精品解析：辽宁沈阳市第八十三中学2026-2027学年高一10月诊断英语学科试题

高一英语学科诊断 考试时间：120分钟 试卷总分：150分 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. Why does the woman complain about the new office? A. The view is less attractive. B. The elevator is often crowded. C. The location is not convenient. 2. What is the woman going to do this weekend? A. Enjoy the scenery in the park. B. Go sightseeing with the man. C. Collect some fallen leaves. 3. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Interviewer and interviewee. B. Employer and employee. C. Co-workers. 4. What does the man ask the woman to check? A His content. B. His movements. C. His pronunciation. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A competition. B. Flowers. C. Photos. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段录音，回答第6、7题。 6. What do we know about Astoria? A. It is near the downtown area. B. It has a good transport system. C. It is full of wonderful buildings. 7. What is the short film called? A. The Moving Image. B. Behind the Screen. C. 24 Frames. 听第7段录音，回答第8、9题。 8. Why did the man invite the woman to go camping? A. He needed a partner. B. He hoped to learn survival skills. C. He loved to get close to nature. 9. How did the speakers get the food? A. The woman prepared it. B. The man bought it. C. The man made it. 听第8段录音，回答第10至12题。 10. What is the main reason for the man’s visit? A. He has a sore throat. B. He wants to quit smoking. C. He cannot breathe properly. 11. What is the cause of the man’s problem? A. A common infection. B. A neck injury. C. A behavior change. 12. How many tablets should the man take a day? A. Four. B. Eight. C. Ten. 听第9段录音，回答第13至16题。 13. What did Lynn do for her colleague? A. She did work instead of her. B. She helped her ask for leave. C. She stayed with her till late. 14. What does Lynn think of her manager? A. Strict. B. Practical. C. Unfair. 15. What does Lynn want the man to do for her? A. Introduce her to a new employer. B. Have a talk with her manager. C. Write a recommendation letter. 16. What does the man suggest Lynn do with her manager? A. Tell his boss the truth. B. Ask him for a promotion. C. Chat with him. 听第10段录音，回答第17至20题。 17. What does the speaker remind the listeners to do at first? A. Make a ticket purchase. B. Attend the concert next week. C. Discuss the most popular charity. 18. Which charity will get the money? A. Water Aid. B. Animal Rescue. C. The Children’s Society. 19. Why does the speaker express thanks to some of the listeners? A. For donating money. B. For voting for the charity. C. For offering voluntary help. 20. What does the speaker still need a volunteer for? A. Organizing the refreshments. B. Creating the concert poster. C. Checking the tickets. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15个小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Whether you are a lifelong bookworm or are trying to develop a love for reading in your kids, the 2024 Miami Book Fair is for you. ◆When and Where Is the Fair? This much-loved South Florida event will be held from May 12 to 18, 2024 at the MDC Wolfson Campus in Downtown Miami. ◆What to Expect at the Fair? This year, the fair will feature more than 400 celebrated authors from around the world. There will be a rich collection of writers and their works of almost every type under the sun. Readers can not only explore arts and crafts, but also experience face painting and book giveaways. For green writers, it’s a place to connect with their favorite editors. For book lovers, it’s an opportunity to get autographs (亲笔签名) from many popular authors and ask them some questions. During this week-long book feast, you will find a group of events running from morning to night. ◆How Much Does the Fair Cost? On Friday, the fair is free. On Saturday or Sunday, it is $10 for an adult for one day. Kids under age 12 can attend for free and the kid ages 13 — 18 is $5 per day. So mark your calendars, head to Downtown Miami, and enjoy yourself in the heart of the city’s literary scene. 1. What can visitors do at the fair? A. Donate used books. B. Explore Downtown Miami. C. Enjoy a dinner party. D. Interact with popular authors. 2. How much should a couple with two kids under 12 pay for the Sunday fair? A. $30. B. $25. C. $20. D. $15. 3. What is the purpose of the text? A. To advertise a fair. B. To raise money. C. To introduce a city. D. To recommend books. B Every morning on the island of Oahu, students at Pūʻōhala Elementary gather on a field as towering mountains watch them from the mist. Their day starts with songs in ʻōlelo Hawaiʻi, the islands’ native language, restating values of respect and justice that their teachers hope will guide them through their education, and throughout their lives. Like most kids of their age, they’re not concerned about the significance of the language they’re learning. Still, they have a weighty responsibility: to receive the torch (火炬) and ensure the security of ʻōlelo Hawaiʻi for future generations. It was only 50 years ago that the language was on the edge of extinction (灭绝). Though the situation has much improved, in many ways ʻōlelo Hawaiʻi is still on life support. Teachers say there’s a huge enthusiasm for school kids to learn the language, but as they grow up, they’re encouraged to focus on “more useful” subjects and use English, which is believed to help them in achieving success in their work. In 2016, there were 18,610 Hawaiian speakers on the islands. “One hundred thousand is the rough number of speakers needed to consider the language safe,” says Solomon, a professor of Hawaiian language at the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa. “The idea is that there are enough people passing it on to the next generation, socializing their children to use the language in all fields of life, to express all thoughts and needs and desires.” Fortunately, the kids of Pūʻōhala Elementary will take the responsibility to continue the work of the current young adults defending the language, expanding access to ʻōlelo Hawaiʻi in part through social media platforms, and making the language a practical skill in adulthood. These youth, along with those devoted to recovering the language from previous generations, share their hopes for the better. 4. What are the students at Pūʻōhala Elementary expected to do? A. To figure out the value of life. B. To go out of the island of Oahu. C. To pass their native language down. D. To draw people’s attention to folk songs. 5. What makes the students give up ʻōlelo Hawaiʻi? A. Career development. B. The improved situation. C. Lack of enthusiasm. D. Little educational support. 6. What is the current situation of ʻōlelo Hawaiʻi according to Professor Solomon? A. It is used in all walks of life. B. It is considered a safe language. C. It demands more speakers to be considered safe. D. It has one hundred thousand speakers. 7. What is the author’s attitude toward the future of ʻōlelo Hawaiʻi? A. Worried. B. Hopeful. C. Unclear. D. Indifferent. C A new study involving nearly 50,000 people from four continents offers new insights into identifying the quantity of daily walking steps that will best improve adults’ health and longevity(长寿), and whether the ideal number of steps differs across people of different ages. The study represents an effort to develop an evidence-based public health message about the benefits of physical activity. The often-repeated 10,000-step-a-day saying grew out of a decades-old marketing activity for a Japanese pedometer(计步器), with no science to back it up. Led by physical activity professor Amanda Paluch, an international group of scientists conducted an experiment among adults aged 18 and older. They grouped the nearly 50,000 participants into four comparative groups according to average steps per day. The lowest step group averaged 3,500 steps; the second, 5,800; the third, 7,800; and the fourth, 10,900 steps per day. Among the three higher active groups, there was a 40—53% lower risk of death, compared to the lowest step group. More specifically, for adults 60 and older, the risk of early death leveled off at about 6,000—8,000 steps per day, meaning that more steps than that provided no additional benefit for longevity, while for adults younger than 60, about 8, 000—10,000 steps per day. “So, what we saw was this continuing reduction in risk as the number of steps increases, until it levels off. Interestingly, the study found no definitive association with walking speed.” Paluch says. The new study supports and expands findings from another study led by Paluch before, which found that walking at least 7,000 steps a day reduced middle-aged people’s risk of early death. “There’s a lot of evidence suggesting that moving even a little more is beneficial, particularly for those who are doing very little activity.” Paluch says. “More steps per day are better for your health.” 8. Why did the scientists carry out the new study? A. To know about people’s health condition. B. To explain the pedometer’s working principles. C. To determine the best physical activity for people. D. To provide a scientific guideline on daily walking. 9. What does the underlined phrase “leveled off” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Turned higher. B. Became stable. C. Fell sharply. D. Changed rapidly. 10. What does the experiment find? A. The old should walk as much as possible. B. Young people usually walk more than the old. C. The most beneficial steps differ by age groups. D. Walking pace is the key to avoiding early death. 11. What does Paluch advise people doing little activity to do? A. To walk more steps. B. To control walking speed. C. To limit walking distance. D. To track the number of steps. D As data and identity theft becomes more and more common, the market is growing for biometric(生物测量) technologies—like fingerprint scans—to keep others out of private e-spaces. At present, these technologies are still expensive, though. Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low-cost device(装置) that gets around this problem: a smart keyboard. This smart keyboard precisely measures the cadence(节奏) with which one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key. The keyboard could offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things like the force of a user’s typing and the time between key presses. These patterns are unique to each person. Thus, the keyboard can determine people’s identities, and by extension, whether they should be given access to the computer it’s connected to—regardless of whether someone gets the password right. It also doesn’t require a new type of technology that people aren’t already familiar with. Everybody uses a keyboard and everybody types differently. In a study describing the technology, the researchers had 100 volunteers type the word “touch” four times using the smart keyboard. Data collected from the device could be used to recognize different participants based on how they typed, with very low error rates. The researchers say that the keyboard should be pretty straightforward to commercialize and is mostly made of inexpensive, plastic-like parts. The team hopes to make it to market in the near future. 12. Why do the researchers develop the smart keyboard? A. To reduce pressure on keys. B. To improve accuracy in typing. C. To replace the password system. D. To cut the cost of e-space protection. 13. What makes the invention of the smart keyboard possible? A. Computers are much easier to operate. B. Fingerprint scanning techniques develop fast. C. Typing patterns vary from person to person. D. Data security measures are guaranteed. 14. What do the researchers expect of the smart keyboard? A. It’ll be environment-friendly. B. It’ll reach consumers soon. C. It’ll be made of plastics. D. It’ll help speed up typing. 15. Where is this text most likely from? A. A diary. B. A guidebook C. A novel. D. A magazine. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 My name is McKenzie Skiles and I’m a snow hydrologist (水文学家) at the University of Utah in Salt Lake City. ____16____ Actually, the purpose is to track dust’s impact on water resources. I am most interested in the impact of warming temperatures on snow melting rates, and I have started studying snowmelt since 2009 in Utah and Colorado. When I skied to research sites in Utah to collect snow for my experiment, the mountainous landscapes were covered in dust. ____17____ It’s clear that 2009 was one of the biggest years for dust deposition (沉积) onto snow. ____18____ I usually have to cover several kilometers, carrying a 27-kilogramme pack with a shovel (铲子) to dig a snow hole, tools to cut snow and measure its density, and containers to collect snow for analyses. One year, I hit a dusty area of snow, broke my ski and sliced my leg open. In areas with heavy dust deposition, such as the southern Rocky Mountains, dust speeds up melting by one or two months. Warming air temperatures affect snow gathering, but dust builds up over time and darkens the surface. ____19____ I’m now exploring different ice and snow landscapes for further research. For example, how black-carbon buildup following forest fires affects melting. ____20____ As we move into a future that is likely to be even dustier, we need them to predict snowmelt for many reasons, including working out how to use water in the western United States efficiently. A. The dust caused a lot of trouble. B. I went for miles in the wilderness. C. Doing my research is no easy task. D. One of the goals is to develop snowmelt models. E. In Colorado, the red dust from desert soils had also blown in. F. As a result, the snow will absorb more sunlight and quicken melting. G. My job is to ski in the wilderness to measure dust on top of snow each spring. 第三部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Community ovens (烤箱) are a centuries-old tradition worldwide. There are actually records going back to the 12th century when home ovens were not ____21____. The community ovens were places where people chatted together while their food was ____22____. Fast forward to today, Brickyard Bakery has ____23____ the unique approach. It ____24____ to bake cakes for customers and provides them with a warm place to stay while their cakes, which ____25____ take four or more hours to bake, are in the oven. It’s reported that due to the increasing cost of fuel, many individuals cannot ____26____ to leave their ovens on that long. Owner Ed Hamilton-Trewhitt said, “We’ve ____27____ the idea of a community oven from ancient times. People can ____28____ their cake base (坯) at home. But ____29____ being baked in their own ovens, it can be ____30____ to our bakery for a large amount of baking.” “It struck me that if one was ____31____ about the energy costs of baking the Christmas cake, there would be lots more out there ____32____ the same situation,” he added. “In the big picture, it costs me so little but makes a huge ____33____.” The reaction to this attempt has been so ____34____ that Hamilton-Trewhitt has provided the ____35____ until right before Christmas. After all, that’s what being a good neighbor is all about. 21. A. reliable B. available C. safe D. useful 22. A. saved B. shared C. displayed D. cooked 23. A. witnessed B. suggested C. used D. advertised 24. A. offers B. fails C. declines D. happens 25. A. exactly B. hardly C. typically D. occasionally 26. A. afford B. wait C. fear D. refuse 27. A. challenged B. explained C. removed D. reintroduced 28. A. bake B. prepare C. cut D. enjoy 29. A. instead of B. regardless of C. because of D. as for 30. A. returned B. delivered C. sold D. lent 31. A. excited B. curious C. upset D. certain 32. A. opposed to B. devoted to C. satisfied with D. faced with 33. A. difference B. exchange C. decision D. development 34. A. organised B. positive C. various D. timely 35. A. food B. fuel C. recipe D. service 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 “Pure love, only for China.” When the host of the Harbin Ice and Snow World in Heilongjiang Province shared a heated ____36____ (argue) about the wallpaper of a lost phone to find its owner, cheers broke out among the audience, CCTV News reported. The sentence was from the diary of Chen Xiangrong, ____37____ soldier, who lost his life in a border conflict with Indian troops in June 2020. The owner of the cellphone, surnamed Xie, is a student of the Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine. She learned about Chen’s story when she was in high school. Since then, Xie ____38____ (refer) to Chen as an example. So she took the patriotic (爱国的) expression ____39____ (write) by Chen as a motto, and put together with the national flag ____40____ the background of her cellphone. ____41____ she didn’t expect was the sudden popularity of the wallpaper on the Internet, with many netizens ____42____ (ask) her to share it. “I am very happy that this resonates（共鸣) with so many people. We post-2000s generations are not a lost generation, ____43____ a generation that can contribute to the future of our country,” Xie said. “I firmly believe that through our efforts and hard work, our country will become more prosperous! We will ____44____ (true) live up to the expectations of the times, and make an effort ____45____ (create) a better future for our country!” she added. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华。最近，美国笔友Peter发来电子邮件，说他在汉语学习中遇到了困难，感到非常着急。请给他回复一封电子邮件。内容包括： 1．同情他的处境； 2．给他提出几点建议； 3．希望他情况好转。 注意：1．词数80左右； 2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； Dear Peter, _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段， 使之构成一篇完整的短文，词数应为 150 左右。 My ten-year-old son Mike plays for the local Boys & Girls Club basketball team. Every Wednesday, he and his teammates run, do skill training, and practice playing defense (防守). Knowing that I used to be a player, he longs to show me his skills each time he hits the court (球场). His team is a mixed bag of talent. Some kids can move the ball, pass, and shoot better than others. Some are more active and want to shoot every shot. Some kids who are still learning easily give up on plays when they are disappointed by the rules. Mike has a good coach, who values sharing, teamwork, and working together. At first, I was just a supportive dad cheering from the sidelines. But slowly, I became too focused on his performance, hoping he’d play like the NBA stars I admired. During one game that my wife and I attended, I shouted from the sidelines, telling him when to pass, when to shoot, and how to stand on defense. But all my instructions only made things worse. He lost all sense of direction and didn’t know what to do. When he made a mistake, he turned to me helplessly; his face was full of confusion and disappointment. It looked like he was about to cry. I saw in his eyes that I was no longer helping — I was hurting. On the way home after the game, Mike hardly spoke to me. His silence felt louder than any words. That night, I couldn’t sleep. I told my wife that I felt so terrible about my behavior. My expectations had put unnecessary pressure on my boy. With his experienced coach on the court, Mike could have performed really well. My wife helped me calm down and see the situation differently. She also gave me tips on how to do better and how to be his cheerleader without being so hard on him. I was thankful for her kind words. The next day, I said sorry to Mike and opened an honest conversation with him. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ A few weeks later, Mike gladly invited me to watch their practice. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高一英语学科诊断 考试时间：120分钟 试卷总分：150分 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. Why does the woman complain about the new office? A. The view is less attractive. B. The elevator is often crowded. C. The location is not convenient. 2. What is the woman going to do this weekend? A. Enjoy the scenery in the park. B. Go sightseeing with the man. C. Collect some fallen leaves. 3. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Interviewer and interviewee. B. Employer and employee. C. Co-workers. 4. What does the man ask the woman to check? A His content. B. His movements. C. His pronunciation. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A competition. B. Flowers. C. Photos. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段录音，回答第6、7题。 6. What do we know about Astoria? A. It is near the downtown area. B. It has a good transport system. C. It is full of wonderful buildings. 7. What is the short film called? A. The Moving Image. B. Behind the Screen. C. 24 Frames. 听第7段录音，回答第8、9题。 8. Why did the man invite the woman to go camping? A. He needed a partner. B. He hoped to learn survival skills. C. He loved to get close to nature. 9. How did the speakers get the food? A. The woman prepared it. B. The man bought it. C. The man made it. 听第8段录音，回答第10至12题。 10. What is the main reason for the man’s visit? A. He has a sore throat. B. He wants to quit smoking. C. He cannot breathe properly. 11. What is the cause of the man’s problem? A. A common infection. B. A neck injury. C. A behavior change. 12. How many tablets should the man take a day? A. Four. B. Eight. C. Ten. 听第9段录音，回答第13至16题。 13. What did Lynn do for her colleague? A. She did work instead of her. B. She helped her ask for leave. C. She stayed with her till late. 14. What does Lynn think of her manager? A. Strict. B. Practical. C. Unfair. 15. What does Lynn want the man to do for her? A. Introduce her to a new employer. B. Have a talk with her manager. C. Write a recommendation letter. 16. What does the man suggest Lynn do with her manager? A. Tell his boss the truth. B. Ask him for a promotion. C. Chat with him. 听第10段录音，回答第17至20题。 17. What does the speaker remind the listeners to do at first? A. Make a ticket purchase. B. Attend the concert next week. C. Discuss the most popular charity. 18. Which charity will get the money? A. Water Aid. B. Animal Rescue. C. The Children’s Society. 19. Why does the speaker express thanks to some of the listeners? A. For donating money. B. For voting for the charity. C. For offering voluntary help. 20. What does the speaker still need a volunteer for? A. Organizing the refreshments. B. Creating the concert poster. C. Checking the tickets. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15个小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Whether you are a lifelong bookworm or are trying to develop a love for reading in your kids, the 2024 Miami Book Fair is for you. ◆When and Where Is the Fair? This much-loved South Florida event will be held from May 12 to 18, 2024 at the MDC Wolfson Campus in Downtown Miami. ◆What to Expect at the Fair? This year, the fair will feature more than 400 celebrated authors from around the world. There will be a rich collection of writers and their works of almost every type under the sun. Readers can not only explore arts and crafts, but also experience face painting and book giveaways. For green writers, it’s a place to connect with their favorite editors. For book lovers, it’s an opportunity to get autographs (亲笔签名) from many popular authors and ask them some questions. During this week-long book feast, you will find a group of events running from morning to night. ◆How Much Does the Fair Cost? On Friday, the fair is free. On Saturday or Sunday, it is $10 for an adult for one day. Kids under age 12 can attend for free and the kid ages 13 — 18 is $5 per day. So mark your calendars, head to Downtown Miami, and enjoy yourself in the heart of the city’s literary scene. 1. What can visitors do at the fair? A. Donate used books. B. Explore Downtown Miami. C. Enjoy a dinner party. D. Interact with popular authors. 2. How much should a couple with two kids under 12 pay for the Sunday fair? A. $30. B. $25. C. $20. D. $15. 3. What is the purpose of the text? A. To advertise a fair. B. To raise money. C. To introduce a city. D. To recommend books. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了2024年迈阿密书展的时间、地点、特色活动以及门票价格。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“For book lovers, it’s an opportunity to get autographs (亲笔签名) from many popular authors and ask them some questions. (对于书迷来说，这是一个获得许多受欢迎的作家签名并向他们提问的机会。)”可知，游客可以在书展上与受欢迎的作家进行互动。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“On Saturday or Sunday, it is $10 for an adult for one day. Kids under age 12 can attend for free and the kid ages 13 — 18 is $5 per day. (周六或周日，成人一天门票为10美元。12岁以下儿童可免费入场，13至18岁儿童每天5美元。)”可知，一对夫妇（两名成人）带着两个12岁以下的儿童在周日参加书展的费用为：10美元×2（成人）+0美元（儿童）=20美元。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Whether you are a lifelong bookworm or are trying to develop a love for reading in your kids, the 2024 Miami Book Fair is for you. (无论你是终身热爱阅读的人，还是正在努力培养孩子对读书的兴趣，2024年迈阿密书展都适合你。)”和最后一段“So mark your calendars, head to Downtown Miami, and enjoy yourself in the heart of the city’s literary scene. (请在日历上做好标记，前往迈阿密市中心，在城市文学圈的核心地带尽情享受美好时光。)”可知，文章详细介绍了2024年迈阿密书展的时间、地点、特色活动以及门票价格，并在最后邀请读者参加书展，可推知其目的是宣传该书展。 B Every morning on the island of Oahu, students at Pūʻōhala Elementary gather on a field as towering mountains watch them from the mist. Their day starts with songs in ʻōlelo Hawaiʻi, the islands’ native language, restating values of respect and justice that their teachers hope will guide them through their education, and throughout their lives. Like most kids of their age, they’re not concerned about the significance of the language they’re learning. Still, they have a weighty responsibility: to receive the torch (火炬) and ensure the security of ʻōlelo Hawaiʻi for future generations. It was only 50 years ago that the language was on the edge of extinction (灭绝). Though the situation has much improved, in many ways ʻōlelo Hawaiʻi is still on life support. Teachers say there’s a huge enthusiasm for school kids to learn the language, but as they grow up, they’re encouraged to focus on “more useful” subjects and use English, which is believed to help them in achieving success in their work. In 2016, there were 18,610 Hawaiian speakers on the islands. “One hundred thousand is the rough number of speakers needed to consider the language safe,” says Solomon, a professor of Hawaiian language at the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa. “The idea is that there are enough people passing it on to the next generation, socializing their children to use the language in all fields of life, to express all thoughts and needs and desires.” Fortunately, the kids of Pūʻōhala Elementary will take the responsibility to continue the work of the current young adults defending the language, expanding access to ʻōlelo Hawaiʻi in part through social media platforms, and making the language a practical skill in adulthood. These youth, along with those devoted to recovering the language from previous generations, share their hopes for the better. 4. What are the students at Pūʻōhala Elementary expected to do? A. To figure out the value of life. B. To go out of the island of Oahu. C. To pass their native language down. D. To draw people’s attention to folk songs. 5. What makes the students give up ʻōlelo Hawaiʻi? A. Career development. B. The improved situation. C. Lack of enthusiasm. D. Little educational support. 6. What is the current situation of ʻōlelo Hawaiʻi according to Professor Solomon? A. It is used in all walks of life. B. It is considered a safe language. C. It demands more speakers to be considered safe. D. It has one hundred thousand speakers. 7. What is the author’s attitude toward the future of ʻōlelo Hawaiʻi? A. Worried. B. Hopeful. C. Unclear. D. Indifferent. 【答案】4. C 5. A 6. C 7. B 【解析】 【导语】文章介绍了普奥哈拉小学的学生肩负着传承濒临灭绝的夏威夷语的责任，尽管面临挑战，但年轻一代正努力推广和保护它。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Still, they have a weighty responsibility: to receive the torch (火炬) and ensure the security of ʻōlelo Hawaiʻi for future generations. (尽管如此，他们肩负着重大的责任：接过火炬，并为子孙后代确保夏威夷语的安全。)”可知，这所学校的学生们被期望做的是传承他们的母语。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Teachers say there’s a huge enthusiasm for school kids to learn the language, but as they grow up, they’re encouraged to focus on “more useful” subjects and use English, which is believed to help them in achieving success in their work. (老师们说，孩子们学习这门语言的热情很高，但随着他们长大，他们被鼓励专注于“更有用”的科目和使用英语，人们认为这有助于他们在工作中取得成功。)”可知，职业发展的需求导致学生们放弃这门语言。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“In 2016, there were 18,610 Hawaiian speakers on the islands. (2016年，岛上共有18610名夏威夷语使用者。)”和第四段中Solomon所说的话“One hundred thousand is the rough number of speakers needed to consider the language safe (大约需要十万名说话者，才能认为该语言是安全的。)”可知，目前该语言的使用者远未达到安全的数量标准，表明它需要更多的使用者才能被认为是安全的。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Fortunately, the kids of Pūʻōhala Elementary will take the responsibility to continue the work of the current young adults defending the language (幸运的是，普奥哈拉小学的孩子们将承担起责任，继续由当前的年轻人所开展的保护语言的工作)”和“These youth, along with those devoted to recovering the language from previous generations, share their hopes for the better. (这些年轻人与致力于从上一代人手中恢复语言的人们，共同分享着对更美好未来的希望。)”可知，这里提到孩子们接续保护工作以及年轻一代对更好未来的希望，表明作者对该语言的未来是“充满希望的”。 C A new study involving nearly 50,000 people from four continents offers new insights into identifying the quantity of daily walking steps that will best improve adults’ health and longevity(长寿), and whether the ideal number of steps differs across people of different ages. The study represents an effort to develop an evidence-based public health message about the benefits of physical activity. The often-repeated 10,000-step-a-day saying grew out of a decades-old marketing activity for a Japanese pedometer(计步器), with no science to back it up. Led by physical activity professor Amanda Paluch, an international group of scientists conducted an experiment among adults aged 18 and older. They grouped the nearly 50,000 participants into four comparative groups according to average steps per day. The lowest step group averaged 3,500 steps; the second, 5,800; the third, 7,800; and the fourth, 10,900 steps per day. Among the three higher active groups, there was a 40—53% lower risk of death, compared to the lowest step group. More specifically, for adults 60 and older, the risk of early death leveled off at about 6,000—8,000 steps per day, meaning that more steps than that provided no additional benefit for longevity, while for adults younger than 60, about 8, 000—10,000 steps per day. “So, what we saw was this continuing reduction in risk as the number of steps increases, until it levels off. Interestingly, the study found no definitive association with walking speed.” Paluch says. The new study supports and expands findings from another study led by Paluch before, which found that walking at least 7,000 steps a day reduced middle-aged people’s risk of early death. “There’s a lot of evidence suggesting that moving even a little more is beneficial, particularly for those who are doing very little activity.” Paluch says. “More steps per day are better for your health.” 8. Why did the scientists carry out the new study? A. To know about people’s health condition. B. To explain the pedometer’s working principles. C. To determine the best physical activity for people. D. To provide a scientific guideline on daily walking. 9. What does the underlined phrase “leveled off” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Turned higher. B. Became stable. C. Fell sharply. D. Changed rapidly. 10. What does the experiment find? A. The old should walk as much as possible. B. Young people usually walk more than the old. C. The most beneficial steps differ by age groups. D. Walking pace is the key to avoiding early death. 11. What does Paluch advise people doing little activity to do? A. To walk more steps. B. To control walking speed. C. To limit walking distance. D. To track the number of steps. 【答案】8. D 9. B 10. C 11. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了一项新研究对四大洲近5万人进行了分析，确定了能够最大程度改善健康、延长寿命的每日步数，同时调查了不同年龄段的人每日最佳步数是否有所不同。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“The study represents an effort to develop an evidence-based public health message about the benefits of physical activity. The often-repeated 10,000-step-a-day saying grew out of a decades-old marketing activity for a Japanese pedometer(计步器), with no science to back it up.(这项研究代表了一项关于体育活动益处的循证公共卫生信息的开发工作。这个每天一万步经常被重复的说法源于几十年前日本计步器的营销活动，没有科学依据。)”可知，现有的观点缺乏科学依据，本项研究旨在为科学的走路步数提供证据，由此可推知本研究旨在为日常走路锻炼提供科学指导。故选D。 【9题详解】 词义猜测题。根据画线短语后面的“meaning that more steps than that provided no additional benefit for longevity”可知，多余的步数并不会增加额外的好处，由此可推知步数到达一定量之后降低死亡的风险趋于稳定，不再变化。“leveled off”意为“保持水平，保持平稳发展”，与Became stable意思相近。故选B。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“More specifically, for adults 60 and older, the risk of early death leveled off at about 6,000—8,000 steps per day, meaning that more steps than that provided no additional benefit for longevity, while for adults younger than 60, about 8, 000—10,000 steps per day.(更具体地说，对于60岁及以上的成年人来说，过早死亡的风险稳定在每天6000—8000步左右，这意味着更多的步数对寿命没有额外的好处，而对于60岁以下的成年人来说大约是每天8000—10000步。)”可推知，年龄不同，最佳效果步数也不一样。故选C。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段Paluch所说的“There’s a lot of evidence suggesting that moving even a little more is beneficial, particularly for those who are doing very little activity.(有很多证据表明，多运动一点是有益的，尤其是对那些活动很少的人来说。)”和“More steps per day are better for your health.(每天多走几步对你的健康有益。)”可知，不运动的人，增加走路步数对健康有益，因此可知Paluch建议不运动的人应该增加走路步数。故选A。 D As data and identity theft becomes more and more common, the market is growing for biometric(生物测量) technologies—like fingerprint scans—to keep others out of private e-spaces. At present, these technologies are still expensive, though. Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low-cost device(装置) that gets around this problem: a smart keyboard. This smart keyboard precisely measures the cadence(节奏) with which one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key. The keyboard could offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things like the force of a user’s typing and the time between key presses. These patterns are unique to each person. Thus, the keyboard can determine people’s identities, and by extension, whether they should be given access to the computer it’s connected to—regardless of whether someone gets the password right. It also doesn’t require a new type of technology that people aren’t already familiar with. Everybody uses a keyboard and everybody types differently. In a study describing the technology, the researchers had 100 volunteers type the word “touch” four times using the smart keyboard. Data collected from the device could be used to recognize different participants based on how they typed, with very low error rates. The researchers say that the keyboard should be pretty straightforward to commercialize and is mostly made of inexpensive, plastic-like parts. The team hopes to make it to market in the near future. 12. Why do the researchers develop the smart keyboard? A. To reduce pressure on keys. B. To improve accuracy in typing. C. To replace the password system. D. To cut the cost of e-space protection. 13. What makes the invention of the smart keyboard possible? A. Computers are much easier to operate. B. Fingerprint scanning techniques develop fast. C. Typing patterns vary from person to person. D. Data security measures are guaranteed. 14. What do the researchers expect of the smart keyboard? A. It’ll be environment-friendly. B. It’ll reach consumers soon. C. It’ll be made of plastics. D. It’ll help speed up typing. 15. Where is this text most likely from? A. A diary. B. A guidebook C. A novel. D. A magazine. 【答案】12. D 13. C 14. B 15. D 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。数据和身份盗窃变得越来越普遍，而指纹扫描等这些防盗技术仍然很昂贵的。本文介绍了一种新的防止个人身份和数据在电子空间被盗的高科技智能键盘，而且这项技术也不贵。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段的At present, these technologies are still expensive, though.和第二段的Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low-cost device that gets around this problem: a smart key board.可知，研究者们开发智能键盘是为了降低e-space保护的成本。故选D。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的The key board could offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things like the force of a user’s typing and the time between key presses. These patterns are unique to each person. Thus, the keyboard can determine people’s identities可知，用户打字的力度和按键之间的时间是不同的，这使得智能键盘能够识别人。故选C。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段的The team hopes to make it to market in the near future.可知，研究者们希望智能键盘能早日面世。故选B。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。本文介绍了一种新的防止个人身份和数据在电子空间被盗的高科技智能键盘，由此可推断本文最有可能来自于一本科学杂志。故选D。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 My name is McKenzie Skiles and I’m a snow hydrologist (水文学家) at the University of Utah in Salt Lake City. ____16____ Actually, the purpose is to track dust’s impact on water resources. I am most interested in the impact of warming temperatures on snow melting rates, and I have started studying snowmelt since 2009 in Utah and Colorado. When I skied to research sites in Utah to collect snow for my experiment, the mountainous landscapes were covered in dust. ____17____ It’s clear that 2009 was one of the biggest years for dust deposition (沉积) onto snow. ____18____ I usually have to cover several kilometers, carrying a 27-kilogramme pack with a shovel (铲子) to dig a snow hole, tools to cut snow and measure its density, and containers to collect snow for analyses. One year, I hit a dusty area of snow, broke my ski and sliced my leg open. In areas with heavy dust deposition, such as the southern Rocky Mountains, dust speeds up melting by one or two months. Warming air temperatures affect snow gathering, but dust builds up over time and darkens the surface. ____19____ I’m now exploring different ice and snow landscapes for further research. For example, how black-carbon buildup following forest fires affects melting. ____20____ As we move into a future that is likely to be even dustier, we need them to predict snowmelt for many reasons, including working out how to use water in the western United States efficiently. A. The dust caused a lot of trouble. B. I went for miles in the wilderness. C. Doing my research is no easy task. D. One of the goals is to develop snowmelt models. E. In Colorado, the red dust from desert soils had also blown in. F. As a result, the snow will absorb more sunlight and quicken melting. G. My job is to ski in the wilderness to measure dust on top of snow each spring. 【答案】16. G 17. E 18. C 19. F 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了雪水文学家McKenzie Skiles的研究工作及其意义。 【16题详解】 根据上文“My name is McKenzie Skiles and I’m a snow hydrologist (水文学家) at the University of Utah in Salt Lake City.(我叫McKenzie Skiles，是盐湖城犹他大学的雪水文学家)”以及下文“Actually, the purpose is to track dust’s impact on water resources.(实际上，目的是追踪灰尘对水资源的影响)”可知，这里介绍了自己的身份和职业并指出实际上工作的目的是追踪灰尘对水资源的影响。因此，这里需要一个句子来衔接上下文，并解释自己的工作具体是什么，与G项“My job is to ski in the wilderness to measure dust on top of snow each spring.( 我的工作是每年春天在野外滑雪，测量雪上的灰尘)”表达的含义一致，故选G项。 【17题详解】 根据上文“When I skied to research sites in Utah to collect snow for my experiment, the mountainous landscapes were covered in dust.(当我滑雪到犹他州的研究地点为我的实验收集雪时，山区景观被灰尘覆盖)”以及下文“It’s clear that 2009 was one of the biggest years for dust deposition (沉积) onto snow.( 很明显，2009年是雪上灰尘沉积最多的年份之一)”可知，这句话描述了在犹他州的研究地点滑雪收集雪样时，山区景观被灰尘覆盖的情景。接下来，需要找到一个句子，它既能与上句中的描述相联系，又能为下句提供背景或证据，E项“In Colorado, the red dust from desert soils had also blown in.(在科罗拉多州，沙漠土壤中的红色灰尘也被吹进来了)”表达的含义符合语境，故选E项。 【18题详解】 根据下文“I usually have to cover several kilometers, carrying a 27-kilogramme pack with a shovel (铲子) to dig a snow hole, tools to cut snow and measure its density, and containers to collect snow for analyses.(我通常要走几公里，带着一个27公斤重的包和一把铲子挖雪洞，带着削雪和测量雪密度的工具，带着收集雪进行分析的容器)”可知，此处表达的是作者的研究工作不是一件容易的事，与C项“Doing my research is no easy task.(做我的研究绝非易事)”表达的含义一致，故选C项。 【19题详解】 根据上文“Warming air temperatures affect snow gathering, but dust builds up over time and darkens the surface.(气温升高会影响积雪，但随着时间的推移，灰尘会堆积起来，使地表变暗)”这句话表明了两个事实：一是空气温度的升高会影响雪的积聚，二是随着时间的推移，灰尘会不断积累并使雪的表面变黑。接下来，需要找到一个合适的句子来承接这个描述，并解释灰尘使雪的表面变黑之后可能产生的后果，与F项“As a result, the snow will absorb more sunlight and quicken melting.(因此，雪会吸收更多的阳光，加速融化)”表达的含义一致，故选F项。 【20题详解】 根据上文“I’m now exploring different ice and snow landscapes for further research. For example, how black-carbon buildup following forest fires affects melting.( 我现在正在探索不同的冰雪景观，以便进一步研究。例如，森林火灾后黑碳的积累如何影响融化)”以及下文“As we move into a future that is likely to be even dustier, we need them to predict snowmelt for many reasons, including working out how to use water in the western United States efficiently(随着我们进入一个可能更加尘土飞扬的未来，我们需要他们预测融雪，原因有很多，包括研究如何有效利用美国西部的水)”可知，此处表示的是作者正在探索不同的冰雪景观以进行进一步的研究，并给出了一个具体的例子，即森林火灾后黑色碳的积累如何影响融化。接下来，作者谈到了未来可能会更加多尘的环境，并强调了预测雪融化的重要性，包括如何在美国西部有效利用水资源，在这个背景下，需要找到一个句子来连接上文中关于雪融化的研究与下文中对未来环境的预测以及水资源利用的讨论，D项“One of the goals is to develop snowmelt models.(目标之一是开发融雪模型)”表达的含义一致，故选D项。 第三部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Community ovens (烤箱) are a centuries-old tradition worldwide. There are actually records going back to the 12th century when home ovens were not ____21____. The community ovens were places where people chatted together while their food was ____22____. Fast forward to today, Brickyard Bakery has ____23____ the unique approach. It ____24____ to bake cakes for customers and provides them with a warm place to stay while their cakes, which ____25____ take four or more hours to bake, are in the oven. It’s reported that due to the increasing cost of fuel, many individuals cannot ____26____ to leave their ovens on that long. Owner Ed Hamilton-Trewhitt said, “We’ve ____27____ the idea of a community oven from ancient times. People can ____28____ their cake base (坯) at home. But ____29____ being baked in their own ovens, it can be ____30____ to our bakery for a large amount of baking.” “It struck me that if one was ____31____ about the energy costs of baking the Christmas cake, there would be lots more out there ____32____ the same situation,” he added. “In the big picture, it costs me so little but makes a huge ____33____.” The reaction to this attempt has been so ____34____ that Hamilton-Trewhitt has provided the ____35____ until right before Christmas. After all, that’s what being a good neighbor is all about. 21. A. reliable B. available C. safe D. useful 22. A. saved B. shared C. displayed D. cooked 23. A. witnessed B. suggested C. used D. advertised 24. A. offers B. fails C. declines D. happens 25. A. exactly B. hardly C. typically D. occasionally 26. A. afford B. wait C. fear D. refuse 27. A. challenged B. explained C. removed D. reintroduced 28. A. bake B. prepare C. cut D. enjoy 29. A. instead of B. regardless of C. because of D. as for 30. A. returned B. delivered C. sold D. lent 31. A. excited B. curious C. upset D. certain 32. A. opposed to B. devoted to C. satisfied with D. faced with 33. A. difference B. exchange C. decision D. development 34. A. organised B. positive C. various D. timely 35. A. food B. fuel C. recipe D. service 【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. D 【解析】 【导语】文章介绍了社区烤箱的古老传统及现代复兴。一家面包店为节省能源的顾客提供代烤蛋糕服务，既减轻负担又延续邻里温情，获积极反响，诠释了睦邻互助的美好内涵。 【21题详解】 考查形容词。句意：事实上，有记录可以追溯到12世纪，那时家用烤箱并不普及（或难以获得）。A. reliable可靠的；B. available可获得的，可用的；C. safe安全的；D. useful有用的。根据上文“Community ovens (烤箱) are a centuries-old tradition worldwide.”以及历史背景可知，12世纪时普通家庭很难拥有私人烤箱，因此社区烤箱才成为传统。 【22题详解】 考查动词。句意：社区烤箱是人们在食物烹饪时聚在一起聊天的地方。A. saved拯救；B. shared分享；C. displayed展示；D. cooked烹饪。根据常识及前文“while their food was”可知，人们去社区烤箱是为了烤食物，在食物“烹饪”的过程中聊天。 【23题详解】 考查动词。句意：快进到现代，Brickyard Bakery采用了这种独特的方法。A. witnessed目击；B. suggested建议；C. used使用，采用；D. advertised做广告。根据下文“It ________ to bake cakes for customers and provides them with a warm place to stay while their cakes, which ________ take four or more hours to bake, are in the oven. (它为顾客提供蛋糕烘烤服务，并在蛋糕（通常需要四小时或更长时间）放入烤箱时，为他们提供一个温暖的休息场所。)”描述该面包店的具体做法可知，他们“采用”了古代社区烤箱的模式。 【24题详解】 考查动词。句意：它为顾客提供蛋糕烘烤服务，并在蛋糕（通常需要四小时或更长时间）放入烤箱时，为他们提供一个温暖的休息场所。A. offers提供；B. fails失败；C. declines拒绝；D. happens发生。根据后文“to bake cakes for customers and provides them with a warm place to stay while their cakes”可知，面包店主动为顾客提供烤蛋糕和休息场所。 【25题详解】 考查副词。句意同上。A. exactly确切地；B. hardly几乎不；C. typically通常；D. occasionally偶尔。根据后文“take four or more hours to bake”可知，此处描述烤蛋糕的一般耗时情况，用“通常”最符合逻辑。 【26题详解】 考查动词。句意：据报道，由于燃料成本不断上涨，许多人负担不起让烤箱长时间开启的费用。A. afford负担得起；B. wait等待；C. fear害怕；D. refuse拒绝。根据上文“increasing cost of fuel”可知，经济压力导致人们无法“负担”长时间使用烤箱的电费或燃气费。 【27题详解】 考查动词。句意：店主 Ed Hamilton-Trewhitt 说：“我们重新引入了古代社区烤箱的理念。” A. challenged挑战；B. explained解释；C. removed移除；D. reintroduced重新引入。根据第一段提到的“centuries-old tradition”和现代面包店的做法，可知这是将古老传统“重新引入”现代生活。 【28题详解】 考查动词。句意：人们可以在家准备蛋糕胚。A. bake烘焙；B. prepare准备；C. cut切割；D. enjoy享受。根据下文“______ being baked in their own ovens”可知，在家做的是烤之前的步骤，即“准备”蛋糕胚。 【29题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：但不是在自己的烤箱里烤，而是可以送到我们的面包店进行大量烘焙。A. instead of而不是；B. regardless of不管；C. because of因为；D. as for至于。根据前文“People can ________ their cake base (坯) at home.”，其与后文构成转折/替代关系，即不在家烤，而是送到店里。 【30题详解】 考查动词。句意同上。A. returned归还；B. delivered递送；C. sold出售；D. lent借出。根据后文“to our bakery for a large amount of baking.”可知，顾客将家中准备好的蛋糕胚“递送”到面包店。 【31题详解】 考查形容词。句意：我突然意识到，如果有人对烤圣诞蛋糕的能源成本感到苦恼，那么肯定还有更多人面临同样的问题。A. excited兴奋的；B. curious好奇的；C. upset苦恼的，心烦的；D. certain确定的。根据第二段第三句“due to the increasing cost of fuel”以及后文“about the energy costs of baking the Christmas cake”可知，燃料成本上涨，人们负担不起长时间开烤箱，才需要社区烤箱的帮助。 【32题详解】 考查动词短语。句意同上。A. opposed to反对；B. devoted to致力于；C. satisfied with对……满意；D. faced with面临。根据后文“the same situation”可知，此处指其他人也“面临”同样的能源成本问题。 【33题详解】 考查名词。句意：从大局来看，这花了我很少的钱，但产生了巨大的影响。A. difference影响，差异；B. exchange交换；C. decision决定；D. development发展。根据前文“it costs me so little but”可知，前后构成转折关系，即Ed Hamilton-Trewhitt认为自己花了很少的钱，但是对他人却产生了巨大的影响；make a difference 意为“产生影响/起作用”，符合店主做公益的心态。 【34题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这一尝试得到的反响非常积极，以至于Hamilton-Trewhitt一直提供服务直到圣诞节前夕。A. organised有组织的；B. positive积极的；C. various各种各样的；D. timely及时的。根据下文“has provided the ______ until right before Christmas”可知，因为反响好，所以延长了服务时间。 【35题详解】 考查名词。句意同上。A. food食物；B. fuel燃料；C. recipe食谱；D. service服务。根据第二段第二句“It ________ to bake cakes for customers and provides them with a warm place to stay while their cakes, which ________ take four or more hours to bake, are in the oven.”可知，社区烤箱是Brickyard面包店为帮顾客烤蛋糕、提供场所等所提供的一系列“服务”。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 “Pure love, only for China.” When the host of the Harbin Ice and Snow World in Heilongjiang Province shared a heated ____36____ (argue) about the wallpaper of a lost phone to find its owner, cheers broke out among the audience, CCTV News reported. The sentence was from the diary of Chen Xiangrong, ____37____ soldier, who lost his life in a border conflict with Indian troops in June 2020. The owner of the cellphone, surnamed Xie, is a student of the Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine. She learned about Chen’s story when she was in high school. Since then, Xie ____38____ (refer) to Chen as an example. So she took the patriotic (爱国的) expression ____39____ (write) by Chen as a motto, and put together with the national flag ____40____ the background of her cellphone. ____41____ she didn’t expect was the sudden popularity of the wallpaper on the Internet, with many netizens ____42____ (ask) her to share it. “I am very happy that this resonates（共鸣) with so many people. We post-2000s generations are not a lost generation, ____43____ a generation that can contribute to the future of our country,” Xie said. “I firmly believe that through our efforts and hard work, our country will become more prosperous! We will ____44____ (true) live up to the expectations of the times, and make an effort ____45____ (create) a better future for our country!” she added. 【答案】36. argument 37. a 38. has referred 39. written 40. as 41. What 42. asking 43. but 44. truly 45. to create 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述一名大学生使用陈祥榕烈士的语录作为手机壁纸，该壁纸走红网络并引发网友共鸣的故事。 【36题详解】 考查名词。句意：据央视新闻报道，黑龙江哈尔滨冰雪大世界的主持人分享了一场为寻找失主而围绕丢失手机壁纸展开的热烈争论时，观众中爆发出欢呼声。形容词heated后面需要接名词，argue是动词，其名词形式argument意为“争论”。 【37题详解】 考查冠词。句意：这句话出自战士陈祥榕的日记，他在2020年6月与印度军队的边境冲突中牺牲。soldier为可数名词单数，空前无限定词，所以此处使用冠词，结合句意，此处表示“一名战士”，为泛指，且soldier是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词a。 【38题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：从那时起，谢同学就一直以陈祥榕为榜样。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语Since then可知，此处强调从过去持续到现在的动作，要用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has +过去分词”，主语Xie是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词为has referred。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：于是她把陈祥榕写下的这句爱国话语当作座右铭，将它和国旗一起设为手机背景。此处为非谓语动词作后置定语，write与逻辑主语expression之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词written。 【40题详解】 考查介词。句意：于是她把陈祥榕写下的这句爱国话语当作座右铭，将它和国旗一起设为手机背景。结合句意，此处表示“作为”，所以此处为介词as。 【41题详解】 考查主语从句。句意：她没有料到的是这张壁纸在网络上突然走红，许多网友请求她分享壁纸。此处引导主语从句，从句中缺少宾语，表示“……的事情”，所以用连接词what，位于句首，首字母需大写。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：她没有料到的是这张壁纸在网络上突然走红，许多网友请求她分享壁纸。此处为with复合结构，many netizens和ask之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词asking作宾补。 【43题详解】 考查并列连词。句意：我们00后不是垮掉的一代，而是能够为国家未来做贡献的一代。固定搭配not...but...意为“不是……而是……”，所以此处为but。 【44题详解】 考查副词。句意：我们将真正不负时代的期望，努力为我们的国家创造更美好的未来！此处修饰动词短语live up to，要用副词形式，true的副词是truly，意为“真正地”。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：我们将真正不负时代的期望，努力为我们的国家创造更美好的未来！固定搭配make an effort to do sth意为“努力做某事”，此处用动词不定式to create。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华。最近，美国笔友Peter发来电子邮件，说他在汉语学习中遇到了困难，感到非常着急。请给他回复一封电子邮件。内容包括： 1．同情他的处境； 2．给他提出几点建议； 3．希望他情况好转。 注意：1．词数80左右； 2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； Dear Peter, _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Peter, Learning that you are having a hard time learning Chinese, I’m writing to offer you some suggestions. To begin with, don’t worry too much about it and trust yourself. As we know, Chinese is one of the most complex languages in the world, so it’s normal for learners to find it difficult in the beginning. Second, take every opportunity to practice speaking Chinese. A proverb goes that practice makes perfect. Besides, read books and watch TV programs in Chinese and make friends with Chinese native speakers, which will provide you more chances to use Chinese. If you follow my advice, I am sure you will find pleasure in learning Chinese. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给在汉语学习中遇到困难的美国笔友Peter回复一封电子邮件，内容包括同情他的处境、给他提出几点建议同时希望他情况好转。 【详解】1.词汇积累 首先：to begin with→to start with 信任：trust→believe in 复杂的：complex→complicated 除此之外：besides→in addition 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Second, take every opportunity to practice speaking Chinese. 拓展句：Second, I hold the belief that you’d better take every opportunity to practice speaking Chinese. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Besides, read books and watch TV programs in Chinese and make friends with Chinese native speakers, which will provide you more chances to use Chinese. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】Learning that you are having a hard time learning Chinese, I’m writing to offer you some suggestions.(运用了现在分词短语作状语和that引导的宾语从句) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段， 使之构成一篇完整的短文，词数应为 150 左右。 My ten-year-old son Mike plays for the local Boys & Girls Club basketball team. Every Wednesday, he and his teammates run, do skill training, and practice playing defense (防守). Knowing that I used to be a player, he longs to show me his skills each time he hits the court (球场). His team is a mixed bag of talent. Some kids can move the ball, pass, and shoot better than others. Some are more active and want to shoot every shot. Some kids who are still learning easily give up on plays when they are disappointed by the rules. Mike has a good coach, who values sharing, teamwork, and working together. At first, I was just a supportive dad cheering from the sidelines. But slowly, I became too focused on his performance, hoping he’d play like the NBA stars I admired. During one game that my wife and I attended, I shouted from the sidelines, telling him when to pass, when to shoot, and how to stand on defense. But all my instructions only made things worse. He lost all sense of direction and didn’t know what to do. When he made a mistake, he turned to me helplessly; his face was full of confusion and disappointment. It looked like he was about to cry. I saw in his eyes that I was no longer helping — I was hurting. On the way home after the game, Mike hardly spoke to me. His silence felt louder than any words. That night, I couldn’t sleep. I told my wife that I felt so terrible about my behavior. My expectations had put unnecessary pressure on my boy. With his experienced coach on the court, Mike could have performed really well. My wife helped me calm down and see the situation differently. She also gave me tips on how to do better and how to be his cheerleader without being so hard on him. I was thankful for her kind words. The next day, I said sorry to Mike and opened an honest conversation with him. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ A few weeks later, Mike gladly invited me to watch their practice. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 The next day, I said sorry to Mike and opened an honest conversation with him. I admitted that I had put too much pressure on him with my expectations and that I had been more of a judge than a supporter. Surprisingly, he said that he understood I only wanted the best for him. He shared how much he enjoyed having me there, not to correct him, but to support him and see his progress. With this meaningful conversation, Mike’s spirits improved greatly and we understood each other better. And I realized I needed to make changes to be a better father. A few weeks later, Mike gladly invited me to watch their practice. This time, I decided to deal with it differently. I just encouraged Mike to be more confident, and cheered when he made good plays. With some active practice, he made several baskets successfully and ran to me with a big smile. For the first time, I was part of his world without pushing him — just a proud dad sharing the moment. We’ve become much more connected since the practice. I have learned that the best support is to allow your kids to enjoy sports and progress in their own way. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，主要讲述了父亲因过度关注儿子迈克的篮球表现、给予过多指令而给迈克带来压力，之后通过道歉沟通、改变支持方式，最终修复亲子关系并领悟正确育儿方式的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“第二天，我向迈克道歉，并和他进行了一次坦诚的对话。”可知，第一段可描写作者向迈克道歉并坦诚交流，迈克表示理解，还分享了自己希望作者在场支持自己，之后作者意识到要改变，父子关系得到改善。 ②由第二段首句内容“几周后，迈克高兴地邀请我去看他们的训练。”可知，第二段可描写作者这次改变方式，只鼓励迈克，迈克表现出色，父子关系更加紧密，作者也明白了支持孩子的正确方式。 2.续写线索： 道歉交流——理解分享——意识到改变——关系改善——邀请训练——改变方式——表现出色——关系紧密 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①承认：admit/acknowledge/confess ②鼓励：encourage/inspire/motivate ③欢呼：cheer/shout with joy 情绪类 ①惊讶地：surprisingly/in surprise ②自信的：confident/self-assured 【点睛】【高分句型1】I admitted that I had put too much pressure on him with my expectations and that I had been more of a judge than a supporter.（运用了that引导的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】I have learned that the best support is to allow your kids to enjoy sports and progress in their own way.（运用了that引导的宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $