Unit 1 Water 环境保护（单元阅读精练）英语新教材沪教版五四学制八年级上册

**基本信息** 以“水”为主题，融合环境保护与文化内涵，通过多样体裁语篇系统训练语言能力，兼顾思维品质与文化意识培养。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |时文阅读|2篇阅读理解（说明文/议论文）|聚焦主旨归纳、细节理解，含词义猜测题|从鄱阳湖水资源短缺（现实问题）到老子“上善若水”（文化启示），构建“现象-对策-价值”逻辑链| |实战演练|完形填空2篇、阅读理解1篇、综合填空1篇、阅读回答1篇|覆盖语篇补全、信息提取、综合表达，体裁以说明文为主|围绕水的循环、瓶装水争议、健康饮水误区、冰川消融，形成“自然科学-社会问题-健康生活”知识网络|

Unit 1 Water 环境保护 单元阅读精练 版块 题型 语篇名称 体裁 词数 主旨内容 时文阅读 阅读理解 Passage A 说明文 188 以鄱阳湖水位下降为例，讲述全球水资源短缺严峻形势，从政府、农民、普通人角度提出对策，呼吁节约用水。 Passage B 议论文 212 解读老子 “上善若水”，学习水无私奉献、低调谦逊的美德，给出处世做人的启示。 实战演练 完形填空 Passage 1 科普 记叙文 201 介绍自然界水滴循环过程，告诫水资源并非无限，呼吁保护水资源。 Passage 2 说明文 192 介绍瓶装水起源、流行原因，指出瓶装水并不优于自来水，生产瓶装水消耗大量水资源。 阅读理解 / 说明文 240 纠正 “每天八杯水” 的误区，说明身体口渴信号与肾脏的调节功能。 综合填空 / 说明文 225 讲述喜马拉雅冰川加速消融，威胁亚洲大河水源，影响数亿人生产生活。 阅读回答 问题 / 说明文 230 复述瓶装水流行现状，对比自来水与瓶装水，劝导优先使用自来水。 Passage A The water level of Poyang Lake ( China's largest fresh-water lake)was going down because the temperature was high and there was little rain this summer. The lake entered the dry season earlier than before. The fishermen could no longer make a living, and people living nearby faced water shortages(短缺). You are wrong if you think this will not happen again. Two-thirds of China's cities now face water shortages. And about 300 million people living in the countryside drink unhealthy water. What's worse. about half of the world's population could be short of water by 2030. Think about our future life and our children. We should try to make the world a better place. To deal with the problem, people should use water in a sustainable way.Farmers should learn to use good irrigation technologies(灌溉技术).And also, governments should improve water quality and better purify polluted water(净化污水). How can we help?It's easy:do not waste(浪费) even a drop of water! For example, close the tap(水龙头)while you are brushing your teeth and don't pour out(倒掉) water right now. If we can follow this, we will have a better future. 1.How does the writer lead in the topic(导入话题)？ A. By giving numbers. B. By showing pictures. C. By asking a question. D. By giving an example. 2.What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us? A. Water shortages will not happen again. B. Two-thirds of China's cities have enough water. C. Water shortages around the world are terrible. D. About half of the population of China drinks unhealthy water. 3.The underlined word “sustainable”in Paragraph 3 means “____ ”。 A.可持续的 B.方便的C.一次性的 D. 快捷的 4.What can people do to help deal with water shortages? ① Drink more healthy water. ② Pour out the used water in time. ③ Use good irrigation technologies. ④ Close the tap while brushing teeth. A.①② B.②④ C.③④ D.①③ 5.The writer wrote this passage to A. ask people to save water B. talk about some pollution problems C. tell us why water shortages happen D. show the importance of Poyang Lake 【译文】 鄱阳湖（中国最大的淡水湖）的水位正在下降，因为今年夏天气温高，雨水少。和从前相比，鄱阳湖提前进入了旱季。渔民们无法再以渔业谋生，住在附近的人也面临着水资源短缺的问题。 如果你认为这种情况不会再发生了的话，那你就错了。中国三分之二的城市现在都面临水资源短缺的问题。大约有3亿生活在农村的人饮用不健康的水。更糟糕的是，到2030年，世界上大约一半的人口可能会缺水。 想想我们的未来和我们的孩子。我们应该努力使世界变得更美好。为了应对这个问题，人们应该以可持续的方式使用水。农民们应该学习使用先进的灌溉技术。还有，政府应该改善水质并更好地净化污水。 那我们能做点什么呢？很简单：不要浪费哪怕一滴水！比如，在刷牙的时候关闭水龙头，不要马上倒掉使用过的水。如果能做到这一点，我们将拥抱更好的未来。 【语篇解读】 本文以鄱阳湖为例，介绍了目前中国三分之二的城市都面临水资源短缺的问题，全球形势看起来更为严峻。为了解决这个问题，我们所有人都应该尽我们最大的努力节约用水。 Passage B What is the best virtue（美德）What can we learn from water? Laozi, a famous Chinese thinker who lived around 2,500 years ago, might give us an answer. 上善若水。水善利万物而不争，处众人之所恶，故几于道。 ——《道德经》 The top goodness is like water, benefiting all, cont tending with none, and is content with all that others disdain. Therefore, it is close to the Word. ——The Word and the World (Translated by Zhao Yanchun) Laozi tells us that the top character is just like water. All life in the world cannot live without water, but water never asks for anything in return. It just keeps giving quietly. Also, water often stays where people don't like. This kind of low profile（低姿态）makes water the closest to the law of the universe. It seems that we have always taken characters like bravery and strength as great virtues, but we should not forget what water has taught us. In dealing with people, we can act like water. Do our best to help others without trying to get anything back. At the same time, stay humble. It's unwise（不明智的）to always talk about the favors（恩惠 we have done for others. Even if no one cares about us in a difficult situation, we need to stay cool. After all, water doesn't choose where to be, and it just runs to where it is needed. 1.How does the writer start the passage? A. By listing numbers. B. By asking questions. C. By telling stories. D. By giving examples. 2.What has water taught us according to o Paragraph 2? ① Keep low profiles. ② Be brave. ③ Give quietly. ④ Ask for nothing in return. A. ①②③ B. ②③④ C.①②④ D. ①③④ 3.Which of the following may the writer agree with? A. Don't ask others for help. B. Always say good words to others. C. Stay excited when you are in a difficult situation. D. Don't always talk about the favors you have done for others. 4.What's the best title for the passage? A. Like Water The Best Virtue B.Goodness The Word and the World C.LaoziosA Famous Thinker in China D.Zhao Yan chun A Chinese Translator 【译文】 什么是最好的美德？我们能从水中学到什么？约2500年前的中国著名思想家老子或许能给我们答案。 上善若水。水善利万物而不争，处众人之所恶，故几于道。 ——《道德经》 The top goodness is like water, benefiting all, contending with none, and is content with all that others disdain. Therefore, it is close to the Word. ——The Word and the World （赵彦春译） 老子告诉我们，上善若水。世间万物离不开水，但水从不要求任何回报，只是默默地给予。此外，水常常停留在人们不喜欢的地方。这种低调，使水最接近宇宙法则。我们似乎总是把勇敢和力量这样的特质视为伟大的美德，但我们不应该忘记水教会我们的道理。 在与人相处时，我们可以像水一样。尽我们最大的努力帮助他人，不图任何回报。同时，要保持谦逊。总是谈论我们为别人做过的事是不明智的。即使在困境中没有人关心我们，我们也要保持冷静。毕竟，水不会选择去哪里，它只会流向需要它的地方。 一、完形填空 Choose the best answer（选择最恰当的答案） Passage 1 The Amazing Journey of Water Droplets Have you ever wondered how water droplets travel in nature? Water from oceans, lakes, and rivers takes ____1____ heat from the sun and evaporates into the air. When the air gets cold enough, these water vapor form tiny clouds. Soon, the sky is covered ____2____ thick clouds, which are made of lots of small water droplets. ____3____ these droplets become too heavy? They fall as rain! Some rain flows into rivers, and ____4____ soaks into the ground. Plants absorb ____5____ of this water through their roots. People ____6____ water was endless, but now we know we need to save it. ____7____ the climate changes, some places get less rain than before. When water is used, we must clean it ____8____ before returning it to nature. Sometimes, we waste water without realizing it — like letting the tap run for even ____9____ second too long. Leaving water unprotected, we allow pollution to harm it. Over time, clean-water sources may get smaller. We should take action now, until everyone can enjoy clean water every day. Remember, every drop of water is ____10____ precious. Let’s work together to protect it! 1. A. off B. in C. out 2. A. with B. of C. in 3. A. How about B. What if C. Why don’t 4. A. another B. the rest C. the other 5. A. a little B. a few C. little 6. A. used to think B. are used to think C. are used to thinking 7. A. Before B. Until C. As 8. A. safe B. safely C. safety 9. A. a B. the C. / 10. A. anything B. something C. everything Passage 2 Water makes up about sixty percent of your body weight. As a teenager, you should drink 1.4 to 1.9 liters of water every day. Most of us get our water at a low price from our taps. But some people prefer bottled water, ____1____ it costs more. Bottled water first appeared in the United States in the 1760s. A company called Jackson’s Spa bottled and sold mineral water. It said that the water could “produce good effects on people’s bodies”. Since then, bottled water has become more and more ____2____ worldwide. People drink about 10 percent more bottled water every year. In 2019, for the first time, Americans drank more bottled water than soda. Why has bottled water become so popular? Well, this may have something to do with people’s ____3____ about the purity of tap water. According to one survey, 63 percent of Americans worried a lot about the safety of their drinking water. However, research suggests such worries are unnecessary. For most families, bottled water is not better than tap water. ____4____, almost half of all bottled water comes from the tap. (The company may further process it, though) And when it comes to taste, most of us cannot tell the difference. Students at Boston University once conducted a blind taste test. Only a third of the taste-testers were able to correctly ____5____ the tap water from the samples. Making bottled water, however, requires a lot of resources. Plastic bottles are usually used only once before being thrown away. Besides, more water goes into the making of a bottle of water than simply its contents. One study found that on average, companies use 1.39 liters of water to make one liter of bottled water, which means the industry actually ____6____ huge amounts of water. Do you prefer bottled water to tap water? It’s time to change your mind! Bottled water is more expensive. However, it isn’t much better than the water you get from your kitchen tap. 1. A. as B. because C. even though D. once 2. A. popular B. classical C. effective D. excellent 3. A. confidence B. worries C. protection D. misunderstandings 4. A. In addition B. What’s more C. In fact D. However 5. A. pick out B. help out C. work out D. find out 6. A. recycles B. wastes C. purifies D. stores 二、阅读理解 Choose the best answer (根据以下内容，选出最恰当的答案) Nov 5, 2025 Home Products Blog FAQ You’ve probably heard this advice: drink eight glasses of water every day. Well, I’m sorry to say it’s not true. This idea won’t make your skin look bright, help you think better, or give you more energy. There’s a lot of wrong information about this. It’s surprising how many people believe it—you hear it on TV and read it in articles. But it’s not correct. Most of the time, your body will tell you when you need water. Why? Because you have great kidneys (肾) that don’t get enough praise. Kidneys are two organs in your body. Their job is to clean your blood and remove waste. Every day, all the blood in your body flows through your kidneys. Many things influence your body, such as what you eat and drink, the outside temperature, and how much you exercise. If the amount of any substance in your body becomes too high or too low, it can be harmful to you. Luckily, kidneys work hard to keep these substances balanced. So, if you don’t need eight glasses a day, how much water should you drink? The answer is simple: there’s no fixed number. Just drink when you feel thirsty. You can trust your body. Unless you have kidney stones or you’re an old person, you don’t need to check how much water you drink all the time. Here’s something people often forget: almost everything you eat or drink has water. Your morning coffee has water, and your breakfast does too. Snacks like apples, oranges, or a glass of juice are also full of water. So, as long as you pay attention to your thirst, you don’t have to count those eight glasses at all! 1. We can find this article in the ______ section of a newspaper. A. sports B. fashion C. travel D. health 1. Drinking eight glasses of water a day can ______ to your body. A. ease your thirst B. make your skin bright C. make you feel clear-headed D. make you feel more energetic 3. What is NOT the function of the kidneys? A. Removing wastes from the body. B. Cleaning your blood. C. Keeping the substances in balance. D. Making you feel thirsty. 4. Something people often forget is that ______. A. caring about how much water to drink is necessary B. almost everything you eat or drink contains water C. the snack contains no water D. you should not listen to your body’s sense of thirst 5. What’s the best title of the article? A. Drinking as much water as possible B. Drinking water is of great importance C. Why should we drink enough water? D. Is drinking eight glasses of water a day necessary? 三、综合填空 Complete the passage with the given words in their proper forms. 用所给单词的适当形式完成短文。 The Himalayan Mountains have the third ____1____ (large) glaciers (冰川) in the world. But now the first study of this place shows that it lost ____2____ (ton) of ice from 2000 to 2016. “This is the ____3____ (one) overall look at what has exactly happened to glaciers in the Himalayas over a 40-year time,” said the lead ____4____ (write) Joshua Maurer, “Our study shows a huge glacier ice loss because of the rising temperatures from climate change,” Maurer says. “Nearly a quarter of the area’s ice has been lost over the last 40 years. Temperatures in the area have ____5____ (rise) 1℃ higher than those from 1975 to 2000, and one degree is enough to ____6____ (product) such a huge loss.” The ice and snow in the area are the head of Asia’s great rivers. The study does not include the high mountains nearby, but other studies suggest that similar melting is going on there as well. This melting means more floods and glacial lakes. In May 2012, one such flood ____7____ (kill) over 60 people in villages near Pokhara, Nepal. It also pulled down houses in these villages. Besides, around 800 million people depend on rivers from Himalayan glaciers for farming, drinking water and ____8____ (make) electricity. The melting ____9____ (increase) the river water during warm seasons, but scientists say that the river water will become much less in a few years as the glaciers lose ____10____ (rapid). 四、阅读回答问题 Read the passage and complete the tasks (根据短文内容完成任务)（Task1中1-4题每题2分，5-6题每题3分，Task2中7题10分，共24分） Water plays an important role in our daily lives. It makes up about sixty percent of your body weight. Most of us get our water at a low price from the taps. But some people prefer bottled water, even though it costs more. Bottled water first appeared in the United States in the 1760s. A company called Jackson’s Spa sold bottled water. It said that the water could be good for people’s health. Since then, bottled water has become more and more popular worldwide. In 2019, for the first time, Americans drank more bottled water than soda. Why has bottled water become so popular? Well, this may have something to do with people’s worries about the purity (纯净) of tap water. According to one survey, 63 percent of Americans worried a lot about the safety of their drinking water. However, research suggests such worries are unnecessary. For most families, bottled water isn’t better than tap water. In fact, almost half of all bottled water comes from the tap. When it comes to taste, most of us can’t tell the difference. Once a blind taste test was done and only a third of the taste-testers were able to correctly pick out which one was from tap water. Making bottled water, however, requires lots of things. Plastic bottles are usually used only once before being thrown away. Besides, more water goes into the making of a bottle of water. One study found that companies usually use 1.39 litres (升) of water to make one litre of bottled water. Do you prefer bottled water to tap water? It’s time to change your mind! Bottled water is more expensive. However, it isn’t much better than the water you get from your kitchen tap. Task 1: Answer the questions: 1. Bottled water is cheaper than tap water, isn’t it? _____________________________ 2. When did bottled water first appear in America? _____________________________ 3. Why is bottled water popular with Americans? _____________________________ 4. Why was a blind taste test done? _____________________________ 5. How does the writer show the fact that more water goes into the making of a bottle of water? _____________________________ 6. What is the writer’s attitude towards tap water? _____________________________ Task 2: 7. Write more about the advantages of tap water or the disadvantages of bottled water in about 30 words. _____________________________ 1 / 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Water 环境保护 单元阅读精练·参考答案 Passage A 1. D 2. C 3.A 4.C 5.A Passage B 1. B 2.D 3. D 4. A 一、完形填空 Passage 1 1. B 2. A 3. B 4. B 5. A 6. A 7. C 8. B 9. A 10. B Passage 2 1. C 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. A 6. B 二、阅读理解 1. D 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. D 三、综合填空 1. largest 2. tons 3. first 4. writer 5. risen 6. produce 7. killed 8. making 9. increases 10. rapidly 四、阅读回答问题 1. No, it isn’t. 2. In the 1760s. 3. Because people worried about the purity of tap water. 4. To see if most of us can tell the difference between bottled water and tap water in taste. 5. By citing a study. 6. Positive. 7. Tap water is much cheaper, tastes almost the same and causes no plastic pollution, while bottled water wastes resources, creates plastic rubbish and needs extra fuel in transportation. 1 / 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Water 环境保护 单元阅读精练 版块 题型 语篇名称 体裁 词数 主旨内容 时文阅读 阅读理解 Passage A 说明文 188 以鄱阳湖水位下降为例，讲述全球水资源短缺严峻形势，从政府、农民、普通人角度提出对策，呼吁节约用水。 Passage B 议论文 212 解读老子 “上善若水”，学习水无私奉献、低调谦逊的美德，给出处世做人的启示。 实战演练 完形填空 Passage 1 科普 记叙文 201 介绍自然界水滴循环过程，告诫水资源并非无限，呼吁保护水资源。 Passage 2 说明文 192 介绍瓶装水起源、流行原因，指出瓶装水并不优于自来水，生产瓶装水消耗大量水资源。 阅读理解 / 说明文 240 纠正 “每天八杯水” 的误区，说明身体口渴信号与肾脏的调节功能。 综合填空 / 说明文 225 讲述喜马拉雅冰川加速消融，威胁亚洲大河水源，影响数亿人生产生活。 阅读回答 问题 / 说明文 230 复述瓶装水流行现状，对比自来水与瓶装水，劝导优先使用自来水。 Passage A The water level of Poyang Lake ( China's largest fresh-water lake)was going down because the temperature was high and there was little rain this summer. The lake entered the dry season earlier than before. The fishermen could no longer make a living, and people living nearby faced water shortages(短缺). You are wrong if you think this will not happen again. Two-thirds of China's cities now face water shortages. And about 300 million people living in the countryside drink unhealthy water. What's worse. about half of the world's population could be short of water by 2030. Think about our future life and our children. We should try to make the world a better place. To deal with the problem, people should use water in a sustainable way.Farmers should learn to use good irrigation technologies(灌溉技术).And also, governments should improve water quality and better purify polluted water(净化污水). How can we help?It's easy:do not waste(浪费) even a drop of water! For example, close the tap(水龙头)while you are brushing your teeth and don't pour out(倒掉) water right now. If we can follow this, we will have a better future. 1.How does the writer lead in the topic(导入话题)？ A. By giving numbers. B. By showing pictures. C. By asking a question. D. By giving an example. 2.What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us? A. Water shortages will not happen again. B. Two-thirds of China's cities have enough water. C. Water shortages around the world are terrible. D. About half of the population of China drinks unhealthy water. 3.The underlined word “sustainable”in Paragraph 3 means “____ ”。 A.可持续的 B.方便的C.一次性的 D. 快捷的 4.What can people do to help deal with water shortages? ① Drink more healthy water. ② Pour out the used water in time. ③ Use good irrigation technologies. ④ Close the tap while brushing teeth. A.①② B.②④ C.③④ D.①③ 5.The writer wrote this passage to A. ask people to save water B. talk about some pollution problems C. tell us why water shortages happen D. show the importance of Poyang Lake 【译文】 鄱阳湖（中国最大的淡水湖）的水位正在下降，因为今年夏天气温高，雨水少。和从前相比，鄱阳湖提前进入了旱季。渔民们无法再以渔业谋生，住在附近的人也面临着水资源短缺的问题。 如果你认为这种情况不会再发生了的话，那你就错了。中国三分之二的城市现在都面临水资源短缺的问题。大约有3亿生活在农村的人饮用不健康的水。更糟糕的是，到2030年，世界上大约一半的人口可能会缺水。 想想我们的未来和我们的孩子。我们应该努力使世界变得更美好。为了应对这个问题，人们应该以可持续的方式使用水。农民们应该学习使用先进的灌溉技术。还有，政府应该改善水质并更好地净化污水。 那我们能做点什么呢？很简单：不要浪费哪怕一滴水！比如，在刷牙的时候关闭水龙头，不要马上倒掉使用过的水。如果能做到这一点，我们将拥抱更好的未来。 【语篇解读】 本文以鄱阳湖为例，介绍了目前中国三分之二的城市都面临水资源短缺的问题，全球形势看起来更为严峻。为了解决这个问题，我们所有人都应该尽我们最大的努力节约用水。 答案详析 1.D推理判断题。结合全文可知，本文主要介绍了全球面临水资源短缺的问题以及人类应该作出努力来解决这个问题。开头以鄱阳湖为例，是为了引出下文对水资源短缺的介绍，故作者导入话题的方式为举例子。 2. C段落大意题。通读第二段可知，本段主要介绍了目前中国三分之二的城市面临缺水问题。大约有3亿生活在农村的人饮用不健康的水。到2030年，世界上大约一半的人口可能会缺水。由此可知，当前世界各地水资源缺乏的情况非常严重。 3. A词义猜测题。结合画线词所在句的后两句可知，农民们应该学习使用先进的灌溉技术；政府应该改善水质并更好地净化污水。因此可推知此处指为了解决水资源短缺问题，人们应该使用可持续的方式来使用水资源。sustainable意为“可持续的”，符合语境。 4. C细节理解题根据第三段第四句“Farmers should learn to use good irrigation technologies.”及最后一段中的“close the tap while you are brushing your teeth"可知，学习先进的灌溉技术和刷牙的时候关闭水龙头都是帮助解决水资源短缺的措施。故③④项说法正确。 5.A推理判断题。结合全文可知，本文以鄱阳湖为例，介绍了目前水资源短缺的问题及解决问题的方法。故作者写这篇文章的目的是呼吁人们节约用水。 Passage B What is the best virtue（美德）What can we learn from water? Laozi, a famous Chinese thinker who lived around 2,500 years ago, might give us an answer. 上善若水。水善利万物而不争，处众人之所恶，故几于道。 ——《道德经》 The top goodness is like water, benefiting all, cont tending with none, and is content with all that others disdain. Therefore, it is close to the Word. ——The Word and the World (Translated by Zhao Yanchun) Laozi tells us that the top character is just like water. All life in the world cannot live without water, but water never asks for anything in return. It just keeps giving quietly. Also, water often stays where people don't like. This kind of low profile（低姿态）makes water the closest to the law of the universe. It seems that we have always taken characters like bravery and strength as great virtues, but we should not forget what water has taught us. In dealing with people, we can act like water. Do our best to help others without trying to get anything back. At the same time, stay humble. It's unwise（不明智的）to always talk about the favors（恩惠 we have done for others. Even if no one cares about us in a difficult situation, we need to stay cool. After all, water doesn't choose where to be, and it just runs to where it is needed. 1.How does the writer start the passage? A. By listing numbers. B. By asking questions. C. By telling stories. D. By giving examples. 2.What has water taught us according to o Paragraph 2? ① Keep low profiles. ② Be brave. ③ Give quietly. ④ Ask for nothing in return. A. ①②③ B. ②③④ C.①②④ D. ①③④ 3.Which of the following may the writer agree with? A. Don't ask others for help. B. Always say good words to others. C. Stay excited when you are in a difficult situation. D. Don't always talk about the favors you have done for others. 4.What's the best title for the passage? A. Like Water The Best Virtue B.Goodness The Word and the World C.LaoziosA Famous Thinker in China D.Zhao Yan chun A Chinese Translator 【译文】 什么是最好的美德？我们能从水中学到什么？约2500年前的中国著名思想家老子或许能给我们答案。 上善若水。水善利万物而不争，处众人之所恶，故几于道。 ——《道德经》 The top goodness is like water, benefiting all, contending with none, and is content with all that others disdain. Therefore, it is close to the Word. ——The Word and the World （赵彦春译） 老子告诉我们，上善若水。世间万物离不开水，但水从不要求任何回报，只是默默地给予。此外，水常常停留在人们不喜欢的地方。这种低调，使水最接近宇宙法则。我们似乎总是把勇敢和力量这样的特质视为伟大的美德，但我们不应该忘记水教会我们的道理。 在与人相处时，我们可以像水一样。尽我们最大的努力帮助他人，不图任何回报。同时，要保持谦逊。总是谈论我们为别人做过的事是不明智的。即使在困境中没有人关心我们，我们也要保持冷静。毕竟，水不会选择去哪里，它只会流向需要它的地方。 【语篇解读】 老子是中国古代著名的思想家。“上善若水”这四个字，就出自老子的《道德经》，意指最高的品德如水一样，默默滋养世间万物而不争名利。 答案详析 1. B 推理判断题。根据第一段前两句“W hat is the best virtue? What can we learn from water?"可知，作者是通过提出两个问题的方式开启本文的。 2.D 细节理解题。根据第二段的内容可知，水从不要求任何回报，它只是默默地给予，它保持着低姿态，故选D项。 3. D 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“It's unwise to always talk about the favors we have done for others."可知，总是谈论我们给予他人的恩惠是不明智的，故作者可能同意D项中的观点。 4. A 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了思想家老子“上善若水”的观点，他认为最高的品德如水一样，故推测A项最适合作本文标题。 一、完形填空 Choose the best answer（选择最恰当的答案） Passage 1 The Amazing Journey of Water Droplets Have you ever wondered how water droplets travel in nature? Water from oceans, lakes, and rivers takes ____1____ heat from the sun and evaporates into the air. When the air gets cold enough, these water vapor form tiny clouds. Soon, the sky is covered ____2____ thick clouds, which are made of lots of small water droplets. ____3____ these droplets become too heavy? They fall as rain! Some rain flows into rivers, and ____4____ soaks into the ground. Plants absorb ____5____ of this water through their roots. People ____6____ water was endless, but now we know we need to save it. ____7____ the climate changes, some places get less rain than before. When water is used, we must clean it ____8____ before returning it to nature. Sometimes, we waste water without realizing it — like letting the tap run for even ____9____ second too long. Leaving water unprotected, we allow pollution to harm it. Over time, clean-water sources may get smaller. We should take action now, until everyone can enjoy clean water every day. Remember, every drop of water is ____10____ precious. Let’s work together to protect it! 1. A. off B. in C. out 2. A. with B. of C. in 3. A. How about B. What if C. Why don’t 4. A. another B. the rest C. the other 5. A. a little B. a few C. little 6. A. used to think B. are used to think C. are used to thinking 7. A. Before B. Until C. As 8. A. safe B. safely C. safety 9. A. a B. the C. / 10. A. anything B. something C. everything 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. B 4. B 5. A 6. A 7. C 8. B 9. A 10. B 【导语】本文讲述了水在自然界中的循环过程以及人类保护水资源的重要性。 【1题详解】 句意： 来自海洋、湖泊和河流的水吸收太阳的热量并蒸发到空气中。 off 从……离开；in在……里面；out向外。根据“take...heat”可知考查take in heat，固定搭配，表示“吸收热量”，故选B。 【2题详解】 句意： 很快，天空被厚厚的云层覆盖，这些云由许多小水滴组成。 with带有；of……的；in在……里面，be covered with是固定搭配，表示“被……覆盖”，故选A。 【3题详解】 句意： 如果这些水滴变得太重会怎样？ How about……怎么样，表示建议； What if 如果……将会怎样，表示假设；Why don’t为什么不，表示建议。根据“these droplets become too heavy? They fall as rain!”可知此处需要表达假设条件，故选B。 【4题详解】 句意：一些雨水流入河流，其余的渗入地下。 another另一个；the rest剩余部分；the other另一个（两者中)。根据“Some rain flows into rivers, and...soaks into the ground.”可知是指剩余部分雨水会渗入地里，故选B。 【5题详解】 句意：植物通过根部吸收其中的少量水分。 a little有一些，修饰不可数名词；a few有一些，修饰可数名词；little否定意义的少量，修饰不可数名词。空缺处修饰不可数名词“water”故排除B；根据“Plants absorb...of this water through their roots.”可知指植物通过根部吸收其中的少量水分，故选A。 【6题详解】 句意：人们过去认为水是无限的，但现在我们知道需要节约用水。 used to think过去常常认为；are used to think错误搭配；are used to thinking惯于思考。根据“but now we know we need to save it”可知表示过去持续的看法，用used to do结构，故选A。 【7题详解】 句意： 随着气候变化，一些地方的降雨量比以前减少。 Before在……之前；Until直到……；As当……时/随着。根据“the climate changes, some places get less rain than before.”可知空缺处表示“随着气候变化”，故选C。 【8题详解】 句意：使用水后，我们必须安全地净化它，然后才能将其归还自然。 safe安全的，形容词；safely安全地，副词；safety安全，名词。空缺处修饰动词“clean”需要用副词形式，故选B。 【9题详解】 句意：有时我们会无意中浪费水，比如让水龙头多开哪怕一秒钟。 a一……，不定冠词；the 此，定冠词；/零冠词。空缺处修饰辅音音素开头的可数名词单数“second”，故选A。 【10题详解】 句意：记住，每一滴水都无比珍贵。 anything任何事物(常用于否定/疑问)；something某事物；everything一切事物。根据“every drop of water is...precious.”可知此处表示“每一滴水都是珍贵的东西”，用something在此处泛指有价值的事物，故选B。 Passage 2 Water makes up about sixty percent of your body weight. As a teenager, you should drink 1.4 to 1.9 liters of water every day. Most of us get our water at a low price from our taps. But some people prefer bottled water, ____1____ it costs more. Bottled water first appeared in the United States in the 1760s. A company called Jackson’s Spa bottled and sold mineral water. It said that the water could “produce good effects on people’s bodies”. Since then, bottled water has become more and more ____2____ worldwide. People drink about 10 percent more bottled water every year. In 2019, for the first time, Americans drank more bottled water than soda. Why has bottled water become so popular? Well, this may have something to do with people’s ____3____ about the purity of tap water. According to one survey, 63 percent of Americans worried a lot about the safety of their drinking water. However, research suggests such worries are unnecessary. For most families, bottled water is not better than tap water. ____4____, almost half of all bottled water comes from the tap. (The company may further process it, though) And when it comes to taste, most of us cannot tell the difference. Students at Boston University once conducted a blind taste test. Only a third of the taste-testers were able to correctly ____5____ the tap water from the samples. Making bottled water, however, requires a lot of resources. Plastic bottles are usually used only once before being thrown away. Besides, more water goes into the making of a bottle of water than simply its contents. One study found that on average, companies use 1.39 liters of water to make one liter of bottled water, which means the industry actually ____6____ huge amounts of water. Do you prefer bottled water to tap water? It’s time to change your mind! Bottled water is more expensive. However, it isn’t much better than the water you get from your kitchen tap. 1. A. as B. because C. even though D. once 2. A. popular B. classical C. effective D. excellent 3. A. confidence B. worries C. protection D. misunderstandings 4. A. In addition B. What’s more C. In fact D. However 5. A. pick out B. help out C. work out D. find out 6. A. recycles B. wastes C. purifies D. stores 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. A 6. B 【导语】本文主要讨论了瓶装水和自来水之间的比较，分析了瓶装水日益流行的原因及其存在的问题。 【1题详解】 句意：但有些人更喜欢瓶装水，尽管它的价格更高。 as由于；because因为；even though尽管；once一旦。根据“But some people prefer bottled water,...it costs more.”可知，前后是转折关系，用even though引导让步状语从句。故选C。 【2题详解】 句意：从那时起，瓶装水在全球范围内越来越受欢迎。 popular受欢迎的；classical经典的；effective有效果的；excellent优秀的。根据“Why has bottled water become so popular?”可知，是瓶装水越来越受欢迎。故选A。 【3题详解】 句意：嗯，这可能与人们对自来水纯度的担忧有关。 confidence信心；worries担心；protection保护；misunderstandings误解。根据“63 percent of Americans worried a lot about the safety of their drinking water.”可知，人们对自来水担忧。故选B。 【4题详解】 句意：事实上，几乎一半的瓶装水来自水龙头。 In addition此外；What’s more而且；In fact事实上；However然而。根据“bottled water is not better than tap water.”可知，空格后是揭露真相。故选C。 【5题详解】 句意：只有三分之一的味觉测试者能够正确地从样本中挑选出自来水。 pick out挑选；help out帮助摆脱困境；work out计算出；find out查明。根据“the tap water from the samples.”可知，测试者是从样本中挑选出自来水。故选A。 【6题详解】 句意：一项研究发现，平均而言，公司用1.39升水生产一升瓶装水，这意味着该行业实际上浪费了大量的水。 recycles回收；wastes浪费；purifies净化；stores存储。根据“companies use 1.39 liters of water to make one liter of bottled water”可知，是浪费了大量的水。故选B。 二、阅读理解 Choose the best answer (根据以下内容，选出最恰当的答案) Nov 5, 2025 Home Products Blog FAQ You’ve probably heard this advice: drink eight glasses of water every day. Well, I’m sorry to say it’s not true. This idea won’t make your skin look bright, help you think better, or give you more energy. There’s a lot of wrong information about this. It’s surprising how many people believe it — you hear it on TV and read it in articles. But it’s not correct. Most of the time, your body will tell you when you need water. Why? Because you have great kidneys (肾) that don’t get enough praise. Kidneys are two organs in your body. Their job is to clean your blood and remove waste. Every day, all the blood in your body flows through your kidneys. Many things influence your body, such as what you eat and drink, the outside temperature, and how much you exercise. If the amount of any substance in your body becomes too high or too low, it can be harmful to you. Luckily, kidneys work hard to keep these substances balanced. So, if you don’t need eight glasses a day, how much water should you drink? The answer is simple: there’s no fixed number. Just drink when you feel thirsty. You can trust your body. Unless you have kidney stones or you’re an old person, you don’t need to check how much water you drink all the time. Here’s something people often forget: almost everything you eat or drink has water. Your morning coffee has water, and your breakfast does too. Snacks like apples, oranges, or a glass of juice are also full of water. So, as long as you pay attention to your thirst, you don’t have to count those eight glasses at all! 1. We can find this article in the ______ section of a newspaper. A. sports B. fashion C. travel D. health 1. Drinking eight glasses of water a day can ______ to your body. A. ease your thirst B. make your skin bright C. make you feel clear-headed D. make you feel more energetic 3. What is NOT the function of the kidneys? A. Removing wastes from the body. B. Cleaning your blood. C. Keeping the substances in balance. D. Making you feel thirsty. 4. Something people often forget is that ______. A. caring about how much water to drink is necessary B. almost everything you eat or drink contains water C. the snack contains no water D. you should not listen to your body’s sense of thirst 5. What’s the best title of the article? A. Drinking as much water as possible B. Drinking water is of great importance C. Why should we drink enough water? D. Is drinking eight glasses of water a day necessary? 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要讨论了每天喝八杯水建议并不准确，指出身体会通过口渴感来提示需要饮水，并解释了肾脏在调节体内水分平衡中的作用，强调无需严格计算饮水量。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，本文主要讨论了每天喝八杯水的建议并不准确，并解释了肾脏的作用以及如何判断自己需要喝多少水，这些内容都与健康相关。因此，最有可能在报纸的健康版块找到这篇文章。故选D。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“You’ve probably heard this advice: drink eight glasses of water every day. Well, I’m sorry to say it’s not true. This idea won’t make your skin look bright, help you think better, or give you more energy.”可知，每天喝八杯水并不能使皮肤明亮、头脑清晰或提供更多能量，只能解渴，选项A正确。故选A。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Their job is to clean your blood and remove waste.”以及“kidneys work hard to keep these substances balanced.”可知，肾脏的作用包括清洁血液、去除废物和保持体内物质平衡，不包括选项D“让你感到口渴”。故选D。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Here’s something people often forget: almost everything you eat or drink has water.”可知，人们经常忘记的是几乎所有吃或喝的东西都含有水分。故选B。 【5题详解】 最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要讨论了每天喝八杯水的建议并不准确，并解释了肾脏的作用以及如何判断自己需要喝多少水，因此选项D“每天喝八杯水有必要吗？”最符合文章主旨。故选D。 三、综合填空 Complete the passage with the given words in their proper forms. 用所给单词的适当形式完成短文。 The Himalayan Mountains have the third ____1____ (large) glaciers (冰川) in the world. But now the first study of this place shows that it lost ____2____ (ton) of ice from 2000 to 2016. “This is the ____3____ (one) overall look at what has exactly happened to glaciers in the Himalayas over a 40-year time,” said the lead ____4____ (write) Joshua Maurer, “Our study shows a huge glacier ice loss because of the rising temperatures from climate change,” Maurer says. “Nearly a quarter of the area’s ice has been lost over the last 40 years. Temperatures in the area have ____5____ (rise) 1℃ higher than those from 1975 to 2000, and one degree is enough to ____6____ (product) such a huge loss.” The ice and snow in the area are the head of Asia’s great rivers. The study does not include the high mountains nearby, but other studies suggest that similar melting is going on there as well. This melting means more floods and glacial lakes. In May 2012, one such flood ____7____ (kill) over 60 people in villages near Pokhara, Nepal. It also pulled down houses in these villages. Besides, around 800 million people depend on rivers from Himalayan glaciers for farming, drinking water and ____8____ (make) electricity. The melting ____9____ (increase) the river water during warm seasons, but scientists say that the river water will become much less in a few years as the glaciers lose ____10____ (rapid). 【答案】1. largest 2. tons 3. first 4. writer 5. risen 6. produce 7. killed 8. making 9. increases 10. rapidly 【导语】本文主要介绍了喜马拉雅山的冰川情况，包括其冰川规模、近年来的冰川流失情况、气温上升对冰川的影响，以及冰川融化带来的一系列后果等。 【1题详解】 句意：喜马拉雅山脉拥有世界上第三大冰川。根据“the third”可知，此处用“the+序数词+形容词最高级+名词”结构，表示“第几……的……”，large的最高级是largest。故填largest。 【2题详解】 句意：但是现在对这个地方的第一项研究表明，从2000年到2016年，它流失了数吨冰。根据语境可知，此处表示“数吨冰”，ton是可数名词，用复数形式tons。故填tons。 【3题详解】 句意：“这是40年来对喜马拉雅山冰川到底发生了什么的首次全面审视，”首席作者Joshua Maurer说。根据语境和空前定冠词the可知，此处表示“首次全面审视”，应用序数词first表示顺序。故填first。 【4题详解】 句意：“这是40年来对喜马拉雅山冰川到底发生了什么的首次全面审视，”首席作者Joshua Maurer说。根据语境可知，Joshua Maurer是这项研究的首席作者，write是动词，表示“写”，其名词形式writer表示“作者”，符合语境。故填writer。 【5题详解】 句意：该地区的气温比1975年至2000年的气温上升了1℃，而上升1℃就足以造成如此巨大的损失。根据语境和空前助动词have可知，此句是现在完成时，其结构是“have/has+过去分词”，rise是动词，表示“上升”，其过去分词是risen。故填risen。 【6题详解】 句意：该地区的气温比1975年至2000年的气温上升了1℃，而上升1℃就足以造成如此巨大的损失。根据语境和空前不定式符号to可知，此空用动词原形，product是名词，表示“产品”，其动词形式produce表示“造成，产生”，符合语境。故填produce。 【7题详解】 句意：2012年5月，尼泊尔博卡拉附近村庄的一次这样的洪水造成60多人死亡。根据时间状语“In May 2012”可知，此句时态是一般过去时，kill是动词，表示“杀死”，其过去式是killed。故填killed。 【8题详解】 句意：此外，大约8亿人依靠喜马拉雅冰川的河流进行农业灌溉、饮用水和发电。根据语境和空前介词for可知，此空用动名词形式，make是动词，表示“制作”，其动名词形式是making。故填making。 【9题详解】 句意：融化增加了温暖季节的河水，但科学家说，随着冰川迅速消失，几年后河水将会少得多。根据语境和从句时态可知，主句描述的是客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语The melting是第三人称单数，谓语动词用三单形式，increase是动词，表示“增加”，其三单形式是increases。故填increases。 【10题详解】 句意：融化增加了温暖季节的河水，但科学家说，随着冰川迅速消失，几年后河水将会少得多。根据语境和句子结构可知，此空用副词修饰动词lose，rapid是形容词，表示“迅速的”，其副词形式是rapidly。故填rapidly。 四、阅读回答问题 Read the passage and complete the tasks (根据短文内容完成任务)（Task1中1-4题每题2分，5-6题每题3分，Task2中7题10分，共24分） Water plays an important role in our daily lives. It makes up about sixty percent of your body weight. Most of us get our water at a low price from the taps. But some people prefer bottled water, even though it costs more. Bottled water first appeared in the United States in the 1760s. A company called Jackson’s Spa sold bottled water. It said that the water could be good for people’s health. Since then, bottled water has become more and more popular worldwide. In 2019, for the first time, Americans drank more bottled water than soda. Why has bottled water become so popular? Well, this may have something to do with people’s worries about the purity (纯净) of tap water. According to one survey, 63 percent of Americans worried a lot about the safety of their drinking water. However, research suggests such worries are unnecessary. For most families, bottled water isn’t better than tap water. In fact, almost half of all bottled water comes from the tap. When it comes to taste, most of us can’t tell the difference. Once a blind taste test was done and only a third of the taste-testers were able to correctly pick out which one was from tap water. Making bottled water, however, requires lots of things. Plastic bottles are usually used only once before being thrown away. Besides, more water goes into the making of a bottle of water. One study found that companies usually use 1.39 litres (升) of water to make one litre of bottled water. Do you prefer bottled water to tap water? It’s time to change your mind! Bottled water is more expensive. However, it isn’t much better than the water you get from your kitchen tap. Task 1: Answer the questions: 1. Bottled water is cheaper than tap water, isn’t it? _____________________________ 2. When did bottled water first appear in America? _____________________________ 3. Why is bottled water popular with Americans? _____________________________ 4. Why was a blind taste test done? _____________________________ 5. How does the writer show the fact that more water goes into the making of a bottle of water? _____________________________ 6. What is the writer’s attitude towards tap water? _____________________________ Task 2: 7. Write more about the advantages of tap water or the disadvantages of bottled water in about 30 words. _____________________________ 【答案】1. No, it isn’t. 2. In the 1760s. 3. Because people worried about the purity of tap water. 4. To see if most of us can tell the difference between bottled water and tap water in taste. 5. By citing a study. 6. Positive. 7. Tap water is much cheaper, tastes almost the same and causes no plastic pollution, while bottled water wastes resources, creates plastic rubbish and needs extra fuel in transportation. 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讨论了瓶装水在美国的起源、流行原因、与自来水的比较，以及瓶装水生产对环境的影响。文章旨在提醒读者瓶装水并非比自来水更优越，且生产过程中存在资源浪费问题。 【1题详解】 根据文章中的“But some people prefer bottled water, even though it costs more.”可知，瓶装水比自来水贵，而不是便宜。故填No, it isn’t. 【2题详解】 根据文章中的“Bottled water first appeared in the United States in the 1760s”可知，瓶装水首次出现在美国是在18世纪60年代。故填In the 1760s. 【3题详解】 根据文章中的“this may have something to do with people’s worries about the purity (纯净) of tap water”可知，瓶装水在美国受欢迎的原因可能与人们对自来水纯净度的担忧有关。故填Because people worried about the purity of tap water. 【4题详解】 根据文章中的“Once a blind taste test was done and only a third of the taste-testers were able to correctly pick out which one was from tap water.”可知，进行盲品测试是为了看我们大多数人是否能品尝出瓶装水和自来水在味道上的差异。故填To see if most of us can tell the difference between bottled water and tap water in taste. 【5题详解】 根据文章中的“One study found that companies usually use 1.39 litres (升) of water to make one litre of bottled water.”可知作者通过引用一项研究来说明生产一瓶瓶装水需要消耗更多的水。故填By citing a study. 【6题详解】 根据文章中的“However, it isn’t much better than the water you get from your kitchen tap.”可知，作者认为自来水并不比瓶装水差很多，因此作者对自来水的态度是积极的。故填Positive. 【7题详解】 这是一个开放性问题，答案因人而异。但可以根据文章内容和常识来回答。故填Tap water is much cheaper, tastes almost the same and causes no plastic pollution, while bottled water wastes resources, creates plastic rubbish and needs extra fuel in transportation. 1 / 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $