专题01 Units 1～2（期中复习讲义）八年级英语上学期新教材沪教版五四制

专题01 Units 1~2（期中复习讲义） 01 复习目标锚定 02 核心考点精讲 03 限时分层演练 基础固本 / 综合进阶 复习目标 复习重点： 1. 现在完成时的结构与运用； 2. 时间状语从句（when, before, after, as, until 引导）； 3. 复合名词的构词法； 4. 提出建议与表达观点的交际用语； 5. 描述事物特征与解决设备故障的核心句型； 6. 含数量词、百分数及分数在语境中的表达。 复习难点： 1. 现在完成时中延续性动词与瞬间动词的转换； 2. 时间状语从句中“主将从现”原则的应用； 3. 现在完成时与一般过去时的语境区分； 4. 复合名词的复数变化与重音位置； 5. 数量词（如 97% of, two-thirds of）作主语时的主谓一致； 6. 构词法（词性转换，如 dry 动词/形容词，picture 动词/名词）。 考情规律 词汇运用：侧重构词法（词性转换）在具体语境中的选择，以及 digital/technology/water-related 词汇的搭配。 句型转换/翻译：常涉及时间状语从句的连接词选择，以及现在完成时与一般过去时的句型转换。 1. Water is precious, so I can't waste any. 水很珍贵，所以我一点也不能浪费。 【用法详解】 辨析 some, any 与复合不定代词 ① some 常用于肯定句，any 常用于否定句和疑问句。 ② 但在表示请求、建议，或希望得到对方肯定回答的疑问句中，用 some。 ③ any 还可以表示“任何一个”，用于肯定句。 Any student can join the club. ④ 派生词：someone/somebody, anyone/anybody, something, anything。 修饰复合不定代词的形容词必须后置。 【即时训练】 （1）Could you give me ___ ___ (some/any) advice on saving water? （2）Is there __ ___ (something/anything) interesting in today's newspaper? （3）______ (Any/Some) child can understand this simple rule. 2. It takes water to make these things, even though we don't see water in them. 制造这些东西需要水，即使我们在它们里面看不到水。 【用法详解】 辨析 even though 与 even if ① even though 意为“即使；虽然”，引导让步状语从句，常指客观存在的事实，语气较强。 Even though it was raining, we still went to the museum. ② even if 意为“即使；纵然”，引导让步状语从句，常指假设的情况。 Even if it rains tomorrow, we will go. ③ even though 引导的从句可以用一般现在时表示将来。 Even though it rains tomorrow, we will go. 【易混警示】 even though 不能与 but 连用。 ❌ Even though he is poor, but he is happy. ✅ Even though he is poor, he is happy. 【即时训练】 （1）______ (Even though/Even if) I fail this time, I will try again. (表示假设) （2）_____ (Even though/Even if) he is very old, he still works hard. (客观事实) （3）改错：Even though it was late, but we kept working. → __ ___ 3. I carefully rub the soap into my hair and skin until every drop of water is fully used. 我小心地把肥皂揉进头发和皮肤，直到每一滴水都被充分利用。 【用法详解】 时间状语从句 (Adverbial clauses of time) ① 引导词：when (当……时), while (当……时，强调持续), before (在……之前), after (在……之后), as (随着；一边……一边), until (直到)。 ② when 引导的从句，动作可以跟主句动作同时发生，也可以先后发生；while 引导的从句谓语动词必须是延续性的，常用于进行时。 ③ as 常表示“随着”或“一边……一边……”。 As the water wets my head, I can feel the heat. ④ until：肯定句表示“直到……为止”；否定句 not...until... 表示“直到……才……”。 【易混警示】主将从现 如果主句是一般将来时（或祈使句、含有情态动词），时间状语从句要用一般现在时表将来。 ❌ I will wait here until he will come back. ✅ I will wait here until he comes back. 【即时训练】 （1）I was reading a book ______ (when/while) my mother was cooking. （2）______ (As/While) time goes by, we are getting older. （3）Don't get off the bus ______ (until/before) it stops completely. （4）I will call you as soon as I ______ (arrive) in Shanghai. 3. It's easy to start small — turn off the tap while soaping our hands, use rainwater for plants... 从小事做起很容易——洗手打肥皂时关掉水龙头，用雨水浇植物…… 【用法详解】 It 作形式主语 & 祈使句在倡议书中的应用 ① It is + adj. + to do sth. 句型中，it 是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语。 It is easy to start small. (从小事做起很容易) It is important to protect water. ② 写作（Proposal 倡议书）中，常使用祈使句来提出建议或号召。 Turn off the tap. Let's protect water together. Don't waste water. ③ 平行结构 (Parallel structure)：在倡议书中列举建议时，常使用相同的语法结构（如都是动词原形开头，或都是动名词），以增强语势。 We can turn off the tap, use rainwater for plants, and start river clean-up groups. (动词原形并列) 【即时训练】 （1）It is important ______ (learn) a second language. （2）______ (turn) off the lights when you leave the room. （3）To protect the environment, we should plant more trees, save water and ______ (reduce) plastic use. 5. I have repeated that a couple of times, but it didn't help! 我已经重复了好几次，但没有用！ 【用法详解】 现在完成时 vs. 一般过去时 ① 现在完成时 (have/has + 过去分词)：表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或动作从过去一直持续到现在。 I have repeated that a couple of times. (强调现在的结果：还是没修好) I have just lost my keys. ② 一般过去时：只表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，与现在无关。 I repeated that yesterday. (强调动作发生在昨天) I lost my keys yesterday. ③ 标志词： 现在完成时常与 already, yet, just, ever, never, since, for, recently, so far, in the past few years 连用。 一般过去时常与 yesterday, last week, in 2010, ago, just now 连用。 【易混警示】 ❌ I have seen the film yesterday. (yesterday 是明确的过去时间，不能与现在完成时连用) ✅ I saw the film yesterday. / I have seen the film. 【即时训练】 （1）I ______ (lose) my dictionary. I can't find it anywhere. （2）He ______ (join) the army in 2019. （3）—______ you ever ______ (be) to Beijing? —Yes, I ______ (go) there last year. 6. It keeps shutting down on its own. 它总是自己关机。 【用法详解】 keep 的用法及复合名词 ① keep doing sth. 意为“一直做某事 / 反复做某事”。 It keeps shutting down. (它一直/反复关机) ② keep sb./sth. + adj. 使……保持某种状态。 Keep the room clean. ③ keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事。 The rain kept us from going out. ④ 复合名词 (Compound nouns)： Unit 2 重点构词法。由两个或以上的词组成一个名词。 Noun + Noun: laptop (膝上+顶部=笔记本电脑), keyboard (键+板=键盘), smartphone (智能+手机), desktop (桌面+顶部=台式电脑), headset (头+装置=耳机)。 Adjective + Noun: smart watch。 Verb + Particle: touch screen (触摸屏)。 注意：复合名词变复数时，通常只把最后一个词变复数。smartphones, desktops。 【即时训练】 （1）He kept ______ (ask) me the same question. （2）Please keep the door ______ (open). （3）用复合名词填空：I use my ______ (手提电脑) to do my homework, and I type on the ______ (键盘). 7. According to a 2022 report, over 22% of the Indian population couldn't read or write. 根据2022年的一份报告，超过22%的印度人口不会读写。 【用法详解】 百分数/分数作主语的主谓一致 ① 百分数/分数 + of + 名词 作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于 of 后面的名词。 22% of the population couldn't read. (population 这里指人，用复数) 70% of the Earth's surface is covered with water. (surface 不可数，用单数) ② 分数表达法：分子用基数词，分母用序数词。分子大于1时，分母加 s。 1/3: one third; 2/3: two thirds. ③ according to 意为“根据……”，后接名词、代词或从句，常用于句首作状语。 【即时训练】 （1）About two-thirds of the water on Earth ______ (be) salty. （2）80% of the students in our class ______ (have) been to the Science Museum. （3）______ (根据) the weather forecast, it will rain tomorrow. 8. Digital technology makes life a lot easier for the disabled. 数字技术让残疾人的生活轻松了许多。 【用法详解】 make 的使役用法 ① make + 宾语 + 形容词：使……变得…… Digital technology makes life easier. The news made him happy. ② make + 宾语 + 名词：使……成为…… We made him our monitor. ③ make + 宾语 + 动词原形 (do)：让某人做某事（被动语态中要加 to，即 be made to do）。 The teacher made us read the text aloud. He was made to clean the room. ④ the + adj. 表示一类人。the disabled (残疾人), the blind (盲人), the old (老年人)。 【即时训练】 （1）The smart walking stick makes the blind ______ (walk) safely. （2）The movie made me ______ (feel) sad. （3）The boss made the workers ______ (work) 12 hours a day. （4）被动句转换：The workers were made ______ (work) 12 hours a day. 9. I'd like to make a complaint about the laptop I bought last week. 我想投诉我上周买的那台笔记本电脑。 【用法详解】 提出投诉、建议与解决问题 (Making complaints & giving advice) ① 投诉 (Complaining)： I have a problem with... (我的……有问题) I'd like to make a complaint about... (我想投诉……) It keeps shutting down / running out of space / failing to connect. (它总是关机 / 内存不足 / 连接失败) ② 给出建议 (Giving advice)： Have you tried turning it off and on again? (你试过重启吗？) Why don't you update the software / clear out apps? (你为什么不更新软件 / 清理应用呢？) I suggest you (should) check your Wi-Fi. (我建议你检查一下Wi-Fi。) ③ 建议的表达：You should / could do... / How about doing...? / What about doing...? 【即时训练】 （1）—I have a problem ______ my smartphone. —Why ______ you turn it off and on again? （2）I'd like to make a ______ (投诉) about the noise. （3）The phone keeps ______ (freeze). What should I do? （4）I suggest you ______ (clear) out the apps you don't need. 10. It is believed that this type of technology will make the lives of blind people safer and easier. 人们相信，这种技术将使盲人的生活更安全、更轻松。 【用法详解】 固定句型 It is believed that... 及不定式作宾语补足语 ① It is believed that... 意为“人们相信……”，it 作形式主语，that 引导主语从句。类似句型有：It is said that... (据说……) / It is reported that... (据报道……)。 ② make + 宾语 + 形容词 (比较级)：使……更……。 make the lives safer and easier (使生活更安全、更容易) ③ make it easier to do sth.：it 是形式宾语，真正的宾语是 to do sth.。 Digital technology makes it easier to share knowledge. (数字技术让分享知识变得更容易) 【即时训练】 （1）______ is said that he is a famous writer. （2）The internet makes it easier ______ (communicate) with friends. （3）It is ______ (report) that the new bridge will open next month. 基础固本练（限时：25分钟） 一、单词拼写 1．Mary ________ (鼓励) me to work hard for the match. 2．It’s hot today. Do you want to swim in the ________ (池子)？ 3．Sandy is always full of _______ (活力). 4．Mobile __________ (支付) is faster than cash.   5．A good breakfast gives us much ________ (能量) to start a day. 6．Most students ________ (同意) that time is one of the most valuable things in the world. 7．One ________ (好处) of walking is to be in good shape. 8．Parents send their students to this school to get good ________ (教育). 9．—Who is the ________ of the house? (own) —My aunt. She bought it last year. 10．The company tried to reduce the ________ to customers during the system upgrade. (convenient) 11．—When will your brother arrive? —I don’t know. He will give me a call as soon as he ________ (get) off the train. 12．The light in the office is still on. He forgot ________ (turn) it off. 13．Did the English teacher give you any ________ (suggest)? 14．Our teachers often _________ us to face the challenges bravely. (courage) 15．They aren’t allowed to buy ________ that are harmful to the environment. (produce) 16．The doctor says lifestyle changes should be part of the _______ (treat). 17．There is much useful________ (inform) on this app. 18．The dish would be more delicious with a ________ (salt) sauce. 二、完成句子 19．They had finished the project before the deadline. (对划线部分提问) ________ had they finished the project? 20．There is little water in the bottle.（改为反意疑问句） There is little water in the bottle, ________ ________? 21．水非常有用。在家里，我们用水做饭、洗衣服或打扫卫生。 Water ________ very ________. At home, we ________ water ________ ________, do ________ or cleaning. 22．She was reading a book while her sister was watching TV. (改为一般疑问句) ________ she ________ a book while her sister was watching TV? 23．He turned off the light after he finished his task. (保持句意不变) He ________ turn off the light ________ he finished his task. 24．Lucy will make a phone call to her friend. Lucy will get off the plane. (用 as soon as合并为一句) Lucy ________________________________________. 25．她小心翼翼地把剪刀递给她的同学做艺术作业。 She __________ her classmate for the art project. 26．The technician fixed the network. We could connect the internet.（合并为一句） We couldn’t connect the internet ________ the technician ________ the network. 27．The population of my hometown is 300 million now. (对画线部分提问) ________ the ________ of your hometown now? 28．Water is very important to us.（改为感叹句） ________ ________ water is to us! 三、翻译 29．当我们在线购物时，需要保护好银行卡信息。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 30．工厂被要求处理废弃化学品，以避免它们污染附近的河流和土壤。 ________________________________________ 31．成立河流清理小组能帮助保护水源。 _________________________________________________________________________________ 32．传播节水理念对保护水资源很重要。 _________________________________________________________________________________ 33．当我们使用公共WiFi时，个人信息可能会被泄露。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 综合进阶练（限时：20分钟） 一、完形填空 Information will soon be so easy to find on the internet that people will not need to remember anything. Do you agree? Nowadays all the information we could ever need is available online and some people say that means the end of having to learn anything. It is true that those days everything you want to know is a few clicks away as long as you have internet access. 1 , not everyone has working internet all the time, for example in certain buildings or remote locations, so we do need to be able to remember information. Moreover, it takes time to look up everything you need to know online, while remembering something is 2 . The human memory is a much more efficient system. Another problem is the 3 of the information online. How do we know if it is accurate or reliable? We need to think about other facts we know and remember how to 4 information from different websites. Knowing (and remembering) how to find certain information will be more important than knowing the information itself. Finally, the internet is a good tool but it cannot take the place of our 5 . If we did not remember anything, we would all spend even more time on our phones and computers than we already do, which is not good for society. In conclusion, the internet offers us many things but it is still important to use our knowledge and memories. We need our memories to function without the internet and we also need to know how to use the internet 6 . 1．A．At first B．What’s more C．However D．After all 2．A．impossible B．immediate C．basic D．essential 3．A．protection B．amount C．development D．quality 4．A．compare B．collect C．recognize D．process 5．A．traditions B．brains C．education D．knowledge 6．A．safely B．regularly C．properly D．happily 二、阅读理解 As we all know, the earth is in bad condition now. Luckily, we human beings have realized the problem. Something must be done to stop pollution. It’s our duty to protect our Mother Earth. In order to live a better life, in September 1969, at a conference in Seattle, Washington, Senator Gaylord Nelson announced that in the spring of 1970, there would be a nationwide environmental activity. That was the concept (概念) of Earth Day. “It was a wish,” he recalls, “but it worked.” On April 22nd, 1970, World Earth Day was first observed. That day, 20 million people attended the movement in the US. On April 22, 1990, more than 200 million people in 141 countries took part in Earth Day celebrations. Earth Day 2007 was one of the largest Earth Days. Billions of people around the world took part in Earth Day events. More than 40,000 people show up for Earth Day festivities at Chicago’s Lincoln Park Zoo, setting a single-day attendance record. People who have been fighting against oil spills, polluting factories, power plants and the loss of wilderness unite (联合) on Earth Day. If everyone makes a contribution to environmental protection, the world will become much more beautiful. In a word, if everyone pays more attention to our environment, there will be less pollution and our life will be better. There is only one earth. I hope everyone will protect our earth well. We should act like a civilized person: do not spit, do not litter, care for trees and plants… Let’s join hands to save the earth! Remember: Everyday is Earth Day! 7．Where was the concept of Earth Day announced? A．In Spain. B．In Chicago. C．In Seattle. D．In London. 8．When was the first World Earth Day celebrated? A．On April 22nd, 1969. B．On April 22nd, 1970. C．On April 22nd, 1990. D．On April 22nd, 2007. 9．The passage may come from ________. A．a guidebook B．a science newspaper C．an environmental magazine D．a storybook 10．What’s the best title of the passage? A．The Environment B．Earth Day C．The Pollution D．Environment Day World Water Day 2025 World Water Day falls on 22nd March every year. It is a day to think about why we need water and how to save it. World Water Day has a different theme each year. The theme for World Water Day 2025 is “Glacier Preservation (保护)”. Glaciers are large pieces of ice. It is important we look after them and stop them from melting (融化). They help to keep our planet cool and we get lots of our water from them.Why Is Water Important? Water is very important to all life. Humans, animals and plants would die (死亡) without it. More than half of your body is water! We need water to drink. We also use water for washing our clothes, brushing our teeth, cooking and many other things. All plants need water to grow as well.How can we make a difference? Saving water, such as by having showers instead of baths and turning off the tap while brushing teeth. Collect rainwater for watering plants. Wear clothes more before washing them. On World Water Day, we think about all the ways that we use water and how we can use it as little as possible. We remember not to waste water and learn how to save water in our daily life. 11．When is the World Water Day? A．22nd May B．21st March C．22nd March D．25th May 12．What is the theme for World Water Day this year? A．Glacier Preservation. B．Peaceful Water. C．Water for Peace. D．Every Drop Counts. 13．What does “them” in paragraph 2 refer to (指的是)? A．Ice B．Lakes C．Glaciers D．Rivers 14．Which of these is NOT a way to help make a difference? A．Having baths instead of showers. B．Wearing clothes more before washing. C．Collecting water to water flowers. D．Turning off the tap while brushing teeth. 15．What is the purpose (目的) of World Water Day? A．Learn about the importance of water. B．Have fun playing with water. C．Keep our clothes clean and tidy. D．Drink more water than before. 三、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 ChatGPT is a chatbot (聊天程序). OpenAI created it. Since last year, the company 16 (become) one of the world’s fifty most-visited. 17 people ask a question online, they will get the answer to it from the chatbot. The answer reads like an essay (文章). A growing number of 18 (teacher) say it’s too late to keep AI out of their classrooms. In a recent survey, 93% of teachers said they heard of ChatGPT, and 33% used it to think of 19 (create) ideas for classes. In Washington, students used the programme to help 20 their math. In London, a teacher used ChatGPT to simplify (简化) texts for students whose English is not good enough. ChatGPT doesn’t always get things right. But teachers say this can give a way to make students become more interested in study. Some teachers ask students 21 (check) those essays. Sarah Millard, 22 teacher in Rochester, had students critique (评论) a ChatGPT essay on Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet. She said students 23 (enjoy) it a lot. Some educators say it would be unfair to other students if teachers let some students use AI to do 24 (them) schoolwork. It’s not clear how AI will change schooling. One thing is certain: There’s no substitute (替代) for human connection. One teacher says, “I high-fived my students. I cried with my students. A computer will never do that. For the chatbot, the key is to use it 25 (correct).” 四、任务型阅读 阅读下面短文，然后回答问题。 Water is not only important for our life but also plays a significant role in nature. The water cycle is a continuous process that includes evaporation, condensation, and precipitation. When the sun heats the water in oceans, lakes, and rivers, it turns into water vapour and goes up into the air. As the water vapour cools down, it turns into tiny water droplets, forming clouds. Then, the water droplets fall back to the Earth as rain, snow, or hail. The water cycle is very important for our environment. It helps to regulate the Earth’s temperature and provides fresh water for plants, animals, and humans. However, human activities can have an impact on the water cycle. For example, deforestation can reduce the amount of water that is absorbed by the soil and evaporated into the air. Climate change can also cause changes in precipitation patterns, leading to more floods or droughts in some areas. 26．Please give a brief summary of the water cycle process. (No less than 40 words) 27．According to the passage, analyze the impact of human activities on the water cycle. (No less than 40 words) 28．As a middle school student, what can you do to protect the water cycle? Please put forward two suggestions. (No less than 40 words) 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 Units 1~2（期中复习讲义） 01 复习目标锚定 02 核心考点精讲 03 限时分层演练 基础固本 / 综合进阶 复习目标 复习重点： 1. 现在完成时的结构与运用； 2. 时间状语从句（when, before, after, as, until 引导）； 3. 复合名词的构词法； 4. 提出建议与表达观点的交际用语； 5. 描述事物特征与解决设备故障的核心句型； 6. 含数量词、百分数及分数在语境中的表达。 复习难点： 1. 现在完成时中延续性动词与瞬间动词的转换； 2. 时间状语从句中“主将从现”原则的应用； 3. 现在完成时与一般过去时的语境区分； 4. 复合名词的复数变化与重音位置； 5. 数量词（如 97% of, two-thirds of）作主语时的主谓一致； 6. 构词法（词性转换，如 dry 动词/形容词，picture 动词/名词）。 考情规律 词汇运用：侧重构词法（词性转换）在具体语境中的选择，以及 digital/technology/water-related 词汇的搭配。 句型转换/翻译：常涉及时间状语从句的连接词选择，以及现在完成时与一般过去时的句型转换。 1. Water is precious, so I can't waste any. 水很珍贵，所以我一点也不能浪费。 【用法详解】 辨析 some, any 与复合不定代词 ① some 常用于肯定句，any 常用于否定句和疑问句。 ② 但在表示请求、建议，或希望得到对方肯定回答的疑问句中，用 some。 ③ any 还可以表示“任何一个”，用于肯定句。 Any student can join the club. ④ 派生词：someone/somebody, anyone/anybody, something, anything。 修饰复合不定代词的形容词必须后置。 【即时训练】 （1）Could you give me ___some___ (some/any) advice on saving water? （2）Is there ___anything___ (something/anything) interesting in today's newspaper? （3）_ Any_____ (Any/Some) child can understand this simple rule. 2. It takes water to make these things, even though we don't see water in them. 制造这些东西需要水，即使我们在它们里面看不到水。 【用法详解】 辨析 even though 与 even if ① even though 意为“即使；虽然”，引导让步状语从句，常指客观存在的事实，语气较强。 Even though it was raining, we still went to the museum. ② even if 意为“即使；纵然”，引导让步状语从句，常指假设的情况。 Even if it rains tomorrow, we will go. ③ even though 引导的从句可以用一般现在时表示将来。 Even though it rains tomorrow, we will go. 【易混警示】 even though 不能与 but 连用。 ❌ Even though he is poor, but he is happy. ✅ Even though he is poor, he is happy. 【即时训练】 （1）____Even if __ (Even though/Even if) I fail this time, I will try again. (表示假设) （2）___Even though___ (Even though/Even if) he is very old, he still works hard. (客观事实) （3）改错：Even though it was late, but we kept working. → __Even though it was late, we kept working.____ 3. I carefully rub the soap into my hair and skin until every drop of water is fully used. 我小心地把肥皂揉进头发和皮肤，直到每一滴水都被充分利用。 【用法详解】 时间状语从句 (Adverbial clauses of time) ① 引导词：when (当……时), while (当……时，强调持续), before (在……之前), after (在……之后), as (随着；一边……一边), until (直到)。 ② when 引导的从句，动作可以跟主句动作同时发生，也可以先后发生；while 引导的从句谓语动词必须是延续性的，常用于进行时。 ③ as 常表示“随着”或“一边……一边……”。 As the water wets my head, I can feel the heat. ④ until：肯定句表示“直到……为止”；否定句 not...until... 表示“直到……才……”。 【易混警示】主将从现 如果主句是一般将来时（或祈使句、含有情态动词），时间状语从句要用一般现在时表将来。 ❌ I will wait here until he will come back. ✅ I will wait here until he comes back. 【即时训练】 （1）I was reading a book ______ (when/while) my mother was cooking. （2）______ (As/While) time goes by, we are getting older. （3）Don't get off the bus ______ (until/before) it stops completely. （4）I will call you as soon as I ______ (arrive) in Shanghai. 答案：（1）while （2）As （3）until （4）arrive 3. It's easy to start small — turn off the tap while soaping our hands, use rainwater for plants... 从小事做起很容易——洗手打肥皂时关掉水龙头，用雨水浇植物…… 【用法详解】 It 作形式主语 & 祈使句在倡议书中的应用 ① It is + adj. + to do sth. 句型中，it 是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语。 It is easy to start small. (从小事做起很容易) It is important to protect water. ② 写作（Proposal 倡议书）中，常使用祈使句来提出建议或号召。 Turn off the tap. Let's protect water together. Don't waste water. ③ 平行结构 (Parallel structure)：在倡议书中列举建议时，常使用相同的语法结构（如都是动词原形开头，或都是动名词），以增强语势。 We can turn off the tap, use rainwater for plants, and start river clean-up groups. (动词原形并列) 【即时训练】 （1）It is important ______ (learn) a second language. （2）______ (turn) off the lights when you leave the room. （3）To protect the environment, we should plant more trees, save water and ______ (reduce) plastic use. 答案：（1）to learn （2）Turn （3）reduce 5. I have repeated that a couple of times, but it didn't help! 我已经重复了好几次，但没有用！ 【用法详解】 现在完成时 vs. 一般过去时 ① 现在完成时 (have/has + 过去分词)：表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或动作从过去一直持续到现在。 I have repeated that a couple of times. (强调现在的结果：还是没修好) I have just lost my keys. ② 一般过去时：只表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，与现在无关。 I repeated that yesterday. (强调动作发生在昨天) I lost my keys yesterday. ③ 标志词： 现在完成时常与 already, yet, just, ever, never, since, for, recently, so far, in the past few years 连用。 一般过去时常与 yesterday, last week, in 2010, ago, just now 连用。 【易混警示】 ❌ I have seen the film yesterday. (yesterday 是明确的过去时间，不能与现在完成时连用) ✅ I saw the film yesterday. / I have seen the film. 【即时训练】 （1）I ______ (lose) my dictionary. I can't find it anywhere. （2）He ______ (join) the army in 2019. （3）—______ you ever ______ (be) to Beijing? —Yes, I ______ (go) there last year. 答案：（1）have lost （2）joined （3）Have; been; went 6. It keeps shutting down on its own. 它总是自己关机。 【用法详解】 keep 的用法及复合名词 ① keep doing sth. 意为“一直做某事 / 反复做某事”。 It keeps shutting down. (它一直/反复关机) ② keep sb./sth. + adj. 使……保持某种状态。 Keep the room clean. ③ keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事。 The rain kept us from going out. ④ 复合名词 (Compound nouns)： Unit 2 重点构词法。由两个或以上的词组成一个名词。 Noun + Noun: laptop (膝上+顶部=笔记本电脑), keyboard (键+板=键盘), smartphone (智能+手机), desktop (桌面+顶部=台式电脑), headset (头+装置=耳机)。 Adjective + Noun: smart watch。 Verb + Particle: touch screen (触摸屏)。 注意：复合名词变复数时，通常只把最后一个词变复数。smartphones, desktops。 【即时训练】 （1）He kept ______ (ask) me the same question. （2）Please keep the door ______ (open). （3）用复合名词填空：I use my ______ (手提电脑) to do my homework, and I type on the ______ (键盘). 答案：（1）asking （2）open （3）laptop; keyboard 7. According to a 2022 report, over 22% of the Indian population couldn't read or write. 根据2022年的一份报告，超过22%的印度人口不会读写。 【用法详解】 百分数/分数作主语的主谓一致 ① 百分数/分数 + of + 名词 作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于 of 后面的名词。 22% of the population couldn't read. (population 这里指人，用复数) 70% of the Earth's surface is covered with water. (surface 不可数，用单数) ② 分数表达法：分子用基数词，分母用序数词。分子大于1时，分母加 s。 1/3: one third; 2/3: two thirds. ③ according to 意为“根据……”，后接名词、代词或从句，常用于句首作状语。 【即时训练】 （1）About two-thirds of the water on Earth ______ (be) salty. （2）80% of the students in our class ______ (have) been to the Science Museum. （3）______ (根据) the weather forecast, it will rain tomorrow. 答案：（1）is （2）have （3）According to 8. Digital technology makes life a lot easier for the disabled. 数字技术让残疾人的生活轻松了许多。 【用法详解】 make 的使役用法 ① make + 宾语 + 形容词：使……变得…… Digital technology makes life easier. The news made him happy. ② make + 宾语 + 名词：使……成为…… We made him our monitor. ③ make + 宾语 + 动词原形 (do)：让某人做某事（被动语态中要加 to，即 be made to do）。 The teacher made us read the text aloud. He was made to clean the room. ④ the + adj. 表示一类人。the disabled (残疾人), the blind (盲人), the old (老年人)。 【即时训练】 （1）The smart walking stick makes the blind ______ (walk) safely. （2）The movie made me ______ (feel) sad. （3）The boss made the workers ______ (work) 12 hours a day. （4）被动句转换：The workers were made ______ (work) 12 hours a day. 答案：（1）walk （2）feel （3）work （4）to work 9. I'd like to make a complaint about the laptop I bought last week. 我想投诉我上周买的那台笔记本电脑。 【用法详解】 提出投诉、建议与解决问题 (Making complaints & giving advice) ① 投诉 (Complaining)： I have a problem with... (我的……有问题) I'd like to make a complaint about... (我想投诉……) It keeps shutting down / running out of space / failing to connect. (它总是关机 / 内存不足 / 连接失败) ② 给出建议 (Giving advice)： Have you tried turning it off and on again? (你试过重启吗？) Why don't you update the software / clear out apps? (你为什么不更新软件 / 清理应用呢？) I suggest you (should) check your Wi-Fi. (我建议你检查一下Wi-Fi。) ③ 建议的表达：You should / could do... / How about doing...? / What about doing...? 【即时训练】 （1）—I have a problem ______ my smartphone. —Why ______ you turn it off and on again? （2）I'd like to make a ______ (投诉) about the noise. （3）The phone keeps ______ (freeze). What should I do? （4）I suggest you ______ (clear) out the apps you don't need. 答案：（1）with; don't （2）complaint （3）freezing （4）clear / should clear 10. It is believed that this type of technology will make the lives of blind people safer and easier. 人们相信，这种技术将使盲人的生活更安全、更轻松。 【用法详解】 固定句型 It is believed that... 及不定式作宾语补足语 ① It is believed that... 意为“人们相信……”，it 作形式主语，that 引导主语从句。类似句型有：It is said that... (据说……) / It is reported that... (据报道……)。 ② make + 宾语 + 形容词 (比较级)：使……更……。 make the lives safer and easier (使生活更安全、更容易) ③ make it easier to do sth.：it 是形式宾语，真正的宾语是 to do sth.。 Digital technology makes it easier to share knowledge. (数字技术让分享知识变得更容易) 【即时训练】 （1）______ is said that he is a famous writer. （2）The internet makes it easier ______ (communicate) with friends. （3）It is ______ (report) that the new bridge will open next month. 答案：（1）It （2）to communicate （3）reported 基础固本练（限时：25分钟） 一、单词拼写 1．Mary ________ (鼓励) me to work hard for the match. 【答案】encourages 【详解】句意：玛丽鼓励我为了比赛要刻苦努力。根据汉语提示，encourage动词，鼓励。句子主语是Mary，第三人称单数，谓语动词用三单。故填encourages。 2．It’s hot today. Do you want to swim in the ________ (池子)？ 【答案】pool 【详解】句意：今天很热。你想在游泳池里游泳吗？池子：pool，可数名词，根据句意可知此处用单数形式。故填pool。 3．Sandy is always full of _______ (活力). 【答案】energy 【详解】句意：Sandy总是充满活力。根据汉语提示可知，句子缺少“活力”，英文表达为energy，不可数名词。故填energy。 4．Mobile __________ (支付) is faster than cash.   【答案】payment 【详解】句意：移动支付比现金支付更快。根据“Mobile ... (支付) is faster than cash.”及汉语提示可知，此处需填写名词作主语。“支付”的英文表达为payment，mobile payment意为“移动支付”，符合句子结构和语义。故填payment。 5．A good breakfast gives us much ________ (能量) to start a day. 【答案】energy 【详解】句意：一顿丰盛的早餐能给我们充沛的能量开始新的一天。energy“能量”，在动词后作宾语，故填energy。 6．Most students ________ (同意) that time is one of the most valuable things in the world. 【答案】agree 【详解】句意：大多数学生同意时间是世界上最有价值的东西之一。根据“Most students…that time is one of the most valuable things…”可知，此处缺少谓语动词，“同意”对应的动词是agree。句子描述一般事实，时态为一般现在时，主语Most students是复数，动词用原形，故填agree。 7．One ________ (好处) of walking is to be in good shape. 【答案】advantage/benefit 【详解】句意：走路的好处之一是保持好身材。由所给的汉语可知，advantage和benefit都是“好处”的意思，名词。one后接单数名词。故填advantage/benefit。 8．Parents send their students to this school to get good ________ (教育). 【答案】education 【详解】句意：家长把他们的学生送到这所学校接受良好的教育。education“教育”，在此为不可数名词，作宾语。故填education。 9．—Who is the ________ of the house? (own) —My aunt. She bought it last year. 【答案】owner 【详解】句意：——这房子的主人是谁？——我姑姑。她去年买的。根据答语“My aunt. She bought it last year.”可知，此处询问房主，owner“主人”符合。故填owner。 10．The company tried to reduce the ________ to customers during the system upgrade. (convenient) 【答案】inconvenience 【详解】句意：系统升级期间，该公司尽力降低给客户造成的不便。根据“reduce the ... to customers”及所给词可知，是减少给顾客带来的不便，the后需跟名词作reduce的宾语，因此需将convenient转换为表示“不便”的不可数名词inconvenience。 11．—When will your brother arrive? —I don’t know. He will give me a call as soon as he ________ (get) off the train. 【答案】gets 【详解】句意：——你哥哥什么时候到？——我不知道。他一下火车就会给我打电话。as soon as意为“一……就……”，在其引导的时间状语从句中，当主句采用一般将来时，从句应用一般现在时，从句主语he为第三人称单数，故填gets。 12．The light in the office is still on. He forgot ________ (turn) it off. 【答案】to turn 【详解】句意：办公室里的灯还亮着。他忘记关灯了。根据“The light in the office is still on.”可知，此处是指忘记关灯，关灯这件事还未做，用forget to do sth“忘记去做某事”，空处用不定式作宾语。故填to turn。 13．Did the English teacher give you any ________ (suggest)? 【答案】suggestions 【详解】句意：英语老师给你什么建议了吗？“any”后接可数名词复数或不可数名词，“suggest”是动词，其名词形式“suggestion”为可数名词，需用复数形式“suggestions”。故填suggestions。 14．Our teachers often _________ us to face the challenges bravely. (courage) 【答案】encourage 【详解】句意：我们的老师经常鼓励我们勇敢地面对挑战。根据“Our teachers often…us to face the challenges bravely. (courage)”可知，此处是指老师经常鼓励我们，应用名词courage的动词形式encourage表示“鼓励”，主语为复数，时态为一般现在时，应用动词原形。故填encourage。 15．They aren’t allowed to buy ________ that are harmful to the environment. (produce) 【答案】products 【详解】句意：他们不被允许购买对环境有害的产品。product“产品”符合语境，结合are可知，名词用复数。故填products。 16．The doctor says lifestyle changes should be part of the _______ (treat). 【答案】treatment 【详解】句意：医生说，生活方式的改变应该是治疗的一部分。根据“be part of the”可知，此处需要名词，treatment“治疗”，不可数名词，故填treatment。 17．There is much useful________ (inform) on this app. 【答案】information 【详解】句意：这个应用程序上有很多有用的信息。空格前much修饰不可数名词，形容词useful后面需要填入名词形式。动词inform的名词形式是information，且information是不可数名词，符合much的用法要求。故填information。 18．The dish would be more delicious with a ________ (salt) sauce. 【答案】salty 【详解】句意：这道菜用咸味酱汁会更美味。空后的“sauce”是名词，需要用形容词来修饰，salt是名词，意为 “盐”，其形容词形式是salty，意为“咸的”，符合语境。故填salty。 二、完成句子 19．They had finished the project before the deadline. (对划线部分提问) ________ had they finished the project? 【答案】When 【详解】句意：他们在截止日期前完成了这个项目。划线部分“before the deadline”是时间，对其提问应用疑问词when“什么时候”。故填When。 20．There is little water in the bottle.（改为反意疑问句） There is little water in the bottle, ________ ________? 【答案】 is there 【详解】句意：瓶子里几乎没有水了。 瓶子里几乎没有水了，是吗？根据分析原句可知，原句是there be句型，be动词是is，该为反意疑问句，遵循“前肯后否，前否后肯”的原则，little“几乎没有”，表示否定，所以陈述部分是否定，疑问部分要用肯定结构为：is there。故填is；there。 21．水非常有用。在家里，我们用水做饭、洗衣服或打扫卫生。 Water ________ very ________. At home, we ________ water ________ ________, do ________ or cleaning. 【答案】 is useful use to cook washing 【详解】分析题干可知，两句都用一般现在时。第一句对应英文主系表结构，主语“water”为不可数名词，动词用单数形式“is”，形容词“useful”表示“有用的”，做表语；use sth to do意为”使用某物做某事“，to do作目的状语；we为复数，use意为“使用”，用动词原形；to cook意为“去做饭”，作目的状语；do washing意为“洗衣服”，washing为动名词，作宾语。故填is；useful；use；to；cook；washing。 22．She was reading a book while her sister was watching TV. (改为一般疑问句) ________ she ________ a book while her sister was watching TV? 【答案】 Was reading 【详解】句意：她的姐姐在看电视时，她正在看书。此题要求改为一般疑问句，就是把was提前，首字母大写。后面的不变。故填Was；reading。 23．He turned off the light after he finished his task. (保持句意不变) He ________ turn off the light ________ he finished his task. 【答案】 didn’t until 【详解】句意：他在完成任务后才关灯。根据“He turned off the light after he finished his task.”可知，他完成任务后关灯，即“他一直没有关灯，一直到他完成了任务”，可用not...until...“直到……才……”，此处应是did not的缩写didn’t。故填didn’t；until。 24．Lucy will make a phone call to her friend. Lucy will get off the plane. (用 as soon as合并为一句) Lucy ________________________________________. 【答案】Lucy will make a phone call to her friend as soon as she gets off the plane 【详解】句意：露西会打电话给她的朋友。露西会下飞机。句子为一般将来时，用as soon as合并为一句话，即用as soon as引导时间状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，且从句主语Lucy为避免重复替换为she,从句谓语动词用第三人称单数形式gets。故填Lucy will make a phone call to her friend as soon as she gets off the plane。 25．她小心翼翼地把剪刀递给她的同学做艺术作业。 She __________ her classmate for the art project. 【答案】carefully handed a pair of scissors to 【详解】根据中英文对应可知，需要翻译“小心翼翼地把剪刀递给”，carefully“小心翼翼地”，hand sth to sb“把某物递给某人”，a pair of“一把”，scissors“剪刀”，句子为一般过去时，hand用过去式handed。故填carefully handed a pair of scissors to。 26．The technician fixed the network. We could connect the internet.（合并为一句） We couldn’t connect the internet ________ the technician ________ the network. 【答案】 until fixed 【详解】句意：技术人员修好了网络，我们才能连接互联网。合并后需表达“直到技术人员修好了网络，我们才能连接互联网”，用“not...until...”结构。主句用否定形式“couldn’t connect”，从句时态与原句一致，用一般过去时“fixed”。故填until；fixed。 27．The population of my hometown is 300 million now. (对画线部分提问) ________ the ________ of your hometown now? 【答案】 What’s population 【详解】句意：我家乡现在的人口是3亿。划线部分“300 million”表示人口数量，对人口提问的固定句型为“What’s the population of...?”意为“……的人口是多少？”句首单词首字母大写，故填What’s；population。 28．Water is very important to us.（改为感叹句） ________ ________ water is to us! 【答案】 How important 【详解】句意：水对我们来说很重要。改为感叹句，中心词是形容词important，应用how引导感叹句，结构为“How+形容词+主谓”，故填How；important。 三、翻译 29．当我们在线购物时，需要保护好银行卡信息。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】When we shop online, we need to protect our bank card information. 【详解】根据汉语意思可知，本句为一般现在时的肯定句，表示一种普遍事实。When引导时间状语从句，When we shop online表示“当我们在网上购物时”；we为主语；need to protect为谓语，表示“需要保护”；our bank card information“我们的银行卡信息”，作protect的宾语。句意完整，语法正确。故填When we shop online, we need to protect our bank card information. 30．工厂被要求处理废弃化学品，以避免它们污染附近的河流和土壤。 ________________________________________ 【答案】The factory was asked to deal with waste chemicals to prevent them from polluting the nearby rivers and soil. 【详解】“工厂被要求”译为“The factory was asked to”，句子是被动语态 (“被要求”)，英语用“be asked to do sth.” 结构，主语“工厂”是单数，结合语境用一般过去时的被动“was asked”；“处理废弃化学品”译为“deal with waste chemicals”，其中“处理”用固定搭配“deal with”，“废弃化学品”对应“waste chemicals”；“以避免它们污染附近的河流和土壤”译为“to prevent them from polluting the nearby rivers and soil”，其中“以避免”表示目的，用不定式“to”引出，“避免某人/某物做某事”是固定搭配“prevent...from doing sth.”，“附近的”用“nearby”，修饰“rivers and soil”。故填The factory was asked to deal with waste chemicals to prevent them from polluting the nearby rivers and soil. 31．成立河流清理小组能帮助保护水源。 _________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Starting river clean-up groups can help protect water sources. 【详解】成立：start；河流清理小组：river clean-up group，此处表示泛指，用名词复数，用groups；此处用动名词短语作主语；能：can，情态动词后加动词原形；帮助做某事：help do sth.；保护：protect；水源：water sources。故填Starting river clean-up groups can help protect water sources. 32．传播节水理念对保护水资源很重要。 _________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Spreading water-saving ideas is very important for protecting water resources. 【详解】“传播”spread，此处用其动名词形式“Spreading”作主语；“节水理念”water-saving ideas；“对……很重要”be very important for；“保护水资源”protect water resources，此处用其动名词形式“protecting water resources”作介词for的宾语。故填Spreading water-saving ideas is very important for protecting water resources. 33．当我们使用公共WiFi时，个人信息可能会被泄露。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Our personal information may be leaked when we use public WiFi. 【详解】根据汉语提示可知，该句为含有时间状语从句的复合句，描述一般性情况，主从句均用一般现在时。“当……时”用“when”引导时间状语从句，从句主语“我们”是“we”，谓语动词“使用”用“use”，“公共WiFi”表达为“public WiFi”；主句中“个人信息”是“personal information”，为不可数名词，“我们的”用形容词性物主代词“our”修饰；“可能会被泄露”表被动含义，用“may be+过去分词”结构，“泄露”的过去分词是“leaked”。故填Our personal information may be leaked when we use public WiFi. 综合进阶练（限时：20分钟） 一、完形填空 Information will soon be so easy to find on the internet that people will not need to remember anything. Do you agree? Nowadays all the information we could ever need is available online and some people say that means the end of having to learn anything. It is true that those days everything you want to know is a few clicks away as long as you have internet access. 1 , not everyone has working internet all the time, for example in certain buildings or remote locations, so we do need to be able to remember information. Moreover, it takes time to look up everything you need to know online, while remembering something is 2 . The human memory is a much more efficient system. Another problem is the 3 of the information online. How do we know if it is accurate or reliable? We need to think about other facts we know and remember how to 4 information from different websites. Knowing (and remembering) how to find certain information will be more important than knowing the information itself. Finally, the internet is a good tool but it cannot take the place of our 5 . If we did not remember anything, we would all spend even more time on our phones and computers than we already do, which is not good for society. In conclusion, the internet offers us many things but it is still important to use our knowledge and memories. We need our memories to function without the internet and we also need to know how to use the internet 6 . 1．A．At first B．What’s more C．However D．After all 2．A．impossible B．immediate C．basic D．essential 3．A．protection B．amount C．development D．quality 4．A．compare B．collect C．recognize D．process 5．A．traditions B．brains C．education D．knowledge 6．A．safely B．regularly C．properly D．happily 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．B 6．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章围绕信息在互联网上极易获取这一现象展开讨论，探讨了人们是否因此不再需要记忆任何东西这一问题。 【详解】1．句意：然而，并不是每个人都能一直使用互联网，例如在某些建筑物或偏远地区，所以我们确实需要能够记住信息。 at first起初；what's more而且；however然而；after all毕竟。根据上文“It is true that those days everything you want to know is a few clicks away as long as you have internet access.”和“not everyone has working internet all the time”可知，前面说的是在有互联网的情况下，信息很容易获取，但这里提到了并不是所有人都能一直使用互联网，存在转折关系。故选C。 2．句意：此外，在网上查找你需要知道的一切都需要时间，而记住一些事情是即时的。 impossible不可能的；immediate即时的；basic基本的；essential必要的。根据上文“it takes time to look up everything you need to know online”和“while remembering something”可知，在网上查找信息需要时间，而记住信息是很快就能做到的。故选B。 3．句意：另一个问题是网上信息的质量。 protection保护；amount数量；development发展；quality质量。根据下文“How do we know if it is accurate or reliable?”可知，这里说的是网上信息的准确性和可靠性，也就是信息的质量问题。故选D。 4．句意：我们需要思考我们知道的其他事实，并记住如何比较来自不同网站的信息。 compare比较；collect收集；recognize识别；process处理。根据下文“information from different websites”可知，这里说的是要对来自不同网站的信息进行比较，以判断其准确性和可靠性。故选A。 5．句意：最后，互联网是一个很好的工具，但它不能取代我们的大脑。 traditions传统；brains大脑；education教育；knowledge知识。根据下文“If we did not remember anything, we would all spend even more time on our phones and computers than we already do, which is not good for society.”可知，如果我们不记住任何东西，就会过度依赖手机和电脑，这对社会是不利的，说明互联网不能取代我们的大脑。故选B。 6．句意：我们需要我们的记忆在没有互联网的情况下发挥作用，我们也需要知道如何正确地使用互联网。 safely安全地；regularly定期地；properly正确地；happily快乐地。根据上文“We need our memories to function without the internet”可知，我们需要正确地使用互联网，以充分发挥其作用。故选C。 二、阅读理解 As we all know, the earth is in bad condition now. Luckily, we human beings have realized the problem. Something must be done to stop pollution. It’s our duty to protect our Mother Earth. In order to live a better life, in September 1969, at a conference in Seattle, Washington, Senator Gaylord Nelson announced that in the spring of 1970, there would be a nationwide environmental activity. That was the concept (概念) of Earth Day. “It was a wish,” he recalls, “but it worked.” On April 22nd, 1970, World Earth Day was first observed. That day, 20 million people attended the movement in the US. On April 22, 1990, more than 200 million people in 141 countries took part in Earth Day celebrations. Earth Day 2007 was one of the largest Earth Days. Billions of people around the world took part in Earth Day events. More than 40,000 people show up for Earth Day festivities at Chicago’s Lincoln Park Zoo, setting a single-day attendance record. People who have been fighting against oil spills, polluting factories, power plants and the loss of wilderness unite (联合) on Earth Day. If everyone makes a contribution to environmental protection, the world will become much more beautiful. In a word, if everyone pays more attention to our environment, there will be less pollution and our life will be better. There is only one earth. I hope everyone will protect our earth well. We should act like a civilized person: do not spit, do not litter, care for trees and plants… Let’s join hands to save the earth! Remember: Everyday is Earth Day! 7．Where was the concept of Earth Day announced? A．In Spain. B．In Chicago. C．In Seattle. D．In London. 8．When was the first World Earth Day celebrated? A．On April 22nd, 1969. B．On April 22nd, 1970. C．On April 22nd, 1990. D．On April 22nd, 2007. 9．The passage may come from ________. A．a guidebook B．a science newspaper C．an environmental magazine D．a storybook 10．What’s the best title of the passage? A．The Environment B．Earth Day C．The Pollution D．Environment Day 【答案】7．C 8．B 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了世界地球日的起源、发展及其重要意义，呼吁人们保护地球环境。 【详解】7．细节理解题。根据“in September 1969, at a conference in Seattle, Washington, Senator Gaylord Nelson announced that in the spring of 1970, there would be a nationwide environmental activity.”可知，1969年9月，参议员盖洛德·尼尔森在华盛顿州西雅图的一次会议上宣布了地球日的概念。故选C。 8．细节理解题。根据“On April 22nd, 1970, World Earth Day was first observed.”可知，第一个世界地球日是在1970年4月22日庆祝的。故选B。 9．推理判断题。文章围绕地球日的起源、发展和环保主题展开，内容与环境保护相关，因此最可能出自环境类杂志。故选C。 10．最佳标题题。全文围绕地球日的背景、活动和意义展开，核心主题是“地球日”。故选B。 World Water Day 2025 World Water Day falls on 22nd March every year. It is a day to think about why we need water and how to save it. World Water Day has a different theme each year. The theme for World Water Day 2025 is “Glacier Preservation (保护)”. Glaciers are large pieces of ice. It is important we look after them and stop them from melting (融化). They help to keep our planet cool and we get lots of our water from them.Why Is Water Important? Water is very important to all life. Humans, animals and plants would die (死亡) without it. More than half of your body is water! We need water to drink. We also use water for washing our clothes, brushing our teeth, cooking and many other things. All plants need water to grow as well.How can we make a difference? Saving water, such as by having showers instead of baths and turning off the tap while brushing teeth. Collect rainwater for watering plants. Wear clothes more before washing them. On World Water Day, we think about all the ways that we use water and how we can use it as little as possible. We remember not to waste water and learn how to save water in our daily life. 11．When is the World Water Day? A．22nd May B．21st March C．22nd March D．25th May 12．What is the theme for World Water Day this year? A．Glacier Preservation. B．Peaceful Water. C．Water for Peace. D．Every Drop Counts. 13．What does “them” in paragraph 2 refer to (指的是)? A．Ice B．Lakes C．Glaciers D．Rivers 14．Which of these is NOT a way to help make a difference? A．Having baths instead of showers. B．Wearing clothes more before washing. C．Collecting water to water flowers. D．Turning off the tap while brushing teeth. 15．What is the purpose (目的) of World Water Day? A．Learn about the importance of water. B．Have fun playing with water. C．Keep our clothes clean and tidy. D．Drink more water than before. 【答案】11．C 12．A 13．C 14．A 15．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了2025世界水日。 【详解】11．细节理解题。根据“World Water Day falls on 22nd March every year.”可知，世界水日在每年的3月22日。故选C。 12．细节理解题。根据“The theme for World Water Day 2025 is ‘Glacier Preservation (保护)’.”可知，2025年世界水日的主题是“冰川保护”。故选A。 13．词句猜测题。根据“Glaciers are large pieces of ice. It is important we look after them and stop them from melting (融化).”可知，冰川是大块的冰，重要的是我们要照顾好它们，防止它们融化。由此可推测“them”指代前文提到的“Glaciers”。故选C。 14．推理判断题。根据“Saving water, such as by having showers instead of baths...”可知，节约用水的方法包括“用淋浴代替浴缸洗澡”。故选A。 15．主旨大意题。根据“World Water Day... is a day to think about why we need water and how to save it.”及全文内容可知，世界水日的目的是让人们了解水的重要性并学会节约用水。故选A。 三、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 ChatGPT is a chatbot (聊天程序). OpenAI created it. Since last year, the company 16 (become) one of the world’s fifty most-visited. 17 people ask a question online, they will get the answer to it from the chatbot. The answer reads like an essay (文章). A growing number of 18 (teacher) say it’s too late to keep AI out of their classrooms. In a recent survey, 93% of teachers said they heard of ChatGPT, and 33% used it to think of 19 (create) ideas for classes. In Washington, students used the programme to help 20 their math. In London, a teacher used ChatGPT to simplify (简化) texts for students whose English is not good enough. ChatGPT doesn’t always get things right. But teachers say this can give a way to make students become more interested in study. Some teachers ask students 21 (check) those essays. Sarah Millard, 22 teacher in Rochester, had students critique (评论) a ChatGPT essay on Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet. She said students 23 (enjoy) it a lot. Some educators say it would be unfair to other students if teachers let some students use AI to do 24 (them) schoolwork. It’s not clear how AI will change schooling. One thing is certain: There’s no substitute (替代) for human connection. One teacher says, “I high-fived my students. I cried with my students. A computer will never do that. For the chatbot, the key is to use it 25 (correct).” 【答案】 16．has become 17．When/If 18．teachers 19．creative 20．with 21．to check 22．a 23．enjoyed 24．their 25．correctly 【导语】本文介绍了ChatGPT的功能，讲述其走进校园被师生使用的情况，也提及它的不足与使用价值，指出合理使用是关键且人机联结无可替代。 【详解】16．句意：自去年以来，该公司已成为全球访问量前五十的公司之一。根据“Since last year”可知，句子要用现在完成时，结构为have/has+过去分词，主语the company是单数，become的过去分词是become。故填has become。 17．句意：当/如果人们在网上提出一个问题时，他们会从这个聊天程序中得到答案。根据“people ask a question online, they will get the answer to it from the chatbot”可知，此处可引导时间状语从句表“当……时”，也可引导条件状语从句表“如果”，用When/If均可，句首首字母大写。故填When/If。 18．句意：越来越多的老师表示，阻止人工智能进入课堂已经太晚了。根据“A growing number of”可知，后接可数名词复数形式，teacher的复数是teachers。故填teachers。 19．句意：在最近的一项调查中，93%的教师表示听说过ChatGPT，33%的教师用它来为课堂构思有创意的想法。根据“to think of...ideas for classes”可知，此处修饰名词ideas，需要用形容词，create的形容词形式是creative。故填creative。 20．句意：在华盛顿，学生们用这个程序来帮助自己学习数学。固定搭配“help with sth.”表示“帮助做某事”，此处填介词with。故填with。 21．句意：一些老师让学生检查这些文章。固定搭配“ask sb. to do sth.”表示“让某人做某事”，此处填check的动词不定式形式to check。故填to check。 22．句意：罗切斯特的一位教师萨拉·米勒德让学生们评论了一篇由ChatGPT写的关于莎士比亚《罗密欧与朱丽叶》的文章。根据“Sarah Millard...teacher in Rochester”可知，此处表示“一位教师”，teacher是以辅音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词a。故填a。 23．句意：她说学生们非常喜欢这个活动。根据前文的had可知，句子时态为一般过去时，enjoy的过去式是enjoyed。故填enjoyed。 24．句意：一些教育工作者表示，如果老师允许一些学生使用人工智能做他们的作业，这对其他学生是不公平的。根据“use AI to do...schoolwork.”可知，此处修饰名词schoolwork，需要用形容词性物主代词，them的形容词性物主代词是their。故填their。 25．句意：对于这个聊天程序来说，关键是正确地使用它。根据“the key is to use it”可知，此处修饰动词use，需要用副词，correct的副词形式是correctly。故填correctly。 四、任务型阅读 阅读下面短文，然后回答问题。 Water is not only important for our life but also plays a significant role in nature. The water cycle is a continuous process that includes evaporation, condensation, and precipitation. When the sun heats the water in oceans, lakes, and rivers, it turns into water vapour and goes up into the air. As the water vapour cools down, it turns into tiny water droplets, forming clouds. Then, the water droplets fall back to the Earth as rain, snow, or hail. The water cycle is very important for our environment. It helps to regulate the Earth’s temperature and provides fresh water for plants, animals, and humans. However, human activities can have an impact on the water cycle. For example, deforestation can reduce the amount of water that is absorbed by the soil and evaporated into the air. Climate change can also cause changes in precipitation patterns, leading to more floods or droughts in some areas. 26．Please give a brief summary of the water cycle process. (No less than 40 words) 27．According to the passage, analyze the impact of human activities on the water cycle. (No less than 40 words) 28．As a middle school student, what can you do to protect the water cycle? Please put forward two suggestions. (No less than 40 words) 【答案】26．The water cycle is a continuous process including evaporation, condensation and precipitation. The sun heats water in oceans, lakes and rivers, turning it into water vapour that rises into the air. When the water vapour cools, it becomes tiny water droplets to form clouds, and then the droplets fall back to the Earth as rain, snow or hail. 27．Human activities can affect the water cycle. Deforestation, a human activity, reduces the amount of water absorbed by the soil and evaporated into the air. Besides, climate change caused by human activities can change precipitation patterns, which leads to more floods or droughts in some areas. 28．As a middle school student, first, we can save water in daily life, like turning off the tap in time when washing hands and reusing water for watering plants, to reduce water waste and maintain the water balance of the water cycle. Second, we can take part in tree-planting activities, because trees help the soil absorb water and promote evaporation, which is good for protecting the water cycle. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了水对生命和自然的重要性，详细阐述了水循环的过程，说明水循环对环境的作用，并指出人类活动对水循环的影响。 26．根据“The water cycle is a continuous process that includes evaporation, condensation, and precipitation. When the sun heats the water in oceans, lakes, and rivers, it turns into water vapour and goes up into the air. As the water vapour cools down, it turns into tiny water droplets, forming clouds. Then, the water droplets fall back to the Earth as rain, snow, or hail.”可知，水循环是包含蒸发、凝结和降水的持续过程，太阳加热江河湖海中的水使其变成水蒸气升入空中，水蒸气冷却后形成小水滴构成云，随后水滴以雨、雪或冰雹的形式落回地球，故填The water cycle is a continuous process including evaporation, condensation and precipitation. The sun heats water in oceans, lakes and rivers, turning it into water vapour that rises into the air. When the water vapour cools, it becomes tiny water droplets to form clouds, and then the droplets fall back to the Earth as rain, snow or hail. 27．根据“However, human activities can have an impact on the water cycle. For example, deforestation can reduce the amount of water that is absorbed by the soil and evaporated into the air. Climate change can also cause changes in precipitation patterns, leading to more floods or droughts in some areas.”可知，人类活动会对水循环产生影响，比如砍伐森林会减少土壤吸收和蒸发到空气中的水量，气候变化还会改变降水模式，导致部分地区出现更多洪水或干旱，故填Human activities can affect the water cycle. Deforestation, a human activity, reduces the amount of water absorbed by the soil and evaporated into the air. Besides, climate change caused by human activities can change precipitation patterns, which leads to more floods or droughts in some areas. 28．根据文章中人类活动对水循环的影响，结合中学生的实际能力，可从节约水资源、参与植树造林等方面提出建议。比如，作为中学生，我们可以节约用水，如及时关闭水龙头、循环利用水资源，减少水资源浪费以维持水循环的水量平衡；还可以参与植树活动，树木有助于土壤吸收水分，促进蒸发，从而保护水循环，故填As a middle school student, first, we can save water in daily life, like turning off the tap in time when washing hands and reusing water for watering plants, to reduce water waste and maintain the water balance of the water cycle. Second, we can take part in tree-planting activities, because trees help the soil absorb water and promote evaporation, which is good for protecting the water cycle. 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $