精品解析：广东东莞市东华高级中学东华松山湖高级中学2026-2027学年高二第一学期学习效率检测（一）高二英语试题

东莞市东华高级中学 东华松山湖高级中学 2026-2027学年高二第一学期学习效率检测(一) 高二英语 本试题共三部分，满分130分，考试时间130分钟 第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中选出最佳选项。 A Getting Along with Grizzlies (灰熊) Almost three-quarters of all young females that grow up in the Elk Valley die young. In fact, after tracking 70 bears between 2016 and 2022, experts found survival rates for young grizzlies in the Elk Valley are the lowest recorded in North America. Causes of grizzly deaths Challenges to human-bear coexistence in the Elk Valley Measures taken Since April 2024, the government has taken effort to help humans and bears share the landscape. One of the most effective tools is electric fencing, which reduces damage to infrastructure (基础设施) by 80% — 100%. It keeps bears away from attractants like garbage, which reduces conflicts. These simple, low-cost measures are saving lives — on both sides. As someone puts it, “Coexistence is a two-way street. If we want bears to survive, we have to be willing to change, too.” 1. How many tracked grizzlies died due to human-related causes? A. 40%. B. 46.6%. C. 86.6%. D. 93.3%. 2. Why is the number of grizzlies stable in the Elk Valley? A. Their death rate decreases. B. Some learn to travel safely. C. Their survival gets protected. D. Some move in from nearby. 3. What is the main function of electric fencing? A. Saving humans from bears. B. Preventing conflict and loss. C. Letting bears trust humans. D. Cutting the bear control cost. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍埃尔克谷灰熊幼崽存活率极低，图表展示灰熊死亡原因，分析当地人熊共存困境，政府采取电围栏等举措，推动人与灰熊共处。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据图表文字“Deaths of the 15 tracked bears during that period(该时期15只被追踪熊的死亡情况)”可知，其中“Conflict with Humans (与人类冲突)”占46.6%，“Vehicle Crashes (车辆撞击)”占40%，二者都属于人为原因，46.6%+40%=86.6%，人为原因致死占比86.6%。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据图文框中“There has been little change to the bear population in the Elk Valley, which is actually supported by the arrival of bears from neighboring wilder areas.(埃尔克谷的灰熊数量几乎没有变化，这实际上得益于从周边荒野地区迁入的灰熊)”可知，埃尔克谷灰熊数量保持稳定是因为有部分灰熊从附近迁入。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“One of the most effective tools is electric fencing, which reduces damage to infrastructure (基础设施) by 80% — 100%. It keeps bears away from attractants like garbage, which reduces conflicts. (最有效的工具之一是电围栏，它可以减少80%—100%的基础设施损坏。它让灰熊远离垃圾这类引诱物，从而减少冲突)”可知，电围栏的主要作用是预防冲突、减少损失。 B I am the world’s leading climate change protector. Well, since last month. That’s when we had the solar panels (板) set, linked to an app on my phone. Now, wherever I am, I can open the app and see how much electricity we are creating and how much we are consuming (消耗). Right now, we’re exporting 2.37 kilowatts to the grid (电网). I enjoy the feeling. Yes, I’m saving the planet. More to the point: I’m making upwards of 10 cents an hour, DOING NOTHING. Certainly, you have to put in a bit of effort. Ever since I became an energy exporter, I have been patrolling (巡逻) the house, trying to maximize our production. Of course, I get some complaints from my wife, Jocasta, along the lines of “I was using that light to read a book” or “Why didn’t you save my work before turning off my computer,” but I think she is grateful for my assistance. The only problem? Just last night, I turned off everything but we were still consuming 0.05 of a kilowatt. I checked the fridge. It was not humming (哼鸣). All the overhead lights were out. Nothing was on standby. Yet there it was. I hardly slept, my mind trying to work through every corner of the house. Back at office, I find it hard to tear my eyes away from the app. Right now, it’s midday. Jocasta is at home. I glance at the app. Clouds overhead! Disaster! We’re now producing nothing. Nothing at all. And consumption is suddenly through the roof. We’re using up grid power. What’s Jocasta up to? Running a factory? The next day, at work, around midday, I check the app just to estimate how much I’ve earned. What? Disaster! Clouds overhead again and yet power still being used. Jocasta is out of the house. Why, oh why, has Jocasta left the TV remote in reach of the dog? I must have a word with her. You see, sometimes it’s hard to be ahead of your time. 4. What can we learn about the author from paragraph 1? A. He is a creative businessman. B. He takes pride in the solar gains. C. He enjoys environmental protection. D. He has a gift for app development. 5. What does Jocasta complain about? A. The unknown waste of power. B. Her family’s impatient attitude. C. The unsteady supply of electricity. D. Her husband’s unreasonable behavior. 6. What does the last paragraph suggest? A. Jocasta wastes power on machines at home. B. The dog may have caused the unknown consumption. C. The solar system fails to work on cloudy days. D. The author cares little about family daily life. 7. What message does the text convey? A. Actions speak louder than words. B. A penny saved is a penny earned. C. Great minds think ahead of their time. D. Technology is a good servant but a bad master. 【答案】4. B 5. D 6. B 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者家装了太阳能板，通过手机APP查看发电耗电情况，他热衷于省电创收，却闹出不少趣事，体现人被监测软件牵动、被技术束缚的诙谐故事。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Right now, we’re exporting 2.37 kilowatts to the grid (电网). I enjoy the feeling. Yes, I’m saving the planet. More to the point: I’m making upwards of 10 cents an hour, DOING NOTHING. (此刻，我们正向电网输送2.37千瓦的电。我很享受这种感觉。没错，我在拯救地球。更重要的是：我一小时能赚十多美分，什么都不用干)”可知，作者为太阳能发电带来的收益感到自豪。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Of course, I get some complaints from my wife, Jocasta, along the lines of “I was using that light to read a book” or “Why didn’t you save my work before turning off my computer,” but I think she is grateful for my assistance. (当然，我的妻子乔卡斯塔会抱怨我，诸如“我正开着那盏灯看书”或者“你关掉我的电脑前为什么不保存我的文件”之类的话，但我觉得她会感激我的帮忙)”可知，妻子抱怨的是丈夫不合理的行为。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“What? Disaster! Clouds overhead again and yet power still being used. Jocasta is out of the house. Why, oh why, has Jocasta left the TV remote in reach of the dog? (什么？糟了！天上又多云了，可是还在耗电。乔卡斯塔不在家。为什么，到底为什么，乔卡斯塔把电视遥控器放在狗狗够得到的地方)”可知，最后一段暗示可能是狗狗造成了未知的耗电。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。结合文章内容可知，本想用科技（太阳能+App）做环保赚钱的“主人”， 结果却时刻盯着太阳能APP，被时刻牵动情绪，过度关注发电耗电，被这个工具牵着走，“Technology is a good servant but a bad master (技术是好仆人，却是坏主人)”契合文意。 C Pop culture holds that if you’re trapped in a well, Lassie (灵犬莱西) will lead the rescue — but if you’re stuck with Garfield (加菲猫), you’d better have some lasagna (千层面) in your pocket. And a recent study suggests such stereotypes (刻板印象)aren’t far off. The study grew out of a broader question about prosocial behavior (亲社会行为) — why some species help others and some don’t, says comparative ethologist (动物行为学家) Melitta Csepregi. To get at that, she and her colleagues compared 19 children (16–24 months old) with 38 untrained pet dogs and 22 cats — three species that live closely with humans but differ sharply in their long-term histories. In the experiment, a familiar caregiver — the child’s parent or the pet’s owner — interacted with a sponge (海绵) before turning away. Then an experimenter hid it in full view of the study subject. Across three trials — when the sponge was unreachable and covered, then visible but out of reach, then fully reachable — the caregiver searched, repeating, “I can’t find it. What should I do?” but never directly addressing the subject. The study, published in Animal Behaviour, found that all three groups paid similar levels of attention. But children and dogs were more likely to show helping-related behaviors — approaching, indicating or getting back the object. By the third trial, more than half the dogs and nearly half the kids indicated the object’s location, and some even brought it to the caregiver. Cats never approached it and only rarely indicated its location. So was it that the cats didn’t understand the signal, or did they just lack the motivation? To find out, the researchers added a final trial, replacing the sponge with food or a favorite toy. Cats then approached and indicated the object as often as dogs and children did. “This brilliant study puts hard data to showing that cats aren’t mean but operate on a different natural system,” says ethologist Elisabetta Palagi, who was not part of the study. Dogs and children, she notes, are naturally hardwired to treat another’s problem as their own. Cats, however, remain independent, understanding the situation without feeling forced to step in unless there’s a direct benefit for themselves. “They truly are the efficient specialists of the animal kingdom.” 8. How does the author introduce the research topic in paragraph 1? A. By presenting a scientific theory. B. By citing pop culture images. C. By questioning certain stereotypes. D. By describing a rescue experience. 9. What can we learn about the experiment? A. The caregiver turned to the subject for help. B. The first three trials were randomly conducted. C. The last trial explored the cause of cats’ inaction. D. The subjects have the same long-term histories. 10. What does the underlined word “hardwired” mean in paragraph 6? A. Naturally built-in B. Intentionally taught C. Gradually developed D. Temporarily acquired 11. What does Palagi mean by referring to cats as “efficient specialists”? A. They are less attached to humans. B. They are more advantageous after long-term development. C. They help only when it pays to do so. D. They are more efficient at problem-solving. 【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍一项对比幼儿、宠物狗与宠物猫助人行为的研究，解释猫狗在助人动机上存在差异的内在原因。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Pop culture holds that if you’re trapped in a well, Lassie (灵犬莱西) will lead the rescue — but if you’re stuck with Garfield (加菲猫), you’d better have some lasagna (千层面) in your pocket. And a recent study suggests such stereotypes (刻板印象) aren’t far off.(流行文化里有这样一种说法：如果你被困在井里，灵犬莱西会带人前来营救——但要是陪在你身边的是加菲猫，那你口袋里最好备点千层面。而近期一项研究表明，这类刻板印象和实际情况相差不远。)”可知，作者借助流行文化里的经典形象引出研究话题。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“So was it that the cats didn’t understand the signal, or did they just lack the motivation? To find out, the researchers added a final trial, replacing the sponge with food or a favorite toy. Cats then approached and indicated the object as often as dogs and children did.(那么，究竟是猫咪无法理解这个信号，还是它们只是缺乏行动的动力？为找到答案，研究人员增设了最后一组试验，把海绵换成食物或是猫咪喜爱的玩具。这时，猫咪靠近目标并示意该物品的次数，就和狗以及儿童一样多了。)”可知，最后一组实验探究猫咪之前不作为背后的原因。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第六段中的“Dogs and children, she notes, are naturally hardwired to treat another’s problem as their own. Cats, however, remain independent, understanding the situation without feeling forced to step in unless there’s a direct benefit for themselves.(她指出，狗和孩童把别人的难题当成自己的事是hardwired。但猫依旧保持独立，它们看得懂当下的状况，却不会觉得必须出手帮忙，除非这件事能给自己带来直接好处。)”可知，句中出现“naturally”，表明这是与生俱来的特质，同时后文将狗、孩子与独立的猫做对比，由此推测hardwired 表示“天生就内置的” 本能。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后以段中的“Cats, however, remain independent, understanding the situation without feeling forced to step in unless there’s a direct benefit for themselves. “They truly are the efficient specialists of the animal kingdom.”(但猫依旧保持独立，它们看得懂当下的状况，却不会觉得必须出手帮忙，除非这件事能给自己带来直接好处。“它们确实是动物王国里讲求效益的专家。”)”可知，这句话是指猫咪只有在对自己有利时才会提供帮助。 D As a psychology writer, I’ve come across hundreds of evidence-based tips for better thinking. Few have proven as useful as the ancient strategy of illeism — the practice of talking about oneself in the third person. To the modern era, illeism can sound a little silly. Yet recent research suggests that illeism can bring real benefits. To understand why, we must examine how scientists measure wise reasoning. Igor Grossmann, a leading researcher in wisdom, identified qualities like humbleness, openness to others’ views and adaptability. In an early study, participants voiced responses to difficulties, while psychologists rated their answers. Grossmann found these tests better predicted life satisfaction and social relationship quality than IQ tests, suggesting the studies captured unique reasoning skills. Grossmann’s later studies discovered that people’s wise reasoning can depend on the context — their scores tended to be much higher when considering others’ situations than their own. Grossmann called this “Solomon’s Paradox” after the King Solomon, who was famous for giving others wise advice but making poor personal decisions. The problem seems to be that when making personal choices, emotions cloud our judgment. If a friend gives me negative feedback, for example, embarrassment might make me too defensive. I might therefore ignore their opinions without considering whether they could be helpful in the long-term. Could illeism solve Solomon’s Paradox? The idea makes sense: switching to the third person allows us to see the bigger picture, rather than getting caught up in our own feelings. Grossmann’s latest studies support this idea: participants who kept a third-person diary for a month showed greater wise reasoning gains than first-person writers. Illeism users also reported calmer responses to stressful events, suggesting a more balanced response to daily challenges. Based on these findings, I now apply illeism to all decisions, small and big. I find that a few moments to view my problems from a third-person perspective helps me to see the issue more clearly. 12. What is the focus of Grossmann’s first study? A. How psychologists rated social skills. B. How wise reasoning was assessed. C. How IQ tests predicted life satisfaction. D. How participants solved tough problems. 13. What is “Solomon’s Paradox”? A. An effective way to improve people’s reasoning. B. A theory on how emotions affect decision-making. C. The phenomenon that one is wiser when helping others. D. The tendency of being overconfident when advising others. 14. Which group showed better emotional responses in Grossmann’s later study? A. Those using third-person diaries. B. Those writing to themselves. C. Those having wise reasoning training. D. Those experiencing stressful events. 15. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A. The positive psychology of self-distancing B. Social benefits of illeism in decision-making C. Evidence-based solution to Solomon’s Paradox D. Illeism: An ancient trick to help wise reasoning 【答案】12. B 13. C 14. A 15. D 【解析】 【导语】文章介绍了第三人称自指这一古老方法，借助研究者Grossmann的相关研究，阐明该方法能够减轻情绪对判断的干扰，提升明智思考的能力。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“In an early study, participants voiced responses to difficulties, while psychologists rated their answers. Grossmann found these tests better predicted life satisfaction and social relationship quality than IQ tests, suggesting the studies captured unique reasoning skills.(在早期一项研究中，参与者说出应对困境的看法，心理学家对回答进行评分。Grossmann发现，相比于智商测试，这些测试能更好预判生活满意度和人际关系质量，说明测试衡量了独特的推理能力。)”可知，Grossmann早期研究的核心是衡量明智推理的方式。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Grossmann’s later studies discovered that people’s wise reasoning can depend on the context — their scores tended to be much higher when considering others’ situations than their own. Grossmann called this ‘Solomon’s Paradox’ after the King Solomon, who was famous for giving others wise advice but making poor personal decisions.(Grossmann后续研究发现人们明智推理水平和场景有关，考虑别人处境时得分远高于自身处境。他把该现象命名为‘所罗门悖论’，取名自所罗门王——擅长给他人明智建议，自己做决定却不尽人意。)”可知，所罗门悖论指人们给别人出主意的时候更加理智明智。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Grossmann’s latest studies support this idea: participants who kept a third‑person diary for a month showed greater wise reasoning gains than first‑person writers. Illeism users also reported calmer responses to stressful events, suggesting a more balanced response to daily challenges.(Grossmann最新研究证实了该猜想：坚持一个月写第三人称日记的受试者，明智推理能力提升幅度大于第一人称记录者。使用第三人称自指的人面对压力事件时情绪反应更加平稳。)”可知，写第三人称日记的受试者情绪反馈更好。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Few have proven as useful as the ancient strategy of illeism — the practice of talking about oneself in the third person.(很少有方法能和古老的第三人称自指策略一样奏效——也就是用第三人称来谈论自己。)”、“Yet recent research suggests that illeism can bring real benefits.(但近期研究表明第三人称自指可以带来切实好处。)”以及后文各项实验内容可知，全文围绕illeism展开，介绍这项古老办法有利于提升明智推理的能力，D选项“Illeism: An ancient trick to help wise reasoning(第三人称自指：助力理性思考的古老办法)”最能概括全文大意。 第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Avoid Media Multitasking When you study or work at home, have you grown used to keeping multiple screens on? TVs, laptops, phones — before you know it, you suffer from tired eyes, sore shoulders and mental exhaustion. Manoush Zomorodi, the host of TED Radio Hour, calls this media multitasking, which gives your brain too much information to process all at once. ____16____. ●Practise single-tasking Human brains cannot truly multitask. They just switch rapidly between activities, which consumes mental energy, lowers efficiency and causes errors. ____17____. For deep-thinking tasks like reading or solving problems, this rule applies most. ● ____18____ Looking through news or short videos when tired does not refresh your brain — it adds to tiredness. A real break means stepping away from screens. For work that keeps you on screens, take a few minutes every 30 minutes to stand, walk, or stretch, which eases mental tension. ●Guarantee quality sleep Poor sleep or regular late nights leave mental tiredness unrelieved, resulting in continuous distraction and exhaustion. ____19____. To solve the problem, you need to develop healthy bedtime routines. Avoiding screens before bedtime and sticking to a regular sleep schedule help complete brain recovery. ●Rebuild deep concentration ____20____. You can regain it through practice. Set fixed screen-free reading sessions. Don’t expect long focus at first; when your mind wanders, pause and return. Gradually extend your focus time. With steady practice, your brain will readapt to deep thinking. A. Stop resting on phones B. Set a time limit on phone use C. She offers some science-based strategies to help accordingly D. Therefore, finish one task entirely before moving on to the next E. Constant information overload weakens your continuous attention F. Adjusting sleep habits helps you instantly relieve mental exhaustion G. Worse still, it will reduce the effects of other mental recovery strategies 【答案】16. C 17. D 18. A 19. G 20. E 【解析】 【导语】文章介绍媒体多任务处理的危害，并给出四项科学方法，帮助人们避免该问题，重建深度专注力。 【16题详解】 由上文“Manoush Zomorodi, the host of TED Radio Hour, calls this media multitasking, which gives your brain too much information to process all at once.(TED Radio Hour主持人马努什·佐莫罗迪将其称为媒体多任务处理，这会让大脑一次性需要处理过多信息。)”可知，上文引出媒体多任务现象，空格处引出下文的解决办法，而C项“She offers some science-based strategies to help accordingly(她相应地提供了一些基于科学的应对方法)”符合此处语境，其中She指代上文Manoush Zomorodi，起到承上启下作用。 【17题详解】 由上文“Human brains cannot truly multitask. They just switch rapidly between activities, which consumes mental energy, lowers efficiency and causes errors.(人类大脑无法真正同时处理多项任务。大脑只是在不同事务间快速切换，这会消耗脑力、降低效率并引发失误。)”可知，上文讲多任务切换的弊端，空格处应给出单任务处理的做法，而D项“Therefore, finish one task entirely before moving on to the next(因此，在开始下一项任务前，先完整完成当前这一项)”符合此处语境，Therefore体现因果逻辑。 【18题详解】 由下文“Looking through news or short videos when tired does not refresh your brain — it adds to tiredness. A real break means stepping away from screens.(疲惫时刷新闻或短视频并不能让大脑恢复精力，反而会加重疲惫。真正的休息意味着远离电子屏幕。)”可知，本段讲述不要依靠手机休息，而A项“Stop resting on phones(不要依靠手机休息)”为本段小标题，概括段落主旨。 【19题详解】 由上文“Poor sleep or regular late nights leave mental tiredness unrelieved, resulting in continuous distraction and exhaustion.(睡眠不足或经常熬夜会让精神疲惫无法缓解，造成持续分心与精力耗尽。)”可知，上文说明睡眠差带来的问题，空格处继续阐述其负面影响，而G项“Worse still, it will reduce the effects of other mental recovery strategies(更糟糕的是，这还会降低其他精神恢复方法的效果)”符合此处语境，it指代上文睡眠不好这件事。 【20题详解】 由下文“You can regain it through practice. Set fixed screen-free reading sessions.(你可以通过练习重新获得它。设定固定的无屏幕阅读时段。)”可知，下文说可以通过练习重新获得专注力，而E项“Constant information overload weakens your continuous attention(持续的信息过载会削弱你的持续专注力)”符合此处语境，下文句子中的it指代E项中的continuous attention。 第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 48-year-old Richard Whitehead is a Paralympic Gold Medallist (残奥会金牌得主), world record holder, and marathon runner. Born with a double through-knee congenital amputation (先天性截肢), Richard ____21____ a passion for sport early on. He embraced sport not just as a ____22____, but as a way to live without limits — a philosophy instilled (灌输) by his parents that continues to shape his life and ____23____ millions. Over twenty years ago, Richard dreamed of running a marathon, signed up, and ____24____ the New York Marathon. Since that incredible ____25____, he has won a gold medal in the T42 200 meters in London 2012. By working hard throughout the year, he broke his own record, running the Chicago Marathon in 2:41:36 in October 2024. He is ____26____ the fastest amputee runner in the world. For him, marathons are life ____27____. “We often look at obstacles and say, ‘Running isn’t for me’, or ‘This will take too much hard work’. But if we take one ____28____ step forward, whether we’re 10 or 70, man or woman, we can all ____29____. Marathon running is like life; it’s full of challenges, but with support and guidance, you can ____30____ them and grow stronger,” he emphasized. According to Richard, the diversity of marathon ____31____ has made the greatest impression on him. “On Friday, families were running 10 km with pushchairs, young people with autism (孤独症) were ____32____, and there were ____33____ marathoners alongside first-timers. Through sport, we ____34____ relate, and inspire each other, even without speaking the same language or ____35____ the same background,” he said. 21. A. controlled B. ignored C. imagined D. developed 22. A. guideline B. competition C. behavior D. treatment 23. A. challenge B. defeat C. inspire D. comfort 24. A. completed B. approved C. changed D. defended 25. A. coverage B. achievement C. discovery D. movement 26. A. fortunately B. potentially C. immediately D. currently 27. A. memories B. fantasies C. lessons D. occupations 28. A. sudden B. careful C. casual D. positive 29. A. compete B. survive C. improve D. observe 30. A. gain B. overcome C. protect D. command 31. A. runners B. regions C. ranges D. origins 32. A. preparing for B. taking part C. worrying about D. falling apart 33. A. terrified B. confused C. experienced D. concerned 34. A. connect B. build C. attract D. encourage 35. A. receiving B. building C. organizing D. sharing 【答案】21. D 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. C 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍残奥会金牌得主Richard Whitehead，他先天截肢却热爱长跑，不断刷新纪录，并借马拉松感悟人生，赞扬运动包容的力量。 【21题详解】 考查动词。句意：天生患有先天性双膝截肢，Richard很早就培养出了对运动的热爱。A. controlled控制；B. ignored忽视；C. imagined想象；D. developed培养，形成。根据下文“He embraced sport not just as a ____, but as a way to live without limits”可知，他热爱运动，此处表示他早早培养出对运动的热情。 【22题详解】 考查名词。句意：他热爱运动，不仅仅把它当作一场比赛，更是一种不受限制生活的方式——这是父母灌输给他的哲学，继续塑造着他的生活，激励着数百万人。A. guideline指导方针；B. competition比赛；C. behavior行为；D. treatment治疗。根据上文“48-year-old Richard Whitehead is a Paralympic Gold Medallist (残奥会金牌得主), world record holder, and marathon runner.”以及下文“but as a way to live without limits”可知，Richard参加比赛，但是不仅仅把运动当作比赛，更将其看作生活方式。 【23题详解】 考查动词。句意同上。A. challenge挑战；B. defeat击败；C. inspire激励；D. comfort安慰。根据上文“48-year-old Richard Whitehead is a Paralympic Gold Medallist (残奥会金牌得主), world record holder, and marathon runner.”可知，Richard身残坚持奔跑、斩获金牌刷新纪录的经历，这样的人生故事能够激励很多人。 【24题详解】 考查动词。句意：二十多年前，Richard梦想跑马拉松，报了名并且完成了纽约马拉松。A. completed完成；B. approved赞成；C. changed改变；D. defended防御。根据下文“Since that incredible ____, he has won a gold medal in the T42,200 meters in London 2012.”可知，这次马拉松是他后续成就的起点，说明他报名之后跑完了赛事。 【25题详解】 考查名词。句意：自从那次了不起的成就之后，他在2012伦敦残奥会T42级200米项目夺得金牌。A. coverage报道；B. achievement成就；C. discovery发现；D. movement运动。根据上文“Richard dreamed of running a marathon, signed up, and ____ the New York Marathon.”可知，他报名并跑完纽约马拉松，这是一项了不起的成果。 【26题详解】 考查副词。句意：他目前是世界上跑得最快的截肢运动员。A. fortunately幸运地；B. potentially潜在地；C. immediately立刻；D. currently目前。根据上文“By working hard throughout the year, he broke his own record, running the Chicago Marathon in 2:41:36 in October 2024.”可知，2024年这次破纪录是当下最新情况，这是目前的情况。 【27题详解】 考查名词。句意：对他来说，马拉松就是人生的经验教训。A. memories回忆；B. fantasies幻想；C. lessons经验，教训；D. occupations职业。根据下文“Marathon running is like life; it’s full of challenges, but with support and guidance, you can ____ them and grow stronger”可知，他把马拉松和人生道理结合，从中收获人生启示。 【28题详解】 考查形容词。句意：但如果我们向前迈出积极的一步，无论我们是10岁还是70岁，男人还是女人，我们都可以进步。A. sudden突然的；B. careful小心的；C. casual随意的；D. positive积极的根据上文“We often look at obstacles and say, ‘Running isn’t for me’, or ‘This will take too much hard work’.”可知，人们面对障碍容易退缩，这里转折，倡导迈出积极的一步。 【29题详解】 考查动词。句意同上。A. compete竞争；B. survive幸存；C. improve进步；D. observe观察。根据下文“Marathon running is like life; it’s full of challenges, but with support and guidance, you can ____ them and grow stronger,”可知，克服挑战之后会变强、取得进步。 【30题详解】 考查动词。句意：马拉松赛跑就像人生；它充满挑战，但有支持和指引，你可以克服它们并且变得更强。A. gain获得；B. overcome克服；C. protect保护；D. command命令。根据上文“Marathon running is like life; it’s full of challenges”可知，them指代前面的challenges，搭配overcome challenges表示“克服挑战”，符合语境。 【31题详解】 考查名词。句意：据Richard所说，马拉松参赛者的多样性给他留下最深刻的印象。A. runners跑步者，参赛者；B. regions地区；C. ranges范围；D. origins起源。根据下文“On Friday, families were running 10 km with pushchairs, young people with autism (孤独症) were ____, and there were ____ marathoners alongside first-timers.”可知，后文列举的都是参赛跑步的人群。 【32题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：周五，有家庭推着婴儿车跑完10公里，患有孤独症的年轻人也参与其中，有经验丰富的马拉松选手，也有初次参赛的选手。A. preparing for为……准备；B. taking part参加；C. worrying about担心；D. falling apart崩溃。根据上文“According to Richard, the diversity of marathon ____ has made the greatest impression on him.”可知，马拉松参赛者多样，此处在举例不同人群参与跑步活动。 【33题详解】 考查形容词。句意同上。A. terrified害怕的；B. confused困惑的；C. experienced有经验的；D. concerned担心的。根据下文“alongside first-timers”可知，此处对应有经验的选手，表示初次参赛的选手。 【34题详解】 考查动词。句意：他说：“通过运动，我们相互联系，相互激励，即使不会说同一种语言或不共享相同的背景。”A. connect联结；B. build建造；C. attract吸引；D. encourage鼓励。根据下文“relate, and inspire each other”可知，空处应使用connect表示“联结”，与后文的relate、inspire each other并列，说明人们通过运动互相建立联系、产生共鸣、彼此激励。 【35题详解】 考查动词。句意同上。A. receiving收到；B. building建立；C. organizing组织；D. sharing共有，共享。根据下文“the same background”以及语境可知，此处表示没有共享相同的背景，和“不说同一种语言”并列，体现差异。 第二节 语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分) 根据句子结构的语法性，在下面空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词的适当形式填空。 Artificial intelligence may soon move beyond Earth, ____36____ China’s AI satellites aiming to bring computing power into space for the first time. Traditional satellites mainly fall into three ____37____ (category): communication satellites, navigation (导航) satellites and remote-sensing satellites. But now, China is developing a fourth type — computing satellites — designed to perform data processing tasks in orbit rather than simply send information back to Earth. Known as the Three-Body Computing Constellation (三体计算星座), the project ____38____ (launch) by Zhejiang Lab, a research institute in China, together with global partners in 2023. It was ____39____ (public) launched in November 2024, and aims to bring AI models into space and build ____40____ large-scale computing network among satellites. As satellite numbers continue to grow, ____41____ (handle) the huge amount of data they generate has become a major challenge. By 2032, an estimated 3,000 remote-sensing satellites worldwide could generate 300 petabytes of data. Sending all this data back to Earth for analysis would be ____42____ (cost) and inefficient. Therefore, moving computing power and AI models into orbit could help satellites process information ____43____ (fast) and respond more effectively. This is ____44____ space-based AI is developed. Currently, the Three-Body Computing Constellation team has developed technology that allows AI models ____45____ (place) from the ground onto different satellite nodes(节点). The team has already placed 20 models and tested several applications, including autonomous wildfire detection and early warning, and water monitoring through joint satellite operations. 【答案】36. with 37. categories 38. was launched 39. publicly 40. a 41. handling 42. costly 43. faster 44. why 45. to be placed 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国研发三体计算星座，将AI与算力搬上太空，让卫星在轨处理数据，解决海量遥感信息回传成本高、效率低的问题。 【36题详解】 考查介词。句意：人工智能可能很快将超越地球，随着中国的AI卫星首次致力于把算力带入太空。此处为“with+宾语+现在分词”的复合结构，作伴随状语。 【37题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：传统卫星主要分为三类：通信卫星、导航卫星和遥感卫星。three后接可数名词复数形式categories，作宾语。 【38题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：该项目被称为三体计算星座，由中国研究机构浙江实验室与全球合作伙伴于2023年共同启动。根据时间状语in 2023可知，应使用一般过去时，主语the project与launch构成被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是the project，be动词使用was。 【39题详解】 考查副词。句意：它于2024年11月公开发射，旨在将人工智能模型带入太空，并在卫星之间建立一个大规模的计算网络。空处修饰动词launched，应用副词publicly，作状语。 【40题详解】 考查冠词。句意同上。network为可数名词单数，此处表泛指，且large-scale为辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：随着卫星数量的持续增长，处理它们产生的大量数据已成为一项重大挑战。空处作主句主语，应用动名词形式handling。 【42题详解】 考查形容词。句意：将所有这些数据发送回地球进行分析将是昂贵且低效的。空处与inefficient并列，作表语，应用形容词形式costly。 【43题详解】 考查副词比较级。句意：因此，将算力和AI模型转移到轨道上可以帮助卫星更快地处理信息并做出更有效的响应。结合more effectively可知，此处表示帮助卫星更快地处理信息并做出更有效的响应，空处应使用比较级形式faster。 【44题详解】 考查表语从句。句意：这就是发展天基AI的原因。This is why...为固定句型，表示“这就是……的原因”。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：目前，三体计算星座团队已经开发出一种技术，可以将AI模型从地面放置在不同的卫星节点上。allow sth. to do表示“允许……做……”，place与AI models之间是被动关系，所以空处应使用动词不定式的被动式，allow sth. to be done表示“允许某物被……”。 第三部分 写作(共三节;满分50分) 第一节 基础考查(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分。请在答题卡上填上该单词含首字母的完整形式) 46. We will treat you to dinner in a________ (承认) of your timely help. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】acknowledgement##cknowledgement 【解析】 【详解】句意：为了答谢你及时的帮助，我们将请你吃晚饭。根据中文提示“承认”和首字母a可知，此处应填入名词acknowledgement，作宾语，in acknowledgement of为固定搭配，意为“为答谢……”。 47. The c________ (结果) of a rising sea level would be widespread flooding. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】consequence##onsequence 【解析】 【详解】句意：海平面上升的结果将是大范围的洪水。根据首字母c和中文提示“结果”可知，应填入名词consequence，在句中作主语。 48. I am writing to a________(号召)to everyone to take an active part in building a more beautiful school. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】appeal##ppeal 【解析】 【详解】句意：我写信是为了号召大家积极参与建设一个更美丽的学校。根据汉语提示“号召”及首字母a可知，此处应填动词appeal。固定搭配 appeal to sb. to do sth. 意为“呼吁/号召某人做某事”。空前为不定式符号to，故此处应用动词原形。 49. You can turn unemployment into a b________ (幸事；福气) in disguise — if you have the right mindset. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】blessing##lessing 【解析】 【详解】句意：如果你有正确的心态，你可以把失业变成因祸得福。根据汉语提示“幸事；福气”以及首字母b可知，此处应填入名词blessing。此外，“a blessing in disguise”为英语中的固定习语，意为“因祸得福”，且前面有不定冠词a，故使用单数形式。 50. A healthy diet should help your body r________ (抵抗) infection. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】resist##esist 【解析】 【详解】句意：健康的饮食应该有助于你的身体抵抗感染。根据中文提示“抵抗”及首字母r可知，应填动词resist，此处用于“help+宾语+宾语补足语”结构，help后可接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。 51. In fact, ________ (surround) by six of Sweden’s tallest peaks and over 100 glaciers gives the park a dramatic landscape that few places in Europe can match. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】being surrounded 【解析】 【详解】句意：事实上，被瑞典六座最高山峰以及一百多条冰川环绕，使得这座公园拥有欧洲几乎没有地方可以与之媲美的壮丽景色。空格处在句中作主语，逻辑主语the park和surround之间是被动关系，要用动名词的被动形式being surrounded作句子主语。 52. To protect personal privacy, smart-home companies that record users’ conversations without permission may be banned ________ selling their products online. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】from 【解析】 【详解】句意：为保护个人隐私，未经许可录制用户对话的智能家居公司可能会被禁止在网上销售其产品。固定搭配ban sb. from doing sth.表示“禁止某人做某事”，本句使用被动结构be banned from doing sth.，所以空处应使用介词from。 53. With researchers working day and night to test new treatments for malaria, it won’t be long ________ scientists find another herbal medicine like artemisinin to save millions of lives. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】before 【解析】 【详解】句意：研究人员日夜奋战测试疟疾新疗法，用不了多久科学家就会找到另一种像青蒿素一样能拯救数百万人生命的草药。 固定句型：It won’t be long before...，意为“不久之后就……；用不了多久就……”，before引导时间状语从句。 54. At 9 p.m. tomorrow, the smart home system ________ (monitor) the indoor temperature and turn off unnecessary lights automatically. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】will be monitoring 【解析】 【详解】句意：明天晚上9点，智能家居系统将正在监测室内温度，并自动关闭不必要的灯光。根据时间状语At 9 p.m. tomorrow可知，用将来进行时，表示将来某个时间点正在发生的动作，谓语用will be monitoring。 55. For the Sami people, the reindeer is an important animal ________ milk and meat have kept families alive through the long, cold winters. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whose 【解析】 【详解】句意：对于萨米人来说，驯鹿是一种重要的动物，它的奶和肉使家庭得以度过漫长寒冷的冬天。设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词animal，关系词在从句中作定语，表示“动物的奶和肉”，应用关系代词whose引导。 第二节 应用文写作(满分15分) 56. 你校英文报“Opinion”栏目正在征稿：评价一位伟大人物时，有人认为应看重他的achievements（成就），有人认为更应看重他的character（品格）。请选择你支持的一方，结合人物实例阐述理由。 注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 What Matters More: Achievements or Character? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: What Matters More: Achievements or Character? In my opinion, character matters more than achievements when we evaluate a great person. Achievements show what a person has done, but character reveals who he truly is. Take Yuan Longping as an example. He is famous for developing hybrid rice, yet what moves me most is his simple life and deep care for ordinary people. He spent most of his time in the fields, not seeking wealth or fame. His achievements fed millions, but his kindness and persistence inspire us to serve others. Therefore, character is the true mark of greatness. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生以What Matters More: Achievements or Character?为题向英文报栏目投稿，选择你支持的一方，结合人物实例阐述理由。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 评价：evaluate→estimate 以……为例：take…as an example→ take…for instance 追求：seek→pursue 坚持：persistence→perseverance 2. 句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：His achievements fed millions, but his kindness and persistence inspire us to serve others. 拓展句：His achievements fed millions, but it is his kindness and persistence that inspire us to serve others. 【点睛】【高分句型 1】Achievements show what a person has done, but character reveals who he truly is.(运用了what和who引导的宾语从句) 【高分句型 2】He is famous for developing hybrid rice, yet what moves me most is his simple life and deep care for ordinary people.(运用了what引导的主语从句) 第三节 读后续写(满分25分) 57. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 With the Spring Festival only weeks away, my mother and I decided to decorate our home with hand-made paper cuttings instead of printed ones. She would take care of the couplets(对联), while my job was to learn paper cutting from my grandma. There was just one thing I hadn’t counted on: the scissors in Grandma’s hand seemed to have a mind of their own. My first “fish” looked like a torn leaf. Grandma smiled, “The paper has its own temper. Listen to it.” I laughed it off. How could paper have a temper? For the following week, I practised every evening after homework. Slowly my cuts grew smoother, and by the tenth day I finished a “double happiness” character. Grandma checked each piece and nodded with a warm smile. Mother pinned it on the window with pride. My plan seemed to be working out just fine. Unexpectedly, three days before the Festival, Grandma fell ill and was sent to hospital. Left alone with the red paper, I struggled. The window of Grandma’s room remained empty, and relatives would come for the reunion dinner in three days. When I tried to copy her “lucky carp(鲤鱼)”, the tail tore at the final cut. It was a freezing evening. The radiator(暖气片) clicked, but my heart sank. I wanted to throw the scissors into the drawer and buy a printed one instead. Eventually, I swept the paper scraps into the bin and turned off the light. Two days passed, and the torn carp remained in the bin. The Festival was almost here. My mother suggested visiting Grandma, but I refused, ashamed to face her with empty hands. On the morning of the twenty-ninth, my phone buzzed with her voice message from the hospital: “Don’t throw away the torn carp. A torn tail only means the paper was telling you something. Listen to it.” I played it again and again in the cold room. Putting myself in her shoes, I finally understood: listening to the paper meant following its grain(纹理) patiently, never forcing the scissors. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150个左右;2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I picked up the torn carp from the bin and smoothed it out on the desk. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ When I held the new carp against the hospital window, Grandma’s eyes lit up. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】I picked up the torn carp from the bin and smoothed it out on the desk. Staring at the broken tail, I carefully studied the grain of the red paper. This time I didn’t rush. I held the scissors gently, moving them along the natural lines instead of forcing cuts. Whenever I felt the paper resisting, I paused and adjusted my angle. Hour after hour, I concentrated on every small cut. Slowly, a new carp took shape, its tail soft and lively. I added delicate patterns around it, full of New Year wishes. Finishing the work, I carefully wrapped the paper cutting and headed for the hospital. When I held the new carp against the hospital window, Grandma’s eyes lit up. She stretched out her thin fingers and touched the red carp gently, a big smile spreading across her face. “You finally heard what the paper says,” she whispered. Mom stood beside us, taking photos happily. That Spring Festival, our special paper cutting carried more than festival joy. It passed down Grandma’s wisdom: we should be patient and respect the nature of things, just like cutting paper. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索。讲述了春节将至，作者跟着奶奶学习剪纸。练习一段时间后作者小有进步，可奶奶突然生病住院。作者尝试剪锦鲤时剪坏了，十分沮丧。收到奶奶语音提醒后，作者领悟剪纸要顺应纸的纹理。作者重新静心剪出锦鲤，带到医院。奶奶十分欣慰，这件事让作者懂得做事要有耐心，顺应事物本身的规律。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容可知，本段可以写作者领悟剪纸要顺应纸的纹理，重新静心剪出锦鲤。 ②由第二段首句内容可知，本段可以写作者把鲤鱼剪纸带到医院，奶奶十分欣慰，同时，这件事让作者懂得做事要有耐心。 2.续写线索：领悟剪纸要顺应纸的纹理→重新静心剪出锦鲤→带到医院→奶奶十分欣慰→懂得做事要有耐心 3.词汇激活 行为类 暂停：pause/suspend 包裹：wrap/pack 情绪类 轻柔地：gently/softly 开心地：happily/cheerfully 【点睛】[高分句型1]. Whenever I felt the paper resisting, I paused and adjusted my angle. (运用了Whenever引导的时间状语从句。) [高分句型2]. Staring at the broken tail, I carefully studied the grain of the red paper. (运用了现在分词作状语。) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 东莞市东华高级中学 东华松山湖高级中学 2026-2027学年高二第一学期学习效率检测(一) 高二英语 本试题共三部分，满分130分，考试时间130分钟 第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中选出最佳选项。 A Getting Along with Grizzlies (灰熊) Almost three-quarters of all young females that grow up in the Elk Valley die young. In fact, after tracking 70 bears between 2016 and 2022, experts found survival rates for young grizzlies in the Elk Valley are the lowest recorded in North America. Causes of grizzly deaths Challenges to human-bear coexistence in the Elk Valley Measures taken Since April 2024, the government has taken effort to help humans and bears share the landscape. One of the most effective tools is electric fencing, which reduces damage to infrastructure (基础设施) by 80% — 100%. It keeps bears away from attractants like garbage, which reduces conflicts. These simple, low-cost measures are saving lives — on both sides. As someone puts it, “Coexistence is a two-way street. If we want bears to survive, we have to be willing to change, too.” 1. How many tracked grizzlies died due to human-related causes? A. 40%. B. 46.6%. C. 86.6%. D. 93.3%. 2. Why is the number of grizzlies stable in the Elk Valley? A. Their death rate decreases. B. Some learn to travel safely. C. Their survival gets protected. D. Some move in from nearby. 3. What is the main function of electric fencing? A. Saving humans from bears. B. Preventing conflict and loss. C. Letting bears trust humans. D. Cutting the bear control cost. B I am the world’s leading climate change protector. Well, since last month. That’s when we had the solar panels (板) set, linked to an app on my phone. Now, wherever I am, I can open the app and see how much electricity we are creating and how much we are consuming (消耗). Right now, we’re exporting 2.37 kilowatts to the grid (电网). I enjoy the feeling. Yes, I’m saving the planet. More to the point: I’m making upwards of 10 cents an hour, DOING NOTHING. Certainly, you have to put in a bit of effort. Ever since I became an energy exporter, I have been patrolling (巡逻) the house, trying to maximize our production. Of course, I get some complaints from my wife, Jocasta, along the lines of “I was using that light to read a book” or “Why didn’t you save my work before turning off my computer,” but I think she is grateful for my assistance. The only problem? Just last night, I turned off everything but we were still consuming 0.05 of a kilowatt. I checked the fridge. It was not humming (哼鸣). All the overhead lights were out. Nothing was on standby. Yet there it was. I hardly slept, my mind trying to work through every corner of the house. Back at office, I find it hard to tear my eyes away from the app. Right now, it’s midday. Jocasta is at home. I glance at the app. Clouds overhead! Disaster! We’re now producing nothing. Nothing at all. And consumption is suddenly through the roof. We’re using up grid power. What’s Jocasta up to? Running a factory? The next day, at work, around midday, I check the app just to estimate how much I’ve earned. What? Disaster! Clouds overhead again and yet power still being used. Jocasta is out of the house. Why, oh why, has Jocasta left the TV remote in reach of the dog? I must have a word with her. You see, sometimes it’s hard to be ahead of your time. 4. What can we learn about the author from paragraph 1? A. He is a creative businessman. B. He takes pride in the solar gains. C. He enjoys environmental protection. D. He has a gift for app development. 5. What does Jocasta complain about? A. The unknown waste of power. B. Her family’s impatient attitude. C. The unsteady supply of electricity. D. Her husband’s unreasonable behavior. 6. What does the last paragraph suggest? A. Jocasta wastes power on machines at home. B. The dog may have caused the unknown consumption. C. The solar system fails to work on cloudy days. D. The author cares little about family daily life. 7. What message does the text convey? A. Actions speak louder than words. B. A penny saved is a penny earned. C. Great minds think ahead of their time. D. Technology is a good servant but a bad master. C Pop culture holds that if you’re trapped in a well, Lassie (灵犬莱西) will lead the rescue — but if you’re stuck with Garfield (加菲猫), you’d better have some lasagna (千层面) in your pocket. And a recent study suggests such stereotypes (刻板印象)aren’t far off. The study grew out of a broader question about prosocial behavior (亲社会行为) — why some species help others and some don’t, says comparative ethologist (动物行为学家) Melitta Csepregi. To get at that, she and her colleagues compared 19 children (16–24 months old) with 38 untrained pet dogs and 22 cats — three species that live closely with humans but differ sharply in their long-term histories. In the experiment, a familiar caregiver — the child’s parent or the pet’s owner — interacted with a sponge (海绵) before turning away. Then an experimenter hid it in full view of the study subject. Across three trials — when the sponge was unreachable and covered, then visible but out of reach, then fully reachable — the caregiver searched, repeating, “I can’t find it. What should I do?” but never directly addressing the subject. The study, published in Animal Behaviour, found that all three groups paid similar levels of attention. But children and dogs were more likely to show helping-related behaviors — approaching, indicating or getting back the object. By the third trial, more than half the dogs and nearly half the kids indicated the object’s location, and some even brought it to the caregiver. Cats never approached it and only rarely indicated its location. So was it that the cats didn’t understand the signal, or did they just lack the motivation? To find out, the researchers added a final trial, replacing the sponge with food or a favorite toy. Cats then approached and indicated the object as often as dogs and children did. “This brilliant study puts hard data to showing that cats aren’t mean but operate on a different natural system,” says ethologist Elisabetta Palagi, who was not part of the study. Dogs and children, she notes, are naturally hardwired to treat another’s problem as their own. Cats, however, remain independent, understanding the situation without feeling forced to step in unless there’s a direct benefit for themselves. “They truly are the efficient specialists of the animal kingdom.” 8. How does the author introduce the research topic in paragraph 1? A. By presenting a scientific theory. B. By citing pop culture images. C. By questioning certain stereotypes. D. By describing a rescue experience. 9. What can we learn about the experiment? A. The caregiver turned to the subject for help. B. The first three trials were randomly conducted. C. The last trial explored the cause of cats’ inaction. D. The subjects have the same long-term histories. 10. What does the underlined word “hardwired” mean in paragraph 6? A. Naturally built-in B. Intentionally taught C. Gradually developed D. Temporarily acquired 11. What does Palagi mean by referring to cats as “efficient specialists”? A. They are less attached to humans. B. They are more advantageous after long-term development. C. They help only when it pays to do so. D. They are more efficient at problem-solving. D As a psychology writer, I’ve come across hundreds of evidence-based tips for better thinking. Few have proven as useful as the ancient strategy of illeism — the practice of talking about oneself in the third person. To the modern era, illeism can sound a little silly. Yet recent research suggests that illeism can bring real benefits. To understand why, we must examine how scientists measure wise reasoning. Igor Grossmann, a leading researcher in wisdom, identified qualities like humbleness, openness to others’ views and adaptability. In an early study, participants voiced responses to difficulties, while psychologists rated their answers. Grossmann found these tests better predicted life satisfaction and social relationship quality than IQ tests, suggesting the studies captured unique reasoning skills. Grossmann’s later studies discovered that people’s wise reasoning can depend on the context — their scores tended to be much higher when considering others’ situations than their own. Grossmann called this “Solomon’s Paradox” after the King Solomon, who was famous for giving others wise advice but making poor personal decisions. The problem seems to be that when making personal choices, emotions cloud our judgment. If a friend gives me negative feedback, for example, embarrassment might make me too defensive. I might therefore ignore their opinions without considering whether they could be helpful in the long-term. Could illeism solve Solomon’s Paradox? The idea makes sense: switching to the third person allows us to see the bigger picture, rather than getting caught up in our own feelings. Grossmann’s latest studies support this idea: participants who kept a third-person diary for a month showed greater wise reasoning gains than first-person writers. Illeism users also reported calmer responses to stressful events, suggesting a more balanced response to daily challenges. Based on these findings, I now apply illeism to all decisions, small and big. I find that a few moments to view my problems from a third-person perspective helps me to see the issue more clearly. 12. What is the focus of Grossmann’s first study? A. How psychologists rated social skills. B. How wise reasoning was assessed. C. How IQ tests predicted life satisfaction. D. How participants solved tough problems. 13. What is “Solomon’s Paradox”? A. An effective way to improve people’s reasoning. B. A theory on how emotions affect decision-making. C. The phenomenon that one is wiser when helping others. D. The tendency of being overconfident when advising others. 14. Which group showed better emotional responses in Grossmann’s later study? A. Those using third-person diaries. B. Those writing to themselves. C. Those having wise reasoning training. D. Those experiencing stressful events. 15. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A. The positive psychology of self-distancing B. Social benefits of illeism in decision-making C. Evidence-based solution to Solomon’s Paradox D. Illeism: An ancient trick to help wise reasoning 第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Avoid Media Multitasking When you study or work at home, have you grown used to keeping multiple screens on? TVs, laptops, phones — before you know it, you suffer from tired eyes, sore shoulders and mental exhaustion. Manoush Zomorodi, the host of TED Radio Hour, calls this media multitasking, which gives your brain too much information to process all at once. ____16____. ●Practise single-tasking Human brains cannot truly multitask. They just switch rapidly between activities, which consumes mental energy, lowers efficiency and causes errors. ____17____. For deep-thinking tasks like reading or solving problems, this rule applies most. ● ____18____ Looking through news or short videos when tired does not refresh your brain — it adds to tiredness. A real break means stepping away from screens. For work that keeps you on screens, take a few minutes every 30 minutes to stand, walk, or stretch, which eases mental tension. ●Guarantee quality sleep Poor sleep or regular late nights leave mental tiredness unrelieved, resulting in continuous distraction and exhaustion. ____19____. To solve the problem, you need to develop healthy bedtime routines. Avoiding screens before bedtime and sticking to a regular sleep schedule help complete brain recovery. ●Rebuild deep concentration ____20____. You can regain it through practice. Set fixed screen-free reading sessions. Don’t expect long focus at first; when your mind wanders, pause and return. Gradually extend your focus time. With steady practice, your brain will readapt to deep thinking. A. Stop resting on phones B. Set a time limit on phone use C. She offers some science-based strategies to help accordingly D. Therefore, finish one task entirely before moving on to the next E. Constant information overload weakens your continuous attention F. Adjusting sleep habits helps you instantly relieve mental exhaustion G. Worse still, it will reduce the effects of other mental recovery strategies 第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 48-year-old Richard Whitehead is a Paralympic Gold Medallist (残奥会金牌得主), world record holder, and marathon runner. Born with a double through-knee congenital amputation (先天性截肢), Richard ____21____ a passion for sport early on. He embraced sport not just as a ____22____, but as a way to live without limits — a philosophy instilled (灌输) by his parents that continues to shape his life and ____23____ millions. Over twenty years ago, Richard dreamed of running a marathon, signed up, and ____24____ the New York Marathon. Since that incredible ____25____, he has won a gold medal in the T42 200 meters in London 2012. By working hard throughout the year, he broke his own record, running the Chicago Marathon in 2:41:36 in October 2024. He is ____26____ the fastest amputee runner in the world. For him, marathons are life ____27____. “We often look at obstacles and say, ‘Running isn’t for me’, or ‘This will take too much hard work’. But if we take one ____28____ step forward, whether we’re 10 or 70, man or woman, we can all ____29____. Marathon running is like life; it’s full of challenges, but with support and guidance, you can ____30____ them and grow stronger,” he emphasized. According to Richard, the diversity of marathon ____31____ has made the greatest impression on him. “On Friday, families were running 10 km with pushchairs, young people with autism (孤独症) were ____32____, and there were ____33____ marathoners alongside first-timers. Through sport, we ____34____ relate, and inspire each other, even without speaking the same language or ____35____ the same background,” he said. 21. A. controlled B. ignored C. imagined D. developed 22. A. guideline B. competition C. behavior D. treatment 23. A. challenge B. defeat C. inspire D. comfort 24. A. completed B. approved C. changed D. defended 25. A. coverage B. achievement C. discovery D. movement 26. A. fortunately B. potentially C. immediately D. currently 27. A. memories B. fantasies C. lessons D. occupations 28. A. sudden B. careful C. casual D. positive 29. A. compete B. survive C. improve D. observe 30. A. gain B. overcome C. protect D. command 31. A. runners B. regions C. ranges D. origins 32. A. preparing for B. taking part C. worrying about D. falling apart 33. A. terrified B. confused C. experienced D. concerned 34. A. connect B. build C. attract D. encourage 35. A. receiving B. building C. organizing D. sharing 第二节 语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分) 根据句子结构的语法性，在下面空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词的适当形式填空。 Artificial intelligence may soon move beyond Earth, ____36____ China’s AI satellites aiming to bring computing power into space for the first time. Traditional satellites mainly fall into three ____37____ (category): communication satellites, navigation (导航) satellites and remote-sensing satellites. But now, China is developing a fourth type — computing satellites — designed to perform data processing tasks in orbit rather than simply send information back to Earth. Known as the Three-Body Computing Constellation (三体计算星座), the project ____38____ (launch) by Zhejiang Lab, a research institute in China, together with global partners in 2023. It was ____39____ (public) launched in November 2024, and aims to bring AI models into space and build ____40____ large-scale computing network among satellites. As satellite numbers continue to grow, ____41____ (handle) the huge amount of data they generate has become a major challenge. By 2032, an estimated 3,000 remote-sensing satellites worldwide could generate 300 petabytes of data. Sending all this data back to Earth for analysis would be ____42____ (cost) and inefficient. Therefore, moving computing power and AI models into orbit could help satellites process information ____43____ (fast) and respond more effectively. This is ____44____ space-based AI is developed. Currently, the Three-Body Computing Constellation team has developed technology that allows AI models ____45____ (place) from the ground onto different satellite nodes(节点). The team has already placed 20 models and tested several applications, including autonomous wildfire detection and early warning, and water monitoring through joint satellite operations. 第三部分 写作(共三节;满分50分) 第一节 基础考查(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分。请在答题卡上填上该单词含首字母的完整形式) 46. We will treat you to dinner in a________ (承认) of your timely help. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 47. The c________ (结果) of a rising sea level would be widespread flooding. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 48. I am writing to a________(号召)to everyone to take an active part in building a more beautiful school. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 49. You can turn unemployment into a b________ (幸事；福气) in disguise — if you have the right mindset. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 50. A healthy diet should help your body r________ (抵抗) infection. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 51. In fact, ________ (surround) by six of Sweden’s tallest peaks and over 100 glaciers gives the park a dramatic landscape that few places in Europe can match. (所给词的适当形式填空) 52. To protect personal privacy, smart-home companies that record users’ conversations without permission may be banned ________ selling their products online. (用适当的词填空) 53. With researchers working day and night to test new treatments for malaria, it won’t be long ________ scientists find another herbal medicine like artemisinin to save millions of lives. (用适当的词填空) 54. At 9 p.m. tomorrow, the smart home system ________ (monitor) the indoor temperature and turn off unnecessary lights automatically. (所给词的适当形式填空) 55. For the Sami people, the reindeer is an important animal ________ milk and meat have kept families alive through the long, cold winters. (用适当的词填空) 第二节 应用文写作(满分15分) 56. 你校英文报“Opinion”栏目正在征稿：评价一位伟大人物时，有人认为应看重他的achievements（成就），有人认为更应看重他的character（品格）。请选择你支持的一方，结合人物实例阐述理由。 注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 What Matters More: Achievements or Character? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第三节 读后续写(满分25分) 57. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 With the Spring Festival only weeks away, my mother and I decided to decorate our home with hand-made paper cuttings instead of printed ones. She would take care of the couplets(对联), while my job was to learn paper cutting from my grandma. There was just one thing I hadn’t counted on: the scissors in Grandma’s hand seemed to have a mind of their own. My first “fish” looked like a torn leaf. Grandma smiled, “The paper has its own temper. Listen to it.” I laughed it off. How could paper have a temper? For the following week, I practised every evening after homework. Slowly my cuts grew smoother, and by the tenth day I finished a “double happiness” character. Grandma checked each piece and nodded with a warm smile. Mother pinned it on the window with pride. My plan seemed to be working out just fine. Unexpectedly, three days before the Festival, Grandma fell ill and was sent to hospital. Left alone with the red paper, I struggled. The window of Grandma’s room remained empty, and relatives would come for the reunion dinner in three days. When I tried to copy her “lucky carp(鲤鱼)”, the tail tore at the final cut. It was a freezing evening. The radiator(暖气片) clicked, but my heart sank. I wanted to throw the scissors into the drawer and buy a printed one instead. Eventually, I swept the paper scraps into the bin and turned off the light. Two days passed, and the torn carp remained in the bin. The Festival was almost here. My mother suggested visiting Grandma, but I refused, ashamed to face her with empty hands. On the morning of the twenty-ninth, my phone buzzed with her voice message from the hospital: “Don’t throw away the torn carp. A torn tail only means the paper was telling you something. Listen to it.” I played it again and again in the cold room. Putting myself in her shoes, I finally understood: listening to the paper meant following its grain(纹理) patiently, never forcing the scissors. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150个左右;2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I picked up the torn carp from the bin and smoothed it out on the desk. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ When I held the new carp against the hospital window, Grandma’s eyes lit up. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $