专题02 必修一Units 3～4 重难点串讲（期中复习课件）高一英语上学期外研版

外研版 · 英语 ·必修第一册 期中复习考点串讲 · Units 3—4 1 2 外研版·英语·必修第一册 3 期中考情透视 Compulsory Book1 · Units 3—4 ≪ 语法与词汇 Unit 3：家庭生活；时态。 Unit 4：朋友与友谊；定语从句。 阅读理解 聚焦两单元 Understanding ideas与Developing ideas四篇主课文；训练主旨归纳、细节定位、态度推断。 写作与表达 结合家庭生活、交友等话题，结合本单元词汇积累进行写作。 题型说明 重点训练10空语篇语法填空、语法选择、句型转换、词形转换和短文写作；具体分值以学校考试为准。 4 外研版·英语·必修第一册 5 复习目标锚定 ≪ 01 语言知识 准确识记本册 Unit 3–4 重点词汇、词形变化及固定搭配。 掌握时态与定语从句。 02 语言能力 能从时态标志与动作先后关系判断谓语形式，完成10空语法填空。 能概括四篇重点课文的核心观点，并完成话题写作。 03 文化意识与情感态度 理解“家庭生活”“朋友与交友”等主题内涵。 形成语言学习意识，发展高中自我成长与自我管理能力。 Compulsory Book1 · Units 3—4 6 外研版·英语·必修第一册 7 知识体系构建 ≪ Compulsory Book1 · Units 3—4 8 知识体系构建 ≪ Compulsory Book1 · Units 3—4 9 知识体系构建 ≪ Compulsory Book1 · Units 3—4 10 知识体系构建 ≪ Compulsory Book1 · Units 3—4 关系词 人 whom that which whose where when why 从句句子 成分不完整 从句句子 成分完整 who 物 关系代词 关系副词 表示方式的疑问副词 指代名词或代词的词 地点 时间 原因 11 外研版·英语·必修第一册 12 核心语法精讲 Compulsory Book 1 · Units 3—4 ≪ Tenses 时态 含义 结构 标志词 一般现在时 经常 / 反复发生的动作，客观真理，时间 / 时刻表 do/does often, usually, always, every..., sometimes... 一般过去时 过去的动作 / 状态，过去的事实 did ago, once, just now, the other day, yesterday, last week, in 2007, then, previously, originally... 13 核心语法精讲 Compulsory Book 1 · Units 3—4 ≪ 时态 含义 结构 标志词 一般将来时 将来 / 计划 / 安排的事情 will do be going to do tomorrow, next..., soon, sooner or later, in＋一段时间... 现在进行时 现在 / 现阶段正在进行的动作 am/is/are doing now, right now, listen, look, at this time... 现在完成时 过去发生，对现在有影响 have/has done since (then), for＋一段时间，recently/lately, in recent years, in the past/last few days/weeks/years, so far, up to now, by now, until now... 14 核心语法精讲 Compulsory Book 1 · Units 3—4 ≪ 现在进行时（be doing）表将来 现在进行时（be doing）表示计划安排好要采取的行动或要做的事情。常与表将来的时间状语连用，如this weekend, tomorrow 等。 e.g. What are you doing for the National Day holiday? 你国庆假期打算做什么？ 一些表示位移的动词可以用现在进行时表将来，如：动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, return, take off, fly等。 e.g. Mary is leaving for Beijing on Friday.玛丽星期五要动身去北京。 The train is coming soon. 火车马上就要来了。 15 核心语法精讲 Compulsory Book 1 · Units 3—4 ≪ 什么是定语从句？ 一、基本概念 具体内容 说明与示例 易错点与考点提示 1. 定义： 在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句。 2. 先行词： 被定语从句修饰的词。 3. 关系词： 引导定语从句的词，代替先行词，在从句中充当成分。 The book that you lent me is fantastic. （先行词：book；关系词：that；从句：you lent me） 分清主句和从句。关系词代替先行词，在从句中必有成分。 16 核心语法精讲 Compulsory Book 1 · Units 3—4 ≪ 二、关系代词 具体内容 说明与示例 指人 who: 作主语或宾语 The man who is speaking is my boss. whom: 作宾语 The girl whom I met is from Paris. that: 作主语或宾语 The man that is speaking is my brother. whose: 作定语 The student whose father is a doctor works hard. 指物 which: 作主语或宾语 The house which was built last year sold well. that: 作主语或宾语 The book that I bought is expensive. whose/of which: 作定语 The room whose window is broken is mine. （= the window of which） 17 核心语法精讲 Compulsory Book 1 · Units 3—4 ≪ 定语从句关系词的选择 选择三步法： 找先行词：是人还是物？ 看从句成分：关系词在定语从句中充当什么成分？(主语、宾语、定语) 查特殊情况：是否属于必须用that的情况？ 先行词 主语 宾语 定语 人 who / that whom / who / that (可省略) whose 物 which / that which / that (可省略) whose / of which 特殊情况 必须用 that 的情况： ① 序数词/最高级修饰时 ② 不定代词时 ③ 先行词既有人又有物时 18 核心语法精讲 Compulsory Book 1 · Units 3—4 ≪ 考点一：关系代词that高频用法归纳 1.that用作关系代词，指人或物；在句中作主语、宾语，有时作表语。 He is no longer the man _________he was five years ago. 2.先行词既为人又为物时，只用that不用which。 John told his parents about the cities and the people _________ he had visited. 3.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时，只用that不用which。 The first English novel __________ I read was Gone With Wind. 4.先行词是all, much, little, everything, nothing, anything等不定代词时，只用that不用which。 I refuse to accept the blame for something _____ was someone else’s fault. 5.先行词被the only, very, little, all等修饰时，只用that不用which。 He is the only man __________ I can find for the work. 6.that用作关系副词，作方式状语（that相当于in which，可以省略），先行词是the way。 I don’t like the way _______you speak to her. that that that that that that 19 核心语法精讲 Compulsory Book 1 · Units 3—4 ≪ 考点二：关系代词which高频用法归纳 1.which用作关系代词，指物；在句中作主语、宾语 On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth ________ gives off light in the dark. 2.which引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是整个主句或主句一部分，前边有逗号为标志，that不能。 She and her family bicycle to work, _________ helps them keep fit. 3.which用于“介词+关系代词”结构，先行词指物，如in which, both of which等。 Many lessons are now available online, from __________ students can choose for free. 考点三：关系代词whose高频用法归纳 1.whose用作关系代词，在定语从句中作定语，先行词指人或物。 Kae, _________sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia. 2.whose+名词=the +名词+of whom/which=of whom/which+ the +名词。 In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of _______ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation. that/which which which whose whose 20 核心语法精讲 Compulsory Book 1 · Units 3—4 ≪ Los Angeles is such an attractive place _______everyone likes to visit. 2.as用作关系代词，引导非限制性定语从句，位于主句的前、中、后，强调前后逻辑一致，表示“正如……”，从句多含有see, know, expect, tell, report等动词。 _________ is often the case with Jim, he was fined for speeding. 考点五：关系代词who和whom高频用法归纳 1.关系代词who在定语从句作主语，先行词指人。 They were well trained by their masters ________ had great experience with caring for these animals. 2.关系代词whom在定语从句作宾语，先行词指人，可以省略。whom可以用于“介词+关系代词”结构，先行词指人，如from whom, by whom等。 The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of ______ left their village homes for a better life in the city. as As who whom 考点四：关系代词as高频用法归纳 1.as用作关系代词，引导限制性定语从句，作从句的主语、宾语，用于such…as…, so…as…, the same…as…句型。 21 核心语法精讲 Compulsory Book 1 · Units 3—4 ≪ 关系副词引导的定语从句 先行词 关系副词 在从句中的作用 与“介词＋关系代词”的关系 表时间的名词：time, day, year等。 when 作时间状语 ＝at/in/on/ during which 表场所的名词：park, place, country, house等。 where 作地点状语 ＝in/at/to/on which 表原因的名词：the reason。 why 作原因状语 ＝for which 22 核心语法精讲 Compulsory Book 1 · Units 3—4 ≪ 1. 当先行词为一些表示抽象地点的名词，如point, situation, case, stage等时，如果引导词在从句中作状语，常用关系副词where引导定语从句。 2. 先行词occasion意为“时机”时，用关系副词when；意为“场合”时，用关系副词where。 3. 当先行词way意为“方法、方式”，且在从句中作状语时，可用that, in which或省略关系词这三种形式。 23 核心语法精讲 Compulsory Book 1 · Units 3—4 ≪ 介词＋关系代词引导的定语从句 “介词+关系代词”结构既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。在此结构中，关系代词只能用which(指物)或whom(指人)，即“介词+which/whom”，并且不能省略。 If you have anything on which you want my opinions, feel free to see me. I took a photo of the students, among whom was seated a teacher. 一、关系代词的确定 24 核心语法精讲 Compulsory Book 1 · Units 3—4 ≪ 二、关系代词前介词选择的原则 “介词+关系代词(which/whom)”中介词的选择要遵循“一先、二动、三意义”的原则。 “一先”，即根据先行词和介词的习惯搭配来确定介词。 The factory in which I’m working mainly produces computers. 我工作所在的工厂主要生产电脑。 (in which代替 in the factory,“在工厂里”用介词in) 熟记原则，提高做题准确率。 25 核心语法精讲 Compulsory Book 1 · Units 3—4 ≪ “二动”，即根据定语从句中的谓语动词或形容词与介词的习惯搭配来确定介词。 In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person _________she could turn for help. 在漆黑的街道上，她没有一个人可以求助。 “三意义”，即根据定语从句的意义来确定介词。 In the office, I never seem to have time until after 5:30 p.m, __________ time many people have gone home. 在办公室里，我要到下午5:30之后才能有点空闲，到那时，许多人已经回家了。 to whom 代替 to a person turn to sb. for help“向某人求助” to whom by which 26 核心语法精讲 Compulsory Book 1 · Units 3—4 ≪ 介词若与从句中的动词词组有关，可置于关系代词前，也可置于动词后，但若此介词与动词为固定词组，则此介词一般不前置。 Yesterday we paid a visit to the house in which Lu Xun once lived. Yesterday we paid a visit to the house which Lu Xun once lived in. This is the very pen that I’m looking for. 介词的位置 27 核心语法精讲 Compulsory Book 1 · Units 3—4 ≪ “三、介词+关系代词”的几种常见结构 1.“介词+which”在定语从句中，可作时间、地点和原因状语，代替相应的关系副词when，where和why。 I’ll never forget the days _________ (=when) we studied together. 我永远忘不了我们一起学习的日子。 2.“代词/数词+of+which/whom”引导定语从句 这个结构中，代词常常为 all，each，one，many，much，most， some，none，both等，“代词+of+which/whom”通常在定语从句中作主语，说明整体中的一部分。有时候也可把“of+which/whom”置于代词或数词前。 on which 28 核心语法精讲 Compulsory Book 1 · Units 3—4 ≪ 3.“the十名词+of which/whom”引导定语从句 这个结构中，of which/whom 充当定语，修饰前面的名词，整个结构相当于“whose十名词”引导的定语从句。 e.g I saw some trees, ______________ (=whose leaves) were yellow with disease. 我看见一些树，它们的叶子因害病而发黄。 the leaves of which 29 核心语法精讲 Compulsory Book 1 · Units 3—4 ≪ 1.The book ____________ is on the desk is mine. 2.The boy ____________ mother is a doctor is my friend. 3. This is the house ________ I lived two years ago. 4.This is the best movie ____________ I have ever seen. 5. We reached a point ________ both sides had to compromise. 6. The scientist, ____________ we have learned a lot, will give a lecture. where where from whom which/that whose that 让我们来检测一下学习成果吧！ 30 核心词汇精讲 Compulsory Book 1 · Units 3—4 ≪ UNIT 3　Family matters 1.approach vi. & vt.走近;靠近　vt.接近;接洽;对付　n.方法;途径;接近→approachable adj.可接近的;和蔼可亲的;易理解的 2.focus v. (把……)集中(于);(使)调节焦距　n.中心点;焦点→focused adj.注意力集中的;目标明确的→ unfocus(s)ed adj.无焦点的;目光分散的;目的不明确的 3.lawyer n.律师→law n.法律→lawful adj.法定的;合法的 4.assume v.假定,假设,认为→assumption n.假设→assuming conj.假如 5.respect n. & vt.尊敬;敬重　vt.遵守　n.方面,细节→respectful adj.有礼貌的;尊重别人的→respected adj.受人尊重的→respectable adj.体面的;得体的;值得尊敬的 6.ignore vt.忽视,不理→ignorant adj.无知的;愚昧的→ignorance n.无知;愚昧 7.professional adj.职业的,专业的→profession n.职业;专业 8.suit vt.适合;满足……需要;相配;合身　n.西服;套装→suitable adj.合适的;适合的→suitably adv.适合地→suited adj.合适;适宜;适当,般配的 9.talent n.天赋,才能→talented adj.有天赋的;有才能的 10.option n.选择,可选择的东西→optional adj.可选择的;选修的 11.currently adv.现时;当前→current adj.现在的 12.regularly adv.经常→regular adj.定期的;有规律的→ irregular adj.无规律的;不整齐的;不规则的 13.responsible adj. (对事故、错误、罪行等)负有责任的,应承担责任的→responsibly adv.认真负责地→responsibility n.责任→ irresponsible adj.不负责任的 14.character n. (书、剧本、电影等中的)人物,角色;文字;符号;品质;特点→characterize/-ise vt.描述,刻画;是……的特征→characteristic adj.典型的;独特的;特有的n.特征;特点;品质 15.generation n.一代(人)→generational adj.一代的;代与代之间的 31 核心词汇精讲 Compulsory Book 1 · Units 3—4 ≪ 16.chat n.闲谈,聊天→chatty adj.爱闲聊的→chatted/chatted/chatting (过去式/过去分词/现在分词) 17.memory n.记忆,回忆→memorize v.记住;记忆→memorable adj.难忘的;值得记忆的 18.skin n.皮肤　 vt.剥皮;扒皮;削皮→skinny adj.干瘦的;皮包骨的;紧身的 19.jogging n.慢跑锻炼→jog vi.慢跑→jogged/jogged (过去式/过去分词)→jogger n.慢跑锻炼者 20.slim adj.苗条的;修长的　 (机会/可能性)微小的vi.变苗条,减肥→(比较级)slimmer→(最高级)slimmest→slimming n.减肥;减轻体重 21.nation n.国家→national adj.国家的;国民的;国有的→nationality n.国籍;民族 22.aim vt. & vi.力求达到;瞄准vt.目的是;旨在n.目的;目标;瞄准→aimless adj.漫无目的的→aimlessly adv.漫无目的地;无目标地 23.theme n.主题→themed adj.特定主题的;特定历史时期的 24.observe vt.庆祝,过(节日、生日等);观察(到);注意;遵守　说话;评论→observation n.观察;监视;评论→observer n.观察者;观测者;目击者→observance n.遵守;(节日的)纪念 25.range n.一系列;范围,界限　山脉vi.包括;(在一定范围内)变化→ranger n.护林人;园林管理员 26.event n.活动(指演出、体育比赛、聚会等);重要事情,大事→eventful adj.多变故的;充满大事的→ uneventful adj.平淡的;平静的 27.apologise vi.道歉;谢罪→apology n.道歉;谢罪→apologetic adj.道歉的;谢罪的;愧疚的→apologetically adv.抱歉地 28.stress n.重音,重读;压力;紧张　vt.强调;重读;使焦虑不安　vi.焦虑不安→stressed adj.焦虑的;重读的;受压的→stressful adj.压力重的;紧张的 29.impact n.作用,影响→impactful adj.有重大影响(或效果)的 30.strength n.强烈程度,力量,体力→strengthen vt.加强,巩固→strong adj.强大的,强壮的;强烈的→strongly adv.强烈地 32 核心词汇精讲 Compulsory Book 1 · Units 3—4 ≪ 31.admire vt.钦佩,赞美,羡慕→admiration n.钦佩;赞美;羡慕→admirable adj.可钦佩的;值得赞赏的;令人羡慕的→admiring adj.钦佩的→admirer n.仰慕者 32.judge v.认为,判断;评价;评判　n.法官;审判员;裁判员→judg(e)ment n.判断;辨别力 33.settle v.和解,结束(争论);定居→settlement n.解决;居民点→settler n.定居者;殖民者→settled adj.稳定的;安定的 34.feature n. (报纸或杂志的)特写,专题节目,特色;特征;特点　vt.以……为特色;由……主演;以……为主要组成→featured adj.有……特色的→ featureless adj.没有特色的;平淡无奇的 35.typically adv.一般,通常→typical adj.典型的;有代表性的 36.individual adj.独特的,与众不同的　n.个人→individually adv.单独地,分别地 37.style n.风格,方式;作风;样式;款式　vt.设计;把……制作成某种式样→stylish adj.有格调的;时髦的 38.detail n.细节,细微之处→detailed adj.详细的 39.contain v.包含,含有;抑制;控制→container n.容器 40.summary n.总结,概要→summarize vt.总结;概括;概述 33 核心词汇精讲 Compulsory Book 1 · Units 3—4 ≪ 41.powerful adj.强有力的;有权势的;有影响(感染)力的→powerfully adv.强有力地;有权势地;有影响力地→ powerless adj.无能为力的;无权的;无影响力的→power n.力量;权力→empower vt.授权;使自主 42.track n.跑道;足迹;铁路轨道　vt. & vi.追踪;跟踪→tracking n.跟踪;追踪 43.obviously adv.明显地,显而易见地→obvious adj.明显的 44.entire adj.全部的,整个的→entirely adv.全部地;完全地 45.enormously adv.非常,极其→enormous adj.巨大的 46.positive adj.好的,积极的→positively adv.积极地;乐观地→ negative adj.消极的 47.disqualify v. (因犯规而)取消……的资格→qualify v.使具备资格→qualified adj.有资格的;具备……的学历→qualification n.资格;学历→disqualification n.取消资格 48.athlete n.运动员,田径运动员→athletic adj.田径运动的;健壮的→athletics n.田径运动 49.medal n.奖牌;勋章→medalist n.奖牌获得者 50.medium n.新闻媒体,传媒→(pl.) media 34 核心词汇精讲 Compulsory Book 1 · Units 3—4 ≪ 单词速记法 词缀记忆法:形容词后缀-al表“与……有关的” 语义记忆法:与“看”相关的单词 ①observe　　vt.& vi.观察 ②stare vi.& n.凝视 ③glance vi.& n.扫视;一瞥 ④glare vi.& n.怒目而视 ⑤witness vt.& n.目击(者) ①profession职业;专业→professional职业的,专业的 ②accident意外→accidental意外的 ③addition加→additional附加的 ④person人→personal个人的 ⑤globe全球→global全球的 ⑥nature自然→natural自然的 ⑦practice实践→practical实际的 ※关注特殊变化 ⑧influence影响→influential有影响力的 35 核心词汇精讲 Compulsory Book 1 · Units 3—4 ≪ UNIT 4　Friends forever 1.familiar adj.熟悉的→ unfamiliar adj.不熟悉的→familiarity n.熟悉,通晓 2.adventure n.历险(经历),奇遇→adventurer n.冒险家→adventurous adj.有冒险精神的→misadventure n.厄运;恶运;不幸遭遇 3.prefer vt.更喜欢→preference n.偏爱→preferred adj.首选的;有优先权的→preferable adj.较适合;更可取→preferential adj.优先的;优待的→preferred/preferred/preferring (过去式/过去分词/现在分词) 4.deliver v.递送;传送　vt.发表;助产;接生→delivery n.递送;传送 5.advance n.进步,进展　vt.促进;推动;提出;提前vi.前进;发展;进步　 adj.预先的;事先的→advanced adj.高级的;高等的;先进的　晚期的 6.significantly adv.重大地,显著地→significant adj.重大的;显著的→significance n.意义;重要性 7.maintain v.保持;维持→maintenance n.维护;保养;维持;保持→maintainable adj.可维持的;可维护的 8.digital adj.数字的;数码的→digitally adv.数码地;数字显示地→digitise/-ize vt.使数字化 9.enable vt.使可能,使发生→able adj.能;有才能的→ unable adj.不能的 10.unusual adj.异常的,不平常的→ usual adj.通常的;往常的→usually adv.通常;经常 11.tend v.易于做某事,往往会发生某事→tendency n.倾向,趋势 12.update n.最新消息;更新vt.更新;向……提供最新信息→updated adj.最新的;现代化的 13.criminal n.罪犯→crime n.罪行 14.acquire vt.获得,得到→acquired adj.已获得的;已成习惯的→acquisition n.获得;得到;习得 15.prove v.证明,证实→proof n.证明;证据→proofs (pl.) 36 核心词汇精讲 Compulsory Book 1 · Units 3—4 ≪ 16.illustrate v. (举例)说明,阐明;给(书或文章)加插图→illustration n.图解,插图;图示;例释→illustrator n.插图画家→illustrative adj.说明的;解释性的 17.inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的,启发灵感的→inspired adj.卓越的,备受鼓舞的→inspire vt.鼓舞,激励,给(某人)创作灵感→inspiration n.灵感;启发灵感的人(或事物)→inspirational adj.启发灵感的;鼓舞人心的 18.teenager n.青少年,十几岁的孩子→teenage adj.十几岁的(指13岁至19岁);青少年的 19.pack n.小盒;小包　一群　vi. & vt.收拾(行李)　vt.包装→packed adj.挤满人的;有大量……的 20.comfort n.安慰,慰藉,令人感到安慰的人或物,舒服,安逸　vt.安慰;抚慰→ discomfort n.不适　vt.使不安→comfortable adj.舒适的→comfortably adv.舒适地;自在地→ uncomfortable adj.感到不舒服的 21.patience n.耐心;忍耐力;毅力→patient adj.耐心的　n.病人→patiently adv.耐心地→ impatient adj.不耐烦的;没有耐心的→impatience n.不耐烦 22.passion n.强烈的情感,激情→passionate adj.热情的;热爱的 23.generosity n.慷慨,大方→generous adj.慷慨的;大方的→generously adv.慷慨地;大方地 24.humour n.幽默感→humorous adj.幽默的 25.anxious adj.焦虑的,不安的;渴望→anxiously adv.焦虑地,不安地→anxiety n.焦虑,不安 26.distance v.使与……保持距离,撇清和……的关系　n.距离→distant adj.遥远的,冷漠的 27.ordinary adj.普通的,平常的→ordinarily adv.普通地,平常地 28.dine v.进餐→diner n.就餐者→dinner n.晚餐;宴会 29.fortune n.大笔的钱,巨款;机会;运气→misfortune n.厄运;不幸→fortunate adj.幸运的→fortunately adv.幸运地→ unfortunate adj.不幸的 30.drag v.拖,拉vt. & vi.缓慢而费力地移动　vi.过得很慢;拖沓地进行　vt.劝(人)勉强来(或去)→dragged/dragged/dragging (过去式/过去分词/现在分词) 37 核心词汇精讲 Compulsory Book 1 · Units 3—4 ≪ 31.correspond v.通信→correspondence n.通信;信件 32.partner n.伙伴,搭档　vt.结成伙伴,做搭档,配对→partnership n.伙伴关系;合作 33.appointed adj.约定的,指定的→appoint vt.任命,约定→appointment n.约会;任命 34.strike vt.划(火柴);打,撞击;打动,给……以印象;(使)突然想到/想起　vt. & vi. (时钟等)敲响,报(时);突然降临,突然袭击　vi.罢工　n.罢工→striking adj.引人注目的;显著的→struck/struck (过去式/过去分词) 35.scene n.场景;(戏剧或歌剧的)场;现场;场面→scenic adj.风景优美的;舞台布景的 36.bitterly adv.痛苦地,愤恨地→bitter adj.痛苦的→bitterness n.苦味;怨恨 37.ashamed adj.感到不好意思的,难为情的→shameful adj.可耻的;丢脸的→shame n.羞耻;惭愧;令人遗憾的事 38.unfold vt. (卷着的东西)展开,打开;展示　vt. & vi. (使)逐渐展现→ fold vt.折叠→folding adj.可折叠的 39.location n.地点,位置→locate v.把……安置在;找出……的准确位置→located adj.坐落于;位于 40.surroundings n.周围的事物,环境→surrounding adj. 周围的;附近的→surround vt.包围,围绕,环绕　喜欢结交(某类人);喜欢身边总有(某类东西) 41.personality n.个性,性格→personal adj.个人的,私人的→personally adv.亲自;就本人而言→personalize/-ise vt.针对个人;个人化→person n.人;个人 42.atmosphere n.气氛,氛围,环境;(围绕地球的)大气(层)→atmospheric adj.有独特氛围的;大气的;大气层的 43.pot n.锅;陶盆;陶罐→pottery n.陶器 38 核心词汇精讲 Compulsory Book 1 · Units 3—4 ≪ 单词速记法 词性转换记忆法:动词前缀en-+形容词/名词=动词 语义记忆法:表示“情绪”的形容词 ①anxious　　　　焦虑的 ②delighted 欣喜的 ③disappointed 失望的 ④depressed 沮丧的 ⑤bored 厌烦的 ⑥excited 兴奋的 ①courage勇气→encourage鼓励 ②joy高兴→enjoy喜欢 ③danger危险→endanger危害 ④title称号;标题→entitle给……命名 ⑤able能够的→enable使能够 ⑥sure确信的→ensure确保 ⑦rich丰富的→enrich使富裕 ⑧large大的→enlarge使扩大 39 外研版·英语·必修第一册 40 重难题型突破 ≪ 语篇 A · Like Father, Like Son (The living room. Friday night. A table and two chairs at front centre. Grandfather and Father, _________ (seat) at the table, are playing chess.) Grandfather: And ... I win！ (Son enters room.) Father: Not again! Oh look, here ________ (come) my boy. How are you, son? Son: (________ (nervous) approaching the table) Erm... Dad, can we talk? Father: Sure! You know you can always turn _________ your dad for a chat. Son: OK. Here it is. I’ve decided not to go to university. I want to focus _________ my band and have a career ________ music when I leave school. Father: (raising his voice in surprise) You can’t be serious! What about your future career as a lawyer?！ Son: I _________ (know) you’d say that. You just assume I want to be a lawyer, but that’s only because you are a lawyer. Father: What’s wrong _________ being a lawyer? Lawyers help people and _________ (respect) by others. Son: Yes, but I’m not interested in law. I want to work in a studio, not a court. Grandfather: (looking at Father) Calm down. OK? Father: (ignoring Grandfather’s words) Stop daydreaming! _________ (play) in a band is not a job. Son: Of course it is! The music industry is developing fast now. Making music is a job. Grandfather: (stepping between Father and Son and raising his voice) Hey! I told you to calm down, both of you! Father: But I told him to study something useful at university! Compulsory Book 1 · Units 1—2 41 重难题型突破 ≪ 语篇 A · Like Father, Like Son Grandfather: (laughing) Easy, son! I remember when you _________ (be) his age, you said that you wanted to be a _________ (profession) football player. Father: And you wanted me to be _________ engineer! Grandfather: I just wanted you to be happy, and an engineer — a happy engineer. Father: But in the end, you just advised me _________ (think) carefully. Grandfather: Yes, and you have found the career _________ suits your talents. I’m so proud of you. Your son is proud of you, too. Son: Of course I am, but I have different talents. Grandfather: (turning to Son) Why don’t you also take my ________ (advise) and think carefully before jumping in with both feet? Son: Well, I could try ... Grandfather: If you go to university and play music at the same time, you will have two options for your future. And I’m sure playing in a band will help you make lots of new friends at university. Father: Yes, lots of new _________ (law) friends! Son: (with a sigh) Dad ... Compulsory Book 1 · Units 1—2 42 重难题型突破 ≪ 语篇 B · JUST A BROTHER It was the final part of the 2016 World Triathlon Series in Mexico. With just 700 metres _________ (go), Alistair Brownlee was in third place and his younger brother, Jonny, was in _________ lead. Alistair pushed himself towards the finish line in the _________ (burn) heat, but as he came round the corner, he saw his brother about _________ (fall) onto the track. Alistair had to choose — brotherly love, ________ a chance to win the race? For Alistair, the choice was clear. His brother was in trouble. He had to help. Alistair _________ (run) towards Jonny, _________ (catch) him and started pulling him towards the finish line. Alistair then pushed his brother over the line. The move put Jonny in second place and Alistair himself in third. It was an _________ (expect) end to the race, but Alistair did not want to discuss it with the media. He just wanted to see his younger brother, _________ had been rushed to the medical area. The Brownlee brothers _________ (do) triathlons since they were children. “Obviously, when your older brother is doing it, you think it’s a cool thing ________ (do),” says Jonny. Alistair says that they encourage each other as much as they can when they train. Despite arguments over “stupid things” now and then, Alistair agrees that having a brother is ________ advantage. “Throughout my entire life, I’ve had my brother trying to beat me at everything I do. It has been an _________ (enormous) positive force.” _________ (watch) by millions, the ending to the race has _________ (divide) opinions: should the brothers have been disqualified or _________ (high) praised for their actions? But for Alistair, his _________ (decide) was easy to explain: “Mum wouldn’t have been happy _________ I’d left Jonny behind.” At that moment, he was no longer an athlete _________ (aim) for a medal — he was just a brother. Compulsory Book 1 · Units 1—2 43 重难题型突破 ≪ 语篇 C · CLICK FOR A FRIEND? How would you feel if _________ (move) to a new town meant losing track ________ your friends? What if the only way of getting news from faraway friends was writing letters that took ages _________ (deliver)? This was _________ things worked not very long ago. Thanks to _________ (advance) in technology, how we make friends and communicate with them has changed _________ (significant). Nowadays, we can move around the world and still stay in touch _________ the people that we want to remain friends with. Social media tools let us see _________ our friends are up to and maintain friendships. All you need is a wi-fi connection. The digital age also enables us _________ (find) people who share our interests, such as collecting model cars or playing an unusual instrument. Whatever our hobbies, the Internet can connect us with others _________ also enjoy doing them, even if they live on the other side of the world. But when you “friend” people online, does this mean that they really are your friends? It depends.  If people always exchange true _________ (person) information online, then yes, these friendships can be real and _________ (mean). But we need to keep in mind that _________ we see on social media is often not the whole truth about a person. On social media sites, people tend _________ (post) only positive ________ (update) that make them appear happy and friendly. But smiling photos can hide real problems. Remember the saying: on the Internet, nobody knows you’re a dog. A young person could be old; a woman could be a man; we could even be sharing our information with _________ (criminal). But this doesn’t mean that we should throw the baby out with the bathwater. Although technology has changed the way we acquire friends, the _________ (mean) of friendship and our longing _________ friends remain the same. ________ Aristotle said, no one would choose to live without friends, even if he had all other goods. Compulsory Book 1 · Units 1—2 44 重难题型突破 ≪ 语篇 D · After Twenty Years The short story “After Twenty Years” is set ________ New York on a cold, dark night. Most people have left work to go home, and this part of the city is now quiet. A policeman _________ is checking the area _________ (see) a man outside a shop. He goes up to the man and finds he has a scar on his face. They have a chat and the man starts to tell his story. “Twenty years ago tonight,” said the man, “I ________ (dine) here at ‘Big Joe’ Brady’s with Jimmy Wells, my best chum, and the _________ (fine) chap in the world. He and I _________ (raise) here in New York, just like two brothers, together. I was eighteen and Jimmy was twenty. The next morning I was to start for the West _________ (make) my fortune. You couldn’t have dragged Jimmy out of New York; he thought it was the only place on earth. Well, we agreed that night that we ________ (meet) here again exactly twenty years from that date and time, no matter _________ our conditions might be or from what _________ (distant) we might have to come. We figured that in twenty years each of us ought to have our destiny worked out and our fortunes made, whatever they were going to be.” “It sounds pretty interesting,” said the policeman. “Rather a long time between meets, though, it seems to me. Haven’t you heard _________ your friend since you left?” “Well, yes, for a time we corresponded,” said the other. “But after a year or two we _________ (lose) track of each other. You see, the West is a pretty big proposition, and I kept _________ (hustle) around over it pretty lively. But I know Jimmy will meet me here if he’s _________ (live), for he always was the truest, staunchest old chap in the world. He’ll never forget. I came a thousand miles to stand in this door tonight, and it’s worth _________ if my old partner turns up.” Compulsory Book 1 · Units 1—2 45 重难题型突破 ≪ 语篇 D · After Twenty Years Compulsory Book 1 · Units 1—2 Bob, I was at the _________ (appoint) place on time. When you _________ (strike) the match to light your cigar I saw it was the face of the man _________ (want) in Chicago. Somehow I couldn’t do it _________ (I), so I went around and got a plain clothes man to do the job. Jimmy Writing _________ (step) out of jail into the cold wind, Bob, now 58, felt lost and _________ (help). “Twenty years is a long time,” he smiled ________ (bitter), not knowing where _________ (go). He had no family, and had never heard a word from Jimmy again since that cold, dark night. “Was he _________ (shame) of having a friend like me? Bob longed _________ an answer. “Excuse me, sir, are you Bob?” Bob _________ (hear) the voice of a young man. “Yes.” He turned around and was surprised _________ (find) a familiar-looking man in his _________ (thirty). “Have we met before?” “No, sir,” _________ (reply) the man. “My father told me to meet you today. I have a note for you from him.” Doubtfully, Bod _________ (unfold) the note. His hands were shaking by the time he had finished reading. Bob, the doctor says I’ve only got three months. I’m afraid I won’t be able _________ (meet) you this time, _________ you’ll always be my dear friend. Jimmy “You’re Jimmy’s son?!” Bob shouted ________ surprise. “Yes, sir,” the young man smiled. “And my name is Bob.” 46 重难题型突破 ≪ 新外研必修一 Unit 3 Understanding ideas答案 seated, comes, nervously, to, on, in, knew, with, are respected, Playing, were, professional, an, to think, that / which, advice, lawyer 新外研必修一 Unit 3 Developing ideas答案 to go, the, burning, to fall, or, ran, caught, unexpected, who, have been doing, to do, an, enormously, Watched, divided, highly, decision, if, aiming 新外研必修一 Unit 4 Understanding ideas答案 moving, of, to be delivered, how, advances, significantly, with, what, to find, who, personal, meaningful, what, to post, updates, criminals, meaning, for, As 新外研必修一 Unit 4 Developing ideas答案 in, who / that, sees, dined, finest, were raised, to make, would meet, what, distance, from, lost, hustling, alive, it, appointed, struck, wanted, myself 新外研必修一 Unit 4 Writing答案 Stepping, helpless, bitterly, to go, ashamed, for, heard, to find, thirties, replied, unfolded, to meet, but, in Compulsory Book 1 · Units 1—2 47 重难题型突破 ≪ 四篇重点课文 · 主题与逻辑 语篇 主题 结构线索 主旨总结 *Like Father, Like Son 选择与理解 家庭客厅内父子的观念冲突对话 代际虽有想法分歧，但沟通可以达成包容理解 Just Brothers 亲情与抉择 铁人三项赛场突发意外，哥哥舍赛救人 竞技荣誉固然珍贵，手足亲情更为重要 After Twenty Years 情谊与原则 雨夜赴约二人相见、身份反转的情节线 珍贵友情不容忘怀，法律原则更要坚守 Click for a Friend? 交友与思辨 线上交友利弊两方观点对比论证 网络拓宽交友途径，真心联结仍需审慎辨别 Compulsory Book 1 · Units 1—2 48 外研版·英语·必修第一册 49 课堂巩固演练 Compulsory Book 1 · Units 1—2 ≪ 应用文 · 书评 6.假设你是晨光中学高一学生李津。你校正在举办“我爱我家”主题周活动。你准备给校报英文刊投稿，内容包括： ①你眼中的家是什么样子； ②和父母印象最深的一次争吵； ③怎么解决与父母的矛盾? 写作要点 1 你眼中的家是什么样子 2 和父母印象最深的一次争吵 3 怎么解决与父母的矛盾 50 课堂巩固演练 Selective Compulsory Book 2 · Units 1—2 ≪ 示例 Family Matters I think family is a place where we are loved the most and act the worst. Laughter and tears filled our family life. Despite hardship striking us, family is always a warm harbor. I remembered the quarrel with my mother about using mobile phone. She didn’t permit me to spend too much time chatting with my friends, browsing Weibo and playing games. But I said study put me under pressure and using phone is a good way for me to relieve anxiety. After that, I have been thinking about how to deal with those conflicts. As far as I concerned, we’d better understand our parents. The reason for her anger was that she was afraid staring at the screen for a long time would harm my health. Besides, we should turn to our parents for a chat whenever we have problems. We can agree on the entire time I use on the phone. So I figure in family, it is not the problems but how to settle them that matters. 51 课堂巩固演练 ≪ 应用文 10.假设你是晨光中学学生会主席李津。在校园生活中，人际关系时刻影响着我们的心情与成长。请你代表学生会以“Establishing Happy and Healthy Interpersonal Relationships”为题写一封倡议书，内容包括： ①良好人际关系的重要性； ②如何建立健康、快乐的人际关系（如宽容、尊重、诚实等）； ③你的倡议。 写作要点 1 良好人际关系的重要性 2 如何建立健康、快乐的人际关系（如宽容、尊重、诚实等） 3 你的倡议 Compulsory Book 1 · Units 1—2 52 课堂巩固演练 ≪ 示例 Dear fellow students, On behalf of the Student Union, I am writing to call on everyone to actively participate in establishing happy and healthy interpersonal relationships. As we know, good interpersonal relationships play an important role in our emotional well-being and personal growth. Therefore, it is vital for us students to get along well with one another. However, it is common that some students can’t get on well with their classmates because of personality differences. Thus, how can we build healthy and happy relationships with others? From my perspective, we are supposed to treat others with love and respect. In addition, I hold the belief that we ought to be tolerant and try to understand each other. In a word, only by cultivating tolerance, respect and honesty can we build relationships that bring joy and support throughout life. Let’s try our best to build good relationships with our classmates. Compulsory Book 1 · Units 1—2 53 感谢聆听 THANKS FOR LISTENING 54 $