山河弘毅——优秀品行与公民担当（跨地域·跨教材创新讲义）-2027届高考英语一轮复习专项

山河弘毅 ——优秀品行与公民担当（跨地域·跨教材一轮创新讲义） 第一部分 山河启航 〇、使用说明 【课时安排】建议2课时连排：第1课时过第一、二部分，第2课时完成第三、四部分，答案留课后自查。 【设计思路】以武汉抗疫逆行、长沙岳麓忠魂、天津海河卫士、南京雨花英烈、山西右玉治沙、陕西延安精神、漠河北极哨所、海南三沙海防、云南华坪女高（张桂梅）、新疆兵团垦荒10个地域的精神地标为情境线，串起人教版必修三Unit 2 Morals and Virtues、选必三Unit 4 Adversity and Courage、外研版选必四Unit 2 Lessons in Life、北师大版选必一Unit 2 Success、译林版选必三Unit 4 What is Life?五个教材单元。 【使用建议】A组当堂默写，10分钟后同桌互批；B组供尖子生选做；写作先独立完成应用文，再对照范文自评。 一、讲义定位 【课标主题】人与自我——生活与学习，优秀品行与正确人生态度；人与社会——良好的人际关系，公民义务与社会责任。 【高考考向】阅读常考人物传记、道德困境、社会责任类记叙文；语法填空常考词性转换（responsible→responsibility、contribute→contribution、virtue→virtuous）、not...but rather...并列结构、doing完成式作状语；写作常考倡议信、人物介绍、感悟类短文。 【跨教材单元链】 人教版必修三 Unit 2 Morals and Virtues——道德与美德； 人教版选必三 Unit 4 Adversity and Courage——逆境与勇气； 外研版选必四 Unit 2 Lessons in Life——人生教训； 北师大版选必一 Unit 2 Success——成功； 译林版选必三 Unit 4 What is Life?——生命是什么。 二、山河地标巡礼 1. 武汉·逆行担当（湖北） 2020年武汉封城76天，医护人员逆行而上，全城守望相助，“生命至上、举国同心”的抗疫精神写下了公民担当最生动的注脚。 2. 长沙·岳麓忠魂（湖南） 岳麓山下，黄兴、蔡锷等革命先烈长眠于此，他们为理想献身的精神让后来人反复琢磨：一个人的命，该怎样和家国的运绑在一起。 3. 天津·海河卫士（天津） 天津港爆炸事故中，消防官兵逆行冲入火海，用生命守护百姓安全，是这个时代最值得记住的一群人。 4. 南京·雨花英烈（江苏） 雨花台烈士陵园，数万先烈用鲜血浇灌信仰，他们的故事至今还在说：有些底线，比命还重。 5. 山西·右玉治沙（山西） 右玉县20任县委书记、70年接力治沙，把不毛之地变成塞上绿洲，诠释了“功成不必在我，功成必定有我”的奉献精神。 6. 陕西·延安精神（陕西） 延安窑洞灯火通明，老一辈革命家在这里自力更生、艰苦奋斗，为中国革命点亮了希望之灯。 7. 漠河·北极哨所（黑龙江） 漠河北极哨所，战士们在零下四十度的严寒中守护国境线，最北哨所升起的五星红旗，是公民责任最生动的注脚。 8. 海南·三沙海防（海南） 三沙永兴岛，渔民和官兵共同守护南海疆土，在碧海蓝天间书写着公民对国土的忠诚。 9. 云南·华坪女高（云南） 张桂梅校长扎根大山四十余年，创办全国第一所免费女子高中，帮助两千多名女孩走出大山，以病弱之躯托起大山女孩的求学梦。 10. 新疆·兵团垦荒（新疆） 新疆生产建设兵团，两代人在戈壁滩上开垦出万亩良田，把荒无人烟的西域变成了塞上江南。 三、山河名片卡 名片标签 名片内容 关联核心词 武汉抗疫 76天封城，医护逆行，全城守望，生命至上。 responsible, contribute, assist, solidarity 岳麓英烈 黄兴蔡锷长眠岳麓，为理想献身，与国家命运相连。 honour, virtue, principle, devotion 南京雨花 数万先烈用鲜血浇灌信仰，有些原则比生命更重要。 moral, integrity, principle, sacrifice 右玉治沙 20任县委70年接力，不毛之地变塞上绿洲。 persist, contribute, long-term, dedication 延安精神 窑洞灯火，自力更生，艰苦奋斗。 struggle, self-reliance, conviction, faith 漠河哨所 零下四十度守护国境，最北哨所升国旗。 guard, defend, duty, loyalty 三沙海防 渔民官兵共守南海，碧海蓝天间写忠诚。 guard, territory, loyalty, mission 华坪女高 张桂梅扎根大山，托起两千女孩走出大山。 educate, inspire, sacrifice, compassion 新疆兵团 两代人戈壁垦荒，荒滩变良田。 reclaim, cultivate, persist, pioneer 第二部分 山河雅韵 （一）核心词汇精讲 1. responsible ★★★★☆ adj. 负责的；有责任的 【常考搭配】be responsible for 对……负责；a sense of responsibility 责任感；take responsibility for 承担责任 【重点点拨】responsible是形容词，responsibility是名词；写作“责任”话题高频词。 【易错警示】be responsible for（✅）；易错：responsible to do（❌，应用responsible for doing）。 【语境例句】【话题语境·公民担当】As medical workers in Wuhan knew they were responsible for thousands of lives, they worked around the clock without hesitation, which moved the entire nation to lend a helping hand. 【当堂训练】As medical workers in Wuhan knew they were responsible ______ thousands of lives, they worked around the clock without hesitation, ______ moved the entire nation to lend a helping hand. 2. contribute ★★★★☆ v. 贡献；捐助；促成 【常考搭配】contribute to 有助于；促成；make a contribution to 对……作出贡献；contribute...to... 把……贡献给…… 【重点点拨】contribute to中to是介词，后接doing；写作“贡献”话题万能词。 【易错警示】contribute to doing（✅）；易错：contribute to do（❌）。 【语境例句】【话题语境·奉献精神】Generations of officials in Youyu County have contributed their youth to greening the barren hills, a perseverance that has transformed the desert into an oasis. 【当堂训练】Generations of officials in Youyu County have contributed their youth to ______ (green) the barren hills, a perseverance ______ ______ has transformed the desert into an oasis. 3. deserve ★★★★☆ v. 值得；应得 【常考搭配】deserve to do sth 值得做；deserve doing = deserve to be done 值得被做；deserve attention 值得关注 【重点点拨】deserve doing主动形式表被动意义；写作升华句常用。 【易错警示】deserve to be remembered（✅）；易错：deserve to remember（❌，应为被动）。 【语境例句】【话题语境·价值评价】The heroes who dedicated their lives during the Wuhan epidemic deserve to be remembered forever, a sacrifice that will inspire generations to come. 【当堂训练】The heroes who dedicated their lives during the Wuhan epidemic deserve ______ (remember) forever, a sacrifice ______ ______ will inspire generations to come. 4. honour ★★★★☆ n. 荣誉；荣幸 v. 尊敬；信守 【常考搭配】in honour of 为纪念；It is an honour to do sth 很荣幸做某事；honour one's promise 信守承诺 【重点点拨】in honour of是写作高频短语；honour作“荣誉”讲不可数。 【易错警示】in honour of（✅）；易错：in honour for（❌）。 【语境例句】【话题语境·纪念先烈】The Yuhuatai Memorial Hall was built in honour of the revolutionary martyrs who gave their lives for the country, a place where people come to pay their respects. 【当堂训练】The Yuhuatai Memorial Hall was built in honour ______ the revolutionary martyrs who gave their lives for the country, ______ ______ place where people come to pay their respects. 5. possess ★★★★☆ v. 拥有；具有；支配 【常考搭配】possess sth 拥有某物；in possession of 拥有；in the possession of 为……所拥有；take possession of 占有 【重点点拨】possession是名词形式；注意区分in possession of（主动，主语为人）和in the possession of（被动，主语为物）。 【易错警示】in possession of（✅）；易错：in possession for（❌）。 【语境例句】【话题语境·精神拥有】Zhang Guimei may possess neither wealth nor good health, but she possesses the strongest willpower, which has changed the fate of thousands of girls. 【当堂训练】Zhang Guimei may possess neither wealth nor good health, ______ ______ she possesses the strongest willpower, ______ has changed the fate of thousands of girls. 6. assist ★★★★☆ v. 帮助；协助 【常考搭配】assist sb in/with sth 帮助某人某事；assist sb to do sth 帮助某人做；with the assistance of 在……帮助下 【重点点拨】assist比help更正式，写作替换help；assistance是名词形式。 【易错警示】assist sb in doing（✅）；易错：assist sb to doing（❌）。 【语境例句】【话题语境·互助精神】Thousands of volunteers assisted medical teams in Wuhan during the lockdown, their assistance making a huge difference to the battle against the virus. 【当堂训练】Thousands of volunteers assisted medical teams in Wuhan during the lockdown, with ______ ______ (assist) making a huge difference to the battle against the virus. 7. cooperate ★★★★☆ v. 合作；协作 【常考搭配】cooperate with sb in sth 与某人合作；in cooperation with 与……合作；cooperative adj. 合作的 【重点点拨】cooperation是名词；写作“团队合作”话题高频。 【易错警示】cooperate with（✅）；易错：cooperate to（❌，应加in）。 【语境例句】【话题语境·团队协作】Only when medical teams from across the country cooperated closely with local hospitals did they finally bring the epidemic under control. 【当堂训练】Only when medical teams from across the country cooperated closely ______ local hospitals did they finally bring the epidemic under control. 8. anticipate ★★★★☆ v. 预期；预料 【常考搭配】anticipate doing sth 期待做；in anticipation of 预料到；It is anticipated that... 据预测 【重点点拨】anticipate后接动名词，不接不定式；写作“预测”话题可用。 【易错警示】anticipate doing（✅）；易错：anticipate to do（❌）。 【语境例句】【话题语境·前瞻预判】No one could have anticipated that the virus would spread so rapidly, yet the medical workers responded with courage and solidarity. 【当堂训练】No one could have anticipated ______ the virus would spread so rapidly, yet the medical workers responded with courage and solidarity. 9. reject ★★★★☆ v. 拒绝；不接受 【常考搭配】reject sth 拒绝；rejection n. 拒绝；reject a proposal 拒绝提议 【重点点拨】reject比refuse更正式，强调“断然拒绝”；写作“道德选择”话题可用。 【易错警示】reject a bribe（✅）；易错：reject to do（❌，及物动词直接加宾语）。 【语境例句】【话题语境·道德选择】When officials were offered bribes to approve projects that would damage the environment, they firmly rejected the offers, a principle that earned public respect. 【当堂训练】When officials were offered bribes to approve projects that would damage the environment, they firmly rejected ______ offers, a principle ______ earned public respect. 10. dilemma ★★★★☆ n. 进退两难的境地 【常考搭配】face a dilemma 面临困境；in a dilemma 处于困境；moral dilemma 道德困境 【重点点拨】dilemma是高考写作高频话题词；“扶不扶”类道德困境作文常用。 【易错警示】face a dilemma（✅）；易错：in dilemma（❌，应加a）。 【语境例句】【话题语境·道德困境】When an old man fell down on the street, many passers-by faced a dilemma: should they help him up, or would they be falsely accused of causing the fall? 【当堂训练】When an old man fell down on the street, many passers-by faced a dilemma: should they help him up, ______ would they be falsely accused of causing the fall? 11. principle ★★★★☆ n. 原则；原理 【常考搭配】moral principles 道德原则；in principle 原则上；stick to one's principles 坚持原则 【重点点拨】principle指“道德原则”，principal是“校长；主要的”，注意区分。 【易错警示】stick to principles（✅）；易错：principal（❌，拼写错误）。 【语境例句】【话题语境·坚守原则】The heroes in Yuhuatai stuck to their principles even under torture, never betraying their comrades or their ideals. 【当堂训练】The heroes in Yuhuatai stuck to their principles even under torture, never ______ (betray) their comrades or their ideals. 12. moral ★★★★☆ adj. 道德的 n. 道德；寓意 【常考搭配】moral values 道德观；moral responsibility 道德责任；moral support 精神支持 【重点点拨】moral作“道德的”讲修饰名词；morals是“品行”。 【易错警示】moral values（✅）；易错：morale（❌，morale是“士气”）。 【语境例句】【话题语境·道德责任】We have a moral responsibility to help those in need, not because we are forced to, but because it is the right thing to do. 【当堂训练】We have a moral responsibility ______ (help) those in need, not because we are forced to, but because it is the right thing to do. 13. virtue ★★★★☆ n. 美德；优点 【常考搭配】traditional virtues 传统美德；by virtue of 由于；virtuous adj. 有美德的 【重点点拨】virtue是写作“品德”话题核心词；Chinese traditional virtues是高考高频表达。 【易错警示】traditional virtues（✅）；易错：virtue of（✅，by virtue of短语）。 【语境例句】【话题语境·传统美德】Respecting the elderly and caring for the young are traditional Chinese virtues, values that have been passed down for thousands of years. 【当堂训练】Respecting the elderly and caring for the young are traditional Chinese ______ (virtue), values ______ have been passed down for thousands of years. 14. weaken ★★★★☆ v. （使）变弱；削弱 【常考搭配】weaken one's resolve 动摇决心；weaken the immune system 削弱免疫系统；weakness n. 弱点 【重点点拨】weaken是weak的动词形式；写作“动摇、削弱”话题可用。 【易错警示】weaken one's resolve（✅）；易错：weak（❌，形容词作动词用）。 【语境例句】【话题语境·意志坚定】No hardship could weaken the resolve of the soldiers at the Mohe border post, who stood guard through the harshest winters. 【当堂训练】No hardship could weaken the resolve of the soldiers at the Mohe border post, ______ stood guard through the harshest winters. （二）词形变化 词根 动词 名词 形容词/其他 responsible — responsibility 责任 responsible 负责的 contribute contribute 贡献 contribution 贡献 contributive 贡献的 deserve deserve 值得 deserts 应得赏罚（与沙漠同形） deserved 应得的 honour honour 尊敬 honour 荣誉 honourable 光荣的 possess possess 拥有 possession 拥有；财产 possessive 占有欲强的 assist assist 协助 assistance 协助；assistant 助手 assistant 助理的 cooperate cooperate 合作 cooperation 合作 cooperative 合作的 anticipate anticipate 预期 anticipation 预期 anticipated 预期的 reject reject 拒绝 rejection 拒绝 — dilemma — dilemma 困境 — principle — principle 原则 principal 主要的 moral — morality 道德 moral 道德的 virtue — virtue 美德 virtuous 有美德的 weak weaken 削弱 weakness 弱点 weak 弱的 sharp sharpen 削尖；增强 sharpness 敏锐 sharp 敏锐的 （三）重点语块 be responsible for 对……负责 contribute to 有助于；促成 make a contribution to 对……作出贡献 deserve to be done 值得被…… in honour of 为纪念 in possession of 拥有 assist sb in doing 帮助某人做 cooperate with 与……合作 anticipate doing 期待做 face a dilemma 面临困境 stick to one's principles 坚持原则 moral values 道德观 by virtue of 由于 weaken one's resolve 动摇决心 first aid 急救 in memory of 纪念 carry sb through 帮助某人渡过难关 make a difference 有影响 far from 远非 live life to the full 充实地生活 （四）重点句型 Hopefully, you have learnt to treat responsibility not as a weight that burdens you, but rather as a foundation which will support your future development. 【解析】not...but rather... “不是……而是……”，连接两个并列成分，表示对比。高考高频句型。 【仿写】责任不是负担，而是我们成长的基石。 Responsibility is ______ a burden, ______ ______ a foundation for our growth. Sow the seeds of success today and your harvest will be great tomorrow. 【解析】祈使句 + and + 陈述句，表示“如果……就会……”，祈使句相当于if条件句。高考高频句型。 【仿写】今天播下责任的种子，明天就会收获道德的森林。 ______ the seeds of responsibility today, ______ ______ your harvest will be a forest of virtue tomorrow. The other day I was showing the boys a chemistry experiment when, before I knew it, the mixture was bubbling out of the test tube. 【解析】be doing...when... “正在做……这时突然……”，when是并列连词。高考高频句型。 【仿写】我正在街上走，这时我看见一位老人摔倒了。 I ______ ______ (walk) down the street ______ I saw an old man fall down. It's up to us to find out what is important in our lives and establish our own values. 【解析】It's up to sb to do sth “由某人决定做某事”，it是形式主语。高考高频句型。 【仿写】如何度过一生，由我们自己决定。 ______ ______ ______ ______ us to decide how to live our lives. When I walked into the classroom, I saw him buried in reading. 【解析】see + 宾语 + 宾补，buried in是过去分词作宾补。高考高频句型。 【仿写】我看见张桂梅校长在灯下批改作业。 I saw Principal Zhang Guimei ______ (correct) homework under the lamp. （五）核心语法 本话题写作高频结构：①not...but rather...并列结构——“不是……而是……”；②祈使句 + and/or + 陈述句——表条件与结果；③be doing...when...——“正在做……这时突然……”。复习要点：①not...but...连接主语时谓语就近一致；②祈使句+and表顺承，祈使句+or表转折“否则”。 第三部分 山河品鉴（默写检测） A组 基础体验 （一）核心语块默写 1. 对……负责 ______________________________________________________________________ 2. 对……作出贡献 ______________________________________________________________________ 3. 值得被…… ______________________________________________________________________ 4. 为纪念 ______________________________________________________________________ 5. 拥有 ______________________________________________________________________ 6. 帮助某人做 ______________________________________________________________________ 7. 与……合作 ______________________________________________________________________ 8. 期待做 ______________________________________________________________________ 9. 面临困境 ______________________________________________________________________ 10. 坚持原则 ______________________________________________________________________ 11. 道德观 ______________________________________________________________________ 12. 由于 ______________________________________________________________________ 13. 动摇决心 ______________________________________________________________________ 14. 急救 ______________________________________________________________________ 15. 纪念 ______________________________________________________________________ 16. 帮助某人渡过难关 ______________________________________________________________________ 17. 有影响 ______________________________________________________________________ 18. 远非 ______________________________________________________________________ 19. 充实地生活 ______________________________________________________________________ 20. 传统美德 ______________________________________________________________________ （二）派生词默写 1. As a doctor, he has a strong sense of ______ (responsible) and always puts patients first. 2. The volunteers made great ______ (contribute) to the success of the Wuhan rescue effort. 3. Zhang Guimei is one of the most ______ (honour) teachers in China, having dedicated her life to rural education. 4. The old soldier was ______ (possess) of a quiet determination that inspired everyone around him. 5. With the ______ (assist) of local residents, the firefighters finally put out the forest fire. 6. Through close ______ (cooperate) with neighboring provinces, Hubei was able to overcome the epidemic. 7. No one could have ______ (anticipate) that the situation would improve so quickly. 8. The official ______ (reject) the bribe outright, saying he could not betray his principles. 9. When faced with a moral ______ (dilemma), we should choose the path that aligns with our values. 10. Honesty and kindness are traditional ______ (virtue) that Chinese people have cherished for millennia. 11. The long siege did not ______ (weak) the defenders' resolve; instead, it strengthened their will. 12. We should respect the ______ (moral) of others, even when we disagree with their choices. 13. The ______ (principle) reason for his success is his unwavering commitment to helping others. 14. She has an ______ (sharpen) sense of duty that makes her a natural leader. （三）单句语法填空 1. ______ (locate) at the foot of Yuelu Mountain, the Yuhuatai Memorial Hall attracts thousands of visitors every year, ______ ______ come to pay their respects to the revolutionary martyrs. 2. It will take decades ______ the memory of the 2020 Wuhan epidemic fades, ______ ______ is a period during which the spirit of solidarity will continue to inspire us. 3. Not only ______ the medical workers ______ (save) lives, but they also ______ (bring) hope to a terrified nation, ______ transformed the mood from despair to determination. 4. Had it not been for the timely assistance of volunteers from across the country, the situation in Wuhan ______ (be) far worse, ______ (make) the crisis nearly unmanageable. 5. So great ______ the admiration for Zhang Guimei ______ people from all over China donate to her school every year, ______ ______ (support) her mission of educating girls. 6. The border soldiers at Mohe are driven by a strong sense of duty ______ (guard) the frontier, ______ (endure) temperatures as low as minus 40 degrees. 7. Every time I visit the memorial, I cannot help ______ (feel) the weight of history, ______ (stare) at the names carved on the wall. 8. The volunteer program, ______ (design) to assist elderly survivors, pairs college students with seniors who need company, ______ (make) it possible for life stories to be passed down. 9. ______ (spend) three years volunteering in remote mountain villages, the young doctor returned to Tianjin, ______ had been his dream since medical school, ______ (inspire) many of his classmates to follow suit. 10. It was the compassion of ordinary people ______ ______ the nation witnessed during the Wuhan lockdown ______ gave us confidence to overcome the pandemic, ______ chapter in Chinese history that will never be forgotten. （四）完成句子 1. 无论任务多么艰巨，右玉人民都没有退缩，这就是为什么这片沙漠变成了绿洲。 ______________________________________________________________________ 2. 我站在雨花台烈士纪念碑前久久不语，而其他游客匆匆拍照离开，这一对比让我开始思考生命的价值。 ______________________________________________________________________ 3. 要不是张桂梅校长的坚持，华坪女高的两千多名女孩可能永远没有机会走出大山。 ______________________________________________________________________ 4. 衡量一个人的品行不是看他说什么，而是看他在无人看见时做什么。 ______________________________________________________________________ B组 进阶体验 ★二轮升格 （一）熟词生义 1. The mayor addressed the crowd at the memorial ceremony. (address 熟义：地址，此处意为“____”) 2. The old nurse tended to the wounded soldiers day and night. (tend 熟义：倾向，此处意为“____”) 3. She bore the burden of caring for her sick parents while working full time. (bear 熟义：熊，此处意为“____”) 4. The hospital is staffed by experienced nurses and doctors. (staff 熟义：员工，此处意为“____”) 5. He refused to compromise his principles for personal gain. (compromise 熟义：妥协，此处意为“____”) （二）一句多译 1. 右玉从一片不毛之地变成塞上绿洲，这一转变在七十年前是任何人都无法想象的。 ______________________________________________________________________ 2. 要不是张桂梅校长创办了免费女子高中，许多山区女孩可能永远没有机会上大学。 ______________________________________________________________________ 3. 漠河哨所吸引了成千上万的游客，他们之中很多人专程来看最北哨所的升旗仪式。 ______________________________________________________________________ 4. 这位医生不仅救治了病人，还建立了一套心理援助体系，使孤独的患者重新找到了生活的希望。 ______________________________________________________________________ 5. 真正的品德不是在顺境中展现的，而是在道德困境中做出的选择，这一点对每个公民都适用。 ______________________________________________________________________ 第四部分 山河抒怀（写作板块） 〇、本话题核心语法回顾 本话题写作高频结构：①not...but rather...并列结构——“不是……而是……”；②祈使句 + and + 陈述句——表条件与结果；③be doing...when...——“正在做……这时突然……”。写作用这三类结构能让句子立刻升格。 （一）词块及含义 【人物品质】responsible 负责的 / selfless 无私的 / compassionate 有同情心的 / virtuous 品德高尚的 / courageous 勇敢的 / principled 有原则的 【动作行为】come to one's assistance 援助某人 / make a contribution to 贡献 / stick to principles 坚持原则 / face a dilemma 面临困境 / carry sb through 帮人渡过难关 / make a difference 产生影响 【成果影响】uphold justice 维护正义 / uphold moral values 捍卫道德观 / leave a legacy 留下精神遗产 / inspire future generations 激励后人 / build a harmonious society 建设和谐社会 （二）拓展 very important → of great significance / play a vital role in many people → a great many people / a growing number of people because → driven by / motivated by / thanks to very good → outstanding / remarkable / extraordinary help → assist / lend a helping hand / come to one's aid contribute → make a contribution to / devote oneself to （三）句型、句式 ①Young as he was, he shouldered the responsibility for his family. ②While we cannot avoid difficulties, we can choose how to respond to them. ③It was the volunteers' compassion that rebuilt hope in the devastated city. ④Without the support of ordinary people, the rescue effort would never have succeeded. ⑤The measure of a person's character is not what he says, but what he does when no one is watching. （四）书面表达试题 【题目】假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Chris对中国人民在灾难中展现的道德力量很感兴趣。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：①推荐一处你印象最深的中国精神地标（如武汉抗疫纪念馆、南京雨花台、云南华坪女高等）；②介绍它的位置、特色与代表性意义；③邀请他有机会来参观。词数80左右。 【学生习作区】 ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ （五）高级范文 Dear Chris, Knowing you are curious about how ordinary Chinese rise to the occasion in hard times, I'd like to recommend the Huaping Girls' High School in Yunnan, where Principal Zhang Guimei has dedicated her life to educating rural girls. Nestled in the mountains of southwestern China, the school is the first free high school for girls in the country. Over the past two decades, Zhang has helped more than 2,000 girls from poor families enter college, changing not only their own lives but also the fortunes of their families. She works tirelessly despite serious health problems, driven by the belief that educating a girl means changing a family's future. Should you ever visit China, I would be delighted to show you around. Yours, Li Hua （六）范文精讲 【词的升格】I want to tell you → Learning that you are curious about..., I'd like to recommend；located in → Nestled in；has many students → helped more than 2,000 girls enter college；works very hard → works tirelessly despite serious health problems 【长难句1】Nestled in the mountains of southwestern China, the school is the first free high school for girls in the country. 结构：Nestled in...过去分词作状语；主句the school is...。 仿写：Located (坐落在黄土高原上), the village school has become a symbol of hope for local children. 【长难句2】Over the past two decades, Zhang has helped more than 2,000 girls from poor families enter college, changing not only their own lives but also the fortunes of their families. 结构：changing...现在分词作结果状语；not only...but also...并列结构。 仿写：Over the years, the volunteer teacher has helped dozens of rural children return to school, changing not only their destinies but also the outlook of their villages. 【长难句3】She works tirelessly despite serious health problems, driven by the belief that educating a girl means changing a family's future. 结构：driven by...过去分词作状语；that引导同位语从句解释belief。 仿写：The old doctor works in the remote clinic despite his age, driven by the conviction that every patient deserves quality care. （七）背诵模板 Learning that you are curious about ___(话题)___, I'd like to recommend ___(地名)___ in ___(城市)___. Nestled ___(位置)___, the site is a symbol of ___(精神内涵)___. Over the years, ___(人物/群体)___ has helped ___(人数)___ achieve ___(成就), changing not only ___(个人改变)___ but also ___(集体影响)___. Driven by the belief that ___(信念)___, they continue to inspire everyone around them. Should you ever visit, I would be delighted to show you around. Yours, Li Hua （八）读后续写微技能 【动作类】clench the fist in determination / wipe tears off the cheek / kneel before the memorial / place flowers at the names / hold hands in silence 【神态类】eyes glistening with tears / jaw trembling as the names are read / a faint smile crossing the weathered face / shoulders straightening with renewed resolve 【环境类】cold wind blowing across the memorial square / white chrysanthemums scattered on the steps / sunlight filtering through the monument / the sound of a distant bell breaking the silence （九）读后续写完成句子 1. 纪念馆里，老战士站在纪念碑前，手指轻轻抚摸着墙上战友的名字——那是他五十年前牺牲的战友，而风把白菊的花瓣吹落在他肩上。 ______________________________________________________________________ 2. 她站在华坪女高的校门口，默默屏住呼吸，把一束鲜花轻轻放在地上，整个人像被抽走了所有力气一样站在那里，嘴里念着张校长的名字。 ______________________________________________________________________ 3. 站在武汉抗疫纪念馆的照片墙前，年轻护士盯着那张穿防护服的合影久久没有挪步，手指轻轻抚摸着玻璃上战友的脸，眼眶早已湿润。 ______________________________________________________________________ 4. 他在雨花台纪念碑前踱来踱去，脑子里翻来覆去都是那些先烈的事迹，每走一步都像踩在自己的心上，而周围全是和他一样默哀的人们。 ______________________________________________________________________ 5. 听到讲解员念出父亲名字的那一刻，她疲惫的脸上露出了一丝微笑，那微笑里含着四十年的思念与自豪，连窗外那棵老槐树似乎都为她垂下了枝叶。 ______________________________________________________________________ 第五部分 山河余韵（答案与解析） 一、14个核心词汇当堂训练答案与解析 1. for; which 【解析】be responsible for“对……负责”，固定搭配；which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整件事。 2. greening; which 【解析】contribute to doing sth中to是介词，后接动名词greening；which引导非限制性定语从句。 3. to be remembered; which 【解析】deserve to be done“值得被……”，用被动式；which引导非限制性定语从句。 4. of; a 【解析】in honour of“为纪念”，固定短语；a place泛指“一个地方”。 5. but; which 【解析】but表转折“虽然……但是……”；which引导非限制性定语从句。 6. their assistance 【解析】with their assistance making...是with复合结构作伴随状语；两空分别填their和assistance（assist的名词形式）。 7. with 【解析】cooperate with sb“与某人合作”，固定搭配。 8. that 【解析】that引导宾语从句，作anticipated的宾语。 9. the; that 【解析】the offers特指前面提到的bribes；that引导定语从句修饰principle。 10. or 【解析】or连接并列选择疑问“是……还是……”。 11. betraying 【解析】never betraying现在分词作伴随状语，逻辑主语是heroes。 12. to help 【解析】have a responsibility to do sth“有责任做某事”，不定式作后置定语。 13. virtues; that 【解析】virtue“美德”，这里用复数virtues；that引导定语从句修饰values。 14. who 【解析】who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰soldiers。 二、5个重点句型仿写答案与解析 not; but; rather 【解析】not...but rather...“不是……而是……”，连接两个并列表语。 Sow; and 【解析】祈使句 + and + 陈述句，表顺承结果。 was walking; when 【解析】be doing...when...“正在做……这时突然……”，when是并列连词。 It; is; up; to 【解析】It's up to sb to do sth“由某人决定做某事”，it作形式主语。 correcting 【解析】see + 宾语 + 现在分词作宾补，表示“看见某人正在做某事”。 三、A组答案与解析 （一）语块默写：1.be responsible for 2.make a contribution to 3.deserve to be done 4.in honour of 5.in possession of 6.assist sb in doing 7.cooperate with 8.anticipate doing 9.face a dilemma 10.stick to one's principles 11.moral values 12.by virtue of 13.weaken one's resolve 14.first aid 15.in memory of 16.carry sb through 17.make a difference 18.far from 19.live life to the full 20.traditional virtues （二）派生词默写 1. responsibility sense of responsibility“责任感”，用名词。 2. contributions make contributions to“对……作出贡献”，用复数名词。 3. honourable 修饰名词teachers用形容词honourable“可敬的”。 4. possessed be possessed of“具有”，固定搭配。 5. assistance with the assistance of“在……帮助下”，用名词。 6. cooperation through close cooperation“通过密切合作”，用名词。 7. anticipated could have anticipated“本能够预料到”，过去分词。 8. rejected 叙述过去动作用一般过去时rejected。 9. dilemma moral dilemma“道德困境”，用名词。 10. virtues traditional virtues“传统美德”，用复数。 11. weaken did not后接动词原形weaken。 12. morals the morals of others“别人的道德品行”，用复数。 13. principal principal reason“主要原因”，用形容词。 14. sharpened a sharpened sense of duty“敏锐的责任感”，用过去分词作形容词。 （三）单句语法填空 1. Located; which 【解析】Located过去分词作状语；which引导非限制性定语从句。 2. before; which 【解析】It will take...before...“还要过多久才……”；which引导非限制性定语从句。 3. did; brought; which 【解析】Not only置于句首引起部分倒装，did提前；brought与saved并列过去时；which引导非限制性定语从句。 4. would have been; making 【解析】Had it not been for...= If it had not been for...，主句用would have done；making现在分词作结果状语。 5. was; that; supporting 【解析】So...that...句型，So great置于句首倒装，was提前；that引导结果状语从句；supporting现在分词作伴随状语。 6. to guard; enduring 【解析】a sense of duty to do sth“做某事的责任感”；enduring现在分词作伴随状语。 7. feeling; staring 【解析】cannot help doing sth“忍不住做某事”；staring现在分词作伴随状语。 8. designed; making 9. Having spent; which; inspiring 【解析】Having spent现在分词完成式作状语；which引导非限制性定语从句；inspiring现在分词作结果状语。 10. that/which; that; a 【解析】that/which引导定语从句修饰compassion；It was...that...强调句；a用于辅音音素开头的词前。 （四）完成句子参考 1. However hard the task was, the people of Youyu never gave up, which is why the desert has become an oasis. 【解析】however引导让步状语从句；which引导非限制性定语从句。 2. I stood in silence before the Yuhuatai memorial, while other tourists hurried past taking photos, a contrast that made me reflect on the value of life. 【解析】while表对比；现在分词taking作伴随状语；a contrast that...同位语+定语从句。 3. If it hadn't been for Principal Zhang Guimei's persistence, more than 2,000 girls from mountain villages would never have had the chance to go to college. 【解析】If it hadn't been for...虚拟语气；would have done主句。 4. The measure of a person's character is not what he says, but what he does when no one is watching. 【解析】not...but...平行结构；what引导表语从句。 四、B组答案与解析 （一）熟词生义 1. address 熟义“地址”，此处意为“向……发表演讲”，动词。 2. tend 熟义“倾向”，此处意为“照料；护理”，动词。 3. bear 熟义“熊”，此处意为“承受；承担”，动词。 4. staff 熟义“员工”，此处意为“配备人员”，动词。 5. compromise 熟义“妥协”，此处意为“放弃；妥协（原则）”，动词。 （二）一句多译参考 1. Youyu has grown from a stretch of barren land into an oasis beyond the Great Wall, a transformation that no one could have imagined seventy years ago. 2. If it hadn't been for Principal Zhang Guimei founding the free girls' high school, many rural girls would never have had the opportunity to attend college. 3. The Mohe border post attracts tens of thousands of visitors, many of whom come especially to watch the flag-raising ceremony at the northernmost outpost. 4. The doctor not only treated the patients but also established a psychological support system, enabling lonely survivors to find new hope in life. 5. True character is revealed not in prosperity but in the choices made during moral dilemmas, which applies to every citizen. 五、读后续写完成句子参考与解析 Standing before the memorial, the old veteran ran his fingers gently over his comrade's name carved on the wall—it was the friend he lost fifty years ago—and the wind blew white chrysanthemum petals onto his shoulders. 【解析】Standing现在分词作状语；破折号解释说明；and连接并列句。 Standing at the gate of Huaping Girls' High School, she held her breath and placed a bunch of flowers on the ground, then stood there as if all strength had drained from her, whispering Principal Zhang's name. 【解析】Standing现在分词作状语；as if虚拟语气；whispering现在分词作伴随状语。 Standing before the photo wall in the Wuhan anti-pandemic memorial, the young nurse stared at the group photo in protective suits for a long time, her fingers gently tracing her comrade's face through the glass, eyes already wet with tears. 【解析】Standing现在分词作状语；her fingers tracing独立主格结构；eyes already wet形容词短语作伴随状语。 Pacing up and down before the Yuhuatai monument, he kept replaying the martyrs' deeds in his mind, each step as if treading on his own heart, surrounded by people mourning in silence just like him. 【解析】Pacing现在分词作状语；as if虚拟语气；surrounded过去分词作伴随状语。 The moment she heard the guide read her father's name, a faint smile appeared on her tired face, a smile that carried forty years of longing and pride, as if even the old locust tree outside the window had lowered its branches for her. 【解析】The moment引导时间状语从句；a smile that同位语+定语从句；as if虚拟语气。 —— 山河弘毅 · 优秀品行与公民担当 —— 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $