by me and made me feel better. 5 the winter holiday, we went to Happy Valley together. We had fun on the roller coaster. We held each other’s 6 and shouted when we were riding the roller coaster. It was 7 exciting that the ride made me feel a little sick. She bought a bottle of water for me. This experience made our friendship much 8 . Many parents think kids can’t be friends forever 9 I don’t believe this. My favorite saying is, “A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart.” Maybe we won’t always 10 all of our time together. But I will enjoy the time I spend with her and the happiness she gives.me. 【答案】 1．sometimes 2．her 3．known 4．smile 5．During 6．hands 7．so 8．stronger 9．but 10．spend 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者与最好的朋友之间的友谊经历，包括相识、相处以及共同度过的美好时光，表达了作者对这份友谊的珍视。 【详解】1．句意：我们有时会有不同想法，甚至吵架，但我们仍然是最好的朋友。此处需要副词修饰动词have，表示我们有时有不同想法甚至争吵，选择sometimes。 2．句意：没有她，我的生活将会少很多色彩。介词without后面用人称代词宾格，指代my best friend，所以选择her。 3．句意：我们已经认识彼此四年了。本句是现在完成时have+过去分词，根据“for four years”，表达相识，know的过去分词known，所以选择know变形known。 4．句意：我还记得那天她带着甜美的微笑向我问好。形容词sweet后接名词，with a sweet smile是固定搭配，所以选择smile。 5．句意：在寒假期间，我们一起去了欢乐谷。此处填介词，during the winter holiday意为“在寒假期间”，句首首字母大写，所以选择During。 6．句意：坐过山车的时候，我们互相牵着对方的手，大声喊叫。each other’s后接名词，hold one’s hands牵手，所以选择hand，变为复数hands。 7．句意：它是如此令人激动，以至于这段旅程让我有点恶心。so…that…固定句型，意为“如此……以至于……”，所以选择so。 8．句意：这次经历让我们的友谊更加牢固。much后面要加形容词比较级，strong的比较级stronger，表示友谊变得更深厚，所以选择strong变形stronger。 9．句意：很多家长认为孩子的友谊不能长久，但是我不相信这个观点。前后句子是转折关系，所以选择but。 10．句意：也许我们不会一直一起度过所有的时光。won’t后面用动词原形，此处表示一起度过所有时光，spend time together“一起度过时光”，所以选择spend。 Passage 11 at   from   bathroom   perhaps   they   do   useful   chore   and   take   when   activity Should parents ask their children to do housework? Some believe children should not do 1 . They think that children have much stress from school and they are too young to cook or clean. But many people believe that children can learn a lot 2 doing housework. Parents should help children learn to do the housework that they will have to do when they live by 3 . They also give children a sense of responsibility, importance 4 confidence (自信). Most experts think that the housework should be suitable for children, such as sweeping the floor and cleaning the 5 . Parents shouldn’t ask a school boy to cook when he is 6 his homework. If the child has 7   after school, there will be less time to do his homework. 8 more housework on weekends can be helpful. When a child does what his parents ask him to do happily, he will probably have the feeling of growing up. Housework can be 9 . It is a good way to teach their children. Parents teach children in this way so that they can 10 care of themselves one day. And please make sure parents also do housework. If parents don’t provide a clean house, children won’t find any reason to do housework. 【答案】 1．chores 2．from 3．themselves 4．and 5．bathroom 6．doing 7．activities 8．Perhaps 9．useful 10．take 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了父母是否应该让孩子做家务以及做家务对孩子的益处和建议。 【详解】1．句意：一些人认为孩子不应该做家务。此处需要一个名词，在句中作do的宾语。因为固定搭配do chores表示做家务，所以选择chore，需变形为chores。 2．句意：但是许多人认为孩子能从做家务中学到很多东西。此处需要一个介词，在句中引出学习的来源。因为固定搭配learn…from…表示从……学到……，所以选择from。 3．句意：父母应该帮助孩子学习做那些他们独自生活时必须要做的家务。此处需要一个反身代词，在句中构成固定短语。因为固定搭配by oneself表示独自，主语是“they”，所以选择they，需变形为themselves。 4．句意：它们也带给孩子责任感、重要性以及自信。此处需要一个并列连词，在句中连接两个并列名词。因为前后是并列的名词，所以选择and。 5．句意：大多数专家认为家务应当适合孩子，例如扫地和打扫浴室。此处需要一个名词，在句中作“cleaning”的宾语。因为前面列举适合孩子的家务，打扫浴室是家务的一种，所以选择bathroom。 6．句意：当男孩正在做他的家庭作业时，父母不应该叫他做饭。此处需要一个动词的现在分词，在句中构成现在进行时。因为固定搭配do one’s homework表示做作业，be动词后接现在分词，所以选择do，需变形为doing。 7．句意：如果孩子放学后有活动，那么用来做作业的时间就会变少。此处需要一个名词，在句中作has的宾语。因为activity是可数名词，此处泛指各类活动，要用复数形式，所以选择activity，需变形为activities。 8．句意：也许周末多做些家务会有所帮助。此处需要一个副词，放在句首修饰整个句子。因为本句主谓结构完整，需要副词来表达推测含义，所以选择perhaps，需变形为Perhaps。 9．句意：家务可以是有用的。此处需要一个形容词，在句中作表语。因为后文说做家务是教育孩子的好方法，说明家务是有用的，所以选择useful。 10．句意：父母用这种方式教育孩子，以便有一天他们能照顾自己。此处需要一个动词，在句中和情态动词can共同构成谓语。因为固定搭配take care of表示照顾，情态动词后使用动词原形，所以选择take。 Passage 12 bore  decide  different  fan  follow  guide  I  real  like  one  same  visit Now, people take trips by watching live streaming (直播) on Douyin, Bilibili and others. This is called “cloud tourism (云旅游)”. Zha Liguo, a 44-year-old man, is a(n) 1 . During the May Day holiday, Zha took a group of visitors to Mount Huangshan and enjoyed sunrises (日出) there. A lot of people 2 him by watching his live streaming on their phones. It was not Zha’s 3 trip to Mount Huangshan. Last year, he stayed there for over 280 days. He showed the beautiful scenery (风景) and other interesting things in the villages near the mountain on Douyin. A lot of people are interested in Zha’s live streaming, so Zha has lots of 4 on Douyin. “Many people get 5 with staying at home but they have no time to go out. I enjoy 6 every time I enjoy the beautiful scenery, so I want other people to enjoy it,” Zha said. Usually, people need to spend much time going out for a(n) 7 trip. But they often finish their trip quickly. So they can’t really have a good time. The “cloud tourism” really helps them a lot. Also, the “cloud tourism” is very convenient (方便的). Some people 8 taking a long trip. They think it’s tiring for them to 9 how to go, where to live or what to eat. What’s more, the “cloud tourism” also makes a(n) 10 to a place’s business (生意). People like to buy things while watching live streaming. 【答案】 1．guide 2．followed 3．first 4．fans 5．bored 6．myself 7．real 8．dislike 9．decide 10．difference 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了“云旅游”这一新兴现象，并通过导游查立国直播黄山旅游的例子，说明了云旅游产生的背景、受欢迎的原因及其对当地生意的积极影响。 【详解】1．句意：查立国，一名44岁的男子，是一名导游。根据后文他带游客去黄山可知，他的职业是导游，空处位于不定冠词a(n)之后，需填名词单数guide“导游”。 2．句意：许多人通过手机观看他的直播来关注他。根据“by watching his live streaming”可知，观众看直播是为了“关注”他。空处作谓语，时态为一般过去时，动词follow“关注”用过去式followed。 3．句意：这不是查第一次去黄山旅行。根据“Last year, he stayed there for over 280 days.”可知，他不是第一次去黄山，空处修饰名词trip，需用序数词表示顺序，one的序数词是first。 4．句意：很多人对查的直播很感兴趣，所以查在抖音上有很多粉丝。根据“A lot of people ... him by watching his live streaming on their phones.”可知他有很多“粉丝”，lots of后接可数名词复数，fan“粉丝”的复数是fans。 5．句意：许多人待在家里感到无聊，但他们没有时间出去。根据“they have no time to go out”可知，待在家里很无聊，get是系动词，后接形容词作表语，修饰人要用bored“感到无聊的”。 6．句意：每次欣赏美景时我都玩得很开心，所以我想让别人也能欣赏它。enjoy oneself是固定搭配，意为“玩得开心”。主语是I，反身代词用myself。 7．句意：通常，人们需要花很多时间出去进行一次真正的旅行。此处与“云旅游”对比，指线下的“真实的”旅行，修饰名词trip，需填形容词real“真正的”。 8．句意：有些人不喜欢长途旅行。根据“They think it’s tiring...”可知，有些人不喜欢长途旅行，空处作谓语，时态为一般现在时，like“喜欢”加否定前缀dis-变为dislike“不喜欢”。 9．句意：他们觉得决定怎么去、住哪里或吃什么对他们来说很累。根据“how to go, where to live or what to eat”可知，规划行程需要“决定”细节。本题考查It’s + adj. + for sb. + to do sth.“做某事对某人来说……”，不定式符号to后接动词原形decide“决定”。 10．句意：此外，“云旅游”也对一个地方的生意产生了影响。本题考查固定短语make a difference“产生影响/起作用”。different的名词形式是difference。 18 / 18乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $考前特训 专题04 选词填空 期中考满分冲刺（广东专用） 姓名：___________班级：___________座号：___________ 内容提要 题型分析 解题指导 集中突破 一、题型定位 “选词填空”属于“语言知识运用”板块，形式是给出一篇挖空 10 处的短文和一个含 12 个词的词库，要求选出适当的词并用其正确形式填空，每空一词、每词限用一次，有两个词多余。它同时考三件事：词库里选哪个词（词义与搭配）、填进去要不要变形（词性与词形）、全文逻辑通不通（时态与照应）。 二、命题形式与题量 以“短文 + 词库方框 + 10 个设空”的形式呈现，本次特训共 12 篇、120 题，正文词数在 149–235 词之间。短文首句通常不设空，用来交代话题、人物与时间背景；词库给出的是原形词，填进去常常需要变形（名词变复数、动词变过去式或 -ing、形容词变副词、形容词变比较级、代词变宾格或反身代词）。 三、核心考点分布（基于本次特训 120 题梳理） 通过逐题梳理本次特训的 120 道题，考点集中在以下八类： （1）名词与名词单复数（19 题，约占 16%）：thousands of visitors、classmates、flowers、pictures、activities、hands、characters、chores、fans 等需变复数；countryside、trouble、face、time、friend、smile、bathroom、guide 等直接取原形。 （2）词性转换与派生（20 题，约占 17%）：friendly（名→形）、especially / really / suddenly / carefully / probably / quietly（形→副）、pleasure / arrival / difference（动或形→名）、surprised / excited / relaxing / bored / dead / useful（动或名→形）。这是占比最高的一类，也是失分重灾区。 （3）动词的时态与非谓语（17 题，约占 14%）：过去式 spent / felt / caught / saw / got / decided / performed / followed，过去分词 known，三单 becomes；以及介词后、than 后、spend…doing 一类结构中的 seeing / searching / playing / telling / camping / doing。 （4）动词词义与动词原形（12 题，约占 10%）：drink、make、protect、clean、wash、share、attend、spend、take、decide、dislike 按语境取义，另含 be 动词 are 与主语数的一致。 （5）形容词、副词与比较等级（16 题，约占 13%）：fantastic、little、other、glad、hard、spare、real、sometimes、Perhaps 按语境取本义；fewer、better、younger、stronger 等比较级与 best 一类最高级，由 than、much、even 等信号词提示。 （6）连词与句间逻辑（13 题，约占 11%）：because 表原因，but 表转折（出现 5 次），when / until 表时间，so 表结果，and 表并列。判断前后分句是并列、转折、因果还是时间是解题关键。 （7）代词（11 题，约占 9%）：their 一类物主代词，us / him / her / them 一类宾格，themselves、myself 一类反身代词，以及 by oneself 的固定搭配。 （8）介词、冠词与固定搭配（12 题，约占 10%）：from、with、at、about、along、without、during 等介词，the、to 等冠词与不定式符号，以及 thousands of、listen to、spend…doing、arrival at 一类固定结构。 四、难度与趋势 整体难度中等：词库已给出候选词，省去了“凭空想词”的环节，难点从“写什么”转为“变什么形”。近年趋势是弱化纯语法记忆、强化“语境 + 搭配 + 词形变化”的综合判断——所给词几乎都需要变形，且常出现两词近义（surprised 与 excited、probably 与 perhaps）需要靠搭配区分。因此训练重点应放在“词性判定”和“变形规则”两块，而不是背孤立单词。 一、四步解题法 第一步：跳过空格通读全文，抓主旨、时态与人物。全文若是叙事（last month、last year），动词多半要变过去式；若是说明或议论，则多用一般现在时。 第二步：把 12 个词库词按词性归类，标注名词、动词、形容词、副词、连词、介词、代词，把每个空的候选范围缩小到两三个。 第三步：逐空判断。先看句子缺什么成分定词性——缺主语宾语找名词、缺谓语找动词、修饰名词找形容词、修饰动词找副词、连接句子找连词；再看固定搭配与上下文决定词义；最后按需变形。 第四步：填完通读复核。逐一检查：时态是否一致、名词单复数是否吻合、形容词副词是否加 -ly、每词是否只用一次、剩下的词是否恰好两个。 二、结合本次特训题目的实战点拨 【点拨1】词性转换——形容词变副词，以 Passage 5 题 4 为例：原文 “Alice agreed and washed her father’s car very ___.” 空格在 very 之后、修饰动词 washed，需要副词，故把 careful 变为 carefully，填 carefully。提示：very、really、quite 之后以及修饰动词时要用副词；反过来 be 动词后、修饰名词时用形容词，这是最常考的一组转换。 【点拨2】名词复数与固定搭配，以 Passage 1 题 3 为例：原文 “There are ___ of visitors every year.” 前面是 There are（复数），后面是 of，thousand 要变为 thousands，构成 thousands of（数以千计的）。提示：thousands of、hundreds of 一类表示约数的结构，数词必须加 -s 并接 of；看到 There are / many / some 也要想到名词用复数。 【点拨3】动词时态——叙事文中的过去式，以 Passage 5 题 8 为例：原文 “There on the seat she ___ the present for her” 全文讲母亲节那天发生的事，通篇用过去时，故 see 要变为 saw。提示：先通读定时态是最省力的办法，凡遇 last month、yesterday、the next morning 一类时间标志，动词几乎都要变过去式，注意记住 see—saw、get—got、catch—caught、feel—felt 等不规则变化。 【点拨4】动词 -ing——介词与固定结构后的动名词，以 Passage 1 题 7 为例：原文 “They thought nothing could be more exciting than ___ animals.” than 在此连接比较的对象，与 nothing 对应，see 要变为 seeing。提示：介词后、than 后、spend…doing、have fun doing、practise doing 一类结构中，动词一律用 -ing 形式，看到这些信号词直接变形即可。 【点拨5】连词与句间逻辑——转折关系，以 Passage 8 题 9 为例：原文 “just as they finished their work, it started raining.” 前句说兄妹俩刚把沙堡堆好，空格后紧接着说下起雨来，前后是转折关系，句首用 But。提示：连词题把前后两句各缩成一句话，再判断是并列（and）、转折（but）、因果（because / so）还是时间（when / until），句首大写也不要漏。 【点拨6】反身代词与固定搭配，以 Passage 11 题 3 为例：原文 “the housework that they will have to do when they live by ___” 主语是 they，by oneself 表示“独自地”，故把 they 变为 themselves。提示：by oneself 是高频固定搭配，反身代词必须与主语人称一致——I 对 myself、they 对 themselves、he 对 himself。 【点拨7】比较等级——由 than 判定，以 Passage 7 题 1 为例：原文 “she usually gets ___ grades than me in the tests” 空格后有 than，是比较级的明确信号，good 的比较级是 better，故填 better。提示：than、much、even、a lot、of the two 提示比较级；the、of all、in my class 一类范围词提示最高级，同时别忘了 good—better—best 这类不规则变化。 【点拨8】介词——表“带有、具有”，以 Passage 4 题 2 为例：原文 “It was a black and white cat ___ bright eyes.” 空格后是身体特征 bright eyes，表示“长着一双明亮眼睛的猫”，用 with。提示：介词题看空格前后两个词的逻辑关系——with 表伴随或具有、from 表来源、without 表没有、along 表沿着、during 表在……期间，把词义代进去读一遍就能定。 三、易错提醒 • 每空一词、每词限用一次、有两词多余：填完后务必数一遍，用掉 10 个、剩下恰好 2 个才算正确。 • 先定词性再定词义：词性判错，变形一定跟着错，thousands 只有接 of 才成立，classmates / flowers 要看主语单复数。 • 变形后必须“二次检查”：名词看单复数、动词看时态与 -ing、形容词副词看 -ly 与比较级、代词看格。 • 固定搭配优先于“感觉”：thousands of、by oneself、spend…doing、practise doing、listen to 认出来就不必逐词翻译。 • 连词题看前后句的逻辑关系，句首的 But / Because / During 不要漏掉大写。 • 近义词要辨搭配：surprised 与 excited、probably 与 perhaps 都可能出现在同一词库，靠固定搭配与感情色彩区分。 Passage 1 feel    especially    thousand    because    spend    surprise with    see    friend    fantastic    the    countryside I’m Tengfei. I live in Hangzhou now. Hangzhou has many 1 places. The people are kind, so it is easy to meet someone 2 when you walk around this city. There are 3 of visitors every year. Some people even make deals (交易) here 4 they think they can not only have fun but also make money in this beautiful city. My sister lives in the 5 . She usually can’t wait to visit me in summer. She has two small kids, Mingming and Huahua. Last month, they came to my house and 6 a whole month here. The kids’ favourite place was the Zoo. They thought nothing could be more exciting than 7 animals. They were 8 to see some special animals, 9 the scary snakes. The kids also went to the Museum of Science and Industry. They found many exciting things there, so they never 10 bored. Hangzhou is a great city and it is worth (值得) visiting. Passage 2 other；from；drink；but；little；make；be；another；they；carry; trouble；dry You may think there is nothing but sand in the desert of the world, 1 it is not true. In the desert we can find stones. We can see hills, too. There is a 2 rain in the desert, but it is not enough for most plants. The animals 3 useful to the desert people in many ways. The desert people eat the meat and 4 the milk of the animals. They use their skins to 5 shoes, water bags and even tents (帐篷). They use the camels (骆驼) for 6 things. The people of the desert have to keep moving 7 place to place. They must always look for grass or desert plants for their animals. They usually live in the tents. When there is no more food for 8 animals, they take down their tents, put them on the camels and move to 9 place. The desert people are very friendly. No man in the desert would ever refuse to help the people in 10 and give them food and water. Passage 3 but  few  become  protect  so  search  please  real  die  without  we  in What will our world be like if there are no insects? Maybe it will give you much 1 when there are no bad insects in your everyday life. 2 this could cause many problems in fact. The number of insects is dropping these years. There are also 3 places for insects to live in than before. It 4 a worrying natural problem now. What will happen if all insects die out? I think it will be 5 serious. We need insects to break down (分解) 6 plants and animals and turn them into new things. It provides 7 with the healthy soil (土壤). Besides, insects are food for lots of animals. The animals will be hungry or die 8 them. Then what should we do? The scientists spend lots of time 9 for better ways to control the terrible situation. One of the suggestions (建议) is that people should understand nature and change their ideas about insects as soon as possible (尽可能). As students, we should 10 our mother nature at an early age and start with small actions. Passage 4 catch   but   play   he   by   excite   sudden   when   and   with   classmate   face Matt is a primary school student. He loves little animals very much. One day 1 he was on his way to school, he saw a homeless cat sitting in a box. It was a black and white cat 2 bright eyes. “How lovely it is!” Matt said to himself. He couldn’t help spending some time 3 with it. The little cat followed him as he left for school. Matt decided to take the cat to school. He put the cat in his schoolbag and went to school happily. After Matt went into the classroom, he told some 4 about the cat. As he opened the schoolbag, the cat 5 jumped out and started running around the classroom. Everyone in the class was very 6 . Just at that time, the teacher came in and 7 the cat quickly. Matt was embarrassed (尴尬的) and his 8 turned red. To Matt’s surprise, the teacher said to 9 with a smile, “Matt, it’s good to help the homeless cat, 10 don’t bring it to school.” Matt nodded his head. Passage 5 glad  they  see  leave  best  flower  careful  when  clean  until  about  plant Alice needed some money for a Mother’s Day present. She told her father 1 her problem. “I’ll pay you to do the housework if you want. You can 2 the house,” her father said. “You can also wash my car and Mum’s. You can see they’re really dirty. Both of 3 need to be washed.” Alice agreed and washed her father’s car very 4 . “It is too late. You don’t have time to wash Mum’s car,” Dad said 5 he paid her. The next morning Alice got up early. First she washed her mother’s car 6 it was very clean. Then she went to the flower shop and bought a bunch (束) of 7 . After breakfast Alice asked her mother to go to the garage (车库). “Wow!” Alice’s mother said. “My car is gleaming (发光的).” “Open the door, Mum,” Alice said. Alice’s mother opened the door. There on the seat she 8 the present for her—some beautiful flowers. “Happy Mother’s Day!” Alice said. Alice’s mother was very 9 . She gave her a big hug and said, “Thank you, honey. This is the 10 present for me.” Passage 6 nod    surprised    they    arrival    good    flower    until    time    wash    get    probably    forgetful Alice needed some money for a Mother’s Day present. She told her father about her plan. “You can 1 make money by doing the housework. You can clean our bathroom and living room or water plants on the balcony,” her father said. “You can also 2 my car and Mom’s. You can see they’re dirty. Both of 3 need washing.” Alice washed her father’s car carefully. “It is too late. You don’t have 4 to wash Mom’s car.” Dad said when he gave her money. The next morning Alice 5 up early. First she washed her mother’s car 6 it was very clean. Then she went to the flower shop and bought some 7 . After breakfast Alice asked her mother to go to the garage (车库). “Wow!” Alice’s mother said. “My car is gleaming (发光).” “Open the door, Mom,” Alice said. Alice’s mother opened the door. The beautiful flowers on the seat welcomed her 8 . “Happy Mother’s Day!” Alice said. Alice’s mother was very 9 . “Thank you, honey. This is the 10 present for me,” she said with tears in her eyes. Passage 7 friend  hard  good  because  she  at  tell  fantastic  share  but  picture  in My good friend Laura is my cousin. She is one year older than me. She lives in Bristol. She is hard-working, and she usually gets 1 grades than me in the tests. She always helps me with my study. We both like reading and swimming. We have the same hobbies, 2 we also have some differences. For example, she is more outgoing and likes 3 jokes, while I am a little quieter. Laura is good 4 singing. She practices singing 5 every day. She often sings in shows. She also studies drawing in 6 free time. She makes a lot of wonderful 7 . Last year, she won the first prize in the city art competition. I'm so proud of her. My favorite saying(谚语) is“A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart.”Laura is a 8 like this. She is always there for me when I need help, and her support makes me feel warm. We talk about everything together and always 9 our happiness and sadness with each other. I am lucky to have such a 10 friend. She teaches me a lot, and our friendship grows stronger every day. Passage 8 to  but  the  along  surprise  sick  activity  with  decide  relax  bored  camp Emily and her family talked about their vacation trip. Emily wanted to go to the beach, but Alex, her brother, wanted to go 1 in the mountains. At last, they 2 to go to a place, and there they could do both. They left early 3 next morning. In their father’s car, Emily and Alex were very happy. They couldn’t wait 4 get to the place. Two hours later, they arrived. They found a blue lake and green mountains. Emily and Alex were excited—it was good for both beach 5 and camping. The family put up their tent first. Then they went climbing. They were 6 to see the beautiful scenery in the mountains. They also found some lovely small animals 7 the way. In the afternoon, Emily and Alex started to build sandcastles (建沙堡) by the lake. It was 8 to feel the sand under their feet and the sunlight on their faces. 9 just as they finished their work, it started raining. Luckily, they took umbrellas 10 them, so they didn’t get wet. That night, the family sat around a campfire (篝火), singing happily. “The trip is really wonderful,” said Emily. “I love it!” Passage 9 young,  they,  play,  character,  fight,  spare,  quiet,  attend,  with,  perform,  pleasure,  for Mr Miller has two sons. They are Tom and Tim. Although they are twins, their 1 are different from each other. Tom is outgoing. He always likes to share his thoughts 2 his friends and family. Sometimes he also tells jokes. After listening to 3 , his family always can’t help laughing. These jokes bring much 4 to the family. He has a lot of interests. He often sings in the morning because he wants to 5 the school singing festival. He took part in a similar one last year. He 6 very well and succeeded in winning first prize. Tim is 7 than Tom. He isn’t an outgoing child. He always likes to stay at home 8 and reads books in his room. However, he is good at playing the flute. When he was six years old, he began to practise 9 it. Now he often plays the flute in his 10 time and he can play it very well. He plans to take part in a flute competition (比赛) next week. He really hopes he can win a prize. So no matter what kind of child you are, you can have your own strength. Passage 10 her  never  know  at  hand  but  spend  strong  sometimes  so  smile  during Friends are a part of our lives. In my life, I have a best friend. We 1 have different ideas and even fight, but we are still the best friends. My life would be less colorful without 2 . We have 3 each other for four years. I still remember that she said hello to me with a sweet 4 that day. She was a kind girl. When I felt sad, she always stood by me and made me feel better. 5 the winter holiday, we went to Happy Valley together. We had fun on the roller coaster. We held each other’s 6 and shouted when we were riding the roller coaster. It was 7 exciting that the ride made me feel a little sick. She bought a bottle of water for me. This experience made our friendship much 8 . Many parents think kids can’t be friends forever 9 I don’t believe this. My favorite saying is, “A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart.” Maybe we won’t always 10 all of our time together. But I will enjoy the time I spend with her and the happiness she gives.me. Passage 11 at   from   bathroom   perhaps   they   do   useful   chore   and   take   when   activity Should parents ask their children to do housework? Some believe children should not do 1 . They think that children have much stress from school and they are too young to cook or clean. But many people believe that children can learn a lot 2 doing housework. Parents should help children learn to do the housework that they will have to do when they live by 3 . They also give children a sense of responsibility, importance 4 confidence (自信). Most experts think that the housework should be suitable for children, such as sweeping the floor and cleaning the 5 . Parents shouldn’t ask a school boy to cook when he is 6 his homework. If the child has 7   after school, there will be less time to do his homework. 8 more housework on weekends can be helpful. When a child does what his parents ask him to do happily, he will probably have the feeling of growing up. Housework can be 9 . It is a good way to teach their children. Parents teach children in this way so that they can 10 care of themselves one day. And please make sure parents also do housework. If parents don’t provide a clean house, children won’t find any reason to do housework. Passage 12 bore  decide  different  fan  follow  guide  I  real  like  one  same  visit Now, people take trips by watching live streaming (直播) on Douyin, Bilibili and others. This is called “cloud tourism (云旅游)”. Zha Liguo, a 44-year-old man, is a(n) 1 . During the May Day holiday, Zha took a group of visitors to Mount Huangshan and enjoyed sunrises (日出) there. A lot of people 2 him by watching his live streaming on their phones. It was not Zha’s 3 trip to Mount Huangshan. Last year, he stayed there for over 280 days. He showed the beautiful scenery (风景) and other interesting things in the villages near the mountain on Douyin. A lot of people are interested in Zha’s live streaming, so Zha has lots of 4 on Douyin. “Many people get 5 with staying at home but they have no time to go out. I enjoy 6 every time I enjoy the beautiful scenery, so I want other people to enjoy it,” Zha said. Usually, people need to spend much time going out for a(n) 7 trip. But they often finish their trip quickly. So they can’t really have a good time. The “cloud tourism” really helps them a lot. Also, the “cloud tourism” is very convenient (方便的). Some people 8 taking a long trip. They think it’s tiring for them to 9 how to go, where to live or what to eat. What’s more, the “cloud tourism” also makes a(n) 10 to a place’s business (生意). People like to buy things while watching live streaming. 18 / 18乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $