第二部分 题型一 阅读理解 二、记叙文-【成功方案】2027年高考英语艺术生文化课总复习学生用书

Mevagissey,Cornwall Even if you haven't been to the small fishing village Mevagissey,you've probably seen it in a movie or British TV show.The working harbor (港▣)took shape in1774.Fishermen go out to sea daily and sell their fish in harbor-side markets. Don't leave the harbor without a traditional Cornish pie.It's delicious. 1.Where can you find an original copy of the Magna Carta? A.In the Ludlow Castle. B.In the Foodie Center of England. 二、记 阅读理解记叙文解题思路 1.关注细节：记叙文中有大量的事件发展过程中 的细节，包括记叙文的5W(what,who,when, where,.why)要素。因此我们作答细节题的时 候，就没有那么复杂，一般只需要由前到后，从上 到下，一题一题地做就可以了。 2.注重联系：在做题过程中，我们大都不能在文中 找到与题干一字不差的词语或句子。这时我们 需要认真研究问题，抓住题干中的关键词语，然 后到文中准确地找到与之相关的语句，或是疑似 语句的位置，接着去左顾，或右盼，在前句或后句 寻找线索。 3.读懂表象：主旨大意题或推理判断、作者意图题 等实际上是同一类型的问题，或者说是可用同种 方法解答的题型。在解答此类题目的时候，不可 被题干的表象所迷惑，要像剥洋葱一样，一层一 层地剥；在四个可选项中，一个一个地去证实，去 排除。特别是解答推论或暗指类的题目，比如 “What can be inferred from..?”或是“What 10 第二部分高考题型突破 C.In the Hereford Cathedral. D.In the Black and White House Museum. 2.What is a feature of Shrewsbury Town Center? A.It's situated near a big island. B.It's almost surrounded by water. C.It's known for its flower festival. D.It's easily accessible from London. 3.What does the author suggest visitors do in Mevagissey? A.Try the Cornish pie. B.Watch a British TV show. C.Go fishing in the sea. D.Take pictures of the harbor. 叙文 does the author imply in..?”之类的题目，文中 所陈述的往往不是答案。我们要在文前文后去 查找，在字里行间里去寻觅。有时还少不了借助 自己的生活经验和常理来体会这言外之意。 4.挖掘意义：每年的高考阅读题中，特别是记叙文 的阅读题，都会出现一至两道词义猜测题。而这 些词汇往往是你素昧平生的，或者和你有点头之 交，在文中却另有新意的，总之，猜的是那些在高 考词汇表要求之外的词汇。小小的一个词，一个 短语，考核的不是你的语法的熟练程度，也不是 你的记忆力，而是你对文章通篇或者一个段落的 整体把握和变通能力。 阅读理解记叙文解题方法 方法1猜测词义题 在阅读理解中，通常通过信息指代类的题目考 查考生对于上下文衔接关系以及文章基本结构的 把握。信息指代类题目在高考英语中有两种：名词 (短语)指代题和代词指代题。本专题我们就如何 解答名词（短语）指代题进行相关技巧的点拨。 05 艺考生文化课成功方案 1.思维导图 猜测生词含义 猜测短语含义 四个类型 猜测句子含义 猜测代词内容 猜测生 词含义 根据构词方法 根据定义解释 根据因果关系 六大技巧 根据转折关系 根据生活常识 根据语境逻辑 2.猜测技巧 ①利用释义法猜词：在说明文尤其是科技类说明 文中，作者通常会对一些关键词或专业术语进行 解释。常见的有对该词下定义或后跟同位语、定 语从句、冒号、破折号、括号等引出解释说明 部分。 ②利用构词法猜词：英语单词可以通过添加词 缀、合成或转化的方式构成新词或生成新的词 义。同学们要熟记一定数量的词根、前缀和后 缀，从而达到通过“解剖”一个单词，对一个生词 能够“望文生义”的效果。 ③利用因果关系猜词：若画线单词或短语前后句 子之间构成因果关系，那我们便可以根据这种因 果逻辑关系推知单词或短语的意义。因果关系 的语境通常由because,.so,thus,therefore,asa result of,so that,so/such.that..等标志词 体现。 ④利用对比关系猜词：运用转折对比描述事物或 现象是写作时常用的一种手法，作者常借用一些 信号词来提供相反信息，抓住这些信号词，结合 上下文意，我们就能够快速推测出词义。体现对 比关系的词语很多，常见的有but,yet,however, while,unlike,instead of,on the other hand,rather than,on the contrary等。 100 ⑤利用语境法解题：有些猜测词义句意题找不到 以上标志或线索，我们可以利用上下文提供的语 境进行合乎逻辑的综合分析，进而推测词义 句意。 ⑥利用同义关系解题：画线单词或短语前后有时 会出现与之同义或近义的词语或结构，这时我们 可从熟悉的词语中推知生词的含义。常见的表 示同义关系的词或短语有and,or,like,as well, similarly,too,also,either等。 ⑦利用生活常识解题：在仅靠分析篇章内在逻辑 关系和语境无法猜出词义时，我们可以借助生活 经验和普通常识确定词义。 3.解题思路 在语篇中有时为了避免重复提及某一个词或者 短语，常常用指代词表示，如：要求考生指出代词 it,they,one等的指代对象。指代词起连接语篇 的作用，它能体现出语篇中各句子之间的逻辑关 系。解题时需要做到： ①原文定位：返回原文，找出指代词。 ②左顾右盼：找与其最接近的名词，名词性词组 或句子(90%以上都是往前找答案)。 ③替换验证：替换该指代词，看逻辑是否通顺，范 围是否一致 方法2活动评价题 1.题型解读 ①“活动评价题”试题大多出现在记叙文最后 一题； ②属于复杂细节理解题，可能会涉及阅读材料 多处； ③常见命题形式：Which of the following best describes...? Which of the following best describes the impact of the program?(2023·新课标I卷) What did the author think of raising the tiger cubs at home?(2021·新课标Ⅱ卷) 第二部分 高考题型突破 2.解题策略 Kevin wanted to see the dictionary.I felt a 阅读理解记叙文“活动评价题”的最优处理方法： small pain in my chest.The dictionary was stolen 第一、先通读全文把握主旨，重点了解相关事件 at the end of my freshman year of college."That's 的前因后果和来龙去脉，为后续处理做铺垫。 so sad,”he said,“but you still know all those 第二、结合题干锁定原文答题区间，圈划关键词 words,even without the book."I realized that this 句，尤其是动词和形容词，注意提炼态度倾向。 was true.I still made it through the next three 第三、比对选项形容词的褒贬性，采用“排除法”， years of college,even without the book.And it 去伪存真确定答案。 wasn't,ultimately,the dictionary that got me 实战演练 there-not really. Now I understand that although my son may 一、(2026·全国I卷) be learning differently,he is still learning.It's not Not long ago,my fifth-grade son Kevin asked about the words themselves or how we learn me about the meaning of a word in a novel."Look them,but the wanting to know them,the curiosity itup,”I responded..“But my screen time is off,” and the appetite. he said.I looked pointedly at the bookshelf that 1.What does Kevin usually do to get the meaning held at least three dictionaries,and Kevin sighed of a word? (叹气)dramatically.“Can't you just use your A.Use electronic devices. phone?"he asked.Suddenly it occurred to me that B.Consult a paper dictionary. he did not even know how to use a dictionary. C.Guess from the context. I took down one of the dictionaries,and we D.Turn to his English teacher. read it together for a few minutes before I handed 2.How did Kevin feel while looking up the word in it to him.It took him a few tries to find the word in the dictionary? question.While going through the pages,he kept A.Annoyed. B.Disappointed. saying,wide-eyed:"How can there be this many C.Encouraged. D.Astonished. words?"After a while,he looked at me and asked, 3.What can we learn about the author's first “Do you know all these words,Mom?”I smiled.“I dictionary? definitely do not know all these words,I said. A.It helped her through college. "But that's why this is one of my favorite books." B.It was given to Kevin as a gift I had my first dictionary as a gift for my 13th C.It bore witness to her efforts. birthday.I decided that I wanted to learn as many D.It was a valuable limited edition. words as I could and started marking every entry I 4.What has the author come to realize about learning? looked up with a pencil to measure my progress.I A.It is never too late to start. continued to make these pencil marks for years, B.Motivation is what really matters. and when I went off to college,I packed that dic- C.Children need role models. tionary in my suitcase. D.Dictionaries are still a useful tool. 107 艺考生文化课成功方案 二、(2026·全国Ⅱ卷) Roland Reisley turned 101 years old in May and is in remarkable health.But that's not the thing he prides himself on."I am the last original client of Frank Lloyd Wright,still living in the home he designed for me,"Reisley said,sitting in the bright open living room of the home designed by the famous architect. The house where Reisley has lived for 73 years is located in the woods of Westchester Coun- ty,New York,just 30 miles north of Manhattan. It's one of 47 that make up the peaceful mid-20th century modern village of Usonia. Back in 1951,Reisley was just 26,newly mar- ried and ready to put down roots.He and his wife began looking for a place in Manhattan.But what they liked,they couldn't afford on his sound engineer's salary and what they could,they didn't like.Then they heard about Usonia.On their first trip out,they were greeted with such enthusiasm from the 10 families who'd already established homes there that they decided to join. The house has signature Wright features.It is made with local materials,has a flat roof,wood paneling,concrete floors and custom-made furni- ture.Over the decades,Reisley has opened his doors to visitors.The house is now listed on the National Register of Historic Places.Reisley said he's tried his best to be a good steward(管家)not just of the Wright creation he lives in,but all oth- ers as well.He co-founded the Frank Lloyd Wright Building Conservancy,an organization engaged in the preservation of all of Wright's remaining build- ings.Reisley believes that his devotion to the home and the community are what have kept him in such good health all of these years. 1( 1.How does Reisley feel about having Wright as his house designer? A.Honored. B.Amused. C.Stressed. D.Inspired. 2.What made Reisley finally decide to settle down in Usonia? A.Its natural environment. B.Its large-sized houses. C.The convenience of its location. D.The warmth of its residents. 3.What can we learn about Reisley's house? A.It is older than its owner. B.It uses local materials. C.It has a pointed roof. D.It is put up for sale. 4.What can be inferred about Reisley from the last paragraph? A.He is very attached to Wright buildings. B.He is devoted to health education. C.He is an expert in home decoration. D.He is passionate about tourism. 三、(2026·浙江一月卷) When you're a teacher,a big part of your job is battling student misconceptions.Often students come to the classroom believing that learning can't be fun and that what they learn isn't relevant to the real world-much less to their personal inter- ests.I've discovered that if I show students how what they learn is relevant to my hobbies,they're much more willing to make connections to their personal interests and develop their own hobbies. No matter what subject I'm teaching,I find ways to bring my hobbies into the classroom.For example,I'm a car enthusiast,so when I teach physics,I contextualize concepts with my knowl- edge about cars.If we're covering friction,for 08 第二部分 高考题型突破 example,I bring different tires(轮胎)into my 3.What was the unexpected outcome of the classroom so that my students can conduct lab ex- author's teaching method? periments with them to see how friction works in A.A higher class attendance rate. real-life applications. B.Better examination results. When I first brought my hobbies to my class- C.A closer teacher-student bond. room,I was focused on how doing so would build D.More spare time for students. engagement and help my students understand con- 4.Which of the following best describes the author cepts in science.But I quickly learned that the as a teacher? practice also helped me build stronger relationships A.Innovative. B.Humorous. with them.When I let them see an aspect of my life C.Decisive. D.Sympathetic. outside of school,some students who were also in- 四、(2026·长沙·一模) terested in cars connected with me more and be- When people ask me now why I'm not an In- came more engaged in my courses.Even those who stagram user,I usually give a general response didn't share that interest with me seemed more en- like,"I'm not really a social media person.But gaged once I showed a different side of myself. the true reasons are more complicated. What started as an experiment is now more of For a while,I quite liked this.I didn't have to a philosophy.Even when I'm planning classes,I bother cultivating a perfect profile,and could enjoy tend to think about how I can bring in my hobbies. a sense of moral superiority believing I didn't buy I find that doing so energizes my instruction,enga- into the same image-driven society as other teenag- ges my students,and demonstrates to them how ers.It's true that I appeared to care less about abstract concepts play out in the real world.Best of popularity than some of my peers-if only because all,my passion for my hobbies seems to inspire I'd always been on the outside loop.Admittedly, them to be passionate about finding their own. 1.What poses a challenge to teachers according to this may also be a reflection of my fixation on the author? something else at school:studying.My satisfaction A.Students'misunderstandings about teachers. did not come from social media likes,but from B.Students'false assumptions about learning. teacher reports and test papers. C.The irrelevance of textbooks to students'life. Yet,over time,I have also felt the negative D.The gap between teachers'and students'hob- effects of my lack of social media presence.At bies. school,as at university,it partly contributed to my 2.Why does the author bring tires into the class- status as a wallflower.Above all,it was isolating. room? Aside from a small circle of friends (fortunately, A.To teach an engineering skill. extremely good ones),I felt that people generally B.To explain the structure of a car. did not know me,or even know of me,and I didn't C.To share a real-life experience. know them.Would Instagram have helped me D.To illustrate a scientific concept. make friends more easily? 109 艺考生文化课成功方案 Overall,I have a contradictory attitude to- wards my own lack of Instagram.In some ways,I feel that it has genuinely bettered my outlook on life,enabling me to resist constant comparison with others,but,at times,I have also felt it to be an unnecessary self-imposed social exclusion.The latter may reveal how deep-rooted social media has become in our times. For better or for worse,I did take a different route.I never created a social media presence.I never posted photos.I never watched how many likes they got.Whichever path I might have gone down,there are positives and negatives to both. But this is the choice I took.And that has made all the difference. 1.What does the underlined word"wallflower"re- present in Paragraph3?(猜测词义题) A.An outsider. B.An outgoing person. C.A garden plant in spring. D.A flower growing on the wall. 2.Which may be the negative effect of using Insta- gram? A.Making one isolated. B.Causing mental diseases. C.Cultivating dependent personality. D.Causing constant comparisons with others. 3.Which may the author agree with? A.Instagram is a must in social media age. B.Social media play a vital role in our times. C.Lack of social media makes people insecure. D.Instagram improves mental and physical health. 4.Which can best describe the author?(人物性格题) A.Independent-minded. B.Old-fashioned. C.Outgoing. D.Over-confident. 11 五、(2025·全国I卷) In my ninth-grade writing class last year,I met a cowboy who saved his town,a strict father who demanded his son earn straight A's,and a modern-day Juliet who died of heartbreak after her parents rejected the love of her young life.More than once,I found myself wondering just how my students,who'd created these people,knew their subjects so well. But things were different for their first essay, which was about the question:"Why is writing im- portant?"Most of the essays filled less than one page,and few contained a sentence that could be interpreted as a thesis(论点)statement..Iwas shocked.Then I realized that the problem was the question itself.They could have written pages on the necessity of computers,but writing,in and of itself,simply didn't strike them as important.This would have to change. As a new unit started,I asked everyone to write a persuasive piece on a health-related topic of their choice.This time they found the exercise much more interesting.For the next two assign- ments,a personal-narrative unit followed by a crea- tive-writing workshop,I only required that the piece meet the specifications of its genre()and that it contain a thesis.The results were staggering. The students took on diverse topics and turned in stories,10 to 20 pages each,with characters that broadened my view and touched my heart. I walked into class believing that writing is important as a means of communication.However,my students demonstrated something more important to me.When the final bell rang in June,I walked away with a yearbook full of messages about writing's most powerful significance-the ability to connect people,to put us in another's skin,to teach us what it means to be human. 0 第二部分 高考题型突破 1.Who are the people mentioned at the beginning 3.What does the underlined word "staggering"in of paragraph 1? paragraph 3 mean? A.Ninth graders. B.Students'parents. A.Mixed. B.Amazing. C.Modern writers. D.Fictional characters. C.Similar. D.Disturbing. 2.Why did the students perform poorly in writing 4.What does the author's experience show? their first essay? A.Teaching is learning. A.They were not given enough time. B.Still waters run deep. B.They had a very limited vocabulary. C.They misunderstood the question. C.Knowledge is power. D.They had little interest in the topic. D.Practice makes perfect. 三、议论文 阅读理解议论文解题思路 推理判断时，一定要遵循逻辑规律，以事实为依 1.抓住论点主旨：阅读议论文最重要的是抓住文章 据进行合理的推理。 的论点，找到文章的论点也就把握了文章的主 4.注意干扰规律：①包含项原则：在答案选项分析 旨。一般来说，作者会在开头段落交代文章的论 中，假如对A选项的理解概括了对其他三项（或 点，因此，细读文章首段尤为重要。议论文多采 其中某一项)的理解，那么我们就说选项A与其 用“倒三角形”结构，因此“首段”和“段首”就是做 他三项是包含或概括关系，包含项A往往就是 题最大的要领，据此可以做好写作意图题、主旨 正确答案。如在“花”与“玫瑰”两选项中，正确答 大意题和标题推断题。 案肯定是“花”，花包含了玫瑰。 2.理清文章结构：议论文一般采用“总分总”的结 ②正反项原则：所谓正反项，是指两选项陈述的 构，作者先给出论点，然后从不同方面（正面，反 命题完全相矛盾。两个相互矛盾的陈述不能都 面)进行论证，最后给出总结或者自己的观点。 是假的，其中必有一真。所以，假如四选项中A、 文章中会出现较为明显的转折，递进，并列或者 B互为正反项，那我们通常先排除C、D项，正确 归纳总结等的逻辑关系词。考生在阅读时，要理 答案一般在A、B项当中。 清文章结构，找到论点的基础上进而理解作者给 ③委婉项原则：所谓委婉，这里是指说话不能说 出的论据，突破细节理解题和推理判断题 死，要留有余地。阅读理解选项中语气平和、委 3.体会语言特点：能否正确把握作者的观点和态度 婉的往往是正确答案。这些选项一般含有不十 是体现阅读能力的重要方面。一般来说，对作者 分肯定或试探性语气的表达，如：probably,pos 的总的态度和倾向，必须在通读全文，掌握了论 sibly,may,usually,might,most of,more or less, 点和论据后，方能做出判断。在判断作者观点态 relatively,be likely to,not necessary,although, 度时，我们应注意，有时候作者的观点和态度并 yet,in addition,tend to等等，而含有绝对语气的 不是明确地表达出来的，需要我们认真观察。做 表达往往不是正确答案，如：must,always,never, 1113.D细节理解题。根据Queen's English部分中的“Din ner hours:Tuesday through Thursday 5:30 p.m.-9:00 p.m.(last seating);Friday and Saturday 5:00 p.m.-9: 30 pm (last seating).Closed on Sunday and Monday. 餐营业时间：周二至周四下午5，点30分到晚上9点；周 五、周六下午5点到晚上9点30分：周日、周一歇业。)” 可知，这家餐厅只供应晚餐。 三、 【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍神秘谷的 宁静探索套餐，包括景点特色、活动安排、住宿及价格等。 l.B细节理解题。根据What to Do部分中的第二段“On the second day,you have a choice of activities.In the morning,you can embark on a guided nature walk through the meadows,learning about the different plants and animals that call the valley home.(第二天，你可以 选择不同的活动。上午，你可以参加有向导带领的自然 徒步，穿行于草地之间，了解那些以这片山谷为家的各 种动植物。)”以及下文介绍的下午和可以进行的活动和 "For those who prefer more active pursuits,there are open areas where you can play frisbee or have a picnic. (对于那些更喜欢动感活动的人来说，这里有开阔的场 地可供玩飞盘或野餐。)”可知，游客在神秘谷的第二天 可以进行自然漫步，还能在溪边玩飞盘。故选B项。 2.A细节理解题。根据表格中的“Forest Cabins,4-day stay is$350.(森林小屋，4天350美元)”以及表格上的 "A30%discount is available for students and seniors ) 生和老年人可享受30%的折扣。”可知，两名学生住4天 森林小屋的费用为350×2×(1一30%)=490美元。故 选A项。 3.C推理判断题。通读全文，文章介绍了神秘谷的旅游 套餐，包括景点特色、活动安排、住宿选择及价格等，最 后还提到“Click here to book your dream vacation(,点击 这里预订你梦想中的假期)”，由此可推知，本文最可能 来自一个旅游网站。故选C项。 四、 【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了 2018年不同交通方式的温室气体排放占比，以及飞机、汽 车等各类交通工具的未来绿色燃料路径。 l.C细节理解题。根据图表信息“ROAD VEHICLES”部 分中“ROAD(PASSENGER)45.1%(道路（客运） 45.1%)”以及“ROAD(GOODS29.4%(道路（货运）29. 4%)”可知，道路车辆总占比为45.1%十29.4%=74. 5%,即道路车辆在2018年全球交通排放中占比74.5%。 故选C项。 2.C细节理解题。根据图表信息“TRAINS一Electricity'” 部分中“Some trains are already electrified through rails or wires;others can be made electric in pretty simple ways.(一些列车已经通过轨道或电线实现了电气化；其 他火车可以通过非常简单的方式实现电动化)”可知，火 车相较其他交通方式更易实现绿色化。故选C项。 3.B细节理解题。根据最后一段中“We need to speed up the development of green energy and it will all get used,'says Wipke.(Wipke说：‘我们需要加速绿色能源 的开发，而且这些能源都会被利用起来。)”可知，Wipke 建议加大对可再生能源的投入，即加大对绿色能源的投 入。故选B项。 20 五、 【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了英国 值得一游的四个市场小镇及其特色和亮点。 l.C细节理解题。根据“Hereford,Herefordshire”部分中 "The Hereford Cathedral is the most impressive building in town.It's also home to an ancient library.One of the four original copies of the Magna Carta is displayed there.(赫里福德大教堂是镇上最令人印象深刻的建筑。 它还拥有一座古老的图书馆，《大宪章》的四份原始副本 之一便陈列于此)”可知，在赫里福德大教堂可以找到 《大宪章》的原始副本。故选C项。 2.B细节理解题。根据“Shrewsbury,Shropshire”部分中 "The River Severn has a significant turn through town, almost making an island of Shrewsbury Town Center. The shape creates a perfect market where goods could be shipped and received using the river as a highway. 河在流经小镇时出现一个明显的转弯，几乎将什鲁斯伯 里镇中心变成一座孤岛。这种地形造就了一个绝佳的 集市，在这里，人们可以借助这条河流作为运输通道来 收发货物)”可知，什鲁斯伯里镇中心几乎被水包围。故 选B项。 3.A细节理解题。根据“Mevagissey,Cornwall”部分中 "Don't leave the harbor without a traditional Cornish pie.It's delicious..(离开港口前一定要尝尝传统的康沃尔 馅饼。它很美味)”可知，作者建议游客在梅瓦吉西一定 要尝尝康沃尔馅饼。故选A项。 二、记叙文 实战演练 【语篇解读】文章主要讲述了作者回忆自己通过纸 质词典学习单词的经历，并与儿子使用电子设备查询单词 的方式形成对比，最终意识到学习的本质在于好奇心与求 知欲。 l.A细节理解题。根据第一段中“Not long ago,my fifth grade son Kevin asked me about the meaning of a word in a novel.“Look it up,”I responded.“But my screen time is off,"he said.I looked pointedly at the bookshelf that held at least three dictionaries,and Kevin sighed() dramatically."Can't you just use your phone?"he asked. (不久前，我上五年级的儿子Kevin问我一本小说里某个 词的意思。“查字典，”我回答。“但是我的屏幕使用时 间已经用完了，”他说。我刻意地看向放着至少三本字 典的书架，Kevin夸张地叹了口气。“你就不能用你的手 机查吗？”他问道。)”可知，作者提示Kevin用纸质词典查 单词，但他想用手机，说明Kevin通常使用电子设备来获 取单词的意思。 2.D细节理解题。根据第二段中“I took down one of the dictionaries,and we read it together for a few minutes be fore I handed it to him.It took him a few tries to find the word in question.While going through the pages,he kept saying,wide-eyed:"How can there be this many words?" (我取下一本字典，我们一起读了几分钟，然后我把它递 给了他。他试了好几次才找到那个词。在翻阅书页时， 他睁大眼睛不停地说：“怎么会有这么多单词？”)”可知， Kevin查字典才发现有那么多单词，他感到很惊讶。 3.C推理判断题。根据第三段“I had my first dictionary 护自己居住的赖特建筑，也守护其余所有赖特作品：他 as a gift for my 13th birthday.I decided that I wanted to 联合创立保护协会，专门留存赖特现存建筑。)”可知，赖 learn as many words as I could and started marking every 斯利深深眷恋、珍视所有赖特设计的建筑，由此推断出 entry I looked up with a pencil to measure my progress.I 赖斯利对赖特的建筑怀有深厚感情。 continued to make these pencil marks for years,and when 三、 I went off to college,I packed that dictionary in my suit- 【语篇导读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位教 case.(我的第一本字典是我13岁生日时的礼物。我决 师为打破学生对学习的错误认知，将自己的爱好融入课堂 定要尽可能多地学习单词，并开始用铅笔在我查过的每 教学的经历，介绍了该教学方式的具体实践、初衷，以及意 个词条旁做标记来衡量自己的进步。我持续做这些铅 外收获的师生关系升温的效果，最终这一做法成为其教学 笔标记多年，上大学时，我把那本字典装进了行李箱)” 理念，不仅让课堂更生动，还能启发学生找到自身的兴趣 可知，作者的第一本字典见证了她进入大学之前的整个 热情。 努力过程。 l.B细节理解题。根据第一段“When you're a teacher,a 4.B细节理解题。根据最后一段“Now I understand that big part of your job is battling student misconceptions. although my son may be learning differently,he is still Often students come to the classroom believing that learning.It's not about the words themselves or how we learning can't be fun and that what they learn isn't rele- learn them,but the wanting to know them,the curiosity vant to the real world-much less to their personal inter- and the appetite.(现在我明白了，虽然我的儿子可能以 ests(作为一名教师，工作的很大一部分是纠正学生的错 不同的方式学习，但他仍在学习。重要的不是单词本身 误认知。学生们走进教室时，往往认为学习毫无乐趣 或我们如何学习它们，而是想知道它们的欲望、好奇心 所学的知识与现实世界无关，更不用说和他们的个人兴 和求知欲)”可知，作者意识到学习的真正关键在于动机 趣相关了)”可知，教师面临的一大挑战是学生对于学习 和好奇心。 的错误设想，认为学习无趣且和现实、自身兴趣无关。 二 故选B。 【语篇解读】主要讲述百岁老人赖斯利住在赖特为 2.D细节理解题。根据第二段“T'm a car enthusiast,so 他设计的老宅中，守护建筑并投身赖特建筑保护事业的 when I teach physics,I contextualize concepts with my 故事。 knowledge about cars.If we're covering friction,for ex- L.A推理判断题。根据第一段中的“But that's not the ample,I bring different tires into my classroom so that thing he prides himself on."I am the last original client my students can conduct lab experiments with them to of Frank Lloyd Wright,still living in the home he de- see how friction works in rea-life applications(我是一名 signed for me,"Reisley said,sitting in the bright open 汽车爱好者，所以教物理时，我会用汽车相关知识为物 living room of the home designed by the famous archi- 理概念创设情境。比如讲到摩擦力时，我会把不同的轮 tect(但这并不是他引以为傲的事。赖斯利坐在这位知 胎带到教室，让学生用它们做实验，看看摩擦力在现实 名建筑师设计的房子明亮开阔的客厅里说道：“我是弗 生活中是如何起作用的)”可知，作者将轮胎带到教室， 兰克·劳埃德·赖特最后一位在世的原始业主，仍然住 是为了借助实物实验，让学生理解摩擦力这一科学概念 在他为我设计的房子里。”)”可知，莱斯利以此为荣，内 在现实中的应用，也就是阐释科学概念。故选D。 心倍感荣幸。 3.C细节理解题。根据第三段“When I first brought my 2.D细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Then they heard hobbies to my classroom,I was focused on how doing so about Usonia.On their first trip out,they were greeted would build engagement and help my students under- with such enthusiasm from the 10 families who'd already stand concepts in science.But I quickly learned that the established homes there that they decided to join.( practice also helped me build stronger relationships with 他们听说了尤索尼亚。他们第一次前去时，已经定居在 them(起初我把爱好带进课堂时，一心想着这样做能提 那里的十户人家热情地接待了他们，于是他们决定搬来 高学生的课堂参与度，帮助他们理解科学概念，但我很 定居。)”可知，当地居民的热情温暖打动了他，促使他定 快发现，这种做法还帮助我和学生建立了更紧密的关 居于尤索尼亚。 系)”可知，作者将爱好融入课堂的初衷是提升参与度 3.B细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The house has signa- 帮助学生理解概念，而意外的结果是师生之间的联系变 ture Wright features.It is made with local materials,has 得更加紧密。故选C。 a flat roof,wood paneling,concrete floors and custom 4.A推理判断题。通读全文，尤其根据作者打破传统教 made furniture,(这座房子有着赖特标志性风格，采用本 学模式，主动将自己的汽车爱好融入物理课堂，通过第 地材料建造，平顶、木镶板、水泥地面以及定制家具。)” 二段“Ifwe're covering friction,for example,I bring dif- 可知，关于莱斯利的房子，我们能了解到它使用了当地 ferent tires into my classroom so that my students can 材料。 conduct lab experiments with them to see how friction 4.A推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Reisley said he's works in rea--life applications(例如，如果我们要讨论摩 tried his best to be a good steward()not just of the 擦，我会把不同的轮胎带到教室里，这样我的学生就可 Wright creation he lives in,but all others as well.He co- 以用它们进行实验室实验，看看摩擦在现实生活中是如 founded the Frank Lloyd Wright Building Conservancy, 何工作的)”和最后一段“What started as an experiment an organization engaged in the preservation of all of is now more of a philosophy.Even when I'm planning Wright's remaining buildings.(赖斯利说他尽力好好守 classes,I tend to think about how I can bring in my hob- 268 bies.I find that doing so energizes my instruction,enga- 五 ges my students,and demonstrates to them how abstract 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了 concepts play out in the real world.Best of all,my pas- 作者作为一名写作课老师，通过教学实践逐渐认识到学生 sion for my hobbies seems to inspire them to be passion- 写作动力的来源以及写作真正意义的成长故事。 ate about finding their own.(最初的尝试如今已演变成 l.D细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“In my ninth-grade 一种教学理念。即使在备课的时候，我也会思考如何把 writing class last year,I met a cowboy who saved his 爱好融入教学。我发现这样做能让我的课堂更有活力， town,a strict father who demanded his son earn straight 吸引学生的注意力，并向他们展示抽象概念在现实世界 A's,and a modern-day Juliet who died of heartbreak after 中的具体体现。最重要的是，我对爱好的热情似乎能激 her parents rejected the love of her young life.More than 励他们满怀热情地去寻找属于自己的兴趣所在)”可知， once,I found myself wondering just how my students, 作者作为教师，敢于创新教学方式，打破学生对学习的 who'd created these people,knew their subjects so well. 固有认知，是富有创新精神的。故选A。 (去年，在我九年级的写作课上，我结识了一位拯救了自 四 己小镇的牛仔，一位要求儿子门门功课全得A的严厉父 【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者没 亲，还有一位在父母拒绝其年少挚爱后心碎而逝的现代 有使用社交媒体Instagram,并分析了其原因。 版的朱丽叶。不止一次，我暗自琢磨，这些塑造了这些 L.A词句猜测题。根据第三段中“At school,,as at univer- 人物的学生，究竟是如何如此深谙他们笔下的角色 sity,it partly contributed to my status as a wallflower.A- 的。)”可知，这里提到的牛仔、严厉的父亲和现代版的朱 bove all,it was isolating.Aside from a small circle of 丽叶都是学生在写作中创造出来的虚构人物。故选D。 friends(fortunately,extremely good ones),I felt that 2.D推理判断题。根据文章第二段中“Most of the essays people generally did not know me,or even know of me, filled less than one page,and few contained a sentence and I didn't know them..(在中学，就像在大学一样，这在 that could be interpreted as a thesis(论，点)statement..I 一定程度上促成了我作为wallflower的地位。最重要的 was shocked.Then I realized that the problem was the 是，这是一种孤立。除了一小群朋友（幸运的是，非常好 question itself.They could have written pages on the 的朋友)，我觉得人们一般都不认识我，甚至不知道我， necessity of computers,but writing,in and of itself,sim- 我也不认识他们)”可知，作者因没有使用Instagram等 ply didn't strike them as important.(大多数文章篇幅不 社交媒体，在学校处于一种孤立的状态，人们不了解他， 足一页，几乎没有包含可被视为论点的句子。我感到震 惊。随后我意识到问题出在题目本身。他们本可以就 他也不了解别人。由此可推知，“wallflower'”在这里指的 电脑的必要性写下数页内容，但写作本身根本没让他们 是像局外人一样的人。故选A项。 觉得重要。)”可推知，学生们在写第一篇作文时表现不 2.A推理判断题。根据第四段中“In some ways,I feel 佳，是因为他们对写作这个话题本身不感兴趣。故选D。 that it has genuinely bettered my outlook on life,enabling 3.B词句猜测题。根据文章第三段中画线词下文“The me to resist constant comparison with others(在某些方 students took on diverse topics and turned in stories, 面，我觉得它确实改善了我的人生观，使我能够抵制不断 与他人比较)”可知，作者认为没有使用Instagram等社交 10 to 20 pages each,with characters that broadened my view and touched my heart.(学生们选取了多样的主题， 媒体使自己能够抵制与他人不断的比较，由此可推断使 交上来的故事每篇都有10到20页长，其中的人物拓宽 用Instagram可能会导致与他人不断比较。故选D项。 了我的视野，也触动了我的心。)”可推知，此处指学生们 3.B推理判断题。根据第四段中“The latter may reveal 写出了内容丰富、打动人心的故事，与之前的表现形成 how deep-rooted social media has become in our times. 强烈对比。画线词“staggering”意为“令人惊叹的、惊人 (后者可能揭示了社交媒体在我们这个时代已经变得多 的”，与B选项“Amazing(惊人的)”语义一致。故选B。 么根深蒂固)”可知，作者认为社交媒体在当今时代已经 4.A推理判断题。通读全文，再根据文章最后一段中“I 根深蒂固，这表明作者认同社交媒体在我们这个时代发 walked into class believing that writing is important as a 挥着重要作用。故选B项。 means of communication.However,my students demon- 4.A推理判断题。通读全文以及最后一段“For better or strated something more important to me.When the final for worse,I did take a different route.I never created a bell rang in June,I walked away with a yearbook full of mes- social media presence.I never posted photos.I never sages about writing's most powerful significance the a- watched how many likes they got.Whichever path I bility to connect people,to put us in another's skin,to might have gone down,there are positives and negatives teach us what it means to be human..(我走进教室时坚信 to both.But this is the choice I took.And that has made 写作作为一种交流方式至关重要。然而，学生们向我展 all the difference..(不管是好是坏，我确实选择了一条不 示了更为重要的东西。当六月的下课铃响起时，我带着 同的路线。我从来没有创建过社交媒体。我从来没有发 一本满是留言的年鉴离开—这些留言诉说着写作最 过照片。我从来没看过有多少人点赞。无论我走哪条 强大的意义：它能连接人与人，让我们换位思考，教会我 路，都有积极和消极的一面。但这是我的选择。这让一 们身为人类的真谛。)”结合全文内容可知，文章通过作 切都不同了)”可知，作者能够在大家普遍使用社交媒体的 者的教学经历，说明她在教导学生的同时，自己也领悟 时代，根据自己的思考和感受，坚持不使用Instagram,有 到写作的真正意义，这一过程体现了“教学相长”的理 自己独立的判断和想法，所以“independent-minded(有独 念。选项A“Teaching is learning(教学相长)”符合文中 立思想的)”能最好地描述作者。故选A项。 描述的作者通过教学获得的新认识。故选A。 269 三、议论文 安全性，但交通研究也表明行人的流动性下降，尤其是年 轻儿童。许多家长说，路上的交通太拥挤，他们的孩子无 实战演练 法安全步行上学，所以他们把孩子塞进车里。)”可知，作者 【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。主要探讨了人工 指出的现象是人们步行减少、开车增多。故选C。 智能(AID是否会取代人类工作这一问题，分析了人们对AI 2.A推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Most famously,.a Canadian journalist who had moved her family to Man- 的不同看法，强调了人类对AI发展的主导作用以及应对 AI时代的正确态度。 hattan in the early 1950s led a campaign to stop the l.B细节理解题。根据第二段中“But given the fact that destruction of her local park.Describing her alarm at its proposed replacement with an expressway,Jane Jacobs technology is the product of human civilization,the chal- called on her mayor(市长)to champion‘New York as a lenge from Al is something we have created for ourselves decent place to live,and not just rush through.’(最著名 as we keep pushing our own boundaries.In other words, 的是，一位加拿大记者在20世纪50年代初举家迁往曼 Al's progress,functions and future direction are all de- 哈顿，她领导了一场阻止当地公园被毁的运动。在描述 termined by the human brain.(但考虑到技术是人类文明 她对用高速公路取代公园的提议感到震惊时，Jane Ja- 的产物，人工智能带来的挑战是我们自己在不断突破自 cobs呼吁她的市长捍卫‘纽约作为适宜居住的地方，而 身界限时创造的。换句话说，人工智能的进步、功能和 不仅是匆匆穿过的通道’。)”可推知，加拿大记者和其他 未来方向都是由人类大脑决定的。)”可知，作者认为人 运动参与者旨在保持城市宜居性。故选A。 工智能的未来取决于人类的创新。故选B项。 3.B推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Although these 2.C细节理解题。根据第三段中“More importantly, campaigns were widespread,the reality is that the related laws and regulations must ensure that AI will majority of the western cities were completely redesigned benefit society and prevent it from threatening human around the needs of the motor car.The number of cars on ife.(更重要的是，相关法律法规必须确保人工智能造福 roads has been increasing rapidly.(尽管这些运动很普 社会，防止其威胁人类生命。)”以及“Without legal re- 遍，但现实是大多数西方城市完全围绕汽车需求重新设 strictions,AI may become a social disaster..(没有法律限 计。道路上的汽车数量一直在迅速增加。)”可推知，20 制，人工智能可能会成为一场社会灾难。)”可知，我们可 世纪60年代末和70年代澳大利亚的竞选活动未能阻止 以通过制定法律限制（设置约束）来防止人工智能的潜 汽车发展，基本上没有效果。故选B。 在威胁。故选C项。 4.A主旨大意题。通读全文，并根据文章最后一段“We 3.B词句猜测题。根据划线词后一句“This,like previous invest a lot in roads that help us rush through,but we fail ones,which introduced changes that had been unimaginable to account for the true costs.Do we really recognise what before,will certainly affect human employment.(和之前的工 it costs us as a society when children can't move safely a- 业革命一样，这将肯定会影响人类就业，之前的工业革命带 round our communities？(我们在帮助我们快速通过的 来了以前难以想象的变化。)”可知，人工智能驱动的新工业 道路上投入了大量资金，但我们没有考虑到真正的成 革命和之前的工业革命一样，是不可避免的，且会影响人类 本。我们真的认识到当孩子们不能在我们的社区安全 就业。由此可推知，划线单词irreversible意为“不可避免 地移动时，我们作为一个社会将会付出什么代价吗？)” 的”，与Unavoidable意思相近。故选B项。 可推知，本文批判城市过度追求交通效率、忽视行人需 4.A推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Therefore,.it's 求的现象，A项“Why the Rush?(为何匆匆？)”质问 unnecessary to worry AI will replace our jobs.While “rush through(匆匆通行)”的规划理念，契合主旨，最适 technology advances at a rapid pace,what we need to do 合作为本文标题。故选A。 is to welcome the Al era rather than block its unfolding 三、 for fear of the unknown.(因此，没有必要担心人工智能 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一 会取代我们的工作。虽然技术进步迅速，但我们需要做 项关于减少自来水中微塑料污染的新研究。微塑料污染已 的是欢迎人工智能时代的到来，而不是因为害怕未知而 遍及全球，甚至进入人体。中国研究人员发现，将自来水煮 阻止它的发展。)”可推知，作者建议读者积极应对人工 沸五分钟并冷却后过滤可能会显著降低自来水中的微塑料 智能时代的到来。故选A项。 含量。研究虽未涵盖所有塑料类型和化学物质，但揭示了 一种潜在解决方案。苏格兰环境工程师指出，该研究展示 【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了 了煮沸法的有效性，并建议升级饮用水处理厂以推广应用。 西方城市过度围绕汽车设计导致行人流动性下降，尤其是 l.C推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“Microplastics have 儿童步行减少的现象，并通过历史案例和现状分析呼吁反 become a common source of pollution across the Earth 思街道功能，重视城市宜居性。 they have settled in the deep sea and on the Himalayas, L.C细节理解题。根据文章第一段“While safety im stuck inside volcanic rocks,filled the stomachs of sea- provements might have been made to our streets in recent birds and even fallen in fresh Antarctic snow.They are years,transport studies also show declines in pedestrian even appearing inside humans.(微塑料已经成为地球上 (mobility,especially among young children.Many 常见的污染源一它们出现在在深海和喜马拉雅山上， parents say there's too much traffic on the roads for their 被困在火山岩中，填满海鸟的胃，甚至落在南极的新雪 children to walk safely to school,so they pack them into 中。它们甚至出现了在人类体内。)”可推知，作者通过 the car instead..(虽然近年来我们的街道可能已经改善了 举例提出微塑料污染的问题。故选C。 270